1 00:00:01,360 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class, a production 2 00:00:04,400 --> 00:00:13,960 Speaker 1: of iHeartRadio. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Holly 3 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:15,680 Speaker 1: Frye and I'm Tracy V. 4 00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:20,119 Speaker 2: Wilson. And well before the storming of the Bastille and 5 00:00:20,160 --> 00:00:23,480 Speaker 2: the dethroning of Francis, King Louis the sixteenth and his 6 00:00:23,600 --> 00:00:29,400 Speaker 2: wife Marie Antoinette, there were plenty of instances of uprisings 7 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:32,919 Speaker 2: and infighting and scandals among the royals and nobility who 8 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:34,240 Speaker 2: occupied the French court. 9 00:00:34,560 --> 00:00:35,360 Speaker 1: And there's one. 10 00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:37,640 Speaker 2: Woman who was part of that scene in the later 11 00:00:37,760 --> 00:00:40,479 Speaker 2: years of Louis the thirteenth reign and the transition to 12 00:00:40,560 --> 00:00:44,159 Speaker 2: Louis the fourteenth, who I just find ceaselessly fascinating, and 13 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:48,080 Speaker 2: that is Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans. And part of why 14 00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 2: she's so fascinating is because she has been described over 15 00:00:51,159 --> 00:00:55,200 Speaker 2: the years by historians as having been one of the 16 00:00:55,280 --> 00:01:01,720 Speaker 2: richest heiresses in history, as an insurgent, as an unaccomplished woman, 17 00:01:02,120 --> 00:01:05,919 Speaker 2: as an amazon, as a writer, and even as a fool. 18 00:01:06,040 --> 00:01:08,080 Speaker 2: And the thing that makes it really interesting is that 19 00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:11,959 Speaker 2: she sort of was all of those things. She led 20 00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:16,160 Speaker 2: just an incredibly privileged life that enabled her a great 21 00:01:16,200 --> 00:01:20,800 Speaker 2: deal of freedom, more than most people, and unlike most 22 00:01:20,840 --> 00:01:23,200 Speaker 2: women in the court of France at the time, she 23 00:01:23,360 --> 00:01:27,479 Speaker 2: was never forced into a marriage, although her potential as 24 00:01:27,959 --> 00:01:31,920 Speaker 2: marriable was a big issue for France for a long time. 25 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:35,400 Speaker 2: So today we're gonna unravel her story and how closely 26 00:01:35,480 --> 00:01:39,520 Speaker 2: tied she was to the son King's birth as well 27 00:01:39,560 --> 00:01:43,680 Speaker 2: as his eventual reign. As a note, I just want 28 00:01:43,680 --> 00:01:46,880 Speaker 2: to point out because in doing research on her it 29 00:01:46,959 --> 00:01:49,640 Speaker 2: was easy to get multiple things. There are multiple women 30 00:01:49,680 --> 00:01:51,680 Speaker 2: whose names if you type them up we'll come up 31 00:01:51,680 --> 00:01:55,120 Speaker 2: with they'll all get kind of lumped together in your results. 32 00:01:55,120 --> 00:01:59,720 Speaker 2: But this is Anne Marie Luise Dorleon, not Anne Marie Dorleon. 33 00:02:00,640 --> 00:02:03,240 Speaker 2: Those two women were born about forty years apart. Anne 34 00:02:03,240 --> 00:02:07,240 Speaker 2: Marie Louise is the earlier of the two. Anne Marie 35 00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:10,920 Speaker 2: Louise Dorlean was born May twenty ninth, sixteen twenty seven 36 00:02:11,040 --> 00:02:14,640 Speaker 2: in Paris, specifically in the Louver when it was still 37 00:02:14,680 --> 00:02:17,880 Speaker 2: being used as a royal residence. She was a princess 38 00:02:17,919 --> 00:02:22,519 Speaker 2: of France. Her mother was Marie de bourbonmont Ponsier, Duchess 39 00:02:22,680 --> 00:02:27,480 Speaker 2: of Montponsier. Marie was the only heir of the wealthy 40 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:32,320 Speaker 2: Montposier family, so it had been a very strategic move 41 00:02:32,520 --> 00:02:36,240 Speaker 2: to marry her to Gaston, Duke Dorlean. This was an 42 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:39,680 Speaker 2: arrangement that had been orchestrated by King Louis the thirteenth 43 00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:43,600 Speaker 2: and Cardinal Richelieu. Gaston was the son of King Henry 44 00:02:43,639 --> 00:02:47,160 Speaker 2: the fourth of France and the brother of King Louis 45 00:02:47,320 --> 00:02:48,079 Speaker 2: the thirteenth. 46 00:02:49,200 --> 00:02:52,800 Speaker 1: Marie de Bourbonmont Pontier died less than a week after 47 00:02:52,840 --> 00:02:55,520 Speaker 1: Anne Marie Louise was born. You'll sometimes see that she 48 00:02:55,639 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: died in childbirth. I saw various dates, but it appears 49 00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:02,480 Speaker 1: that that happened during childbirth did result in her death 50 00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:06,920 Speaker 1: very shortly after Amory Louise, and at that point the 51 00:03:07,080 --> 00:03:10,680 Speaker 1: infant inherited a great deal of money and assets, and 52 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:14,440 Speaker 1: this made her, according to a nineteen fifty nine biography 53 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:18,240 Speaker 1: by Victoria Sackville West, the richest baby in France and 54 00:03:18,320 --> 00:03:22,160 Speaker 1: possibly the world. She was moved to Tulerie and cared 55 00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:25,200 Speaker 1: for by a large and dedicated staff, with a governess 56 00:03:25,200 --> 00:03:28,680 Speaker 1: known as Madame de Saint George serving as her mother figure. 57 00:03:29,880 --> 00:03:32,840 Speaker 1: She was frequently visited by the King and Queen, and 58 00:03:32,919 --> 00:03:36,120 Speaker 1: as she grew up she was an outgoing and vivacious child, 59 00:03:36,240 --> 00:03:39,520 Speaker 1: who was called La Mademoiselle and then eventually Lan Grande 60 00:03:39,560 --> 00:03:44,960 Speaker 1: Mademoiselle to acknowledge her high rank. Mademoiselle does not just 61 00:03:45,040 --> 00:03:47,320 Speaker 1: indicate that she was an unmarried woman. This is an 62 00:03:47,360 --> 00:03:50,640 Speaker 1: inheritance of title from her father, who has brother to 63 00:03:50,720 --> 00:03:54,480 Speaker 1: the king, was known by Monsieur as a title, and 64 00:03:54,960 --> 00:03:59,120 Speaker 1: speaking of her father, he was largely absent, and it 65 00:03:59,160 --> 00:04:02,000 Speaker 1: seems that Anne Marie Louise didn't really get the whole story. 66 00:04:02,280 --> 00:04:04,040 Speaker 1: There are a few different things that we'll talk about, 67 00:04:04,080 --> 00:04:07,880 Speaker 1: but her father, when she was particularly young, had remarried 68 00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:11,160 Speaker 1: in secret to Marguerite of Larene. That was a marriage 69 00:04:11,240 --> 00:04:14,120 Speaker 1: the King did not approve of, so Gustave was pretty 70 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:18,080 Speaker 1: absent from court. But when father and daughter were reunited, 71 00:04:18,200 --> 00:04:22,720 Speaker 1: Anne Marie Louise described herself being completely overjoyed to see him. 72 00:04:23,120 --> 00:04:27,080 Speaker 1: Given her standing in lineage from two important lines, it 73 00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:31,080 Speaker 1: was natural for Montpontier to expect that she too would 74 00:04:31,080 --> 00:04:35,479 Speaker 1: have a marriage arranged or orchestrated by the crown to 75 00:04:35,600 --> 00:04:41,160 Speaker 1: an impressive husband. Really everyone expected this. In the two 76 00:04:41,200 --> 00:04:44,400 Speaker 1: thousand and seven book Against Marriage, the correspondence of La 77 00:04:44,480 --> 00:04:49,479 Speaker 1: Grande Mademoiselle, translated by Jean de Jon. This situation is 78 00:04:49,560 --> 00:04:52,760 Speaker 1: concisely summed up this way quote. In early modern Europe, 79 00:04:52,880 --> 00:04:55,919 Speaker 1: the marriage of an aristocratic woman was always a thoroughly 80 00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:59,080 Speaker 1: political matter. It was understood by all that she was 81 00:04:59,120 --> 00:05:02,719 Speaker 1: first and foremost a commodity. She belonged to her family, 82 00:05:02,839 --> 00:05:05,880 Speaker 1: whose role it was to negotiate the exchange of her 83 00:05:05,920 --> 00:05:10,120 Speaker 1: hand for whatever it needed, most money, social advancement, a 84 00:05:10,160 --> 00:05:15,919 Speaker 1: military alliance. But Momtposier occupied a really unique position in 85 00:05:15,960 --> 00:05:20,400 Speaker 1: this practice because she was basically independently wealthy. She had 86 00:05:20,440 --> 00:05:24,000 Speaker 1: inherited so many assets from her mother well before she 87 00:05:24,080 --> 00:05:27,839 Speaker 1: was able to even understand what wealth was, and the 88 00:05:27,880 --> 00:05:30,679 Speaker 1: matter of a marriage arrangement for her was a source 89 00:05:30,720 --> 00:05:34,719 Speaker 1: of ongoing conflict. Efforts were made to match her to 90 00:05:34,920 --> 00:05:38,520 Speaker 1: various men, but because she did not need any of them, 91 00:05:38,640 --> 00:05:41,360 Speaker 1: she had more agency than was usual for a woman 92 00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:46,200 Speaker 1: to say no to any such arrangements. On September fifth, 93 00:05:46,279 --> 00:05:49,600 Speaker 1: sixteen thirty eight, Louis the fourteenth was born, and there 94 00:05:49,680 --> 00:05:53,520 Speaker 1: was immediate speculation that Anne Marie Louise might be betrothed 95 00:05:53,560 --> 00:05:57,560 Speaker 1: to the future king. This is allegedly sparked by his mother, 96 00:05:57,680 --> 00:06:02,400 Speaker 1: Anne of Austria, who apparently mentioned this jokingly that pairing 97 00:06:02,720 --> 00:06:06,320 Speaker 1: did not materialize, but the possibility of it was gossiped 98 00:06:06,320 --> 00:06:09,360 Speaker 1: about at all levels of society for quite a while. 99 00:06:10,240 --> 00:06:14,479 Speaker 1: Montpalsier is also said to have called Louis her little husband, 100 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:17,880 Speaker 1: which undoubtedly helped stoke such gossip, but she was also 101 00:06:18,040 --> 00:06:20,000 Speaker 1: a kid at the time. She was very young and 102 00:06:20,040 --> 00:06:23,160 Speaker 1: may have only meant it in jest. She visited him 103 00:06:23,200 --> 00:06:26,239 Speaker 1: frequently in his early days the Chateau de Saint Germain, 104 00:06:26,320 --> 00:06:28,719 Speaker 1: because his mother adored her and wanted her with her. 105 00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:31,719 Speaker 1: She later wrote in her memoirs, quote, the birth of 106 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:34,920 Speaker 1: Monsieur de Dauphin gave me a new occupation. I went 107 00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:36,919 Speaker 1: to see him every day, and I called him my 108 00:06:36,960 --> 00:06:40,479 Speaker 1: little husband. The king was diverted by this, and he 109 00:06:40,600 --> 00:06:42,680 Speaker 1: thought that I did well. 110 00:06:42,720 --> 00:06:45,080 Speaker 2: But though King Louis the thirteenth might have thought she 111 00:06:45,240 --> 00:06:49,039 Speaker 2: was a delightful child, Cardinal Richelieu really did not. She 112 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:52,840 Speaker 2: described his response to her instant affection for her newborn 113 00:06:52,880 --> 00:06:56,560 Speaker 2: cousin Louis the fourteenth, and her memoirs as well, quote 114 00:06:57,240 --> 00:07:00,160 Speaker 2: Cardinal de Richelieu, who does not like me to as 115 00:07:00,440 --> 00:07:03,680 Speaker 2: myself to being there, nor to have them accustomed to 116 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:07,279 Speaker 2: seeing me there, had me given orders to return to Paris. 117 00:07:07,960 --> 00:07:10,400 Speaker 2: The Queen and Madame d' hautefert did all that was 118 00:07:10,440 --> 00:07:13,880 Speaker 2: possible to keep me. They could not obtain their wish, 119 00:07:13,920 --> 00:07:17,320 Speaker 2: which I regretted. It was all tears and cries when 120 00:07:17,320 --> 00:07:21,240 Speaker 2: I left there. Their majesties gave many proofs of friendship, 121 00:07:21,400 --> 00:07:24,400 Speaker 2: especially the Queen, who made me aware of a particular 122 00:07:24,520 --> 00:07:29,000 Speaker 2: tenderness on that occasion. After this displeasure, I had still 123 00:07:29,040 --> 00:07:32,200 Speaker 2: another to endure. They made me pass through Yu to 124 00:07:32,240 --> 00:07:35,400 Speaker 2: see the cardinal who usually lived there when the King 125 00:07:35,520 --> 00:07:39,280 Speaker 2: was at Saint Germain. He took it so to heart 126 00:07:39,480 --> 00:07:43,000 Speaker 2: that I had called the little Dauphin my little husband, 127 00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:47,040 Speaker 2: that he gave me a great reprimand he said that 128 00:07:47,120 --> 00:07:50,240 Speaker 2: I was too large to use such terms, that I 129 00:07:50,280 --> 00:07:53,840 Speaker 2: had been ill behaved to do so. He spoke so seriously, 130 00:07:54,200 --> 00:07:57,000 Speaker 2: just as if I had been a person of judgment, that, 131 00:07:57,080 --> 00:08:01,000 Speaker 2: without answering him, I began to weep. To pacify me, 132 00:08:01,160 --> 00:08:03,840 Speaker 2: he gave me collation, but I did not pass it over. 133 00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:06,920 Speaker 2: I came away from there very angry at all he 134 00:08:07,000 --> 00:08:11,040 Speaker 2: had said to me. Charles the second of England was 135 00:08:11,080 --> 00:08:14,200 Speaker 2: the next candidate, as a husband of note, who came 136 00:08:14,200 --> 00:08:16,600 Speaker 2: into the picture when he was exiled to France in 137 00:08:16,680 --> 00:08:20,600 Speaker 2: sixteen forty six. Montposier was nineteen at the time, so 138 00:08:20,680 --> 00:08:23,280 Speaker 2: the idea of a marriage between the two royals was 139 00:08:23,400 --> 00:08:27,160 Speaker 2: a natural one to be contemplated, but she turned that 140 00:08:27,240 --> 00:08:30,880 Speaker 2: marriage down, recognizing that her assets were more valuable to 141 00:08:30,960 --> 00:08:34,319 Speaker 2: Charles Stewart than anything he could offer her. As an 142 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:38,440 Speaker 2: exile in sixteen forty seven, Anne Marie Louise had another 143 00:08:38,520 --> 00:08:42,800 Speaker 2: potential spouse, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand the Third. There was 144 00:08:42,840 --> 00:08:46,079 Speaker 2: a different problem there. France and the Habsburg Empire were 145 00:08:46,120 --> 00:08:48,319 Speaker 2: at war, and that could not be part of the 146 00:08:48,360 --> 00:08:52,959 Speaker 2: peace negotiations. Apparently. In a biography of Anne Marie Louise 147 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:56,839 Speaker 2: written in nineteen oh two by Arved Barn and translated 148 00:08:56,880 --> 00:08:59,880 Speaker 2: by Helen E. Meyer, it described this period of her 149 00:08:59,880 --> 00:09:04,160 Speaker 2: lif life this way quote, Mademoiselle was courted and ardently admired. 150 00:09:04,640 --> 00:09:05,800 Speaker 1: The people worshiped her. 151 00:09:06,080 --> 00:09:09,120 Speaker 2: Paris was determined to place her upon the throne of France. 152 00:09:09,800 --> 00:09:12,199 Speaker 2: Well employed though her time had been, she had done 153 00:09:12,280 --> 00:09:15,400 Speaker 2: nothing to distinguish herself, nothing to give her a place 154 00:09:15,440 --> 00:09:18,800 Speaker 2: among heroines like the Princess de Conde and the enticing 155 00:09:18,840 --> 00:09:22,280 Speaker 2: Madame de Longville. But the year sixteen fifty two was 156 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:24,839 Speaker 2: on its way and it was to bring her her 157 00:09:24,920 --> 00:09:28,320 Speaker 2: long awaited glory. We will get to the source of 158 00:09:28,320 --> 00:09:31,040 Speaker 2: that glory in a moment, because we need to establish 159 00:09:31,120 --> 00:09:34,760 Speaker 2: some contexts regarding the fraud, and we're going to dig 160 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:38,640 Speaker 2: into the Fronde and eventually how Amory Louise was involved 161 00:09:38,679 --> 00:09:41,040 Speaker 2: in it. Right after we paused for a sponsor break 162 00:09:50,679 --> 00:09:54,280 Speaker 2: in sixteen fifty one, the twenty four year old Amrie Louise, 163 00:09:54,440 --> 00:09:58,160 Speaker 2: having grown somewhat frustrated with the crown, became involved with 164 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:01,400 Speaker 2: the effort to fight the central assa of the monarchy's power. 165 00:10:01,720 --> 00:10:05,200 Speaker 1: This conflict became known as the Fronde, and the Frond 166 00:10:05,240 --> 00:10:08,880 Speaker 1: had begun in sixteen forty eight. This is an important 167 00:10:08,880 --> 00:10:12,000 Speaker 1: moment in French history because had the Frond not happened, 168 00:10:12,480 --> 00:10:15,199 Speaker 1: Louis the fourteenth may not have become as powerful as 169 00:10:15,240 --> 00:10:19,040 Speaker 1: he ultimately was. The conflict called the Frond is actually 170 00:10:19,360 --> 00:10:22,199 Speaker 1: a series of conflicts, kind of like many civil wars. 171 00:10:22,520 --> 00:10:24,680 Speaker 1: Sometimes you'll see this referred to as a civil war, 172 00:10:24,720 --> 00:10:27,280 Speaker 1: and other times it could have been a civil war 173 00:10:27,360 --> 00:10:30,480 Speaker 1: had it gotten any bigger. So just know you'll see 174 00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:33,840 Speaker 1: it characterized different ways, and it's the series of conflicts 175 00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:38,920 Speaker 1: within France as concerns over the monarchy's power grew. Sometimes too, 176 00:10:39,080 --> 00:10:41,000 Speaker 1: you will see the Frond referred to as a civil 177 00:10:41,040 --> 00:10:44,880 Speaker 1: war singular, instead of a series of civil wars or 178 00:10:44,920 --> 00:10:48,040 Speaker 1: a series of conflicts. It's written about in all the 179 00:10:48,080 --> 00:10:52,000 Speaker 1: different ways. There is one big thing called the Frond, 180 00:10:52,040 --> 00:10:55,440 Speaker 1: and under that umbrella there are multiple separate issues going on, 181 00:10:55,480 --> 00:10:59,199 Speaker 1: which we'll talk about. Though it began officially in sixteen 182 00:10:59,280 --> 00:11:02,480 Speaker 1: forty eight, the seeds of the Frond were shown earlier 183 00:11:02,559 --> 00:11:06,320 Speaker 1: that decade, when Cardinal Richelieu and Louis the thirteenth died 184 00:11:06,440 --> 00:11:09,640 Speaker 1: in sixteen forty two. In sixteen forty three. 185 00:11:10,240 --> 00:11:12,640 Speaker 2: Louis the fourteenth was heir to the throne, but he 186 00:11:12,800 --> 00:11:16,559 Speaker 2: was only five when his father, the King died. His mother, 187 00:11:16,679 --> 00:11:19,840 Speaker 2: Anne of Austria, served as regent for her child king, 188 00:11:20,240 --> 00:11:23,439 Speaker 2: and she was aided in this role by Cardinal Mazarin. 189 00:11:24,440 --> 00:11:28,439 Speaker 2: You may remember from our episode on Marie and Hortense Mancini. 190 00:11:29,200 --> 00:11:32,080 Speaker 2: He was an Italian who had been hand selected to 191 00:11:32,120 --> 00:11:35,720 Speaker 2: be part of the French government by Richelieu. France at 192 00:11:35,760 --> 00:11:38,040 Speaker 2: this time was facing a number of issues. It had 193 00:11:38,080 --> 00:11:41,079 Speaker 2: been engaged in an expensive, long term war with the 194 00:11:41,120 --> 00:11:45,920 Speaker 2: Spanish Habsburg's. Various members of the nobility saw the arrangement 195 00:11:45,960 --> 00:11:49,560 Speaker 2: with Anne of Austria as regent as weak. They sought 196 00:11:49,559 --> 00:11:53,359 Speaker 2: to exert their own influence on the country's political dealings. 197 00:11:53,920 --> 00:11:57,920 Speaker 2: This included King Louis the Thirteenth's younger brother, Gaston that 198 00:11:58,120 --> 00:12:02,800 Speaker 2: was Anne Marie Louise's father. Additionally, the Parisian Catholic Church, 199 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:07,120 Speaker 2: led by Cardinal Deuretz, saw an opportunity to gain more power. 200 00:12:08,080 --> 00:12:10,680 Speaker 2: All of them thought this was a vacuum they could fill. 201 00:12:11,960 --> 00:12:14,960 Speaker 2: The tax known as La Paulette had been instituted in 202 00:12:15,080 --> 00:12:18,400 Speaker 2: sixteen oh four under King Henry the Fourth. So this 203 00:12:18,600 --> 00:12:22,199 Speaker 2: tax was paid to the crown by holders of government offices. 204 00:12:22,640 --> 00:12:25,439 Speaker 2: It secured their right to the office and conferred them 205 00:12:25,480 --> 00:12:28,920 Speaker 2: the power to transfer that office. It might help to 206 00:12:28,960 --> 00:12:31,360 Speaker 2: think of this as sort of like a lease on power, 207 00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:34,600 Speaker 2: paid to retain that power annually, with the ability to 208 00:12:34,760 --> 00:12:38,520 Speaker 2: pass that position through hereditary lines, and the money collected 209 00:12:38,559 --> 00:12:41,800 Speaker 2: from it supported the crown with a steady, reliable income. 210 00:12:42,640 --> 00:12:45,600 Speaker 2: But in sixteen forty eight, La Paulette was up for 211 00:12:45,679 --> 00:12:49,320 Speaker 2: a renewal, and Mazarin and Anne of Austria thought that 212 00:12:49,400 --> 00:12:51,680 Speaker 2: it would be a good bargaining chip to get other 213 00:12:51,840 --> 00:12:56,480 Speaker 2: things that they wanted, including additional taxation to fund the military, 214 00:12:57,280 --> 00:13:00,960 Speaker 2: but Anne and Mazarin overplayed their hands. Instead, the judges 215 00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:04,679 Speaker 2: of Paris banded together against the monarchy to demand reform, 216 00:13:05,320 --> 00:13:07,440 Speaker 2: and they had the support of the church and a 217 00:13:07,520 --> 00:13:11,160 Speaker 2: portion of the nobility. This all began at an assembly 218 00:13:11,280 --> 00:13:15,320 Speaker 2: known as the Chambre Saint Louis. Mazarin in particular was 219 00:13:15,360 --> 00:13:18,280 Speaker 2: a problem for the Frond, and he was characterized as 220 00:13:18,280 --> 00:13:23,679 Speaker 2: an untrustworthy foreigner. Things became so heated that Anne, Mazarin 221 00:13:23,760 --> 00:13:25,640 Speaker 2: and the nine year old At this point Louis the 222 00:13:25,679 --> 00:13:29,000 Speaker 2: fourteenth left Paris for Saint Germain, just outside the city. 223 00:13:29,840 --> 00:13:32,920 Speaker 2: But this was only the first phase of the Fronde. 224 00:13:33,280 --> 00:13:36,440 Speaker 2: The judges of the city parliament, the Regent, Anne and 225 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:40,920 Speaker 2: her advisor negotiated a resolution to their conflict. This deal 226 00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:43,679 Speaker 2: got the magistrates a lot of the things that they wanted, 227 00:13:43,679 --> 00:13:46,400 Speaker 2: and they were promised amnesty for their part in the 228 00:13:46,440 --> 00:13:50,600 Speaker 2: conflicts that had broken out, But in doing so they 229 00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:53,680 Speaker 2: had excluded the nobility, which meant that when they announced 230 00:13:53,760 --> 00:13:57,160 Speaker 2: the deal that ended the Frond, of parliaments called the 231 00:13:57,200 --> 00:14:00,880 Speaker 2: Peace of Rey. A second phase of the Frond. The 232 00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:04,360 Speaker 2: Frond of the Princes started, and this is when Anne 233 00:14:04,360 --> 00:14:08,160 Speaker 2: Marie Louise and her father Gustave got deeply involved in 234 00:14:08,240 --> 00:14:11,360 Speaker 2: the fighting. In some ways, the Frond of the Princes 235 00:14:11,440 --> 00:14:14,160 Speaker 2: was a more complex affair than the Frond of Parliament, 236 00:14:14,240 --> 00:14:18,320 Speaker 2: because there were various deals being made among nobles to 237 00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:21,800 Speaker 2: support each other, to turn on others, to exclude some 238 00:14:21,920 --> 00:14:24,320 Speaker 2: members of the nobility, et cetera. It was like a 239 00:14:24,360 --> 00:14:28,800 Speaker 2: lot of cliquish, interconnected deals being made. But the big 240 00:14:28,840 --> 00:14:32,119 Speaker 2: turn of events that happened was from within the monarchy's 241 00:14:32,160 --> 00:14:36,400 Speaker 2: own defenses. Louis the second de Bourbon, the fourth Prince 242 00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:39,320 Speaker 2: of Conde, who was a general who had fought to 243 00:14:39,400 --> 00:14:42,000 Speaker 2: protect the monarchy in the first phase of the Frond, 244 00:14:42,600 --> 00:14:46,760 Speaker 2: turned against the crown in the second phase. Mazarin had 245 00:14:46,840 --> 00:14:51,000 Speaker 2: him arrested. That stoked anger against Mazarin to a degree 246 00:14:51,040 --> 00:14:56,160 Speaker 2: that in early sixteen fifty one he left the country. That, however, 247 00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:59,640 Speaker 2: did not end the conflict. All of those various allegiances 248 00:14:59,680 --> 00:15:03,000 Speaker 2: and orals within the rebelling nobility were still in play 249 00:15:03,120 --> 00:15:07,760 Speaker 2: as everyone jockeyed for power, and then the young, barely 250 00:15:07,800 --> 00:15:11,720 Speaker 2: teenage Louis the fourteenth was recognized as king in sixteen 251 00:15:11,800 --> 00:15:16,360 Speaker 2: fifty one. This stopped short the efforts of many nobles 252 00:15:16,400 --> 00:15:19,080 Speaker 2: who had sought to gain more influence in the absence 253 00:15:19,120 --> 00:15:22,400 Speaker 2: of a fully vested king, and it especially stopped the 254 00:15:22,440 --> 00:15:25,600 Speaker 2: efforts of Louis the second of vermon And while there 255 00:15:25,640 --> 00:15:28,440 Speaker 2: were additional efforts at resting power from the throne, they 256 00:15:28,480 --> 00:15:32,880 Speaker 2: did not succeed. The fraud is named that after the 257 00:15:32,920 --> 00:15:36,360 Speaker 2: fact because a frond was a kid's toy. It was 258 00:15:36,440 --> 00:15:38,920 Speaker 2: kind of like a slingshot, and the name suggests that 259 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:42,920 Speaker 2: the whole lengthy episode was ultimately kind of silly infighting 260 00:15:42,960 --> 00:15:46,320 Speaker 2: and not a serious threat to the monarchy. On the contrary, 261 00:15:46,360 --> 00:15:48,880 Speaker 2: it ended up bolstering support for the monarchy in its 262 00:15:48,920 --> 00:15:53,040 Speaker 2: final stages, enabling Louis the fourteenth to ultimately rule at 263 00:15:53,080 --> 00:15:58,640 Speaker 2: an almost unprecedented level of power. Momtponsier's father, Gaston, had 264 00:15:58,680 --> 00:16:02,600 Speaker 2: initially supported and Mazarin in the Fronde, but as the 265 00:16:02,640 --> 00:16:06,240 Speaker 2: aristocracy mounted the Frond of the Princes, he was against 266 00:16:06,240 --> 00:16:09,360 Speaker 2: the king's mother and her advisor, and he was no 267 00:16:09,520 --> 00:16:13,280 Speaker 2: stranger to conflict with the throne, having instigated a number 268 00:16:13,320 --> 00:16:17,040 Speaker 2: of rebellions against his brother during Louis the thirteenth reign. 269 00:16:18,040 --> 00:16:21,800 Speaker 2: Gaston and Anne Marie Louise were quite close, though he 270 00:16:21,880 --> 00:16:24,640 Speaker 2: was often gone during her childhood because of his involvement 271 00:16:24,720 --> 00:16:26,480 Speaker 2: with all these various intrigues. 272 00:16:26,960 --> 00:16:31,080 Speaker 1: Yeah, we mentioned his problematic marriage, but he also was 273 00:16:31,160 --> 00:16:36,520 Speaker 1: constantly like, let's revolt against my brother. Now, this involvement 274 00:16:36,560 --> 00:16:38,920 Speaker 1: in the fraud is the phase of Anne Marie Louise's 275 00:16:38,960 --> 00:16:41,080 Speaker 1: life that I and I think a lot of people 276 00:16:41,120 --> 00:16:45,920 Speaker 1: find most fascinating. She got directly involved in the battles 277 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:48,880 Speaker 1: of the Fraud in the sixteen fifties, and by directly involved, 278 00:16:48,920 --> 00:16:52,360 Speaker 1: I mean on the ground fighting. She was not the 279 00:16:52,400 --> 00:16:54,960 Speaker 1: only woman of nobility to do so. She is often 280 00:16:55,000 --> 00:16:57,880 Speaker 1: mentioned with two others, the Duchess de Chevreuse and the 281 00:16:57,960 --> 00:17:01,560 Speaker 1: Duchess de Longueville. All all of these women led troops 282 00:17:01,640 --> 00:17:04,320 Speaker 1: on horseback into conflicts. That's why the three of them 283 00:17:04,320 --> 00:17:07,680 Speaker 1: are sometimes grouped together and called the Amazons. On March 284 00:17:07,720 --> 00:17:11,240 Speaker 1: twenty seventh, sixteen fifty two, Montponcier took command of an 285 00:17:11,400 --> 00:17:15,600 Speaker 1: army that battered its way into Orleans and occupied the city. 286 00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:19,760 Speaker 1: On July second, sixteen fifty two, at the Battle of Faubourg, 287 00:17:19,800 --> 00:17:24,200 Speaker 1: Saint Antoine Conde's troops were in trouble. The conflict was 288 00:17:24,240 --> 00:17:27,080 Speaker 1: within the city, near the Bastille, and credit is given 289 00:17:27,160 --> 00:17:30,920 Speaker 1: to Montponcier for ordering the Bastille cannon to be fired 290 00:17:31,040 --> 00:17:34,520 Speaker 1: into the royal army. This gave the rebel forces under 291 00:17:34,560 --> 00:17:39,080 Speaker 1: Conde a reprieve. While Conde survived the day thanks to 292 00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:42,960 Speaker 1: the Grand Mademoiselle, the rebellion ultimately was defeated. 293 00:17:43,040 --> 00:17:46,360 Speaker 2: Conde was arrested and with Louis the fourteenth back in Paris, 294 00:17:46,840 --> 00:17:50,040 Speaker 2: ann Marie Louise found herself no longer welcome in the city. 295 00:17:50,440 --> 00:17:51,399 Speaker 1: She was exiled. 296 00:17:51,800 --> 00:17:53,560 Speaker 2: This was not as though she was sent to some 297 00:17:53,680 --> 00:17:57,760 Speaker 2: desolate place of misery. She went to the Ynge region, 298 00:17:57,880 --> 00:18:01,359 Speaker 2: where she had an estate at Saint Fogo, about one 299 00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:03,919 Speaker 2: hundred and eighty five kilometers or one hundred and fifteen 300 00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:07,720 Speaker 2: miles south of Paris. Her father was also exiled, but 301 00:18:07,800 --> 00:18:11,439 Speaker 2: returned to Paris with a royal reconciliation in sixteen fifty seven. 302 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:15,439 Speaker 2: And while she was living in exile in the country, 303 00:18:15,480 --> 00:18:18,160 Speaker 2: mom Polsier certainly was not sulking. 304 00:18:18,640 --> 00:18:20,960 Speaker 1: She still lived like a royal. She had a court 305 00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:24,920 Speaker 1: of attendance, and she had social connections. She spent time 306 00:18:24,960 --> 00:18:28,720 Speaker 1: overseeing upgrades and decor to the Saint Frago estate, and 307 00:18:28,760 --> 00:18:31,639 Speaker 1: there were all manner of entertainment stage for her and 308 00:18:31,680 --> 00:18:34,840 Speaker 1: her friends. Sometimes this is called like her Petite Court. 309 00:18:35,760 --> 00:18:39,320 Speaker 1: She also started writing during this time, with assistance and 310 00:18:39,400 --> 00:18:43,600 Speaker 1: teaching from poet and novel Jeangno de Sergree and scholar 311 00:18:43,640 --> 00:18:47,119 Speaker 1: Pierre Daniell Lue, and the level of formal education she 312 00:18:47,280 --> 00:18:50,600 Speaker 1: ever received is unknown. It is not generally described as 313 00:18:50,720 --> 00:18:53,879 Speaker 1: much at all when she was younger, so this time 314 00:18:53,960 --> 00:18:56,080 Speaker 1: of taking up writing would have really been a time 315 00:18:56,080 --> 00:18:59,520 Speaker 1: of great learning for her, and it was probably really challenging. 316 00:19:00,359 --> 00:19:02,400 Speaker 1: One of the things that she wrote about in her 317 00:19:02,400 --> 00:19:05,720 Speaker 1: correspondence during this time was how when she was living 318 00:19:05,720 --> 00:19:08,000 Speaker 1: in Paris, she had always thought life in the country 319 00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:10,560 Speaker 1: would be just miserable, but it turned out that she 320 00:19:10,760 --> 00:19:11,520 Speaker 1: quite liked it. 321 00:19:11,960 --> 00:19:15,400 Speaker 2: Montponsier did return to the court at Paris eventually. We'll 322 00:19:15,440 --> 00:19:17,920 Speaker 2: talk about her life after that after we hear from 323 00:19:17,960 --> 00:19:31,199 Speaker 2: the sponsors that keep the show going. Montpolsier returned to 324 00:19:31,240 --> 00:19:34,399 Speaker 2: Paris five years after her exile in sixteen fifty seven. 325 00:19:34,920 --> 00:19:37,560 Speaker 2: She started working on her memoirs once she was there, 326 00:19:38,280 --> 00:19:41,639 Speaker 2: and there had been sort of a cruel angle to 327 00:19:41,720 --> 00:19:46,320 Speaker 2: the timing of her exile period, because in deeming that 328 00:19:46,400 --> 00:19:48,600 Speaker 2: five years was how long she had to stay away, 329 00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:51,439 Speaker 2: that meant she would be away from court from the 330 00:19:51,480 --> 00:19:54,840 Speaker 2: age of twenty five until she was thirty, so that 331 00:19:54,880 --> 00:19:57,920 Speaker 2: by the time she had returned she had aged out 332 00:19:57,960 --> 00:20:02,480 Speaker 2: of desirability as a perspective on this, however, did not 333 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:05,200 Speaker 2: seem to trouble her, and she also didn't seem eager 334 00:20:05,240 --> 00:20:08,199 Speaker 2: to stay in Paris. She left for another period of 335 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:11,199 Speaker 2: country living to write, this time at another estate she 336 00:20:11,280 --> 00:20:14,880 Speaker 2: owned about two hundred and ninety five kilometers southwest of Paris, 337 00:20:15,200 --> 00:20:19,760 Speaker 2: Champigni Cheveude. She worked on a project there called Diverse Portrait, 338 00:20:20,119 --> 00:20:23,320 Speaker 2: which contained fifty nine biographical portraits of people of the 339 00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:26,080 Speaker 2: royal court. She was not the only writer on it. 340 00:20:26,480 --> 00:20:29,720 Speaker 2: That piece was privately published in early sixteen fifty nine. 341 00:20:30,440 --> 00:20:32,920 Speaker 2: When she was traveling with other members of the court 342 00:20:32,960 --> 00:20:36,560 Speaker 2: in early sixteen sixty to the wedding proceedings of Louis 343 00:20:36,640 --> 00:20:40,199 Speaker 2: the fourteenth to Maria Theresa of Spain, she started to 344 00:20:40,240 --> 00:20:43,800 Speaker 2: discuss an idea that really sounds quite modern with some 345 00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:46,399 Speaker 2: of the other people on the trip. Was the idea 346 00:20:46,480 --> 00:20:49,160 Speaker 2: of a community of people who might choose to leave 347 00:20:49,200 --> 00:20:53,840 Speaker 2: the court, stay single and live communally. Sounds kind of 348 00:20:53,880 --> 00:20:57,000 Speaker 2: like the fantasy of owning a brownstone with all your 349 00:20:57,000 --> 00:20:58,080 Speaker 2: friends as your neighbors. 350 00:20:58,440 --> 00:21:00,600 Speaker 1: Who among us has not had that fantasy. 351 00:21:01,680 --> 00:21:06,480 Speaker 2: The correspondence she shared with Francoise Berto de Montville about 352 00:21:06,480 --> 00:21:10,120 Speaker 2: this idea is the basis of the biography we mentioned earlier. 353 00:21:10,920 --> 00:21:13,400 Speaker 2: Motvilla had been married off at eighteen to a man 354 00:21:13,440 --> 00:21:16,760 Speaker 2: who was ninety, but she did not inherit anything when 355 00:21:16,800 --> 00:21:19,959 Speaker 2: he died just two years later. She was probably a 356 00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:24,480 Speaker 2: sympathetic ear to Montponcier's ideas of just flipping the table 357 00:21:24,560 --> 00:21:26,879 Speaker 2: on what was expected of women in the nobility at 358 00:21:26,880 --> 00:21:27,240 Speaker 2: the time. 359 00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:31,560 Speaker 1: One of Montpontier's early letters to Montvilla reads quote, it 360 00:21:31,600 --> 00:21:34,480 Speaker 1: is essential, in my opinion, that the people who would 361 00:21:34,600 --> 00:21:37,400 Speaker 1: like to withdraw from the court or from society distance 362 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:41,359 Speaker 1: themselves from those places without feeling obliged to leave them, 363 00:21:41,640 --> 00:21:44,399 Speaker 1: but rather because they are aware of how little constancy 364 00:21:44,480 --> 00:21:46,840 Speaker 1: can be found in this type of life, and even 365 00:21:46,880 --> 00:21:50,159 Speaker 1: among one's friends. One can also find one's self at 366 00:21:50,160 --> 00:21:53,480 Speaker 1: an age when ambition is less compelling and when reasonable 367 00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:56,720 Speaker 1: people are easily cured of it. She goes on to 368 00:21:56,760 --> 00:22:01,280 Speaker 1: describe the ideal companions and placement of her theoretical dream community, 369 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:04,320 Speaker 1: writing quote, I would rather there were no married people, 370 00:22:04,400 --> 00:22:07,440 Speaker 1: and that everyone would either be widowed or have renounced 371 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:10,920 Speaker 1: this sacrament, for it is said to be an unfortunate undertaking. 372 00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:14,200 Speaker 1: You know how lucky we are to be out of it. 373 00:22:14,800 --> 00:22:16,879 Speaker 1: For my part in this matter, I have come to 374 00:22:16,920 --> 00:22:19,119 Speaker 1: this decision in such a way as those who do 375 00:22:19,200 --> 00:22:21,760 Speaker 1: not know me will not guess who I am by 376 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:24,399 Speaker 1: what I say about it. It would be good to 377 00:22:24,400 --> 00:22:27,320 Speaker 1: come to an absolute agreement about the place where we 378 00:22:27,359 --> 00:22:30,000 Speaker 1: would live, and to consider whether we would choose the 379 00:22:30,040 --> 00:22:33,159 Speaker 1: banks of the Loire or those of the sin. She 380 00:22:33,400 --> 00:22:36,600 Speaker 1: describes a place where they could grow fruits and vegetables, 381 00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:39,919 Speaker 1: and have other gardens that they could watch grow. She 382 00:22:40,040 --> 00:22:42,600 Speaker 1: notes that each person would have a house that suited 383 00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:45,879 Speaker 1: their tastes, both in design and in placement, and that 384 00:22:45,960 --> 00:22:48,960 Speaker 1: it would be a place where community areas would enable 385 00:22:49,000 --> 00:22:52,879 Speaker 1: them to play games together and have concerts and other entertainment. 386 00:22:53,560 --> 00:22:56,520 Speaker 1: She is very clear that this commune she envisions isn't 387 00:22:56,520 --> 00:22:59,399 Speaker 1: intended to cut the residents off from the society that 388 00:22:59,400 --> 00:23:02,760 Speaker 1: they've known. It It's a rather charming. 389 00:23:02,400 --> 00:23:06,040 Speaker 2: Section where she says she would absolutely go to events 390 00:23:06,080 --> 00:23:08,880 Speaker 2: when invited, but that quote, I believe that I would 391 00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:11,760 Speaker 2: be bored, and that I would be very happy to 392 00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:14,520 Speaker 2: return home. But I would not let it show for 393 00:23:14,680 --> 00:23:19,920 Speaker 2: fear that this affectation would make others despise me, or 394 00:23:19,960 --> 00:23:23,040 Speaker 2: would expose me to a mockery. All the more dangerous 395 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:26,000 Speaker 2: because it is well founded and that it is brought 396 00:23:26,040 --> 00:23:31,040 Speaker 2: on by ridiculous behavior. Yeah, she's kind of like, I know, 397 00:23:31,119 --> 00:23:33,600 Speaker 2: this is a kooky dream. 398 00:23:33,680 --> 00:23:38,760 Speaker 1: Not everybody's gonna get it well. Polsier's rural republic, as 399 00:23:38,800 --> 00:23:40,600 Speaker 1: she dreamed of it, would be a place of leisure 400 00:23:40,720 --> 00:23:44,719 Speaker 1: and socializing. She wanted it to have a hospital for 401 00:23:44,840 --> 00:23:48,400 Speaker 1: poor children and quote a beautiful church staffed by capable 402 00:23:48,440 --> 00:23:51,960 Speaker 1: and zealous clerics. She wanted livestock so the residents could 403 00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:55,199 Speaker 1: milk them and make cheeses and cakes. She envisioned this 404 00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:58,000 Speaker 1: as a very religious community, and she wanted it to 405 00:23:58,119 --> 00:24:01,879 Speaker 1: also include a carmelite convent as well as abodes for 406 00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:06,200 Speaker 1: hermits in the woods. There are a lot of detailed 407 00:24:06,280 --> 00:24:09,919 Speaker 1: letters back and forth between Montpalsier and her friend Moltaville 408 00:24:10,119 --> 00:24:11,880 Speaker 1: about all the ways that they were going to set 409 00:24:11,960 --> 00:24:15,439 Speaker 1: up this commune, which of course never actually happened, but 410 00:24:15,560 --> 00:24:19,560 Speaker 1: it does seem that Amory Louise was deeply emotionally invested 411 00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:23,040 Speaker 1: in the idea. She wrote, quote, my most agreeable hours 412 00:24:23,119 --> 00:24:26,239 Speaker 1: are spent dreaming about our plan and thanking God that 413 00:24:26,280 --> 00:24:28,320 Speaker 1: the obstacles that could have stood in its way in 414 00:24:28,359 --> 00:24:31,679 Speaker 1: the past have finally been removed, with no signs of 415 00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:35,919 Speaker 1: new ones ahead. That means marriage, She continues, quote I 416 00:24:35,960 --> 00:24:38,240 Speaker 1: find myself like those little birds who have been in 417 00:24:38,280 --> 00:24:40,480 Speaker 1: a cage for a long time, and who are so 418 00:24:40,760 --> 00:24:44,520 Speaker 1: overjoyed to fly wherever they like. While she was back 419 00:24:44,560 --> 00:24:47,119 Speaker 1: in Paris and in the good graces of the court, 420 00:24:47,119 --> 00:24:50,960 Speaker 1: her father Gaston died in sixteen sixty. That left her 421 00:24:51,040 --> 00:24:54,679 Speaker 1: with even more of an immense fortune. One of the 422 00:24:54,720 --> 00:24:56,760 Speaker 1: things that she did at this time was purchased the 423 00:24:56,880 --> 00:25:01,320 Speaker 1: Chateau Dux in Normandy. The grand chateau had been started 424 00:25:01,359 --> 00:25:04,479 Speaker 1: as a construction project in fifteen seventy eight by Henry, 425 00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:05,840 Speaker 1: the first Duke of Keys. 426 00:25:06,280 --> 00:25:09,720 Speaker 2: It was still unfinished eighty years later when Anne Marie 427 00:25:09,760 --> 00:25:13,600 Speaker 2: Louise purchased it. She had the construction completed and set 428 00:25:13,600 --> 00:25:18,000 Speaker 2: about decorating it with fine art Also during this time, 429 00:25:18,119 --> 00:25:21,879 Speaker 2: her cousin Louis the fourteenth, was looking for potential marriage 430 00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:26,640 Speaker 2: alliances for her, because he understood completely how valuable her 431 00:25:26,640 --> 00:25:29,320 Speaker 2: holdings were and he wanted them to be used to 432 00:25:29,440 --> 00:25:34,199 Speaker 2: secure additional power for France. This culminated in conflict with 433 00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:38,360 Speaker 2: the king once again, and in sixteen sixty two, Montponcier 434 00:25:38,520 --> 00:25:42,320 Speaker 2: was once again exiled. This time she had refused a 435 00:25:42,440 --> 00:25:45,680 Speaker 2: royal match. A marriage deal had been struck that would 436 00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:49,120 Speaker 2: wed her to the King of Portugal, Alfonso the sixth, 437 00:25:49,600 --> 00:25:52,800 Speaker 2: but ann Marie Louise was not having it. Louis the 438 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:55,679 Speaker 2: fourteenth was angry enough about this that he sent her 439 00:25:55,720 --> 00:25:59,080 Speaker 2: away again, this time for two years. She returned to 440 00:25:59,200 --> 00:26:02,160 Speaker 2: court in sixteen sixty four, but is described as having 441 00:26:02,200 --> 00:26:06,560 Speaker 2: been kind of distant and less central to its various 442 00:26:06,640 --> 00:26:10,840 Speaker 2: goings on. In December of sixteen seventy, it seemed that 443 00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:15,959 Speaker 2: Montponcier would finally marry, this time because she actually wanted to. 444 00:26:16,720 --> 00:26:19,000 Speaker 2: She had fallen in love with the Count de Lauzoon, 445 00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:23,879 Speaker 2: Antonine Nampar de Camman. This whole situation was kind of odd, 446 00:26:24,000 --> 00:26:26,840 Speaker 2: given all that had come before it, and other reasons 447 00:26:26,880 --> 00:26:30,720 Speaker 2: as well. Montponsier had been keenly aware of her fortune's 448 00:26:30,760 --> 00:26:33,639 Speaker 2: value in a marriage match. She had always stated that 449 00:26:33,680 --> 00:26:37,040 Speaker 2: she didn't want a potential husband who just needed her assets. 450 00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:39,879 Speaker 1: But the Count de Lauzoon was not in line for 451 00:26:39,960 --> 00:26:44,639 Speaker 1: any kind of valued position or inheritance. He had no wealth. 452 00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:46,920 Speaker 1: He was not the kind of man who would ever 453 00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:50,879 Speaker 1: be considered a match for her. The two of them, though, 454 00:26:50,920 --> 00:26:53,919 Speaker 1: asked King Louis the fourteenth for permission to marry, and 455 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:57,720 Speaker 1: he granted that permission on December fifteenth, sixteen seventy. 456 00:26:58,240 --> 00:27:02,159 Speaker 2: Mont Poncier immediately started and transferring some of her titles 457 00:27:02,160 --> 00:27:06,040 Speaker 2: to her future husband. This would have raised his rank 458 00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:09,280 Speaker 2: at court and made the match less lopsided, at least 459 00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:13,959 Speaker 2: on paper, but that was premature. The approval she had 460 00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:16,399 Speaker 2: been given by the King was something of a shock 461 00:27:16,520 --> 00:27:19,200 Speaker 2: to the court. It was seen as Louis the fourteenth 462 00:27:19,240 --> 00:27:21,760 Speaker 2: being soft on a woman who had gone against him 463 00:27:21,840 --> 00:27:24,119 Speaker 2: at every turn, even with violence. 464 00:27:24,760 --> 00:27:25,920 Speaker 1: The King quickly. 465 00:27:25,600 --> 00:27:29,800 Speaker 2: Reversed his decision and rescinded the permission three days after 466 00:27:29,840 --> 00:27:30,560 Speaker 2: he had given it. 467 00:27:31,160 --> 00:27:34,280 Speaker 1: Yeah, there's also the patina of you're going to marry 468 00:27:34,320 --> 00:27:39,919 Speaker 1: a poor into our court. Montponsier and Lauzun protested this reversal, 469 00:27:40,000 --> 00:27:42,399 Speaker 1: but it did no good, and it probably just annoyed 470 00:27:42,440 --> 00:27:45,560 Speaker 1: Louis the fourteenth, because a year later he had Lauzun, 471 00:27:45,680 --> 00:27:48,679 Speaker 1: who had been a member of his guard, imprisoned in 472 00:27:48,720 --> 00:27:52,080 Speaker 1: the remote fortress at Pinole in the Alps. This is 473 00:27:52,119 --> 00:27:54,880 Speaker 1: the same place that the French convict who became known 474 00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:57,679 Speaker 1: as the Man in the Iron Mask, was imprisoned before 475 00:27:57,720 --> 00:28:01,760 Speaker 1: being moved to the Bastille a. Marie Louise worked to 476 00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:06,920 Speaker 1: get Lauzoon freed for the next decade, and then, finally, 477 00:28:06,960 --> 00:28:11,320 Speaker 1: in sixteen eighty, Montponcier made the sacrifice of personal wealth 478 00:28:11,400 --> 00:28:14,959 Speaker 1: to gain Lauzoon's freedom. She gave up a lot of 479 00:28:15,000 --> 00:28:18,159 Speaker 1: her estate, which became the property of Louis Auguste, the 480 00:28:18,240 --> 00:28:22,080 Speaker 1: King's son with his mistress Francoise, at Dene de Rocheois 481 00:28:22,160 --> 00:28:27,800 Speaker 1: de Montemart, Marquis of Monte di Spon. Some biographies about 482 00:28:27,800 --> 00:28:31,840 Speaker 1: Montponcier suggest that Madame de Montespon had been instrumental in 483 00:28:31,920 --> 00:28:36,320 Speaker 1: having Lauzun imprisoned because she saw the potential opportunity to 484 00:28:36,440 --> 00:28:42,200 Speaker 1: seize Amrie Louise's assets for her son. Sometime after Lauzun's release, 485 00:28:42,360 --> 00:28:45,720 Speaker 1: although the exact date is not known, he and Anne 486 00:28:45,720 --> 00:28:50,080 Speaker 1: Marie Louise were married in a secret ceremony, secret because 487 00:28:50,120 --> 00:28:52,920 Speaker 1: Louis the fourteenth had never given them permission to wed 488 00:28:53,640 --> 00:28:57,600 Speaker 1: after having given it and then resented it, and there's 489 00:28:57,640 --> 00:29:01,680 Speaker 1: some speculation that there never was a formal marriage. This 490 00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:05,000 Speaker 1: is not a happily ever after. She had spent at 491 00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:08,840 Speaker 1: that point eleven or twelve years fighting to be with him, 492 00:29:08,880 --> 00:29:12,280 Speaker 1: but it turned out that Montponsier and Lauzun were ill 493 00:29:12,400 --> 00:29:16,120 Speaker 1: suited to have a life together. This marriage only lasted 494 00:29:16,120 --> 00:29:18,680 Speaker 1: a couple of years. Lauzun is said to have been 495 00:29:18,760 --> 00:29:21,960 Speaker 1: kind of a womanizer and not especially attentive to the 496 00:29:21,960 --> 00:29:24,440 Speaker 1: woman who had agreed to be with him, despite being 497 00:29:24,960 --> 00:29:28,720 Speaker 1: so far above his station, Anne Marie Louise ended things 498 00:29:28,760 --> 00:29:33,760 Speaker 1: abruptly and sent him away. After that, she lived alone, 499 00:29:34,240 --> 00:29:38,120 Speaker 1: working on her memoirs. She still had a number of estates, 500 00:29:38,320 --> 00:29:39,960 Speaker 1: even though she had given a lot up, and she 501 00:29:40,080 --> 00:29:42,200 Speaker 1: moved from one to another in the last decade of 502 00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:45,240 Speaker 1: her life. She reportedly lived for a short time at 503 00:29:45,280 --> 00:29:47,680 Speaker 1: the end of her life in a convent in Paris. 504 00:29:47,880 --> 00:29:50,240 Speaker 1: There's a lot of speculation about whether she had considered 505 00:29:50,240 --> 00:29:53,280 Speaker 1: becoming a nun throughout her life. She died in that 506 00:29:53,360 --> 00:29:57,880 Speaker 1: convent on April fifth, sixteen ninety three, from a bladder issue. 507 00:29:58,200 --> 00:30:00,600 Speaker 1: Lauzoon It said, attempted to see her when she was 508 00:30:00,640 --> 00:30:03,560 Speaker 1: on her deathbed, but she refused his visit. She was 509 00:30:03,600 --> 00:30:07,320 Speaker 1: sixty five when she died. Because she had never married 510 00:30:07,440 --> 00:30:10,760 Speaker 1: or had any children, her cousin, Philippe, the first Duke 511 00:30:10,840 --> 00:30:15,040 Speaker 1: d'orleon inherited all of her assets and Montponcier was buried 512 00:30:15,440 --> 00:30:20,000 Speaker 1: in the Basilica de Sant Denis. There's also some details 513 00:30:20,040 --> 00:30:23,400 Speaker 1: about her funeral which are a little horrifying, and we're 514 00:30:23,440 --> 00:30:24,720 Speaker 1: gonna save those for Friday. 515 00:30:24,840 --> 00:30:31,200 Speaker 2: Oh no, but that is the life of Anne Marie 516 00:30:31,240 --> 00:30:36,880 Speaker 2: Louise Montpontier, who I just like heaps. I just feel 517 00:30:36,920 --> 00:30:38,720 Speaker 2: like she's an interesting person. I feel like she was 518 00:30:38,720 --> 00:30:40,240 Speaker 2: probably a lot of fun to be around. She's the 519 00:30:40,280 --> 00:30:44,960 Speaker 2: party girl, but also possibly a pill's herd. Yeah, she 520 00:30:45,040 --> 00:30:46,920 Speaker 2: knew her own heart. I have to say that she's 521 00:30:47,760 --> 00:30:52,440 Speaker 2: got props. You have listener mail I have. I know, 522 00:30:52,520 --> 00:30:55,720 Speaker 2: I keep doing things about our various calendar things. But 523 00:30:55,760 --> 00:30:58,040 Speaker 2: a lot of people had comments and thoughts about them 524 00:30:58,040 --> 00:31:01,720 Speaker 2: that were interesting. This one got me very excited. It's 525 00:31:01,800 --> 00:31:07,640 Speaker 2: Reurlessener Jessica. Uh who actually titled it? Another Advent calendar email. 526 00:31:08,600 --> 00:31:10,920 Speaker 2: Jessica writes, Hi, I don't know if either of you 527 00:31:11,000 --> 00:31:14,600 Speaker 2: are puzzle people, but my sister stumbled on Advent puzzles 528 00:31:14,680 --> 00:31:18,680 Speaker 2: last year. My family suffers from an inability to not 529 00:31:18,720 --> 00:31:20,760 Speaker 2: finish a puzzle the same day we started. But with 530 00:31:20,840 --> 00:31:23,440 Speaker 2: the Advent puzzle, you get many puzzles each day that 531 00:31:23,520 --> 00:31:26,320 Speaker 2: make the whole picture. She bought one for each household, 532 00:31:26,360 --> 00:31:29,880 Speaker 2: so we trade them out on Thanksgiving. Attached a picture 533 00:31:29,920 --> 00:31:32,479 Speaker 2: of mine this year. Yes, one piece is missing. I 534 00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:34,920 Speaker 2: was doing the last day outside because the puppy also 535 00:31:35,040 --> 00:31:38,080 Speaker 2: attached solo and in matching Christmas jammies with his older 536 00:31:38,120 --> 00:31:40,960 Speaker 2: sister needed to run out some energy and one piece 537 00:31:41,040 --> 00:31:43,720 Speaker 2: ended up going through the deck slats, atlantic clay dirt 538 00:31:43,760 --> 00:31:45,880 Speaker 2: underneath the deck, and with the rain in the past 539 00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:48,560 Speaker 2: few days, that piece is a goner. I hope you've 540 00:31:48,560 --> 00:31:52,320 Speaker 2: had a RESTful winter holiday season. Jessica. Okay, this is brilliant. 541 00:31:52,360 --> 00:31:56,760 Speaker 2: I love this idea event puzzles. I'm gonna look for those. Also, 542 00:31:57,320 --> 00:32:04,600 Speaker 2: puppies puppies and pajamas I want the cutest. 543 00:32:06,160 --> 00:32:10,480 Speaker 1: These are puffy little things. They look almost like maybe 544 00:32:10,520 --> 00:32:13,320 Speaker 1: Australian shepherds or a cattle dog. I can't quite tell. 545 00:32:13,400 --> 00:32:16,080 Speaker 1: I'm sorry if I have misidentified your sweet babies, but 546 00:32:16,160 --> 00:32:19,840 Speaker 1: they are both gorgeous. They need hugs and kisses on 547 00:32:19,880 --> 00:32:23,960 Speaker 1: their snooch. See. I love finding out about all of 548 00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:27,400 Speaker 1: the advent calendars that people have found because it's just 549 00:32:27,400 --> 00:32:29,640 Speaker 1: gonna feed my little addiction and I'm going to live 550 00:32:29,680 --> 00:32:32,840 Speaker 1: in a pile of them soon. If you have a 551 00:32:32,840 --> 00:32:36,400 Speaker 1: cool advent calendar we have not yet heard, please tell me, 552 00:32:36,920 --> 00:32:40,440 Speaker 1: because you know what I need is more stuff. If 553 00:32:40,480 --> 00:32:41,120 Speaker 1: you would like to. 554 00:32:41,080 --> 00:32:43,880 Speaker 2: Do that, you could do that through the Email History 555 00:32:43,920 --> 00:32:46,880 Speaker 2: podcast at iHeartRadio dot com. You can also find us 556 00:32:46,920 --> 00:32:49,480 Speaker 2: on social media as Missed in History, and if you 557 00:32:49,480 --> 00:32:52,160 Speaker 2: haven't subscribed yet, you can do that on the iHeartRadio 558 00:32:52,160 --> 00:33:00,600 Speaker 2: app or anywhere you listen to your favorite shows. Stuff 559 00:33:00,600 --> 00:33:03,400 Speaker 2: you Missed in History Class is a production of iHeartRadio. 560 00:33:03,720 --> 00:33:08,280 Speaker 2: For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 561 00:33:08,440 --> 00:33:12,760 Speaker 2: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.