1 00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:08,399 Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the short stuff. I'm Josh, there's chuck. Uh, 2 00:00:08,400 --> 00:00:14,360 Speaker 1: this is short stuff. Uh. Let's go, hey ho, let's 3 00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:23,600 Speaker 1: go with the Habsburgs. Habs God Jake two Habsburg jaw. Yeah, 4 00:00:23,640 --> 00:00:27,040 Speaker 1: the habsburgs. Oh Man had set it out loud until 5 00:00:27,120 --> 00:00:32,519 Speaker 1: just now we're in the Habsburg's jaw. I think the tendencies. 6 00:00:32,560 --> 00:00:34,680 Speaker 1: I want to say Habsburg with a P, but it's 7 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:38,640 Speaker 1: Habsburg with a B. Although in America we've added the 8 00:00:38,720 --> 00:00:42,479 Speaker 1: P and it's just so prevalent now and we're America. 9 00:00:43,000 --> 00:00:45,479 Speaker 1: That's what it is now. It's Habsburg, Yeah with a 10 00:00:45,600 --> 00:00:48,919 Speaker 1: B is in Boy, would you look at that jaw? Right? 11 00:00:49,479 --> 00:00:51,760 Speaker 1: This is not to be confused. The Habsburg jaw is 12 00:00:51,760 --> 00:00:54,920 Speaker 1: not to be confused with the Hellsburg jaw, which is 13 00:00:54,920 --> 00:00:58,440 Speaker 1: what happens when you walk into a Hellsburg diamond store. 14 00:00:58,840 --> 00:01:01,840 Speaker 1: Your jaw hits the floor are because the prices are 15 00:01:01,960 --> 00:01:08,040 Speaker 1: so reasonable on really great jewelry. Oh man, if you 16 00:01:08,080 --> 00:01:10,720 Speaker 1: don't get a kick back on that, I just see 17 00:01:10,720 --> 00:01:13,959 Speaker 1: you next time. And you've got the big love hate 18 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:17,440 Speaker 1: diamond rings like radio from do the Right Thing I 19 00:01:17,480 --> 00:01:21,880 Speaker 1: want I love hey diamond grill sweet. I wonder how 20 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:26,520 Speaker 1: they'd sound podcasting probably not great. Well, Hellsburg Diamonds, let's 21 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:29,440 Speaker 1: figure it out, you know. Alright, So who we're talking 22 00:01:29,480 --> 00:01:33,160 Speaker 1: about are the Habsburgs, and they were a big ruling 23 00:01:33,240 --> 00:01:36,200 Speaker 1: family in uh well, kind of all over the place 24 00:01:36,200 --> 00:01:39,920 Speaker 1: in Europe. At the peak of their fame, I guess, 25 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:48,680 Speaker 1: or the peak at their rule, they had Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, Bohemia, Slovakia, Croatia, 26 00:01:48,840 --> 00:01:51,880 Speaker 1: and a little bit of Italy, Romania and Poland all 27 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:56,080 Speaker 1: under their purview, like not just their purview, under their thumb, 28 00:01:56,120 --> 00:01:59,480 Speaker 1: in their iron grip of this dynastic family that ruled 29 00:01:59,520 --> 00:02:02,600 Speaker 1: these area is for hundreds of years. Yeah, I mean 30 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:05,480 Speaker 1: up until nineteen eighteen. It took the First World War 31 00:02:06,040 --> 00:02:11,160 Speaker 1: to break up the Habsburg dynasty. Yeah, that's a long time, 32 00:02:11,400 --> 00:02:14,080 Speaker 1: it really is, because they originally came to power, Chuck, 33 00:02:14,120 --> 00:02:18,600 Speaker 1: and I think the thirteenth century in in Germany, when 34 00:02:18,639 --> 00:02:22,639 Speaker 1: a guy named Rudolph the First became the Roman German 35 00:02:22,760 --> 00:02:27,080 Speaker 1: king um, which is, you know, nothing to sneeze at 36 00:02:27,120 --> 00:02:31,080 Speaker 1: for sure, But apparently he had a rival, uh in 37 00:02:31,200 --> 00:02:35,960 Speaker 1: nearby Austria, in the form of Auto car ill prem 38 00:02:36,280 --> 00:02:42,200 Speaker 1: premise il premise. I'm going with Premisel Yeah, it feels 39 00:02:42,240 --> 00:02:44,920 Speaker 1: like there should be another