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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you should know

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Speaker 1: from house Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to

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Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. With me as always is

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Speaker 1: the lovely Chuck Bryant staring at our new jute rug

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Speaker 1: hanging from our new wall. What's up, Chuck? We must

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Speaker 1: be like going places. We have a jute rug hanging

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Speaker 1: from the wall. I feel silly because they called it Berber.

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Speaker 1: That's okay, I'm over here feeling stupid. They're both from

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Speaker 1: the same area. That's the world that they better be

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Speaker 1: because if you start getting the cool thing is is

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Speaker 1: when we're corrected though we are literally corrected. I'm sorry,

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Speaker 1: we're corrected by literal experts. Have you noticed. Yeah? True,

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Speaker 1: yea many times, like it would be like a jute

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Speaker 1: rug manufacturer or somebody with a PhD and jute rug

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Speaker 1: studies who will email us about or Henry Jute himself, right,

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Speaker 1: the father of jute ruggery. Yeah, so other than the

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Speaker 1: whole Berber jute thing. How are you feeling? Oh, I'm good.

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Speaker 1: A little tired, but I'm fine. Are you tired? Chuck,

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Speaker 1: you should look into energy drinks. I just drank one

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Speaker 1: and I'm like, yeah, I'm not a fan. I like

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Speaker 1: the taste. No, no, good enough? Do you want to

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Speaker 1: move on? Sure, let's do that. What's funny is is

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Speaker 1: that came out is like seven seconds and it really

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Speaker 1: lasted what like four minutes? Yeah, if people only knew

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Speaker 1: thanks to the wonder of YERI. Yeah, So, Chuck, um

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Speaker 1: you may have noticed, and I know you did because

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Speaker 1: that person we used to relay information to us between

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Speaker 1: the two of us because we can't stand one another really,

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Speaker 1: Uh told me that you told her that you already

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Speaker 1: knew this. Are you following me so far? No? I

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Speaker 1: don't think anyone else is either. Okay, we already did

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Speaker 1: this one. Yeah, we should go ahead and say that, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this is about carbon capture and storage. And uh, it

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Speaker 1: seemed oddly familiar when I was researching, and that's because

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Speaker 1: we did, in fact do this last lie. But it

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Speaker 1: was one of our little baby podcasts when we first started,

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Speaker 1: and it was like five seven minutes long something like that,

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Speaker 1: and it just really didn't do this topic justice. And

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Speaker 1: I gotta tell you, hot dog, carbon capture and storage

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Speaker 1: is cool enough and important enough to do twice. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and don't worry, folks, We're not gonna start rehashing things.

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Speaker 1: We have plenty of topics weeks or you have to cover.

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Speaker 1: But we just want to do this because we're in

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Speaker 1: a little green sweet kick exactly. Yeah. And plus you know,

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Speaker 1: the first one just didn't quite do it. Usually when

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Speaker 1: we do a podcast, it stays done, right. This one

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Speaker 1: didn't quite stay done and it was still squirming. We

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Speaker 1: hadn't put the nail into the back of the head yet.

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Speaker 1: We're gonna do that here. Yeah, So, Chuck, this one

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Speaker 1: is laden with stats. As I was reading this article,

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Speaker 1: I thought, Chuck is going to go crazy for this one.

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Speaker 1: Give me the first stat buddy. Let's talk about c

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Speaker 1: O two in the greenhouse effect, right, let's do Okay,

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Speaker 1: So we do have this layer of carbon dioxide that

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Speaker 1: allows sunlight to pass through and some to stay. It

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Speaker 1: keeps bouncing back and forth, which we need to degree

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Speaker 1: or else trees wouldn't grow, children wouldn't skip and play

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Speaker 1: supported for photosynthesis, right, so we do need it. What

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Speaker 1: would happen if we didn't have this, uh, this greenhouse

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Speaker 1: layer surrounding the earth like a warm blanket, Josh, if

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Speaker 1: we had no greenhouse effect, our planet would be about

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Speaker 1: minus twenty two degrees fahrenheit, which is minus thirty degrees

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Speaker 1: celsius for our friends who don't use the Imperial system.

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Speaker 1: So it would be a frozen planet basically, yeah, oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: we wouldn't be around, I'll tell you that. So we

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Speaker 1: want the greenhouse effect. We want this stuff to come

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Speaker 1: through and to warm our Earth. The problem is is

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Speaker 1: when enough of it doesn't get bounced back into outer space,

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Speaker 1: then it gets a little too warm because the other

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Speaker 1: the other direction. We don't have a stat on that,

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Speaker 1: but as you can tell, summers are getting a little hotter,

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Speaker 1: and uh, I'm sweating a lot more. We do have

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Speaker 1: a stat on that as far as it getting hotter.

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Speaker 1: Uh well, emissions, I'm sorry, emissions increasing. I kind of

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Speaker 1: bent that one little bit. But from nineteen seventy two

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Speaker 1: thousand four, the greenhouse gas emissions have increased over that

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Speaker 1: thirty four year period, right and there there's actually plenty

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Speaker 1: of different greenhouse gases You've got, like nitrous oxide, methane, um,

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Speaker 1: even water vapor is technically a greenhouse gas up there. Um,

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Speaker 1: So all this stuff kind of combining traps in the

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Speaker 1: sun's heat. Um. But worst among them as far as

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Speaker 1: what we're doing to contribute, which is called anthropogenic contribution, uh,

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Speaker 1: is carbon dioxide. Because between that same period, would you say,

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Speaker 1: it's nineteen seventy two thousand four, our carbon dioxide emissions grew.

