1 00:00:00,160 --> 00:00:07,160 Speaker 1: Oh boy. So when this classic episode is uh, hitting, 2 00:00:07,720 --> 00:00:12,280 Speaker 1: hitting your earbells, hitting your ear drums, uh, you are 3 00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:15,240 Speaker 1: probably if you're in the US, you're probably aware that 4 00:00:15,320 --> 00:00:20,480 Speaker 1: it is trick or treating season, right, Halloween big big 5 00:00:20,520 --> 00:00:23,640 Speaker 1: time for candy. As a matter of fact, the end 6 00:00:23,680 --> 00:00:26,320 Speaker 1: of the year in the West is always a big 7 00:00:26,360 --> 00:00:29,320 Speaker 1: time for candy. People like desserts. They're like the sweets 8 00:00:29,480 --> 00:00:33,040 Speaker 1: you get together. People are like, you know, happy Hannukah, 9 00:00:33,080 --> 00:00:37,120 Speaker 1: Merry Christmas, whatever, And here, you know, it's the time 10 00:00:37,159 --> 00:00:40,960 Speaker 1: of year when even people who don't ordinarily eat sweet 11 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:46,040 Speaker 1: things make an exception. And if you are not from 12 00:00:46,120 --> 00:00:49,400 Speaker 1: the US and you have ever visited, you have probably 13 00:00:49,440 --> 00:00:54,880 Speaker 1: been surprised by learning how sweet everything is. There is 14 00:00:54,960 --> 00:00:59,480 Speaker 1: some form of sweetness, whether an artificial sweetener, plain old 15 00:00:59,520 --> 00:01:04,520 Speaker 1: sugar or cane sugar or what have you. It's in everything, 16 00:01:05,360 --> 00:01:11,000 Speaker 1: and we have to ask how we got there. Matt, 17 00:01:11,040 --> 00:01:14,240 Speaker 1: is this one of the ones? This feels like almost 18 00:01:14,240 --> 00:01:19,160 Speaker 1: similar to the glitter episode. I don't think. I don't 19 00:01:19,160 --> 00:01:21,240 Speaker 1: think when we started the show that either of us 20 00:01:21,400 --> 00:01:26,600 Speaker 1: knew just how deep the sugar conspiracy goes. No, we 21 00:01:26,680 --> 00:01:29,920 Speaker 1: did not know, but as we have learned, it's in everything. 22 00:01:30,600 --> 00:01:35,760 Speaker 1: It's in everything. So let's find out just how sweet 23 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:39,959 Speaker 1: this sugar conspiracy goes sweet. Yeah, it goes real sweet. 24 00:01:40,640 --> 00:01:45,040 Speaker 1: From UFOs to psychic powers and government conspiracies, history is 25 00:01:45,160 --> 00:01:49,480 Speaker 1: riddled with unexplained events. You can turn back now or 26 00:01:49,600 --> 00:02:04,960 Speaker 1: learn the stuff they don't want you to know. Hello, 27 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:07,200 Speaker 1: and welcome back to the show. My name is Matt 28 00:02:07,480 --> 00:02:10,560 Speaker 1: Rama ding Dong. Y'all, my name is no. They call 29 00:02:10,680 --> 00:02:13,600 Speaker 1: me Ben. You are you and you're the most important 30 00:02:13,639 --> 00:02:16,359 Speaker 1: part of this show. Thanks for dropping by to stuff 31 00:02:16,360 --> 00:02:18,520 Speaker 1: that they don't want you to know. It's really good 32 00:02:18,560 --> 00:02:21,360 Speaker 1: to see you. I'm really sorry about that, Ramo Lama day. 33 00:02:21,360 --> 00:02:23,239 Speaker 1: I was just trying something new. I thought it was good. 34 00:02:24,080 --> 00:02:27,080 Speaker 1: I was talking. I was talking to to him or 35 00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:30,640 Speaker 1: her that is listening. Come on, oh my bad to 36 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:32,360 Speaker 1: all of them. Wait, look at me making it all 37 00:02:32,360 --> 00:02:35,880 Speaker 1: about me. You've got a song in your heart. My friends, 38 00:02:36,200 --> 00:02:41,840 Speaker 1: hut it out. We are we are vast, we contain multitudes, 39 00:02:41,880 --> 00:02:45,080 Speaker 1: according to Walt Whitman, and we're not any of us 40 00:02:45,120 --> 00:02:49,240 Speaker 1: a single solitary thing. But due to the nature of 41 00:02:49,280 --> 00:02:52,640 Speaker 1: today's episode, we do want to establish at the beginning 42 00:02:52,919 --> 00:02:56,639 Speaker 1: that we are not doctors. This is true, no m 43 00:02:56,720 --> 00:03:01,080 Speaker 1: d here at least no any I'm not a physician's assistant, 44 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:05,280 Speaker 1: not in our nh. Yeah, well I guess we should 45 00:03:05,320 --> 00:03:10,680 Speaker 1: amend that because your nol is a music doctor. I'm 46 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:13,800 Speaker 1: a doctor of funk. Yeah, and that's not even true. 47 00:03:13,880 --> 00:03:17,119 Speaker 1: And that's a that's a love doctor, doctor of love. Well, 48 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:21,720 Speaker 1: you know we're gonna leave it there, man, But seriously, 49 00:03:21,760 --> 00:03:25,440 Speaker 1: this is not medical advice. This is, however, a pretty 50 00:03:25,480 --> 00:03:30,320 Speaker 1: scary story, and it starts off so sweetly. Today we're 51 00:03:30,360 --> 00:03:32,920 Speaker 1: talking about sugar. We're gonna tell it to you completely. 52 00:03:35,160 --> 00:03:39,040 Speaker 1: So maybe we could talk about some of our personal experiences. 53 00:03:39,080 --> 00:03:43,119 Speaker 1: Are you guys fans of sweets sweet things? I used 54 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:46,520 Speaker 1: to be much more so, but in my cantankerous old age, 55 00:03:46,680 --> 00:03:50,320 Speaker 1: I feel like I have sort of soured to the sweet. 56 00:03:50,520 --> 00:03:53,080 Speaker 1: I'm much more of a savory guy. Back before my 57 00:03:53,080 --> 00:03:56,360 Speaker 1: house stuff works days, mountain dew was my lifeblood with 58 00:03:56,440 --> 00:04:00,240 Speaker 1: the monster days after that, right, h yeah, monster without sugar. Though, 59 00:04:00,400 --> 00:04:03,240 Speaker 1: I've never been a sugary energy drink person, but the 60 00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:07,280 Speaker 1: mountain dew, my god, I don't. I don't particularly eat 61 00:04:07,360 --> 00:04:09,160 Speaker 1: sweet things. I used to love soda. That was the 62 00:04:09,200 --> 00:04:14,120 Speaker 1: one exception. And the I'm sure my dentist is grateful 63 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:16,719 Speaker 1: for that. But the the one thing that I always 64 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:21,080 Speaker 1: found weird in social situations is if someone offers you 65 00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:24,280 Speaker 1: a piece of cake because it's somebody else's birthday, you're 66 00:04:24,360 --> 00:04:27,559 Speaker 1: kind of obligated to at least take a piece. And 67 00:04:28,120 --> 00:04:29,840 Speaker 1: that would be the only time that I have is 68 00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:32,760 Speaker 1: sweet because people were with the soft rules of society 69 00:04:32,880 --> 00:04:34,839 Speaker 1: obligating me to do it. You know. I just said 70 00:04:34,880 --> 00:04:36,359 Speaker 1: all that stuff, and last night I was at a 71 00:04:36,360 --> 00:04:40,760 Speaker 1: farmer's market and bought a big old piece of teremy sue. Yeah, 72 00:04:40,839 --> 00:04:42,960 Speaker 1: that's mostly coffee, though, see, every once in a while, 73 00:04:44,520 --> 00:04:48,280 Speaker 1: mostly coffee. You gotta reward yourself, I feel. I feel 74 00:04:48,320 --> 00:04:51,880 Speaker 1: that every once in a while. Yeah. And so we 75 00:04:52,080 --> 00:04:55,720 Speaker 1: all in the United States and abroad, we all continually 76 00:04:55,800 --> 00:04:58,760 Speaker 1: run into sweet things, right, And the basis of those 77 00:04:58,760 --> 00:05:03,000 Speaker 1: sweet things most of the time is sugar. But what 78 00:05:03,240 --> 00:05:07,520 Speaker 1: is sugar? Why? It's a simple carbohydrate. Ben It's responsible 79 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:10,080 Speaker 1: for that sweet taste in all those foods that you 80 00:05:10,200 --> 00:05:14,040 Speaker 1: daily beloved. Why is it called a carbohydrate, Matt Wells Simple, 81 00:05:14,480 --> 00:05:20,800 Speaker 1: it's because it's got a carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Well, 82 00:05:20,839 --> 00:05:23,520 Speaker 1: it's like it's like in terms of calories. So one 83 00:05:23,600 --> 00:05:27,120 Speaker 1: teaspoon of white sugar has about sixteen calories, about four 84 00:05:27,160 --> 00:05:30,320 Speaker 1: per gram. And it gives you that quick boom, that snap, 85 00:05:31,560 --> 00:05:38,560 Speaker 1: that snap crack, that ramamding dog, that rammeding dogs. It worked. Uh. 86 00:05:38,600 --> 00:05:40,840 Speaker 1: It gives you that quick dose of energy so your 87 00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:43,440 Speaker 1: body can process in. Your body can process it faster 88 00:05:43,640 --> 00:05:49,240 Speaker 1: than complex carbohydrates or proteins. But friends and neighbors be 89 00:05:49,320 --> 00:05:52,120 Speaker 1: aware if you eat too much sugar, the excess energy 90 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:55,200 Speaker 1: may be stored as fat. Remember that part because it's 91 00:05:55,320 --> 00:05:59,360 Speaker 1: very important later. But sugar isn't just a sweetener, right, 92 00:05:59,400 --> 00:06:03,600 Speaker 1: It's also of super useful preservative. So, for example, sugar 93 00:06:04,279 --> 00:06:08,440 Speaker 1: helps to hinder the growth of bacteria in jam um. 94 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:11,320 Speaker 1: It can also be used as a bulking agent or 95 00:06:11,360 --> 00:06:15,960 Speaker 1: an additive to food that gives certain kinds of textures. Um. 96 00:06:16,120 --> 00:06:19,839 Speaker 1: And sometimes even it's added to accelerate fermentation or to 97 00:06:20,120 --> 00:06:24,279 Speaker 1: change the boiling or freezing point of a particular dish. 98 00:06:24,360 --> 00:06:27,960 Speaker 1: You want to talk about fermentation. Uh, we gotta get 99 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:31,000 Speaker 1: into beer really fast. I had no idea how much 100 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:34,440 Speaker 1: sugar was in beer. Oh yeah, yeah, until i I've 101 00:06:34,440 --> 00:06:35,960 Speaker 1: really got into I p a s for a little 102 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:39,080 Speaker 1: bit there and there was a list that came out 103 00:06:39,200 --> 00:06:44,240 Speaker 1: in I think maybe that was looking at specifically the 104 00:06:44,320 --> 00:06:48,040 Speaker 1: big Foot Sierra Nevada beer, which was one of my favorites, 105 00:06:48,520 --> 00:06:50,800 Speaker 1: and the thing it was like eating a slice of 106 00:06:50,839 --> 00:06:56,200 Speaker 1: cake every every beer you had. That's true, even the 107 00:06:56,240 --> 00:06:59,479 Speaker 1: beer that is advertised as light will have a higher 108 00:06:59,200 --> 00:07:02,640 Speaker 1: high have a level of sugar involved. That might surprise people, 109 00:07:02,640 --> 00:07:06,280 Speaker 1: because that's how you make it right, right fermentation. So 110 00:07:06,800 --> 00:07:10,440 Speaker 1: when we hear the words sugar, most of us probably 111 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:15,800 Speaker 1: think of table sugar. You know that white stuff. Yeah, yeah, 112 00:07:15,840 --> 00:07:19,480 Speaker 1: the crystalline, insanely sweet thing we buy grocery stores. But 113 00:07:19,560 --> 00:07:22,480 Speaker 1: the truth is there are multiple kinds of sugars. We 114 00:07:22,520 --> 00:07:25,760 Speaker 1: have a couple of examples here too. Fructose, the stuff 115 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:28,080 Speaker 1: is found in all kinds of fruits. You can find 116 00:07:28,080 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 1: it in honey as well. My personal favorite galactose because 117 00:07:32,160 --> 00:07:35,080 Speaker 1: it sounds like it comes from space, and that's actually 118 00:07:35,120 --> 00:07:38,960 Speaker 1: found in milk and also dairy products. And then there's 119 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:42,680 Speaker 1: good old glucose, which you find it honey, fruits and vegetables. 