vowel in there, but there's not. 40 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:47,560 Speaker 1: So that why is doing like double or triple duty 41 00:02:47,680 --> 00:02:50,160 Speaker 1: right there? But it's working well. Anyway, we're gonna call 42 00:02:50,240 --> 00:02:52,480 Speaker 1: him Auto Car. Auto Car said, you know what, I 43 00:02:52,480 --> 00:02:55,120 Speaker 1: don't really recognize you as the Roman German king, so 44 00:02:55,160 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: we're going to be rivals, which really doesn't matter in 45 00:02:59,120 --> 00:03:02,840 Speaker 1: this story, yawn. The fact that it drew Rudolph the 46 00:03:02,880 --> 00:03:07,040 Speaker 1: first attention to Austria, and so when Auto Car was killed, 47 00:03:07,400 --> 00:03:09,600 Speaker 1: he kind of moved in and set up shop and 48 00:03:09,600 --> 00:03:13,080 Speaker 1: basically took over Austria. Yeah, and so that's where they 49 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:17,240 Speaker 1: got their start, and then for the next century, basically 50 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:24,880 Speaker 1: they really did a lot of conquesting, conquering, and they 51 00:03:24,960 --> 00:03:27,400 Speaker 1: took over they don't want to say something dubb in 52 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:32,000 Speaker 1: front of it's great, it's charming. Uh. They took over 53 00:03:32,120 --> 00:03:35,720 Speaker 1: to the Troll, which is the place in the Alps 54 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:40,720 Speaker 1: that Austria Northern Italy shared in the thirteen mid hundreds. Yeah, 55 00:03:40,800 --> 00:03:44,320 Speaker 1: and and also Chuck where Ootsi lived and died thousands 56 00:03:44,320 --> 00:03:49,360 Speaker 1: of years heyroleon. And by the time the fifteen hundreds 57 00:03:49,400 --> 00:03:53,680 Speaker 1: rolled around is when they were really rolling. The Emperor 58 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:57,440 Speaker 1: Maximilian or I guess future Emperor married Charles the Bold's 59 00:03:57,560 --> 00:04:00,640 Speaker 1: daughter Mary, and then all of a sudden they had 60 00:04:00,640 --> 00:04:04,200 Speaker 1: control of Burgundy and also a little catch at Yeah, 61 00:04:04,600 --> 00:04:07,280 Speaker 1: from what I understand, like that was that was an 62 00:04:07,400 --> 00:04:10,440 Speaker 1: enormous move. So they were making all sorts of moves, right, 63 00:04:10,440 --> 00:04:16,479 Speaker 1: They were making moves, gaining and consolidating power through conquering um, 64 00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:20,960 Speaker 1: through marrying um. Well just basically those two things. But 65 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:24,479 Speaker 1: it was working for him big time. I bet there 66 00:04:24,520 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 1: was one more thing. Um, let's see, how would you 67 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:29,599 Speaker 1: do that? You would conquer things, you would marry people, 68 00:04:29,960 --> 00:04:33,880 Speaker 1: and then you would send like be known for sending 69 00:04:33,920 --> 00:04:37,359 Speaker 1: really great thank you notes as follow ups. Sure that 70 00:04:37,400 --> 00:04:41,240 Speaker 1: could that could definitely win you some friends. Yeah, okay, 71 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:44,920 Speaker 1: that's what the third thing was. So here's the deal 72 00:04:44,960 --> 00:04:47,320 Speaker 1: with this jaw because you saw the title of the 73 00:04:47,360 --> 00:04:49,440 Speaker 1: episode and you've heard her say that a couple of times, 74 00:04:50,240 --> 00:04:54,880 Speaker 1: is they had a They had jaws that would make 75 00:04:54,960 --> 00:04:59,160 Speaker 1: Jay Leno blush if you looked up some of these folks, 76 00:04:59,320 --> 00:05:06,000 Speaker 1: Joseph the Charles, one of Spain, uh, Charles Second, Leopold Wilhelm, 77 00:05:06,040 --> 00:05:10,600 Speaker 1: they had this very very prominent lower jaw and basically 78 00:05:11,320 --> 00:05:13,479 Speaker 1: people got together and study this over the years and 79 00:05:13,480 --> 00:05:15,560 Speaker 1: we'll get a little bit more into why this happens. 