WEBVTT - Back In the U.S.S.R.

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<v Speaker 1>Pushkin. At the height of the Cold War, with the.

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<v Speaker 2>Closing of the border, Soviet divisions in East Germany were

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<v Speaker 2>on the move, with combat forces brought into strategic positions

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<v Speaker 2>for the contest over the status of Berlin.

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<v Speaker 1>At a time when two halves of the world were

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<v Speaker 1>separated by an iron curtain. On the brink of nuclear war,

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<v Speaker 1>the Beatles released Well, a strange kind of rock and

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<v Speaker 1>roll song, Flumy beat Ze. I'm Formuldau. I'm a poet,

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<v Speaker 1>a lover of not only the lyric poem, but the

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<v Speaker 1>song lyric view. Over the past several years, I've got

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<v Speaker 1>to spend time with one of the greatest songwriters of

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<v Speaker 1>our era.

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<v Speaker 3>And will you look at me? It's happened. I'm going

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<v Speaker 3>on to I'm actually a performer.

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<v Speaker 1>That's sir Paul McCartney. He and I worked on a

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<v Speaker 1>book together, looking at the lyrics of more than one

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<v Speaker 1>hundred and fifty of his songs, and we recorded many

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<v Speaker 1>hours of our conversations.

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<v Speaker 3>She I'm a songwriter. My God, will that that crypt homie?

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<v Speaker 1>This is McCartney a life in lyrics. It's a masterclass,

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<v Speaker 1>a memoir and an improvised journey with one of the

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<v Speaker 1>most iconic figures in popular music in this episode back

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<v Speaker 1>in the USSR.

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<v Speaker 2>Mobilization efforts during the last months of nineteen sixty one

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<v Speaker 2>brought the United States Army to a strength of over

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<v Speaker 2>a million men, subsequently increasing our troops strength throughout Europe.

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<v Speaker 1>It's hard to imagine just how puzzling it would have

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<v Speaker 1>been in nineteen sixty eight to hear a song about

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<v Speaker 1>somebody being happy to leave the West and go back

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<v Speaker 1>to the Soviet Union. Only a few months before, Russian

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<v Speaker 1>tanks had rolled into Prague to crack down on protests

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<v Speaker 1>against Soviet control. This nineteen sixty eight report from ABC

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<v Speaker 1>News highlights the extent of the operation.

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<v Speaker 4>Russian tanks and infantry, aided by troops from East Germany, Hungary, Poland,

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<v Speaker 4>and Bulgaria, have occupied Czechoslovakia and have crushed the new

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<v Speaker 4>and relatively liberal leadership of that small country.

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<v Speaker 1>The way this song turns the cultural and political world

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<v Speaker 1>order on its head is what makes it the joke

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<v Speaker 1>of an era. As was often the case for McCartney,

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<v Speaker 1>he drew inspiration from what was happening in the wider world,

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<v Speaker 1>as well as from the songs that were playing on

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<v Speaker 1>his radio.

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<v Speaker 5>Chuck Berry wrote a song called Back in the US,

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<v Speaker 5>which we were very familiar with, and so I kind

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<v Speaker 5>of thought it was it was kind of cool. It

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<v Speaker 5>was obviously a serviceman returning home, right, going back into

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<v Speaker 5>the UX, going back into his home civilization.

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<v Speaker 1>Chuck Berry had come back from a trip to Australia

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<v Speaker 1>where he had witnessed the dismal living conditions of the

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<v Speaker 1>indigenous population, and he wrote this song as a kind

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<v Speaker 1>of anthem to his glorious USA from glassing over the

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<v Speaker 1>struggles of the American civil rights movement at the time.

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<v Speaker 1>Berry's song is a celebration of capitalism and the economic

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<v Speaker 1>boom of the nineteen fifties, of drive ins and sizzling Hamburgers.

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<v Speaker 1>Paul McCartney and the Beatles loved Chuck Berry, and they

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<v Speaker 1>loved this upbeat, celebratory anthem. But not a decade had best.

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<v Speaker 1>The Vietnam War was a total failure, and the world's

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<v Speaker 1>love affair with American culture had started to wear off.

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<v Speaker 3>It was a little bit.

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<v Speaker 5>Two pro us because we were in the UK, so

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<v Speaker 5>I could pokephone on it in my own way, and

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<v Speaker 5>when I saw that US SR was kind of similar,

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<v Speaker 5>then I realized I could sit back in the US.

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<v Speaker 5>I could do a little parody on Chuck's idea of

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<v Speaker 5>being back, and I would have a Russian guy who'd

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<v Speaker 5>come from America and was glad to be back in Russia.

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<v Speaker 3>And it comes from Miami.

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<v Speaker 5>On BOAC British Overseasys Corporation.

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<v Speaker 2>BOAC, He's our standing contribution to the second generation of

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<v Speaker 2>jet airliners.

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<v Speaker 1>The speaker of the song, the protagonist flies back to

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<v Speaker 1>the Soviet Union with the glamour of modern jet travel,

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<v Speaker 1>like that showcased in this nineteen sixty four ad for BOAC.

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<v Speaker 2>In the Economy Cloud.

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<v Speaker 1>The standard is so high the passengers can easily this

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<v Speaker 1>way themselves. But the VIP.

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<v Speaker 5>One medium drive vodka, my team mixed.

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<v Speaker 1>Like you said, who is this man? It's easy to

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<v Speaker 1>imagine him as a kind of suave jet setter, fluent

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<v Speaker 1>in many languages, lots of charm, maybe like a James

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<v Speaker 1>Bond type. The Prime Ministers talked to Moscow.

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<v Speaker 5>They're saying it was an accident during a routine training exercise.

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<v Speaker 6>Governments change the lies, except he wouldn't be reporting to

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<v Speaker 6>MI I six or Dame Judy Dench rather the KGB.

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<v Speaker 1>He's flying home from Miami he's just been to sunny Florida,

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<v Speaker 1>maybe hanging out on the beach, which gets us to

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<v Speaker 1>the bridge. If the verse is setting up a joke,

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<v Speaker 1>the punchline is the bridge when our protagonist starts listing

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<v Speaker 1>the territories of the former Soviet unions bed.

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<v Speaker 3>Wesbian.

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<v Speaker 1>The harmonies of the Bridge were inspired by the Beach Boys.

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<v Speaker 1>In fact, when the Beatles went to India in nineteen

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<v Speaker 1>sixty it to meditate Mike love Off the Beach Boys

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<v Speaker 1>was there too. He is even claimed in several interviews

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<v Speaker 1>that he gave McCartney the idea for that part of

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<v Speaker 1>the song where the Beach Boys fit into this.

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<v Speaker 5>Well, there were big influences run about the time. So

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<v Speaker 5>this as I'm doing a parody of Chuck.

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<v Speaker 3>And I'm doing it.

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<v Speaker 5>I'm doing it American, but it's it's a Russian guy

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<v Speaker 5>having all the sentiments. So I'm using stuff from the

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<v Speaker 5>Beach Boys for the parody. So when I'm going Ukraine,

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<v Speaker 5>girls really knocked me out, I'm thinking, California, you girls

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<v Speaker 5>will knock me out. West beyonds make me saying shall

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<v Speaker 5>I think I was very lucky, as I say, when

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<v Speaker 5>I hit this little humorous vein. It seemed to just

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<v Speaker 5>sort of flow. So I hear, I know what I'm

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<v Speaker 5>doing now, I'm it's in the middle. So now I'm

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<v Speaker 5>going to go into detail about the countries and the territories.

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<v Speaker 5>So we got Ukraine, and we've got and we got Georgia. Well,

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<v Speaker 5>if I say Georgia, I think of the old American

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<v Speaker 5>song Georgia on my mind, which I would be thinking

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<v Speaker 5>of the Ray Charles Georgia on my.

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<v Speaker 3>Mind, George Georgia, the.

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<v Speaker 1>Ray Charles Homestead of Georgia is suddenly transformed into the

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<v Speaker 1>Soviet satellite nation of Georgia. And now the joke is complete,

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<v Speaker 1>leaving behind the sun and fun of Miami and old

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<v Speaker 1>sweet Georgia. We break through the wall, eager to get

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<v Speaker 1>back into the USSR on board r B Oac Jet.

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<v Speaker 1>I don't think I ever understood at the time that

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<v Speaker 1>Boac was in the first line.

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<v Speaker 3>I'm not sure if I ever I understood what it was. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 3>that horrifying you. No, not at all.

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<v Speaker 5>I mean, I'm still finding things in these lyrics, but

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<v Speaker 5>I do sometimes think, I mean, particularly about this one,

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<v Speaker 5>how amazingly ancient all the ideas are. Now there isn't

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<v Speaker 5>a USSR anymore.

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<v Speaker 3>There isn't a.

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<v Speaker 5>BOAC, and I often wonder, like you didn't get it.

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<v Speaker 5>I don't think the kids get it. I'm not sure

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<v Speaker 5>they know what USSR was. It's just it's a rock

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<v Speaker 5>and song. But I mean, obviously the joke is that

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<v Speaker 5>Identic split.

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<v Speaker 3>It up back in the US. Back in the US,

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<v Speaker 3>back in the USSR had well beyond.

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<v Speaker 1>While the song has an upbeat, rock and roll energy,

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<v Speaker 1>the subtext of the lyrics is certainly more bittersweet. The

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<v Speaker 1>Soviet Union at the time was a totalitarian state with

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<v Speaker 1>strong censorship in place.

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<v Speaker 5>You know, it was always gray. So I mean, when

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<v Speaker 5>I'm writing this song, it's very much tongue in cheek.

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<v Speaker 5>I'm not really thinking there's anything for this guy to

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<v Speaker 5>go back to. I mean, I remember when we first

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<v Speaker 5>went to Berlin and to look over the.

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<v Speaker 2>Wall, aware of their special responsibilities on this trouble spot

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<v Speaker 2>between the free and communist worlds. American soldiers of the

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<v Speaker 2>Berlin garrison are combat ready and alert.

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<v Speaker 5>To me, I just knew there was like a vast

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<v Speaker 5>gray expense that was beyond this wall, and that we

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<v Speaker 5>were all in.

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<v Speaker 2>Technical people in Eastern Germany continue to risk their lives

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<v Speaker 2>to escape to the free world.

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<v Speaker 5>Everyone in Russia who goes back to the Beatles period

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<v Speaker 5>remembers having to smuggle records or it was all very

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<v Speaker 5>you know, little rooms where you could play and you

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<v Speaker 5>didn't want people to know. You didn't want the authorities

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<v Speaker 5>to know that you were listening to this forbidden group,

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<v Speaker 5>which really we loved the idea of that that we

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<v Speaker 5>were getting smuggled along with Levi Jeans. This was like

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<v Speaker 5>true cultural arrival.

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<v Speaker 1>A little over a decade after the fall of the

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<v Speaker 1>Soviet Union, McCartney really did arrive when he was invited

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<v Speaker 1>to give a concert on Red Square in Moscow, and

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<v Speaker 1>when he played back in the usas r he felt

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<v Speaker 1>the whole crowd rise and join in the song. During

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<v Speaker 1>his time in Russia, this was two thousand and three,

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<v Speaker 1>McCartney got to meet a young Vladimir Puttin, then serving

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<v Speaker 1>his first term as president. There's actually a new clip

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<v Speaker 1>of the occasion and you see Puttin and McCartney sitting

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<v Speaker 1>across from each other like two statesmen, and then Paul

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<v Speaker 1>McCartney pops the question.

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<v Speaker 3>You were growing up, did you listen to the Beatles? No,

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<v Speaker 3>he's missing.

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<v Speaker 7>Yes, it was extremely popular it was like a velp

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<v Speaker 7>of freedom. Your music was like an open window to

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<v Speaker 7>the world.

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<v Speaker 3>It was it was bound by the authority.

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<v Speaker 7>Sure it was considered that this time a propaganda of

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<v Speaker 7>some alien ideology.

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<v Speaker 1>It would have seemed unimaginable then that twenty years later

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<v Speaker 1>the same man would order Russian troops to invade Ukraine,

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<v Speaker 1>an act of war unparalleled in Europe since the end

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<v Speaker 1>of the Second World War, cracking down on any protest,

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<v Speaker 1>arresting journalists, assassinating political enemies, jailing young women for singing

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<v Speaker 1>in churches, once again closing the window to the outside world.

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<v Speaker 1>My conversation with Paul McCartney took place before the current

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<v Speaker 1>war in Ukraine, but during our time together we often

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<v Speaker 1>spoke about the subversive nature of art and how throughout

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<v Speaker 1>history music has served as a beacon of freedom.

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<v Speaker 3>Art is dangerous to some people.

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<v Speaker 5>We always thought that we were on the right side,

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<v Speaker 5>that if we were dangerous, we were dangerous to the

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<v Speaker 5>Russian authorities.

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<v Speaker 3>And to us that said, they're not that good.

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<v Speaker 5>It's sort of that was how we felt, and I

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<v Speaker 5>think it was true to a large extent that they

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<v Speaker 5>were trying to suppress this Western influence.

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<v Speaker 3>And it goes on.

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<v Speaker 5>You know, I know there was a perioden you thought, oh,

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<v Speaker 5>it's all clear enough, but it's actually suppression is back

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<v Speaker 5>big time.

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<v Speaker 3>You know. It's sort of many countries now and.

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<v Speaker 5>It's sort of been given a free pass, and everyone's

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<v Speaker 5>kind of stimied and sort of saying, no, please, don't

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<v Speaker 5>do that. But I mean, God knows what the politics

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<v Speaker 5>and the realities are behind it for any rate. So

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<v Speaker 5>for me, it's kind of nice to just escape into

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<v Speaker 5>a song like this.

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<v Speaker 6>Bluey by Miami beat us.

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<v Speaker 3>To bed last night.

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<v Speaker 5>On a way of Paper, Beatles on my kneed man,

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<v Speaker 5>I had a tapley.

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<v Speaker 3>I'm gonna.

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<v Speaker 4>Don't you.

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<v Speaker 6>Back in the.

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<v Speaker 4>Uss A.

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<v Speaker 6>Been away on Holy neon.

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<v Speaker 3>Of Gee, it's good to be back home.

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<v Speaker 6>He even do Moto doing back by.

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<v Speaker 1>Case back in the US s R from the nineteen

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<v Speaker 1>sixty eight record titled The Beatles, also known as the

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<v Speaker 1>White Album. In the next episode, Paul McCartney tells us

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<v Speaker 1>about how his late mother visited him in a dream

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<v Speaker 1>and gave him some words of wisdom.

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<v Speaker 3>Seeing beautiful kind face was very confident. I immediately felt

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<v Speaker 3>at ease and.

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<v Speaker 1>Loved one of the Beatles' last hits, Let It Be

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<v Speaker 1>is an answer to the band's inner turmoil and to

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<v Speaker 1>Hamlet's age old question to be or not to be?

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<v Speaker 1>McCartney A Life in Lyrics is a co production between

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<v Speaker 1>iHeartMedia NPL and Pushkin Industries