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Speaker 1: That's that's significant. Yeah, close to doubling. That's that's a lot. Right.

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Speaker 1: Then you remember the chloro hydrofluorocarbons I think is what

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Speaker 1: they were called, the CFCs yet chlorofluora carbons, uh, And

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Speaker 1: then they were in aerosol sprays and like everybody's like,

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Speaker 1: oh god, you know, it's everything's going to end, and

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Speaker 1: the we just got rid of aerosaults. Kind of we

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Speaker 1: need to figure out a way to do that with

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Speaker 1: carbon dioxide emissions too. Well, we kind of are yeah,

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Speaker 1: and what is it? Well, that's what we're talking about again,

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Speaker 1: which is a carbon capture and more importantly storage, because

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Speaker 1: capturing carbon, I mean, none of it's easy, but what

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Speaker 1: you do with it is what's important. Sure, yeah, I

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Speaker 1: mean we can't yeah put in the backyard, sure right,

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Speaker 1: you can put it very deep in the backyard. You

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Speaker 1: could not get to that nice for shadowing so let's

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Speaker 1: talk about trapping carbon dioxide. First. They capture part of

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Speaker 1: carbon capture and storage, which, if you want to look

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Speaker 1: green savvy in front of your friends, just toss out

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Speaker 1: ccs and they will be wowed. Yeah, we've actually been

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Speaker 1: doing this for a while, Josh, what you and I

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Speaker 1: year at least ye know capturing carbon. Oh, yeah, we've

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Speaker 1: been doing that for a while because the oil and

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Speaker 1: gas industries do that. They they've been doing that for

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Speaker 1: decades to enhance oil and gas recovery. Right, because you know,

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Speaker 1: when when you tap in uh oil reserve all the

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Speaker 1: deposit in the earth, it's actually there's a ton of

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Speaker 1: gases holding it down. It's pressurized actually, so the stuff

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Speaker 1: is it comes out really easily. But as the gases

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Speaker 1: that are holding this, they're pressurizing this underground cavern, escape

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Speaker 1: into the atmosphere, um, it becomes harder and harder to

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Speaker 1: get the oil out. So they figured out that if

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Speaker 1: you pump CEO two into these half depleted deposits, it

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Speaker 1: repressurizes it and it makes the oil easier to to

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Speaker 1: get out. Right, So out of that becomes a more

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Speaker 1: environmentally friendly use, which is capturing carbon from Mother Earth. Right,

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Speaker 1: and even more so since we're already or since the

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Speaker 1: oil companies are already using sea pressurized c O two

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Speaker 1: uh to to for enhanced store recovery. There's already a network,

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Speaker 1: a system of pipelines and stuff in in in our

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Speaker 1: infrastructure structure. Wow, I love that word infrastructure. But that's

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Speaker 1: I do too. It's very comforting, it is. Yeah, it

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Speaker 1: sounds like somebody's in charge, so we're I'm getting ahead

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Speaker 1: of myself. That's the that's part of the storage. Right,

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Speaker 1: Let's keep talking about capture, Josh. There are three main

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Speaker 1: steps to CCS, and that is the trapping of the

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Speaker 1: carbon uh the separating of the CEO two from other gases,

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Speaker 1: and then transporting it to a place where you can

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Speaker 1: store it away from the atmosphere. Right. And actually, strangely enough,

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Speaker 1: there's three methods that we've come up with for doing this. Right.

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Speaker 1: So you've got you love that, dun't you. You've got

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Speaker 1: post combustion, pre combustion, and oxyfuel combustion right down. Okay,

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Speaker 1: well I'll break down post combustion. It's exactly what it

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Speaker 1: sounds like. Say you've got a coal fire power plant.

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Speaker 1: Coal is super dirty, even clean coal is very dirty. Uh.

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Speaker 1: If you can figure out a way to trap that

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Speaker 1: CEO two that's escaping from the fluid, Uh, then all

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Speaker 1: of a sudden you've just captured carbon. Right. And one

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Speaker 1: way to do that is to introduce some sort of

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Speaker 1: like gel or compound. Uh. There's some I know Georgia

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Speaker 1: text working on one called hyper branched you know, silica. Wow,

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Speaker 1: look at you. Thanks? You weren't even reading that. No,

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Speaker 1: it wasn't very impressive. Oh, it's not even in this article, pal,

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Speaker 1: And my brain is musters no. Um. And actually I

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Speaker 1: guess it's because it's so hyper branched. Um. It traps

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Speaker 1: carbon dioxide molecules and it actually locks into them. So

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Speaker 1: it's a silica. It's kind of sandy. So it works

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Speaker 1: as a filter. It does. But you know, so some

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Speaker 1: flu gases get out, but the carbon dioxide doesn't. And

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Speaker 1: the cool thing is it's like it just sits there,

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Speaker 1: just traps it until it's heated again. And if you

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Speaker 1: heat it in the under the right circumstances, you can

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Speaker 1: capture just the c O two and compress it and

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Speaker 1: get rid of it. That's one example of post combustion.