80 00:05:16,200 --> 00:05:18,400 Speaker 1: And they said, we're just gonna go ahead and name 81 00:05:18,440 --> 00:05:21,360 Speaker 1: this the Habsburg jaw because it's so prevalent in this 82 00:05:21,440 --> 00:05:25,359 Speaker 1: family line. And they did. That's why everybody calls it 83 00:05:25,400 --> 00:05:27,960 Speaker 1: the Habsburg jaw. And if you have never seen it before, 84 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:31,720 Speaker 1: you probably haven't didn't really realize it. But if you haven't, 85 00:05:31,920 --> 00:05:35,840 Speaker 1: either way, just go look up Habsburg jaw h A 86 00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:40,200 Speaker 1: B S b U R G jaw and it will 87 00:05:40,240 --> 00:05:45,120 Speaker 1: bring up some old timey um Middle Ages Renaissance era 88 00:05:45,680 --> 00:05:48,920 Speaker 1: oil paintings and you will see quite clearly what people 89 00:05:48,960 --> 00:05:51,359 Speaker 1: are talking about when they say the Habsburg jaw. So 90 00:05:51,400 --> 00:05:54,200 Speaker 1: if you haven't seen it before, um, it's just a 91 00:05:54,320 --> 00:05:57,480 Speaker 1: very prominent lower jaw and there's an underbyte and it's 92 00:05:57,520 --> 00:06:00,560 Speaker 1: just it's very distinctive. Yeah, And if you don't, if 93 00:06:00,600 --> 00:06:02,640 Speaker 1: you're if you're driving or something right now and you 94 00:06:02,680 --> 00:06:05,960 Speaker 1: can't look it up. You know, like the cartoonish characters 95 00:06:06,040 --> 00:06:09,000 Speaker 1: of like the Blue Blood who are like, oh, that's 96 00:06:09,040 --> 00:06:14,000 Speaker 1: astonding that that face that the cartoon makes is they're 97 00:06:14,120 --> 00:06:17,599 Speaker 1: they're drawn with the Habsburg jaw. They're actually making fun 98 00:06:17,640 --> 00:06:20,040 Speaker 1: of aristocrats as well. We'll see you in a minute. 99 00:06:20,360 --> 00:06:22,240 Speaker 1: And here's the thing. We don't want to make fun 100 00:06:22,240 --> 00:06:24,480 Speaker 1: of anyone that has something like this, but we were 101 00:06:24,520 --> 00:06:27,000 Speaker 1: just trying to figure out a good way to describe it. 102 00:06:27,000 --> 00:06:31,080 Speaker 1: It's a prominent lower jaw such that there's even an underbyte. Yeah. 103 00:06:31,120 --> 00:06:33,640 Speaker 1: So so well, let's take a break real quick and 104 00:06:33,640 --> 00:07:05,240 Speaker 1: we'll come back and talk about it a little bit more. Okay, Yes, 105 00:07:07,240 --> 00:07:09,720 Speaker 1: all right, Chuck. So we're back, um, and we were 106 00:07:09,760 --> 00:07:13,640 Speaker 1: talking kind of describing the Habsburg jaw. There's actually a 107 00:07:13,680 --> 00:07:16,160 Speaker 1: medical term for it, because the Habsburgs aren't the only 108 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:18,480 Speaker 1: ones who have this jaw, um, and you can have 109 00:07:18,560 --> 00:07:22,880 Speaker 1: it to varying degrees. But technically it's called mandibular prognathism. 110 00:07:23,760 --> 00:07:27,880 Speaker 1: And that is where the lower jaw juts really far forward, 111 00:07:27,920 --> 00:07:31,000 Speaker 1: so that you have what what you would colloquially colloquially 112 00:07:31,080 --> 00:07:35,320 Speaker 1: call it an underbike, right, But the with the Habsburg 113 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:39,480 Speaker 1: jaw in particular, it's to such a degree that the 114 00:07:39,520 --> 00:07:43,560 Speaker 1: teeth no longer even line up. It's just really sticking 115 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:47,640 Speaker 1: out there. That's mandibular prognathism. And then what they also 116 00:07:47,680 --> 00:07:49,880 Speaker 1: figured out is that the Habsburg also had something called 117 00:07:49,880 --> 00:07:54,400 