120 00:07:42,920 --> 00:07:46,040 Speaker 1: It is a good friend of fructose, that old glucose. 121 00:07:46,280 --> 00:07:49,400 Speaker 1: You also got lactose, again coming from milks. You can 122 00:07:49,440 --> 00:07:52,400 Speaker 1: also find or you can also make this from glucose 123 00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:57,320 Speaker 1: and galactose, which is fun. Then you have maltose or 124 00:07:57,400 --> 00:08:01,840 Speaker 1: maltos found in barley, malt sucrose, which is made up 125 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:06,320 Speaker 1: of glucose and fructose and found in plants, and the last, 126 00:08:06,400 --> 00:08:10,600 Speaker 1: but not least, the absolute best, zilos found in wood 127 00:08:10,640 --> 00:08:14,640 Speaker 1: or straw. Why do you like that one because it's zilos. 128 00:08:14,800 --> 00:08:17,200 Speaker 1: It's not like a transformer or something. Yeah, why are 129 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:22,880 Speaker 1: you a zilos supremacist? Now? Well kidding? Yes. Besides, besides 130 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:27,480 Speaker 1: beets and sugarcane, sugar can also be derived from honey 131 00:08:27,520 --> 00:08:30,240 Speaker 1: and a lot of fruits like dates or coconuts. Uh, 132 00:08:30,320 --> 00:08:33,280 Speaker 1: and tree SAPs can also be sources of sugar. And 133 00:08:33,360 --> 00:08:37,439 Speaker 1: this table sugar stuff, let's just call it grocery store sugar. Uh. 134 00:08:37,559 --> 00:08:40,560 Speaker 1: It's it's called sucrose and it comes from sugar beets 135 00:08:40,640 --> 00:08:43,880 Speaker 1: or sugarcane, and sucrose appears and all these other plants too, 136 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:46,400 Speaker 1: along with some of the other people you heard from 137 00:08:46,440 --> 00:08:49,640 Speaker 1: our greatest hits just a second ago. Glucose and fructos, 138 00:08:49,679 --> 00:08:53,120 Speaker 1: and it's actually in every plant since sugar and oxygen 139 00:08:53,120 --> 00:08:57,800 Speaker 1: are products of photosynthesis, but unlike sugar, beets and sugarcane. 140 00:08:58,360 --> 00:09:02,280 Speaker 1: A lot of other plants don't sucros in a large 141 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:05,600 Speaker 1: enough quantity to harvest, so it's more like a trace. 142 00:09:06,120 --> 00:09:09,480 Speaker 1: So the sugar we're going to discuss today is mostly 143 00:09:09,520 --> 00:09:12,320 Speaker 1: going to be derived from those sugar beets and that 144 00:09:12,400 --> 00:09:14,880 Speaker 1: sugar cane, which is probably the one you may have 145 00:09:14,960 --> 00:09:17,760 Speaker 1: heard of the most. That's when I think of sugar, 146 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:20,800 Speaker 1: I think of sugar cane. Um, And I'm not really 147 00:09:20,800 --> 00:09:23,000 Speaker 1: sure why. I don't know what pop culture reference taught 148 00:09:23,000 --> 00:09:24,960 Speaker 1: me about sugar cane as a kid. Well, there's a 149 00:09:25,040 --> 00:09:29,240 Speaker 1: sonic youth song called sugar cane maybe lacky sugar cane 150 00:09:30,400 --> 00:09:36,480 Speaker 1: standing in the rain very nice, so so thank you know. Um. So, 151 00:09:36,559 --> 00:09:40,600 Speaker 1: these sugar beets are grown throughout the world, in Europe, Asia, 152 00:09:40,679 --> 00:09:43,160 Speaker 1: the Middle East, parts of North Africa, and South America. 153 00:09:43,679 --> 00:09:47,280 Speaker 1: Than sugarcane, on the other hand, you need a tropical climate, 154 00:09:47,320 --> 00:09:50,160 Speaker 1: you need semi tropical climates, something that's nice and warm 155 00:09:50,200 --> 00:09:53,360 Speaker 1: and wet, and it's grown in the southern United States, 156 00:09:53,360 --> 00:09:57,120 Speaker 1: South America, Africa, South Asia, and also the South Pacific. 157 00:09:57,240 --> 00:10:00,160 Speaker 1: Hold on, hold on, okay, let's stop this train for 158 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:03,240 Speaker 1: one second. We would be remiss if we didn't mention 159 00:10:03,400 --> 00:10:07,320 Speaker 1: something that I know you're thinking about already, Ladies and gentlemen. 160 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:13,120 Speaker 1: High fructose corn syrup HFCs, as its name applies. This 161 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:18,920 Speaker 1: stuff comes from corn spoiler, not sugarcane or beats. Was 162 00:10:18,960 --> 00:10:21,880 Speaker 1: creating the nineties sixties, and it's an additive now found 163 00:10:21,880 --> 00:10:26,120 Speaker 1: in so many processed foods, including a boatload of sodas. 164 00:10:26,520 --> 00:10:29,839 Speaker 1: It's become popular for food manufacturers because it's cheaper than 165 00:10:29,880 --> 00:10:33,760 Speaker 1: the table sugar. It's also pretty controversial because people believe 166 00:10:33,760 --> 00:10:37,480 Speaker 1: it contributes to obesity and that the body treats this 167 00:10:37,920 --> 00:10:44,199 Speaker 1: mix of the specific kind of fructose mix differently so ordinary. Yeah, yeah, 168 00:10:44,280 --> 00:10:46,520 Speaker 1: and you'll hear are all kinds of stuff about it. 169 00:10:46,840 --> 00:10:50,320 Speaker 1: If you go to the sugar lobby, they're gonna tell 170 00:10:50,360 --> 00:10:54,520 Speaker 1: you that it's essentially glucose with a little more fructose 171 00:10:54,880 --> 00:10:57,840 Speaker 1: than regular corn syrup. Yeah. I think that mixes like 172 00:10:58,120 --> 00:11:05,320 Speaker 1: fifty five uh fructose to glucose something like that, and 173 00:11:05,320 --> 00:11:08,600 Speaker 1: then regular corn syrups almost all glucose. Right, Yeah, it's not. 174 00:11:08,960 --> 00:11:11,360 Speaker 1: It's when they say, hi, they just need more than 175 00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:15,880 Speaker 1: half exactly. So we have all we have this wealth 176 00:11:16,080 --> 00:11:20,000 Speaker 1: of sugars, its wealth of sweet opportunities. How much do 177 00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:22,720 Speaker 1: we eat in the US? Funny you should ask that 178 00:11:22,760 --> 00:11:25,720 Speaker 1: I have a stat right here in front of me. 179 00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:30,080 Speaker 1: The per capita consumption of refined sugar in the United 180 00:11:30,080 --> 00:11:34,320 Speaker 1: States of America has swung between twenty seven and forty 181 00:11:34,400 --> 00:11:39,160 Speaker 1: six kilograms sixty and a hundred and one pounds, respectively 182 00:11:39,440 --> 00:11:44,280 Speaker 1: in the last forty years. According to data from the 183 00:11:44,360 --> 00:11:49,320 Speaker 1: United States, in oh eight, people were consuming over sixty 184 00:11:49,400 --> 00:11:54,480 Speaker 1: pounds of added sugar per year. And this does not 185 00:11:54,600 --> 00:11:59,000 Speaker 1: include fruit juices, which as we know, contains its own. Yeah, 186 00:11:59,480 --> 00:12:02,640 Speaker 1: and today the US is the number one sugar consumer. 187 00:12:02,720 --> 00:12:05,880 Speaker 1: And these recent statistics, just to give a sense of 188 00:12:05,880 --> 00:12:09,560 Speaker 1: perspective over time, indicate that the average person consumes about 189 00:12:09,559 --> 00:12:13,080 Speaker 1: a hundred and twenty six point four grams daily. Uh. 190 00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:15,880 Speaker 1: This can fluctuate over time, and we should probably make 191 00:12:15,920 --> 00:12:19,800 Speaker 1: a note about the danger of averages. This country is huge. 192 00:12:19,960 --> 00:12:25,280 Speaker 1: It's we're talking about a population of almost three hundred 193 00:12:25,480 --> 00:12:31,599 Speaker 1: and twenty million people, uh, three eighteen point nine as. 194 00:12:31,640 --> 00:12:35,640 Speaker 1: But when we have a sample size that large, what 195 00:12:35,679 --> 00:12:39,679 Speaker 1: that means is de pay on the methodology of this average. 196 00:12:39,840 --> 00:12:43,200 Speaker 1: That means there could be someone who just somehow eats 197 00:12:43,240 --> 00:12:46,720 Speaker 1: a negligible amount of sugar all year, and maybe someone 198 00:12:46,840 --> 00:12:50,960 Speaker 1: who eats six times the daily dosage every single day. 199 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:53,120 Speaker 1: You know. Yeah, because if if we look at the 200 00:12:53,240 --> 00:12:56,160 Speaker 1: caloric intake of a hundred and twenty six point four 201 00:12:56,200 --> 00:13:00,319 Speaker 1: grams of sugar, it's roughly five hundred and five. I mean, 202 00:13:00,320 --> 00:13:01,840 Speaker 1: this is gonna be a little off. Let's say over 203 00:13:01,920 --> 00:13:06,560 Speaker 1: five hundred calories per day of just sugar. It's crazy, man. 204 00:13:06,640 --> 00:13:11,040 Speaker 1: And you can find some great statistics on sugar consumption 205 00:13:11,080 --> 00:13:13,960 Speaker 1: in the US as well as sugar consumption in the 206 00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:16,880 Speaker 1: rest of the world. So if we take that other number, 207 00:13:16,920 --> 00:13:20,080 Speaker 1: a hundred and twenty six point four grams per day 208 00:13:20,080 --> 00:13:22,880 Speaker 1: in the United States, the next runner up would be 209 00:13:22,960 --> 00:13:26,080 Speaker 1: Germany with a hundred and two point nine grams, so 210 00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:29,080 Speaker 1: still still pretty high up there. And then if we 211 00:13:29,160 --> 00:13:34,120 Speaker 1: go down to the bottom, uh, in India, for instance, 212 00:13:34,160 --> 00:13:37,280 Speaker 1: people will have only five point one grams of sugar 213 00:13:37,480 --> 00:13:41,120 Speaker 1: per day. So there's a lot of variants here across 214 00:13:41,760 --> 00:13:47,240 Speaker 1: across the world. But when we get closer closer to 215 00:13:47,320 --> 00:13:50,160 Speaker 1: the twist here, how much should we eat? That's a 216 00:13:50,280 --> 00:13:56,120 Speaker 1: great question. Well, the World Health Organization has some opinions. Uh. 217 00:13:56,320 --> 00:13:59,200 Speaker 1: They recommend that you have less than ten percent of 218 00:13:59,240 --> 00:14:02,440 Speaker 1: your total energy intake from free sugars. It's the equivalent 219 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:06,720 Speaker 1: to about fifty grams around twelve level teaspoons for a 220 00:14:06,760 --> 00:14:09,960 Speaker 1: person of healthy body weight consuming about two thousand calories 221 00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:13,440 Speaker 1: a day, but ideally it should be less than five 222 00:14:13,840 --> 00:14:18,480 Speaker 1: and you have additional health benefits. This is tricky because 223 00:14:18,520 --> 00:14:20,200 Speaker 1: a lot of stuff that you don't think would have 224 00:14:20,200 --> 00:14:23,400 Speaker 1: a lot of sugar in it is just inundated with 225 00:14:23,440 --> 00:14:33,840 Speaker 1: this everywhere. And fifty grams yes a day, Yes, that's 226 00:14:33,880 --> 00:14:37,720 Speaker 1: like a pile. That's like a massive mountain of sugar. 227 00:14:37,760 --> 00:14:41,600 Speaker 1: If you think about it visually, it is, but then 228 00:14:41,640 --> 00:14:45,640 Speaker 1: you think about how much we're actually eating is the 229 00:14:45,680 --> 00:14:50,520 Speaker 1: average grams? I mean, that's it's insane, probably largely because 230 00:14:50,560 --> 00:14:53,120 Speaker 1: if it's maybe it's preservative qualities. So like if you 231 00:14:53,280 --> 00:14:55,760 Speaker 1: like microwave meals, for example, it's got sugar in it 232 00:14:56,080 --> 00:14:58,160 Speaker 1: because and you wouldn't think that my lasagna would have 233 00:14:58,160 --> 00:15:00,080 Speaker 1: sugar in it, but it's in there because it's helping 234 00:15:00,120 --> 00:15:03,480 Speaker 1: to preserve the frozen food. Well. Yeah, and specifically the 235 00:15:03,640 --> 00:15:05,720 Speaker 1: w H I was talking about free sugars here, that 236 00:15:05,760 --> 00:15:08,400 Speaker 1: phrase free sugars is very important. We're not talking about fruits. 237 00:15:08,400 --> 00:15:11,480 Speaker 1: We're not talking at anything that has naturally occurring sugars. Um. 238 00:15:11,520 --> 00:15:15,160 Speaker 1: It's sugars that's added in a production, right right, added 239 00:15:15,200 --> 00:15:18,960 Speaker 1: the food or drinks by the manufacturer, or the cook, 240 00:15:19,600 --> 00:15:23,480 Speaker 1: or even the consumer, because you know, to each their 241 00:15:23,480 --> 00:15:25,080 Speaker 1: own when it comes to eating habits, a lot of 242 00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:27,280 Speaker 1: people will just pour sugar and stuff. I'm sure you 243 00:15:27,360 --> 00:15:30,520 Speaker 1: gotta take that coffee, black man, It's the only way. Yes. 244 00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:33,600 Speaker 1: According to the American Heart Association, the maximumount of added 245 00:15:33,600 --> 00:15:37,360 Speaker 1: sugars you should eat per day are for men, a 246 00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:40,080 Speaker 1: hundred and fifty calories per day. That's thirty seven point 247 00:15:40,120 --> 00:15:43,920 Speaker 1: five grams or nine teaspoons. Okay, not too bad. For 248 00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:46,280 Speaker 1: women is a hundred calories per day or twenty five 249 00:15:46,360 --> 00:15:50,280 Speaker 1: grams six teaspoons. We've been talking about a lot of 250 00:15:50,360 --> 00:15:53,960 Speaker 1: numbers here, so let's put all these numbers into perspective. No. 251 00:15:54,160 --> 00:15:56,280 Speaker 1: I love that you pointed out that is a pile 252 00:15:56,320 --> 00:15:59,840 Speaker 1: if you imagine it visually. So one twelve ounce can 253 00:16:00,160 --> 00:16:03,600 Speaker 1: of coke Coca Cola, for instance, contains a hundred and 254 00:16:03,600 --> 00:16:08,080 Speaker 1: forty calories from sugar. A regular Snickers bar regular size 255 00:16:08,160 --> 00:16:12,360 Speaker 1: contains a hundred and twenty calories from sugar God, so 256 00:16:13,520 --> 00:16:17,280 Speaker 1: one soda a day if you're a dude, according to 257 00:16:17,360 --> 00:16:21,800 Speaker 1: the American Heart Association, already put you like close to 258 00:16:21,840 --> 00:16:25,840 Speaker 1: your limit. That's so upsetting to me. I think, you 259 00:16:25,840 --> 00:16:28,680 Speaker 1: know what. I think. That's why after working here, I 260 00:16:28,800 --> 00:16:32,040 Speaker 1: stopped drinking sugary sodas. Yeah, that was a big deal 261 00:16:32,080 --> 00:16:35,960 Speaker 1: for me. Um. I just switched to uh soda water 262 00:16:36,120 --> 00:16:40,160 Speaker 1: like Lacroix or sam Pella Greena or whatever, and um, 263 00:16:40,200 --> 00:16:44,400 Speaker 1: that satisfied my craving for the bubbles. I really like 264 00:16:44,480 --> 00:16:47,880 Speaker 1: the bubbles. I find it very refreshing. But I just 265 00:16:47,960 --> 00:16:50,880 Speaker 1: literally don't drink soda ever. If maybe I rarely go 266 00:16:50,960 --> 00:16:52,960 Speaker 1: to a fast food restaurant, I might get a coke 267 00:16:53,640 --> 00:16:57,320 Speaker 1: with my fries and mom Burger, but I mean maybe 268 00:16:58,120 --> 00:17:01,160 Speaker 1: twice a month. Yeah, I also used to drink it 269 00:17:01,280 --> 00:17:05,199 Speaker 1: quite frequently. But I'm I'm glad that I'm I had 270 00:17:05,240 --> 00:17:08,560 Speaker 1: an amicable breakup with soda. We're still friends, you know, 271 00:17:09,160 --> 00:17:11,480 Speaker 1: we might might hang out once a month or something, 272 00:17:11,520 --> 00:17:15,280 Speaker 1: but we're not gonna live together anymore. Yeah, I've got 273 00:17:15,280 --> 00:17:20,440 Speaker 1: a really bad relationship with aspartame. Now all the other 274 00:17:21,240 --> 00:17:25,640 Speaker 1: the weird one, what is it's uh zylatl zilatol. Yes, though, 275 00:17:25,800 --> 00:17:30,000 Speaker 1: and this is without even touching on artificial sweeteners. We 276 00:17:30,040 --> 00:17:32,720 Speaker 1: want to give you these numbers just from these various 277 00:17:32,760 --> 00:17:35,520 Speaker 1: types of sugar, not even counting artificial sweeteners. And I'm 278 00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:38,520 Speaker 1: glad you pointed that out, Matt, because we want to 279 00:17:38,600 --> 00:17:42,080 Speaker 1: paint the picture of just how popular this substance is, 280 00:17:42,520 --> 00:17:47,360 Speaker 1: how um, how much it permeates the the food market, 281 00:17:47,840 --> 00:17:50,199 Speaker 1: especially in the US, but in other places as well. 282 00:17:50,240 --> 00:17:52,400 Speaker 1: How do we get to the place that we are currently, 283 00:17:53,280 --> 00:17:56,040 Speaker 1: So glad you asked, And we're going to talk about 284 00:17:56,119 --> 00:18:08,639 Speaker 1: that right after a quick word from our sponsor. Once 285 00:18:08,760 --> 00:18:13,040 Speaker 1: upon a time, more than five thousand years ago, Polynesians 286 00:18:13,119 --> 00:18:17,040 Speaker 1: used sugarcane as a sweetener, and the substance eventually made 287 00:18:17,040 --> 00:18:20,760 Speaker 1: it to India, and from India it spread westward, aided 288 00:18:20,800 --> 00:18:24,560 Speaker 1: by pillaging and trade that came with the conquest of 289 00:18:25,000 --> 00:18:29,119 Speaker 1: Darius the Persian Emperor and Alexander the Great, who overthrew 290 00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:32,040 Speaker 1: the Persian Empire and who, by the way, died when 291 00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:34,879 Speaker 1: he was only thirty two. So let's fast forward to 292 00:18:34,960 --> 00:18:39,600 Speaker 1: fourteen nine three. Cristobald Cologne, on the wise known street 293 00:18:39,680 --> 00:18:43,399 Speaker 1: named Christopher Columbus brought sugarcane to the Caribbean, and it 294 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:46,520 Speaker 1: was a perfect environment for growing this crop. The ferral 295 00:18:46,560 --> 00:18:50,080 Speaker 1: ground led to the development of a massive sugarcane industry 296 00:18:50,119 --> 00:18:53,359 Speaker 1: in what they called the New World. Over the next 297 00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:58,040 Speaker 1: few centuries, plantations sprouted up throughout the Caribbean, the West Indies, 298 00:18:58,240 --> 00:19:02,720 Speaker 1: and South America, and they were fueling sugar. They were 299 00:19:02,760 --> 00:19:09,000 Speaker 1: also fuelling the slave trade. These two trades were inextricably intertwined. 