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Speaker 1: The key to post combustion is you're already burning the

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Speaker 1: fospil fuels and you're capturing as much CO two as

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Speaker 1: you can before it escapes into the atmosphere out of

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Speaker 1: smoke stack. Right. One thing I noticed in that where

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Speaker 1: you said once you heat it again, it leaves behind

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Speaker 1: the concentrated uh CEO two, but it releases water vapor.

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Speaker 1: Is I wonder if that water vapor is part of

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Speaker 1: the problem as well, though it seems get water vapor

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Speaker 1: is again it's a greenhouse gas, but it's also a

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Speaker 1: flu gas, which is a mixture of a whole bunch

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Speaker 1: of stuff that that that comes out of burning fossil fuels.

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Speaker 1: But again we're after the CEO two, but it seems

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Speaker 1: like getting the CEO two separated from the water vapor

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Speaker 1: is a problem as well. Yeah, so you want to

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Speaker 1: do precombustion. Yeah, uh, this is when carbon is carbon

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Speaker 1: is trapped I'm sorry, carbon dioxide, I guess I should

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Speaker 1: say is trapped before the fossil fuel is burned, so

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Speaker 1: before it's diluted with other flu gasses. Um is when

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Speaker 1: you when you capture it, so precombustion, before it's burned

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Speaker 1: and apparently chuck what you do is you actually heat

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Speaker 1: whatever fossil fuel you're using, uh, in the presence of

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Speaker 1: pure oxygen, and you get this other, this brand, this

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Speaker 1: completely different thing, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, right. And then

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Speaker 1: you run into a catalytic converter and it produces more hydrogen,

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Speaker 1: which is good because you can actually reuse that for

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Speaker 1: energy to maybe even power this whole process, right uh.

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Speaker 1: And then you get car and dioxide as well, right uh.

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Speaker 1: And then you put them in a flask with a

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Speaker 1: chemical called aimine, and the aiming actually holds the CEO

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Speaker 1: two down on top of it. Right, and then eventually

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Speaker 1: you can extract the aiming and the hydrogen, reuse the

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Speaker 1: aiming and trap the CEO two. It sounds like kind

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Speaker 1: of a lot, it does. I wonder if we're gonna

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Speaker 1: get get any cool sound effects like our distillery. That

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Speaker 1: would be very cool. That would be super cool. And

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Speaker 1: if we did, Yeah, didn't you just hear it. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: Jerry's ignoring us right now, so that might not happen. Um.

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Speaker 1: So the it is a lot pre combustion. Is it's

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Speaker 1: a big process. Yeah, it's already in use actually for

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Speaker 1: natural gas. They've already been using this. It is the

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Speaker 1: thing is is it's in use in a brand new

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Speaker 1: power plant. The good thing about post combustion is you

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Speaker 1: can run around the country and retrofit old power plant

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Speaker 1: to capture carbon dioxide. Pre combustion you pretty much have

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Speaker 1: to build that in as you're building a new power plant.

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Speaker 1: And it's also super expense. Well, this has a lot

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Speaker 1: of energy. What precombustion Yeah, oh yeah, No, I thought

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Speaker 1: it was lower in cost, is it. Well, the process

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Speaker 1: is lower in cost, but I think it's more expensive

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Speaker 1: because it's not a retrofit, right. But it also it's

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Speaker 1: it's higher in the cost of energy that it uses

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Speaker 1: to this process. From what I understand, I was talking

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Speaker 1: about dollars. Buddy, Hey dude, you still for energy somehow,

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Speaker 1: pay an hour, pay later, right, right. And then the

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Speaker 1: last one is oxyfuel, right, oxyfuel combustion, Yeah, that's uh.

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Speaker 1: The power plant burns fossil fuel and oxygen and this

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Speaker 1: results in a gas mixture comprised of steam and carbon dioxide.

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Speaker 1: So the steam and c O two are separated when

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Speaker 1: you cool it and compress the gas, uh stream Right,

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Speaker 1: So there you have it. There you have, and all

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Speaker 1: three of these captured between eighty and the carbon dioxide

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Speaker 1: that's escaping. I think oxy fuels the most oxy feels

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Speaker 1: topping out at nine um. So those are pretty much

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Speaker 1: the three competing ways to UH capture carbon dioxide and

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Speaker 1: use right now. And it seems like we're talking about

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Speaker 1: power plants a lot. Those are definitely the focus of

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Speaker 1: carbon capture right now. You know, they're huge emitters of

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Speaker 1: carbon diox So, like there's a I think a Southern

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Speaker 1: Company plant in Juliette, Georgia, and it emits more carbon

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Speaker 1: DIOXI than the entire power infrastructure of Brazil, which seems

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Speaker 1: a little lopsided because you just blogged about Brazil recently

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Speaker 1: on a sugarcane biofuels, right, and they're very, very energy

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Speaker 1: independent thanks to the cellulistic ethanol that they make from sugarcane.

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Speaker 1: So it's a lopside in comparison. But still one power

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Speaker 1: plant shouldn't be putting out, you know, more CEO two

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Speaker 1: than any country. Sure you would think, right, but that's

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Speaker 1: less that country is tiny, Like maybe Vatican City Is

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Speaker 1: that a country, dude? I I walked around Vatican City

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Speaker 1: one time by accident. Well it was my friend Brett

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Speaker 1: and I kind of well we were on the wrong

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Speaker 1: side of of where we needed to be, and we thought, well,

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Speaker 1: we'll just skirt around this wall here, and I think

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Speaker 1: it'll be quicker. And I didn't realize that we're walking

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Speaker 1: around the country. Did you come face to face with

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Speaker 1: the pope and they're just like But it took forever.