Speaker 1: mandibular deficiency to right, Yeah, and that can affect your 118 00:07:54,400 --> 00:07:58,320 Speaker 1: ability to eat, your ability to speak. Um. And you know, 119 00:07:58,320 --> 00:08:00,600 Speaker 1: I don't have anything to this, agree, but you know 120 00:08:00,920 --> 00:08:03,000 Speaker 1: you remember from brook Sisum, I've got a sort of 121 00:08:03,040 --> 00:08:05,080 Speaker 1: an even by it, and my lower jaw sticks out 122 00:08:05,080 --> 00:08:08,800 Speaker 1: a little bit. I'm not I'm not Habsburgian, no, but 123 00:08:08,840 --> 00:08:12,480 Speaker 1: I feel their pain with the Habsburg jaw in particular. 124 00:08:12,520 --> 00:08:15,320 Speaker 1: It's it's pronounced enough to degree that like the muscular 125 00:08:15,400 --> 00:08:19,440 Speaker 1: skeletal composition is um. It's it's different. It's it's just 126 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:24,800 Speaker 1: a very prominent um. Look like you said, so um. 127 00:08:24,840 --> 00:08:27,880 Speaker 1: What they figured out was that because of this, and 128 00:08:27,960 --> 00:08:32,040 Speaker 1: based on some documentary evidence too, that some Habsburgs at 129 00:08:32,120 --> 00:08:35,560 Speaker 1: least um. I believe Charles the second, the ruler of Spain, 130 00:08:36,120 --> 00:08:39,080 Speaker 1: there's a contemporary account of him from the eighteenth century 131 00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:44,000 Speaker 1: UM that basically said, like his jaw was so out 132 00:08:44,040 --> 00:08:46,080 Speaker 1: of line and his teeth were so out of line. 133 00:08:46,400 --> 00:08:49,320 Speaker 1: Because of this jaw, he couldn't chew. He had to 134 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:52,800 Speaker 1: swallow his food whole. Can we just read this? It's 135 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:56,120 Speaker 1: so yeah. This is from Spain under Charles the Second 136 00:08:56,120 --> 00:09:00,920 Speaker 1: by Alexander stan Hope. That's Doug Stain, Hope's grandfather. Wait, 137 00:09:00,960 --> 00:09:05,320 Speaker 1: he's Dug Stain up, the stand up comedian. Oh, that's right. Um. 138 00:09:05,360 --> 00:09:08,080 Speaker 1: And he was speaking about Charles the Second. He has 139 00:09:08,120 --> 00:09:10,920 Speaker 1: a ravenous stomach and swallows all he eats whole, for 140 00:09:11,040 --> 00:09:14,680 Speaker 1: his nether jaw stands so much out that his two 141 00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:17,520 Speaker 1: rows of teeth cannot meet to compensate, which he has 142 00:09:17,559 --> 00:09:20,600 Speaker 1: a prodigious wide throat, so that a gizzard or liver 143 00:09:20,679 --> 00:09:23,559 Speaker 1: of a hen passes down whole in his weak stomach, 144 00:09:23,760 --> 00:09:26,640 Speaker 1: not being able to digest it, he voids in the 145 00:09:26,679 --> 00:09:31,160 Speaker 1: same manner. So he's just pooping out whole chicken, gizzards, 146 00:09:31,280 --> 00:09:35,240 Speaker 1: gizzard and gizzard out. Yeah, that's what that's the old 147 00:09:35,480 --> 00:09:38,960 Speaker 1: the old statement. So, Um, when people started talking about 148 00:09:38,960 --> 00:09:42,640 Speaker 1: the Habsburg jaw like like, it's because they figured out 149 00:09:42,880 --> 00:09:45,120 Speaker 1: over time, like this is a real thing and it 150 00:09:45,160 --> 00:09:48,800 Speaker 1: was very distinct for this family. Um. And it became 151 00:09:48,840 --> 00:09:52,160 Speaker 1: a thing years ago, centuries ago, people were aware of 152 00:09:52,160 --> 00:09:55,800 Speaker 1: the Habsburg jaw and and and and just remarked on it. 153 00:09:56,120 --> 00:09:59,240 Speaker 1: But it wasn't until I believe that the one century 154 00:09:59,280 --> 00:10:04,720 Speaker 1: that people started doing studies on it as best they could. Um. 155 00:10:04,760 --> 00:10:06,320 Speaker 1: I guess you could say they're kind of made up 156 00:10:06,400 --> 00:10:10,880 Speaker 1: studies and that there was no actual genetic um testing 157 00:10:10,880 --> 00:10:13,280 