300 00:19:09,560 --> 00:19:12,760 Speaker 1: During these years, sugar finally became cheap enough to be 301 00:19:12,840 --> 00:19:16,080 Speaker 1: accessible to most Europeans. And until then they've been considered 302 00:19:16,119 --> 00:19:18,359 Speaker 1: a luxury. And do you know what they called it? 303 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:23,680 Speaker 1: White gold? For real, they called it white gold. That's 304 00:19:23,720 --> 00:19:25,960 Speaker 1: what the British colonists called it. And it was the 305 00:19:26,000 --> 00:19:30,120 Speaker 1: engine of the slave trade and brought millions of millions 306 00:19:30,119 --> 00:19:33,000 Speaker 1: of people from Africa to the America's beginning in the 307 00:19:33,040 --> 00:19:37,080 Speaker 1: early sixteenth century. Like think like fifteen oh five. And 308 00:19:37,119 --> 00:19:39,760 Speaker 1: this means that the history of every nation in the Caribbean, 309 00:19:40,080 --> 00:19:42,520 Speaker 1: much of South America, and parts of the southern United 310 00:19:42,560 --> 00:19:47,280 Speaker 1: States have been forever shaped by sugarcane plantations that were 311 00:19:47,359 --> 00:19:52,040 Speaker 1: started as cash crops by European superpowers. Now it's crazy 312 00:19:52,080 --> 00:19:55,080 Speaker 1: to think about how much money was generated here for 313 00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:59,080 Speaker 1: the owners of these companies that were producing it, the 314 00:19:59,080 --> 00:20:02,760 Speaker 1: the different far owners. There's a lot of money going around, 315 00:20:02,880 --> 00:20:06,359 Speaker 1: and that profit was so significant that it may have 316 00:20:06,440 --> 00:20:10,040 Speaker 1: even actually helped America achieve independence from Great Britain because 317 00:20:10,040 --> 00:20:13,119 Speaker 1: it allowed money to buy the stuff that's required to 318 00:20:13,200 --> 00:20:16,639 Speaker 1: start a war. You know, I have in my head 319 00:20:17,960 --> 00:20:20,520 Speaker 1: this this idea that if if there was a way 320 00:20:20,520 --> 00:20:24,640 Speaker 1: to do it without just atrocious chattel slavery, it would 321 00:20:24,680 --> 00:20:28,879 Speaker 1: be kind of cool to have your profession as sugar tycoon. 322 00:20:29,320 --> 00:20:33,440 Speaker 1: You know those exist, don't they? They do? They do 323 00:20:33,560 --> 00:20:38,160 Speaker 1: in the present day. What's the what's the massive company there? 324 00:20:38,280 --> 00:20:41,600 Speaker 1: There's a huge company that gets crazy subsidies in the US. 325 00:20:42,160 --> 00:20:45,080 Speaker 1: It's the one that's in all the stores, the grocery 326 00:20:45,080 --> 00:20:47,360 Speaker 1: store sugar that we always talk about. Is it Dixie, 327 00:20:47,359 --> 00:20:51,679 Speaker 1: Dixie Dixie. There's gotta be a tycoon at the end 328 00:20:51,720 --> 00:20:57,840 Speaker 1: of that tunnel. Yeah, it's Dixie Sugar. There's I'm sure 329 00:20:57,880 --> 00:21:03,000 Speaker 1: there are others been they're out there. Yeah, a big bag. Yeah, 330 00:21:03,119 --> 00:21:04,919 Speaker 1: you know, look for the look for it in the 331 00:21:04,960 --> 00:21:10,440 Speaker 1: big bag. Dixie sugar, the old blood prash sugar. That 332 00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:12,919 Speaker 1: look for it in the giant bag, for it in 333 00:21:13,000 --> 00:21:18,000 Speaker 1: the giant bag. From seventeen fifteen, there were near constant 334 00:21:18,040 --> 00:21:22,280 Speaker 1: wars consuming much of Europe. British naval blockades forced Europe 335 00:21:22,280 --> 00:21:25,960 Speaker 1: to look for an alternative to cane sugar. The eventual 336 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:29,800 Speaker 1: solution they found was the sugar beat, and since this period, 337 00:21:29,840 --> 00:21:33,280 Speaker 1: Europe has gotten much of its sugar from beats. So 338 00:21:33,359 --> 00:21:35,919 Speaker 1: let's look at it today. Despite the evidence that too 339 00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:39,640 Speaker 1: much sugar can have damaging and dilatorious effects, it remains 340 00:21:39,680 --> 00:21:43,680 Speaker 1: immensely popular around the globe. We are literally, on a 341 00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:48,359 Speaker 1: primal level, wired to love this stuff. Uh, you know, 342 00:21:48,480 --> 00:21:53,040 Speaker 1: our ancestors or even things you came before us. Uh. 343 00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:59,800 Speaker 1: You naturally associate uh sweet sensation or taste with something 344 00:21:59,800 --> 00:22:02,800 Speaker 1: being safe to eat. Yeah. Yeah, if it's bitter, you 345 00:22:02,840 --> 00:22:05,120 Speaker 1: don't want to eat it. If it's sweet, that means 346 00:22:05,119 --> 00:22:07,600 Speaker 1: the bugs are probably attracted to it and they eat 347 00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:09,560 Speaker 1: it right that it isn't that kind of how it 348 00:22:09,600 --> 00:22:15,400 Speaker 1: went exactly. So here's some examples of the bad things 349 00:22:15,440 --> 00:22:19,359 Speaker 1: that can happen related to sugar intake. First, let's start 350 00:22:19,359 --> 00:22:23,359 Speaker 1: with diabetes. As a twenty nine point one million people, 351 00:22:23,440 --> 00:22:25,719 Speaker 1: or nine point three percent of the US population of 352 00:22:25,760 --> 00:22:30,680 Speaker 1: diabetes and that's diagnosed undiagnosed would say eight point one 353 00:22:30,880 --> 00:22:34,239 Speaker 1: million people, and about a third of the people who 354 00:22:34,240 --> 00:22:39,879 Speaker 1: have diabetes are undiagnosed obesity. This is a stereotype that 355 00:22:39,920 --> 00:22:43,520 Speaker 1: comes into play with the US which if you're not, 356 00:22:43,640 --> 00:22:46,240 Speaker 1: if you haven't ever visited here, I promise you it's 357 00:22:46,320 --> 00:22:49,160 Speaker 1: it's a pretty cool place. You'll you'll have fun, it's great. 358 00:22:49,320 --> 00:22:52,719 Speaker 1: Not all the stereotypes are true. More than two thirds, 359 00:22:52,800 --> 00:22:56,080 Speaker 1: or sixty eight point eight percent of adults are considered 360 00:22:56,640 --> 00:23:00,960 Speaker 1: by the government to be qualified as either overweight or obese. 361 00:23:01,400 --> 00:23:05,040 Speaker 1: UM more than one third, thirty five point seven percent 362 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:08,800 Speaker 1: of adults are considered to be obese, and then you 363 00:23:08,840 --> 00:23:11,520 Speaker 1: can see you can see the stats here. One of 364 00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:17,919 Speaker 1: the biggest killers of any American, regardless of genetic history, 365 00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:21,679 Speaker 1: creed age, etcetera, is heart disease. It is the leading 366 00:23:21,720 --> 00:23:24,520 Speaker 1: cause of death for both men and women in this country, 367 00:23:25,520 --> 00:23:29,399 Speaker 1: about one in every four deaths, and it's the most 368 00:23:29,440 --> 00:23:33,560 Speaker 1: common type of heart diseases coronary heart disease c h 369 00:23:33,800 --> 00:23:36,600 Speaker 1: d UH. In two thousand fourteen, it killed about three 370 00:23:37,040 --> 00:23:41,480 Speaker 1: sixty five thousand people in this country. Someone has a 371 00:23:41,520 --> 00:23:46,280 Speaker 1: heart attack every forty two seconds and each minute someone 372 00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:49,399 Speaker 1: dies from a heart disease related events. And of course 373 00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:54,639 Speaker 1: cavities curse you soda geez. So this is this is bad. 374 00:23:55,119 --> 00:23:59,120 Speaker 1: Sugar is bad. Sugar is is leading to this stuff. 375 00:23:59,480 --> 00:24:03,280 Speaker 1: Sugar definitely plays a role. It would be irresponsible for 376 00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:06,720 Speaker 1: us to put everything at the feet of shore, but 377 00:24:06,840 --> 00:24:09,800 Speaker 1: it definitely, it definitely plays role. And now our question 378 00:24:09,880 --> 00:24:12,600 Speaker 1: is just how bad is this stuff? And how did 379 00:24:12,640 --> 00:24:15,960 Speaker 1: we start eating so much of it? Can I say 380 00:24:15,960 --> 00:24:21,879 Speaker 1: it been? Can I take? Here's where it gets you 381 00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:25,840 Speaker 1: do it? You do? It's where it gets crazy. In 382 00:24:25,840 --> 00:24:29,840 Speaker 1: September of three, doctors released a paper in the Journal 383 00:24:29,880 --> 00:24:33,960 Speaker 1: of the American Medical Association, or since we're fans of acronyms, 384 00:24:34,280 --> 00:24:43,359 Speaker 1: jamma jambo, so yes, so jamma this This paper was 385 00:24:43,480 --> 00:24:48,159 Speaker 1: called Sugar Industry and Coronary Heart Disease Research colon a 386 00:24:48,280 --> 00:24:53,280 Speaker 1: historical analysis of internal industry documents, and this paper revealed 387 00:24:53,359 --> 00:24:57,440 Speaker 1: frightening evidence of a cover up. Not a conspiracy theory, Oh, 388 00:24:57,560 --> 00:25:01,440 Speaker 1: friends and neighbors know, a real life conspiracy. Finally got 389 00:25:01,480 --> 00:25:08,280 Speaker 1: one right, Here's what happened. So there was evidence that 390 00:25:09,440 --> 00:25:14,000 Speaker 1: sugar had had a role to play in c HD 391 00:25:14,200 --> 00:25:18,520 Speaker 1: coronary heart disease. We know it now, but other people 392 00:25:18,600 --> 00:25:22,800 Speaker 1: knew it back in the nineteen fifties. The industry and 393 00:25:22,840 --> 00:25:25,159 Speaker 1: the people that they were paying to research knew it. 394 00:25:25,920 --> 00:25:29,040 Speaker 1: And things were not looking so good for the sugar manufacturers. 395 00:25:29,280 --> 00:25:31,159 Speaker 1: The science showed that what they were selling and the 396 00:25:31,200 --> 00:25:34,600 Speaker 1: way they were selling it was potentially very dangerous. So 397 00:25:35,000 --> 00:25:39,000 Speaker 1: they took action. They came clean and told the public 398 00:25:39,080 --> 00:25:41,560 Speaker 1: that they would be responsible and they would uh, they 399 00:25:41,560 --> 00:25:46,000 Speaker 1: would work with the f d A to restrict unreasonable 400 00:25:46,040 --> 00:25:50,600 Speaker 1: amounts of sugar I'm kidding. Instead, they they had a 401 00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:54,760 Speaker 1: trade organization that was called, get this, the Sugar Research Foundation. 402 00:25:54,960 --> 00:25:58,800 Speaker 1: Sounds legit. Yeah. What did they do? Well? They they 403 00:25:58,840 --> 00:26:01,359 Speaker 1: went ahead and paid a group of three Harvard scientists 404 00:26:01,359 --> 00:26:05,680 Speaker 1: the equivalent of about fifty thousand dollars in today's dollars, 405 00:26:05,720 --> 00:26:09,760 Speaker 1: which is not a bad salary to publish a review 406 00:26:10,240 --> 00:26:14,280 Speaker 1: of research on sugar in nineteen sixty seven looking at sugar, 407 00:26:14,359 --> 00:26:16,639 Speaker 1: fat and heart disease. How do these all go together? 