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Speaker 1: It was much a much longer walk than I anticipated.

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Speaker 1: And now that I realized it's a country that kind

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Speaker 1: of all makes sense. Does it make sense? It does

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Speaker 1: cool place though I've heard moving on. Yes. So now, Josh,

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Speaker 1: what we have is captured carbon. We got a whole

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Speaker 1: lot of carbon dioxide. What do we do with the chuck? Well,

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Speaker 1: you need to transport at first before you can store it?

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Speaker 1: How through a pipeline? Oh yeah, I already talked about that. Right.

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Speaker 1: That's a good thing is that infrastructure is in place.

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Speaker 1: And uh, I think here's another stat there's more than

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Speaker 1: fift miles of CEO two pipelines already in place here.

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Speaker 1: And it sounds like technically it's not like consider the

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Speaker 1: then oil pipelines and that kind of thing, and that

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Speaker 1: actually I was talking about a lopside of figure with

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Speaker 1: the Southern Company plant in Brazil. Um, you know CEO

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Speaker 1: two pipeline safe. Uh as far as fatalities and accidents go,

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Speaker 1: it's really low compared to like natural gas and in

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Speaker 1: hazardous materials pipeline. I think to the tune of um,

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Speaker 1: I've got stats, I can't now. These are death Okay,

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Speaker 1: that's uh, we're talking. These are death. We're talking Between

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Speaker 1: nine six and two thousand six, there's only been twelve

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Speaker 1: CEO two pipeline leaks with no injuries and none yeah

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Speaker 1: none zip and over the same period more than five

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Speaker 1: thousand accidents within a hundred and seven fatalities with liquid

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Speaker 1: um petroleum pipelines. So whoop whoop. It sounds like CEO

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Speaker 1: two pipelines are way safer, but there's a lot fury. Yeah. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And your friend Debbie Ranka thinks that these things, that

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Speaker 1: these accidents will probably increases the UM CEO two pipeline

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Speaker 1: infrastructure increases in in breadth. Right, and we should say

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Speaker 1: Debbie wrote this, we didn't just chat about this and

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Speaker 1: Debbie throughout her opinion, Debbie wrote this awesome formal trains

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Speaker 1: and pediatrics, Right, Debbie a freak girl dot com? Is

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Speaker 1: that her? Huh nice good girl? Oh, you're just plug happy,

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Speaker 1: aren't you. You know, I think just for old times sake,

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Speaker 1: you should plug our audio book I mean, you know,

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Speaker 1: uh spoken word album. Yeah, well, I'm never going to

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Speaker 1: get that right there in the front of my head.

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Speaker 1: They will never be the first thing I call that.

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Speaker 1: So now we have it in a pipeline and we

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Speaker 1: are transporting it where it needs to go, which it

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Speaker 1: depends on where you pick it up and where it

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Speaker 1: needs to be for where it needs to travel, I mean,

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Speaker 1: is pretty simple, right, but we're also we should probably

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Speaker 1: say that there's different You could transport CEO two three

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Speaker 1: different ways, right, gas, liquid, and solid, right, and the

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Speaker 1: most efficient is is uh is gas? Right? Yeah? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: of course? Um solid CEO two actually is dry eyes

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Speaker 1: did you Yeah, yeah, I didn't. And it's not very

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Speaker 1: cost effective to transport as a solid obviously, um, and

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Speaker 1: gas is easier because you can compress it with these

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Speaker 1: uh you know, these compressors kind of push it through

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Speaker 1: the pipeline every so often they have these compressors. And

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Speaker 1: where are you shooting it too, though, shooting into the

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Speaker 1: storage area chuck there? Yeah, Which that depends on what

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Speaker 1: storage you're gonna use, what kind of storage you're gonna use. Well,

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Speaker 1: what kind do you want to use? I mean, there's

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Speaker 1: only two underground and underwater, right right? What kind do

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Speaker 1: I want to use? What kind do you want to use?

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Speaker 1: If you're Chuck King of the World and somebody says, what,

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Speaker 1: let's see something about CCS, you say, I decree that

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Speaker 1: we're going to store it underground, underground? Alright? Nice? The

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Speaker 1: ocean thing worries me a little bit. They both worried

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Speaker 1: me a little bit, actually, but yeah, let's start with underground. Okay,

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Speaker 1: let's do underground. Um, well, Josh, there are some estimates.

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Speaker 1: If you want another stat you're right, this is chuck

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Speaker 1: full of stats. Um, the planet can store up to

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Speaker 1: ten trillion tons of CEO two underground, which is a

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Speaker 1: hundred years of storage of all human anthropogenic carbon contributions,

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Speaker 1: which sounds good, but that's really not very long d years. No,

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Speaker 1: but consider this. I was actually um when I wrote

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Speaker 1: the article can we bury our CEO two problem under

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Speaker 1: the ocean? I think is what it was called. There's

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Speaker 1: no telling what kind of technology we're going to have.

