1 00:00:08,720 --> 00:00:11,480 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm Lauren vocal Bum 2 00:00:11,640 --> 00:00:15,480 Speaker 1: and I'm Annie Reese, and today, with the winter holidays approaching, 3 00:00:15,640 --> 00:00:19,799 Speaker 1: we wanted to talk about more holiday food traditions, like 4 00:00:19,880 --> 00:00:24,160 Speaker 1: the jelly donut. Yeah. Also, Annie might have a mild 5 00:00:24,400 --> 00:00:28,440 Speaker 1: donut obsession. You bought twenty four donuts from Voodoo at 6 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:31,920 Speaker 1: midnight on a workship one time, and you've got a 7 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:35,720 Speaker 1: donut obsession. I also like to just bring donuts. Yeah, 8 00:00:35,800 --> 00:00:40,839 Speaker 1: but I'm not just talking about the Voodoo donuts. This 9 00:00:40,920 --> 00:00:43,920 Speaker 1: is an intervention. It's not it's not. No, it's terrific. 10 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:49,080 Speaker 1: Oh my good. That would be great though, in vodka intervention. No, no, no, 11 00:00:49,159 --> 00:00:51,760 Speaker 1: your love of donuts is fine and well balanced with 12 00:00:51,800 --> 00:00:56,440 Speaker 1: the rest of your life choices. Thank you, but you're 13 00:00:56,560 --> 00:01:00,920 Speaker 1: very welcome. But okay, so wait a second. Uh, since 14 00:01:00,960 --> 00:01:04,800 Speaker 1: when are jelly donuts holiday food? Oh? No, I have 15 00:01:04,920 --> 00:01:08,319 Speaker 1: to admit I didn't know this until you you taught me, 16 00:01:08,400 --> 00:01:10,840 Speaker 1: schooled me. I missed it as well until just a 17 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:14,360 Speaker 1: few years ago. But there are donuts called sat uh 18 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:18,000 Speaker 1: singular si yeah, that are this type of jelly filled, 19 00:01:18,319 --> 00:01:23,720 Speaker 1: deep fried yeast dough doughnuts served around Tonica, mostly in Israel. 20 00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:26,080 Speaker 1: The dough is soft and a little melty on the 21 00:01:26,120 --> 00:01:28,400 Speaker 1: inside and a little crisp on the outside, and they're 22 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:32,880 Speaker 1: frequently coated and powdered sugar, served either warm or room temperature, 23 00:01:33,440 --> 00:01:36,520 Speaker 1: and they sound good. They do sound good. They're also 24 00:01:36,680 --> 00:01:40,080 Speaker 1: very similar to the German pastry the Berliner, which is 25 00:01:40,200 --> 00:01:42,839 Speaker 1: eaten on New Year's Eve, and in parts of Spain 26 00:01:42,880 --> 00:01:46,280 Speaker 1: and Latin America, well yellows, which are doughnut type things 27 00:01:46,319 --> 00:01:48,400 Speaker 1: that may or may not be filled with jammer custard, 28 00:01:48,560 --> 00:01:52,760 Speaker 1: are popular around Christmas. This may also be where the 29 00:01:52,800 --> 00:01:57,680 Speaker 1: French New Orleans bignets come from. Oh oh, yeah, and 30 00:01:57,920 --> 00:02:00,600 Speaker 1: other fried dough desserts do pop up aroun on various 31 00:02:00,600 --> 00:02:03,120 Speaker 1: winter holidays, but I'm kind of trying to stick with 32 00:02:03,240 --> 00:02:09,200 Speaker 1: filled doughnut fried pastries here, so I don't go totally crazy. Yeah, 33 00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:13,000 Speaker 1: but would be remiss if we didn't mention the punch 34 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:16,760 Speaker 1: key of Polish traditions and the fust nuts of the 35 00:02:16,760 --> 00:02:20,079 Speaker 1: Pennsylvania Dutch, though both of those are eaten around fat 36 00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:23,240 Speaker 1: or Shrove Tuesday or Thursday, which happens in the late 37 00:02:23,280 --> 00:02:28,919 Speaker 1: winter early spring. In all cases, however, these treats are 38 00:02:28,960 --> 00:02:32,480 Speaker 1: a symbol of luck for various reasons. I mean also 39 00:02:32,560 --> 00:02:35,160 Speaker 1: just fried things are tasty, yes, and because of our 40 00:02:35,240 --> 00:02:38,280 Speaker 1: love of fried things. There are also non holiday versions 41 00:02:38,320 --> 00:02:40,760 Speaker 1: of the jelly donut for any day of year. You've 42 00:02:40,800 --> 00:02:44,440 Speaker 1: got cop Fin and Austria, Bismarck in the American Midwest, 43 00:02:44,560 --> 00:02:49,840 Speaker 1: bould To Berlin and France, Fralls in Fralls, Italy's Coffin, 44 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:51,640 Speaker 1: and a bunch more so of which we will be 45 00:02:51,639 --> 00:02:54,960 Speaker 1: discussing a bit later. My favorite name for one of 46 00:02:55,000 --> 00:03:00,160 Speaker 1: these things is Germany's semi erstwhile fast and nut cultural Shin. 47 00:03:01,080 --> 00:03:05,079 Speaker 1: That's not cultural chen, yes, just because of the name. 48 00:03:05,440 --> 00:03:08,000 Speaker 1: It's a pretty excellent name. It's all one word in 49 00:03:08,040 --> 00:03:13,079 Speaker 1: capitalized because Germany. Go ahead. Obviously, there is just the 50 00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:16,839 Speaker 1: jelly donut too, And to be clear, we are talking 51 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:20,600 Speaker 1: about the jelly donut. We'll come back to donut. Yeah, 52 00:03:20,600 --> 00:03:24,800 Speaker 1: we'll come back to donut one day. This wouldn't be 53 00:03:24,800 --> 00:03:27,120 Speaker 1: a food stuff without some kind of weird food record, 54 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:32,160 Speaker 1: so here it is. The largest sufgania was constructed in Jerusalem, 55 00:03:33,320 --> 00:03:36,360 Speaker 1: coming in at thirty five pounds, five pounds of which 56 00:03:36,360 --> 00:03:41,400 Speaker 1: were jelly. However, it's got creaked out. She did she 57 00:03:41,560 --> 00:03:45,000 Speaker 1: like retreated in on herself. A few years earlier, in 58 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:48,480 Speaker 1: the Guinness Book of World Records listed a jelly donut 59 00:03:48,560 --> 00:03:52,040 Speaker 1: made in Utica, New York as weighing as staggering one 60 00:03:52,200 --> 00:03:58,400 Speaker 1: point seven tons. My blood pressure just went up picturing it. 61 00:03:59,400 --> 00:04:01,280 Speaker 1: I'm not sure that I'm prepared to deal with that 62 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:05,800 Speaker 1: on like an emotional level. I think I think i'd 63 00:04:05,800 --> 00:04:10,600 Speaker 1: pass out i saw it. I don't know it would 64 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:12,280 Speaker 1: be for the best, too, because I don't need to 65 00:04:12,320 --> 00:04:16,960 Speaker 1: be tackling a one point seven done jelly donut. Picturing 66 00:04:16,960 --> 00:04:22,600 Speaker 1: Annie just taking a running leap and then falling just 67 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:26,760 Speaker 1: all the way back. Oh no, okay, I'm glad I 68 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:31,880 Speaker 1: wasn't around for this, basically, So let's talk some history. 69 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:35,440 Speaker 1: According to a story out of Israel, the jelly donut 70 00:04:35,520 --> 00:04:38,920 Speaker 1: was sort of a conciliatory gift God cave to Adam 71 00:04:38,920 --> 00:04:40,680 Speaker 1: and Eve after kicking them out of the Garden of 72 00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:45,839 Speaker 1: because don't we all crave donuts during difficult times and 73 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:50,440 Speaker 1: happy times and all the time. Again, the point being 74 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:53,680 Speaker 1: a jelly donut is pretty well liked. Whether or not 75 00:04:53,880 --> 00:04:58,160 Speaker 1: that's an accurate depiction of how humans got jelly donuts 76 00:04:58,360 --> 00:05:02,120 Speaker 1: East raised bread. As we've discussed before, developed in tandem 77 00:05:02,160 --> 00:05:05,480 Speaker 1: with beer brewing five thousand years ago or more. Some 78 00:05:05,560 --> 00:05:09,040 Speaker 1: of these were surely sweetened breads. Sometimes the dough got 79 00:05:09,040 --> 00:05:12,239 Speaker 1: fried in oil instead of being baked. And uh, fruit 80 00:05:12,320 --> 00:05:14,799 Speaker 1: serves made with honey have probably been around for about 81 00:05:14,839 --> 00:05:17,320 Speaker 1: as long. It wouldn't have been until about the turn 82 00:05:17,360 --> 00:05:19,400 Speaker 1: of the B C C E switch over, though, that 83 00:05:19,640 --> 00:05:21,800 Speaker 1: sugar would have been used, as that is when the 84 00:05:21,960 --> 00:05:28,200 Speaker 1: sugarcane refinement process saw development. Meanwhile, all around the world, 85 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:35,200 Speaker 1: people noticed that winter is coming, or rather what well, 86 00:05:35,240 --> 00:05:36,760 Speaker 1: I mean, they noticed that it that it came once 87 00:05:36,760 --> 00:05:40,840 Speaker 1: a year on our planet. Yeah, you know, the days 88 00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:43,280 Speaker 1: got shorter, which was probably terrifying when you weren't sure 89 00:05:43,320 --> 00:05:46,840 Speaker 1: why that was happening. And furthermore, everyone had to bundle 90 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:48,680 Speaker 1: up and you know, make their own fun in order 91 00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:51,359 Speaker 1: to get through the cold months with their sanity intact. 92 00:05:51,760 --> 00:05:54,000 Speaker 1: And then when the weather started lightening up again, you know, 93 00:05:54,000 --> 00:05:56,560 Speaker 1: that's a pretty good reason to have another party. Yeah. 94 00:05:56,839 --> 00:05:59,560 Speaker 1: What I'm saying is that basically all humans have held 95 00:05:59,640 --> 00:06:03,000 Speaker 1: rituals and celebrations to stave off the dark and celebrate 96 00:06:03,040 --> 00:06:06,240 Speaker 1: life at the beginning and end of winter basically forever. 97 00:06:06,960 --> 00:06:10,520 Speaker 1: It makes sense. One European tradition of particular interest to 98 00:06:10,600 --> 00:06:14,640 Speaker 1: jelly donuts and I love that sentence so much um 99 00:06:14,760 --> 00:06:17,520 Speaker 1: is the carnival, which is said to date back to 100 00:06:17,600 --> 00:06:22,640 Speaker 1: ancient Babylonia like circa twenties six hundred BC. This was 101 00:06:22,680 --> 00:06:26,920 Speaker 1: a festival that celebrated mirth and change through satire by 102 00:06:27,040 --> 00:06:29,880 Speaker 1: making a show of role reversals. There would be a 103 00:06:30,040 --> 00:06:32,240 Speaker 1: parade through the streets, a pair of peasants would be 104 00:06:32,320 --> 00:06:34,919 Speaker 1: royalty for the day, and royalty would act like fools. 105 00:06:35,040 --> 00:06:38,560 Speaker 1: Pranks were played, Folks would wear costumes depicting social classes 106 00:06:38,600 --> 00:06:43,000 Speaker 1: other than their own, and everybody partied. These traditions were 107 00:06:43,040 --> 00:06:47,360 Speaker 1: incorporated into and or disseminated through Grecian and Roman cultural 108 00:06:47,400 --> 00:06:51,720 Speaker 1: traditions like the Baccanalia and Lubercalia and Saturnalia, and then 109 00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:55,559 Speaker 1: through Christian traditions, especially Catholic ones during the Middle Ages 110 00:06:55,640 --> 00:07:00,760 Speaker 1: maybe like nine d be not bc CE. These traditions 111 00:07:00,800 --> 00:07:03,960 Speaker 1: became super popular through Europe, and then colonization brought them 112 00:07:03,960 --> 00:07:06,920 Speaker 1: to the America's and the concepts show up modernly and 113 00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:10,800 Speaker 1: everything from Brazil's Carnival to New Orleans Mardi Gras and 114 00:07:10,880 --> 00:07:15,320 Speaker 1: the Pennsylvania duchess fuss not. This is in the Hunchback 115 00:07:15,360 --> 00:07:17,360 Speaker 1: of Notre Dame, I believe, is it? And I'm just 116 00:07:17,480 --> 00:07:20,280 Speaker 1: realizing that because I watched that for the first time 117 00:07:20,280 --> 00:07:23,320 Speaker 1: since childhood. Recently, I watched the Disney movie. I did 118 00:07:23,360 --> 00:07:26,560 Speaker 1: not read the book. Um. Yeah, and they have this 119 00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:29,320 Speaker 1: the Parade of Rules. Is that what it was? Where 120 00:07:29,360 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 1: they switch? Yeah, it's all making sense, thank you. Jelly 121 00:07:32,200 --> 00:07:37,200 Speaker 1: donut episode who No, I didn't oh man, jelly donuts 122 00:07:37,520 --> 00:07:41,680 Speaker 1: um In parts of what's now Germany and Austria mostly probably, Uh. 123 00:07:41,760 --> 00:07:45,560 Speaker 1: The Carnival is a season that starts on November eleven 124 00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:48,080 Speaker 1: at eleven eleven am and runs all the way through 125 00:07:48,120 --> 00:07:50,840 Speaker 1: the beginning of Lent in the spring, with most of 126 00:07:50,880 --> 00:07:52,840 Speaker 1: the party being done during the last week as everyone 127 00:07:52,880 --> 00:07:55,800 Speaker 1: prepares to be all solemn again. Lent, if you don't know, 128 00:07:55,920 --> 00:07:58,680 Speaker 1: represents the forty days between the death and resurrection of 129 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:03,880 Speaker 1: Christ and frequently involves fasting being being serious. Um. Somewhere 130 00:08:03,920 --> 00:08:07,520 Speaker 1: along the line, fried yeast donuts filled with jelly became 131 00:08:07,560 --> 00:08:11,160 Speaker 1: associated with the holiday, perhaps because folks were trying to 132 00:08:11,280 --> 00:08:13,800 Speaker 1: use up rich ingredients like large that they wouldn't be 133 00:08:13,840 --> 00:08:19,680 Speaker 1: allowed to use during Lent. Yeah. Perhaps. And speaking of Germany, 134 00:08:20,840 --> 00:08:23,400 Speaker 1: the country played an important role in the next step 135 00:08:23,480 --> 00:08:25,920 Speaker 1: of the jelly donuts history. And we'll talk about that 136 00:08:26,120 --> 00:08:28,120 Speaker 1: after a quick break for a word from our sponsor, 137 00:08:38,360 --> 00:08:42,440 Speaker 1: and we're back, Thank you sponsor. We're back with a cookbook. 138 00:08:42,720 --> 00:08:48,280 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, cookbook quk in my Studi or Mastery of 139 00:08:48,320 --> 00:08:52,679 Speaker 1: the Kitchen, published in Nuremberg and translated into Polish and two, 140 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:56,760 Speaker 1: became a bedrock cookbook for the medieval Europe, for the 141 00:08:56,920 --> 00:09:00,320 Speaker 1: Medieval Europe, for medieval Europe, and one of the first 142 00:09:00,360 --> 00:09:04,880 Speaker 1: printed via Johannes Scuttenberg's fancy new printing press. Yeah, and 143 00:09:04,960 --> 00:09:08,680 Speaker 1: it featured a recipe for gave futa kruptin the first 144 00:09:08,720 --> 00:09:11,959 Speaker 1: written recipe for a jelly donut. It was more like 145 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:14,480 Speaker 1: a fried jelly sandwich, though it was two rounds of 146 00:09:14,559 --> 00:09:17,360 Speaker 1: yea spread with jelly in between that was then fried 147 00:09:17,480 --> 00:09:20,520 Speaker 1: and lard. That translation to Polish thing was crucial to 148 00:09:20,640 --> 00:09:23,679 Speaker 1: the development of the punch key and Poland and they 149 00:09:23,840 --> 00:09:27,680 Speaker 1: were also popular for Christmas and Hanka. The Yiddish word 150 00:09:27,920 --> 00:09:31,440 Speaker 1: for this was pounch chicks. Oh I hope I'm getting 151 00:09:31,440 --> 00:09:33,800 Speaker 1: that correctly. And of note, the Yiddish word for the 152 00:09:34,040 --> 00:09:37,840 Speaker 1: unfilled version was doughnut um. To get around the non 153 00:09:37,960 --> 00:09:40,719 Speaker 1: kosherness of lard, they were often fried and goose fat 154 00:09:40,840 --> 00:09:44,319 Speaker 1: oil or schmaltz. Specifically for Hannukah, fried treats like this 155 00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:48,240 Speaker 1: are embraced because of the symbolism of oil. The holiday 156 00:09:48,320 --> 00:09:50,600 Speaker 1: is the festival of lights, and it celebrates the story 157 00:09:50,679 --> 00:09:53,160 Speaker 1: of this miracle in which one night's worth of lamp 158 00:09:53,240 --> 00:09:56,920 Speaker 1: oil lasted for eight nights while practitioners rededicated a temple 159 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:00,719 Speaker 1: that had been profaned um. Though whether punch key were 160 00:10:00,800 --> 00:10:04,400 Speaker 1: part of Hanukkah traditions or were just like available around 161 00:10:04,400 --> 00:10:07,200 Speaker 1: the same time in Poland and therefore people ate them 162 00:10:07,240 --> 00:10:11,880 Speaker 1: sometimes is up for debate. Since sugar was quite expensive 163 00:10:11,960 --> 00:10:15,040 Speaker 1: at the time, most donuts were filled with savory stuff 164 00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:18,160 Speaker 1: like meater cheese, so putting in sweet things it's pretty 165 00:10:18,280 --> 00:10:21,640 Speaker 1: new and extravagant, which of course meant it was a 166 00:10:21,760 --> 00:10:26,640 Speaker 1: treat to be indulged in around holidays until the sixteenth century, 167 00:10:26,679 --> 00:10:28,599 Speaker 1: when the price of sugar fell with the influx of 168 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:31,719 Speaker 1: sugar from the Caribbean. Uh jams and jellies grew in 169 00:10:31,760 --> 00:10:34,600 Speaker 1: popularity as the price of sugar fell, and soon pretty 170 00:10:34,679 --> 00:10:36,960 Speaker 1: much every country in Europe had a type of jelly donut, 171 00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:41,040 Speaker 1: they were still fairly difficult to make and relegated to 172 00:10:41,080 --> 00:10:44,920 Speaker 1: holidays and special occasions until the invention of the metal 173 00:10:45,040 --> 00:10:48,920 Speaker 1: pastry syringe in Germany, which simplified, cheapified, and needified the 174 00:10:49,000 --> 00:10:53,120 Speaker 1: process of making jelly doughnuts. Yeah. Also, according to legend, 175 00:10:53,400 --> 00:10:57,320 Speaker 1: Marie Antoinette, who was originally from Austria, introduced jelly donuts 176 00:10:57,400 --> 00:10:59,240 Speaker 1: to the French court, where they were a big hit 177 00:11:00,920 --> 00:11:03,480 Speaker 1: bear leaners. The term, anyway, has been around since the 178 00:11:03,559 --> 00:11:07,400 Speaker 1: nineteenth century in Germany, and there's a story out of 179 00:11:07,920 --> 00:11:11,280 Speaker 1: seventeen fifty six is detailing the resolve of a patriotic 180 00:11:11,360 --> 00:11:14,959 Speaker 1: baker deemed unfit for service in the Prussian military, but 181 00:11:15,080 --> 00:11:16,760 Speaker 1: he was allowed to stay on as a baker in 182 00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:19,120 Speaker 1: the field. A baker in the field, he had to 183 00:11:19,200 --> 00:11:21,559 Speaker 1: figure out a method of baking without an oven, however, 184 00:11:21,720 --> 00:11:25,160 Speaker 1: since evans generally weren't part of a military's equipment, so 185 00:11:25,480 --> 00:11:27,719 Speaker 1: he turned to frying things using an open fire, and 186 00:11:27,800 --> 00:11:32,040 Speaker 1: the soldier named these things after the baker's hometown. At 187 00:11:32,080 --> 00:11:34,320 Speaker 1: first it was a pretty broad term, but over time 188 00:11:34,400 --> 00:11:39,360 Speaker 1: it came to me only filled fried donuts, and I 189 00:11:39,600 --> 00:11:43,520 Speaker 1: believe that Lauren mentioned earlier. Jelly donuts were often associated 190 00:11:43,559 --> 00:11:46,079 Speaker 1: with Strove Tuesday, the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday in March 191 00:11:46,160 --> 00:11:48,960 Speaker 1: and April. Around this time as well, that that association 192 00:11:49,280 --> 00:11:54,880 Speaker 1: started was existing continued to exist as the nineteenth century ended. 193 00:11:55,440 --> 00:11:59,560 Speaker 1: Jelly donuts picked up the name Bismarck's, allegedly named after 194 00:11:59,720 --> 00:12:04,599 Speaker 1: Chance Colorado von bismarckin sure sure yeah, or possibly the 195 00:12:04,760 --> 00:12:11,080 Speaker 1: similarly shaped German you boat the Bismarck or possibly neither 196 00:12:11,160 --> 00:12:14,920 Speaker 1: of these things. Yeah. With the immigration of Central Europeans 197 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:19,679 Speaker 1: to the American Midwest parts of Canada and Boston, you 198 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,520 Speaker 1: started to get Bismarcks in those areas. Um they picked 199 00:12:24,600 --> 00:12:27,240 Speaker 1: up even more names as they spread to Long John's 200 00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:31,360 Speaker 1: jam Busters, jam donuts. The term jelly donuts first popped 201 00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:34,160 Speaker 1: up in the US around this time to jam Busters, 202 00:12:34,360 --> 00:12:38,960 Speaker 1: I Know, I Love jam Buster. The donuts also kept 203 00:12:39,040 --> 00:12:42,040 Speaker 1: the name punch Key in several communities of Polish Jewish 204 00:12:42,120 --> 00:12:47,440 Speaker 1: immigrants around the globe, including one in Australia. Polish immigrants 205 00:12:47,480 --> 00:12:49,760 Speaker 1: in Israel bought with them the tradition of eating jelly 206 00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:55,080 Speaker 1: donuts for or around Hanukah, and soon began calling them Sufganiyot. 207 00:12:55,360 --> 00:12:58,120 Speaker 1: Referring to the talm mods suft gun a sort of 208 00:12:58,240 --> 00:13:02,440 Speaker 1: spongy dough I and the root of the words sponge 209 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:06,880 Speaker 1: and sut most likely traced back to the Greek word 210 00:13:06,920 --> 00:13:11,319 Speaker 1: for spongey. There's also a similar word in Arabic, and 211 00:13:11,720 --> 00:13:15,880 Speaker 1: also the Hebrew word uh sulf eg, which also means 212 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:18,560 Speaker 1: kind of like absorb or sponge um, all of which 213 00:13:18,600 --> 00:13:23,680 Speaker 1: probably root from the same word. Probably anyway, Yeah, Possibly 214 00:13:23,760 --> 00:13:27,960 Speaker 1: sugat got their inspiration from deep fried balls of dough 215 00:13:28,040 --> 00:13:30,959 Speaker 1: eaten during Hanaka by the Jewish community in Northern Africa. 216 00:13:31,480 --> 00:13:33,920 Speaker 1: They had migrated there in the eighteen hundreds and picked 217 00:13:33,960 --> 00:13:37,440 Speaker 1: up a sponge that that that spongey fried dough from 218 00:13:37,520 --> 00:13:40,360 Speaker 1: the locals. Some Jews who have sin's migrated away from 219 00:13:40,400 --> 00:13:44,520 Speaker 1: the area still eat sponge as a Hanaka delicacy. By 220 00:13:44,559 --> 00:13:47,360 Speaker 1: the way, apricot, raspberry, and strawberry are some of the 221 00:13:47,480 --> 00:13:53,959 Speaker 1: popular feelings for sugat. The Israeli Labor Federation the his 222 00:13:54,080 --> 00:13:57,840 Speaker 1: Studge Roots named sugiat the official food of Hanakah over 223 00:13:57,880 --> 00:14:01,000 Speaker 1: the Latka in the ninety twenties, and the reason had 224 00:14:01,040 --> 00:14:03,839 Speaker 1: to do with the labor involved in making, transporting, and 225 00:14:03,960 --> 00:14:08,120 Speaker 1: marketing the thing. Lot because the other contender were relatively 226 00:14:08,200 --> 00:14:10,280 Speaker 1: easy to make at home. It's like a little fried 227 00:14:10,320 --> 00:14:12,520 Speaker 1: potato pancake, kind of like a hash brown, like a 228 00:14:12,600 --> 00:14:17,720 Speaker 1: singular hash brown, a singular hashbrown. But the sufganiyat uh, 229 00:14:18,120 --> 00:14:20,520 Speaker 1: it was kind of difficult and most people would rather 230 00:14:20,560 --> 00:14:24,080 Speaker 1: go to professional baker than take on that endeavor. I 231 00:14:24,360 --> 00:14:28,640 Speaker 1: would too, um and this was, as you may surmise, 232 00:14:28,920 --> 00:14:32,480 Speaker 1: very successful. In two thousand and nine, around eighteen million 233 00:14:32,560 --> 00:14:34,960 Speaker 1: sufganiyat were consumed in the weeks leading up to and 234 00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:39,120 Speaker 1: during Hanukah. During those eight days, the Israeli Defense Force 235 00:14:39,200 --> 00:14:42,440 Speaker 1: buys fifty thousand sufganiyata a day for soldier and morale. 236 00:14:43,200 --> 00:14:47,360 Speaker 1: Seventy of the sufganiyat in Israel are jelly filled, but 237 00:14:47,520 --> 00:14:50,680 Speaker 1: other fillings have become more common, including the Brazilians preferred 238 00:14:50,720 --> 00:14:53,760 Speaker 1: filling of delta de Lache, which made its way back 239 00:14:53,920 --> 00:14:57,560 Speaker 1: to Israel. I've also heard that like anything goes like 240 00:14:57,760 --> 00:15:02,600 Speaker 1: up to like like for gras, champagne cream, gold leaf toppings. 241 00:15:03,320 --> 00:15:07,640 Speaker 1: How extravagant. All right, I love it. I want to 242 00:15:07,680 --> 00:15:13,120 Speaker 1: I want to flout donut mm hmmm. In The Washington 243 00:15:13,240 --> 00:15:16,800 Speaker 1: Post reported on a crime the jelly donut helped foil 244 00:15:17,400 --> 00:15:25,000 Speaker 1: more Jelly justice, jelly justice excellent bum bum. Okay, so 245 00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:29,600 Speaker 1: here's the quote. Jelly filled donuts were the downfall today 246 00:15:29,640 --> 00:15:33,040 Speaker 1: off a man attempting to rob a bakery at Pistol Point. First, 247 00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:36,840 Speaker 1: Mrs Pauline Keller, fifty two and spry for a grandmother 248 00:15:37,240 --> 00:15:39,680 Speaker 1: swung a bag of donuts and knocked the gun from 249 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,880 Speaker 1: his hand. Then her screams brought her husband from a 250 00:15:42,960 --> 00:15:45,360 Speaker 1: rear room. The bandit turned to flee, but slipped on 251 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:48,280 Speaker 1: a jelly covered dunker and skidded feet first into a 252 00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:52,120 Speaker 1: woman customer entering the front door. He was captured. I 253 00:15:52,480 --> 00:15:54,680 Speaker 1: feel like that that needed to have been read in 254 00:15:55,160 --> 00:15:58,640 Speaker 1: in the Transatlantic accent. That's the bandit turned to fleep 255 00:15:58,640 --> 00:16:00,560 Speaker 1: but slipped on a jelly covered dunk guards get a 256 00:16:00,560 --> 00:16:03,520 Speaker 1: feat first into it. I'll stop now. We do love 257 00:16:03,600 --> 00:16:06,760 Speaker 1: the translitt like accent in this office. It's pretty lovely, 258 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:11,440 Speaker 1: it is anyway. Anyway, Once World War two ended, a 259 00:16:11,560 --> 00:16:14,280 Speaker 1: sizeable amount of Polish immigrants settled in Detroit, and to 260 00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:17,160 Speaker 1: this day, punch Key Day is celebrated on Fat Tuesday 261 00:16:17,240 --> 00:16:20,960 Speaker 1: in Detroit. Yeah, and now we're going to talk about 262 00:16:21,000 --> 00:16:25,480 Speaker 1: fire safety. Laws. Five. Yeah, aren't you excited? Don't you excited? 263 00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:30,240 Speaker 1: I'm I am actually very excited about fire safety, aren't 264 00:16:30,280 --> 00:16:32,760 Speaker 1: we all? But first, one last break for a word 265 00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:46,840 Speaker 1: from our sponsor, and we're back. Thank you sponsor, Yes, 266 00:16:46,920 --> 00:16:51,280 Speaker 1: thank you sponsor. Okay, So fire safety laws here we go. 267 00:16:51,680 --> 00:16:54,160 Speaker 1: As we started to implement these in the US, it 268 00:16:54,280 --> 00:16:56,840 Speaker 1: precluded a lot of bakeries from being able to make 269 00:16:56,960 --> 00:17:01,280 Speaker 1: their own donuts friars our whole category, pretty dangerous camp. 270 00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:04,440 Speaker 1: This led to a spate of specialty donut shops who 271 00:17:04,800 --> 00:17:07,720 Speaker 1: could then sell their products not only to customers, but 272 00:17:07,800 --> 00:17:12,119 Speaker 1: two other bakeries who couldn't make their own. In Massachusetts 273 00:17:12,280 --> 00:17:16,119 Speaker 1: in the nineteen forties, William Rosenberg, the son of Jewish immigrants, 274 00:17:16,280 --> 00:17:19,600 Speaker 1: worked in industrial catering, and he went around selling snacks 275 00:17:19,640 --> 00:17:23,320 Speaker 1: out of these converted trucks near factories usually, and he 276 00:17:23,359 --> 00:17:27,480 Speaker 1: observed that of his sales came from coffee and donuts. 277 00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:32,480 Speaker 1: So in ninety eight he opened a donut shop in Quincy, Massachusetts, 278 00:17:32,840 --> 00:17:36,000 Speaker 1: America's donut heartland according to what I read, and he 279 00:17:36,200 --> 00:17:40,520 Speaker 1: called it Open Kettle. He targeted blue collar workers and 280 00:17:40,640 --> 00:17:44,600 Speaker 1: had the ambitious aspiration of offering fifty two donut varieties, 281 00:17:44,680 --> 00:17:48,240 Speaker 1: one for each week of the year, and two years 282 00:17:48,320 --> 00:17:55,119 Speaker 1: later Rosenberg changed the name to Duncan Donuts. Yep, that 283 00:17:55,359 --> 00:18:02,360 Speaker 1: Duncan Donuts. Five years later Rosenberg started franchising, buying out 284 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:05,440 Speaker 1: his skeptical business partner slash brother in law, and you 285 00:18:05,480 --> 00:18:08,080 Speaker 1: could find one hundred Duncan Donuts by nineteen sixty three 286 00:18:08,119 --> 00:18:12,520 Speaker 1: and one thousand by nineteen seventy nine. England's Allied Lions 287 00:18:12,600 --> 00:18:15,600 Speaker 1: bought Duncan Donuts and it's one thousand, eight hundred and 288 00:18:15,600 --> 00:18:19,760 Speaker 1: fifty locations in nine and the aforementioned previous business partner 289 00:18:20,440 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 1: he started a competing donut shop. I'm sure that their 290 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,240 Speaker 1: family get togethers were not intense at all. The first 291 00:18:26,320 --> 00:18:29,719 Speaker 1: donut franchise to get Kosher's supervision at some of its 292 00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:33,639 Speaker 1: branches called Mr Donut in nineteen fifty six, that Mr Donut, 293 00:18:34,000 --> 00:18:42,040 Speaker 1: That Mr Donut, Donut Feud, Donut Feud. Five thousand Duncan 294 00:18:42,119 --> 00:18:45,160 Speaker 1: Donuts were up and running by the time of Rosenberg's death, 295 00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:49,280 Speaker 1: and forty of them were Kosher supervised, altogether boasting two 296 00:18:49,359 --> 00:18:54,399 Speaker 1: million customers a day. Yeah, who knew Duncan Donuts And 297 00:18:54,560 --> 00:18:56,320 Speaker 1: this episode gave me an excuse to look at something 298 00:18:56,359 --> 00:19:01,040 Speaker 1: I've always wondered the spelling, the spell the correct spelling 299 00:19:01,080 --> 00:19:06,640 Speaker 1: of doughnut. So doughnut the longer one, um was the original. 300 00:19:07,320 --> 00:19:10,000 Speaker 1: The shortened one has existed since the eighteen hundred's, but 301 00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:14,720 Speaker 1: it was dunkin Donuts that brought it to the cultural psyche. Yeah, 302 00:19:15,040 --> 00:19:18,280 Speaker 1: doughnut is still the preferred spelling, with donut the long one. Yeah, 303 00:19:19,240 --> 00:19:21,320 Speaker 1: I am acting as if you can see what I'm 304 00:19:21,520 --> 00:19:24,560 Speaker 1: envisioning in my head. Yes, donut the preferred spelling is 305 00:19:24,600 --> 00:19:27,680 Speaker 1: the long one, with the shorter one used only about 306 00:19:27,880 --> 00:19:30,600 Speaker 1: one third of the time in American writing, but I've 307 00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:34,480 Speaker 1: been using them interchangeably throughout this entire outline. I'm lazy, 308 00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:37,920 Speaker 1: so I just say d o nut. Yeah, But doesn't 309 00:19:37,960 --> 00:19:41,000 Speaker 1: it It gives you the little red underline of not 310 00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:46,280 Speaker 1: spelled correctly. I learned to ignore those a long time ago. 311 00:19:47,160 --> 00:19:50,480 Speaker 1: I should take a page out of Lawrence book or 312 00:19:50,640 --> 00:19:54,000 Speaker 1: spell things correctly. That's nice too. I'll think about that later, 313 00:19:55,080 --> 00:19:58,320 Speaker 1: but for now, let's step back a bit. The year 314 00:19:58,400 --> 00:20:02,800 Speaker 1: is nineteen sixty three. Yes, JFK delivers a famous speech, 315 00:20:03,440 --> 00:20:06,960 Speaker 1: the most recognizable line from which is easily ick been 316 00:20:07,240 --> 00:20:11,440 Speaker 1: in Berliner. Now JEFFK had a reputation for mincing pronunciations 317 00:20:11,440 --> 00:20:16,000 Speaker 1: and other languages, and man, oh yeah, we can relate. 318 00:20:16,119 --> 00:20:20,080 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, this this episode alone, I'm sure. I'm sorry, y'all. Yeah, 319 00:20:21,359 --> 00:20:24,560 Speaker 1: we do our best. We looked it up, we did, 320 00:20:24,640 --> 00:20:27,120 Speaker 1: and so did he. He even wrote out the phonetic 321 00:20:27,200 --> 00:20:31,119 Speaker 1: pronunciation of Berliner the same way that we did in 322 00:20:31,200 --> 00:20:34,560 Speaker 1: this one. And in the sour Beer episode he deviated 323 00:20:34,640 --> 00:20:38,280 Speaker 1: from the speech written for him in over se the 324 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:40,800 Speaker 1: lines he thought it wasn't tough enough on the Soviets. 325 00:20:41,440 --> 00:20:44,960 Speaker 1: With the help of his German interpreter, JFK decided to 326 00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:47,680 Speaker 1: be more direct at his point about democracy's role in 327 00:20:47,720 --> 00:20:51,040 Speaker 1: the global stage and went with it been on Berliner 328 00:20:52,240 --> 00:20:54,400 Speaker 1: and over the years after that, all of these news 329 00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:57,200 Speaker 1: stories sprang up claiming that what he said was I 330 00:20:57,359 --> 00:21:01,600 Speaker 1: am jelly donut and at the only reason Germans didn't 331 00:21:01,680 --> 00:21:06,119 Speaker 1: laugh was because the situation was two tests. However, the 332 00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:09,640 Speaker 1: area around Berlin didn't really use the term. They instead 333 00:21:09,760 --> 00:21:16,760 Speaker 1: used the more fun fankin. I just did like funky. 334 00:21:17,119 --> 00:21:21,520 Speaker 1: Speaking of fun um, a spy novel called The Berlin Game, 335 00:21:21,560 --> 00:21:23,479 Speaker 1: written in nineteen eight three, you may have helped give 336 00:21:23,640 --> 00:21:26,679 Speaker 1: rise to this jelly donut mishap myth when it mentioned 337 00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:29,200 Speaker 1: that German cartoonist who went to town making fun of 338 00:21:29,320 --> 00:21:32,879 Speaker 1: JFK for the incident, which they did not know. And 339 00:21:32,920 --> 00:21:37,399 Speaker 1: then in The Times ran with an editorial previously appearing 340 00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:42,000 Speaker 1: in Newsweek titled I Am jelly filled Doughnut. That's kind 341 00:21:42,040 --> 00:21:44,800 Speaker 1: of solidified the whole thing. It was one of the 342 00:21:44,840 --> 00:21:47,159 Speaker 1: first things that popped up when I searched jelly donut. 343 00:21:47,800 --> 00:21:49,800 Speaker 1: And I wasn't sure why, but now I know, it 344 00:21:49,880 --> 00:21:52,000 Speaker 1: seems that it's just a myth. Though. Yeah, it's just 345 00:21:52,080 --> 00:21:54,920 Speaker 1: a yeah, well, I mean he said, I mean berliner 346 00:21:55,119 --> 00:21:58,680 Speaker 1: does mean jelly donut, and he did say I am 347 00:21:58,760 --> 00:22:03,080 Speaker 1: a Berliner, right, but everyone understood. Yeah, and in Berlin 348 00:22:03,600 --> 00:22:06,800 Speaker 1: where he was, it wasn't really called that anyway. Yeah, 349 00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:09,000 Speaker 1: it was really inspiring speech. It was it was like 350 00:22:09,040 --> 00:22:11,879 Speaker 1: the best proudest thing you could ever say is to 351 00:22:11,960 --> 00:22:15,800 Speaker 1: say that I am a Berliner. We are all ber Leaders. Yeah, 352 00:22:16,160 --> 00:22:19,200 Speaker 1: all jelly donuts. You're all jelly donuts, and I guess 353 00:22:19,240 --> 00:22:21,640 Speaker 1: when you think about it, we are. There's so many 354 00:22:21,720 --> 00:22:26,200 Speaker 1: layers to this. It's filled with layers. Oh my goodness, 355 00:22:27,560 --> 00:22:30,280 Speaker 1: the type of things that were filled with are different 356 00:22:30,400 --> 00:22:32,800 Speaker 1: than donuts, though, I've heard that a crop fin in 357 00:22:33,080 --> 00:22:36,160 Speaker 1: Germany are traditionally filled with rose hip jam. And I've 358 00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:38,880 Speaker 1: also heard that sometimes as a prank, folks will fill 359 00:22:38,920 --> 00:22:40,960 Speaker 1: a few with mustard and just mix some men with 360 00:22:41,000 --> 00:22:46,840 Speaker 1: the regular ones surprise your friends. Oh man, I really 361 00:22:46,920 --> 00:22:48,879 Speaker 1: want to do that, and I'm not sure what it 362 00:22:48,920 --> 00:22:51,440 Speaker 1: says about me. Oh no, well why did I give 363 00:22:51,440 --> 00:22:53,640 Speaker 1: you this idea? You were the one that was playing 364 00:22:53,680 --> 00:23:01,440 Speaker 1: that Bertie Butts terrible Brussian Roulette in game yesterday, being boozeled. 365 00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:04,960 Speaker 1: Oh excuse me being a bozzled Yeah, that's about what 366 00:23:05,040 --> 00:23:07,680 Speaker 1: we have to say about jelly donuts. Yes, like we said, 367 00:23:08,560 --> 00:23:11,720 Speaker 1: we will come back to other donuts later. Yeah, yeah, 368 00:23:11,760 --> 00:23:13,280 Speaker 1: there there was. There was too much we had to 369 00:23:13,400 --> 00:23:17,679 Speaker 1: we had to concentrate. Yes, donut holes. Oh yes, goodness, 370 00:23:17,720 --> 00:23:20,760 Speaker 1: it's kind of really good. But if anyone listening to 371 00:23:20,840 --> 00:23:25,000 Speaker 1: this around one of the many holidays or traditions that 372 00:23:25,359 --> 00:23:29,359 Speaker 1: include jelly filled donut of some type, I hope that 373 00:23:29,760 --> 00:23:31,720 Speaker 1: this gives you many facts to annoy your friends and 374 00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:34,400 Speaker 1: family with, and that you enjoy, enjoy yourself, and enjoy 375 00:23:34,880 --> 00:23:37,359 Speaker 1: a jelly donut. Man, I've never had a had a 376 00:23:37,600 --> 00:23:41,200 Speaker 1: like punch Key before. I'm really really looking forward to 377 00:23:41,240 --> 00:23:43,240 Speaker 1: finding them. I'm thinking that we should do that, and 378 00:23:43,320 --> 00:23:46,199 Speaker 1: then posted on social Oh that's a great place. Then 379 00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:50,679 Speaker 1: it's work and research, yes, research, But this brings us 380 00:23:50,720 --> 00:23:56,080 Speaker 1: to our listener mail list. Normal all right, Hannah wrote 381 00:23:56,160 --> 00:23:59,000 Speaker 1: in I've really been enjoying the ongoing series of listener 382 00:23:59,040 --> 00:24:03,760 Speaker 1: mail about finding familiar food when you're a broad. Yeah. 383 00:24:04,440 --> 00:24:07,480 Speaker 1: It reminded me of a story my dad always tells 384 00:24:07,520 --> 00:24:10,000 Speaker 1: me from when he was in the Marine Corps. My 385 00:24:10,119 --> 00:24:13,119 Speaker 1: dad was a logistic sky packing things up after desert 386 00:24:13,200 --> 00:24:16,080 Speaker 1: storm was over in ninety one. He was stationed near 387 00:24:16,119 --> 00:24:19,000 Speaker 1: a little town five kilometers north of the port of Jabal. 388 00:24:19,640 --> 00:24:22,160 Speaker 1: Because he was a logistics officer, he had a list 389 00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:25,040 Speaker 1: of local vendors for supply purposes, and one of those 390 00:24:25,160 --> 00:24:28,560 Speaker 1: vendors was, of all things, a pizza place. He and 391 00:24:28,680 --> 00:24:32,160 Speaker 1: another corporal were feeling restless and homesick, so they resolved 392 00:24:32,280 --> 00:24:35,840 Speaker 1: to order a pizza. He and the other corporal called 393 00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:38,119 Speaker 1: the number and please discover that the man on the 394 00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:41,879 Speaker 1: other end a spoke English, B, would accept American currency 395 00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:45,479 Speaker 1: and C would deliver to the place they were camped. 396 00:24:46,359 --> 00:24:49,440 Speaker 1: They ordered a large cheese pizza with pepperonian sausage, and 397 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:51,840 Speaker 1: were told that it would be forty five minutes. After 398 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:53,600 Speaker 1: about an hour, when they started to be afraid that 399 00:24:53,680 --> 00:24:56,600 Speaker 1: no pizza was forthcoming, a man puttered up in a 400 00:24:56,680 --> 00:24:59,240 Speaker 1: little car and gave them the pizza. My dad and 401 00:24:59,280 --> 00:25:01,760 Speaker 1: the other corporal hip the man generously and opened the box. 402 00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:04,480 Speaker 1: The crust, my dad said, was very good, and the 403 00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:06,760 Speaker 1: sauce was a normal tomato sauce. But the cheese is 404 00:25:06,800 --> 00:25:09,960 Speaker 1: goat cheese, not the crumbling kind, but, as my dad 405 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:13,960 Speaker 1: puts it, a goat approximation of mozzarella. The pepperoni and 406 00:25:13,960 --> 00:25:16,560 Speaker 1: sausage were both made of chicken ground with fennel no 407 00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:20,000 Speaker 1: porker beef, which was a lot like what they they'd 408 00:25:20,000 --> 00:25:23,640 Speaker 1: been eating for weeks as breakfast sausage. It was about 409 00:25:23,720 --> 00:25:26,720 Speaker 1: as unpizza like as pizza could be. Despite this, the 410 00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:29,080 Speaker 1: two of them polish it off in about forty minutes. 411 00:25:29,640 --> 00:25:31,520 Speaker 1: He said that when you're away from home so long, 412 00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:34,280 Speaker 1: you'll accept anything that's pretty close. His exact words are, 413 00:25:34,720 --> 00:25:40,159 Speaker 1: it was odd but tasty. Yeah, I I've kind of 414 00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:43,480 Speaker 1: gone on a weird I really want to know the 415 00:25:43,560 --> 00:25:47,280 Speaker 1: history of food delivery. Um So, when she sent this. 416 00:25:47,600 --> 00:25:50,080 Speaker 1: It got me thinking about just delivery in other countries 417 00:25:50,240 --> 00:25:53,920 Speaker 1: and ordering pizza, like just a series of looking what 418 00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:56,000 Speaker 1: you'll get when you order delivery pizza in a bunch 419 00:25:56,040 --> 00:26:00,320 Speaker 1: of different countries. Anyway, great, I love this story and yes, yeah, 420 00:26:00,600 --> 00:26:04,320 Speaker 1: thank you so much. Alex also sent us this lovely note. 421 00:26:05,040 --> 00:26:07,080 Speaker 1: I was listening to your rice episode and when you 422 00:26:07,160 --> 00:26:09,320 Speaker 1: were talking about cooking rice, my ears perked up when 423 00:26:09,320 --> 00:26:12,720 Speaker 1: I heard Annie say constant vigilance and reference Mattie Moody 424 00:26:12,760 --> 00:26:14,879 Speaker 1: from the Harry Potter series. You see, I am a 425 00:26:14,920 --> 00:26:17,840 Speaker 1: Potter super fan, and my bearded dragon named matt I 426 00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:20,480 Speaker 1: was sitting next to me while I listened. Naturally, I 427 00:26:20,640 --> 00:26:23,000 Speaker 1: turned and told her you guys were talking about her, 428 00:26:23,320 --> 00:26:26,000 Speaker 1: and in response, she just stared at me because well 429 00:26:26,080 --> 00:26:31,800 Speaker 1: she's a lizard. But Alex sent this pictures of her 430 00:26:31,920 --> 00:26:35,800 Speaker 1: lizard matt I beard bearded dragon matt Eye. Yeah, and 431 00:26:36,119 --> 00:26:38,200 Speaker 1: uh we got him while we were out and we 432 00:26:38,320 --> 00:26:43,520 Speaker 1: both freaked out in public. Very cute. Yes, yes, absolutely, 433 00:26:44,560 --> 00:26:46,919 Speaker 1: thanks for sending Yes, yes, I think, thank you. Thank 434 00:26:46,960 --> 00:26:48,359 Speaker 1: you both for writing in. If you would like to 435 00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:51,199 Speaker 1: do that thing, you can as well. Yes, our email 436 00:26:51,359 --> 00:26:54,080 Speaker 1: is food stuff at how stuff works dot com. We're 437 00:26:54,160 --> 00:26:57,920 Speaker 1: also on social media. We are on Twitter and Facebook 438 00:26:57,960 --> 00:27:00,840 Speaker 1: at food stuff HSW stands for how stuff Works. We're 439 00:27:00,880 --> 00:27:04,280 Speaker 1: also on Instagram at food stuff Well. Thanks to our 440 00:27:04,359 --> 00:27:07,520 Speaker 1: audio producer, Dylan Fagan. Uh, he's a little bit of 441 00:27:07,560 --> 00:27:10,359 Speaker 1: a mad eye as well. You can see through walls. 442 00:27:10,400 --> 00:27:14,600 Speaker 1: I bet I've long suspected. Yeah, it's a weird compliment, 443 00:27:14,600 --> 00:27:17,960 Speaker 1: but I'm going to roll with it. Uh. We hope 444 00:27:18,000 --> 00:27:19,719 Speaker 1: to hear from you, and we hope that lots more 445 00:27:19,760 --> 00:27:21,000 Speaker 1: good things are coming your way.