Speaker 1: to figure out what what you know, accounted for the 158 00:10:13,280 --> 00:10:15,760 Speaker 1: Habsburg jaw. But they were doing the best they could 159 00:10:15,800 --> 00:10:20,480 Speaker 1: based on portraiture of of prominent Habsburgs um and came 160 00:10:20,520 --> 00:10:25,160 Speaker 1: up with some pretty interesting stuff. Well yeah, I mean that. Uh, 161 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:26,960 Speaker 1: I mean, do we need a drum roll here to 162 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:29,520 Speaker 1: say what's actually going on? If you haven't figured it 163 00:10:29,520 --> 00:10:32,719 Speaker 1: out by now, then sure we'll give you a drum roll, Dave, 164 00:10:32,760 --> 00:10:36,360 Speaker 1: when you put a drum roll and put alrighty. The 165 00:10:36,480 --> 00:10:39,800 Speaker 1: Habsburgs like to keep it in the family. And when 166 00:10:39,800 --> 00:10:42,040 Speaker 1: we say keep it in the family, we mean really 167 00:10:42,120 --> 00:10:45,760 Speaker 1: keep it in the family. This jaw was a result uh, 168 00:10:45,800 --> 00:10:49,199 Speaker 1: pretty obviously of in breeding, yes, which is not to 169 00:10:49,240 --> 00:10:52,840 Speaker 1: say that anybody who has mandibular prognathism today uh is 170 00:10:52,880 --> 00:10:54,959 Speaker 1: the result of in breeding, of course not. Yeah, I 171 00:10:54,960 --> 00:10:58,199 Speaker 1: mean it's a recessive trade. And um, you know, when 172 00:10:58,240 --> 00:11:01,840 Speaker 1: people that aren't in the same family get together, you 173 00:11:01,840 --> 00:11:05,080 Speaker 1: know you're gonna have those heterozygous genes and they're going 174 00:11:05,160 --> 00:11:07,240 Speaker 1: to carry different traits and that's all how it's supposed 175 00:11:07,280 --> 00:11:11,520 Speaker 1: to work. But if you are in the same family. Um, 176 00:11:11,559 --> 00:11:15,959 Speaker 1: that may not be the case. If you have homozygouss 177 00:11:16,120 --> 00:11:19,920 Speaker 1: and get together with a family member and make another 178 00:11:19,960 --> 00:11:24,240 Speaker 1: family member, they're going to have those same traits right, right, 179 00:11:24,320 --> 00:11:27,400 Speaker 1: because the chromosomes are going to be so similar that 180 00:11:27,480 --> 00:11:31,840 Speaker 1: the chances of both parents having the recessive gene and 181 00:11:31,960 --> 00:11:36,240 Speaker 1: donating that to the kid really increases the likelihood of 182 00:11:36,280 --> 00:11:39,440 Speaker 1: that kid having that recessive trait. There's a guy that's 183 00:11:39,480 --> 00:11:44,760 Speaker 1: quoted in this article. Um, he's a geneticist named. This 184 00:11:44,800 --> 00:11:49,839 Speaker 1: guy's name is Great Montgomery Slatkin's great he. Um. He 185 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:54,079 Speaker 1: says that if you are a child of inbreeding, you 186 00:11:54,440 --> 00:11:57,600 Speaker 1: have your chances are hundreds of thousands of times greater 187 00:11:57,720 --> 00:12:01,240 Speaker 1: of receiving these recessive traits then of um children of 188 00:12:01,360 --> 00:12:05,360 Speaker 1: parents who aren't related in any way. That's right. So 189 00:12:05,760 --> 00:12:09,160 Speaker 1: that was it. The Habsburgs. They wanted to consolidate power 190 00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:12,080 Speaker 1: so much so that they just said, you're marrying your sister, 191 00:12:12,200 --> 00:12:14,959 Speaker 1: whether you like it or not, and that the sun 192 00:12:15,040 --> 00:12:20,720 Speaker 1: would say, but jan And that's it for short stuff Everybody. 193 00:12:24,000 --> 00:12:26,280 Speaker 1: Stuff you should Know is a production of iHeart Radios 194 00:12:26,280 --> 00:12:29,000 Speaker 1: How Stuff Works. For more podcasts For My Heart Radio, 195 00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:31,920 Speaker 1: visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you 196 00:12:31,960 --> 00:12:33,160 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows.