1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:04,040 Speaker 1: Welcome to the show Ridiculous Historians. We are on a 2 00:00:04,040 --> 00:00:07,920 Speaker 1: little bit of a vacation. We we got so hyped. 3 00:00:08,920 --> 00:00:11,960 Speaker 1: If we got so hyped, nol Well, we rediscovered one 4 00:00:11,960 --> 00:00:17,040 Speaker 1: of our favorite catchphrases. Yeah, straight seahorse teeth. Baby. Um, 5 00:00:17,079 --> 00:00:19,119 Speaker 1: it's true though you speak the truth. We are on 6 00:00:19,160 --> 00:00:23,840 Speaker 1: a microcation. Uh and uh we thought, as we actually 7 00:00:23,880 --> 00:00:28,000 Speaker 1: mentioned in the previous episode, uh that you've heard this week, um, 8 00:00:28,040 --> 00:00:32,760 Speaker 1: where we rediscovered the expression straight seahorse teeth. Uh. There's 9 00:00:32,800 --> 00:00:34,680 Speaker 1: an episode that that came from, and it was one 10 00:00:34,720 --> 00:00:37,520 Speaker 1: of our early ones, and it was about, um, among 11 00:00:37,560 --> 00:00:41,280 Speaker 1: other things, just the history of kind of weird dental work, 12 00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:43,879 Speaker 1: but but not on a triggering kind of like you know, 13 00:00:44,479 --> 00:00:49,720 Speaker 1: scared of the title is when dentists sold dentures made 14 00:00:49,800 --> 00:00:52,040 Speaker 1: with corpse teeth. So if you asked me, if you 15 00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:55,480 Speaker 1: were like Ben, is this is this a doubter episode, 16 00:00:55,560 --> 00:00:59,520 Speaker 1: my answer would be, oddly enough, absolutely not. And that's 17 00:01:01,080 --> 00:01:03,640 Speaker 1: no it Max Sadden. This is definitely before his time, 18 00:01:04,360 --> 00:01:07,760 Speaker 1: downer in places because it doesn't involve you know, corpses 19 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:13,039 Speaker 1: and the the unauthorized use of their teeth. But it's 20 00:01:13,080 --> 00:01:16,560 Speaker 1: also delightful things like like seahorse teeth involved as well, 21 00:01:16,680 --> 00:01:19,960 Speaker 1: So uh, it's it's quite the romp if I if 22 00:01:19,959 --> 00:01:23,440 Speaker 1: I recall correctly, Max, we think this one is straight 23 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:26,479 Speaker 1: sea horse teeth, and we hope you enjoy it as 24 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:30,080 Speaker 1: much as we hope are fellow ridiculous historians enjoy it. 25 00:01:30,120 --> 00:01:32,160 Speaker 1: I think it's a good phrase. I think it's cool. 26 00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:35,319 Speaker 1: I think it works to quote Johathan Strickling the Quister 27 00:01:36,040 --> 00:02:05,240 Speaker 1: roll that beautiful bean footage. It's no secret that one 28 00:02:05,480 --> 00:02:10,400 Speaker 1: of the average americans least favorite things to do is 29 00:02:10,480 --> 00:02:13,480 Speaker 1: to go to the dentist. Not not super popular with 30 00:02:13,520 --> 00:02:15,640 Speaker 1: a lot of people, Ben, I'm fond of going to 31 00:02:15,680 --> 00:02:18,440 Speaker 1: the dentist. Does that make me weird? No? No, it's 32 00:02:18,440 --> 00:02:21,960 Speaker 1: just another reason that I find you extraordinary. All extraordinary 33 00:02:22,000 --> 00:02:23,959 Speaker 1: just another word for weird, though, isn't it, Ben? No, 34 00:02:24,320 --> 00:02:28,320 Speaker 1: I feel like it has a better connotation nowadays. Although 35 00:02:28,360 --> 00:02:32,040 Speaker 1: extraordinary could be anything unusual or anomalous, nowadays we usually 36 00:02:32,080 --> 00:02:35,639 Speaker 1: say extraordinary when we mean something is good. Do you 37 00:02:35,680 --> 00:02:38,880 Speaker 1: know what, Ben, I'll take it as a compliment them awesome. 38 00:02:38,960 --> 00:02:42,960 Speaker 1: Speaking of extraordinary, let's introduce everyone to our super producer, 39 00:02:43,040 --> 00:02:47,639 Speaker 1: Casey Pegrum. But I don't want to get lost on 40 00:02:47,840 --> 00:02:53,520 Speaker 1: this conversational you you genuinely do like going to the dentist. No, 41 00:02:56,639 --> 00:02:58,680 Speaker 1: I was just I was gonna go with you on it. 42 00:02:58,720 --> 00:03:00,600 Speaker 1: I know I couldn't. I could. I cann't lie to 43 00:03:00,639 --> 00:03:04,480 Speaker 1: the people, man. Now, I was just trying to be extraordinary. 44 00:03:04,560 --> 00:03:09,560 Speaker 1: It's you know, it's it's weird because, uh, dentistry is 45 00:03:09,880 --> 00:03:12,480 Speaker 1: it's a necessary thing, right, It's come a long way, 46 00:03:12,639 --> 00:03:15,000 Speaker 1: and it has come such a long way. You will 47 00:03:15,080 --> 00:03:20,560 Speaker 1: hear some critics of modern dentistry say that they're purposefully 48 00:03:20,720 --> 00:03:25,320 Speaker 1: not pursuing the newest technological breakthroughs or techniques. But you 49 00:03:25,400 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: and I grew up in the days and in case 50 00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:29,600 Speaker 1: you as well, grew up in the days where those 51 00:03:29,800 --> 00:03:33,040 Speaker 1: mercury fillings were quite common, remember those. I don't you 52 00:03:33,040 --> 00:03:35,920 Speaker 1: know what's funny. I I never had a cavity until 53 00:03:35,960 --> 00:03:40,120 Speaker 1: like last year, because I have benefited from a development 54 00:03:40,160 --> 00:03:43,200 Speaker 1: and modern dentistry called celent, which is a thing they 55 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:45,760 Speaker 1: did to like every kid in my town. I guess 56 00:03:45,840 --> 00:03:48,000 Speaker 1: because I know lots of other kids that got it. 57 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:49,280 Speaker 1: But I've also talked people that I have no idea 58 00:03:49,320 --> 00:03:51,000 Speaker 1: what I'm talking about, and it's some kind of like 59 00:03:51,080 --> 00:03:53,800 Speaker 1: extra coating they put on your teeth that kind of 60 00:03:53,840 --> 00:03:55,800 Speaker 1: cases them in and keeps them safe from all the 61 00:03:55,840 --> 00:03:58,280 Speaker 1: horrible stuff that you shove into your mouth as a child. 62 00:03:58,520 --> 00:04:01,320 Speaker 1: So I had this like false sense of security and 63 00:04:01,360 --> 00:04:04,120 Speaker 1: this false sense of superiority that I had never had 64 00:04:04,160 --> 00:04:06,119 Speaker 1: a cavity, and then all of a sudden, at thirty 65 00:04:06,160 --> 00:04:10,480 Speaker 1: four years old, getting cavities. So you know, uh, well, 66 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:13,040 Speaker 1: can't you get them recealed or something? Yeah, that's a 67 00:04:13,040 --> 00:04:15,320 Speaker 1: good question, Benn, that to which I have no answer. 