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Speaker 1: In the mid eighteen hundreds, settlers on the East coast

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Speaker 1: began to look west. The territories there promised a new

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Speaker 1: life and a place to generate wealth. Beginning there was

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Speaker 1: fraught with peril, and some of the best lands were

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Speaker 1: already inhabited by the indigenous peoples. Of course, building homesteads

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Speaker 1: and raising crops and cattle meant a lot of work.

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Speaker 1: Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas proposed the Kansas Nebraska Act of

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Speaker 1: eighteen fifty four, allowing the territories to permit slavery or

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Speaker 1: stay a free state. Nebraska remained a free state. Kansas

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Speaker 1: turned into a battleground, and so began the era known

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Speaker 1: as Bleeding Kansas. Abolitionists arrived hoping to keep Kansas a

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Speaker 1: free state. Thousands of heavily armed settlers also came to

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Speaker 1: Kansas with the intent to cast illegal votes and harassed

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Speaker 1: voters opposed to slavery. Murder and destruction escalated, with activists

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Speaker 1: from each side patrol neighborhoods for their enemies, destroying property

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Speaker 1: without mercy. The physical and psychological warfare forced many families

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Speaker 1: to flee. It's not a story we often associate with

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Speaker 1: early life on the frontier. But then again, the West

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Speaker 1: is full of legends, some familiar and some not so much.

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Speaker 1: I'm Aaron Manke, and welcome to the Wild West. When

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Speaker 1: we picture cowboys, we envision men like Clint Eastwood or

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Speaker 1: John Wayne. We see ten gallon hats and men driving

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Speaker 1: herds of cattle across in open range. The image of

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Speaker 1: men wearing caps, spurs and the iconic stets and hat

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Speaker 1: riding down dusty trails is an image that we all

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Speaker 1: have in our heads. But did you know that cowboys

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Speaker 1: didn't wear cowboy hats for starters? The traditional stetson hat

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Speaker 1: wasn't invented until eighteen sixty five, and even then people

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Speaker 1: didn't frequently wear them until the late nineteenth century. So

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Speaker 1: what did cowboys wear? They wore bowler hats, which were

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Speaker 1: originally designed in London in eighteen forty nine. The bowler

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Speaker 1: was a hat of choice from Batmasterson to Butch Cassidy

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Speaker 1: and the Sun Dance Kid. All right, so there's one

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Speaker 1: myth dispelled. Next up, how did the stetson earn the

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Speaker 1: nickname the ten gallon hat? Well, some stories claim that

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Speaker 1: it could hold ten gallons of water, which would honestly

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Speaker 1: take a hat of cartoonish size. Experts believe it might

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Speaker 1: have gotten the nickname from the braided headbands called galons

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Speaker 1: that Mexican vakos put on their sombreros. Some of their

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Speaker 1: sombreros were tall enough to fit ten headbands. American cowboys

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Speaker 1: referred to the ten gallon hats as ten gallon hats.

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Speaker 1: So where did the word cowboy come from? Anyway? Well, again,

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Speaker 1: you might be surprised. With the gold Rush, the Civil War,

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Speaker 1: and the push to colonize the West, settlers saw the

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Speaker 1: open and often cheap land out west as an opportunity

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Speaker 1: for those looking to escape debts. The Mexican territory is

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Speaker 1: now Texas was an attractive place to start fresh, whatever

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Speaker 1: the reasons. When the farmers and ranchers left the coast,

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Speaker 1: those who trafficked and enslaved people often took them along.

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Speaker 1: Over one hundred and eighty two thousand enslaved people lived

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Speaker 1: in Texas by eighteen sixty. When the Civil War started

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Speaker 1: in eighteen sixty one, Texas joined the Confederacy. Barbed wire

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Speaker 1: hadn't been invented yet, and keeping cattle from straying was

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Speaker 1: impossible without someone to round them up, so many of

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Speaker 1: these ranchers relied on enslaved people to work with the

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Speaker 1: cattle and other livestock. After the war, ranchers hired freed

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Speaker 1: African Americans as cowhans. The work was tough, often dangerous,

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Speaker 1: and physically challenging, but it's important to remember that those

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Speaker 1: who worked cattle in livestock were a very diverse group.

