1 00:00:01,400 --> 00:00:04,600 Speaker 1: For the last few episodes, you've heard about FIFA's historical 2 00:00:04,720 --> 00:00:10,360 Speaker 1: fondness for brutal authoritarians. Specifically, it's a Paulium behavior in Chile, 3 00:00:10,840 --> 00:00:14,360 Speaker 1: South Africa, and Argentina in the nineteen sixties and seventies, 4 00:00:15,240 --> 00:00:19,640 Speaker 1: So you might ask, has FIFA changed, Has it learned 5 00:00:19,880 --> 00:00:25,720 Speaker 1: any lessons? Of course not, It's FIFA, and that brings 6 00:00:25,800 --> 00:00:30,520 Speaker 1: us to today's episode, a more modern tale about FIFA's avarice. 7 00:00:31,520 --> 00:00:35,560 Speaker 1: When faced with the choice between prophets and human rights 8 00:00:35,720 --> 00:00:38,680 Speaker 1: ethics and good conduct in Brazil in two thousand and fourteen, 9 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:44,040 Speaker 1: FIFA did what it always does. It put profits first, 10 00:00:45,120 --> 00:00:53,520 Speaker 1: screw the consequences. I'm Connor Powell. This is episode ten, 11 00:00:54,400 --> 00:01:02,120 Speaker 1: White Elephants. If you travel inland a thousand miles or 12 00:01:02,120 --> 00:01:05,320 Speaker 1: so on the murky waters of the Amazon River, they're 13 00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:07,840 Speaker 1: likely to catch a glimpse of the three toed sloth, 14 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:12,960 Speaker 1: an animal so slow algae literally grows all over its body. 15 00:01:13,440 --> 00:01:17,200 Speaker 1: You might encounter charismatic and talkative Gold and bluem maccause, 16 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:21,520 Speaker 1: by the score their voices loud as hell, you will, 17 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:24,960 Speaker 1: without a doubt see the massive pink nose river dolphin 18 00:01:25,400 --> 00:01:28,640 Speaker 1: and incredibly social mammal is excited to see you as 19 00:01:28,760 --> 00:01:33,200 Speaker 1: you are to see it. But there's another species out there, 20 00:01:33,800 --> 00:01:38,840 Speaker 1: an invasive one. It's the great white elephant. They've pushed 21 00:01:38,840 --> 00:01:41,679 Speaker 1: people by the thousands out of their homes in trampled 22 00:01:41,720 --> 00:01:47,480 Speaker 1: the fragile budgets of local governments. The Amazon, which sits 23 00:01:47,560 --> 00:01:50,400 Speaker 1: mostly in the soccer moutination of Brazil, is the size 24 00:01:50,480 --> 00:01:55,600 Speaker 1: of Spain, France, Italy, Sweden and Greece combined, teeming with 25 00:01:56,040 --> 00:02:00,480 Speaker 1: wildlife found no worlds. A massive river runs through its rainfalls, 26 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:06,360 Speaker 1: and it's in Brazil where this white elephant infestation grows, 27 00:02:06,400 --> 00:02:09,280 Speaker 1: from the remote city of Manaus to the cattle town 28 00:02:09,280 --> 00:02:13,720 Speaker 1: of Cuieba to the nation's capital of Brazilia. The white 29 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:18,640 Speaker 1: elephants arrived in two thousand and fourteen, raised and then 30 00:02:18,680 --> 00:02:23,680 Speaker 1: abandoned by the organization known as FIVA. The twelve state 31 00:02:23,720 --> 00:02:27,240 Speaker 1: of the art stadium is built or refurbished, are turning 32 00:02:27,280 --> 00:02:31,600 Speaker 1: into wide elephants, proving too costly to maintain. The white 33 00:02:31,600 --> 00:02:34,560 Speaker 1: elephants of Brazil are not like the native creatures that 34 00:02:34,639 --> 00:02:39,120 Speaker 1: make the Amazon such a rich envirobrant place. No, these 35 00:02:39,280 --> 00:02:42,839 Speaker 1: needy beasts are state of the art soccer stadiums made 36 00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:48,280 Speaker 1: of concrete, steel and glass, built to satisfy FIVA's punishing 37 00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:52,240 Speaker 1: requirements for host countries to live up to World Cup standards. 38 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:55,320 Speaker 1: This brand new stadium is the jewel in Manoa's is crown, 39 00:02:55,600 --> 00:02:58,680 Speaker 1: designed in the shape of a traditional basket, the seats 40 00:02:58,720 --> 00:03:02,040 Speaker 1: are the colors of amazon in fruits. At a cost 41 00:03:02,080 --> 00:03:05,880 Speaker 1: of three hundred million dollars alone, the arena of the 42 00:03:05,919 --> 00:03:09,880 Speaker 1: Amazon and the middle of Brazil's tropical rainforest was supposed 43 00:03:09,919 --> 00:03:14,080 Speaker 1: to transform Annouse, a sleepy river city for the better. 44 00:03:14,600 --> 00:03:17,400 Speaker 1: Some see the lavish temple to football as an investment 45 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:21,040 Speaker 1: that will attract tourists into the area. No expense was spared, 46 00:03:21,639 --> 00:03:25,800 Speaker 1: and that's in part because construction was a logistical nightmare. 47 00:03:27,240 --> 00:03:30,440 Speaker 1: Thousand seeds stadium was built hundreds of miles away from 48 00:03:30,480 --> 00:03:35,760 Speaker 1: Brazil's nearest population center and besieged by months of torrential downpource. 49 00:03:36,160 --> 00:03:38,720 Speaker 1: At help save time, parts of the stadium, like the roof, 50 00:03:38,800 --> 00:03:42,360 Speaker 1: for being built in other locations. Mannouse is so remote 51 00:03:42,560 --> 00:03:45,640 Speaker 1: that it's almost impossible to reach by car, which is 52 00:03:45,640 --> 00:03:48,600 Speaker 1: why officials had to have the stadium materials brought in 53 00:03:48,640 --> 00:03:54,400 Speaker 1: by boat, most of it prefabricated in Portugal. Undred tons 54 00:03:54,440 --> 00:03:57,080 Speaker 1: of steel had to be barged up the Amazon River. 55 00:03:57,800 --> 00:04:02,400 Speaker 1: Despite the astronomical cost, The arena of the Amazon hosted 56 00:04:02,480 --> 00:04:06,800 Speaker 1: just four World Cup games before it was basically abandoned. 57 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:10,800 Speaker 1: Aside from a few Brazilian national team matches, a handful 58 00:04:10,840 --> 00:04:16,000 Speaker 1: of birthday parties, and the occasional evangelical Christian revival, it 59 00:04:16,080 --> 00:04:18,440 Speaker 1: is sat largely empty ever since the two thousand and 60 00:04:18,440 --> 00:04:23,560 Speaker 1: fourteen World Cup. The Manous economy just can't support a 61 00:04:23,680 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 1: stadium of the size FIFA demanded with all of its 62 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:30,640 Speaker 1: sky boxes and luxury suites. Manawas doesn't have a first 63 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:33,480 Speaker 1: league football team, and most of the locals can't afford 64 00:04:33,520 --> 00:04:36,880 Speaker 1: tickets to the games. As officials and Manus search for 65 00:04:37,160 --> 00:04:41,880 Speaker 1: new uses for the stadium, the white Elephant deteriorates under 66 00:04:41,920 --> 00:04:45,560 Speaker 1: the heat and humidity of the Amazon. One loose tongue 67 00:04:45,600 --> 00:04:50,280 Speaker 1: civil servant even suggested this could become a holding zone 68 00:04:50,400 --> 00:04:55,120 Speaker 1: for prisoners en route to more permanent jails. You heard 69 00:04:55,120 --> 00:04:59,800 Speaker 1: that right, turn a world class soccer stadium into a prison. 70 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:04,080 Speaker 1: And yet the stadium in Manouse isn't even the worst 71 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:08,200 Speaker 1: example of Brazil's wasteful spending to meet FIFA's demands. Everything 72 00:05:08,200 --> 00:05:13,200 Speaker 1: about Manega Ainsia Stadium is big, a towering presence in Brazilia. 73 00:05:13,279 --> 00:05:16,440 Speaker 1: At a cost of nearly eight hundred million dollars, it 74 00:05:16,520 --> 00:05:18,919 Speaker 1: was the most expensive stadium the country, built for the 75 00:05:18,960 --> 00:05:22,159 Speaker 1: two thousand fourteen World Cup. These days, there's very little 76 00:05:22,160 --> 00:05:25,680 Speaker 1: football being played at the world's second most expensive stadium. 77 00:05:25,920 --> 00:05:30,040 Speaker 1: In fact, it mostly says empty. Like in Mannouse, there's 78 00:05:30,080 --> 00:05:32,880 Speaker 1: no first division soccer team to bring in fans to 79 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:37,080 Speaker 1: fill the seats. The occasional football exhibition matches are not 80 00:05:37,240 --> 00:05:40,599 Speaker 1: enough to sustain the five million dollars a year to 81 00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:45,680 Speaker 1: maintain the stadium, and like in Manouse, Brazilia's officials are 82 00:05:45,720 --> 00:05:49,000 Speaker 1: struggling to find ways to pay for the upkeep. Officials 83 00:05:49,080 --> 00:05:52,120 Speaker 1: expected this stadium to be full, and at least one 84 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:55,039 Speaker 1: way it is, but not how they had hoped. The 85 00:05:55,160 --> 00:05:58,560 Speaker 1: parking lot has been turned into a giant storage area 86 00:05:58,680 --> 00:06:01,599 Speaker 1: for buses to turn. And white elephant refers to the 87 00:06:01,720 --> 00:06:05,159 Speaker 1: ancient fable when a rare and prized white elephant is 88 00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:09,200 Speaker 1: given as a gift by the king, the recipient is blessed. 89 00:06:09,880 --> 00:06:13,800 Speaker 1: After all white elephants are sacred. The monarch favors you. 90 00:06:14,920 --> 00:06:19,280 Speaker 1: Then you come to understand the curse. You can't afford 91 00:06:19,320 --> 00:06:23,200 Speaker 1: defeat an elephant, and you can't give it away. It 92 00:06:23,279 --> 00:06:25,760 Speaker 1: serves no practical purpose, and it's starting to eat you 93 00:06:25,800 --> 00:06:30,200 Speaker 1: out of house and home. FIFA's gift of white elephants 94 00:06:30,200 --> 00:06:33,680 Speaker 1: to Brazil has proven to be every bit the curse 95 00:06:33,760 --> 00:06:36,640 Speaker 1: it was in the ancient tales. And what does it 96 00:06:36,680 --> 00:06:40,039 Speaker 1: tell you when someone who knows all the downsides of 97 00:06:40,040 --> 00:06:43,479 Speaker 1: the white elephant curse shows up at your door with 98 00:06:43,560 --> 00:06:47,560 Speaker 1: an albino packadern and worse tells you it's gonna make 99 00:06:47,560 --> 00:06:53,479 Speaker 1: you rich. Sounds like a grift right well. When FIFA 100 00:06:53,560 --> 00:06:58,120 Speaker 1: arrived in Brazil with designs for extravagant stadiums, it promised 101 00:06:58,120 --> 00:07:02,080 Speaker 1: the country they enjoy riches and glory if they built them. 102 00:07:02,120 --> 00:07:06,960 Speaker 1: Of course, FIFA does what is best for FIFA always. 103 00:07:08,440 --> 00:07:13,200 Speaker 1: After the tournament, FIFA fat, with swollen bank accounts, walked 104 00:07:13,240 --> 00:07:16,080 Speaker 1: away from Brazil, leaving the country to clean up its 105 00:07:16,080 --> 00:07:21,080 Speaker 1: financial mess. If you want to understand how FIVA's insatiable 106 00:07:21,240 --> 00:07:26,280 Speaker 1: appetite for profits hurts real people in real places, then 107 00:07:26,360 --> 00:07:29,560 Speaker 1: sit back and you'll hear the tale of the two 108 00:07:29,640 --> 00:07:32,800 Speaker 1: thousand and fourteen World Cup in Brazil and the Curse 109 00:07:33,080 --> 00:07:37,120 Speaker 1: of the White Elephants, the gift that keeps on taking. 110 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:48,080 Speaker 1: The lines outside of sal Pollo's Arena Corinthians were unbearably 111 00:07:48,120 --> 00:07:51,800 Speaker 1: long and disorganized. Now with the full kick off, long 112 00:07:51,920 --> 00:07:56,840 Speaker 1: queues of ticket jacks, thousands of excited fans, many dressed 113 00:07:56,840 --> 00:07:59,560 Speaker 1: in the iconic black with white striped jerseys of the 114 00:07:59,600 --> 00:08:04,760 Speaker 1: homeside Corinthians, jostle as overwhelmed ticket takers struggled with the 115 00:08:04,840 --> 00:08:08,560 Speaker 1: surge of bodies. Eventually, the queues got so bad that 116 00:08:08,640 --> 00:08:11,600 Speaker 1: they were simply let through. With a little more than 117 00:08:11,640 --> 00:08:13,960 Speaker 1: a week to go before the opening match of the 118 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:17,400 Speaker 1: two thousand and fourteen World Cup, FIFA had demanded the 119 00:08:17,440 --> 00:08:21,360 Speaker 1: Brazilian Soccer Confederation stage a league match at the new 120 00:08:21,440 --> 00:08:26,200 Speaker 1: stadium to iron out any issues, of which there were many. 121 00:08:26,440 --> 00:08:30,680 Speaker 1: For instance, the roof wasn't finished. Despite pumping in more 122 00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:35,640 Speaker 1: than three billion dollars yes, I said three billion dollars 123 00:08:35,640 --> 00:08:39,199 Speaker 1: into the building of new stadiums, Most of Brazil's new 124 00:08:39,240 --> 00:08:43,920 Speaker 1: and renovated arenas were over budget and way behind schedule. 125 00:08:44,840 --> 00:08:47,920 Speaker 1: We saw a stund which last month was still being built. 126 00:08:48,240 --> 00:08:52,240 Speaker 1: It seemed near a completion, but not near enough, as 127 00:08:52,360 --> 00:08:55,200 Speaker 1: was clear once week I went into the arena and 128 00:08:55,240 --> 00:09:00,120 Speaker 1: I was stunned. That's Andrew Downey, veteran foreign correspondent and 129 00:09:00,280 --> 00:09:03,600 Speaker 1: lifelong soccer fan who, as you might have noticed by 130 00:09:03,600 --> 00:09:07,400 Speaker 1: his accent, is from Scotland. Until recently he lived in 131 00:09:07,440 --> 00:09:09,960 Speaker 1: Brazil and covered the run up to the two thousand 132 00:09:09,960 --> 00:09:12,560 Speaker 1: and fourteen World Cup. One of the big reasons for 133 00:09:12,600 --> 00:09:15,800 Speaker 1: Brazil hosting the World Cup was the Brazil needed more 134 00:09:16,640 --> 00:09:19,800 Speaker 1: and better infrastructure for the World Cup. You need you know, 135 00:09:19,920 --> 00:09:22,000 Speaker 1: roads and airports and trains and busses and all that 136 00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:24,880 Speaker 1: kind of stuff, and it was a chance to modernize. 137 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:29,080 Speaker 1: And so the opportunity for Brazil in this World Cup 138 00:09:29,600 --> 00:09:32,280 Speaker 1: was to add that infrastructure that would benefit the population 139 00:09:32,320 --> 00:09:35,360 Speaker 1: because it was public money that was being used, and 140 00:09:35,480 --> 00:09:37,760 Speaker 1: that was one of the great attractions of this World Cup. 141 00:09:37,960 --> 00:09:40,760 Speaker 1: The government said, we will start building this infrastructure. This 142 00:09:40,840 --> 00:09:44,839 Speaker 1: is our chance to upgrade and upgrade quickly. Downey was 143 00:09:44,920 --> 00:09:47,439 Speaker 1: at that dry run match that day in June to 144 00:09:47,559 --> 00:09:51,920 Speaker 1: see firsthand what years of FIVA's demands and the Brazilian 145 00:09:51,920 --> 00:09:56,720 Speaker 1: government's promises looked like in practice. He navigated the long 146 00:09:56,760 --> 00:10:00,600 Speaker 1: lines and remembers the chaos and clutter and then new 147 00:10:00,800 --> 00:10:04,440 Speaker 1: still unfinished stadium. There was still lots to do, but 148 00:10:05,240 --> 00:10:09,120 Speaker 1: one part was absolutely finished and that stuck out as 149 00:10:09,200 --> 00:10:14,000 Speaker 1: much as anything. There was this enormous, enormous, welcoming nedial 150 00:10:14,080 --> 00:10:18,920 Speaker 1: foy inside the stadium and it was the most beautifully 151 00:10:18,920 --> 00:10:22,079 Speaker 1: appointed thing you've ever seen, and I was just thinking, 152 00:10:22,760 --> 00:10:26,800 Speaker 1: why is all this so necessary? Like the foyer, the 153 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:30,360 Speaker 1: luxury suites were not only finished, it looked like they 154 00:10:30,360 --> 00:10:35,160 Speaker 1: were plucked straight out of the taj Mahal. It was 155 00:10:35,760 --> 00:10:40,200 Speaker 1: what the lords of soccer expected, what they demanded of 156 00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:44,720 Speaker 1: so called FIFA quality stadiums. I remember walking into the 157 00:10:44,760 --> 00:10:49,040 Speaker 1: toilets and it was like walking into the toilets at 158 00:10:49,080 --> 00:10:54,240 Speaker 1: the Four Seasons because everything was marble. You know, I'm 159 00:10:54,280 --> 00:10:57,280 Speaker 1: from Scotland, you know, I grew up watching my team 160 00:10:57,360 --> 00:11:00,679 Speaker 1: Hibs in the eighties and nineties and not remember when 161 00:11:00,679 --> 00:11:02,160 Speaker 1: you went to the toilet, the toilet was a wall 162 00:11:02,200 --> 00:11:05,120 Speaker 1: at the back of the stadium, right. I've obviously got 163 00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:07,800 Speaker 1: suggested that you should have that in the World Cup venue, 164 00:11:08,120 --> 00:11:10,959 Speaker 1: but I just thought, is it really necessary for the 165 00:11:11,040 --> 00:11:16,360 Speaker 1: Fruitball stadium to have model bathrooms? Where these new marble 166 00:11:16,440 --> 00:11:20,640 Speaker 1: bathrooms and the majestic foyer really necessary for a month 167 00:11:20,679 --> 00:11:25,360 Speaker 1: long tournament, Downey wasn't the only one asking whether marble 168 00:11:25,440 --> 00:11:31,120 Speaker 1: bathrooms and the majestic foyer were worth the cost. For months, 169 00:11:31,160 --> 00:11:35,520 Speaker 1: in the soccer mad nation, where the cliche soccer is 170 00:11:35,600 --> 00:11:39,560 Speaker 1: like a religion is used without irony, Brazilians have been 171 00:11:39,600 --> 00:11:45,000 Speaker 1: protesting the reports of financial excess and corruption to struggle 172 00:11:45,120 --> 00:11:50,040 Speaker 1: to satisfy FIFA's stadium standards, and impressed the global soccer 173 00:11:50,120 --> 00:12:05,520 Speaker 1: community was ripping Brazil apart. On June two thousand and thirteen, 174 00:12:06,600 --> 00:12:10,200 Speaker 1: as the sun set over Rio de Janeiro, the lights 175 00:12:10,240 --> 00:12:14,000 Speaker 1: of its fame mark and a stadium came on, illuminating 176 00:12:14,080 --> 00:12:18,360 Speaker 1: the pitch. Ahead of the Confederation's Cup match between Tahitian Spain, 177 00:12:20,200 --> 00:12:23,680 Speaker 1: hundreds of thousands of Brazilians marched through the city streets 178 00:12:23,720 --> 00:12:28,640 Speaker 1: towards the stadium. They weren't heading for the game. The 179 00:12:28,720 --> 00:12:33,160 Speaker 1: streets have been filled with protests for weeks, some turning violent. 180 00:12:34,240 --> 00:12:37,800 Speaker 1: Brazil is a place with protests. Crowds have invaded the 181 00:12:37,880 --> 00:12:42,000 Speaker 1: streets to voice that discontent with the government. The protesters 182 00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:45,600 Speaker 1: came from different backgrounds. Rebellious students were joined by middle 183 00:12:45,640 --> 00:12:50,000 Speaker 1: class professionals, left wing activists joined by traditional stay at 184 00:12:50,040 --> 00:12:59,160 Speaker 1: home mothers. Together as a group, they moved closer. Police 185 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:03,160 Speaker 1: dressed like characters out of a Marvel's Avengers movie, went 186 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:06,959 Speaker 1: into battle with newly purchased riot helmets and plexiglass shields. 187 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:09,960 Speaker 1: They opened fire with a volley of rubber bullets and 188 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:15,880 Speaker 1: tear gas. These clashes between police and protesters had been 189 00:13:15,880 --> 00:13:21,680 Speaker 1: on repeat, night after night after night across Brazil. The trigger. 190 00:13:22,480 --> 00:13:26,000 Speaker 1: The government had jacked up bus fares to cover the 191 00:13:26,040 --> 00:13:30,440 Speaker 1: costs of construction for the sleek, new modern stadiums FIFA 192 00:13:30,520 --> 00:13:33,200 Speaker 1: required for the two thousand and fourteen World Cup. The 193 00:13:33,240 --> 00:13:36,439 Speaker 1: government has spent more than eleven billion dollars getting ready. 194 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:40,000 Speaker 1: It had begun peacefully, with about one thousand protesters moving 195 00:13:40,040 --> 00:13:43,280 Speaker 1: towards the stadium, demanding that the government spent more money 196 00:13:43,320 --> 00:13:48,960 Speaker 1: on health than education rather than sporting events. People to say, 197 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:52,920 Speaker 1: we are fit up, we want changes. That's Carlos Vanier, 198 00:13:53,320 --> 00:13:56,400 Speaker 1: a professor of urban and regional planning at the Federal 199 00:13:56,480 --> 00:14:01,079 Speaker 1: University of Rio de Janeira. Veneer, was one of the protesters, 200 00:14:01,160 --> 00:14:05,520 Speaker 1: marching with his family. As the protests grew, he remembers 201 00:14:05,640 --> 00:14:09,840 Speaker 1: so too did the brutality of the police response. The police, 202 00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:13,560 Speaker 1: he said, we're under pressure from the Brazilian government and 203 00:14:13,760 --> 00:14:18,600 Speaker 1: FIFA to protect the stadiums and the soccer facilities. Donny 204 00:14:18,760 --> 00:14:24,560 Speaker 1: was there too, and he confirms Veneer's account. You would 205 00:14:24,600 --> 00:14:28,920 Speaker 1: have these big matches and outside Colomba from the stadium, 206 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:31,160 Speaker 1: you would have tens of thousands of people on the 207 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:32,760 Speaker 1: streets and the police would come in. The police would 208 00:14:32,760 --> 00:14:35,440 Speaker 1: fire Robert bullets and the police would fire tear gas 209 00:14:35,720 --> 00:14:38,920 Speaker 1: and it was a uh, it was a big deal. 210 00:14:39,760 --> 00:14:42,680 Speaker 1: The more the police trying to reign in the protest 211 00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:46,560 Speaker 1: from Porto Allegra to sell Paolo to Rio, the more 212 00:14:46,640 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 1: they grew. The repression provoked more anger and more people 213 00:14:52,960 --> 00:14:55,640 Speaker 1: talk to the streets. These things are happening on a 214 00:14:55,720 --> 00:14:59,200 Speaker 1: daily basis, and it was it was it was scary, 215 00:14:59,480 --> 00:15:05,280 Speaker 1: to be honest. Chris Gaffney is an American researcher, academic, 216 00:15:05,720 --> 00:15:10,600 Speaker 1: and yes protester. He became the English speaking international voice 217 00:15:10,600 --> 00:15:14,400 Speaker 1: of the protest movement. And I remember sitting very clearly 218 00:15:14,400 --> 00:15:16,440 Speaker 1: on put of neither put as a dentity of Vatagus 219 00:15:17,240 --> 00:15:21,480 Speaker 1: and being shot at by the police with concussion grenades 220 00:15:21,560 --> 00:15:24,200 Speaker 1: or a bullets, and being chased on motorcycles and having 221 00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:27,520 Speaker 1: to run through the streets of Rio to try to 222 00:15:27,520 --> 00:15:30,840 Speaker 1: find a way home. The smell of tear gas was 223 00:15:30,920 --> 00:15:35,320 Speaker 1: just like my cologne for the day. The contrast between 224 00:15:35,320 --> 00:15:40,680 Speaker 1: old and new was painful. Brazil's inadequate and aging infrastructure, 225 00:15:40,880 --> 00:15:45,080 Speaker 1: underfunded hospitals, and crowded schools, they all looked even more 226 00:15:45,240 --> 00:15:48,640 Speaker 1: tired and beaten down in the light of the glistening 227 00:15:48,840 --> 00:15:53,560 Speaker 1: new World Cup stadiums. It was so obvious that the 228 00:15:53,560 --> 00:15:55,880 Speaker 1: basic needs of the people were not being attended to, 229 00:15:56,200 --> 00:16:00,520 Speaker 1: and that FIFA quality stadiums were the priority, but FIFA 230 00:16:00,600 --> 00:16:04,240 Speaker 1: quality hospitals were not, in that FIFA quality schools were not, 231 00:16:04,760 --> 00:16:07,600 Speaker 1: And so this kind of FIFA standard or FIFA quality 232 00:16:07,760 --> 00:16:12,800 Speaker 1: came to represent the bending over backwards in fealty to 233 00:16:12,920 --> 00:16:16,880 Speaker 1: the desires of a Swiss non profit who managed to 234 00:16:16,920 --> 00:16:19,680 Speaker 1: make four billion dollars in the four year cycle that 235 00:16:19,760 --> 00:16:22,760 Speaker 1: led it that finished in two thousand fourteen. And so 236 00:16:22,880 --> 00:16:25,760 Speaker 1: people saw this and were disgusted and took to the 237 00:16:25,800 --> 00:16:29,720 Speaker 1: streets and were violently repressed by the very same mechanisms 238 00:16:29,800 --> 00:16:33,640 Speaker 1: that were designed to secure the World Cup. Here again 239 00:16:33,920 --> 00:16:39,000 Speaker 1: is Carlos Venier. The main slogan that many movements at 240 00:16:39,040 --> 00:16:47,920 Speaker 1: that moment used is we want fair World Cup which 241 00:16:47,960 --> 00:16:52,520 Speaker 1: that way to say we once soccer. We do not 242 00:16:52,880 --> 00:16:57,360 Speaker 1: want spending billions of dollars on this. We do not 243 00:16:57,560 --> 00:17:14,520 Speaker 1: have corruption of these, we want fair World Cup. The 244 00:17:14,680 --> 00:17:17,720 Speaker 1: violence and anger in the streets of Brazil couldn't have 245 00:17:17,760 --> 00:17:21,680 Speaker 1: been further from the optimism and joy just six years earlier, 246 00:17:21,920 --> 00:17:24,480 Speaker 1: when FIFA President Sepp Ladder stood on a stage in 247 00:17:24,600 --> 00:17:27,280 Speaker 1: Zurich and in front of the world, ripped open his 248 00:17:27,320 --> 00:17:33,800 Speaker 1: white envelope to announce with five World Cup titles and 249 00:17:33,840 --> 00:17:37,960 Speaker 1: a booming economy, Brazil seemed like a natural pick. There's 250 00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:41,840 Speaker 1: no nation more passionate about soccer, and the South American 251 00:17:41,880 --> 00:17:47,000 Speaker 1: giant hadn't hosted a World Cup since n Best known 252 00:17:47,000 --> 00:17:50,959 Speaker 1: for its endless beaches and yearly carnival, these days, Brazil 253 00:17:51,080 --> 00:17:54,920 Speaker 1: is developing a new calling card. It's economy, which most 254 00:17:54,960 --> 00:17:57,840 Speaker 1: of the world's economy is stagnant, Brazil's is growing at 255 00:17:57,840 --> 00:18:02,040 Speaker 1: seven percent. Sal Polo's stuck market is shattering records since 256 00:18:02,080 --> 00:18:05,520 Speaker 1: the discovery of new offshore oil fields, the Brazilian oil 257 00:18:05,520 --> 00:18:09,960 Speaker 1: industries booming. Brazil's president at the time, the left leaning 258 00:18:10,200 --> 00:18:14,840 Speaker 1: Louis and Nazio Lula da Silva, often called just Lula 259 00:18:14,920 --> 00:18:18,080 Speaker 1: for short, was one of the most popular politicians in 260 00:18:18,119 --> 00:18:21,520 Speaker 1: the world, and he was eager to show that progress 261 00:18:21,520 --> 00:18:25,200 Speaker 1: Brazil had made under his leadership. With low inflation, a 262 00:18:25,280 --> 00:18:29,720 Speaker 1: shrinking inequality gap, and a religious deal for soccer, Brazil 263 00:18:29,840 --> 00:18:33,280 Speaker 1: was a sporting nation on the rise. Nearly eight percent 264 00:18:33,359 --> 00:18:37,080 Speaker 1: of Brazilian supported hosting the World Cup, with only ten 265 00:18:37,600 --> 00:18:42,239 Speaker 1: firmly against it. On Lula's watch, Brazil had also been 266 00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:46,040 Speaker 1: selected to host another international sporting event, the two thousand 267 00:18:46,040 --> 00:18:51,200 Speaker 1: and sixteen Olympics. Journalist dave's Iron, who wrote Brazil's Dance 268 00:18:51,240 --> 00:18:54,879 Speaker 1: with the Devil, a book all about Brazil's preparations for 269 00:18:54,920 --> 00:18:58,639 Speaker 1: the World Cup and the Olympics, says Lula, backed by 270 00:18:58,680 --> 00:19:01,840 Speaker 1: the nodding heads of fee Fund, the International Olympic Committee, 271 00:19:02,440 --> 00:19:06,080 Speaker 1: promised that these world events would further transform the rapidly 272 00:19:06,160 --> 00:19:10,040 Speaker 1: developing nation. This idea of bringing in the World Cup 273 00:19:10,320 --> 00:19:13,080 Speaker 1: and then subsequently in the Olympics in two thousand and 274 00:19:13,119 --> 00:19:17,639 Speaker 1: sixteen came with it so many promises about how this 275 00:19:17,720 --> 00:19:19,359 Speaker 1: was going to be great for Brazil. It was gonna 276 00:19:19,400 --> 00:19:21,840 Speaker 1: be great for Brazil economically, it was going to be 277 00:19:21,840 --> 00:19:25,320 Speaker 1: great for Brazil socio politically, and it was going to 278 00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:27,760 Speaker 1: be great for Brazil in terms of its global standing 279 00:19:28,200 --> 00:19:31,320 Speaker 1: among the nations of the world. So it was all 280 00:19:31,359 --> 00:19:34,320 Speaker 1: built on this idea that it was going to help 281 00:19:34,880 --> 00:19:38,320 Speaker 1: while the opposite took place. As they say on Wall Street, 282 00:19:38,520 --> 00:19:43,080 Speaker 1: markets go up and markets go down. By two thousand 283 00:19:43,080 --> 00:19:47,520 Speaker 1: and thirteen, Brazil's booming economy wasn't just going down, it 284 00:19:47,640 --> 00:19:51,680 Speaker 1: was crashing. A Latin America's large as economy is showing 285 00:19:51,720 --> 00:19:54,600 Speaker 1: signs of a slowdown. And this is a difficult to watch. 286 00:19:54,920 --> 00:19:58,919 Speaker 1: You see a very promising economy slowing down quite radically. 287 00:19:59,640 --> 00:20:03,120 Speaker 1: To make matters worse, Lula had been termed out of office. 288 00:20:03,720 --> 00:20:07,480 Speaker 1: Dilma Russaf, Lula's former chief of staff, was left to 289 00:20:07,520 --> 00:20:12,240 Speaker 1: manage Lula's legacy and the economic crash. The money he 290 00:20:12,320 --> 00:20:15,399 Speaker 1: remarked to build the new World Cup infrastructure began to 291 00:20:15,520 --> 00:20:21,320 Speaker 1: rapidly disappear, Sucked up by construction and corruption, Brazil was 292 00:20:21,359 --> 00:20:24,840 Speaker 1: forced to raise taxes, cut basic services, and borrow from 293 00:20:24,840 --> 00:20:28,560 Speaker 1: international markets to pay for the ever increasing costs. There 294 00:20:28,640 --> 00:20:30,280 Speaker 1: was a wide spread I can go to that all 295 00:20:30,320 --> 00:20:35,119 Speaker 1: this money was being spent for FIFA and for football 296 00:20:35,359 --> 00:20:39,400 Speaker 1: rather than being spent on ordinary Brazilians. It was two 297 00:20:39,400 --> 00:20:43,040 Speaker 1: thousand and thirteen, and RUSSAF tried to thread the political 298 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:49,120 Speaker 1: pandering needle as protesters flooded Brazil's streets. She condemned the violence, 299 00:20:49,800 --> 00:20:53,359 Speaker 1: but she said she also supported the protesters right to 300 00:20:53,440 --> 00:20:58,240 Speaker 1: demonstrate and called for dialogue. What Dilma Russof didn't do 301 00:20:58,440 --> 00:21:02,040 Speaker 1: was pushed back against FIFA. You know, the guys who 302 00:21:02,040 --> 00:21:05,760 Speaker 1: were insisting not just on new stadiums, but particular style 303 00:21:05,840 --> 00:21:10,360 Speaker 1: of new stadiums, with marble atriums and luxury suites. Scaling 304 00:21:10,400 --> 00:21:15,480 Speaker 1: back the extravagance was not something FIFA would even contemplate. Meanwhile, 305 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:21,080 Speaker 1: resources for promised improvements through roads, subways, and airports related 306 00:21:21,119 --> 00:21:25,160 Speaker 1: infrastructure that would benefit more than just soccer were redirected 307 00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:29,840 Speaker 1: to help me FIFA stadium construction deadlines. The gap between 308 00:21:29,880 --> 00:21:33,280 Speaker 1: what Brazilians have been promised and what they were seeing 309 00:21:33,320 --> 00:21:38,119 Speaker 1: being built for FIFA only widened as the protests grew. 310 00:21:38,960 --> 00:21:44,040 Speaker 1: FIFA did what it normally does stayed quiet, But behind 311 00:21:44,080 --> 00:21:47,760 Speaker 1: the scenes, FIFA did not adjust or reevaluate their demands. 312 00:21:48,280 --> 00:21:53,199 Speaker 1: What FIFA wanted FIFA was going to get. There are 313 00:21:53,240 --> 00:21:55,560 Speaker 1: all sorts of like a death by a thousand cuts 314 00:21:56,040 --> 00:22:00,680 Speaker 1: sent the economy into a downward spiral. And yet FIFA 315 00:22:01,160 --> 00:22:04,439 Speaker 1: doesn't care if your economy is in bad shape. They 316 00:22:04,520 --> 00:22:09,119 Speaker 1: want their FIFA quality stadiums. Dave's Iron says FIFA's indifference 317 00:22:09,280 --> 00:22:13,760 Speaker 1: and greed had real world consequences. They felt like they 318 00:22:13,800 --> 00:22:17,520 Speaker 1: needed to push ahead, which led to cost cutting, which 319 00:22:17,600 --> 00:22:21,080 Speaker 1: led to corruption, which led to a lot of dissatisfaction 320 00:22:21,119 --> 00:22:24,120 Speaker 1: among the people who felt like their needs were being 321 00:22:24,119 --> 00:22:33,680 Speaker 1: ignored while stadiums were being built. The first punches were 322 00:22:33,720 --> 00:22:37,600 Speaker 1: thrown seconds after the final whistle blew. The full row 323 00:22:37,840 --> 00:22:41,800 Speaker 1: of green stadium seats came curling through the air and 324 00:22:41,880 --> 00:22:46,160 Speaker 1: onto the pitch. Countless other pieces of trash and debris, 325 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:50,760 Speaker 1: some one fire came raining down from every part of 326 00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:55,040 Speaker 1: the stadium. It was two thousand and nine. Hundreds of 327 00:22:55,080 --> 00:22:59,320 Speaker 1: supporters of the Brazilian side Quarter Chiba storm their home pitch. 328 00:23:00,040 --> 00:23:04,600 Speaker 1: Hackey clothed police officers swung their batons wildly and fired 329 00:23:04,640 --> 00:23:08,240 Speaker 1: rubber bullets trying to be back the enraged soccer hooligans. 330 00:23:09,359 --> 00:23:14,040 Speaker 1: The chaos erupted after core Achieva's shocking relegation to Brazil's 331 00:23:14,080 --> 00:23:18,520 Speaker 1: domestic second division, meaning for non soccer fanatics, they had 332 00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:20,639 Speaker 1: the worst record and so they got booted down to 333 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:25,920 Speaker 1: a lower division, their fans went ballistic. It was the 334 00:23:26,119 --> 00:23:29,960 Speaker 1: very type of soccer violence Brazilian lawmakers had hoped to 335 00:23:30,160 --> 00:23:33,560 Speaker 1: end when they banned the sale of alcohol and stadiums 336 00:23:33,640 --> 00:23:37,600 Speaker 1: six years earlier. In two thousand three, the Brazilian government 337 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:41,840 Speaker 1: banned alcohol from stadiums because of the enormously high death 338 00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:46,200 Speaker 1: rate amongst fans. Those stamping out all of the violence 339 00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:50,200 Speaker 1: completely was proving to be difficult. That ban on alcohol 340 00:23:50,440 --> 00:23:53,800 Speaker 1: had saved lives and helped reduced violence, But as the 341 00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:57,960 Speaker 1: two thousand and fourteen tournament near Brazil's ban on alcohol 342 00:23:58,040 --> 00:24:02,360 Speaker 1: and stadiums became a flashpoint of intention for World Cup organizers, 343 00:24:02,800 --> 00:24:06,040 Speaker 1: Jerome Vodka, the General Secretary of football's world governing body, 344 00:24:06,320 --> 00:24:09,320 Speaker 1: has urged the Brazilian government to approve a law which 345 00:24:09,359 --> 00:24:13,560 Speaker 1: allows the sale of beer at World Cup venues. For 346 00:24:13,640 --> 00:24:17,000 Speaker 1: more than twenty five years, the red Budweiser logo had 347 00:24:17,000 --> 00:24:21,879 Speaker 1: adorned nearly every corner of FIFA's World Cup advertising. The 348 00:24:22,040 --> 00:24:25,240 Speaker 1: King of Beers is one in a massive cavalcade of 349 00:24:25,280 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: advertisers whose commercials bombard TV sets during World Cup matches. 350 00:24:31,080 --> 00:24:35,240 Speaker 1: Brazil's ban on alcohol and stadiums threatened FIFA's money making machine, 351 00:24:36,119 --> 00:24:39,560 Speaker 1: and the only thing worse than the loss and advertising 352 00:24:39,600 --> 00:24:42,920 Speaker 1: for FIFA would be the loss of lucrative in game 353 00:24:42,960 --> 00:24:45,960 Speaker 1: beer sales, and FIFA wasn't about to let that happen. 354 00:24:46,640 --> 00:24:51,159 Speaker 1: Just listen to FIFA's General secretary Jerome Valc, I'm sorry 355 00:24:51,160 --> 00:24:53,199 Speaker 1: to say, and maybe I look a bit arrogance, but 356 00:24:53,720 --> 00:24:56,080 Speaker 1: that's something will not negotiate to. I mean there will 357 00:24:56,160 --> 00:24:58,800 Speaker 1: be and the MusB a spot of the of the law, 358 00:24:59,320 --> 00:25:02,639 Speaker 1: the fact that we have the right to sell beer. 359 00:25:03,520 --> 00:25:06,679 Speaker 1: Brazil had enacted this band in two thousand and three, 360 00:25:07,320 --> 00:25:11,480 Speaker 1: faced with a staggering level of soccer violence and preventable deaths, 361 00:25:12,080 --> 00:25:16,119 Speaker 1: It's hard to argue this law wasn't completely reasonable. And 362 00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:19,920 Speaker 1: yet FIVA, a nonprofit who stayed admission is to grow 363 00:25:19,960 --> 00:25:23,800 Speaker 1: and protect the game of soccer, not to earn money, 364 00:25:24,040 --> 00:25:28,320 Speaker 1: demanded Brazil removed the band, which, of course Brazil ended 365 00:25:28,400 --> 00:25:32,440 Speaker 1: up doing. Beer would be sold at World Cup games, 366 00:25:32,480 --> 00:25:35,160 Speaker 1: but at least if FIFA was going to make money 367 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:38,000 Speaker 1: off of beer sales, Brazil could count on tax revenue 368 00:25:38,040 --> 00:25:41,080 Speaker 1: and profit sharing is part of its hosting duties right well, 369 00:25:41,080 --> 00:25:44,080 Speaker 1: and they're going to make money as well as all 370 00:25:44,119 --> 00:25:46,760 Speaker 1: money this FIFA makes the money. This is where the 371 00:25:46,800 --> 00:25:50,679 Speaker 1: controversy is. The country usually doesn't make money. FIFA, the 372 00:25:50,800 --> 00:25:53,880 Speaker 1: organization of the World Cup, is who makes the money. 373 00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:59,480 Speaker 1: Despite spending north of three billion dollars on FIFA required stadiums, 374 00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:03,920 Speaker 1: ending public safety laws aimed at preventing alcohol related violence, 375 00:26:04,600 --> 00:26:08,440 Speaker 1: Brazil wasn't guaranteed a penny for hosting the World Cup tournament. 376 00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:11,840 Speaker 1: That is, FIFA and its FIFA subsidiaries that are fully 377 00:26:11,920 --> 00:26:16,200 Speaker 1: exempt from any text whatsoever levied at whatever level, state level, 378 00:26:16,600 --> 00:26:21,200 Speaker 1: municipality level, all sorts of texas, consumption, texas income, texas, 379 00:26:21,560 --> 00:26:25,720 Speaker 1: you name it, its all exempt. Remember, the rules of 380 00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:29,000 Speaker 1: the game are rigged by FIVA for FIFA. So not 381 00:26:29,119 --> 00:26:32,040 Speaker 1: only is FIFA blessed with a tax exemption as part 382 00:26:32,080 --> 00:26:36,359 Speaker 1: of its hosting requirements, so are all FIFA's corporate sponsors. 383 00:26:37,200 --> 00:26:41,640 Speaker 1: In two thousand and fourteen, Brazil spent fifteen billion dollars 384 00:26:41,680 --> 00:26:45,439 Speaker 1: to host the World Cup. FIVA earned nearly five billion 385 00:26:45,480 --> 00:26:49,720 Speaker 1: dollars from World Cup advertising deals and sponsorship agreements. Brazil's 386 00:26:49,760 --> 00:26:57,440 Speaker 1: cut zero the final insult FIFA security demands. FIVA, of course, 387 00:26:57,520 --> 00:27:00,960 Speaker 1: understood the hazards of combining alcohol and a fan base 388 00:27:01,040 --> 00:27:05,080 Speaker 1: with a history of soccer violence. Drunken hooliganism has been 389 00:27:05,119 --> 00:27:08,720 Speaker 1: an issue in world soccer for decades, but add to 390 00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:13,040 Speaker 1: the mix a population worried about a crashing economy and 391 00:27:13,200 --> 00:27:18,160 Speaker 1: angry at the bejeweled stadium springing up amidst a crumbling infrastructure, 392 00:27:18,680 --> 00:27:21,400 Speaker 1: and the two thousand and fourteen World Cup was beginning 393 00:27:21,400 --> 00:27:33,080 Speaker 1: to look like a powder keg ready to explode. As 394 00:27:33,080 --> 00:27:36,800 Speaker 1: soccer fans lined up to inner Rio's Maracana Stadium July 395 00:27:37,600 --> 00:27:41,640 Speaker 1: two thousand and fourteen for the final game, the images 396 00:27:41,680 --> 00:27:46,600 Speaker 1: were dazzling. Argentinian fans wore the classic light blue and 397 00:27:46,680 --> 00:27:51,240 Speaker 1: white striped jerseys. Germany's fans don white and red Adiita's 398 00:27:51,280 --> 00:27:55,320 Speaker 1: tops with black trim mixed in, where the bright, almost 399 00:27:55,520 --> 00:28:00,399 Speaker 1: electric yellow kits of host country Brazil standing in stark 400 00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:04,000 Speaker 1: contrast all the bright colors where the drab al of 401 00:28:04,119 --> 00:28:08,919 Speaker 1: green military uniforms of the Brazilian security forces. Come Sunday, 402 00:28:09,040 --> 00:28:13,520 Speaker 1: Rio de Janeiro may look like an occupied city. Troops, 403 00:28:13,720 --> 00:28:18,240 Speaker 1: military police, firefighters and National guardsmen are being deployed, largest 404 00:28:18,280 --> 00:28:22,040 Speaker 1: ever in the city's history. The site of troops standing 405 00:28:22,040 --> 00:28:25,920 Speaker 1: along roads and at intersections, and heavily clad riot gear 406 00:28:26,480 --> 00:28:30,040 Speaker 1: became the persistent image of the tournament, and everything was 407 00:28:30,200 --> 00:28:33,720 Speaker 1: only amped for the final match, which was played under 408 00:28:33,760 --> 00:28:38,840 Speaker 1: a draconian security blanket. Israeli drones flew above the stadium, 409 00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:44,080 Speaker 1: American provided bomb busting robots patrolled outside, while German anti 410 00:28:44,080 --> 00:28:47,880 Speaker 1: aircraft tanks kept watch over the skies. No one can 411 00:28:47,920 --> 00:28:51,520 Speaker 1: accuse Brazil of scrimping on security for soccer's biggest event. 412 00:28:51,920 --> 00:28:55,600 Speaker 1: The country total nearly one billion dollars in security costs, 413 00:28:55,960 --> 00:28:58,800 Speaker 1: five times what South Africa spent during the two thousand 414 00:28:58,880 --> 00:29:03,400 Speaker 1: ten Cups. You've surely noticed that since the terror attacks 415 00:29:03,440 --> 00:29:07,360 Speaker 1: of two thousand and one, security at large gatherings, including 416 00:29:07,360 --> 00:29:13,200 Speaker 1: public sporting events, has become increasingly militarized. But Brazil and 417 00:29:13,280 --> 00:29:16,720 Speaker 1: FIFA security set up in two thousand and fourteen, while 418 00:29:17,120 --> 00:29:21,360 Speaker 1: state of the art was something all together different and 419 00:29:21,480 --> 00:29:25,800 Speaker 1: unheard of in world sport, Brazilian authorities are leaving nothing 420 00:29:25,800 --> 00:29:29,600 Speaker 1: to chance. One hundred and seventy thousand security forces will 421 00:29:29,600 --> 00:29:32,880 Speaker 1: be mobilized throughout the country. There are now more security 422 00:29:32,920 --> 00:29:35,479 Speaker 1: forces on the ground in Brazil than the United States 423 00:29:35,480 --> 00:29:38,640 Speaker 1: deployed at the height of the Iraq War. Brazil, a 424 00:29:38,720 --> 00:29:43,400 Speaker 1: country with no international enemies or history of domestic terror 425 00:29:43,880 --> 00:29:47,880 Speaker 1: had created a full on World Cup army, an army 426 00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:52,000 Speaker 1: whose weapons were trained not on some foreign enemy, but 427 00:29:52,080 --> 00:29:54,920 Speaker 1: on the very people the World Cup was supposed to benefit. 428 00:29:56,760 --> 00:30:00,240 Speaker 1: This massive security force was never about stop in a 429 00:30:00,360 --> 00:30:04,400 Speaker 1: terror attack or even solving Brazil's stunning lee high murder rate. 430 00:30:05,200 --> 00:30:09,560 Speaker 1: It was required by FIFA to pacify Brazil's own population, 431 00:30:10,160 --> 00:30:13,920 Speaker 1: which had grown increasingly hostile to the soccer organization and 432 00:30:14,000 --> 00:30:18,000 Speaker 1: the Brazilian government. By the time the first game kicked 433 00:30:18,040 --> 00:30:21,760 Speaker 1: off in two thousand and fourteen, Brazilian public opinion had 434 00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:26,000 Speaker 1: swung wildly against the World Cup, where once it was 435 00:30:26,120 --> 00:30:29,760 Speaker 1: eight in favor when step Ladder announced the winning bid. 436 00:30:30,280 --> 00:30:34,200 Speaker 1: More than sixty Brazilians believe hosting the World Cup is bad. 437 00:30:34,840 --> 00:30:37,880 Speaker 1: When you have Brazilians protesting soccer, you know something went 438 00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:42,360 Speaker 1: very wrong. As journalists Dave's Iron points out, if you 439 00:30:42,440 --> 00:30:45,920 Speaker 1: need a US military sized army to keep security during 440 00:30:45,960 --> 00:30:50,120 Speaker 1: a soccer tournament in a nation of soccer fans, then yes, 441 00:30:50,760 --> 00:30:55,120 Speaker 1: something has gone seriously wrong. It was slowly instituted in 442 00:30:55,160 --> 00:30:59,120 Speaker 1: preparation for the World Cup like terrific surveillance, a tremendous 443 00:30:59,120 --> 00:31:03,080 Speaker 1: surveillance and as well as you know things like you know, 444 00:31:03,120 --> 00:31:07,000 Speaker 1: water cannons and concussion grenades like it's it's not just 445 00:31:07,080 --> 00:31:10,120 Speaker 1: about the weaponry, it's about a plan in a mode 446 00:31:10,160 --> 00:31:14,080 Speaker 1: of attack against your own population. It wasn't just the 447 00:31:14,160 --> 00:31:18,040 Speaker 1: massive spending on FIFA stadiums that angered the Brazilian public, 448 00:31:18,280 --> 00:31:20,400 Speaker 1: though that was a big part of it. And it 449 00:31:20,480 --> 00:31:24,000 Speaker 1: wasn't just the appearance of troops. It's what the military 450 00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:27,520 Speaker 1: actually did. In the lead up to the World Cup. 451 00:31:28,160 --> 00:31:32,440 Speaker 1: Brazil's newly created heavy handed security force was trained by 452 00:31:32,560 --> 00:31:37,920 Speaker 1: who's who of international security conglomerates. They included Academy, which 453 00:31:38,240 --> 00:31:42,240 Speaker 1: you'll know by its former name Blackwater, the infamous private 454 00:31:42,280 --> 00:31:46,320 Speaker 1: security company used during the Iraq War, and the Israeli 455 00:31:46,320 --> 00:31:50,920 Speaker 1: firm Raphael Advanced Defense Systems, which has long provided the 456 00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:54,960 Speaker 1: backbone for the Israeli blockade around Gaza and its military 457 00:31:55,000 --> 00:31:58,920 Speaker 1: occupation of the Palestinian West Bank. These firms didn't just 458 00:31:59,160 --> 00:32:02,680 Speaker 1: provide secure already, they paved the way for the forced 459 00:32:02,760 --> 00:32:08,200 Speaker 1: displacement of tens of thousands of Brazilians and entire neighborhoods 460 00:32:08,240 --> 00:32:12,600 Speaker 1: for the World Cup. One such slam Rio's huge Mari 461 00:32:12,720 --> 00:32:17,200 Speaker 1: Favela complex was recently pacified after an operation involving hundreds 462 00:32:17,240 --> 00:32:22,440 Speaker 1: of men, tanks and helicopters, and by pacified they mean 463 00:32:22,680 --> 00:32:27,080 Speaker 1: removed from the safety of its bunker in Zurich. FIVA's 464 00:32:27,120 --> 00:32:31,480 Speaker 1: leadership pushed for all of this additional security. It was 465 00:32:31,600 --> 00:32:36,560 Speaker 1: unlike any other sporting event. Ever, FIFA brings with it debt, 466 00:32:36,640 --> 00:32:40,920 Speaker 1: displacement and the militarization of public space. It takes two 467 00:32:40,960 --> 00:32:45,480 Speaker 1: to tango, and what FIFA looks for is willing nations. 468 00:32:45,520 --> 00:32:48,480 Speaker 1: They're willing to, you know, march to the beat of 469 00:32:48,640 --> 00:32:54,880 Speaker 1: FIFA's drum. In Brazil, FIFA found a willing partner. That partnership, however, 470 00:32:55,480 --> 00:33:01,640 Speaker 1: enriched FIFA and ripped apart Brazil. Here, Chris Caffey, what 471 00:33:01,720 --> 00:33:04,120 Speaker 1: do we have at the end is you know, sixt 472 00:33:04,200 --> 00:33:06,520 Speaker 1: or four games of football and a country that is 473 00:33:06,600 --> 00:33:16,080 Speaker 1: now in economic samples Today, the high speed train that 474 00:33:16,120 --> 00:33:21,080 Speaker 1: connects Salpallo's largest airport to its city center is rarely late. 475 00:33:21,960 --> 00:33:25,560 Speaker 1: The modern metro is a much needed addition, but the 476 00:33:25,600 --> 00:33:29,840 Speaker 1: project itself was anything but on time. It first opened 477 00:33:29,840 --> 00:33:33,520 Speaker 1: in April of two thousand and eighteen. It was originally 478 00:33:33,760 --> 00:33:36,880 Speaker 1: one of the many infrastructure projects promised as part of 479 00:33:36,880 --> 00:33:40,560 Speaker 1: Brazil's World Cup bid. It was supposed to be ready 480 00:33:40,560 --> 00:33:42,960 Speaker 1: when the tournament kicked off in two thousand and fourteen, 481 00:33:43,320 --> 00:33:46,400 Speaker 1: but the high speed rail line was ditched as money 482 00:33:46,440 --> 00:33:50,680 Speaker 1: was diverted to key World Cup infrastructure projects like stadiums, 483 00:33:51,520 --> 00:33:55,360 Speaker 1: especially those empty, crumbling white elephant stadiums that now in 484 00:33:55,440 --> 00:33:59,160 Speaker 1: fast places like Manaus in Cuioba. The fact that the 485 00:33:59,160 --> 00:34:02,560 Speaker 1: train line to the airport was completed even four years 486 00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:08,759 Speaker 1: later makes it unique. Dozens of other promised infrastructure projects 487 00:34:08,760 --> 00:34:12,520 Speaker 1: from Brazil's original World Cup plan, from roads the train 488 00:34:12,560 --> 00:34:17,400 Speaker 1: lines have yet to be built and probably never will be. 489 00:34:18,719 --> 00:34:21,680 Speaker 1: When Brazil was awarded the World Cup by FIFA back 490 00:34:21,719 --> 00:34:26,240 Speaker 1: in two thousand and seven, the country had dreams of glory, 491 00:34:27,120 --> 00:34:31,760 Speaker 1: confident it would win a record sixth championship and show 492 00:34:31,800 --> 00:34:35,440 Speaker 1: the world the progress Brazil had achieved. It was a 493 00:34:35,560 --> 00:34:39,640 Speaker 1: narrative FIFA was all too willing to inflate and encourage. 494 00:34:40,239 --> 00:34:43,760 Speaker 1: FIFA's demands for its World Cup, and let's be very clear, 495 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:48,480 Speaker 1: every tournament is FIVA's and not the host nations brought 496 00:34:48,480 --> 00:34:52,720 Speaker 1: out the worst in Brazil after months of civil unrest, 497 00:34:53,040 --> 00:34:57,120 Speaker 1: a ton of unfinished public works projects, a new draconian 498 00:34:57,200 --> 00:35:01,840 Speaker 1: security system, a fifteen billion dollar price tag and Brazil's 499 00:35:02,120 --> 00:35:04,680 Speaker 1: seven to one thrashing at the hands of Germany and 500 00:35:04,719 --> 00:35:08,000 Speaker 1: the World Cup semifinal. The two thousand and fourteen World 501 00:35:08,040 --> 00:35:13,799 Speaker 1: Cup is anything but glorious and what are the long 502 00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:18,480 Speaker 1: term consequences? Today? Brazil has been ravaged by the COVID 503 00:35:18,560 --> 00:35:24,000 Speaker 1: nineteen virus, Its economy has crashed and stagnated, and its 504 00:35:24,120 --> 00:35:27,680 Speaker 1: right wing government led by Yair Bulson Nario, is sending 505 00:35:27,760 --> 00:35:32,840 Speaker 1: signals it will use Brazil's new robust security apparatus built 506 00:35:32,920 --> 00:35:36,560 Speaker 1: under the direction of FIFA, to stay in power. No 507 00:35:36,640 --> 00:35:45,080 Speaker 1: matter what, You've heard a lot about the bad and 508 00:35:45,160 --> 00:35:50,240 Speaker 1: world soccer under FIFA, decades of corruption and generations of abuse. 509 00:35:51,280 --> 00:35:53,759 Speaker 1: It might make you wonder if there's any reason to 510 00:35:53,800 --> 00:35:58,600 Speaker 1: be hopeful. The answer is yes, absolutely yes, and it 511 00:35:58,719 --> 00:36:01,600 Speaker 1: starts with a team of outsiders who pushed to be 512 00:36:01,640 --> 00:36:05,520 Speaker 1: treated as equals. Could the answer to FIFA's corruption be 513 00:36:05,600 --> 00:36:09,840 Speaker 1: women's soccer? That's coming up next on The Lords of Soccer. 514 00:36:16,800 --> 00:36:19,960 Speaker 1: The Lords of Soccer, How FIFA Stole the Beautiful Game 515 00:36:20,440 --> 00:36:23,560 Speaker 1: is an Inside Voices media production in conjunction with I 516 00:36:23,719 --> 00:36:27,520 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. The series was written and executive produced by 517 00:36:27,560 --> 00:36:32,200 Speaker 1: Gary Scott and me Connor Powell special thanks to Giselli 518 00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:35,240 Speaker 1: Rossi for helping me with the trickiest of the Brazilian names. 519 00:36:35,400 --> 00:36:38,840 Speaker 1: If I screwed up, It's on me, not her Logan 520 00:36:38,880 --> 00:36:42,920 Speaker 1: Heftell and Katie mcmurrn provided the sound design with assistance 521 00:36:42,960 --> 00:36:46,360 Speaker 1: from j. C. Swaddick and Jake Blue Note. Alec Cowen 522 00:36:46,520 --> 00:36:50,160 Speaker 1: is our associate producer and Jeffrey Katz was our story editor. 523 00:36:50,640 --> 00:36:54,680 Speaker 1: Our fact checker is Alexa O'Brien and thanks to Miles Gray, 524 00:36:54,840 --> 00:36:57,719 Speaker 1: who produced the series for I Heart Radio. If you 525 00:36:57,760 --> 00:37:00,880 Speaker 1: have any comments or questions, please reach out. You can 526 00:37:00,920 --> 00:37:04,880 Speaker 1: find us on Twitter. I'm at Connor M. Powell and 527 00:37:05,040 --> 00:37:08,759 Speaker 1: Gary is at Gary Robert Scott and if you have 528 00:37:08,800 --> 00:37:12,239 Speaker 1: any stories about FIFA, let us know. If you like 529 00:37:12,320 --> 00:37:15,080 Speaker 1: what you hear, please give us a shout out at 530 00:37:15,120 --> 00:37:17,040 Speaker 1: the hashtag Lords of Soccer