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Speaker 1: We could conceivably take that trap carbon dioxide and and

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Speaker 1: exert tons of force and and make synthetic petroleum out

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Speaker 1: of it. Yeah point yeah, So a hundred years is

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Speaker 1: a really long time with the kind of technological advances

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Speaker 1: we've been we've been undertaking in the last hundred years,

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Speaker 1: right yeah, I mean think about nineteen odd nine and

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Speaker 1: what it was like then. I don't like to compare

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Speaker 1: to now that's a syphilis yeah yeah sure. So yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's underground. Um. You know, it's pressurized when it's at

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Speaker 1: deep underground, and it behaves more like a liquid than

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Speaker 1: a gas when it's at fronder ground because it like

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Speaker 1: seeps into other little cracks and porous rocks, which is

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Speaker 1: a good thing, right. And actually there there's a specific

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Speaker 1: rock that they found um works really well for carbon storage,

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Speaker 1: and that is basalt, which is volcanic rock, right yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: and they just inject us what is it? Do they

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Speaker 1: inject gaseous gasified CEO two? I think so? Yeah, they

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Speaker 1: injected directly into the rock. And actually the rock transforms

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Speaker 1: from base all into limestone. Pretty cool. It converts it

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Speaker 1: into rock. So basically like it's like a hyper accelerated,

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Speaker 1: uh geological process that's going on. But when I read that,

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Speaker 1: I thought, wow, that's great, what a great idea, we

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Speaker 1: just need to run around injecting all the base all

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Speaker 1: in the world with c O two and will be set.

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Speaker 1: It will just have a big limestone planet. And then

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Speaker 1: again I thought, we really don't know what we're tinkering

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Speaker 1: with here, Like what happens if we have like too

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Speaker 1: much limestone on the planet. We we can't say we

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Speaker 1: don't know. Like this, I can't tell almost I hate

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Speaker 1: to admit this, but I can't tell if this kind

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Speaker 1: of tinkering may actually result in much more catastrophic consequences

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Speaker 1: than just going the way we're going and trying to

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Speaker 1: go with biofuels. I don't you know, a lot of

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Speaker 1: the End of the World movies where it shows like

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Speaker 1: the future, how mankind was wiped out, the little thing

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Speaker 1: they'll use to to turn the story was we were

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Speaker 1: trying to do something great and discovered something we thought

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Speaker 1: was great, but it turned out to be some irrevocable

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Speaker 1: change that lead to our demands. You're talking about soil

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Speaker 1: and Green, of course, Well yeah, and just a lot

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Speaker 1: of movies like that. But that's a great point. Actually,

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Speaker 1: Slowly Green is a great example. I think we're doing

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Speaker 1: something really good and that might lend lead to our

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Speaker 1: undoing water World. Greatest movie ever made? Definitely? Maybe? Really? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: what did that have to do with this? It's highly

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Speaker 1: post apocalyptic. Okay, let's just see that one. I thought

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Speaker 1: it was you haven't seen it. I thought it was

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Speaker 1: a cheesy romance. No, it starts out like that and

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Speaker 1: the twist at the end is mind boggling. Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: like The Road Warrior. So go ahead, Chuck. We're talking

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Speaker 1: underground or are we done with that part? No, well

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Speaker 1: we're almost done. What happens is they're studying all that

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Speaker 1: right now, so your fears hopefully can be dismissed because

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Speaker 1: they're looking to see what the result will be. Sure

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Speaker 1: and as far as it goes, I think the oldest

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Speaker 1: um underground uh CEO two Georage site is actually under

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Speaker 1: the sea floor in Norway and it's only as old

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Speaker 1: as nine and it hasn't had an accident or anything,

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Speaker 1: but it's still it's only thirteen years old. Yeah, so

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Speaker 1: I mean what happens in fifty years or a hundred

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Speaker 1: years exactly? And that's what they're keeping their eye on.

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Speaker 1: I mean they're worried about it too. I mean, we

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Speaker 1: definitely have to do something, but I don't know. I'm

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Speaker 1: just a little hesitant, all right, I agree, Yeah, well

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Speaker 1: you wanna talk about the ocean. Yeah, let's talk about

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Speaker 1: the ocean. I'm I'm with you. I'm much more trepid

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Speaker 1: about the ocean storage and that, Um there's again. I

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Speaker 1: wrote an article called can we bury our CEO two

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Speaker 1: problem in the ocean? And in that article, um, there's

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Speaker 1: this guy who came up with these the idea of

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Speaker 1: having these pipelines pump liquefied not gasified, but liquefied CEO

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Speaker 1: two directly into enormous bags. That's right at the abysmal plane. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: not abysmal plane, the Yeah, but I imagine it's pretty

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Speaker 1: abysmal down there. Yeah. Um, so yeah, down on the

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Speaker 1: abysmal plane, right, And uh, it's it's a pretty good idea.

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Speaker 1: The problem is, these huge, enormous bags can only store

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Speaker 1: I think a day or ten worth of carbon dioxide captured.

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Speaker 1: It would be a lot of bags, and they end

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Speaker 1: up really quick, and if any one of them ruptured,

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Speaker 1: we don't know what would happened. But apparently from a

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Speaker 1: little more investigation, if we bury this stuff or dump

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Speaker 1: it in the ocean deep enough which is to the

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Speaker 1: tune of about eleven ft um. Then we can just

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Speaker 1: let it go and hope for the best that the

401
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Speaker 1: the incredibly low pressure uh and temperatures will basically globify it,

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Speaker 1: compress it, it it ull be floating around. Sounds like that terrible,

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Speaker 1: terrible idea to me, with any kind of cloud that

404
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Speaker 1: I may have as a human being and a podcaster,

405
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Speaker 1: I would like to hear now say that I think

406
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Speaker 1: just dumping our captured carbon diode die oxide into the

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Speaker 1: ocean is one of the worst ideas I've heard this year. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I know, Green Pieces and wild about the idea, and

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Speaker 1: they said it's not even feasible until at least the

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Speaker 1: year so you know, I mean, I have two camps.

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Speaker 1: It's good that we're exploring things like this, but you know,

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Speaker 1: it would be much better if we had electric cars

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Speaker 1: powered by solar energy rather than just thinking of different

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Speaker 1: ways to keep using fossil fuels over and over and

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Speaker 1: over right now, And and that's a good point. I

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Speaker 1: noticed Green Pieces kind of not too hip on this either,

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Speaker 1: and I agree with them as well. I think that

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Speaker 1: we basically have to stuff like this really distracts us

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Speaker 1: from making hard decisions and hard choices. So this is easy.

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Speaker 1: We get to like our lives don't change at all.

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Speaker 1: It's just the power companies need to go retrofit their

422
00:22:49,600 --> 00:22:54,760
Speaker 1: old their old flus with you know, scrubbers of some sort. Uh.

423
00:22:54,800 --> 00:22:57,720
Speaker 1: And but for us to have electric cars or to

424
00:22:57,760 --> 00:22:59,840
Speaker 1: have bio fuels, we're gonna have to pay more gallon

425
00:23:00,119 --> 00:23:02,240
Speaker 1: kind of thing. So it does affect us. So people

426
00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:04,960
Speaker 1: aren't paying that much attention to it. That's how to say.

427
00:23:05,000 --> 00:23:08,040
Speaker 1: This is pielos Y technology, though, you know, I mean,

428
00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:10,880
Speaker 1: it's very viable and it's going on now still right,

429
00:23:11,320 --> 00:23:13,280
Speaker 1: Hopefully works are going to be done on a lot

430
00:23:13,280 --> 00:23:15,720
Speaker 1: of fronts and there will be multiple solutions. You know

431
00:23:15,760 --> 00:23:18,040
Speaker 1: what my favorite idea was, But did you read it

432
00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:21,359
Speaker 1: that little sidebar about the company's sky Mine. Okay, So

433
00:23:21,400 --> 00:23:23,600
Speaker 1: sky Mine has figured out a way where they just

434
00:23:23,680 --> 00:23:28,520
Speaker 1: take um sequestered carbon dioxide and they inject it with

435
00:23:28,600 --> 00:23:33,359
Speaker 1: salt and water sodium hydroxide, right, and it creates a

436
00:23:33,400 --> 00:23:38,280
Speaker 1: chemical reaction that forms baking soda. That's it kind of baking.

437
00:23:38,280 --> 00:23:41,320
Speaker 1: So it's good for everything, it is everything. I just

438
00:23:41,359 --> 00:23:43,960
Speaker 1: think that's the greatest idea ever. The problem is we'd

439
00:23:43,960 --> 00:23:47,800
Speaker 1: have massive baking soda stores and the baking soda market

440
00:23:47,800 --> 00:23:50,760
Speaker 1: in which I'm heavily invested with just bottom out. So

441
00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:53,040
Speaker 1: I mean, I like it as an idea, but financially

442
00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:55,200
Speaker 1: it would suck for me. Right, No fridge would ever

443
00:23:55,240 --> 00:23:58,840
Speaker 1: stink again, though, No, we can probably make fridges out

444
00:23:58,880 --> 00:24:01,719
Speaker 1: of baking soda with that muchly, you know, if they

445
00:24:01,720 --> 00:24:03,600
Speaker 1: can make a suitcase out of cocaine, they can probably

446
00:24:03,600 --> 00:24:06,800
Speaker 1: make a refrigerator out of baking soda. The operative word

447
00:24:06,880 --> 00:24:10,360
Speaker 1: is they. But getting back to the water real quick.

448
00:24:10,359 --> 00:24:12,720
Speaker 1: You were talking about leaking CEO two from the ocean,

449
00:24:13,359 --> 00:24:17,119
Speaker 1: remember our Little Exploding Lake podcast. Yeah, that's a great

450
00:24:17,160 --> 00:24:20,159
Speaker 1: example of the coming up through the water. So that

451
00:24:20,160 --> 00:24:24,720
Speaker 1: could happen lakes. And we should also probably mention carbon sink, yeah,

452
00:24:25,119 --> 00:24:29,240
Speaker 1: which is a phenomenon the The ocean actually does absorb

453
00:24:29,359 --> 00:24:33,000
Speaker 1: CEO two from the atmosphere already, and what happens now

454
00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:37,159
Speaker 1: is it's sinking to the bottom ideally, but some oceans,

455
00:24:37,200 --> 00:24:39,160
Speaker 1: like the Southern Ocean, have soaked up so much that

456
00:24:39,640 --> 00:24:41,920
Speaker 1: it's not soaking it down to the bottom anymore. It's

457
00:24:41,960 --> 00:24:44,399
Speaker 1: not sinking, it's kind of staying on top. And that

458
00:24:44,440 --> 00:24:47,439
Speaker 1: makes the water very acidic, which is not good for fishies. No,

459
00:24:47,680 --> 00:24:50,040
Speaker 1: which is again like nives. We have no idea what

460
00:24:50,119 --> 00:24:52,840
Speaker 1: happened in the marine life, probably because they were exploded

461
00:24:52,920 --> 00:24:58,159
Speaker 1: into trillions of pieces. That's toughs account. So yeah, a

462
00:24:58,160 --> 00:25:00,399
Speaker 1: little troublesome. I mean capturing carbon this is this is

463
00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:04,600
Speaker 1: a good thing. Storing it a little more dodgy, yeah,

464
00:25:04,760 --> 00:25:06,639
Speaker 1: I mean, we'll see what happens. We're gonna script this

465
00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:09,280
Speaker 1: planet one way or another. Might as well make it quick,

466
00:25:09,359 --> 00:25:12,119
Speaker 1: like in just a huge massive eruption of c O

467
00:25:12,240 --> 00:25:14,359
Speaker 1: two into the atmosphere that chokes us all the death.

468
00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:17,760
Speaker 1: That sounds encouraging. Sure, well, it'll get filtered out eventually

469
00:25:17,800 --> 00:25:20,600
Speaker 1: in some strange new life form will eventually take over

470
00:25:20,640 --> 00:25:23,159
Speaker 1: and screw it up later on. So, oh you're a

471
00:25:23,160 --> 00:25:26,960
Speaker 1: bright one today. It's just a shining light. Yeah, so Chuck,

472
00:25:27,320 --> 00:25:30,280
Speaker 1: I'm glad we did this again, buddy, This one, this

473
00:25:30,320 --> 00:25:34,000
Speaker 1: one's done until next time, until that carbon dioxide exploit.

474
00:25:34,119 --> 00:25:37,080
Speaker 1: Let's agree right now, we don't do carbon capture and

475
00:25:37,119 --> 00:25:41,560
Speaker 1: storage again until that massive eruption takes place, All right, okay?

476
00:25:41,600 --> 00:25:44,760
Speaker 1: Deal Part three that you have it coming not too soon,

477
00:25:44,920 --> 00:25:47,320
Speaker 1: so you know what time it's for then it's time

478
00:25:47,359 --> 00:25:50,480
Speaker 1: for Chuck to plug our spoken word album. Go ahead. Wow,

479
00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:53,159
Speaker 1: it's been so long. Um it was on economics, if

480
00:25:53,160 --> 00:25:56,000
Speaker 1: I remember correctly, The Stuff you Should Know a super

481
00:25:56,000 --> 00:25:58,119
Speaker 1: Stuff out of the Economy. Yeah, you can buy it

482
00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:00,720
Speaker 1: in your iTunes store for what was planal price four

483
00:26:00,760 --> 00:26:06,120
Speaker 1: bucks something like that, something like that. Nice and and

484
00:26:06,160 --> 00:26:09,040
Speaker 1: again we got really good feedback on it. We did. Yeah,

485
00:26:09,200 --> 00:26:12,440
Speaker 1: and that was a good experience. So yeah, there's Chuck

486
00:26:12,480 --> 00:26:15,520
Speaker 1: plugging our audio book, The Stuff you Should Know super

487
00:26:15,520 --> 00:26:17,720
Speaker 1: Stuff Guide to the Economy. I can't believe I remember

488
00:26:17,760 --> 00:26:20,320
Speaker 1: the name. And it's just World Time Safe and that

489
00:26:20,359 --> 00:26:25,680
Speaker 1: means that it is listener mail time. All right, Chuck,

490
00:26:25,680 --> 00:26:28,360
Speaker 1: what do you have for us, baby compass head Catcher's mit.

491
00:26:28,520 --> 00:26:32,200
Speaker 1: I have something I'm just gonna call shocking listener mail.

492
00:26:33,080 --> 00:26:34,520
Speaker 1: We have a lot of that lately. Yeah. We had

493
00:26:34,520 --> 00:26:38,520
Speaker 1: a fan that wrote in that UM was struck by lightning. Yeah,

494
00:26:38,640 --> 00:26:41,040
Speaker 1: but not just the fan, but her dog too. Yeah,

495
00:26:41,080 --> 00:26:43,560
Speaker 1: And she just kind of off handedly mentioned it because

496
00:26:43,560 --> 00:26:47,640
Speaker 1: she was talking about she read that spontaneous human combustion

497
00:26:47,720 --> 00:26:50,399
Speaker 1: could be caused by lightning, and I was struck by lightning,

498
00:26:50,400 --> 00:26:52,040
Speaker 1: by the way, And that was kind of it, and

499
00:26:52,080 --> 00:26:53,480
Speaker 1: I wrote her back. It was like, no, no, no, no,

500
00:26:53,720 --> 00:26:55,720
Speaker 1: you need to give me some details here because I

501
00:26:55,760 --> 00:26:57,040
Speaker 1: would like to read this on the air. And I've

502
00:26:57,040 --> 00:26:59,280
Speaker 1: never talked to anyone who I was struck by lightning. Yeah,

503
00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:01,600
Speaker 1: so here we go. It turns out it was a

504
00:27:01,640 --> 00:27:04,879
Speaker 1: side strike, which I never heard of. Uh, And she

505
00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:07,879
Speaker 1: says a side strike is a really well phenomenon of lightning.

506
00:27:08,520 --> 00:27:10,639
Speaker 1: It struck about a half a block from me. It

507
00:27:10,680 --> 00:27:13,000
Speaker 1: was incredibly bright, and I was blinded for a few

508
00:27:13,320 --> 00:27:16,679
Speaker 1: minutes afterward. I was not back about six feet but

509
00:27:16,760 --> 00:27:19,760
Speaker 1: still landed on my feet and I couldn't hear for

510
00:27:19,800 --> 00:27:22,600
Speaker 1: a good half hour afterward. It was a booming and

511
00:27:22,640 --> 00:27:25,760
Speaker 1: crackling yet incredibly quiet, which I thought it was interesting.

512
00:27:26,800 --> 00:27:29,000
Speaker 1: I can't totally explain the sound except to compare it

513
00:27:29,040 --> 00:27:31,320
Speaker 1: to the sound you get when you skydive, which didn't

514
00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:33,919
Speaker 1: help me. It's I've never been skydivan. It's kind of

515
00:27:34,920 --> 00:27:38,680
Speaker 1: have you done it? No, no way, it's terrifying. Okay,

516
00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:41,160
Speaker 1: I believe it the rush of wind booms around you,

517
00:27:41,200 --> 00:27:44,960
Speaker 1: but it's definitely still would you agree with that? Yeah,

518
00:27:45,160 --> 00:27:47,879
Speaker 1: similar sort of Oh you were all hammered when you

519
00:27:47,880 --> 00:27:50,919
Speaker 1: did it? When you're talking about remember uh. In my

520
00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:53,800
Speaker 1: research about lightning strikes and strike victims, I found it

521
00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:57,159
Speaker 1: incredible that a side strike can occur UH up to

522
00:27:57,280 --> 00:27:59,960
Speaker 1: a mile away from something and you can still receive

523
00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:02,800
Speaker 1: the electrical charge. I saw the lightning strike, but I

524
00:28:02,800 --> 00:28:04,800
Speaker 1: didn't feel any pain, so I assumed I wasn't hit.

525
00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:07,040
Speaker 1: It wasn't n till later in the day when Burnmark

526
00:28:07,119 --> 00:28:09,600
Speaker 1: showed up. I don't think I lost consciousness, but I

527
00:28:09,640 --> 00:28:13,200
Speaker 1: was totally routed on the spot where I was standing.

528
00:28:14,560 --> 00:28:18,760
Speaker 1: Rooted is r O U T. I'm not sure. If

529
00:28:18,760 --> 00:28:20,840
Speaker 1: it wasn't for my dog, I probably would have continued

530
00:28:20,880 --> 00:28:22,480
Speaker 1: to stand there for a while. Yeah, I guess she

531
00:28:22,520 --> 00:28:25,600
Speaker 1: was rooted. That makes sense. My dog was so frightened

532
00:28:25,640 --> 00:28:27,880
Speaker 1: that she just took off running. I was holding onto

533
00:28:27,920 --> 00:28:30,679
Speaker 1: the leason couldn't let go, so I sort of ran

534
00:28:30,800 --> 00:28:32,960
Speaker 1: blindly after her to her house. I was an emotional

535
00:28:33,000 --> 00:28:37,960
Speaker 1: blur for a decent while afterwards. Consequently, my dog's black

536
00:28:38,000 --> 00:28:42,080
Speaker 1: fur is now very speckled with white hair. And let

537
00:28:42,080 --> 00:28:45,960
Speaker 1: me see actually coincides with another of our podcast. Oh yeah,

538
00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:50,240
Speaker 1: and she had singes across her fingers and toes, little

539
00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:53,920
Speaker 1: burn blisters and as far as long term damage. And

540
00:28:54,040 --> 00:28:58,560
Speaker 1: you see she has affected her balance sum and messes

541
00:28:58,600 --> 00:29:01,200
Speaker 1: with her inner ear at her frontal lobe is fine,

542
00:29:01,320 --> 00:29:05,080
Speaker 1: and she's taking neurological exams in psychological testing and she

543
00:29:05,200 --> 00:29:07,640
Speaker 1: is fine and normal and considers herself very lucky. I

544
00:29:07,800 --> 00:29:10,160
Speaker 1: consider her very lucky too. That is doll. That is

545
00:29:10,200 --> 00:29:12,200
Speaker 1: Hannah of Tennessee. And we're very glad that you and

546
00:29:12,240 --> 00:29:15,720
Speaker 1: your little girl Pucci are all Okay, Hannah, I would

547
00:29:15,800 --> 00:29:18,640
Speaker 1: strongly recommend that you play the lotto as often as

548
00:29:18,680 --> 00:29:21,840
Speaker 1: you can. Yeah. So yeah, If you want to tell

549
00:29:21,880 --> 00:29:26,880
Speaker 1: us any amazing true stories about lightning, shark attacks, far fights, whatever,

550
00:29:27,280 --> 00:29:30,760
Speaker 1: you can send us an email. That's what they call

551
00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:33,120
Speaker 1: in these stags, right, chuck electronic men. You can send

552
00:29:33,160 --> 00:29:43,080
Speaker 1: that to stuff podcast at how stuff works dot com

553
00:29:43,120 --> 00:29:45,560
Speaker 1: for more on this and thousands of other topics. Is

554
00:29:45,560 --> 00:29:55,760
Speaker 1: it how stuff works dot Com brought to you by

555
00:29:55,800 --> 00:29:59,240
Speaker 1: the reinvented two thousand twelve Camra. It's ready, are you