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Speaker 1: Most cowboys were either freed black men, Mexican or Native Americans.

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Speaker 1: But the word cowboy itself wasn't a post war term.

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Speaker 1: In fact, that word might have first appeared during the

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Speaker 1: American Revolution, when loyalists stole cattle to sell to the

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Speaker 1: Red Coats. In the Civil War, the term became a

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Speaker 1: sonociated with bushwhackers, men who took to forms of guerrilla

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Speaker 1: warfare and raids. In eighteen eighty one, a newspaper referenced cowboys,

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Speaker 1: writing that they were nothing more than lawless roaming gangs.

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Speaker 1: President Chester A. Arthur told Congress that cowboys had become

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Speaker 1: a menace in Arizona. In other words, those who worked

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Speaker 1: as cowboys were not well respected. It wouldn't be until

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Speaker 1: much later, though, that we idolized cowboys as the rough

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Speaker 1: and rugged men in movies and books. Earlier on, though,

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Speaker 1: because society looked down on cowboys, the men who worked

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Speaker 1: that job tended to form close bonds, and in a

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Speaker 1: job where longhorns needed extracting from shrubs and cattle needed

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Speaker 1: moving from one location to another, it's easy to see

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Speaker 1: the men had to depend on each other. In movies

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Speaker 1: and other media, cowboys are sometimes depicted as loaners, yet

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Speaker 1: life on the frontier met depending on others for survival.

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Speaker 1: Cowboys worked roads, slept, and ate together for companionship, safety,

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Speaker 1: and job efficiency. According to the te teen fifty California census,

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Speaker 1: ninety percent of the state's population were men, and sure

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Speaker 1: there were red light districts in cities and towns, but

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Speaker 1: life for extended periods at a time on the range

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Speaker 1: was typically void of women. Derogatory or not. Being a

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Speaker 1: cowboy was still a man's job, and like miners, the

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Speaker 1: men depended on each other, and while many did not

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Speaker 1: engage in sexual activities, they still created the same intimacy

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Speaker 1: and bonds found in traditional family units. Others, though, did

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Speaker 1: become more intimate, and remember, humans need love and companionship,

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Speaker 1: and without much human contact, especially from women, some of

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Speaker 1: the men found love where they could like William Drummond,

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Speaker 1: Stuart and Antoine Clement. When William's older brother died, William

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Speaker 1: returned to Scotland and Antoine followed. For several decades, we've

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Speaker 1: called the Old West the wild West, and while we

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Speaker 1: think we know how most people lived and worked, it

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Speaker 1: turns out life on the frontier didn't exactly fit Hollywood's description.

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Speaker 1: Charles Goodnight had a lot to say about Bo's I

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Speaker 1: Card brave, honest, and hard working, like so many enslaved people.

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Speaker 1: I Card's birthday was never recorded. The best estimate is

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Speaker 1: that he was born between eighteen forty three and eighteen

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Speaker 1: forty seven in Somerville, Mississippi, but that's a huge gap.

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Speaker 1: He and his mother were both owned by doctor Milton

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Speaker 1: I Card. Bows grew up with the doctor's son, and

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Speaker 1: there is some speculation that the doctor might have also

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Speaker 1: been Boz's father. The i Cards moved to Texas in

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Speaker 1: eighteen fifty two, settling in Parker County. Settlers there often

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Speaker 1: fought with Comanche and Kiowa tribes, who were less than

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Speaker 1: pleased with settlers encroaching on their homeland. The I Cards

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Speaker 1: took to cattle ranching, and young Bos helped with the livestock.

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Speaker 1: Doctor Icard served with the Confederate Army during the Civil War,

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Speaker 1: leaving Bos and others to manage the cattle. He returned

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Speaker 1: after the war, but the Emancipation Proclamation forced him to

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Speaker 1: free his enslaved people on the ranch, although he did

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Speaker 1: offer to hire them instead. All of them chose to stay,

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Speaker 1: but it isn't clear if they did so because they

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Speaker 1: had no other opportunities, or if they stayed because they

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Speaker 1: wanted to. In eighteen sixty six, Bose took a job

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Speaker 1: with Oliver Loving. The ranch had a particularly stubborn horse

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Speaker 1: that threw everyone who tried to break it. The other

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Speaker 1: ranch hands challenged Bos to ride it to stop the

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Speaker 1: bronco from bucking Bows bit the horse. Instead of working

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Speaker 1: the ranch as merely a cow hand, Bos helped drive

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Speaker 1: the cattle to market. Now it took ten cowboys to

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Speaker 1: drive the cattle, and each cowboy had three horses. In addition,

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Speaker 1: the crew included a trail boss, a cook, and a

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Speaker 1: horse wrangler to care for the spare horses on trail drives.

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Speaker 1: The cook was the one who was the most respected.

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Speaker 1: Their job entailed driving the chuck wagon, preparing the meals,

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Speaker 1: and managing medical supplies. The horse wrangler held the most

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Speaker 1: entry level position, and every drive cost a rancher one

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Speaker 1: thousand dollars in wages and supplies. Once the cowboys got

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Speaker 1: the cattle to their destination, to brancher sold the herd

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Speaker 1: for roughly twenty to thirty five dollars per head, and

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Speaker 1: then the trail boss paid the crew, cutting them loose

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Speaker 1: to do as they wished. After spending months on the road,

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Speaker 1: the men naturally headed to towns for baths, shaves, haircuts,

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Speaker 1: and to do some drinking and gambling. Now typically the

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Speaker 1: cattle were loaded onto trains heading out to Dodge City,

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Speaker 1: although some drives took the crew as far as Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana,

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Speaker 1: and other northern cities. As for Bos, who worked for

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Speaker 1: the team of Oliver Loving and his partner Charles Goodnight,

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Speaker 1: they stuck to a stretch of trail from Texas to Wyoming.

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Speaker 1: The trail, created in eighteen sixty six became known as

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Speaker 1: the good Night Loving Trail. The journey to Wyoming came

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Speaker 1: with plenty of danger too. The cowboys and crew traveled

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Speaker 1: a long distance, some of which took them across hostile

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Speaker 1: Native American territory. And of course there was the cattle

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Speaker 1: to care for. A crew of eighteen cowboys set out

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Speaker 1: from Fort Belknat, Texas on June sixth of eighteen sixty six,

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Speaker 1: with two thousand Texas Longhorns in their care. Bows not

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Speaker 1: only he helped drive the cattle, but good Night also

153
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Speaker 1: trusted him to carry the money that they made while

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Speaker 1: on the road. The crew made another drive in the

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Speaker 1: summer of eighteen sixty seven. This time Oliver Loving and

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Speaker 1: another crew member rode ahead. Comanches attacked the men, and

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Speaker 1: Loving later died from his injuries. The drive couldn't be stopped, though,

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Speaker 1: and they pushed on, collecting Loving's body on the return trip.

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Speaker 1: They carried his body home and gave him a proper burial.

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Speaker 1: Bows decided to retire from life on the trail in

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Speaker 1: eighteen sixty nine. Initially, he planned to settle in Colorado,

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Speaker 1: but Goodnight talked him into purchasing a farm in Weatherford,

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Speaker 1: Texas instead. Bo's agreed. Good Night visited his friend whenever

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Speaker 1: he passed through Parker County. Census data shows that Bos

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Speaker 1: and his new wife, Angelina settled into a farming life

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Speaker 1: and raised their children there. Every now and then, Bows

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Speaker 1: reunited with his fellow cowboys and friends. He lived a

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Speaker 1: good life and passed away on January fourth of nineteen

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Speaker 1: twenty nine at his sister's house in Austin, Texas. His

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Speaker 1: family returned his Bo to Weatherford and buried him in

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Speaker 1: the Greenwood Cemetery. Charles good Night more in the loss

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Speaker 1: by making sure Bo's could never be forgotten. He paid

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Speaker 1: for a monument to mark his friend's grave. Women had

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Speaker 1: few opportunities in the nineteenth century. The law prohibited women

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Speaker 1: from inheriting or owning property. In many of the Eastern States,

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Speaker 1: jobs were limited for single women. The most common forms

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Speaker 1: of employment were teachers and governesses, and neither paid enough

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Speaker 1: to live on. Others turned to sex work. The only

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Speaker 1: financial security women had was to marry well. Marriage presented

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Speaker 1: another set of problems, though many had to choose between

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Speaker 1: financial security and physical and mental well being. And although

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Speaker 1: the West was just as male dominated as the East,

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Speaker 1: if a woman had a little money and a lot

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Speaker 1: of tenacity and luck, she just might have a few

185
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Speaker 1: more options, including purchasing land, and such was the case

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Speaker 1: for Elizabeth with Ellen Johnson, her parents Thomas Jefferson Johnson

187
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Speaker 1: and Catherine welcomed her as their second child in eighteen forty.

188
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Speaker 1: After Elizabeth, the couple would have five more children together.

189
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Speaker 1: They moved from town to town to follow her father's

190
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Speaker 1: teaching jobs, before settling in Bear Creek, Texas. Now. Elizabeth's

191
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Speaker 1: father believed in giving his children a solid education, and

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Speaker 1: Lizzie and her siblings went to the Johnson Institute for

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Speaker 1: their basic education. There's no evidence suggesting that the Johnsons

194
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Speaker 1: had any affiliation with the institute of the same name, though. Lizzie,

195
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Speaker 1: as she'd come to be known, earned her degree from

196
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Speaker 1: the Chapel Hill Female College in eighteen fifty nine, and

197
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Speaker 1: she followed in her father's footsteps becoming a teacher. She

198
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Speaker 1: worked at the Johnson Institute before founding a primary school

199
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Speaker 1: in Austin, and then more teaching jobs followed after that.

200
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Speaker 1: She taught at the Lockhart Pleasant Hill School, the Parsons Seminary,

201
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Speaker 1: and the Oak Grove Academy. Lizzie eventually bought property in

202
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Speaker 1: eighteen seventy three, choosing to teach classes on the first

203
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Speaker 1: floor of her two story home. In addition to teaching,

204
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Speaker 1: she wrote and submitted stories to popular magazines and kept

205
00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:08,440
Speaker 1: books for local ranchers, and because of her interactions with them,

206
00:12:08,559 --> 00:12:12,480
Speaker 1: Lizzie learned how profitable cattle ranching could actually be. Her

207
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Speaker 1: investment in a cattle company earned her a nice profit.

208
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Speaker 1: She took the money and bought land and more cattle,

209
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Speaker 1: registering her brand on June first of eighteen seventy one.

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Speaker 1: Seven years later, in eighteen seventy eight, she received a

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Speaker 1: grant for the one hundred and sixty acres, which allowed

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Speaker 1: her to run her business without consulting the men in

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Speaker 1: her life. Lizzie married Hezekiel George Williams on June eighth

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Speaker 1: of eighteen seventy nine. Hez, as his friends and family

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Speaker 1: called him, had been a widower with children in a

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Speaker 1: reverse role. He might have been looking for financial support,

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Speaker 1: but Lizzie knew enough to protect her hard earned money.

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Speaker 1: Hez signed a prenup agreement before their wedding. He and

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Speaker 1: Lizzie kept their business and their money separate. Hez didn't

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Speaker 1: share in his wife's business sense, and Lizzie often loaned

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Speaker 1: him money, although she was clear that he had to

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Speaker 1: pay her back. While there were other female ranchers out there,

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Speaker 1: Lizzie might have been the first to participate in a

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Speaker 1: cattle drive. She made the two month journey up the

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Speaker 1: Chisholm Trail several times, earning her the title of the

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Speaker 1: Cattle Queen of Texas. Now and then, Hez would join

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Speaker 1: his wife on the trip. Ever, the entrepreneur, Lizzie branched

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Speaker 1: into real estate after that, purchasing land and ranches in

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Speaker 1: several counties. At one point, she even owned the Brugerhoff Building,

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Speaker 1: which had been a temporary home to the Supreme Court.

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Speaker 1: Her husband's lack of financial finesse, though, caused a couple

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Speaker 1: plenty of problems. During a negotiation with Cuba over cattle,

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Speaker 1: Hez was actually taken hostage. Lizzie paid the fifty thousand

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Speaker 1: dollars ransom to rescue her husband. In eighteen ninety six,

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Speaker 1: she bought her husband's cattle business for twenty grand. Whatever

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Speaker 1: storms the couple weathered, though, it was clear to everyone

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Speaker 1: how much they loved each other, and when Hez passed

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Speaker 1: away in nineteen fourteen, Lizzie became a recluse. After that,

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Speaker 1: she moved to an apartment in Austin. Who met her

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Speaker 1: there believed that she was poor. Imagine their surprise after

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Speaker 1: her death on October ninth of nineteen twenty four, when

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Speaker 1: Lizzie's heirs learned that she still owned several properties and

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Speaker 1: distributed on each of those properties, they found diamonds, other

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Speaker 1: expensive jewelry, and other valuables. Her total worth came to

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Speaker 1: nearly two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Her family buried

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Speaker 1: her next to Hez in the Oakwood Cemetery. Lizzie, the

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Speaker 1: cattle Queen of Texas, proved that even in the earliest

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Speaker 1: days of the West, women could still break the glass ceiling.

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Speaker 1: To this day, we are fascinated with the American West,

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Speaker 1: and for good reason. There's no shortage of stories and

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Speaker 1: interesting details. From bowler hats and stetsons to how cowboys

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Speaker 1: got their name, there is always an interesting detail or two.

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Speaker 1: The Gold Rush and the westward expansion during the mid

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Speaker 1: eighteen hundreds brought on a new problem though, feeding all

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Speaker 1: those settlers. While we think of cattle, sheep became a

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Speaker 1: necessary commodity and provided food and wool. The favored sheep

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Speaker 1: were Marinos, a breed that originated in Spain. The Germans

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Speaker 1: crossbred the marino with a Saxon sheep and brought this

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Speaker 1: new breed to Australia. Basque herders from Spain traveled to Australia,

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Speaker 1: bought sheep, and then sailed to the American West. And

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Speaker 1: while we think of cowboys on horses, to herd cattle

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Speaker 1: sheep were a bit different. For that cowboys used dogs.

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Speaker 1: Eastern settlers often used English shepherds, border Collies and other

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Speaker 1: collie breeds, but the Basque herders brought rough and rugged

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Speaker 1: dogs with them that were a cross between English herding breeds,

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Speaker 1: and these new dogs took on a lot of responsibilities too.

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Speaker 1: They herded the sheep, provided companionship, and sometimes even served

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Speaker 1: as guard dogs. Of course, the herding dogs from Great

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Speaker 1: Britain inner bread with the newcomers, creating a new breed. Frequently,

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Speaker 1: these new dogs sported merril coat colors and were sometimes

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Speaker 1: born without a tail or a short bob. Their intelligence,

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Speaker 1: their bravery, and their strong work ethic caught everyone's attention.

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Speaker 1: Native Americans revered the dogs, calling them ghost Eye for

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Speaker 1: their pale blue eyes. Shaggy and powerful. The dog's endurance

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Speaker 1: and loyalty made them a favorite for tending sheep and

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Speaker 1: companionship during long months on the trail. Although this new

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Speaker 1: breed had been created in America, Western settlers knew them

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Speaker 1: as the little herding dogs from Australia. In the following decades,

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Speaker 1: the breed's courage and agility made them favorites at rodeos

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Speaker 1: and as circus performers. The Australian shepherd began in the

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Speaker 1: Old West and is as American as the cowboy. Keeping

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Speaker 1: a thousand head of cattle or sheep from wandering off

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Speaker 1: was hard work, though dogs helped, but the real change

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Speaker 1: came in the early eighteen seventies. On October twenty seventh

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Speaker 1: of eighteen seventy three, Joseph Gliddon, a farmer in Illinois,

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Speaker 1: changed life for the cowboy when he applied for a

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Speaker 1: patent on his own version of the barbed wire fence.

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Speaker 1: His take improved the design by twisting two strands instead

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Speaker 1: of one. As you might imagine, a single strand of

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Speaker 1: wire was no match for a longhorn steer intent on

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Speaker 1: grazing a green patch of grass on the other side

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Speaker 1: of a fence. Ranchers needed something more than just stronger wire,

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Speaker 1: though they needed something spiky. But the barbed single strand

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Speaker 1: version had a devastating effect on cattle and bison. It

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Speaker 1: turned out that neither animal could see the single strand

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Speaker 1: very well, and they frequently became ensnared, unable to free

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Speaker 1: themselves bow they died of starvation, thirst one, or infection

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Speaker 1: that mustard told cheap and counted. Through this brief sponsor,

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Speaker 1: farmers and ranchers across the nation found the improved version

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Speaker 1: of barbed wire indispensable for keeping livestock from roaming off

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Speaker 1: or eating certain crops. The fence was great news for

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Speaker 1: farmers and ranchers, but not the cowboy driving cattle to

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Speaker 1: the railroads. Those fences blocked off the land that they

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Speaker 1: had once driven their cattle across, and now there were

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Speaker 1: fewer cowboys at that time to handle these more complicated drives.

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Speaker 1: In a way, barbed wire did exactly what it promised

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Speaker 1: to do to keep boundaries secure, but in the process

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Speaker 1: it put an end to one of the ideals that

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Speaker 1: made the West so wild to begin with, proving once

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Speaker 1: again that progress isn't always a friend to folklore. The

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Speaker 1: cowboy is a central figure of wild West folklore, so

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Speaker 1: I hope you enjoyed today's journey through some of those tales.

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Speaker 2: Hollywood has created quite a few notable wild West characters.

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Speaker 2: One of The most recognizable is the Lone Ranger. Children

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Speaker 2: across America tuned in to watch the popular TV show

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Speaker 2: featuring a masked white man on a white horse, riding

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Speaker 2: wrongs and serving justice alongside his Native American sidekick Tonto.

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Speaker 2: Few know that the character is inspired by a real

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Speaker 2: Old West hero, Bass Reeves. Despite being one of the

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Speaker 2: most accomplished lawmen of the time, Bass's story has been

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Speaker 2: largely overlooked by mainstream history books. Born into slavery in

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Speaker 2: Crawford County, Arkansas, in eighteen thirty eight, he was just

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Speaker 2: eight years old when State Legislator William S. Reeves moved

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Speaker 2: to Grayson County, Texas and took Bass, his parents, and

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Speaker 2: other enslaved workers with him. Not long after they arrived,

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Speaker 2: Reeves gave Bass to his son, Colonel George R.

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Speaker 1: Reeves.

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Speaker 2: Over the years, Bass grew to be an enormous man,

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Speaker 2: standing at over six feet two inches tall. Sources say

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Speaker 2: he possessed good manners and an even better sense of humor.

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Speaker 2: But when the war broke out, George Reeves took Bass

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Speaker 2: with him when he went to fight for the Confederacy.

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Speaker 2: It was during the war that the two parted ways.

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Speaker 2: Some say Bass managed to escape. Other sources claim that

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Speaker 2: Bass and George got into a fight over a card

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Speaker 2: game and the argument turned violent. According to the story,

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Speaker 2: Bass seriously injured George, and either way, Bass fled to

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Speaker 2: Native American territory, where he couldn't be pursued. Over the years,

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Speaker 2: he lived among the Seminole and Creek tribes and learned

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Speaker 2: their languages and customs. With the Emancipation Proclamation, Bass could

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Speaker 2: leave the tribes and return to the United States and

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Speaker 2: to Arkansas. In eighteen sixty three, he settled down and

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Speaker 2: became a farmer. A year later, he married Nellie Jenny,

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Speaker 2: and the two started a family, eventually having five girls

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Speaker 2: and five boys. To supplement the family income, Bass occasionally

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Speaker 2: worked for the US Deputy Marshals. Fate had something exciting

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Speaker 2: in store for Bass. In eighteen seventy five, Isaac Parker,

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Speaker 2: the newly appointed judge of the Western District of Arkansas,

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Speaker 2: was looking for a US marshal to bring law and

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Speaker 2: order to the lawless Indian territory. Parker was known as

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Speaker 2: the Hanging Judge and was famous for his tough stance

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Speaker 2: on crime and his determination to bring order to the

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Speaker 2: wild West. Parker appointed U. S. Marshal James f fakein

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Speaker 2: to up approximately two hundred deputies. Fagan learned that Bass

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Speaker 2: could speak several different languages and that he had a

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Speaker 2: solid knowledge of the area. Bass Reeves was clearly an

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Speaker 2: unmatched asset and was hired in short order. Fagan appointed

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Speaker 2: Bass as a deputy U. S. Marshal, making him the

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Speaker 2: first African American to hold the position. Bass was a

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Speaker 2: skilled tracker and marksman, and he quickly gained a reputation

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Speaker 2: as a fearless lawman who always got his man. Throughout

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Speaker 2: his career, Bass arrested more than three thousand felons and

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Speaker 2: was credited with killing fourteen outlaws in self defense. Bass

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Speaker 2: was ingenius. He created clever disguises, using everything from a

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Speaker 2: preacher's frock to farmer's overalls to blend in with his

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Speaker 2: surroundings and catch his targets off guard. One of Bass's

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Speaker 2: most famous cases involved taking down the notorious outlaw Bob Doser,

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Speaker 2: who had been terrorizing the Oklahoma territory for years. Bass

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Speaker 2: spent months tracking Doser, known for his sharpshooting ability and

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Speaker 2: his talent for eluding the law, but Bass finally caught

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Speaker 2: up with him and in an epic shootout killed Dojer,

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Speaker 2: ending the outlaw's reign of terror. Bassue cut an imposing

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Speaker 2: figure on a large white stallion and dressed sharp, with

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Speaker 2: a pair of cold pistols at his hips. Adept at

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Speaker 2: shooting from his right or his left hand, bass was

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Speaker 2: a quick draw and usually hit his mark. Bassa's exploits

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Speaker 2: became legendary in his own time, and he inspired countless

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Speaker 2: dime novels and tall tales, but his legacy goes beyond

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Speaker 2: his feats as a lawman. Basa's story is a testament

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Speaker 2: to his resilience and determination during one of the most

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Speaker 2: challenging periods in American history. Bass's life also serves as

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Speaker 2: a reminder that history is often shaped by the stories

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Speaker 2: that are told and retold. Today, the story of bass

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Speaker 2: Reeves is finally being rediscovered and rightfully celebrated.

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Speaker 1: Grimm and Maud Presents The Wild West was executive produced

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Speaker 1: by me Aaron Manky and hosted by Aaron Mankey and

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Speaker 1: Alexandra Steed. Writing for this season was provided by Michelle Mudo,

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Speaker 1: with research by Alexandra Steed, Sam Alberty, Cassandra de Alba,

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Speaker 1: and Harry Marx. Fact Checking was performed by Jamie Vargas,

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Speaker 1: with sensitivity reading by Stacy Parshall Jensen. Production assistance was

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Speaker 1: provided by Josh Stain, Jesse Funk, Alex Williams, and Matt Frederick.

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Speaker 1: To learn more about this and other shows from Grim

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Speaker 1: and Mild and iHeartRadio, visit Grimandmild dot com