408 00:26:17,160 --> 00:26:20,720 Speaker 1: And what are the causes? What are the what types 409 00:26:20,760 --> 00:26:24,240 Speaker 1: of cholesterol are affected? Right? And we can also we 410 00:26:24,280 --> 00:26:29,080 Speaker 1: should explain. Uh. Review of research is sort of an 411 00:26:29,080 --> 00:26:33,000 Speaker 1: anthology kind of thing. They collect different papers that have 412 00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:36,920 Speaker 1: been written on a subject or a group of subjects 413 00:26:37,000 --> 00:26:40,800 Speaker 1: or theme. The studies used in this review of research 414 00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:46,240 Speaker 1: were handpicked by the Sugar Research Foundation and they also, 415 00:26:46,560 --> 00:26:50,400 Speaker 1: through their influence, had an article published in the prestigious 416 00:26:50,480 --> 00:26:55,199 Speaker 1: New England Journal of Medicine. They sponsored this article. It 417 00:26:55,320 --> 00:26:59,240 Speaker 1: was a literature review that singled out fat and cholesterol 418 00:26:59,359 --> 00:27:03,280 Speaker 1: as the call is of c H d uh. And 419 00:27:03,359 --> 00:27:08,760 Speaker 1: they also downplayed evidence that sucross consumption was playing a role. 420 00:27:08,960 --> 00:27:10,960 Speaker 1: They were They were like, ah, you gotta watch out, 421 00:27:11,040 --> 00:27:13,960 Speaker 1: it was fats And they did not disclose that they 422 00:27:14,359 --> 00:27:16,560 Speaker 1: sponsored this. Yeah, that's one of the big things. They 423 00:27:16,600 --> 00:27:20,840 Speaker 1: also set the objective, so they pretty much told the 424 00:27:20,880 --> 00:27:23,879 Speaker 1: researchers what they were going to find, you know what 425 00:27:23,920 --> 00:27:27,600 Speaker 1: I mean? And they yeah, And they got drafts that 426 00:27:27,680 --> 00:27:31,280 Speaker 1: they worked over and had editorial influence on, and the 427 00:27:31,359 --> 00:27:36,880 Speaker 1: whole thing happened undercover. Essentially, what they ended up producing 428 00:27:36,880 --> 00:27:39,439 Speaker 1: was somewhere between a hit piece and an advertisement in 429 00:27:39,480 --> 00:27:43,120 Speaker 1: an insiduous way. So Van just to clarify, is this 430 00:27:43,840 --> 00:27:47,359 Speaker 1: something along the lines of a lobby spot on? Well, 431 00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:50,320 Speaker 1: that's uh, that's a great it's a great point. So 432 00:27:50,480 --> 00:27:56,560 Speaker 1: let's say that the three of us are sugar tycoons. Yes, 433 00:27:56,680 --> 00:27:59,240 Speaker 1: perfect just took a different path in life. And now 434 00:27:59,280 --> 00:28:01,560 Speaker 1: here we are at a smoking cigars. We all suck 435 00:28:01,600 --> 00:28:04,760 Speaker 1: on lollipops. Yep, yep, right, we all have very bright 436 00:28:04,800 --> 00:28:08,200 Speaker 1: colored suits. I think I would go for a Willy 437 00:28:08,240 --> 00:28:13,000 Speaker 1: Wonka vibe the original movie adaptation, not the not the 438 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:16,560 Speaker 1: new one. I'm going penguin. You're going full penguin. Where 439 00:28:16,560 --> 00:28:19,480 Speaker 1: are you going to? No? I Dol's love us, wear 440 00:28:19,560 --> 00:28:25,119 Speaker 1: my cities, swear cities. You're the everyday tech, every day 441 00:28:25,160 --> 00:28:29,080 Speaker 1: sugar tech. Perfect. Well, the three of us say, well, 442 00:28:29,119 --> 00:28:32,000 Speaker 1: we need some we we will have power in numbers 443 00:28:32,080 --> 00:28:36,600 Speaker 1: and we will join uh. We will join our finances 444 00:28:36,680 --> 00:28:41,680 Speaker 1: to fund a trade organization that will represent us. And 445 00:28:42,120 --> 00:28:45,720 Speaker 1: this trade organization can do lobby union on our behalf 446 00:28:46,080 --> 00:28:49,280 Speaker 1: with legislatures, you know, like here are if we want 447 00:28:49,360 --> 00:28:53,560 Speaker 1: favorable tax breaks in a district, if we want uh 448 00:28:53,760 --> 00:28:59,000 Speaker 1: some consideration or uh special prices on loans for building infrastructure. 449 00:28:59,480 --> 00:29:02,840 Speaker 1: It's not necessarily a bad thing, but as potential to 450 00:29:02,920 --> 00:29:07,240 Speaker 1: be very, very damaging. But how does a a group 451 00:29:07,320 --> 00:29:10,640 Speaker 1: such as ours get in such cahoots with what's supposed 452 00:29:10,640 --> 00:29:18,080 Speaker 1: to be an independent review like the the Jama Money money. Yes, 453 00:29:18,640 --> 00:29:22,000 Speaker 1: throw money at it. Because this goes back to some 454 00:29:22,040 --> 00:29:24,680 Speaker 1: of the stuff we discussed with Edward Bernese. What Bernese 455 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:28,640 Speaker 1: did that was so brilliant was he realized that if 456 00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:34,080 Speaker 1: people thought they were getting unbiased medical advice, then they 457 00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:36,680 Speaker 1: would be more likely to follow it than they would 458 00:29:36,720 --> 00:29:42,280 Speaker 1: the instructions of of a transparent ad Right, it's insidious, 459 00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:46,520 Speaker 1: it's a bait and switch, and it worked really well, 460 00:29:46,760 --> 00:29:51,880 Speaker 1: arguably works today. So the sugar industry kept going. They 461 00:29:51,880 --> 00:29:53,840 Speaker 1: didn't just do this one paper. They didn't do just 462 00:29:53,960 --> 00:29:57,120 Speaker 1: this one area. They sponsored a research program in the 463 00:29:57,160 --> 00:30:01,400 Speaker 1: sixties and into the seventies that can tenually cast doubt 464 00:30:01,680 --> 00:30:06,120 Speaker 1: about the hazards of sucros like oh, sugars, I mean, okay, 465 00:30:06,280 --> 00:30:10,000 Speaker 1: don't eat too much sugar. But guys, really that's the 466 00:30:10,080 --> 00:30:14,400 Speaker 1: dangerous one here, that's the problem here. Yeah, the sugar industry. 467 00:30:14,480 --> 00:30:18,240 Speaker 1: I'm reading from uh that link bend the sugar industry 468 00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:21,760 Speaker 1: and coronary heart disease research paper. Uh. The industry would 469 00:30:21,920 --> 00:30:24,880 Speaker 1: spend six thousand dollars at the time, which is now 470 00:30:24,960 --> 00:30:30,360 Speaker 1: five point three million dollars to teach people quote who 471 00:30:30,360 --> 00:30:32,920 Speaker 1: had never had a course in biochemistry that sugar is 472 00:30:32,960 --> 00:30:36,680 Speaker 1: what keeps every human being alive with energy to face 473 00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:41,440 Speaker 1: our daily problems. It just sounds so happy pena step 474 00:30:41,480 --> 00:30:44,880 Speaker 1: with sugar and and ultimately what they're doing is they're 475 00:30:44,920 --> 00:30:48,320 Speaker 1: they're fighting for market share, right And when you think 476 00:30:48,360 --> 00:30:51,000 Speaker 1: about market share, I'm going to use a video game 477 00:30:51,040 --> 00:30:55,360 Speaker 1: example right now, consoles there would be the Xbox, the PlayStation, 478 00:30:55,520 --> 00:30:59,600 Speaker 1: the what the Nintendo sw Yeah, the Nintendo Switch, and 479 00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:03,080 Speaker 1: a bunch of other ones console or non console games 480 00:31:03,080 --> 00:31:06,320 Speaker 1: like on a PC or something or mac. But each 481 00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:08,719 Speaker 1: of those has a certain percent of the market share. Right. Well, 482 00:31:09,200 --> 00:31:12,760 Speaker 1: in this case, for these sugar industry people, their market 483 00:31:12,800 --> 00:31:15,880 Speaker 1: share is what people put in their bodies as food, right, 484 00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:20,440 Speaker 1: and the entirety of food. And so by reducing or 485 00:31:20,480 --> 00:31:23,560 Speaker 1: making you afraid of fat, they're going to increase overall 486 00:31:23,640 --> 00:31:26,440 Speaker 1: the market share of the food overall, which is crazy 487 00:31:26,520 --> 00:31:29,320 Speaker 1: to think about. And this is not this is not 488 00:31:29,400 --> 00:31:34,240 Speaker 1: to say that consuming excessive amounts of fat is good 489 00:31:34,280 --> 00:31:37,560 Speaker 1: for you, No, not necessarily. Let's also not forget the 490 00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:43,080 Speaker 1: old food pyramid, which the tippy tip tip top contains fats, oils, 491 00:31:43,120 --> 00:31:46,280 Speaker 1: and confectionery or that's what they're calling it now, which 492 00:31:46,400 --> 00:31:50,760 Speaker 1: would be sugar. So if they're in a battle with 493 00:31:51,640 --> 00:31:54,760 Speaker 1: the minds of the public in terms of like, well, 494 00:31:54,800 --> 00:31:57,719 Speaker 1: I can only have a little of of fats or sugar, 495 00:31:58,360 --> 00:32:01,040 Speaker 1: Which one do I perceive as being better or worse 496 00:32:01,080 --> 00:32:02,920 Speaker 1: for me? Which one am I going to choose? So 497 00:32:03,000 --> 00:32:06,360 Speaker 1: that's it's like a it's a psychological battle wherein these 498 00:32:06,360 --> 00:32:11,080 Speaker 1: sugar folks are hoping that you will choose sugar because 499 00:32:11,200 --> 00:32:14,680 Speaker 1: it's perceived to be less harmful, and fat sort of 500 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:16,920 Speaker 1: gets the gets thrown to the bus. And then as 501 00:32:16,960 --> 00:32:20,560 Speaker 1: we know over time, if fats been determined to be 502 00:32:20,600 --> 00:32:23,200 Speaker 1: there are good fats and there are facts that are 503 00:32:23,280 --> 00:32:25,680 Speaker 1: good to have as part of your diet um. And 504 00:32:25,720 --> 00:32:29,840 Speaker 1: then you know, I think it becomes out on top, yes, 505 00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:33,840 Speaker 1: Will said, and in great point bringing in the food pyramid, 506 00:32:33,880 --> 00:32:35,840 Speaker 1: which could be it's a podcast all its so, And 507 00:32:36,040 --> 00:32:41,320 Speaker 1: I think when we get to that, U, where are 508 00:32:41,440 --> 00:32:44,800 Speaker 1: we now? We're telling you the story of something that 509 00:32:45,160 --> 00:32:50,160 Speaker 1: actually happened, like no ifs ands or butts, no allegations, 510 00:32:50,200 --> 00:32:54,720 Speaker 1: no rumors. People planned in a in a sweet smoky 511 00:32:54,800 --> 00:33:00,600 Speaker 1: backroom to beguile and mislead the US public, and they 512 00:33:00,680 --> 00:33:05,200 Speaker 1: did so successfully. So where does this leave us down. 513 00:33:06,600 --> 00:33:19,200 Speaker 1: We'll tell you after a word from our sponsor. First off, 514 00:33:19,600 --> 00:33:22,480 Speaker 1: you might be wondering, hey, Matt hay Been, he know 515 00:33:23,320 --> 00:33:29,040 Speaker 1: what happens to the the s RF. The s RF, Well, 516 00:33:29,200 --> 00:33:33,080 Speaker 1: it hit the fan, ben, it hit uh, it hit 517 00:33:33,160 --> 00:33:36,080 Speaker 1: the name fan. Because that trade group is still around 518 00:33:36,080 --> 00:33:40,320 Speaker 1: today under a different name. It's called the Sugar Association. 