68 00:04:15,320 --> 00:04:17,400 Speaker 1: I think it's something only children are permitted to do. 69 00:04:17,720 --> 00:04:21,000 Speaker 1: Oh wow, I don't know that. Like the Shining and 70 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:24,920 Speaker 1: the Stephen King universe. Uh well, that's not quite that's 71 00:04:24,960 --> 00:04:28,039 Speaker 1: not quite true because Hollrand also at the Shining, he 72 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:30,240 Speaker 1: did have the shinning. Yeah, but he Oh yeah, I 73 00:04:30,279 --> 00:04:33,320 Speaker 1: don't want to get a siege. But we're talking about 74 00:04:33,400 --> 00:04:38,560 Speaker 1: dentistry and how far it's come. We're very very lucky 75 00:04:38,680 --> 00:04:45,279 Speaker 1: today and comparison to dental patients of the past. You 76 00:04:45,360 --> 00:04:50,680 Speaker 1: and I quite recently learned that a little bit about 77 00:04:50,680 --> 00:04:54,520 Speaker 1: the history of dentistry and just how gruesome it was 78 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:58,640 Speaker 1: in way back in eighteen fifteen. I guess the foundations 79 00:04:58,720 --> 00:05:02,560 Speaker 1: what will become modern dent history existed, but it was 80 00:05:02,640 --> 00:05:07,800 Speaker 1: still in its infancy, and people had terrible, terrible teeth. 81 00:05:08,200 --> 00:05:10,600 Speaker 1: You know, you would just your teeth would get ground 82 00:05:10,720 --> 00:05:14,520 Speaker 1: down over time, depending on your diet, You would lose 83 00:05:14,680 --> 00:05:20,160 Speaker 1: teeth to infection or lack of hygiene and maintenance. And 84 00:05:20,200 --> 00:05:23,680 Speaker 1: it didn't matter whether you were popper or a prince, 85 00:05:24,240 --> 00:05:26,400 Speaker 1: your teeth would probably at some point in your life 86 00:05:26,440 --> 00:05:29,520 Speaker 1: become problematic. Yeah, especially in the upper class. And like 87 00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:33,440 Speaker 1: the mid to late seventeen hundreds, when you know ingestion 88 00:05:33,560 --> 00:05:36,039 Speaker 1: of sugar by the upper class was on the rise. 89 00:05:36,480 --> 00:05:41,599 Speaker 1: That really precipitated that rot and that irreversible decay that 90 00:05:41,640 --> 00:05:44,800 Speaker 1: would happen in the mouths of these aristocrats, which led 91 00:05:44,839 --> 00:05:49,520 Speaker 1: to things like horrible, horrible, stinking breath and like a 92 00:05:49,600 --> 00:05:52,760 Speaker 1: funky kind of rotting taste in your mouth. And no 93 00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:54,840 Speaker 1: nobody wants that, So what would they do. They would 94 00:05:54,839 --> 00:05:58,200 Speaker 1: just like get rid of all their their real teeth 95 00:05:58,320 --> 00:06:01,120 Speaker 1: and get them replaced with some hand d dandy dentures. 96 00:06:01,520 --> 00:06:04,680 Speaker 1: And we should also point out these problems. I think 97 00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:06,919 Speaker 1: that was the primary problem, but there was also a 98 00:06:06,960 --> 00:06:11,960 Speaker 1: compounding factor, which was people would try to whiten their 99 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:15,919 Speaker 1: teeth as well by using acidic solutions. So if the 100 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:18,919 Speaker 1: sugar didn't get you, the acid would That's the thing 101 00:06:19,040 --> 00:06:21,440 Speaker 1: you always think about when you're you're talking about, you know, 102 00:06:21,680 --> 00:06:24,600 Speaker 1: past forms of technology that we now know and love 103 00:06:24,680 --> 00:06:27,320 Speaker 1: and and and benefit from. There's a lot of just 104 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:29,840 Speaker 1: kind of trial and error, and it's like, oh, this 105 00:06:29,920 --> 00:06:32,760 Speaker 1: does want sort of like a mercury as laccidents, Like, oh, 106 00:06:32,800 --> 00:06:34,840 Speaker 1: this definitely does one thing, but it also does this 107 00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:37,080 Speaker 1: other thing that I'm not fully aware of, and that 108 00:06:37,279 --> 00:06:41,200 Speaker 1: is is ultimately worse than the thing that it's fixing, right, right, 109 00:06:41,240 --> 00:06:43,960 Speaker 1: But let's make sure my bile is correct. Of course, 110 00:06:44,279 --> 00:06:47,680 Speaker 1: so they're they're on a search for dentures. They know 111 00:06:48,160 --> 00:06:52,360 Speaker 1: enough about human anatomy to know that it is uh 112 00:06:52,440 --> 00:06:55,960 Speaker 1: virtually impossible, well, let's say extraordinary for people to grow 113 00:06:56,279 --> 00:06:59,160 Speaker 1: multiple sets of teeth. It does happen, but not often. 114 00:06:59,640 --> 00:07:04,120 Speaker 1: And that that's when you start to find advertisements. He said, 115 00:07:04,160 --> 00:07:07,760 Speaker 1: this was late eighteenth century, right. We found an advertisement 116 00:07:07,839 --> 00:07:11,840 Speaker 1: reprinted in an excellent BBC article that we won't won't 117 00:07:11,880 --> 00:07:14,720 Speaker 1: give you the headline of yet, but we we can 118 00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:17,080 Speaker 1: just go ahead and read it for you. It says 119 00:07:17,640 --> 00:07:23,600 Speaker 1: wanted several human front teeth to prevent unnecessary applications. Those 120 00:07:23,720 --> 00:07:27,280 Speaker 1: only are wanted that are sent from the continent. Applied 121 00:07:27,360 --> 00:07:32,920 Speaker 1: to Dr Wolfendale, Dentist number twenty one, Dova Street, Piccadilly. 122 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:36,600 Speaker 1: That guy's a dentist, but he's not saying that he'll 123 00:07:36,640 --> 00:07:40,160 Speaker 1: fix teeth. He wants to buy teeth. That seems a 124 00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:43,880 Speaker 1: little weird, doesn't it. Yeah, but not really, because here's 125 00:07:43,880 --> 00:07:48,000 Speaker 1: the thing that I was intrigued by the most popular 126 00:07:48,360 --> 00:07:51,600 Speaker 1: way of making are the most popular and cost effective 127 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:54,160 Speaker 1: way let's say, of making dentures was out of like 128 00:07:54,240 --> 00:07:58,560 Speaker 1: elephant ivory, for example, or any other type of bone material. 129 00:07:59,040 --> 00:08:01,840 Speaker 1: But didn't think about this at all. That stuff does 130 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:06,800 Speaker 1: not have enamel, which is nature's sealant, and that is 131 00:08:06,840 --> 00:08:09,040 Speaker 1: what keeps your teeth from or at least you know, 132 00:08:09,120 --> 00:08:12,480 Speaker 1: slows down the inevitable process of your teeth rotting out 133 00:08:12,480 --> 00:08:15,440 Speaker 1: of your head. So if you have these, um, these 134 00:08:15,480 --> 00:08:18,560 Speaker 1: and these bone dentures in your mouth, they will eventually 135 00:08:18,680 --> 00:08:21,640 Speaker 1: also begin to rot. Yeah, it doesn't matter if their 136 00:08:21,640 --> 00:08:26,360 Speaker 1: wal wrist, tusk, elephant tusks, hippopotamus teeth, they will eventually 137 00:08:26,760 --> 00:08:29,560 Speaker 1: fall the same way, especially if you don't change your diet, 138 00:08:29,800 --> 00:08:33,600 Speaker 1: and I believe was it um it was George Washington, right, 139 00:08:33,640 --> 00:08:37,079 Speaker 1: who had dentures made of carved hippopotamus ivory. I think 140 00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:39,400 Speaker 1: that's right, And that was Wasn't that like one of 141 00:08:39,400 --> 00:08:42,440 Speaker 1: those kind of misnomer stories whereveryone's like he had wooden teeth? 142 00:08:42,920 --> 00:08:45,400 Speaker 1: The truth was a little bit more still weird, but 143 00:08:45,400 --> 00:08:48,520 Speaker 1: but not wouldn't as gross? Well, wouldn't that would just 144 00:08:48,559 --> 00:08:52,320 Speaker 1: get disgusting very quick, wouldn't it? Because how often wouldn't it? 145 00:08:52,520 --> 00:08:56,719 Speaker 1: How often would you have to replace those wooden dentures? 146 00:08:56,760 --> 00:09:00,120 Speaker 1: Think about this, Think about a wooden spoon and how 147 00:09:00,120 --> 00:09:03,640 Speaker 1: it holds up in the dishwasher, for example, or you know, 148 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:06,680 Speaker 1: upon repeated use, it starts to get kind of soft 149 00:09:06,720 --> 00:09:10,760 Speaker 1: and weird and squishy and rough around the edges. Anyway, 150 00:09:10,960 --> 00:09:15,920 Speaker 1: point being the solution, the more expensive solution, because a 151 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:18,559 Speaker 1: pair of ivory dentures, So it's okay, let let me 152 00:09:18,600 --> 00:09:21,160 Speaker 1: be backtracks a little bit. They would be full ivory 153 00:09:21,240 --> 00:09:23,280 Speaker 1: dentures where they would be carved out of a single 154 00:09:23,280 --> 00:09:26,440 Speaker 1: piece of ivory. Then the higher quality ones would have 155 00:09:26,440 --> 00:09:29,320 Speaker 1: a base of ivory, and they would have human teeth. 156 00:09:29,480 --> 00:09:32,520 Speaker 1: To your point, been human teeth for sale or you know, 157 00:09:32,600 --> 00:09:36,439 Speaker 1: seeking human teeth and the want ads um stitched in 158 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:38,800 Speaker 1: or actually kind of like wired in. I believe they 159 00:09:38,800 --> 00:09:40,600 Speaker 1: were like pins. There were there are different ways of 160 00:09:40,600 --> 00:09:43,199 Speaker 1: doing it. Pins or wires were the two primary men, 161 00:09:43,400 --> 00:09:47,360 Speaker 1: that's right. So this those would cost a hundred pounds 162 00:09:47,400 --> 00:09:50,160 Speaker 1: with the human teeth, and that meant that they were 163 00:09:50,200 --> 00:09:53,760 Speaker 1: relegated to the upper crust of the aristocracy, even the 164 00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:55,480 Speaker 1: I don't know, I'm not even gonna ask you to 165 00:09:55,520 --> 00:09:57,680 Speaker 1: inflation calculator that, but that would have been a dear, 166 00:09:57,880 --> 00:10:01,600 Speaker 1: dear price. Actually, friends, I have some I have some 167 00:10:01,679 --> 00:10:05,800 Speaker 1: good news here. Because the uninety Kingdom has been around 168 00:10:05,840 --> 00:10:10,600 Speaker 1: so long, we can take a stab at some inflation calculations. 169 00:10:10,679 --> 00:10:12,559 Speaker 1: And I'm so excited about that. I'm going to give 170 00:10:12,600 --> 00:10:15,840 Speaker 1: you a pass for actuallying me. I feel like I 171 00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:21,760 Speaker 1: actually both of us. So one pounds in sevento is 172 00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:28,000 Speaker 1: approximately equivalent to fourteen thousand, three hundred pounds in eighteen. 173 00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:32,280 Speaker 1: And let's take it a little bit further. Let's convert 174 00:10:32,360 --> 00:10:36,600 Speaker 1: pounds to dollars, because if we're being honest, I'm not 175 00:10:36,640 --> 00:10:39,160 Speaker 1: sure about that conversion rate. I don't know offhand how 176 00:10:39,240 --> 00:10:42,680 Speaker 1: much that is. I'm gonna guess like casey on the 177 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:46,640 Speaker 1: case was he right? Let's see, let's see us in 178 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:49,720 Speaker 1: a pound like roughly two dollars. I know it changes, 179 00:10:51,240 --> 00:10:53,560 Speaker 1: so that's why I said roughly, guys, roughly was accounting 180 00:10:53,559 --> 00:10:57,400 Speaker 1: for fluctuation. So would that be okay? So it's fourteen thousand, 181 00:10:57,679 --> 00:11:01,120 Speaker 1: three hundred pounds. That equates too. We have a drum 182 00:11:01,240 --> 00:11:15,120 Speaker 1: roll please three seven? The pound is crater. Well, you 183 00:11:15,120 --> 00:11:16,760 Speaker 1: know that that is in the news right now, is 184 00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:21,360 Speaker 1: that right? Yeah, Brexit is doing all sorts of shenanigans. 185 00:11:21,720 --> 00:11:23,360 Speaker 1: I gotta buy something stuff from the UK. That's a 186 00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:25,200 Speaker 1: good idea, you know. I actual not to derail us 187 00:11:25,200 --> 00:11:27,480 Speaker 1: too farm, but I still can't hear Brexit and not 188 00:11:27,600 --> 00:11:32,440 Speaker 1: think of breakfast. Really not as tasty. Brexit is going 189 00:11:32,480 --> 00:11:35,199 Speaker 1: to be a future episode of ridiculous history. If we're 190 00:11:35,200 --> 00:11:38,560 Speaker 1: still doing this show twenty years later. We are. We 191 00:11:38,600 --> 00:11:40,800 Speaker 1: are too. I hope he's love the energy for it. 192 00:11:46,120 --> 00:11:49,600 Speaker 1: So yeah, people would pay enormous amounts of money for 193 00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:52,960 Speaker 1: these dentures that were as you said, all the primo 194 00:11:53,080 --> 00:11:57,280 Speaker 1: ones have an ivory base individually sewed in or penned 195 00:11:57,320 --> 00:12:00,960 Speaker 1: in or wired in human teeth. And the reason that 196 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:04,720 Speaker 1: people would pay more for This is because the slightly 197 00:12:04,840 --> 00:12:09,199 Speaker 1: lower tier ivory dentures were, as you said, a block 198 00:12:09,240 --> 00:12:13,280 Speaker 1: of ivory where someone would just carve teeth looking notches 199 00:12:13,559 --> 00:12:16,480 Speaker 1: into these things, and they looked terrible because they were 200 00:12:16,520 --> 00:12:21,360 Speaker 1: way too white, and they also were clearly one chomper. 201 00:12:22,120 --> 00:12:26,600 Speaker 1: That's right, yeah, exactly. But back to human teeth are obviously, 202 00:12:26,640 --> 00:12:29,120 Speaker 1: like you said, Ben, because of the you know, the 203 00:12:29,240 --> 00:12:33,400 Speaker 1: finite nature of our ability to grow teeth. We got 204 00:12:33,400 --> 00:12:35,280 Speaker 1: the baby ones and then we got the big boy 205 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:38,000 Speaker 1: and girl ones and then we're done. That's it. They 206 00:12:38,040 --> 00:12:40,040 Speaker 1: are in short supply because nobody wants to part with 207 00:12:40,080 --> 00:12:42,040 Speaker 1: them if they can help it. Because what happens when 208 00:12:42,080 --> 00:12:45,120 Speaker 1: you lose your teeth, Ben, you can't talk, You sound 209 00:12:45,280 --> 00:12:48,240 Speaker 1: like all mumble mouth. You get these like sunken cheeks 210 00:12:48,320 --> 00:12:51,120 Speaker 1: looking things. You know, you've ever seen somebody with dentures. 211 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:55,360 Speaker 1: Take them out. It's a thing. Uh yeah, it's it's 212 00:12:55,400 --> 00:12:58,480 Speaker 1: a definite weird moment. No shade on anyone that is 213 00:12:58,480 --> 00:13:00,840 Speaker 1: missing their teeth or any elderly folks in the audience. 214 00:13:00,880 --> 00:13:03,719 Speaker 1: It's a natural part of life. But these were like, 215 00:13:04,080 --> 00:13:06,240 Speaker 1: you know, twenty some things, thirty some things, and a 216 00:13:06,240 --> 00:13:08,679 Speaker 1: lot of them were like in high positions and government. 217 00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:11,440 Speaker 1: They did not want to take their turn at the 218 00:13:11,440 --> 00:13:14,560 Speaker 1: podium and have to, you know, mumble their way through 219 00:13:14,679 --> 00:13:17,880 Speaker 1: a speech that was not gonna fly. And one of 220 00:13:17,880 --> 00:13:21,920 Speaker 1: the big questions here then becomes what is the provenance 221 00:13:22,160 --> 00:13:25,200 Speaker 1: of these teeth? Because, as we said, tooth decay was rampant. 222 00:13:25,600 --> 00:13:28,720 Speaker 1: So you know, you have to find the right donor 223 00:13:29,400 --> 00:13:31,760 Speaker 1: in order to provide the teeth. Otherwise you have to 224 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:36,920 Speaker 1: find someone who is either um impoverished and wants to 225 00:13:37,040 --> 00:13:39,800 Speaker 1: make some money to sell their teeth, to sell their 226 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:42,040 Speaker 1: own teeth. It's like that expression, I'd sell my eye 227 00:13:42,040 --> 00:13:44,959 Speaker 1: teeth or I'd give my eye teeth for a bite 228 00:13:44,960 --> 00:13:47,720 Speaker 1: of that candy. What's an eye tooth? Yeah, I don't know, 229 00:13:47,760 --> 00:13:50,720 Speaker 1: ben Casey. Is it a canine? I do not know teeth? 230 00:13:51,040 --> 00:13:52,559 Speaker 1: Is it like a wisdom tooth? I feel like it's 231 00:13:52,559 --> 00:13:54,480 Speaker 1: sort of like an imaginary too. Is it just one 232 00:13:54,480 --> 00:13:56,400 Speaker 1: of your front teeth? Let's just go let's go with 233 00:13:56,440 --> 00:14:00,200 Speaker 1: that canine? Perhaps, Yeah, I was guessing Canada, but right 234 00:14:00,280 --> 00:14:03,520 Speaker 1: in and let us know. Although we could just search 235 00:14:03,600 --> 00:14:06,000 Speaker 1: the internet, well, we'd like to hear your takes. So 236 00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:07,480 Speaker 1: I guess we're getting at is you have to be 237 00:14:07,520 --> 00:14:10,760 Speaker 1: in a pretty uh sticky situation to want to sell 238 00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:13,480 Speaker 1: your teeth. So while that may have happened here and there, 239 00:14:13,840 --> 00:14:16,920 Speaker 1: that certainly was not a sustainable source of teeth. Ben. 240 00:14:17,120 --> 00:14:19,680 Speaker 1: This is where your favorite types from this period come 241 00:14:19,680 --> 00:14:22,720 Speaker 1: into play. The resurrection man. Oh, yes, it is true, 242 00:14:23,080 --> 00:14:27,680 Speaker 1: It is true, Tonal, because there was you see, one 243 00:14:28,000 --> 00:14:33,840 Speaker 1: very particular demographic that didn't willingly donate their teeth, but 244 00:14:33,960 --> 00:14:36,520 Speaker 1: were left in a position where they could not object 245 00:14:36,640 --> 00:14:42,239 Speaker 1: to their teeth being taken. And those were soldiers and criminals, 246 00:14:43,080 --> 00:14:48,120 Speaker 1: because after their spirit had departed the mortal plane, especially 247 00:14:48,160 --> 00:14:51,160 Speaker 1: in the case of criminals, their bodies would be used 248 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:54,680 Speaker 1: by grave robbers, by resurrection men supplied on the medical 249 00:14:54,720 --> 00:14:59,160 Speaker 1: black market for people studying anatomy. But they found this 250 00:14:59,320 --> 00:15:03,120 Speaker 1: other set and dairy market, which was to take their 251 00:15:03,160 --> 00:15:06,720 Speaker 1: teeth and sell them to high flute and dentists. And 252 00:15:06,760 --> 00:15:08,520 Speaker 1: what are you looking for, Ben, If you're one of 253 00:15:08,520 --> 00:15:11,280 Speaker 1: these resurrection men, you want the freshest of the fresh. 254 00:15:11,600 --> 00:15:13,880 Speaker 1: You don't want to go actually digging in graves if 255 00:15:13,880 --> 00:15:15,560 Speaker 1: you can help it, I mean, sure you you will 256 00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:18,720 Speaker 1: if you need to. But um, what would be a 257 00:15:18,800 --> 00:15:23,720 Speaker 1: pretty amazing source for these teeth, these precious little bone nuggets, 258 00:15:24,320 --> 00:15:29,520 Speaker 1: would be a recent blood bath of a battle, right, 259 00:15:29,800 --> 00:15:33,040 Speaker 1: such as the Battle of Waterloo. That's where we're going totally. 260 00:15:33,040 --> 00:15:37,000 Speaker 1: We're there. Yeah, we're there at the Battle of Waterloo. 261 00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:41,160 Speaker 1: It's gross here. There's there's bodies everywhere. What was it 262 00:15:41,280 --> 00:15:48,600 Speaker 1: like fifty dead after Napoleon's forces were defeated by the English? Yep, 263 00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:53,800 Speaker 1: this human tragedy. The scene is if you imagine hazy, 264 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:57,360 Speaker 1: the smell of carrion is in the air. We're here, ben, 265 00:15:57,400 --> 00:16:00,120 Speaker 1: where we've traveled here? Yeah, we're here, we are And 266 00:16:00,960 --> 00:16:04,240 Speaker 1: if you look in the distance there as if you're 267 00:16:04,280 --> 00:16:07,200 Speaker 1: here with us, you can see some groups of people 268 00:16:07,680 --> 00:16:13,000 Speaker 1: walking from corpse to corpse, squatting down with an early 269 00:16:13,280 --> 00:16:19,200 Speaker 1: version of pliers and wrestling, wriggling, wrenching teeth out of 270 00:16:19,240 --> 00:16:23,920 Speaker 1: the mouths of these corpses. You see, this is a 271 00:16:24,080 --> 00:16:26,960 Speaker 1: brand new business. And we say they're taking teeth, They're 272 00:16:27,000 --> 00:16:30,080 Speaker 1: taking a lot of teeth. Well, here's my question, man, 273 00:16:30,080 --> 00:16:33,080 Speaker 1: do you think this was like parallel thinking? Was this 274 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:36,800 Speaker 1: just like holy cow, this is a gold mine of 275 00:16:36,840 --> 00:16:39,960 Speaker 1: teeth because this new profession or this you know, uh 276 00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:42,800 Speaker 1: new trade had Wasn't that new. It had have been 277 00:16:42,840 --> 00:16:44,520 Speaker 1: around for a while. The use of human teeth I 278 00:16:44,520 --> 00:16:48,680 Speaker 1: think dates as far back as uh the bcs bcs right, 279 00:16:49,040 --> 00:16:53,120 Speaker 1: uh seven b c. Etruscans in northern Italy made dentures 280 00:16:53,120 --> 00:16:55,400 Speaker 1: out of human teeth. So, you know, while this wasn't 281 00:16:55,440 --> 00:16:58,640 Speaker 1: like exactly a new idea, it seems like it was hot. 282 00:16:58,840 --> 00:17:00,960 Speaker 1: It was a hot come out of and that was 283 00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:05,160 Speaker 1: a relatively new ish development, like from the mid seventeen hundreds, 284 00:17:05,160 --> 00:17:07,680 Speaker 1: I guess, yeah. And people, here's one of the big 285 00:17:07,720 --> 00:17:12,600 Speaker 1: controversies that we're still trying to suss out today. Nowadays, 286 00:17:12,680 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 1: we refer to this particular genre of denture as Waterloo teeth, 287 00:17:18,080 --> 00:17:23,240 Speaker 1: based again on that tremendous battle right, But according to 288 00:17:23,320 --> 00:17:29,000 Speaker 1: some researchers like Rachel Bearsto, nobody really called them that 289 00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:33,960 Speaker 1: at the time, and this leads her to speculate the 290 00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:38,120 Speaker 1: people may not have had any idea where these teeth 291 00:17:38,160 --> 00:17:40,280 Speaker 1: were coming from. Do you think this would have affected 292 00:17:40,280 --> 00:17:42,280 Speaker 1: the market since all of a sudden, I wouldn't call 293 00:17:42,320 --> 00:17:44,879 Speaker 1: it a glut. I guess that demand was so high, 294 00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:50,520 Speaker 1: but this certainly fifty human specimens, you know, that would 295 00:17:50,520 --> 00:17:54,560 Speaker 1: probably have maybe caused a fluctuation in the price. Maybe 296 00:17:54,640 --> 00:17:58,200 Speaker 1: I could see it definitely causing a fluctuation in the price. 297 00:17:58,680 --> 00:18:01,120 Speaker 1: Maybe it would have gone down. We don't know how much, 298 00:18:01,359 --> 00:18:03,960 Speaker 1: you know it would make this level of dental work 299 00:18:04,480 --> 00:18:08,040 Speaker 1: available to say, someone who was just in the landowning 300 00:18:08,080 --> 00:18:13,400 Speaker 1: class but not wealthy. That answer, we don't know. However, 301 00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:17,880 Speaker 1: we do have a list from the British Dental Association's 302 00:18:18,040 --> 00:18:22,159 Speaker 1: museum in London. It's almost a menu. It's a tooth menu, 303 00:18:22,480 --> 00:18:28,240 Speaker 1: it's it's a mouth menu. It's listing American pivot teeth 304 00:18:29,280 --> 00:18:31,680 Speaker 1: and natural teeth and you can order them in an 305 00:18:31,720 --> 00:18:35,000 Speaker 1: upper set of six, a lower set of six can 306 00:18:35,119 --> 00:18:39,040 Speaker 1: order odd centrals, laterals and canines. What are American pivot teeth? 307 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:41,560 Speaker 1: What is that referring to? We know that the definition 308 00:18:41,600 --> 00:18:45,480 Speaker 1: of a pivot tooth is an artificial crown attached to 309 00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:47,400 Speaker 1: the root of a tooth. Okay, so what we're talking 310 00:18:47,400 --> 00:18:49,760 Speaker 1: about would be more than natural teeth, right right, We're 311 00:18:49,760 --> 00:18:51,600 Speaker 1: talking about the natural teeth, and we have a chart 312 00:18:51,640 --> 00:18:54,960 Speaker 1: for that too, from a William Harnet's dental depot. And 313 00:18:54,960 --> 00:18:57,200 Speaker 1: a lot of this is coming from a fantastic article 314 00:18:57,520 --> 00:19:00,359 Speaker 1: with amazing visuals on the BBC called the cher is 315 00:19:00,400 --> 00:19:03,240 Speaker 1: made from the teeth of dead soldiers at Waterloo by 316 00:19:03,320 --> 00:19:08,160 Speaker 1: Paul Curly. And this dental depot has a price list 317 00:19:08,240 --> 00:19:12,320 Speaker 1: from eighteen fifty one that shows the breakdown of how 318 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:16,919 Speaker 1: much dentists pay wholesale for these different amounts of teeth. 319 00:19:17,840 --> 00:19:21,520 Speaker 1: I want to be transparent here. I have not become 320 00:19:21,560 --> 00:19:26,760 Speaker 1: an expert in British currency from the nineteenth century, so 321 00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:30,160 Speaker 1: there are abbreviations that I don't understand. Yeah, Like, for example, 322 00:19:30,160 --> 00:19:32,240 Speaker 1: it says you can get them in this natural teeth 323 00:19:32,240 --> 00:19:33,480 Speaker 1: by the way, you can get them in sets of 324 00:19:33,520 --> 00:19:36,240 Speaker 1: six uppers, and it says from and then it says 325 00:19:36,320 --> 00:19:41,120 Speaker 1: to slash six to five slash and nothing. So hey 326 00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:46,560 Speaker 1: right in. If you're any historical dental historians out there, 327 00:19:46,920 --> 00:19:48,760 Speaker 1: it's redundant. But you know what I'm saying. Let us know. 328 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:50,760 Speaker 1: My favorite thing though, it is has a whole list 329 00:19:50,840 --> 00:19:53,040 Speaker 1: and then it says it sets of six uppers from 330 00:19:53,040 --> 00:19:55,720 Speaker 1: and then that, and then it says ditto six lowers, 331 00:19:55,960 --> 00:19:58,200 Speaker 1: and then we've got by cus beds upper. It says 332 00:19:58,320 --> 00:20:00,800 Speaker 1: nine d each. I'm not or what the D stands 333 00:20:00,840 --> 00:20:05,000 Speaker 1: for ditto lower sixty. Then you got the the animal 334 00:20:05,400 --> 00:20:10,040 Speaker 1: type teeth which I love because it offers seahorse teeth. Yeah, 335 00:20:10,119 --> 00:20:14,240 Speaker 1: wouldn't those be tiny? And then it all offers straight 336 00:20:14,280 --> 00:20:17,600 Speaker 1: seahorse teeth, which for some reason reminds me of mix 337 00:20:17,640 --> 00:20:20,040 Speaker 1: tapes where something is straight fire. Well, if it's the 338 00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:23,760 Speaker 1: straight seahorse teeth, that means it's uncut, it's unkind direct, 339 00:20:24,600 --> 00:20:27,159 Speaker 1: it's the director of your mouth. With seahorse teeth. You 340 00:20:27,240 --> 00:20:30,320 Speaker 1: also get see how tusk. I presume that means that 341 00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:33,520 Speaker 1: the dentists would be doing the carving of the tusk themselves, 342 00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:38,440 Speaker 1: unless some people just really wanted not early tusk, which 343 00:20:38,480 --> 00:20:40,520 Speaker 1: you know is not out of the realm of possibility, 344 00:20:40,640 --> 00:20:43,119 Speaker 1: especially nowadays with all these like grilled pieces and stuff. 345 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:46,080 Speaker 1: You ever seen any of those, Oh yeah, the vampire 346 00:20:46,119 --> 00:20:49,320 Speaker 1: teeth with the things ye wild. I have an aversion 347 00:20:49,400 --> 00:20:51,800 Speaker 1: to touching metal, as you know, so I the thought 348 00:20:51,800 --> 00:20:54,080 Speaker 1: of having that in my mouth fills me with dread. Well, 349 00:20:54,119 --> 00:20:55,520 Speaker 1: here's the thing for me, it's like you you're gonna 350 00:20:55,560 --> 00:20:58,560 Speaker 1: pay fifty dollars to look like a meth head. It's like, 351 00:20:58,560 --> 00:21:02,320 Speaker 1: I don't understand that logic. You know, it's from a difference. 352 00:21:02,359 --> 00:21:04,800 Speaker 1: It just looks like your teeth are jacked. Up. That's true. 353 00:21:04,920 --> 00:21:07,680 Speaker 1: That's true. Um. But you know, if it makes people 354 00:21:07,680 --> 00:21:11,320 Speaker 1: happy and they're not hurting anyone, I'm sure that their dentists, 355 00:21:11,359 --> 00:21:14,320 Speaker 1: their jeweler isn't complaining. Who do you think puts those? 356 00:21:14,440 --> 00:21:16,000 Speaker 1: Do you think it's a jeweler? Do you think it's 357 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:18,119 Speaker 1: a dentist. It's just funny. The reason I bring it 358 00:21:18,160 --> 00:21:20,600 Speaker 1: up is because I've I discovered this. There's a famous 359 00:21:21,440 --> 00:21:25,240 Speaker 1: jeweler who in Dallas who does chains and stuff like 360 00:21:25,240 --> 00:21:26,919 Speaker 1: he does it for like little YACHTI and like all 361 00:21:26,920 --> 00:21:29,760 Speaker 1: the lils, you know, And he also does grill pieces 362 00:21:29,800 --> 00:21:32,119 Speaker 1: and he I think they're faults, like they fit on 363 00:21:32,200 --> 00:21:34,200 Speaker 1: top of your regular teeth, so it's not like they're 364 00:21:34,200 --> 00:21:37,840 Speaker 1: actually ripping your teeth out and replacing them with diamond chunks. 365 00:21:37,840 --> 00:21:40,639 Speaker 1: But it's still it gives me the creeps too, Ben, 366 00:21:40,680 --> 00:21:47,840 Speaker 1: I'm with you on them. So I want to go 367 00:21:47,880 --> 00:21:53,159 Speaker 1: back to your earlier question about whether the market became glutted. 368 00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:59,760 Speaker 1: It's strange because two things occur in the mid eighteen hundreds. 369 00:21:59,760 --> 00:22:05,120 Speaker 1: There is the thirty two Anatomy Act, which clamps down 370 00:22:05,480 --> 00:22:08,160 Speaker 1: on the trade and dead human beings and dead human 371 00:22:08,200 --> 00:22:09,919 Speaker 1: being part because it was a wild West. Up to 372 00:22:09,960 --> 00:22:12,479 Speaker 1: this point, it was pretty weird. They would just go 373 00:22:12,520 --> 00:22:15,040 Speaker 1: on this battlefield and just rip out the teeth of 374 00:22:15,080 --> 00:22:19,000 Speaker 1: the new, the dearly departed, the recently dearly departing. And 375 00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:22,639 Speaker 1: at the same time there were some new things emerging 376 00:22:22,720 --> 00:22:25,760 Speaker 1: that could take the place of real teeth. And that's 377 00:22:25,760 --> 00:22:28,760 Speaker 1: where we start to see all these straight sea horse teeth. 378 00:22:29,240 --> 00:22:31,199 Speaker 1: I can't not see it that way. That sounds like 379 00:22:31,240 --> 00:22:34,440 Speaker 1: a really great compliment. You talked about someone's mixtape. You say, man, 380 00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:37,640 Speaker 1: that was straight teeth. That's a great idea. We should 381 00:22:37,680 --> 00:22:39,840 Speaker 1: make it a catchphrase. I think we should. I think 382 00:22:39,880 --> 00:22:42,520 Speaker 1: we just did. I think we did. Let's tell o 383 00:22:43,160 --> 00:22:45,320 Speaker 1: power mad, but you know, let's be street sea horse 384 00:22:45,320 --> 00:22:48,280 Speaker 1: teeth about it. Yeah, I like it. It feels good. 385 00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:50,719 Speaker 1: Some other things happened to like what there were some 386 00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:55,680 Speaker 1: developments in dental technology and required licensing of dentist because 387 00:22:55,680 --> 00:22:57,439 Speaker 1: remember we were talking about how like I think that 388 00:22:57,760 --> 00:22:59,840 Speaker 1: researcher that you mentioned earlier, Ben, what was her name, 389 00:23:00,080 --> 00:23:03,840 Speaker 1: Rachel Barstow. She is quoted in saying that during this time, 390 00:23:04,359 --> 00:23:08,280 Speaker 1: everyone dabbled in dentistry, meaning that it was not necessarily 391 00:23:08,400 --> 00:23:12,480 Speaker 1: a codified profession. Yet at that point and so that's 392 00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:15,960 Speaker 1: something that happened right around the time of that Anatomy Act. 393 00:23:16,240 --> 00:23:19,280 Speaker 1: There were also some other developments technologically speaking that may 394 00:23:19,320 --> 00:23:22,960 Speaker 1: have rendered this question of, you know, human teeth for 395 00:23:23,000 --> 00:23:25,919 Speaker 1: the middle class a little bit mood. Although we probably 396 00:23:25,920 --> 00:23:29,360 Speaker 1: had a good fifteen years when the products of those 397 00:23:29,400 --> 00:23:33,119 Speaker 1: fifty thousand dead souls probably made the round, that seems 398 00:23:33,160 --> 00:23:35,040 Speaker 1: like a lot long enough time for those to get 399 00:23:35,040 --> 00:23:37,280 Speaker 1: some use, wouldn't you say? Yeah, I would say, because 400 00:23:37,320 --> 00:23:41,520 Speaker 1: at the time. Look, someone invented the first porcelain dentures 401 00:23:41,520 --> 00:23:45,119 Speaker 1: in way back in seventeen seventy four, but they were terrible. 402 00:23:45,160 --> 00:23:48,000 Speaker 1: They would chip, just like ivory. They sometimes look too 403 00:23:48,000 --> 00:23:52,680 Speaker 1: white to be convincing. So these waterloo teeth or human 404 00:23:52,720 --> 00:23:55,399 Speaker 1: teeth in general were just considered easier to eat with, 405 00:23:55,640 --> 00:24:01,120 Speaker 1: way more comfortable. And that continued after eighteen until as 406 00:24:01,119 --> 00:24:06,080 Speaker 1: we're about to explore, now, these new technological inventions hit 407 00:24:06,160 --> 00:24:10,160 Speaker 1: the market. That's right by the eighteen thirties. Um, there 408 00:24:10,240 --> 00:24:16,600 Speaker 1: were some significant improvements made into those crappier porcelain teeth. Uh. 409 00:24:16,640 --> 00:24:20,000 Speaker 1: And there was something called tube teeth that was developed 410 00:24:20,040 --> 00:24:25,520 Speaker 1: by a jeweler named Claudius ash Um. And then again 411 00:24:25,600 --> 00:24:28,400 Speaker 1: from this BBC article that I recommend highly checking out. 412 00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:30,240 Speaker 1: There's some amazing pictures of all of the stuff that 413 00:24:30,280 --> 00:24:34,159 Speaker 1: we're talking about. The American innovators of industry, Charles and 414 00:24:34,240 --> 00:24:38,160 Speaker 1: Nelson Goodyear of of the Goodyear Blimp fame Um developed 415 00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:41,720 Speaker 1: something called it was a compound using something called India 416 00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:44,639 Speaker 1: rubber that is very much in line I think with 417 00:24:44,800 --> 00:24:47,439 Speaker 1: what is used today. That your grandpapa might have the 418 00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:50,800 Speaker 1: pink kind of soft rubbery bass that looks very much 419 00:24:50,840 --> 00:24:53,000 Speaker 1: like gums that make up the part of the denthuer 420 00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:55,320 Speaker 1: that the teeth are actually embedded in. And it was 421 00:24:55,359 --> 00:24:57,679 Speaker 1: easy to mass produce and it fits the bill in 422 00:24:57,760 --> 00:25:00,800 Speaker 1: terms of the color. Yeah, called vulcanite sometimes it was 423 00:25:00,880 --> 00:25:04,200 Speaker 1: the discovery of the vulcanization of rubber. That's the process 424 00:25:04,280 --> 00:25:08,080 Speaker 1: that allows rubber to withstand heat and cold. And this 425 00:25:08,119 --> 00:25:10,560 Speaker 1: stuff eventually went on to be used in so many 426 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:15,400 Speaker 1: other things. Tires obviously it's Goodyear, pencil raisers, life jackets, balls, 427 00:25:15,440 --> 00:25:18,760 Speaker 1: gloves and more and more stuff. But yeah, it played 428 00:25:18,800 --> 00:25:22,719 Speaker 1: a huge role in the dentist industry. Mentioned tube teeth 429 00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:28,040 Speaker 1: with Claudius ash Uh. He mounted his on something similar 430 00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:30,920 Speaker 1: to a grill. It was eighteen carrot gold plate and 431 00:25:31,040 --> 00:25:34,080 Speaker 1: had gold springs and swivels. And this is where we 432 00:25:34,119 --> 00:25:37,240 Speaker 1: get to a part that really bothers me, man because 433 00:25:37,280 --> 00:25:42,080 Speaker 1: as even though they're making these amazing breakthroughs in the 434 00:25:42,119 --> 00:25:45,080 Speaker 1: appearance of the teeth, the appearance of the gums, the 435 00:25:45,160 --> 00:25:48,359 Speaker 1: placing of it, and so on, they still have the 436 00:25:48,680 --> 00:25:57,560 Speaker 1: steampunk esque metal springs that that connect the top. Disgusting. 437 00:25:57,600 --> 00:26:00,840 Speaker 1: It looks like something off of Hell Raiser, like rub 438 00:26:00,880 --> 00:26:02,840 Speaker 1: you raw on the inside of your mouth. I was 439 00:26:02,920 --> 00:26:06,200 Speaker 1: thinking about that too, like cutting the inside of your cheeks. 440 00:26:06,240 --> 00:26:09,840 Speaker 1: But the thing is these would get fitted for people 441 00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:12,720 Speaker 1: and then refitted after they had spent some time with them. 442 00:26:12,720 --> 00:26:14,800 Speaker 1: You would go to a jeweler jeweler and they would 443 00:26:14,880 --> 00:26:17,400 Speaker 1: fix up your They would fix your springs, because that's 444 00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:22,840 Speaker 1: the thing. Then that researcher you mentioned earlier, Rachel Barrister. Barrister, Yeah, 445 00:26:23,040 --> 00:26:25,600 Speaker 1: she had a great quote saying that in around this time, 446 00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:30,160 Speaker 1: everyone dabbled in dentistry because there were no like laws 447 00:26:30,160 --> 00:26:33,800 Speaker 1: on the books or regulations governing the profession or any 448 00:26:33,840 --> 00:26:37,359 Speaker 1: kind of certifications That would not come for many, many 449 00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:39,920 Speaker 1: more years, which is crazy to me, until like almost 450 00:26:39,960 --> 00:26:43,360 Speaker 1: nine I think around eighteen seventy nine. That was when 451 00:26:43,400 --> 00:26:47,600 Speaker 1: the first register was right. But they they didn't even 452 00:26:47,640 --> 00:26:51,359 Speaker 1: have a dental legislation passed until eighteen seventy eight. So 453 00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:53,959 Speaker 1: that's why you would go to a jeweler rather than 454 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:56,879 Speaker 1: a specialized dentist, unless you had a dentist who happened 455 00:26:56,920 --> 00:27:00,920 Speaker 1: to just be somehow good and not just so Johnny 456 00:27:00,960 --> 00:27:04,760 Speaker 1: toothpick off the street, who wants to mess with stranger's 457 00:27:04,760 --> 00:27:08,760 Speaker 1: teeth for money? Yes, j yeah, old Johnny toothpick. And 458 00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:13,399 Speaker 1: as we know, this field continues to evolve in the 459 00:27:13,440 --> 00:27:18,680 Speaker 1: twentieth century. Acrylic starts placing volcan a fluoride makes its 460 00:27:18,680 --> 00:27:24,960 Speaker 1: way into toothpaste. But the big question, which we still 461 00:27:24,960 --> 00:27:27,840 Speaker 1: still do not know the answer to, is how many 462 00:27:27,960 --> 00:27:33,040 Speaker 1: of these people knew where they were getting these teeth. 463 00:27:33,280 --> 00:27:36,200 Speaker 1: I mean, what would you have done? Wait, like, if 464 00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:38,960 Speaker 1: you if you had some Really you've been eating, you've 465 00:27:38,960 --> 00:27:43,399 Speaker 1: been living a sugary sweet life. You play some acids 466 00:27:43,480 --> 00:27:48,960 Speaker 1: and skittles and Marza pan or something you love. I 467 00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:50,639 Speaker 1: like that. That's the stuff with the almond in it 468 00:27:51,240 --> 00:27:54,440 Speaker 1: and paste. It's amazing. So uh it makes little trinkets 469 00:27:54,440 --> 00:27:56,000 Speaker 1: out of it too. You can mold it into little 470 00:27:56,560 --> 00:28:01,040 Speaker 1: fruits and little little mushrooms. We should get some marzipan 471 00:28:01,119 --> 00:28:03,679 Speaker 1: after this, we should I should be like, you know what, 472 00:28:03,760 --> 00:28:07,480 Speaker 1: the there's like a French bakery downstairs that has mars. 473 00:28:07,760 --> 00:28:10,240 Speaker 1: It's a good place. Um. What would I do if 474 00:28:10,359 --> 00:28:13,600 Speaker 1: would you if you were on if you were on 475 00:28:13,920 --> 00:28:17,239 Speaker 1: the dental fence and you had lost several teeth at 476 00:28:17,280 --> 00:28:20,919 Speaker 1: this time, would you be comfortable putting the teeth of 477 00:28:20,960 --> 00:28:23,760 Speaker 1: another person in your mouth, taking a tooth stoner? I 478 00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:27,320 Speaker 1: would much prefer the teeth of a freshly deceased, you know, 479 00:28:27,640 --> 00:28:30,840 Speaker 1: strapping young lad, then that of some sort of hardened 480 00:28:30,840 --> 00:28:35,560 Speaker 1: criminal hanging from the noose, rotting in the sun. Yeah, yeah, 481 00:28:35,640 --> 00:28:38,280 Speaker 1: I see what you SAIDs how I feel about that? Yeah, 482 00:28:38,440 --> 00:28:40,400 Speaker 1: I'm I'm on the same page as the resurrection man. 483 00:28:40,480 --> 00:28:43,200 Speaker 1: I want mine to be fresh. There's another thing that 484 00:28:43,280 --> 00:28:48,400 Speaker 1: happens in let's see before the legislation stuff passes In 485 00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:52,760 Speaker 1: the UK. Supplies of these human teeth are not just 486 00:28:52,880 --> 00:28:56,400 Speaker 1: limited to Waterloo and criminals. They increased during the crimean 487 00:28:56,480 --> 00:29:00,280 Speaker 1: War of the eighteen fifties, and in eighteen sixty five, 488 00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:05,479 Speaker 1: outfit named the Paul Maull Gazette reported that some London 489 00:29:05,600 --> 00:29:08,720 Speaker 1: dentists still refused to switch the porcelain. They said, no, 490 00:29:09,080 --> 00:29:13,040 Speaker 1: natural teeth, that's my business. Human teeth. Get me more teeth. 491 00:29:13,400 --> 00:29:16,040 Speaker 1: And I know Waterloo is over, but we have a 492 00:29:16,080 --> 00:29:19,240 Speaker 1: whole new source on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. 493 00:29:19,280 --> 00:29:24,120 Speaker 1: You see, the Civil War occurred. Yeah, and now there's 494 00:29:24,160 --> 00:29:28,520 Speaker 1: an entirely new source of teeth for what we're called 495 00:29:28,640 --> 00:29:33,720 Speaker 1: the tooth robbers. So like evil tooth fairies, mercenary tooth fairies. 496 00:29:33,880 --> 00:29:36,680 Speaker 1: Love that image, Ben, I love that image. Now here's 497 00:29:36,680 --> 00:29:39,080 Speaker 1: a question for you. Sure can you imagine if like 498 00:29:39,240 --> 00:29:43,920 Speaker 1: organ transplants were possible in those days, what an absolute 499 00:29:43,920 --> 00:29:46,120 Speaker 1: ship show those battlefield would have been, with people just 500 00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:49,640 Speaker 1: pulling out guts left and right, throwing them in the coolers. 501 00:29:50,040 --> 00:29:52,120 Speaker 1: You know, I shuddered. I think a lot of people 502 00:29:52,160 --> 00:29:55,840 Speaker 1: would have died simply because the hygiene wasn't there, right, 503 00:29:55,920 --> 00:29:58,840 Speaker 1: and we didn't really understand what makes uh because this 504 00:29:59,440 --> 00:30:02,400 Speaker 1: stuff in this alternate reality of mine, organ transplants are possible, 505 00:30:02,440 --> 00:30:05,440 Speaker 1: but people are still quite disgusting, right Well, they would 506 00:30:05,480 --> 00:30:08,080 Speaker 1: also firstly, if we've learned anything, the first thing they 507 00:30:08,120 --> 00:30:14,040 Speaker 1: would try to do is transplant organs from animals, which Uh, 508 00:30:14,360 --> 00:30:17,200 Speaker 1: that's my that's my reaction to that. We're verging onto 509 00:30:17,240 --> 00:30:19,480 Speaker 1: a different show that we do. But check out our 510 00:30:19,520 --> 00:30:21,360 Speaker 1: episode and stuff they don't want you to know about 511 00:30:21,360 --> 00:30:24,320 Speaker 1: the red market. The red market, it's a real thing 512 00:30:24,760 --> 00:30:27,440 Speaker 1: in In the meantime, though, I've got to say all 513 00:30:27,520 --> 00:30:31,280 Speaker 1: that we give dentists a tough time. I if you're 514 00:30:31,320 --> 00:30:34,480 Speaker 1: listening and you're in the dental industry where you're a hygienist, 515 00:30:34,640 --> 00:30:38,200 Speaker 1: or you're someone who just carves teeth from enamel, which 516 00:30:38,240 --> 00:30:42,400 Speaker 1: is a job, yeah, or your a dds yourself, thank 517 00:30:42,440 --> 00:30:46,360 Speaker 1: you so much, hugged dentists. Hugged dentists, thank them for 518 00:30:46,560 --> 00:30:49,400 Speaker 1: not putting the teeth of a corpse in your mouth. 519 00:30:49,640 --> 00:30:54,040 Speaker 1: That sounds like an ancient curse or something that may 520 00:30:54,120 --> 00:30:57,160 Speaker 1: the teeth of the corps ever be in young mouth? Right, 521 00:30:57,560 --> 00:31:00,520 Speaker 1: that's uh, that's some pox on your house kind of stuff. Really. 522 00:31:01,120 --> 00:31:05,080 Speaker 1: And on that note, on that note, I like ending 523 00:31:05,160 --> 00:31:09,080 Speaker 1: on dst and then and then a curse a pox 524 00:31:09,160 --> 00:31:14,000 Speaker 1: on your mouth. So let us know what your experiences 525 00:31:14,200 --> 00:31:17,280 Speaker 1: have been with dentists. Do you think dentistry gets a 526 00:31:17,320 --> 00:31:20,880 Speaker 1: hard rap? Uh? Do you think people should be more 527 00:31:20,920 --> 00:31:24,920 Speaker 1: appreciative of dentists? Would you sport the teeth of a 528 00:31:25,000 --> 00:31:27,719 Speaker 1: corpse in your mouth on a day to day basis 529 00:31:27,760 --> 00:31:30,720 Speaker 1: while you eat your hot pockets? Let us know. You 530 00:31:30,760 --> 00:31:32,520 Speaker 1: can write to us a ridiculous at how stuff works 531 00:31:32,560 --> 00:31:34,320 Speaker 1: dot com. You can hit us up on our Facebook group, 532 00:31:34,360 --> 00:31:38,320 Speaker 1: which is the Ridiculous Historians on Facebook courtesy of our 533 00:31:38,360 --> 00:31:41,320 Speaker 1: pal Mark Zuckerberg. We've got some thanks to throw out there. 534 00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:43,920 Speaker 1: We do have some things to throw out there. Of course, 535 00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:48,560 Speaker 1: Casey super producer, Casey pegram As always thank you, No, 536 00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:52,240 Speaker 1: I want to thank you. I think this has been 537 00:31:52,280 --> 00:31:55,320 Speaker 1: a pretty cool conversation. We found some neat catchphrases. That's 538 00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:59,800 Speaker 1: straight seahorse teeth dog right right, And we also would 539 00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:03,160 Speaker 1: who thank Alex Williams who composed our track which is 540 00:32:03,160 --> 00:32:06,320 Speaker 1: straight sea horse teeth. Which is straight sea horse teeth, folks, 541 00:32:06,880 --> 00:32:10,080 Speaker 1: I hope you enjoy this catchphrase because I think we're 542 00:32:10,080 --> 00:32:12,600 Speaker 1: gonna We're gonna ride this one out. Is not the 543 00:32:12,680 --> 00:32:15,240 Speaker 1: last you've heard of straight sea horse teeth, definitely not. 544 00:32:15,640 --> 00:32:19,040 Speaker 1: We want to thank our research associates, Gabe Christophrosse Listen, Used, 545 00:32:19,080 --> 00:32:21,520 Speaker 1: Jeff go and most importantly, we want to thank you 546 00:32:21,680 --> 00:32:24,680 Speaker 1: folks out there in podcast land. Thanks for listening, and 547 00:32:24,720 --> 00:32:27,120 Speaker 1: be sure to tune in next time when we talk 548 00:32:27,240 --> 00:32:31,840 Speaker 1: about feral children and imperialism. It's gonna be a good 549 00:32:31,880 --> 00:32:35,640 Speaker 1: old time. Roger Kipper, Oh boy, that guy was a jerk. 550 00:32:36,120 --> 00:32:36,600 Speaker 1: Reill Phill