WEBVTT - Part One: The Armed Nonviolent Civil Rights Movement 0:00:00.640 --> 0:00:03.000 Hello, and welcome to Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff. 0:00:03.120 --> 0:00:06.880 It's a podcast. It does what it says in the title. 0:00:07.560 --> 0:00:10.440 I'm your host, Margaret Kiljoy, and with me today is 0:00:10.520 --> 0:00:14.000 my guest Joel Monique, who is a pop cultural critic, 0:00:14.160 --> 0:00:17.239 and it seems to do so much of everything that 0:00:17.280 --> 0:00:19.440 I have a hard time pending her down. How are you? 0:00:20.239 --> 0:00:22.880 Um good? You know, it's a gray morning, but in 0:00:23.000 --> 0:00:25.320 l A that counts as weather, so I'm really trying 0:00:25.360 --> 0:00:27.960 to vibe with it. Um, you know, I got my 0:00:28.000 --> 0:00:31.360 hot tea. I'm ready to go learn about some nice people. 0:00:32.080 --> 0:00:35.400 Is it below seventy degrees there? It is below seventy 0:00:35.440 --> 0:00:41.120 degrees here, sweaters on. I'm under a blanket currently. Oh 0:00:41.120 --> 0:00:43.839 that's nice, it's lovely. I'm in the mountains and my 0:00:43.880 --> 0:00:47.839 heat is broken. Oh no, Margaret, it's okay. I have 0:00:47.920 --> 0:00:52.600 like six backup heats sources because I'm like that, that's good. 0:00:52.760 --> 0:00:55.320 That's good someone who came from a snowy climate. Um, 0:00:55.360 --> 0:00:58.320 you need multiple sources of heat at all times, just 0:00:58.560 --> 0:01:01.720 in caith. Yeah, no, absolutely, Like my house is like 0:01:01.720 --> 0:01:04.360 like right now, I'm running electric heat space heaters, and 0:01:04.400 --> 0:01:06.520 if that breaks, I have a wood burning stove, like 0:01:06.560 --> 0:01:11.480 it's it's fine. Yes anyway, Joel, What's what's your favorite 0:01:11.520 --> 0:01:14.200 of your many jobs besides being a guest on this post? 0:01:15.680 --> 0:01:22.120 That is a really tough question. Probably like hosting live 0:01:22.200 --> 0:01:26.440 events is my favorite because it's like all the aspects 0:01:26.480 --> 0:01:30.640 of performance, but you get to like perform your ultimate self, 0:01:30.680 --> 0:01:33.720 you know what I mean. It's just as an extroverted introvert, 0:01:33.800 --> 0:01:36.640 like getting to perform all the extrovertedness, you know, for 0:01:36.760 --> 0:01:38.640 a crowd is a lot of fun, and you get 0:01:38.680 --> 0:01:41.640 to you know, get their feelings and maybe you make 0:01:41.680 --> 0:01:43.920 your guests cry, but in like a good way, you know, 0:01:44.040 --> 0:01:46.720 and like all that energy is really lovely. And then 0:01:46.760 --> 0:01:51.640 I would say writing after that is definitely a favorite. Okay, Okay, 0:01:51.680 --> 0:01:53.880 that makes a lot of sense to me. I I 0:01:53.960 --> 0:01:56.800 really like performing and then going and hiding. That's like, 0:01:56.840 --> 0:01:59.080 oh no, for sure. Afterwards, Please don't talk to me. 0:01:59.200 --> 0:02:02.040 I was on set recently and we recorded for like 0:02:02.120 --> 0:02:05.480 four hours straight and then we broke for lunch and 0:02:05.520 --> 0:02:07.000 I did not leave the set, and they're like, are 0:02:07.000 --> 0:02:09.160 you hungry? I was like no, They're like, are you okay? 0:02:09.240 --> 0:02:11.000 And I was like, I just need to decompress and 0:02:11.040 --> 0:02:14.280 not talk to anyone. For whatever long we have until 0:02:14.320 --> 0:02:17.320 the next take, like I just cannot ye, so totally, 0:02:17.520 --> 0:02:21.880 totally yeah. Absolutely. We're also joined as always by our 0:02:21.880 --> 0:02:26.200 producer Sophie. Hi, Sophie, Hey, Margaret, how are you? Oh 0:02:26.280 --> 0:02:33.920 wait that Sophy, it's the end. Yes, I'm finally on 0:02:34.040 --> 0:02:42.040 the podcast. Yeah. Ian is our audio engineer and also 0:02:42.080 --> 0:02:45.200 today our producer. Um, how are you doing, Ian? I'm 0:02:45.240 --> 0:02:48.640 doing pretty good. Yeah, it's a nice, cozy, cool morning, 0:02:48.720 --> 0:02:51.240 you know, got my sweatshirt on, ready to do some 0:02:51.280 --> 0:02:54.880 podcasts and all right. So on this show we talked 0:02:54.880 --> 0:02:58.240 about cool people in history, especially cool movements, cool complicated 0:02:58.280 --> 0:03:01.400 networks of cool people who actually usually pretty complicated. But 0:03:01.440 --> 0:03:04.080 this week, well actually this week is no different. I'm 0:03:04.120 --> 0:03:06.640 really excited to talk this week about the non violent 0:03:06.720 --> 0:03:08.840 civil rights movement the nineteen fifties and the sixties in 0:03:08.840 --> 0:03:11.600 the US South and along the way. I'm going to 0:03:11.680 --> 0:03:14.040 talk about the people who protected the non violent civil 0:03:14.120 --> 0:03:19.240 rights movement with firearms and stuff. Yes they won't get violent, 0:03:19.280 --> 0:03:22.520 but we sure will. Those are my favorite people. Yep, 0:03:22.639 --> 0:03:25.560 that is that is today's It is exactly the people 0:03:25.600 --> 0:03:28.359 who said, oh that's great, you're non violent. I'm got 0:03:28.360 --> 0:03:32.560 to protect you. I'm not nonviolent. You have somebody who's 0:03:32.560 --> 0:03:36.600 ready to do some absolutely exactly, and I think that 0:03:36.680 --> 0:03:40.400 they don't get enough credit. Um. And so we're gonna 0:03:40.400 --> 0:03:42.360 talk about the armed wing of the non violent civil 0:03:42.440 --> 0:03:44.400 rights movement, the paradox that isn't half as much of 0:03:44.400 --> 0:03:46.440 a paradox as it might seem. We're going to talk 0:03:46.480 --> 0:03:48.880 about the Deacons for Defense and Justice, which was a 0:03:48.960 --> 0:03:51.760 non ideological but well organized collection of black people who 0:03:51.760 --> 0:03:54.400 defended civil rights campaigners. We're going to talk about the 0:03:54.400 --> 0:03:57.720 North Carolina branch of the a c P that armed itself. 0:03:58.080 --> 0:04:00.480 And we're gonna talk about the all the unaffiliate groups 0:04:00.480 --> 0:04:04.760 and individuals who relied often quite effectively on their capacity 0:04:04.760 --> 0:04:08.760 to defend themselves in the struggle for self determination and 0:04:08.760 --> 0:04:12.240 all that kind of stuff. Because we've been doing anyone 0:04:12.280 --> 0:04:15.040 who's listening to podcast, we've been covering like the Clan 0:04:15.240 --> 0:04:19.240 a bunch recently and not in the We've been talking 0:04:19.279 --> 0:04:22.520 about people who fight the clan. M not not the 0:04:22.520 --> 0:04:25.560 good people in the clan, but people who fought the Clan. 0:04:25.680 --> 0:04:31.440 I got yeah. Um, So you all will be shocked 0:04:31.440 --> 0:04:34.080 to know this. There's been a concerted effort in the 0:04:34.160 --> 0:04:38.719 United States of America by white supremacy to disenfranchise black people. 0:04:39.040 --> 0:04:45.400 You don't say, yeah, yeah, I only learned this, never mind. 0:04:49.360 --> 0:04:52.640 And wherever there's oppression, there's resistance to oppression, which is 0:04:52.640 --> 0:04:55.680 the core concept of this show. And so I'm going 0:04:55.720 --> 0:04:58.520 to frame the civil rights movements of the nine fifties 0:04:58.560 --> 0:05:00.000 of the seventies in the same way that I see 0:05:00.040 --> 0:05:02.080 it framed by a lot of historians and people who 0:05:02.120 --> 0:05:03.800 are there at the time as being kind of made 0:05:03.839 --> 0:05:06.159 up of two general parts. You've got the sort of 0:05:06.200 --> 0:05:09.000 civil rights era of the nineteen fifties and sixties, with 0:05:09.040 --> 0:05:11.320 a focus on non violence and sit ins and voter 0:05:11.400 --> 0:05:15.040 registration drives Um kind of most famously for my public 0:05:15.080 --> 0:05:19.080 school education, Martin Luther King. Um, I have a dream 0:05:19.120 --> 0:05:21.239 all of that stuff. And then you've got the black 0:05:21.240 --> 0:05:24.200 power era of the late nineteen sixties and early nineteen seventies, 0:05:24.520 --> 0:05:26.560 best remembered these days because of the work of the 0:05:26.560 --> 0:05:30.800 Black panthers. Um. So that's the classification that I've been 0:05:30.839 --> 0:05:33.640 presented with is, you know, every dichotomy is false, right, 0:05:33.680 --> 0:05:35.039 And we're going to talk about some of the ways 0:05:35.040 --> 0:05:38.360 that all these things blur together. But so people talk 0:05:38.400 --> 0:05:40.200 about it, they talk about the Civil rights era as 0:05:40.240 --> 0:05:42.800 like pacifist reformism, and the Black power era as like 0:05:42.839 --> 0:05:46.359 all armed revolutionaries. More and more people are starting to 0:05:46.360 --> 0:05:48.440 talk about what people have been talking about a lot 0:05:48.520 --> 0:05:50.200 of along the way, but more and more and more 0:05:50.240 --> 0:05:52.719 media is paying attention to the Black Panthers, for example, 0:05:52.760 --> 0:05:54.960 also had a lot of mutual aid programs and breakfast 0:05:54.960 --> 0:05:56.680 programs and all of these other things that are part 0:05:56.680 --> 0:06:00.599 of what made them so dangerous and powerful. Yeah, and 0:06:00.680 --> 0:06:03.360 one day we're gonna get into all that. Today we're 0:06:03.360 --> 0:06:05.000 gonna talk about kind of the inverse. We're gonna talk 0:06:05.000 --> 0:06:08.160 about how in the Civil Rights eara it's more complicated 0:06:08.160 --> 0:06:11.400 than it's sometimes presented. When you guys do the breakfast 0:06:11.400 --> 0:06:13.800 program for the Black Panthers, have me back, and I'll 0:06:13.800 --> 0:06:15.480 try to get some stories from my dad, who's a 0:06:15.520 --> 0:06:18.200 direct beneficiary of that program on the South Side of 0:06:18.240 --> 0:06:22.240 Chicago when he was growing up. Yeah. No, that would 0:06:22.240 --> 0:06:24.480 be amazing. Yeah, And that's actually one of the kind 0:06:24.480 --> 0:06:26.640 of things that's interesting is I keep like on the 0:06:26.680 --> 0:06:28.440 Today's episode, I like look through this and I'll like 0:06:28.480 --> 0:06:31.360 start writing like so and so was and then I'm like, wait, 0:06:31.360 --> 0:06:35.600 now is still alive? Yeah? You know, these people who 0:06:35.640 --> 0:06:38.159 are fighting in the fifties, sixties, seventies, many of them 0:06:38.200 --> 0:06:42.919 are still with us, which is fucking cool. So in 0:06:42.960 --> 0:06:45.880 previous episodes, especially last week's episodes, we talked about that 0:06:45.920 --> 0:06:48.640 most famous of voice supremacist organizations, the Ku Klux Klan, 0:06:49.279 --> 0:06:52.320 the and we're gonna go through the super basics of them, 0:06:52.720 --> 0:06:56.880 the speed run of these fucking worst people. And well, 0:06:56.920 --> 0:06:58.600 there's so many worse people in you with history, but 0:06:58.640 --> 0:07:02.200 these are some of the worst people in its history. Okay, 0:07:02.240 --> 0:07:05.479 So there's like three or four basic distinct phases of 0:07:05.480 --> 0:07:07.880 the clan. They were founded because of frat club for 0:07:07.920 --> 0:07:10.040 piece of ship white Southern racists. In the wake of 0:07:10.080 --> 0:07:13.000 the Civil War. They decided to rely on raw terror 0:07:13.040 --> 0:07:15.120 and violence in order to fight for white supremacy after 0:07:15.160 --> 0:07:19.080 having lost a war. This fell apart in eighteen seventy 0:07:19.120 --> 0:07:21.480 one because the federal government was like, you actually can't 0:07:21.480 --> 0:07:24.320 do that. And then white racists figured out a better 0:07:24.360 --> 0:07:28.560 strategy instead of nighttime terror was legal disenfranchisement and the 0:07:28.640 --> 0:07:32.080 Jim Crow laws that sucked everything up really bad. That's 0:07:32.120 --> 0:07:35.560 Clan number one, and then you got Clan number two. 0:07:36.000 --> 0:07:38.720 This is the weird multi level marketing scheme invented in 0:07:38.800 --> 0:07:41.800 nineteen fifteen by some people who are basically cosplaying the 0:07:41.840 --> 0:07:44.800 Old Clan. It was this huge social club for white 0:07:44.800 --> 0:07:47.560 Protestants that became the armed wing of the prohibition movements 0:07:47.560 --> 0:07:50.000 as well as the white supremacy movement. And they had 0:07:50.040 --> 0:07:52.520 this whole anti immigrant thing that not only had them 0:07:52.520 --> 0:07:55.480 fighting against black people, but also Jews and white Catholics 0:07:55.520 --> 0:07:59.960 and basically immigrants from anywhere. They just fucking hated everyone. 0:08:01.200 --> 0:08:03.120 Last week we talked about some of the organizations that 0:08:03.160 --> 0:08:06.960 work to stop them. They fell apart because like every 0:08:06.960 --> 0:08:10.600 financial scam, they fell into bitter infighting and disgrace, and 0:08:10.640 --> 0:08:12.680 their property was repossessed in all that ship by the 0:08:12.760 --> 0:08:17.800 end of the nineteen thirties, I know that, I know 0:08:18.240 --> 0:08:20.400 I want more. Well, we're starting to see all of 0:08:20.440 --> 0:08:23.320 these modern white supremacist movements fall apart into weird infighting, 0:08:23.360 --> 0:08:25.560 and it's been really lovely. Every time I get a 0:08:25.560 --> 0:08:27.520 little update like so and so I was going to prison, 0:08:27.520 --> 0:08:34.760 I'm like small victories or the like. I wish I 0:08:34.760 --> 0:08:36.120 had the notes in front of me about this, But 0:08:36.160 --> 0:08:38.400 there's like, I don't know, like ten years ago they 0:08:38.480 --> 0:08:40.320 like went around the anti fascist thing that some of 0:08:40.320 --> 0:08:44.080 the Nazi clan member people or whatever, like one of 0:08:44.120 --> 0:08:46.800 them killed the other because they like there was like 0:08:46.840 --> 0:08:54.800 some like incestuous like cheating that happened, like they taking 0:08:54.840 --> 0:08:59.880 themselves down, even inctionists who posted to Instagram. It's like 0:09:00.160 --> 0:09:06.160 he made everybody's job so much easier, I know, and 0:09:06.240 --> 0:09:08.600 so us kind of how the nineteen twenties clan went 0:09:08.640 --> 0:09:10.880 down even though there was they were five millions strong 0:09:10.920 --> 0:09:14.480 at their fucking peak. Uh, Eventually everyone realized that they 0:09:14.520 --> 0:09:18.200 were a bunch of like just random pieces of ship 0:09:18.320 --> 0:09:22.640 and people started distancing themselves from them. But the fucking 0:09:22.720 --> 0:09:26.360 clan is like a stupid racist hydra. And the third 0:09:26.360 --> 0:09:28.920 Clan popped back up pretty soon after the Second Clan 0:09:29.000 --> 0:09:31.679 went down, and this time they got back to their roots, 0:09:31.720 --> 0:09:35.320 which was terrorizing black people in order to maintain white supremacy. 0:09:36.160 --> 0:09:38.520 And you know, this is kind of back when you 0:09:38.559 --> 0:09:41.600 people were like really blatant about being white supremacists. Actually, 0:09:41.600 --> 0:09:43.920 we're getting back there, We're getting back to that point. 0:09:43.960 --> 0:09:47.120 But they never reached quite the numbers of the Second 0:09:47.120 --> 0:09:50.040 Clan because they were less of like a popular organization, right, 0:09:50.080 --> 0:09:53.800 and they were more just like just fucking terrorists right, 0:09:54.400 --> 0:09:57.280 they were really die hard, they were decentralized, and they 0:09:57.280 --> 0:10:00.720 got an awful lot of terrorism done. Um. They also 0:10:01.679 --> 0:10:04.000 there's like arguments to be made about whether they infiltrated 0:10:04.040 --> 0:10:05.920 the police or whether they just came out of the police, 0:10:06.160 --> 0:10:11.120 you know. Yeah, yeah, I'm on team the slave catchers 0:10:11.160 --> 0:10:14.320 turned into police. Yeah yeah, I think I think most 0:10:14.320 --> 0:10:16.400 people would agree with that. It is we just look 0:10:16.400 --> 0:10:21.400 at their badges and who's happening and the current forever 0:10:21.559 --> 0:10:26.120 police lineage of just you know, active lynching. Yeah, I 0:10:26.120 --> 0:10:31.200 think they're one in the same. So third clan has 0:10:31.240 --> 0:10:34.160 a lot of cops in it, or the cops have 0:10:34.240 --> 0:10:36.360 a lot of clan in it or whatever. We're just 0:10:36.440 --> 0:10:40.839 using synonyms. But wherever there's the bad people, there's the 0:10:40.880 --> 0:10:42.920 people trying to stop the bad people. And we're gonna 0:10:42.920 --> 0:10:46.080 talk about some of those cool people. And we're gonna 0:10:46.080 --> 0:10:50.000 talk today. We're going to talk a lot about, um, 0:10:50.040 --> 0:10:53.040 some of the non violent organizations, right uh, and then 0:10:53.800 --> 0:10:55.720 on Wednesday we're going to come back and talk more 0:10:55.720 --> 0:10:59.600 about a lot of the organizations that defended them, even 0:10:59.640 --> 0:11:02.080 though they're a whole decentralized defense of them that happened 0:11:02.120 --> 0:11:04.640 before that, and so we're gonna talk about two of 0:11:04.679 --> 0:11:08.000 the major non violent organizations today. We're gonna talk about 0:11:08.040 --> 0:11:10.920 CORE and we're gonna talk about SNICK. There's like a 0:11:10.960 --> 0:11:14.199 bunch more than this. SCLC will come into it a lot, 0:11:14.200 --> 0:11:16.040 The Double A CP will come into it a lot. 0:11:16.360 --> 0:11:18.360 But for what we're going to talk about Core and 0:11:18.400 --> 0:11:21.800 SNICK kind of where it's at. The oldest one of 0:11:21.840 --> 0:11:25.240 these groups is the Congress of Racial Quality, just found 0:11:25.280 --> 0:11:28.840 in ninety two. It grew out of the Christian pacifist movement, 0:11:29.200 --> 0:11:33.720 especially a group called the Fellowship of Reconciliation. Only about 0:11:33.760 --> 0:11:36.120 a third of its founders were black. I was founded 0:11:36.160 --> 0:11:39.839 by almost half women, which for the time is better 0:11:40.000 --> 0:11:43.560 than some of the other people around. You know, a 0:11:43.600 --> 0:11:45.920 lot of the founders of this were ministers and of 0:11:46.160 --> 0:11:49.880 various Christian denominations, and that is actually something that they like. 0:11:50.280 --> 0:11:53.559 The multi faith getting together, the groups that got together 0:11:53.600 --> 0:11:55.760 a lot of different faith based organizations to do a 0:11:55.800 --> 0:11:57.480 lot of good work is like something that I think 0:11:57.480 --> 0:12:00.839 sometimes it's left out of the more radical understandings of 0:12:01.679 --> 0:12:06.440 all of this history. Basically, course started as a we 0:12:06.559 --> 0:12:08.920 like what Gandhia is doing in India, We're going to 0:12:09.040 --> 0:12:12.319 do that for anti racism in the US and they 0:12:12.320 --> 0:12:15.480 got together. They fought against Jim Crow laws, housing discrimination, 0:12:15.600 --> 0:12:19.040 voting rights, all that stuff. They were pretty cool. They 0:12:19.040 --> 0:12:22.360 have complicated stuff that will get into but you know 0:12:22.600 --> 0:12:29.840 everyone does. In Core sent sixteen people, eight white, eight 0:12:29.880 --> 0:12:33.280 black on a journey of reconciliation on buses and this 0:12:33.320 --> 0:12:36.040 was kind of the the first freedom ride, about fifteen 0:12:36.120 --> 0:12:39.199 years before the freedom rides became more of a thing. 0:12:39.880 --> 0:12:43.280 And this first journey was a mix of folks that 0:12:43.320 --> 0:12:46.640 had socialists, that had religious leaders at pacifists as musicians, 0:12:46.640 --> 0:12:48.680 that had just like people who wanted the world to 0:12:48.679 --> 0:12:50.160 be better, who are like, fuck it, let's go do 0:12:50.200 --> 0:12:54.040 this weird, dangerous thing where the government had just passed 0:12:54.480 --> 0:12:58.120 a law banning segregation on interstate travel. And so basically 0:12:58.120 --> 0:12:59.600 they were like, all right, we're gonna go test that. 0:12:59.760 --> 0:13:03.040 We're going to go said people like basically white and 0:13:03.040 --> 0:13:04.880 black people sitting next to each other on the bus 0:13:05.000 --> 0:13:06.439 or sometimes the white people sat in the back of 0:13:06.480 --> 0:13:08.160 the bus and black people sat at the front of 0:13:08.200 --> 0:13:12.240 the bus. All this ship and they just basically went 0:13:12.280 --> 0:13:17.280 around the South, the kind of near South doing this. Um, 0:13:17.280 --> 0:13:20.480 it didn't it didn't go smoothly. Uh, I don't know 0:13:20.480 --> 0:13:25.280 whether that will be shocking to hear. It didn't take 0:13:25.320 --> 0:13:27.360 long before four of them were arrested. I mean, this 0:13:27.400 --> 0:13:28.520 is okay. This is like one of the things that's 0:13:28.520 --> 0:13:30.920 so interesting me about this right is like so much 0:13:30.960 --> 0:13:33.160 of the Civil rights era stuff was basically like the 0:13:33.160 --> 0:13:35.360 federal government like would pass a law and then people 0:13:35.400 --> 0:13:37.160 would be like, let's go see if this law is real, 0:13:37.800 --> 0:13:39.240 and then they would find out that the law is 0:13:39.240 --> 0:13:41.720 not real because the local police everywhere they go would 0:13:42.080 --> 0:13:47.880 mm hmm. You know. So, basically, two black men were 0:13:47.920 --> 0:13:49.640 arrested for not moving to the back of the bus, 0:13:49.679 --> 0:13:52.280 and two white men were arrested for defending the two 0:13:52.360 --> 0:13:53.719 black men who would not move to the back of 0:13:53.720 --> 0:13:55.760 the bus. All four of them ended up on segregated 0:13:55.840 --> 0:13:58.880 chain gangs. The black men got thirty days and the 0:13:58.880 --> 0:14:02.160 white men got ninety days. And specifically because the racist 0:14:02.240 --> 0:14:09.280 judge was so mad at the white people for betraying whiteness. Wow, 0:14:09.440 --> 0:14:13.079 that is the deep, deep, deep seated hate. Because it's 0:14:13.080 --> 0:14:15.120 one thing to be like, I hate black people, and 0:14:15.160 --> 0:14:17.240 I punish them more harshly. It's about the thing to 0:14:17.280 --> 0:14:19.240 be like and if you're a white person, I'll punish 0:14:19.240 --> 0:14:23.160 you three times. It's hard because screw you voting my agenda. 0:14:23.280 --> 0:14:29.400 I guess. Wow. Yeah, like overall, like clearly, including in 0:14:29.440 --> 0:14:32.480 the Civil rights movement, Like it was much harder for 0:14:32.520 --> 0:14:34.160 black folks as part of the Civil Rights movement the 0:14:34.160 --> 0:14:36.560 white than the like white allies and stuff. But here 0:14:36.560 --> 0:14:38.520 and there you would run across this kind of ship 0:14:38.680 --> 0:14:40.840 or like the clan would go around being like, hey, 0:14:40.840 --> 0:14:42.680 any white people, if you show up and support this, 0:14:42.720 --> 0:14:46.480 we're going to murder you, you know, or whatever like that. 0:14:46.480 --> 0:14:48.080 That kind of ship happened a lot. We're gonna get 0:14:48.120 --> 0:14:51.400 to some of that. Um. So the judge, I'm not 0:14:51.480 --> 0:14:54.240 going to read the quote of what I literally can't 0:14:54.840 --> 0:14:56.920 the judge said a lot of racist ship in the sentence, 0:14:57.680 --> 0:15:01.640 but of it, and I'll do an interpretation of the No. No, 0:15:01.680 --> 0:15:04.080 I didn't. I didn't even copy and paste it in 0:15:04.160 --> 0:15:08.120 my script. It's just bad. It's just bad ship, you know. Um. 0:15:08.120 --> 0:15:10.880 But in it he specifically called the two white men 0:15:10.880 --> 0:15:14.400 who I believe were not Jewish, referred to them as 0:15:14.480 --> 0:15:18.720 white Jews from sorry, referred him as Jews from New York. Okay, 0:15:18.880 --> 0:15:22.120 so not even doing his research, just is out here 0:15:22.200 --> 0:15:24.760 being like if they helped the blacks. They must be Jews, 0:15:25.120 --> 0:15:29.960 just slumping all that hate together specifically. Yeah, it's like that, 0:15:30.080 --> 0:15:33.680 like it's like the coastal elites coming here and ruining everything. 0:15:34.040 --> 0:15:36.760 You must basically be the Jews from New York and 0:15:36.800 --> 0:15:42.120 the like Jewish agenda to desegregate the United States. Um. 0:15:42.160 --> 0:15:44.280 And it was just a slur I think for him, 0:15:44.360 --> 0:15:46.560 Like I don't think he thought they were Jews. I 0:15:46.600 --> 0:15:49.680 think it's possible, and I couldn't the books I was 0:15:49.680 --> 0:15:53.000 reading about it didn't like name which of the white 0:15:53.000 --> 0:15:55.600 people were the people who got arrested. Um, But it's 0:15:55.600 --> 0:15:59.520 completely possible they were like Christian ministers, you know, so 0:16:00.000 --> 0:16:02.120 they get arrested. They spent some time on the chain gang. 0:16:02.560 --> 0:16:05.280 And one thing of note, they intentionally went to the 0:16:05.320 --> 0:16:07.920 Near South and not the Deep South because basically they 0:16:07.920 --> 0:16:09.560 were like, if we do this in the Deep South, 0:16:09.600 --> 0:16:12.920 we're all going to die. And it took a special 0:16:12.960 --> 0:16:15.080 kind of courage to go to the Deep South and 0:16:15.200 --> 0:16:18.720 desegregate and enroll voters and um or be from the 0:16:18.760 --> 0:16:21.680 Deep South and desegregate and enroll voters. And it's a 0:16:21.720 --> 0:16:23.640 kind of a courage that many of them found, which 0:16:23.640 --> 0:16:27.560 we'll get to later. One of the black men who 0:16:27.640 --> 0:16:29.280 served some time on a chain gang as part of 0:16:29.280 --> 0:16:32.120 the result of this journey for desegregation was a guy 0:16:32.120 --> 0:16:33.760 I want to take a closer look at because he 0:16:34.200 --> 0:16:36.520 rules um or at least he did a lot of 0:16:36.520 --> 0:16:39.920 really cool stuff. Everyone's complicated. His name is Bayard Rustin. 0:16:40.000 --> 0:16:42.080 I know. It's like, I'm like, yeah, this guy's awesome. 0:16:42.080 --> 0:16:44.560 And you get to like part of the like descriptions 0:16:44.560 --> 0:16:50.200 of him that you find, you're like, oh, well, you know, yeah, 0:16:50.480 --> 0:16:54.080 but like whatever booms amongst it, Like, okay, So Bayard Rustin. 0:16:54.600 --> 0:17:00.240 He was a black gay Quaker. Yeah. And this there's 0:17:00.240 --> 0:17:03.920 this recurring thing on this show where somehow Quakers end 0:17:03.960 --> 0:17:06.200 up in every episode. I've never done an episode on 0:17:06.240 --> 0:17:10.560 the Quakers. They're everywhere. The Quakers really rocked with black people, 0:17:10.640 --> 0:17:13.560 like way early they were like, no, we're not down 0:17:13.680 --> 0:17:16.120 with this slavery thing, and we will help for you 0:17:16.480 --> 0:17:20.800 where we can. Yeah, exactly, Like I keep running across 0:17:20.840 --> 0:17:23.720 being like and then the people who organized to get 0:17:23.720 --> 0:17:27.119 black people out of slavery were black people and some 0:17:27.160 --> 0:17:32.120 white Quakers, you know, over and over again. Um So 0:17:33.400 --> 0:17:37.240 Baird Rustin. He was deeply involved in Core from from 0:17:37.240 --> 0:17:39.879 its founding, and he was everywhere. He did everything mostly 0:17:39.920 --> 0:17:42.000 from behind the scenes because people were afraid that his 0:17:42.040 --> 0:17:46.240 homosexuality or socialism would make their movements look bad. And 0:17:46.240 --> 0:17:49.560 I want to talk about him really quick. He was 0:17:49.640 --> 0:17:52.560 kicked out of his university for organizing a strike. He 0:17:52.680 --> 0:17:56.800 sang tenor on Broadway in the choir. He sang spirituals 0:17:56.800 --> 0:17:59.680 on a ton of records. He joined the Communist Party 0:17:59.680 --> 0:18:01.640 for a a while, and then he realized that Stalin 0:18:01.720 --> 0:18:04.280 was a fuck, and so he quit the Communist Party 0:18:04.280 --> 0:18:06.639 and he became a socialist. Specifically, he was in the 0:18:06.680 --> 0:18:09.560 Communist Party until the USSR ordered the Communist Party in 0:18:09.600 --> 0:18:12.119 the US to stop working for civil rights and start 0:18:12.160 --> 0:18:14.520 working to try and get the US to join World 0:18:14.560 --> 0:18:18.439 War two. He organized a march on Washington for the 0:18:18.480 --> 0:18:21.520 desegregation of the armed forces. He went to California to 0:18:21.560 --> 0:18:23.720 fight against the racist in prison of the imprisonment of 0:18:23.720 --> 0:18:26.879 the Japanese during the war. He would like go and 0:18:26.880 --> 0:18:28.560 like try and make sure that people could hold onto 0:18:28.600 --> 0:18:30.440 their property and shoot like that while they were being 0:18:30.440 --> 0:18:32.960 taken into the fucking concentration camps that the US had, 0:18:32.960 --> 0:18:37.200 Because US is deeply racist. He was arrested ninety two 0:18:37.240 --> 0:18:39.159 for refusing to give up a seat on a bus. 0:18:39.720 --> 0:18:42.960 And that was the moment, I mean he was he 0:18:43.000 --> 0:18:44.720 was arrested for being black on a bus, and it 0:18:44.760 --> 0:18:46.600 was that was the moment where he was like, from 0:18:46.640 --> 0:18:48.399 now on, I'm not going to hide the fact that 0:18:48.440 --> 0:18:52.920 I'm gay. Because he basically was just like, oh, I'm 0:18:53.040 --> 0:18:56.159 with the bigots. I it's hard for me to like 0:18:56.240 --> 0:18:59.600 totally explain this epiphany that he had, but he talks 0:18:59.600 --> 0:19:01.320 about it. I should have put the quote, and I didn't, 0:19:02.520 --> 0:19:06.000 and he got arrested it again and again for basically 0:19:06.000 --> 0:19:08.760 fighting everything bad. He fought against the colonization of India 0:19:08.800 --> 0:19:11.560 by the British. Uh. One time he also got arrested 0:19:11.640 --> 0:19:13.200 for being gay. Like one time he got arrested for 0:19:13.240 --> 0:19:15.360 rooking up with two dudes in a car. So he's 0:19:15.359 --> 0:19:21.399 clearly I know, yes, my polyamorous king, I would put 0:19:21.400 --> 0:19:23.520 that on him. I don't know he was about that life. 0:19:23.520 --> 0:19:25.000 But if you're doing two dudes in a car at 0:19:25.000 --> 0:19:27.800 the same time, I love that for him. I know, 0:19:28.840 --> 0:19:32.880 not talked about part of the civil rights movement, like anyway, Yeah, 0:19:33.720 --> 0:19:37.040 he co wrote an influential, influential pastivest paper in the 0:19:37.080 --> 0:19:40.240 nineteen fifties called Speak Truth the Power, but in the 0:19:40.320 --> 0:19:42.240 end he kept his name off of it. He chose 0:19:42.280 --> 0:19:43.800 to keep his name off of it because he didn't 0:19:43.800 --> 0:19:47.720 want to six sexuality discredit the paper. And he worked 0:19:47.760 --> 0:19:51.440 with Martin Luther King Jr. It was probably him that 0:19:52.160 --> 0:19:55.520 who convinced MLK to stop carrying a handgun for self defense, 0:19:55.960 --> 0:19:58.760 which goes against the spirit of the rest of today's topic. 0:19:58.840 --> 0:20:01.840 But whatever, everyone's different, it has different ideas. You know. 0:20:02.640 --> 0:20:05.240 He was heavily involved in organizing the nineteen sixty three 0:20:05.280 --> 0:20:07.159 March on Washington, the one with the I Have a 0:20:07.240 --> 0:20:09.960 Dream speech. He would have been called the director of 0:20:10.000 --> 0:20:11.919 the March because he did all of the director of 0:20:11.960 --> 0:20:15.800 the March stuff, but he was a gay socialist, so 0:20:15.840 --> 0:20:19.800 they didn't want to put his name on it. Um 0:20:19.840 --> 0:20:22.640 And like the fucking right wing dragged up all kinds 0:20:22.640 --> 0:20:24.200 of ship, just like the same way that people would 0:20:24.200 --> 0:20:28.560 do it on Twitter now. Yeah, and he actually was 0:20:28.600 --> 0:20:30.520 like one of the staunchest so basically they're like, oh, 0:20:30.600 --> 0:20:33.480 this communist. He was one of the staunchest anti us 0:20:33.600 --> 0:20:36.159 S are U S socialists to the point where he 0:20:36.200 --> 0:20:39.840 actually kind of verged into some right wing positions, like 0:20:39.880 --> 0:20:43.040 he supported the war in Vietnam, for example, because he 0:20:43.160 --> 0:20:45.600 hated the U. S S. So he like supported the 0:20:45.640 --> 0:20:47.280 Cold War. This is why I was the beginning where 0:20:47.280 --> 0:20:51.760 I was like, I get interesting the complex time, and 0:20:51.800 --> 0:20:55.120 when you're you know what I mean, Like American wars 0:20:55.119 --> 0:20:58.080 are often started because like, oh, someone who's doing something terrible, 0:20:58.160 --> 0:21:00.280 and then we seek really going and do horrible ship 0:21:00.400 --> 0:21:03.199 and we're like what we had to stop? This guy 0:21:03.280 --> 0:21:05.400 had to meet the mother. It was so oh gosh, yeah, 0:21:05.480 --> 0:21:08.040 you're right messy. Yeah, And so he gets called a 0:21:08.080 --> 0:21:10.879