519 00:33:40,560 --> 00:33:43,680 Speaker 1: They have a fancy website. If you're interested, go check 520 00:33:43,720 --> 00:33:47,840 Speaker 1: it out. Um, there's lots of information in there. Yeah, 521 00:33:47,960 --> 00:33:49,600 Speaker 1: you checked it out. I did to spend a little 522 00:33:49,600 --> 00:33:52,360 Speaker 1: too much time on there today and I wanted a donut. 523 00:33:54,800 --> 00:33:57,640 Speaker 1: And here's the other thing. It's bigger than sugar. And 524 00:33:57,680 --> 00:34:02,240 Speaker 1: it's bigger than a single historical incidents, right. And I'm 525 00:34:02,280 --> 00:34:08,680 Speaker 1: not casting any aspersion on the current Sugar Association because 526 00:34:08,840 --> 00:34:11,680 Speaker 1: we don't I don't have, you know, evidence to do that. 527 00:34:11,760 --> 00:34:13,719 Speaker 1: And I'm sure that the same people who are working 528 00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:16,120 Speaker 1: there in the sixties, I'm gonna go ahead and say 529 00:34:16,160 --> 00:34:20,760 Speaker 1: that they're not working there now in probably correct, probably correct. 530 00:34:20,760 --> 00:34:22,880 Speaker 1: I feel safe with that one. But why is it 531 00:34:22,880 --> 00:34:25,600 Speaker 1: bigger than sugar? It's bigger than sugar because private food 532 00:34:25,600 --> 00:34:31,320 Speaker 1: manufacturers continue to influence nutrition guidelines today, and it's happening now, 533 00:34:31,520 --> 00:34:34,839 Speaker 1: perhaps more than you think. So be very careful when 534 00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:38,200 Speaker 1: you hear those new alarmist pieces about what's good or 535 00:34:38,200 --> 00:34:40,239 Speaker 1: what's bad for you. We've joked about it before. It 536 00:34:40,280 --> 00:34:43,600 Speaker 1: seems like every week, every month, there's some sort of 537 00:34:43,640 --> 00:34:48,720 Speaker 1: cycle of coffee'll make you live longer and be smarter 538 00:34:48,840 --> 00:34:52,520 Speaker 1: when you're elderly, or coffee will kill you somehow, right. 539 00:34:52,960 --> 00:34:56,920 Speaker 1: I like the ones about tequila, All right, we'll just 540 00:34:57,000 --> 00:34:59,040 Speaker 1: leave that one there. No, Apparently, like you know, you 541 00:34:58,880 --> 00:35:01,279 Speaker 1: can see studies about saying a glass of wine is 542 00:35:01,360 --> 00:35:03,680 Speaker 1: good for your heart, or like now they're saying tequila 543 00:35:03,760 --> 00:35:07,160 Speaker 1: is good for you. I hadn't heard this one. I'm 544 00:35:07,200 --> 00:35:09,640 Speaker 1: gonna have to go buy a bottle. I guess yeah, 545 00:35:09,719 --> 00:35:13,440 Speaker 1: for your health, very health conscious. Uh yeah. And then 546 00:35:13,719 --> 00:35:20,680 Speaker 1: it can apply also to sodas, right, beverage manufacturers, it 547 00:35:20,760 --> 00:35:25,920 Speaker 1: can apply to um pork manufacturers. It's it's kind of 548 00:35:25,960 --> 00:35:29,359 Speaker 1: tough to see to to figure out if food where 549 00:35:29,360 --> 00:35:34,600 Speaker 1: this would not apply. You know, Yeah, I cannot find one, 550 00:35:34,880 --> 00:35:36,640 Speaker 1: and just thinking about all the different kinds of berries. 551 00:35:37,200 --> 00:35:39,319 Speaker 1: They are great for you, but they do have a 552 00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:42,719 Speaker 1: lot of naturally occurring sugar right, which is fine. And 553 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:49,240 Speaker 1: the thing is that ultimately the best the best process 554 00:35:49,280 --> 00:35:52,359 Speaker 1: to take is if you hear oh uh, like, puit's 555 00:35:52,360 --> 00:35:57,160 Speaker 1: a random vegetable m artichoke. Oh, it turns out that 556 00:35:57,560 --> 00:36:02,960 Speaker 1: artichokes give you these vast superior powers of hearing or whatever. 557 00:36:03,360 --> 00:36:08,720 Speaker 1: Sweet right, Or if you hear something that's that's very bad, 558 00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:13,560 Speaker 1: like is all cancer related to consuming cheese it's Those 559 00:36:13,600 --> 00:36:16,759 Speaker 1: are both pretty unrealistic, cartoonish headlines. But the point is 560 00:36:17,480 --> 00:36:21,000 Speaker 1: your best processes, that is to take that and before 561 00:36:21,080 --> 00:36:24,959 Speaker 1: you share it around with people, before you start going 562 00:36:25,520 --> 00:36:27,719 Speaker 1: to throw out all your cheese its or by all 563 00:36:27,719 --> 00:36:31,640 Speaker 1: the artichokes in your town, figure out who wrote it. 564 00:36:31,880 --> 00:36:34,680 Speaker 1: Do that old fake news thing That turns out that 565 00:36:34,719 --> 00:36:38,000 Speaker 1: thing I said about tequila not not true? Not true? 566 00:36:38,239 --> 00:36:43,400 Speaker 1: Really yeah, snope says mostly faults. Wait wait, so partially true. 567 00:36:44,640 --> 00:36:53,040 Speaker 1: Also artichoke is a flowers. Oh boy, well that just 568 00:36:53,080 --> 00:36:58,520 Speaker 1: makes the headline even more cartoonish. So the answers you 569 00:36:58,560 --> 00:37:02,000 Speaker 1: find might surprise ries you. There might be a situation 570 00:37:02,040 --> 00:37:05,720 Speaker 1: where you see a very strange, sort of anonymous sounding 571 00:37:06,080 --> 00:37:10,040 Speaker 1: block name blase a name where we go, oh, all right, 572 00:37:10,080 --> 00:37:14,040 Speaker 1: well this was according you know, this is according to 573 00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:19,560 Speaker 1: the the Committee for the Committee for Accuracy in Grain 574 00:37:19,640 --> 00:37:22,920 Speaker 1: Related Health. And then you do some searching on them 575 00:37:22,920 --> 00:37:26,480 Speaker 1: and you go, oh, they're owned by uh, you know, 576 00:37:26,560 --> 00:37:29,520 Speaker 1: as some rival to cheese. It's right, they're owned by 577 00:37:29,600 --> 00:37:34,960 Speaker 1: like horrible Redenbacker. But the the point here is that 578 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:40,399 Speaker 1: this stuff, this stuff can have the appearance of unbiased 579 00:37:40,680 --> 00:37:46,279 Speaker 1: quantitative data, and it's not always true. I have to 580 00:37:46,320 --> 00:37:48,240 Speaker 1: ask you, guys, what do you think about the state 581 00:37:48,440 --> 00:37:52,680 Speaker 1: of I guess the state of mass produced food here 582 00:37:52,719 --> 00:37:54,680 Speaker 1: in the US. That's what I wanted to talk about. 583 00:37:54,960 --> 00:37:58,440 Speaker 1: I feel like we're at this weird point in history 584 00:37:58,440 --> 00:38:03,000 Speaker 1: in this country where we are pushing back towards manufactured foods. 585 00:38:03,360 --> 00:38:06,440 Speaker 1: Not that we're not purchasing them anymore or consuming them. 586 00:38:06,520 --> 00:38:09,560 Speaker 1: We are pushing back with the organic movement and trying 587 00:38:09,560 --> 00:38:13,160 Speaker 1: to move away from this kind of stuff. But it's unfortunately, 588 00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:17,040 Speaker 1: it feels like to me at least, something that can't 589 00:38:17,080 --> 00:38:20,040 Speaker 1: truly come to fruition because we have so many humans 590 00:38:20,080 --> 00:38:22,480 Speaker 1: that we need to feed, so many animals we need 591 00:38:22,520 --> 00:38:25,279 Speaker 1: to feed to feed the humans, and we're going to 592 00:38:25,400 --> 00:38:28,000 Speaker 1: have to continue to process this stuff. And sugar is 593 00:38:28,680 --> 00:38:32,520 Speaker 1: a pretty ideal source of calories I mean, it really is. 594 00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:34,920 Speaker 1: If you just need to get calories and energy to 595 00:38:35,040 --> 00:38:39,279 Speaker 1: move and function, then it seems like it's a no 596 00:38:39,400 --> 00:38:41,560 Speaker 1: brainer that we need sugar and we should keep eating it. 597 00:38:43,000 --> 00:38:46,239 Speaker 1: And talking about this makes me wonder how many times 598 00:38:46,239 --> 00:38:49,080 Speaker 1: we've said the word sugar in this episode And does 599 00:38:49,120 --> 00:38:51,759 Speaker 1: anybody else have a craving now that we've spent this 600 00:38:51,920 --> 00:39:01,920 Speaker 1: long examining this, Uh, sugar, sugar, sugar, I'm done. I 601 00:39:01,920 --> 00:39:03,560 Speaker 1: thought that was good. How it was How did the 602 00:39:03,640 --> 00:39:14,160 Speaker 1: riff go that we were doing earlier? Baby boom boom boom. Sure, fantastic, guys. Uh. 603 00:39:14,200 --> 00:39:18,720 Speaker 1: The the point here of courses is not to vilify sugar, 604 00:39:18,960 --> 00:39:21,799 Speaker 1: and yes, what these people did in the sixties and 605 00:39:21,880 --> 00:39:26,600 Speaker 1: seventies for this particular instance, we're in the wrong. Uh. 606 00:39:26,800 --> 00:39:30,240 Speaker 1: The point is just to just to do our best 607 00:39:30,400 --> 00:39:32,960 Speaker 1: to be aware of this stuff, and it can be challenging. 608 00:39:33,000 --> 00:39:35,120 Speaker 1: You know, we live in a place where a lot 609 00:39:35,160 --> 00:39:38,000 Speaker 1: of very large companies have bought up a bunch of things. 610 00:39:38,080 --> 00:39:43,760 Speaker 1: You know, you might be surprised how many seemingly different 611 00:39:43,800 --> 00:39:46,960 Speaker 1: products in your local grocery store are ultimately owned by 612 00:39:47,200 --> 00:39:52,480 Speaker 1: one corporation, Right, even products that seem to compete. Uh, 613 00:39:52,520 --> 00:39:56,640 Speaker 1: this amount of influence and power can be leveraged in 614 00:39:56,760 --> 00:40:01,640 Speaker 1: unexpected and surprising ways. I think I'm going to uh, 615 00:40:01,800 --> 00:40:04,280 Speaker 1: I might, I don't know, I might drink a soda. 616 00:40:04,640 --> 00:40:07,640 Speaker 1: Don't do it, You're right. What what you What you 617 00:40:07,680 --> 00:40:10,839 Speaker 1: can do right now is go to sugar dot org 618 00:40:11,680 --> 00:40:14,200 Speaker 1: and look at the member companies and you can find 619 00:40:14,200 --> 00:40:18,200 Speaker 1: yourself a whole list here of sugar tycoons. We've got 620 00:40:18,280 --> 00:40:22,160 Speaker 1: Domino Sugar, which is now I guess, the American Sugar 621 00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:27,440 Speaker 1: Refining Incorporated. There's Amalgamated Sugar Company. Is Imperial Sugar on 622 00:40:27,480 --> 00:40:30,239 Speaker 1: the Imperial Sugar is most definitely on here. Remember that 623 00:40:30,480 --> 00:40:35,640 Speaker 1: insane fire at the Imperial Sugar Refinery and Savannah that 624 00:40:35,840 --> 00:40:40,120 Speaker 1: UM sent a bunch of people to burn unit like 625 00:40:40,160 --> 00:40:43,880 Speaker 1: it was a whole disaster sugar dust, and it created 626 00:40:43,880 --> 00:40:48,560 Speaker 1: all kinds of new interest in regulations about sugar manufacturing 627 00:40:48,600 --> 00:40:53,479 Speaker 1: because apparently sugar dust is incredibly flammable and it can 628 00:40:53,520 --> 00:40:57,239 Speaker 1: collect on eaves and beams in the building and there 629 00:40:57,320 --> 00:41:00,840 Speaker 1: it's combustible. So one little poof it can you know, 630 00:41:02,000 --> 00:41:05,600 Speaker 1: be all over UM. So this is two eight. I 631 00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:07,920 Speaker 1: was working for Georgia Public Radio at the time, and 632 00:41:08,320 --> 00:41:12,919 Speaker 1: the most advanced burned unit in the area was in Augusta, UM, 633 00:41:12,920 --> 00:41:15,480 Speaker 1: where I was based, and so we covered that story 634 00:41:15,520 --> 00:41:19,800 Speaker 1: pretty extensively. It was a big, huge, huge deal, man. 635 00:41:20,520 --> 00:41:22,960 Speaker 1: I mean, I'm sorry, I'm just looking at it online. 636 00:41:23,040 --> 00:41:25,759 Speaker 1: UM check it out. It's called the two thousand eight 637 00:41:25,760 --> 00:41:30,680 Speaker 1: Georgia Sugar Refinery explosion. And this concludes our episode, but 638 00:41:30,840 --> 00:41:34,080 Speaker 1: of course not our show. We hope that you enjoyed 639 00:41:34,160 --> 00:41:37,440 Speaker 1: what we explored today. We also hope that if you 640 00:41:37,920 --> 00:41:41,120 Speaker 1: want to learn more about sugar, you avail yourself of 641 00:41:41,160 --> 00:41:45,600 Speaker 1: our parent website, how Stuff Works, which has a pretty 642 00:41:45,640 --> 00:41:50,400 Speaker 1: pretty solid article on how sugar works. There's also stuff 643 00:41:50,400 --> 00:41:53,279 Speaker 1: in there about how fruit toast corn syrup works. But 644 00:41:53,760 --> 00:41:56,360 Speaker 1: there's a whole branching set of articles you can get to. 645 00:41:56,760 --> 00:42:00,239 Speaker 1: You are invited, officially, ladies and gentlemen, to fall down 646 00:42:00,239 --> 00:42:02,960 Speaker 1: a sugar rabbit hole worth us, as well as to 647 00:42:03,040 --> 00:42:06,160 Speaker 1: the other podcast our sister and brother podcasts that exist 648 00:42:06,239 --> 00:42:09,480 Speaker 1: here at how Stuff Works. And I also like to 649 00:42:09,480 --> 00:42:12,960 Speaker 1: take this opportunity to plug a new podcast that friend 650 00:42:13,000 --> 00:42:15,800 Speaker 1: of the show, Lauren Vogelbaum, has been on talking about 651 00:42:15,840 --> 00:42:19,319 Speaker 1: diamonds um is on now called food Stuff that just 652 00:42:19,520 --> 00:42:22,840 Speaker 1: launched today. That the day that we're recording this Wednesday, 653 00:42:23,280 --> 00:42:27,279 Speaker 1: March the first. Uh. Their first episode is about champagne 654 00:42:27,280 --> 00:42:31,200 Speaker 1: and sparkling wine and uh, it's pretty cool stuff. Yes, 655 00:42:31,840 --> 00:42:34,799 Speaker 1: check it out. They'll also have some videos coming out. 656 00:42:34,840 --> 00:42:37,560 Speaker 1: And you know what, that Diamond episode holds up, It 657 00:42:37,640 --> 00:42:40,480 Speaker 1: really does. It holds up in a frightening and terrifying 658 00:42:41,360 --> 00:42:43,239 Speaker 1: And I just have to quickly mention that Annie is 659 00:42:43,280 --> 00:42:46,120 Speaker 1: also on this producer. Annie who worked on stuff Mom 660 00:42:46,200 --> 00:42:49,719 Speaker 1: Never told you for its entirety, She's now on this 661 00:42:49,800 --> 00:42:54,320 Speaker 1: show behind the mic. Yeah, like me, making the jump 662 00:42:54,360 --> 00:42:59,960 Speaker 1: from producer to performer. Yes, but she's a paid actor already, 663 00:43:00,040 --> 00:43:02,160 Speaker 1: so she's gonna be awesome. And we think that if 664 00:43:02,160 --> 00:43:04,520 Speaker 1: you like our show, you will love this one. So 665 00:43:04,680 --> 00:43:07,200 Speaker 1: check us out. Check it out food stuff. You can 666 00:43:07,239 --> 00:43:10,359 Speaker 1: find it wherever you find our podcast, and let us 667 00:43:10,360 --> 00:43:12,400 Speaker 1: know what you think. They're also pretty cool people. If 668 00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:14,319 Speaker 1: you have an idea for an episode they should cover 669 00:43:14,360 --> 00:43:17,200 Speaker 1: in the future right in let him know. There's a 670 00:43:17,200 --> 00:43:19,839 Speaker 1: lot of weird food stuff out there, there is. Uh. 671 00:43:19,920 --> 00:43:24,160 Speaker 1: And speaking of listener mail, I think it's time for 672 00:43:24,680 --> 00:43:31,000 Speaker 1: shut Atconnas. Our first shout out comes from Lorenzo from Sweden. 673 00:43:31,040 --> 00:43:33,440 Speaker 1: He says, Hey, I'm listening to your podcast while I work. 674 00:43:33,880 --> 00:43:36,560 Speaker 1: So here's the story that they don't want you to know, 675 00:43:36,800 --> 00:43:41,120 Speaker 1: and it's alchemy related. The anatomical Machines of San serv 676 00:43:41,520 --> 00:43:45,520 Speaker 1: San Servo Chapel. Never heard of this. These things exist 677 00:43:45,600 --> 00:43:49,120 Speaker 1: and are exhibited in Naples, Italy. If you visit this 678 00:43:49,239 --> 00:43:53,520 Speaker 1: chapel in the underground chamber they're located. Uh. Probably the 679 00:43:53,560 --> 00:43:57,239 Speaker 1: most famous anatomical machines. Either. These are not early robots 680 00:43:57,440 --> 00:44:00,040 Speaker 1: or something similar. They are skeletons of a man and 681 00:44:00,200 --> 00:44:04,080 Speaker 1: and woman in an upright position. The artery and vein 682 00:44:04,160 --> 00:44:07,319 Speaker 1: systems are almost in perfect condition. I just want to 683 00:44:07,360 --> 00:44:10,319 Speaker 1: really quick. This sounds like what's the human exhibit? The 684 00:44:10,400 --> 00:44:13,560 Speaker 1: human bodies? Bodies bodies. Yeah, that's what I'm already seeing 685 00:44:13,560 --> 00:44:16,920 Speaker 1: in my head. Um. These machines were made by the 686 00:44:16,960 --> 00:44:22,680 Speaker 1: doctor Giuseppe Salermo of Palermo under the direction of this 687 00:44:22,680 --> 00:44:24,799 Speaker 1: other guy. With the discovery of deeds and notes, it's 688 00:44:24,800 --> 00:44:28,239 Speaker 1: possible that these things were created in seventeen sixty three 689 00:44:28,360 --> 00:44:31,239 Speaker 1: or sixty four. That is a long time ago. What 690 00:44:31,320 --> 00:44:34,000 Speaker 1: makes it even more interesting interesting is that until now 691 00:44:34,040 --> 00:44:38,040 Speaker 1: scientists have no idea which procedures or materials were used 692 00:44:38,080 --> 00:44:41,759 Speaker 1: to make these things um to obtain such an exceptional 693 00:44:41,800 --> 00:44:44,960 Speaker 1: preservation of the circulatory system, and he's left a place 694 00:44:45,000 --> 00:44:49,600 Speaker 1: where we can go and learn more about it. That's yeah, 695 00:44:49,680 --> 00:44:52,680 Speaker 1: I'm gonna go check that out. I'm gonna go check 696 00:44:52,719 --> 00:44:55,200 Speaker 1: that out. And I already feel the rabbit hole opening. 697 00:44:55,239 --> 00:44:58,680 Speaker 1: Their mystery is a foot and thank you for writing 698 00:44:58,719 --> 00:45:01,279 Speaker 1: and learns our next out out, this one is a 699 00:45:01,640 --> 00:45:04,319 Speaker 1: This one's a little bit long, but I'm so I'm 700 00:45:04,320 --> 00:45:07,440 Speaker 1: going to read selected parts of it if that's cool. 701 00:45:07,920 --> 00:45:11,160 Speaker 1: Our second shout out today is a little bit longer. 702 00:45:11,320 --> 00:45:13,600 Speaker 1: I'm going to read just some excerpts of it from 703 00:45:13,800 --> 00:45:18,200 Speaker 1: night Bringer two thousand. Night Bringer two thousand says, I 704 00:45:18,280 --> 00:45:21,120 Speaker 1: just finished listening to your did the US abandoned soldiers 705 00:45:21,160 --> 00:45:23,680 Speaker 1: in Vietnam War episode and reminded me of a story 706 00:45:23,719 --> 00:45:25,520 Speaker 1: I heard from a friend of the family that was 707 00:45:25,600 --> 00:45:28,520 Speaker 1: in Vietnam. Prompted me to write in was the part 708 00:45:28,520 --> 00:45:31,359 Speaker 1: where you discussed the possibility that perhaps some soldiers were 709 00:45:31,440 --> 00:45:34,680 Speaker 1: left behind because release or return home could implicate the 710 00:45:34,800 --> 00:45:38,280 Speaker 1: US being involved in war crimes. To me, this seems 711 00:45:38,280 --> 00:45:40,880 Speaker 1: plausible for some individuals who didn't return home. Based on 712 00:45:40,920 --> 00:45:42,920 Speaker 1: the story I'm about to share, and he says, he 713 00:45:43,640 --> 00:45:46,960 Speaker 1: branded it's only here safe for him. But he believes 714 00:45:47,040 --> 00:45:50,440 Speaker 1: that when this person was telling the truth. And here's 715 00:45:50,480 --> 00:45:53,560 Speaker 1: the story. At one point during his service in Vietnam, 716 00:45:53,640 --> 00:45:55,480 Speaker 1: as they were pushing inland, they were in a valley. 717 00:45:55,760 --> 00:45:58,040 Speaker 1: At the top of the inland side of the valley 718 00:45:58,120 --> 00:46:00,520 Speaker 1: was a village that they were tasked with securing. Because 719 00:46:00,520 --> 00:46:03,960 Speaker 1: the dense jungle terrain and the defending Vietnamese had an 720 00:46:04,000 --> 00:46:06,880 Speaker 1: elevation advantage their unit, the US unit was having a 721 00:46:06,880 --> 00:46:09,960 Speaker 1: lot of difficulty even progressing toward the village, let alone 722 00:46:10,000 --> 00:46:12,760 Speaker 1: securing it. They tried for several days but were unable 723 00:46:12,800 --> 00:46:15,400 Speaker 1: to gain any ground, and finally the officer in charge 724 00:46:15,440 --> 00:46:18,000 Speaker 1: conceded that they weren't going to secure the village without 725 00:46:18,000 --> 00:46:21,040 Speaker 1: additional help. He made a call to his superiors informing 726 00:46:21,120 --> 00:46:24,080 Speaker 1: him of the situation. Was told assistance would be sent 727 00:46:24,200 --> 00:46:25,799 Speaker 1: and that they would need to hold the ground for 728 00:46:25,840 --> 00:46:28,279 Speaker 1: a couple more days. After a few days, they get 729 00:46:28,320 --> 00:46:30,480 Speaker 1: word that helicopters are coming and they need to secure 730 00:46:30,600 --> 00:46:34,080 Speaker 1: landing zone. When the helicopters arrived, only a small squad 731 00:46:34,120 --> 00:46:38,600 Speaker 1: of six to eight soldiers get out. His friend doesn't 732 00:46:38,600 --> 00:46:41,480 Speaker 1: know if these are Navy Seals, Delta Force, Force Recon 733 00:46:41,680 --> 00:46:44,680 Speaker 1: or some other special forces unit. He supposed they might 734 00:46:44,719 --> 00:46:48,000 Speaker 1: have even been mercenaries. But they were definitely not regular infantry. 735 00:46:48,160 --> 00:46:50,680 Speaker 1: They weren't wearing fatigues, they didn't have name tags, they 736 00:46:50,680 --> 00:46:54,440 Speaker 1: did not identify nor introduced themselves. They only talked briefly 737 00:46:54,480 --> 00:46:59,279 Speaker 1: to the highest ranking officer in the area. So they're 738 00:46:59,280 --> 00:47:02,919 Speaker 1: talking about you know, the soldiers were understandably upset because 739 00:47:02,920 --> 00:47:05,120 Speaker 1: they thought, how are these six to eight guys going 740 00:47:05,160 --> 00:47:07,880 Speaker 1: to help us? And then one of the Special Forces 741 00:47:07,920 --> 00:47:12,359 Speaker 1: guys overhears the overhears the folks arguing about it, and 742 00:47:12,520 --> 00:47:15,520 Speaker 1: he walks over and interjects with a comment along the 743 00:47:15,600 --> 00:47:18,160 Speaker 1: lines of you guys have been here what two weeks, 744 00:47:18,200 --> 00:47:20,360 Speaker 1: and you couldn't take this hill, So they have to 745 00:47:20,400 --> 00:47:22,799 Speaker 1: fly our asses out there to cover you and do 746 00:47:22,920 --> 00:47:25,600 Speaker 1: your job. We're going to take this hill and one night, 747 00:47:25,840 --> 00:47:29,120 Speaker 1: and then you guys are going to feel real extra stupid, 748 00:47:29,400 --> 00:47:32,919 Speaker 1: and he walks away. Fast forward. Once it starts getting dark, 749 00:47:32,960 --> 00:47:35,080 Speaker 1: these Special Forces guys are packing it in to go, 750 00:47:35,480 --> 00:47:37,680 Speaker 1: he says. Once it's starts they all disappear into the 751 00:47:37,719 --> 00:47:41,640 Speaker 1: jungle and what becomes an otherwise uneventful night. The next 752 00:47:41,640 --> 00:47:44,399 Speaker 1: morning is daylight's dawning. They come walking down the hill 753 00:47:44,440 --> 00:47:47,600 Speaker 1: into camp. They tell the first group of infantrymen, the 754 00:47:47,680 --> 00:47:50,560 Speaker 1: village is yours. Now. These guys were pretty confused because 755 00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:52,719 Speaker 1: they hadn't heard a single shot the night before. The 756 00:47:52,760 --> 00:47:55,839 Speaker 1: Special Ops guys go report to the commanding officer. Uh. 757 00:47:55,880 --> 00:47:58,200 Speaker 1: The commanding officer tells him to pack up and proceed 758 00:47:58,280 --> 00:48:01,040 Speaker 1: to the village. They're expecting and distance, so they're easing 759 00:48:01,040 --> 00:48:03,640 Speaker 1: the way up to the hill carefully. No resistance to 760 00:48:03,680 --> 00:48:06,320 Speaker 1: the village. Once they got there was silent. It appeared empty, 761 00:48:07,000 --> 00:48:09,040 Speaker 1: he said. A lot of guys were confused, wondering if 762 00:48:09,040 --> 00:48:11,320 Speaker 1: the villagers had just happened to choose to abandon the 763 00:48:11,400 --> 00:48:14,720 Speaker 1: village that previous evening. As they started sweeping the village, 764 00:48:14,719 --> 00:48:17,080 Speaker 1: they were checking huts, and they found the village was 765 00:48:17,120 --> 00:48:19,799 Speaker 1: not empty or abandoned at all, he said. As they 766 00:48:19,840 --> 00:48:22,560 Speaker 1: went from hut to hut, they found the villagers, the 767 00:48:22,719 --> 00:48:27,040 Speaker 1: entire village, men, women, and children all dead. It appeared 768 00:48:27,080 --> 00:48:29,600 Speaker 1: that most, if not all, died from knife wounds, with 769 00:48:29,719 --> 00:48:32,239 Speaker 1: a lot of them having slashed throats, and many of 770 00:48:32,280 --> 00:48:35,200 Speaker 1: them still in their beds. He doesn't know exactly what 771 00:48:35,280 --> 00:48:37,520 Speaker 1: happened that night, but the thought and talk amongst the 772 00:48:37,520 --> 00:48:40,520 Speaker 1: regular infantrymen is that the special forces guys must have 773 00:48:40,560 --> 00:48:42,600 Speaker 1: silently killed the guards and then went from hut to 774 00:48:42,680 --> 00:48:45,520 Speaker 1: hut and killed the villagers while they were sleeping. He 775 00:48:45,560 --> 00:48:47,560 Speaker 1: said there were many of dozens of people in the village, 776 00:48:47,600 --> 00:48:49,719 Speaker 1: all of them dead after a single night and not 777 00:48:49,840 --> 00:48:52,280 Speaker 1: a shot heard. He said this is the most disturbing 778 00:48:52,320 --> 00:48:54,480 Speaker 1: thing he's ever seen and that he'll never forget it. 779 00:48:55,200 --> 00:49:00,239 Speaker 1: So wow. So this is talking about a war rhyme, 780 00:49:00,719 --> 00:49:03,920 Speaker 1: and this is why, according to night Bringer two thousand, 781 00:49:03,960 --> 00:49:09,360 Speaker 1: he believes it's completely plausible that some people would have 782 00:49:09,400 --> 00:49:13,759 Speaker 1: been left behind if they were compromised in the execution 783 00:49:13,800 --> 00:49:18,240 Speaker 1: of an operation like this. This is scary, scary stuff. 784 00:49:18,280 --> 00:49:21,080 Speaker 1: Thank you for writing to us, Nightbringer, and folks say, 785 00:49:21,120 --> 00:49:23,880 Speaker 1: I know that one was a little bit longer than normal, 786 00:49:24,000 --> 00:49:26,399 Speaker 1: but try to edit it a little for time, and 787 00:49:27,120 --> 00:49:32,439 Speaker 1: we think it's an important story. So pretty grizzly, I'll 788 00:49:32,440 --> 00:49:35,320 Speaker 1: say that, And on a to end, on a slightly 789 00:49:35,400 --> 00:49:38,440 Speaker 1: less gruesome note, we have a shout out from Stephen 790 00:49:38,680 --> 00:49:42,759 Speaker 1: or Stefan from Melbourne, Australia. He says, hi guys, a 791 00:49:42,840 --> 00:49:45,080 Speaker 1: massive fan of the show, absolutely love it. Request a 792 00:49:45,120 --> 00:49:50,080 Speaker 1: shout out to my girlfriend Chris Chrystalla. Chrystalla, what do 793 00:49:50,080 --> 00:49:53,760 Speaker 1: you think, Chrystalla. We hope we got it right. Stephen 794 00:49:53,920 --> 00:49:57,440 Speaker 1: or Stefan shout out, Gosh, we're really butchering this one. 795 00:49:57,680 --> 00:49:59,600 Speaker 1: Um I would love to hear more episodes on the 796 00:49:59,600 --> 00:50:04,279 Speaker 1: following topics UFOs and aliens check w W two Nazi conspiracies, 797 00:50:04,280 --> 00:50:07,040 Speaker 1: would love to do that, such as the Nazi bell ship. 798 00:50:07,160 --> 00:50:10,120 Speaker 1: Are you aware of that one? Then? Oh? Yes, this 799 00:50:10,200 --> 00:50:12,839 Speaker 1: is the idea of this. This is the idea that 800 00:50:12,880 --> 00:50:19,280 Speaker 1: the Nazi Party discovered uh an energy that essentially changed 801 00:50:19,360 --> 00:50:22,560 Speaker 1: the rules of gravity, and that it was a bell 802 00:50:22,680 --> 00:50:25,799 Speaker 1: shaped object that was either used to produce this or 803 00:50:25,960 --> 00:50:30,000 Speaker 1: was itself the vehicle Nazi Bell. Interesting. And then finally 804 00:50:30,080 --> 00:50:32,400 Speaker 1: one that we've been talking about a lot lately, ghosts 805 00:50:32,400 --> 00:50:37,000 Speaker 1: and paranormal activity. Um I would say, chances are good 806 00:50:37,040 --> 00:50:39,960 Speaker 1: to get something on every single one of those at 807 00:50:40,000 --> 00:50:42,560 Speaker 1: some point this year. Yeah, we haven't done a full 808 00:50:42,640 --> 00:50:46,239 Speaker 1: Nazi Bell when we did Magic, No, we didn't. We 809 00:50:46,280 --> 00:50:48,920 Speaker 1: haven't done audio podcasts on any of this stuff. We 810 00:50:49,000 --> 00:50:52,040 Speaker 1: haven't have we here we're gonna go back through. We're 811 00:50:52,040 --> 00:50:54,040 Speaker 1: gonna do all this stuff. You're gonna love it. Stefan 812 00:50:54,080 --> 00:51:00,080 Speaker 1: and Chrystala shout out. Crystal Stephen s Fo thank you 813 00:51:00,239 --> 00:51:03,560 Speaker 1: so much for writing in with those excellent topic recommendations. 814 00:51:03,960 --> 00:51:06,120 Speaker 1: And I can't believe that we forgot to do those. 815 00:51:06,600 --> 00:51:13,160 Speaker 1: It's great. Uh and this concludes. Gosh, how cool is 816 00:51:13,200 --> 00:51:16,160 Speaker 1: it that there are people in Melbourne listening to us? 817 00:51:16,520 --> 00:51:18,799 Speaker 1: It's pretty cool. Thank you. We appreciate your time. I'd 818 00:51:18,800 --> 00:51:21,600 Speaker 1: love to go visit there sometime. Absolutely, So if you 819 00:51:21,600 --> 00:51:23,680 Speaker 1: want to write to us, you have anything to share, 820 00:51:23,760 --> 00:51:27,319 Speaker 1: a comment, an opinion about something, or a story you'd 821 00:51:27,360 --> 00:51:29,840 Speaker 1: like to weave that maybe we'll say on the show, 822 00:51:30,800 --> 00:51:34,120 Speaker 1: or something your fellow listeners need to know. Then you 823 00:51:34,160 --> 00:51:37,120 Speaker 1: can find us on Facebook. You can find us on Twitter, 824 00:51:37,160 --> 00:51:39,880 Speaker 1: you can find us on Instagram where Conspiracy Stuff at 825 00:51:39,920 --> 00:51:42,680 Speaker 1: the first two, Conspiracy Stuff Show at the third one, 826 00:51:43,000 --> 00:51:46,160 Speaker 1: and you can check out every single audio episode that Noel, 827 00:51:46,239 --> 00:51:49,879 Speaker 1: Matt and I have ever done on our website Deep 828 00:51:49,880 --> 00:51:52,839 Speaker 1: Breath Stuff. They Don't want you to Know dot Com. 829 00:51:52,920 --> 00:51:55,920 Speaker 1: And that's the end of this classic episode. If you 830 00:51:56,000 --> 00:52:00,160 Speaker 1: have any thoughts or questions about this episode, you can 831 00:52:00,160 --> 00:52:02,720 Speaker 1: get into contact with us in a number of different ways. 832 00:52:02,920 --> 00:52:04,439 Speaker 1: One of the best is to give us a call. 833 00:52:04,520 --> 00:52:07,800 Speaker 1: Our number is one eight three three st d w 834 00:52:08,200 --> 00:52:10,080 Speaker 1: y t K. If you don't want to do that, 835 00:52:10,400 --> 00:52:12,719 Speaker 1: you can send us a good old fashioned email. We 836 00:52:12,840 --> 00:52:17,440 Speaker 1: are conspiracy at i heart radio dot com. Stuff they 837 00:52:17,440 --> 00:52:19,360 Speaker 1: don't want you to know is a production of I 838 00:52:19,520 --> 00:52:22,600 Speaker 1: heart Radio. For more podcasts from my heart Radio, visit 839 00:52:22,640 --> 00:52:25,360 Speaker 1: the i heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 840 00:52:25,440 --> 00:52:26,600 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows.