1 00:00:07,120 --> 00:00:09,440 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to Savor. I'm Anny Rees and I'm 2 00:00:09,480 --> 00:00:14,360 Speaker 1: Lauren Vogelbaum, and today we're talking about oranges. Orange you glad, 3 00:00:17,400 --> 00:00:20,640 Speaker 1: And I wanted to start with a tale of disappointment. 4 00:00:20,880 --> 00:00:25,480 Speaker 1: Orange disappointment. Yes, uh, when I was a kid, and 5 00:00:25,520 --> 00:00:30,160 Speaker 1: I would I was happily running down the stairs getting 6 00:00:30,160 --> 00:00:33,519 Speaker 1: to my stocking on Christmas Day only to find it 7 00:00:33,560 --> 00:00:36,640 Speaker 1: was full of oranges, full of like nothing but oranges, 8 00:00:36,840 --> 00:00:39,880 Speaker 1: like a stack of oranges. Oranges. Huh. And I wasn't 9 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:45,400 Speaker 1: into oranges at the time. I've come around, okay, Like 10 00:00:45,520 --> 00:00:49,040 Speaker 1: I had an orange at the bottom of my stocking 11 00:00:49,600 --> 00:00:52,000 Speaker 1: when I was a child, and I was super delighted 12 00:00:52,000 --> 00:00:54,319 Speaker 1: about that. A because I did like oranges very much, 13 00:00:54,440 --> 00:00:55,720 Speaker 1: and be because I think I had read a lot 14 00:00:55,720 --> 00:00:59,800 Speaker 1: of Laura Ingles Wilder and I remember that being like 15 00:01:00,080 --> 00:01:02,520 Speaker 1: of their gifts and one of the books when they 16 00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:04,400 Speaker 1: were kids, and then being super excited about so it 17 00:01:04,480 --> 00:01:06,240 Speaker 1: was like, well, Lord Engle's wild or thinks it's cool, 18 00:01:06,280 --> 00:01:10,959 Speaker 1: Then I think it's cool. I'm on board. Then yeah, Um, 19 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:13,280 Speaker 1: at the time I didn't realize how racist all that was. 20 00:01:13,319 --> 00:01:16,800 Speaker 1: It was fine, um, but yeah, yeah, not the oranges part, 21 00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:21,440 Speaker 1: but anyway, Yes, I've I've always very much liked oranges. 22 00:01:21,680 --> 00:01:25,120 Speaker 1: Growing up in Florida, I wound up having a lot 23 00:01:25,200 --> 00:01:27,720 Speaker 1: of friends who had like citrus trees in their yards 24 00:01:27,760 --> 00:01:29,720 Speaker 1: and stuff like that, so I got a lot of 25 00:01:29,720 --> 00:01:32,520 Speaker 1: really good fresh oranges. See, I bet I would have 26 00:01:32,640 --> 00:01:36,039 Speaker 1: liked that. Um they were when I was growing up. 27 00:01:36,080 --> 00:01:38,160 Speaker 1: They were definitely at the lower end of my fruit preference. 28 00:01:38,360 --> 00:01:40,160 Speaker 1: I said when I was describing ambrosia, it was my 29 00:01:40,240 --> 00:01:44,240 Speaker 1: least favorite fruit in the ambrosia. But on my birthday, 30 00:01:44,280 --> 00:01:48,960 Speaker 1: my mom used to make fresh squeezed orange strawberry juice 31 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:52,120 Speaker 1: and it was the best thing ever. The orange juice 32 00:01:52,120 --> 00:01:54,840 Speaker 1: from the store is not even like, I can't put 33 00:01:54,880 --> 00:01:58,280 Speaker 1: it in the same category. It was so much better. Yeah, 34 00:01:58,440 --> 00:02:01,600 Speaker 1: it's beautiful and bright eights. And she used to tell 35 00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:03,920 Speaker 1: me you had to drink it fresh or all the 36 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:07,800 Speaker 1: nutrients would like evaporate out, which I'm sure is not true. 37 00:02:08,200 --> 00:02:11,040 Speaker 1: I was very happy to do it. I'm actually thinking 38 00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:13,600 Speaker 1: if I can, because she had like this old timey 39 00:02:13,680 --> 00:02:15,480 Speaker 1: juicer that she would make it with, and I'm going 40 00:02:15,520 --> 00:02:17,320 Speaker 1: to see if she still has it, because as we 41 00:02:17,360 --> 00:02:20,959 Speaker 1: record this, it's almost Christmas time, and maybe we can 42 00:02:21,520 --> 00:02:23,160 Speaker 1: I haven't had it since that probably I was like 43 00:02:23,200 --> 00:02:27,760 Speaker 1: twelve or something. Fresh orange juice is completely worthwhile. It 44 00:02:27,919 --> 00:02:30,240 Speaker 1: is so good. I don't think I can stress how 45 00:02:30,280 --> 00:02:34,080 Speaker 1: much better it is. Yeah. Uh yeah. My father, for 46 00:02:34,320 --> 00:02:37,240 Speaker 1: his until the end of his life, would send as 47 00:02:37,240 --> 00:02:39,480 Speaker 1: a gift to all of our family members honey bell 48 00:02:39,520 --> 00:02:42,560 Speaker 1: oranges a box of honey bells, which are a particular 49 00:02:42,800 --> 00:02:45,400 Speaker 1: variety of orange that grows in some parts of Florida. 50 00:02:45,639 --> 00:02:49,480 Speaker 1: It's extra juicy, it's extra sweet. And I have no 51 00:02:49,600 --> 00:02:52,720 Speaker 1: idea what my family did with all of those boxes 52 00:02:53,280 --> 00:02:58,720 Speaker 1: of oranges or whether they liked them, right, But I 53 00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:00,880 Speaker 1: think they liked them. But I yeah, I like I 54 00:03:01,639 --> 00:03:05,160 Speaker 1: like that he did it. H yeah, yes, I like 55 00:03:05,240 --> 00:03:07,959 Speaker 1: that he did it too. All right. All of this 56 00:03:08,040 --> 00:03:17,160 Speaker 1: brings us to our question, Yes, oranges, what are they? Yeah? Um, so, 57 00:03:17,520 --> 00:03:21,119 Speaker 1: what we commonly call oranges are botanically specified as being 58 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:25,079 Speaker 1: sweet oranges, and yes, there are bitter or sour oranges too, 59 00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:29,040 Speaker 1: that's a separate episode. Sweet oranges come from these species 60 00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:32,799 Speaker 1: Citrus senensis. Tangerines are separate species, by the way, and 61 00:03:32,880 --> 00:03:37,360 Speaker 1: botanically speaking, oranges are berries. They grow from fragrant white flowers. 62 00:03:37,640 --> 00:03:40,520 Speaker 1: You can find the remaining green base of the flower. 63 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:43,160 Speaker 1: The sepals at the top of the fruit. It's that 64 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:45,680 Speaker 1: we green woody bit. Yeah, that was the base of 65 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:50,800 Speaker 1: the flower. Oh. Um. The flowers grow on trees that 66 00:03:50,880 --> 00:03:53,240 Speaker 1: can reach over thirty feet in height that's over nine 67 00:03:53,280 --> 00:03:57,160 Speaker 1: meters and can live for a century or more. The 68 00:03:57,240 --> 00:03:59,880 Speaker 1: leaves are dark green, shiny on top, a little bit leather, 69 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:04,480 Speaker 1: and when you get down to it, oranges are balls 70 00:04:04,520 --> 00:04:09,280 Speaker 1: of juice sex contained within a relatively tough peel. The 71 00:04:09,360 --> 00:04:12,640 Speaker 1: outer part of that peel is called the flavadough, and um, 72 00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:17,320 Speaker 1: that contains highly fragrant, colorful oils. The inner part, the albadough, 73 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:21,080 Speaker 1: is spongy and protective and just bitter as all heck, 74 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:24,280 Speaker 1: which I find so fascinating. Like that. That outer part 75 00:04:24,720 --> 00:04:28,360 Speaker 1: is really crappy at protecting the fruit, but really good 76 00:04:28,360 --> 00:04:31,160 Speaker 1: at attracting seed eaters, and the inner part is so 77 00:04:31,160 --> 00:04:36,640 Speaker 1: good at protecting the seeds. It's pretty cool. So cool anyway. Um. Yeah, 78 00:04:36,640 --> 00:04:39,960 Speaker 1: the growing season for a single orange is fairly long. 79 00:04:40,040 --> 00:04:42,479 Speaker 1: I didn't know this. Um. The trees will flower in 80 00:04:42,520 --> 00:04:45,680 Speaker 1: the winter, fruit will begin developing in spring, and the 81 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:50,120 Speaker 1: resulting oranges will ripen that that faller winter, so it's 82 00:04:50,160 --> 00:04:53,040 Speaker 1: like a full year process. Yeah, that's why We'll get 83 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:54,960 Speaker 1: into this a little bit more later. But I would 84 00:04:55,000 --> 00:05:00,279 Speaker 1: imagine that's why a frost can be very damaging. Oh yeah, yeah, 85 00:05:00,440 --> 00:05:03,760 Speaker 1: Oh they're they're kind of delicate. Um. However, are away 86 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:07,280 Speaker 1: in which they are not delicate. Oranges are not picky pollinators. Um, 87 00:05:07,279 --> 00:05:10,400 Speaker 1: they will accept pollen from any citrus fruit being grown 88 00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:13,560 Speaker 1: in the area. That means that if if you saved 89 00:05:13,600 --> 00:05:15,520 Speaker 1: a seed from an orange that you liked and you 90 00:05:15,560 --> 00:05:19,520 Speaker 1: planted it, fruit from the eventually resulting tree might be 91 00:05:19,600 --> 00:05:22,960 Speaker 1: closer to a lemon, or to a lime or a grapefruit, 92 00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:26,240 Speaker 1: it might be a total mess. To get consistent crops. 93 00:05:26,320 --> 00:05:31,359 Speaker 1: Farmers graft pieces of successfully fruiting branches onto existing citrus trees. 94 00:05:32,120 --> 00:05:34,400 Speaker 1: It's like it's like if you had an arm, an 95 00:05:34,440 --> 00:05:37,479 Speaker 1: extra arm transplanted onto you, but the new arm like 96 00:05:37,520 --> 00:05:39,920 Speaker 1: nos American sign language, whereas your other arms like only 97 00:05:39,960 --> 00:05:43,680 Speaker 1: know how to do with thumbs up. What are they doing, No, 98 00:05:43,880 --> 00:05:48,480 Speaker 1: I don't know, pulling their way lazy arms. I'm mad 99 00:05:48,600 --> 00:05:52,320 Speaker 1: about this. I'm sure they can do other gestures. That 100 00:05:52,400 --> 00:05:53,880 Speaker 1: was just the most polly when I could think of 101 00:05:53,880 --> 00:05:55,400 Speaker 1: off the top of my head. When I was writing this, 102 00:05:55,680 --> 00:06:01,359 Speaker 1: I see which sidebar reminds me of one of the 103 00:06:01,400 --> 00:06:03,719 Speaker 1: first times that I worked with Dylan at this company. 104 00:06:03,920 --> 00:06:06,120 Speaker 1: He was still doing photography and we were doing an 105 00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:12,000 Speaker 1: article on on rude hand gestures around the world, and 106 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:14,880 Speaker 1: he was making little little animated gifts or gifts however 107 00:06:14,880 --> 00:06:18,839 Speaker 1: you want to say it from our co workers, like 108 00:06:18,920 --> 00:06:22,159 Speaker 1: coming into the studio. And so I spent like a 109 00:06:22,279 --> 00:06:25,680 Speaker 1: good five minutes just flipping Dylan off over and over 110 00:06:25,720 --> 00:06:28,479 Speaker 1: and over again. And he was so nice, and I 111 00:06:28,600 --> 00:06:32,400 Speaker 1: felt so bad about it. For no reason. It just 112 00:06:32,440 --> 00:06:35,520 Speaker 1: felt very rude. It can be a strange job. Sometimes 113 00:06:38,480 --> 00:06:41,040 Speaker 1: we we have we we do very strange work. It's 114 00:06:41,080 --> 00:06:47,120 Speaker 1: true anyway, Apples also work this way, this grafting way. 115 00:06:47,160 --> 00:06:49,360 Speaker 1: As you may remember from our apple Pie episode back 116 00:06:49,360 --> 00:06:54,279 Speaker 1: in June. Wow, I was alway, I was always back. 117 00:06:54,400 --> 00:06:58,920 Speaker 1: It was the English name first popped up in and 118 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:00,800 Speaker 1: if you trace it back you get to a Sanskrit 119 00:07:00,839 --> 00:07:04,240 Speaker 1: word that possibly meant fragrant. And if you're curious, the 120 00:07:04,360 --> 00:07:08,200 Speaker 1: citrus the fruit got named first as opposed to the color. 121 00:07:08,400 --> 00:07:10,400 Speaker 1: About two hundred years after that we get the the 122 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:12,680 Speaker 1: usage of orange as a color for the first time. 123 00:07:14,040 --> 00:07:15,840 Speaker 1: And there are a lot of types of oranges, a 124 00:07:15,920 --> 00:07:19,040 Speaker 1: lot of types, and I'm going to say, before we 125 00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:23,240 Speaker 1: even dive into like the history, um, a lot of 126 00:07:23,240 --> 00:07:26,280 Speaker 1: you have written in about specific orange types, which I love. 127 00:07:26,560 --> 00:07:31,120 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, like those sage orange um, probably it's then 128 00:07:31,240 --> 00:07:33,320 Speaker 1: own thing. I Yeah, I think that all of those 129 00:07:33,360 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 1: are because yeah, I couldn't even find an estimated number 130 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:39,960 Speaker 1: of known varietals, but it's at least a couple of hundred, 131 00:07:40,200 --> 00:07:45,040 Speaker 1: and like like my my dad latching onto the honeybell 132 00:07:45,160 --> 00:07:48,640 Speaker 1: is like this particular orange that people needed to try. Yeah. 133 00:07:48,680 --> 00:07:50,240 Speaker 1: I think that there's a lot of like passion and 134 00:07:50,280 --> 00:07:53,880 Speaker 1: individual stories about those individual types. So I look forward 135 00:07:53,880 --> 00:07:56,160 Speaker 1: to looking into that further some other day. Yeah, and 136 00:07:56,200 --> 00:07:58,160 Speaker 1: I would love to hear from people, as someone who 137 00:07:58,320 --> 00:08:02,120 Speaker 1: isn't well versed in in the world of orange flavors, 138 00:08:02,520 --> 00:08:06,440 Speaker 1: you've got a favorite, let us know. Oh yeah, absolutely. 139 00:08:08,520 --> 00:08:10,680 Speaker 1: The color of an orange, by the way, is not 140 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:15,040 Speaker 1: necessarily orange um, and it doesn't indicate ripeness. The color 141 00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:18,000 Speaker 1: of these fruits depends on the temperature and environment that 142 00:08:18,040 --> 00:08:20,880 Speaker 1: they're grown in. They start out green and the orangenus 143 00:08:20,880 --> 00:08:24,880 Speaker 1: develops due to brief temperature dips, which is really exciting 144 00:08:24,920 --> 00:08:27,840 Speaker 1: for farmers, not necessarily in a good way, because if 145 00:08:27,880 --> 00:08:30,559 Speaker 1: you're growing for markets that expect a bright orange color 146 00:08:30,640 --> 00:08:33,600 Speaker 1: in your oranges, if it gets too cold or chilly 147 00:08:33,679 --> 00:08:38,200 Speaker 1: for too long, it'll kill your crop. Brief dip, bright 148 00:08:38,240 --> 00:08:42,520 Speaker 1: orange color, long dip, bad times. Yeah, that sounds like 149 00:08:42,559 --> 00:08:47,600 Speaker 1: a very exciting, not in a fun way process. Yeah. 150 00:08:48,240 --> 00:08:52,040 Speaker 1: You can treat ripe but green oranges with ethylene gas, 151 00:08:52,080 --> 00:08:54,840 Speaker 1: which is a plant hormone that can trigger and regulate 152 00:08:54,880 --> 00:08:58,240 Speaker 1: various biological processes. Um and in some warm areas where 153 00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:00,760 Speaker 1: oranges grow, they're sold green and no one bats. And 154 00:09:00,840 --> 00:09:06,360 Speaker 1: I I'd like a green orange. Yeah, I did. Used 155 00:09:06,360 --> 00:09:08,120 Speaker 1: to think if they were a pale yellow they won't 156 00:09:08,120 --> 00:09:11,880 Speaker 1: be as flavorful, but I've moved away from that. Yeah, 157 00:09:11,880 --> 00:09:15,800 Speaker 1: I don't know. Aside from the fruit, folks also use 158 00:09:15,880 --> 00:09:19,720 Speaker 1: orange blossoms in perfumes and flavorings, though I think flowers 159 00:09:19,760 --> 00:09:22,720 Speaker 1: from the bitter oranges are are more common there. But yeah, 160 00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:25,840 Speaker 1: Also the colorful bit of the peel and the oils 161 00:09:25,880 --> 00:09:28,640 Speaker 1: that it contains can be used to make orange liqueurs, 162 00:09:29,040 --> 00:09:33,840 Speaker 1: teas and other products. And you can make candy orange peel. 163 00:09:34,040 --> 00:09:35,600 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, that was the thing my mom used to 164 00:09:35,600 --> 00:09:38,920 Speaker 1: do for Christmas that I loved. I do like candy 165 00:09:38,920 --> 00:09:42,800 Speaker 1: orange peel and I also have this huge bottle of 166 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:48,880 Speaker 1: orange blossom liquor something. I got it when I was 167 00:09:48,960 --> 00:09:52,040 Speaker 1: on a quest to make a good um gin fizz. 168 00:09:52,559 --> 00:09:56,480 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah. Neroli um is specifically, I think a 169 00:09:56,480 --> 00:10:00,360 Speaker 1: bitter orange blossom product and it shows up a lot. 170 00:10:00,600 --> 00:10:03,720 Speaker 1: I have a ton of it. So any cocktails ideas 171 00:10:03,840 --> 00:10:05,920 Speaker 1: to use that up, I guess they don't want to 172 00:10:05,920 --> 00:10:08,760 Speaker 1: beat cocktails, but you know, I think anything with gender 173 00:10:08,800 --> 00:10:16,120 Speaker 1: tequila would be delightful. Oh yeah, yeah, no gesture and 174 00:10:16,200 --> 00:10:19,240 Speaker 1: like maybe maybe not that maybe not that much. I've 175 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:21,439 Speaker 1: got a lot of is what I'm saying. One thing 176 00:10:21,480 --> 00:10:25,000 Speaker 1: I'm really interested in is apparently there are a lot 177 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:27,920 Speaker 1: of different ways to peel an orange that differ around 178 00:10:27,920 --> 00:10:31,600 Speaker 1: the world. So we're asking for a lot of information 179 00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:34,000 Speaker 1: from your listeners in this episode. But if you've got 180 00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:37,679 Speaker 1: a way, I always started at the root where the 181 00:10:38,000 --> 00:10:39,840 Speaker 1: flower had been. I guess where I had been pulled off, 182 00:10:39,840 --> 00:10:42,960 Speaker 1: and then I'm not good at it. So if there's 183 00:10:42,960 --> 00:10:45,240 Speaker 1: a better way, I would love to know what it is. 184 00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:47,760 Speaker 1: I like to start up there and do like a 185 00:10:47,840 --> 00:10:50,400 Speaker 1: kind of like circular thing like I like to try 186 00:10:50,480 --> 00:10:53,760 Speaker 1: to get it all off in one Okay, did you 187 00:10:53,800 --> 00:10:56,120 Speaker 1: play that game as a kid where you would if 188 00:10:56,120 --> 00:10:58,400 Speaker 1: you could do that, then you put the peel outside, 189 00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:00,800 Speaker 1: you do this apple or oranges, and then you'd wait 190 00:11:00,880 --> 00:11:03,800 Speaker 1: a little bit and whatever letter it formed was the 191 00:11:03,840 --> 00:11:08,240 Speaker 1: first letter of your life. No, I never played that game. 192 00:11:08,800 --> 00:11:15,400 Speaker 1: I never he immediately, you are missing important information. I'm 193 00:11:15,400 --> 00:11:21,000 Speaker 1: waiting for somebody whose name starched with D, so all 194 00:11:21,640 --> 00:11:27,240 Speaker 1: first names with you may apply. Oh and if you 195 00:11:27,280 --> 00:11:30,880 Speaker 1: have an orange tree in your yard or a friendly neighbor, 196 00:11:30,920 --> 00:11:33,559 Speaker 1: perhaps I did want to put in that it really 197 00:11:33,679 --> 00:11:37,120 Speaker 1: is worthwhile to bust out a ladder when you're getting 198 00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:40,040 Speaker 1: your crop down. I know that it's a pain, but 199 00:11:40,040 --> 00:11:44,200 Speaker 1: but the best, sweetest, juiciest fruit are going to be 200 00:11:44,720 --> 00:11:46,880 Speaker 1: near the top of the tree and on the southern 201 00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:51,240 Speaker 1: side in the northern hemisphere, anyway I do someone, Oh, man, 202 00:11:51,280 --> 00:11:53,559 Speaker 1: we're asking you for so much. But yeah, is it 203 00:11:53,600 --> 00:11:56,719 Speaker 1: the opposite, Because where I've always lived, they always say 204 00:11:56,720 --> 00:12:00,200 Speaker 1: that southern exposure is the best kind of light to 205 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:02,160 Speaker 1: to get plants. You get more light there than you 206 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:05,720 Speaker 1: do in northern exposure. But maybe in the southern hemisphere. 207 00:12:05,720 --> 00:12:10,480 Speaker 1: It's flipped mine blong, yeah right in about that too. 208 00:12:10,679 --> 00:12:15,560 Speaker 1: Just get your emails already started. Goodness. Nutrition wise, oranges 209 00:12:15,600 --> 00:12:18,160 Speaker 1: are high in sugar, but are otherwise good for you, 210 00:12:18,320 --> 00:12:20,840 Speaker 1: especially if you eat the pulp and not just the juice. 211 00:12:20,840 --> 00:12:24,200 Speaker 1: It adds fiber. One orange contains over half of your 212 00:12:24,280 --> 00:12:27,320 Speaker 1: daily recommended intake of vitamin C, plus a smattering of 213 00:12:27,360 --> 00:12:32,480 Speaker 1: other vitamins and minerals. If we look at numbers of 214 00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:36,679 Speaker 1: the fruit trees, the orange trees the most commercially grown globally. 215 00:12:37,120 --> 00:12:40,000 Speaker 1: The US produces a lot, and Florida is a huge 216 00:12:40,000 --> 00:12:42,760 Speaker 1: part of it, two hundred million boxes a year and 217 00:12:42,840 --> 00:12:45,559 Speaker 1: lossers of frost which can have a huge impact on production. 218 00:12:45,600 --> 00:12:47,839 Speaker 1: The loss of an orange crop due to frost can 219 00:12:47,880 --> 00:12:52,360 Speaker 1: reach up to and this is a increasingly serious problem 220 00:12:52,440 --> 00:12:55,880 Speaker 1: as climate change has been creating unexpected cold snaps in 221 00:12:55,880 --> 00:13:00,720 Speaker 1: the US and other large growing regions like Brazil. Globally, 222 00:13:00,760 --> 00:13:03,600 Speaker 1: Brazil does produce the most oranges by far, at around 223 00:13:03,640 --> 00:13:07,360 Speaker 1: sixteen million tons per year. China comes in second round 224 00:13:07,400 --> 00:13:10,880 Speaker 1: seven million tons. In Other places like Egypt, Turkey, South Africa, 225 00:13:10,920 --> 00:13:13,440 Speaker 1: and the United States produce about like one to three 226 00:13:13,520 --> 00:13:18,800 Speaker 1: million tons orange juice sales, though, are not doing so hot. 227 00:13:18,880 --> 00:13:21,840 Speaker 1: They've been falling for years as people started to question 228 00:13:21,880 --> 00:13:24,920 Speaker 1: the overall healthiness of the beverage, the all natural and 229 00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:28,480 Speaker 1: fresh claims, and breakfast has been falling overall, which orange 230 00:13:28,520 --> 00:13:33,400 Speaker 1: juice is primarily it's very much associated with breakfast, um 231 00:13:33,720 --> 00:13:36,400 Speaker 1: here in the States. Yes, yes, and I I do 232 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:41,960 Speaker 1: remember seeing I think the like ad campaigns um comparing 233 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:46,160 Speaker 1: saying essentially, you're not making a healthier choice by choosing 234 00:13:46,160 --> 00:13:48,679 Speaker 1: orange juice versus Coca cola. I'm not saying this stre 235 00:13:48,679 --> 00:13:52,959 Speaker 1: either way, but I remember seeing that ads saying this 236 00:13:53,040 --> 00:13:55,000 Speaker 1: is just as bad, it's not just as much sugar, 237 00:13:55,320 --> 00:13:59,000 Speaker 1: and you think you're doing a better thing. Uh, yeah, 238 00:13:59,080 --> 00:14:01,320 Speaker 1: it's it's certainly orange juice is certainly a sugar bomb. 239 00:14:01,360 --> 00:14:05,280 Speaker 1: I would love to do. The production process that large 240 00:14:05,280 --> 00:14:08,520 Speaker 1: companies go through to make orange juice is so fascinating 241 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:12,000 Speaker 1: in order to keep like, like one box of trapicana 242 00:14:12,200 --> 00:14:16,319 Speaker 1: tasting the same as the next, across the across the globe, 243 00:14:16,520 --> 00:14:20,880 Speaker 1: across the entire year. Right, it's so cool. Yeah, isn't 244 00:14:20,880 --> 00:14:24,200 Speaker 1: it involved like a flavor pack? I'm sure I believe 245 00:14:24,240 --> 00:14:29,120 Speaker 1: it does. But anyway, we we have a lot of 246 00:14:29,280 --> 00:14:31,880 Speaker 1: history to get to here. Yes we do. But first 247 00:14:32,160 --> 00:14:34,040 Speaker 1: we have a quick break for a word from our sponsor, 248 00:14:43,320 --> 00:14:46,280 Speaker 1: and we're back, Thank you sponsor, and we're back with 249 00:14:46,480 --> 00:14:50,680 Speaker 1: a book keeping note. First, the history of oranges is 250 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:53,560 Speaker 1: split between the history of the bitter orange and the 251 00:14:53,600 --> 00:14:55,840 Speaker 1: history of the sweet orange. Generally, when you're reading something, 252 00:14:55,840 --> 00:14:57,360 Speaker 1: I'll say, like the sweet orange did this and the 253 00:14:57,360 --> 00:15:00,640 Speaker 1: bitter orange did this, some of it gets all mixed 254 00:15:00,680 --> 00:15:03,480 Speaker 1: up together. Yeah, And as I said earlier, the mandarin 255 00:15:03,600 --> 00:15:05,440 Speaker 1: is a separate species, and it's thought to be one 256 00:15:05,440 --> 00:15:09,880 Speaker 1: of the three like original root species of all of 257 00:15:09,920 --> 00:15:13,160 Speaker 1: the varieties that we know today. So that's exciting. It 258 00:15:13,280 --> 00:15:20,400 Speaker 1: is exciting. But whichever you're talking about, oranges are old. 259 00:15:20,680 --> 00:15:24,880 Speaker 1: They originated in Southeast Asia about six thousand years ago. 260 00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:27,800 Speaker 1: The sweet orange probably came from the same area or 261 00:15:27,840 --> 00:15:31,960 Speaker 1: perhaps China, where they've been cultivated possibly since two thousand, 262 00:15:32,080 --> 00:15:35,640 Speaker 1: four hundred b c e. They were grown in Japan 263 00:15:35,840 --> 00:15:38,280 Speaker 1: in the way back as well. They were known as 264 00:15:38,320 --> 00:15:41,560 Speaker 1: the fruit of life. There's even a myth in Japan 265 00:15:41,600 --> 00:15:44,200 Speaker 1: that tells of a hero sent into the eternal land, 266 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:47,840 Speaker 1: which some scholars believe to be South China by his 267 00:15:47,920 --> 00:15:51,160 Speaker 1: emper to bring an orange back so the emperor could 268 00:15:51,200 --> 00:15:54,480 Speaker 1: eat it and become mortal. But by the time the 269 00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:59,640 Speaker 1: hero returned, the emperor had already died. Yes, in China, 270 00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:01,760 Speaker 1: the heat is known as the fruit of life, but 271 00:16:01,800 --> 00:16:04,880 Speaker 1: the orange was believed to be pretty cool too, keeping 272 00:16:04,880 --> 00:16:08,080 Speaker 1: away evil spirits and bringing good fortune and joy. You 273 00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:11,440 Speaker 1: might remember in our New Year's Tradition, our Lunar New 274 00:16:11,520 --> 00:16:14,720 Speaker 1: Year's Tradition episode, we talked a bit about oranges and 275 00:16:14,760 --> 00:16:16,640 Speaker 1: why they are part of the lunar New Year, and 276 00:16:16,680 --> 00:16:19,240 Speaker 1: that's kind of why we're doing this episode the time 277 00:16:19,240 --> 00:16:22,640 Speaker 1: we're doing now. Yeah, it's also the good season for oranges. 278 00:16:22,720 --> 00:16:24,720 Speaker 1: You'll you'll find the best oranges that you'll find all 279 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:29,520 Speaker 1: year in stories around now. I did not realize, um, 280 00:16:29,560 --> 00:16:32,280 Speaker 1: these kind of beliefs about the orange of being the 281 00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:35,640 Speaker 1: fruit of life might be because of its color and 282 00:16:35,840 --> 00:16:38,720 Speaker 1: the relative closeness of that color to the red of 283 00:16:38,760 --> 00:16:43,840 Speaker 1: blood and or to sunlight, two very important life forces. 284 00:16:44,080 --> 00:16:46,920 Speaker 1: And there are oranges with a natural mutation that makes 285 00:16:46,960 --> 00:16:49,760 Speaker 1: their flesh and juice reddish anywhere from like a sort 286 00:16:49,760 --> 00:16:53,800 Speaker 1: of blush tangerine pink to like straight up arterial scarlet 287 00:16:54,480 --> 00:16:57,480 Speaker 1: that they are called blood oranges. Appropriately. I went on 288 00:16:57,520 --> 00:16:59,960 Speaker 1: a blood orange tangent when I was researching this episode. 289 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:02,480 Speaker 1: I had to stop myself. Yeah, they are my favorite kind. 290 00:17:02,520 --> 00:17:05,639 Speaker 1: By the way, They're super delicious. If like blood orange 291 00:17:05,680 --> 00:17:08,720 Speaker 1: flavored anything is like the weight of my heart. Yeah, 292 00:17:08,800 --> 00:17:10,439 Speaker 1: I'm pretty new to it, but I've it's been on 293 00:17:10,480 --> 00:17:12,800 Speaker 1: cocktail men use a lot lately, well lately as in 294 00:17:13,040 --> 00:17:15,840 Speaker 1: the past decade. I think they've become more and more 295 00:17:15,880 --> 00:17:21,000 Speaker 1: common to see a blood orange cocktail and always pretty good. 296 00:17:21,040 --> 00:17:23,040 Speaker 1: They're a little bit especially that the oil on the 297 00:17:23,119 --> 00:17:25,920 Speaker 1: rind is a little bit more floral and so it's 298 00:17:25,920 --> 00:17:32,639 Speaker 1: a tiny bit more bitter and oh I love it. Okay, okay, anyway, okay, anyway. Um. 299 00:17:32,680 --> 00:17:36,600 Speaker 1: There actually is a study reported on earlier this year 300 00:17:36,640 --> 00:17:41,600 Speaker 1: by Nature and BBC um that oranges might have come 301 00:17:41,600 --> 00:17:46,400 Speaker 1: from the foothills and the Himalayas eight million years ago 302 00:17:46,760 --> 00:17:50,800 Speaker 1: record scratch, well what um. They spread to Asia and 303 00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:54,800 Speaker 1: Australia from there and underwent a massive diversification around four 304 00:17:54,840 --> 00:17:58,200 Speaker 1: million years ago. This is from a citrus family tree 305 00:17:58,600 --> 00:18:03,679 Speaker 1: created after scientistic and the genomic data of sixty different varieties. 306 00:18:04,440 --> 00:18:10,119 Speaker 1: So you know old either way, old super old, not 307 00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:14,400 Speaker 1: New Yeah. Yeah, they've been around for a while, cultivated 308 00:18:14,520 --> 00:18:17,680 Speaker 1: for at least four thousand years. Yes, we'll say that. 309 00:18:18,280 --> 00:18:21,919 Speaker 1: From Asia they made their way to India, to the 310 00:18:21,960 --> 00:18:25,640 Speaker 1: eastern coast of Africa to the Mediterranean by one thousand CEE, 311 00:18:25,840 --> 00:18:28,720 Speaker 1: or perhaps earlier. The Moors might have brought oranges to 312 00:18:29,080 --> 00:18:32,480 Speaker 1: Spain in the eighth century se When these so called 313 00:18:32,480 --> 00:18:35,760 Speaker 1: bitter oranges from China made its Spain, folks started calling 314 00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:40,359 Speaker 1: them Seville oranges. Oranges probably made it over to Britain 315 00:18:40,440 --> 00:18:46,760 Speaker 1: around twelve hundred in sweet orange trees were planted in Versailles. 316 00:18:47,040 --> 00:18:50,520 Speaker 1: A century later, they were being planted in Lisbon, Portugal. 317 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:54,800 Speaker 1: They were primarily used medicinally, although they were seen as 318 00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:58,520 Speaker 1: a luscious dessert for those rich enough to afford them. Yeah, 319 00:18:58,600 --> 00:19:00,399 Speaker 1: like many other things we've talked about on a show, 320 00:19:00,560 --> 00:19:05,080 Speaker 1: oranges were a food fit for royalty in Europe. In Britain, 321 00:19:05,119 --> 00:19:07,600 Speaker 1: by the way, a greenhouse for oranges would be called 322 00:19:07,880 --> 00:19:12,080 Speaker 1: an orange jury. Jury just rolls right off the tongue, 323 00:19:12,200 --> 00:19:14,679 Speaker 1: doesn't it. I do love it though. Yeah, there was 324 00:19:14,680 --> 00:19:17,680 Speaker 1: those pineapple houses. Yeah, I really had to show off 325 00:19:17,880 --> 00:19:22,240 Speaker 1: how much money you're making by building a greenhouse. Specifically yes, 326 00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:26,240 Speaker 1: I love it. When Columbus made a second journey across 327 00:19:26,280 --> 00:19:29,040 Speaker 1: the Atlantic in fourteen ninety three, he brought with him 328 00:19:29,080 --> 00:19:33,119 Speaker 1: sweet orange seeds to Espanola. Ernando de Soto gets credit 329 00:19:33,119 --> 00:19:37,320 Speaker 1: for introducing oranges to Florida St. Augustine, in particular, in 330 00:19:37,480 --> 00:19:41,720 Speaker 1: fifteen thirty nine. Oranges were definitely growing there by fifteen 331 00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:46,280 Speaker 1: sixty five. Orange grows proliferated until fifteen eighty six, when 332 00:19:46,320 --> 00:19:50,280 Speaker 1: Sir Francis Drake and his troops laid siege on the city. 333 00:19:50,320 --> 00:19:52,359 Speaker 1: They were later replanted, but it took a couple of 334 00:19:52,400 --> 00:19:55,399 Speaker 1: hundred years for the commercial orange industry in Florida to 335 00:19:55,720 --> 00:19:59,920 Speaker 1: take off. It wasn't until one rolled around that sell 336 00:20:00,160 --> 00:20:03,280 Speaker 1: oranges could make you some money in the US and 337 00:20:03,320 --> 00:20:06,280 Speaker 1: Florida specifically. Yeah. Yeah, And it always cracks me off 338 00:20:06,280 --> 00:20:09,200 Speaker 1: when you first enter Florida and there are million signs 339 00:20:09,600 --> 00:20:14,080 Speaker 1: not exaggerating, I think it's a million everywhere, like Visitors Center, 340 00:20:14,200 --> 00:20:19,920 Speaker 1: this exit, Disney World tickets, Astrix fresh orange juice, free 341 00:20:19,920 --> 00:20:23,080 Speaker 1: fresh orange jues specifically, like, yeah, you can tell when 342 00:20:23,080 --> 00:20:26,440 Speaker 1: you've entered Florida. It's like, oh, hi, we make some oranges. 343 00:20:26,480 --> 00:20:29,240 Speaker 1: Did you know? Did you know about it? Were you aware, 344 00:20:29,440 --> 00:20:32,240 Speaker 1: come get some some samples. I've always wanted to go, 345 00:20:32,440 --> 00:20:36,639 Speaker 1: but I'm worried I'll get like talked into something I 346 00:20:36,680 --> 00:20:38,920 Speaker 1: don't want that. I'll bring a friend. I don't know 347 00:20:38,920 --> 00:20:40,600 Speaker 1: if that's going to help or hurt your your cause, 348 00:20:40,640 --> 00:20:42,320 Speaker 1: but I'm not sure what your cause is. No, I 349 00:20:42,359 --> 00:20:45,240 Speaker 1: think it will hurt. Thinking of my friends. I love 350 00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:49,359 Speaker 1: you guys, But all right. From Florida, oranges spread to 351 00:20:49,359 --> 00:20:52,840 Speaker 1: the Caribbean, to Mexico and further south into South America. 352 00:20:53,200 --> 00:20:56,240 Speaker 1: Records show they were being grown in Louisiana by seventeen hundred, 353 00:20:56,280 --> 00:20:58,280 Speaker 1: where in New Orleans once again it got in on 354 00:20:58,320 --> 00:21:01,720 Speaker 1: that grafting game, grafting sweet and sour varieties together. They 355 00:21:01,720 --> 00:21:06,320 Speaker 1: did it with the countries the oranges. Arizona had oranges 356 00:21:06,320 --> 00:21:10,480 Speaker 1: around at this time as well, and Franciscan's brought oranges 357 00:21:10,720 --> 00:21:14,720 Speaker 1: to San Diego, California in seventeen sixty nine. The naval 358 00:21:14,720 --> 00:21:18,320 Speaker 1: orange rout to California from Brazil in eighteen seventy three, 359 00:21:18,480 --> 00:21:23,760 Speaker 1: and it was profitable within two decades. Technology helped oranges 360 00:21:24,040 --> 00:21:28,119 Speaker 1: really really really take off, from refrigerated ships to railroads 361 00:21:28,119 --> 00:21:31,000 Speaker 1: going into Florida. And this is the start of large 362 00:21:31,119 --> 00:21:36,000 Speaker 1: scale orange production in the US, especially in Florida and California. 363 00:21:36,240 --> 00:21:40,280 Speaker 1: Along with this came a very effective marketing campaign that 364 00:21:40,440 --> 00:21:45,159 Speaker 1: used oranges to symbolize good things like health, sunshine, and sophistication, 365 00:21:45,440 --> 00:21:47,880 Speaker 1: not only to sell more oranges, but to get settlers 366 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:50,879 Speaker 1: to come to these areas. I mean, if you to me, 367 00:21:51,440 --> 00:21:54,800 Speaker 1: I still have this association with orange juice like that 368 00:21:54,920 --> 00:21:58,080 Speaker 1: it's sunshine and health, even if I know the back 369 00:21:58,160 --> 00:22:01,239 Speaker 1: of my head it's just marketing speak. Yeah, it's very 370 00:22:01,240 --> 00:22:04,640 Speaker 1: effective and it was a big deal of this marketing 371 00:22:04,640 --> 00:22:08,240 Speaker 1: for orange growers. One you might have heard of Southern 372 00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:12,359 Speaker 1: California Fruit Exchange, founded in eighteen ninety three, which eventually 373 00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:17,880 Speaker 1: became sun Kiss. If we look specifically at population growth 374 00:22:17,880 --> 00:22:21,960 Speaker 1: in Los Angeles, California, it went from about eleven thousand 375 00:22:22,000 --> 00:22:24,879 Speaker 1: people in eighteen eighty to more than half a million 376 00:22:24,920 --> 00:22:27,800 Speaker 1: in nineteen twenty. And some people do think that the 377 00:22:27,840 --> 00:22:30,400 Speaker 1: orange industry had something to do with it, or even 378 00:22:30,440 --> 00:22:34,160 Speaker 1: just like oranges put this place on the map. Yeah. 379 00:22:35,320 --> 00:22:38,720 Speaker 1: The first English written mention of the Mandarin appeared in 380 00:22:38,760 --> 00:22:41,439 Speaker 1: seventeen seventy one when they arrived in the US, and 381 00:22:41,440 --> 00:22:44,640 Speaker 1: the early eighteen hundreds. They were first called China's tangerines, 382 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:47,240 Speaker 1: get their name from where Americans believed they were from tangiers. 383 00:22:47,240 --> 00:22:50,439 Speaker 1: And again these aren't oranges, no, but just you know, 384 00:22:50,880 --> 00:22:54,679 Speaker 1: fun fun note fun note with words um. Oranges like 385 00:22:54,720 --> 00:22:57,760 Speaker 1: a warm climate, which meant in general growth was limited 386 00:22:57,800 --> 00:23:01,399 Speaker 1: to places where temperatures really dropped the low freezing. But 387 00:23:01,560 --> 00:23:05,439 Speaker 1: some determined rich folks did grow them inside greenhouses along 388 00:23:05,440 --> 00:23:08,119 Speaker 1: with lemons. And yeah, they were called orange rees, so 389 00:23:08,160 --> 00:23:13,359 Speaker 1: we even had those sometimes in the US. But what 390 00:23:13,480 --> 00:23:16,720 Speaker 1: about that whole orange and the stocking tradition that we 391 00:23:16,760 --> 00:23:21,040 Speaker 1: started the show off with? What about it? Were Humans 392 00:23:21,080 --> 00:23:25,000 Speaker 1: have been giving fruits at celebratory events since ancient times. 393 00:23:25,320 --> 00:23:29,000 Speaker 1: Since fruit was so perishable and expensive, they were signs 394 00:23:29,040 --> 00:23:32,719 Speaker 1: of wealth. Um. I mean, our pineapple episode is a 395 00:23:32,760 --> 00:23:36,320 Speaker 1: fantastic example of this whole thing. And even when technology 396 00:23:36,320 --> 00:23:38,840 Speaker 1: improved for a while, getting an orange at all or 397 00:23:38,840 --> 00:23:42,760 Speaker 1: any other fresh fruit was a treat um and they 398 00:23:42,800 --> 00:23:46,160 Speaker 1: were a very popular option. During the Great Depression from 399 00:23:46,200 --> 00:23:50,199 Speaker 1: the History of Food by Maglone to Saint Sama in 400 00:23:50,359 --> 00:23:53,720 Speaker 1: the nineteenth century, poor children dreamed all the year round 401 00:23:53,760 --> 00:23:56,720 Speaker 1: of getting the precious scented at present of an orange 402 00:23:56,720 --> 00:23:59,320 Speaker 1: for Christmas. Most of them did not know what an 403 00:23:59,359 --> 00:24:01,880 Speaker 1: orange tasted to like, or even if they would dare 404 00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:07,120 Speaker 1: eat that golden almost magical fruit. Oh, which really puts 405 00:24:07,160 --> 00:24:09,199 Speaker 1: it in perspective because I just sort of take for 406 00:24:09,240 --> 00:24:14,720 Speaker 1: granted that it's this fruit and now it's in my stocking, 407 00:24:14,840 --> 00:24:17,320 Speaker 1: taking up space where I could have had butter fingers 408 00:24:17,320 --> 00:24:21,199 Speaker 1: and what have you. But yeah, at the time, you 409 00:24:21,280 --> 00:24:23,960 Speaker 1: might have never had one, yes, or even or even 410 00:24:24,040 --> 00:24:26,960 Speaker 1: dare eat one if you got one. The color is 411 00:24:27,040 --> 00:24:30,720 Speaker 1: very pretty. There's also a legend involving St. Nicholas throwing 412 00:24:30,800 --> 00:24:33,280 Speaker 1: three golden spheres down the chimney of a man who 413 00:24:33,400 --> 00:24:36,159 Speaker 1: is too poor to afford the dowries associated with his 414 00:24:36,240 --> 00:24:39,119 Speaker 1: daughters getting married, and one ended up in each of 415 00:24:39,160 --> 00:24:42,520 Speaker 1: the daughter stockings. Since there aren't too many gold spheres 416 00:24:42,600 --> 00:24:48,760 Speaker 1: lying around, people replace them with oranges. Um. Yeah, since 417 00:24:48,800 --> 00:24:51,359 Speaker 1: oranges mature around Christmas time, they sort of got this. 418 00:24:51,680 --> 00:24:56,359 Speaker 1: I think it helped cement them. Sure as a stocking fruit. 419 00:24:58,920 --> 00:25:03,040 Speaker 1: Mm hmmmmm. But we're not done with the history. No, 420 00:25:03,240 --> 00:25:06,600 Speaker 1: we've got more, but first we have one more quick 421 00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:17,320 Speaker 1: break for a word from our sponsor, and we're back. 422 00:25:17,359 --> 00:25:21,159 Speaker 1: Thank you sponsor, Yes, thank you. So one question I 423 00:25:21,200 --> 00:25:26,240 Speaker 1: had doing this research was how did orange juice become 424 00:25:26,640 --> 00:25:30,439 Speaker 1: a breakfast food? How did it at the advice of 425 00:25:30,560 --> 00:25:37,439 Speaker 1: nineteen twenties nutritionists with major success those nutritionists. They claimed 426 00:25:37,440 --> 00:25:40,280 Speaker 1: it could help you concentrate, it could help you with scurvy, 427 00:25:40,320 --> 00:25:42,520 Speaker 1: all kinds of things. I mentioned before on this very 428 00:25:42,520 --> 00:25:45,600 Speaker 1: show that for a while, when I would take like 429 00:25:45,680 --> 00:25:50,080 Speaker 1: a standardized tests like the RCT, my mom that morning 430 00:25:50,359 --> 00:25:52,360 Speaker 1: would make sure I drink orange juice because she thought 431 00:25:52,400 --> 00:25:54,919 Speaker 1: I would like, help me concentrate, help give you the boost, 432 00:25:55,200 --> 00:25:59,760 Speaker 1: very very effective. Um. And this this marketing massively increased 433 00:25:59,840 --> 00:26:03,320 Speaker 1: range consumption for the average American. However, at the time, 434 00:26:03,800 --> 00:26:07,960 Speaker 1: orange juice was boiled, canned, and probably several weeks old 435 00:26:07,960 --> 00:26:11,800 Speaker 1: before it reached the consumer, so its flavor was majorly depleted. 436 00:26:12,640 --> 00:26:16,720 Speaker 1: Most people ate oranges instead of drinking orange juice at breakfast, 437 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:20,440 Speaker 1: but pasteurized orange juice and chilled carton started to get 438 00:26:20,480 --> 00:26:23,439 Speaker 1: really popular in the nineteen sixties when the US Food 439 00:26:23,480 --> 00:26:26,960 Speaker 1: and Drug Administration stepped in and started regulating and standardizing 440 00:26:26,960 --> 00:26:31,399 Speaker 1: orange juice, and the flavor improved. Another big part of 441 00:26:31,440 --> 00:26:34,320 Speaker 1: this is a dude by the name of Elmer McCullum 442 00:26:34,480 --> 00:26:37,399 Speaker 1: back in the twenties, he earned the unofficial title of 443 00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:43,920 Speaker 1: America's nutritionist, and he pushed vitamins hard core. Yeah, he 444 00:26:43,960 --> 00:26:46,679 Speaker 1: warned the threats of a diet deficient in vitamins and 445 00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:50,720 Speaker 1: sparked a vitamania here in the States. Enter the marketing 446 00:26:50,840 --> 00:26:54,359 Speaker 1: arm of orange juice companies like sun Kissed boasting the 447 00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:59,159 Speaker 1: vitamin and acid contents of orange juice, which was smart 448 00:26:59,200 --> 00:27:02,959 Speaker 1: because McCullum switched from a vitamin focused guy to an 449 00:27:03,040 --> 00:27:06,240 Speaker 1: acid focus guy soon after, and he induced a sort 450 00:27:06,280 --> 00:27:09,640 Speaker 1: of mass paranoia about a rare blood condition called acid 451 00:27:09,640 --> 00:27:13,240 Speaker 1: doosis too much acid in the blood. He claimed it 452 00:27:13,320 --> 00:27:16,120 Speaker 1: was caused by eating too much meat, bread, and eggs. 453 00:27:16,800 --> 00:27:19,600 Speaker 1: He advised eating a lot of lettuce and a lot 454 00:27:19,640 --> 00:27:23,160 Speaker 1: of citrus, which seems like it would just produce more 455 00:27:23,200 --> 00:27:25,840 Speaker 1: acid if acid was a problem, but according to him, 456 00:27:25,880 --> 00:27:28,720 Speaker 1: these citrus acids got turned into alkaline in the stomach. 457 00:27:29,400 --> 00:27:33,600 Speaker 1: Of course, citrus producers went all in on this. Sun 458 00:27:33,680 --> 00:27:38,720 Speaker 1: kiss even collaborated on an acidosis awareness pamphlet. And here's 459 00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:43,159 Speaker 1: an illustrative quote. A stell seemed to lack vitality, but 460 00:27:43,240 --> 00:27:45,800 Speaker 1: didn't even make an effort to be entertaining, hints she 461 00:27:45,880 --> 00:27:49,560 Speaker 1: did not attract the men. Acidosis is the word in 462 00:27:49,640 --> 00:27:53,919 Speaker 1: almost every modern physician's tongue. I want to put in 463 00:27:53,960 --> 00:27:57,200 Speaker 1: here that this is a very rare disease, and uh, 464 00:27:57,359 --> 00:28:02,280 Speaker 1: your body is so good at controlling its acid levels. 465 00:28:02,960 --> 00:28:04,560 Speaker 1: It's one of the things, like you might think that 466 00:28:04,600 --> 00:28:06,800 Speaker 1: your body is a slouch about a bunch of stuff. 467 00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:11,600 Speaker 1: I feel you, it is so good at keeping your 468 00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:18,439 Speaker 1: acid and alkaline pretty pretty controlled. So Stell probably at 469 00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:25,119 Speaker 1: a different it's still probably just was was sick of 470 00:28:25,320 --> 00:28:30,879 Speaker 1: slouchy dudes. I mean, fair to a stell. I I understand. 471 00:28:31,160 --> 00:28:34,960 Speaker 1: I'm also sometimes not making efforts to be entertaining, as 472 00:28:35,000 --> 00:28:37,520 Speaker 1: all of you probably know from listening to this podcast. 473 00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:44,480 Speaker 1: Sha Um scientists started calling this acidosis orange juice connection 474 00:28:44,560 --> 00:28:50,680 Speaker 1: out in the nineteen thirties. Yes, orange producers pivoted to 475 00:28:51,040 --> 00:28:55,440 Speaker 1: the wartime effort. Frozen concentrated orange juice was invented in 476 00:28:55,480 --> 00:28:57,800 Speaker 1: the nineteen forties at the behest of the U. S. 477 00:28:57,920 --> 00:29:00,720 Speaker 1: Army as a way to provide better orange juice and 478 00:29:00,800 --> 00:29:04,960 Speaker 1: thus scurvy prevention, hopefully for soldiers. During World War Two, 479 00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:09,640 Speaker 1: Florida was producing ten million gallons of quote fresh frozen 480 00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:14,120 Speaker 1: orange juice concentrate. By nineteen frozen orange juice concentrate was 481 00:29:14,160 --> 00:29:17,560 Speaker 1: seen as an example of American innovation, and a nineteen 482 00:29:17,600 --> 00:29:20,120 Speaker 1: fifty two add from the American Can Company claimed that 483 00:29:20,200 --> 00:29:26,600 Speaker 1: had saved American housewives fourteen thousand years of quote drudgery, drudgery, drudgery. 484 00:29:26,600 --> 00:29:30,800 Speaker 1: But it was seen as almost a patriotic thing. Look 485 00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:32,840 Speaker 1: at that. Yeah. On my on my mom's side of 486 00:29:32,920 --> 00:29:38,120 Speaker 1: the family, my grandmother would would would serve nothing but 487 00:29:38,120 --> 00:29:43,720 Speaker 1: but like reconstituted frozen orange juice. And I she was 488 00:29:43,760 --> 00:29:46,040 Speaker 1: so psyched about it, and and I was so charmed 489 00:29:46,040 --> 00:29:47,640 Speaker 1: that she was like, as like, this doesn't taste like 490 00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:52,000 Speaker 1: orange juice, but but but it's good. I like it. 491 00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:54,680 Speaker 1: It kind of always reminds me of um Field trips 492 00:29:54,680 --> 00:29:56,320 Speaker 1: in school, because I feel like you'd always get that 493 00:29:56,440 --> 00:30:00,600 Speaker 1: like orangeese that still had ice in it. Yeah, it 494 00:30:00,680 --> 00:30:03,240 Speaker 1: made really good eyes, pops, I will say, Okay, alright, 495 00:30:03,240 --> 00:30:06,040 Speaker 1: I noted. And speaking of noted, here's a culture note 496 00:30:06,080 --> 00:30:09,520 Speaker 1: for you. Um, let's talk about the movie The Godfather. 497 00:30:10,480 --> 00:30:13,960 Speaker 1: Let's i've never seen this film. You've never seen The Godfather. 498 00:30:14,000 --> 00:30:15,960 Speaker 1: I'm going to tell you all about it. Where have 499 00:30:16,120 --> 00:30:19,840 Speaker 1: you been. Oh no, even our producers making a super 500 00:30:19,880 --> 00:30:25,840 Speaker 1: producer Andrews looks so upset right now. I have been elsewhere. 501 00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:32,280 Speaker 1: But apparently I learned from my research that the set 502 00:30:32,280 --> 00:30:36,320 Speaker 1: designer liked using oranges to give otherwise solemn scenes a 503 00:30:36,320 --> 00:30:39,200 Speaker 1: pop of color. And because of this, people started to 504 00:30:39,240 --> 00:30:43,880 Speaker 1: associate oranges with bad news and specifically deaf. So if 505 00:30:43,880 --> 00:30:46,640 Speaker 1: you're watching a movie or a TV show and there 506 00:30:46,680 --> 00:30:52,480 Speaker 1: are oranges, somebody's days might be numbers. Yeah. I learned 507 00:30:52,560 --> 00:30:56,240 Speaker 1: this one. I watched a Requiem for a Dream and 508 00:30:56,240 --> 00:30:58,720 Speaker 1: and there was and and like, yeah, it was this 509 00:30:58,720 --> 00:31:00,640 Speaker 1: this one of the drug dealers is like peeling this 510 00:31:00,680 --> 00:31:03,880 Speaker 1: orange and it was this like harbinger of of doom, 511 00:31:04,720 --> 00:31:07,760 Speaker 1: doom doom. Yeah, that that was one of the examples 512 00:31:07,800 --> 00:31:10,720 Speaker 1: I found. Mad Men did it when what's his name 513 00:31:10,800 --> 00:31:15,320 Speaker 1: was juggling the oranges, the wire, breaking Bad, the Sopranos, 514 00:31:15,520 --> 00:31:20,120 Speaker 1: Children of Men, Identity, Lost, Point Break, and even Family Guy. 515 00:31:20,440 --> 00:31:23,880 Speaker 1: That is quite a collection, isn't it, of movie films 516 00:31:23,880 --> 00:31:26,920 Speaker 1: and television. It really is people who have seen The 517 00:31:26,920 --> 00:31:29,680 Speaker 1: Godfather and want to put a little orange, a little 518 00:31:29,720 --> 00:31:32,640 Speaker 1: nod in there. Yeah. Whoever was working on Point Break 519 00:31:32,960 --> 00:31:41,120 Speaker 1: and Toss that in Brava our hats off. In two 520 00:31:41,400 --> 00:31:44,959 Speaker 1: four um A, a new disease was identified in orange 521 00:31:44,960 --> 00:31:48,040 Speaker 1: groves that's considered a serious threat to the world citrus 522 00:31:48,160 --> 00:31:51,520 Speaker 1: actually um. It's called citrus greening and it's caused by 523 00:31:51,600 --> 00:31:55,840 Speaker 1: a species of bacteria that's spread by insects. The bacteria 524 00:31:55,880 --> 00:31:59,000 Speaker 1: in fact the trees vascular tissue, preventing sugars and other 525 00:31:59,080 --> 00:32:02,680 Speaker 1: nutrients produced in the trees leaves from circulating through the plant, 526 00:32:02,920 --> 00:32:05,360 Speaker 1: so the leaves will go all modeled. The branch will 527 00:32:05,360 --> 00:32:09,840 Speaker 1: produce bitter fruit that withers before it ripens. Bad times. 528 00:32:10,080 --> 00:32:13,000 Speaker 1: UM science is working on it though. There are pesticides 529 00:32:13,040 --> 00:32:15,720 Speaker 1: derived from nicotine um that you can You can treat 530 00:32:15,760 --> 00:32:18,320 Speaker 1: the soil around the tree with that. The tree will 531 00:32:18,360 --> 00:32:21,640 Speaker 1: absorb and it will kill the insects, hopefully without harming 532 00:32:21,880 --> 00:32:25,400 Speaker 1: the helpful pollinators like bees that you want around your trees. 533 00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:29,320 Speaker 1: UM and genetic engineers are looking into a solution that 534 00:32:29,360 --> 00:32:34,760 Speaker 1: could make trees themselves resistant to the bacteria. So good 535 00:32:34,800 --> 00:32:38,440 Speaker 1: times there. But if you hear about orange greening, it's 536 00:32:38,480 --> 00:32:44,160 Speaker 1: not just the color of your oranges. Also another science 537 00:32:44,200 --> 00:32:48,760 Speaker 1: note um this year, an Australian public health team was 538 00:32:48,800 --> 00:32:53,160 Speaker 1: asked to investigate an orange that turned a bright, inky 539 00:32:53,320 --> 00:32:58,600 Speaker 1: purple after it had been cut into wedges, like absolute 540 00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:02,680 Speaker 1: like like beautiful, bright, insane purple. So yeah, it turned 541 00:33:02,680 --> 00:33:05,240 Speaker 1: out that the knife used to cut the orange had 542 00:33:05,240 --> 00:33:09,160 Speaker 1: been sharpened recently, and iron particles from it reacted with 543 00:33:09,240 --> 00:33:13,160 Speaker 1: this compound in the orange. A startled mother sent the 544 00:33:13,160 --> 00:33:15,680 Speaker 1: sample into the team after her son had already eaten 545 00:33:15,720 --> 00:33:18,840 Speaker 1: part of it, and the health officials involved seemed just 546 00:33:19,040 --> 00:33:21,920 Speaker 1: pleased as all. Heck that a they were dealing with 547 00:33:21,960 --> 00:33:25,360 Speaker 1: something that wasn't like blood or urine, uh, and be 548 00:33:25,640 --> 00:33:27,720 Speaker 1: that that the color change was not hazardous so they 549 00:33:27,720 --> 00:33:31,160 Speaker 1: could report back that everything was chill. I would be 550 00:33:31,200 --> 00:33:33,960 Speaker 1: startled too, especially if it happened like at first it 551 00:33:34,000 --> 00:33:37,080 Speaker 1: was orange and then it's like, yeah, yeah, that's what happened, 552 00:33:37,080 --> 00:33:39,400 Speaker 1: Like like she cut into it, it was orange and normal, 553 00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:41,400 Speaker 1: and then over the course of maybe like half an 554 00:33:41,440 --> 00:33:46,400 Speaker 1: hour or an hour, um, it developed this bright, like 555 00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:51,320 Speaker 1: joker purple. I would think aliens were involved. Yeah, I 556 00:33:51,360 --> 00:33:55,440 Speaker 1: think she was like, son, what did you do? What 557 00:33:55,560 --> 00:33:59,800 Speaker 1: have you done? How did you get into ink? Yeah? Well, 558 00:34:01,840 --> 00:34:05,200 Speaker 1: I hope to one day see oh if I just 559 00:34:05,200 --> 00:34:10,040 Speaker 1: sharpened the knife, maybe I can really should be handling knives, 560 00:34:10,440 --> 00:34:13,440 Speaker 1: but I am so clumsy. I don't think I can 561 00:34:13,480 --> 00:34:16,480 Speaker 1: stress enough how clumsy I am. That brings us to 562 00:34:16,480 --> 00:34:20,919 Speaker 1: the end of this our for a into oranges. Yes, 563 00:34:21,000 --> 00:34:23,960 Speaker 1: first for a oor, first for you. I we have 564 00:34:24,040 --> 00:34:28,640 Speaker 1: several more forays and we've sent you listeners many forays. Goodness, 565 00:34:28,719 --> 00:34:41,640 Speaker 1: yeah and speaking of it's time for Yeah, that's okay. 566 00:34:41,719 --> 00:34:44,879 Speaker 1: I sometimes the hand gestures can't communicate what I'm trying 567 00:34:44,880 --> 00:34:48,279 Speaker 1: to do. You know that one, that one, that one 568 00:34:48,400 --> 00:34:51,560 Speaker 1: I wasn't following, but it was great, thank you. I 569 00:34:51,600 --> 00:34:53,240 Speaker 1: mean it was a mess, but it was a beautiful. 570 00:34:53,280 --> 00:34:57,560 Speaker 1: Man was a beautiful speaking of a beautiful mass. Um 571 00:34:57,680 --> 00:35:00,959 Speaker 1: Eleanor wrote, I was listening to your egg podcast where 572 00:35:01,000 --> 00:35:03,920 Speaker 1: you mentioned you enjoyed foods that have riots behind them, 573 00:35:04,000 --> 00:35:06,319 Speaker 1: and since this story involves eggs, I thought I might 574 00:35:06,400 --> 00:35:09,359 Speaker 1: share it. I enjoyed going to Egg Harbor, Wisconsin, which 575 00:35:09,400 --> 00:35:12,399 Speaker 1: supposedly gets their name from an egg battle that happened there. 576 00:35:12,840 --> 00:35:16,920 Speaker 1: The Door County Advocate published a story on April eighteen 577 00:35:16,960 --> 00:35:19,960 Speaker 1: sixty two. The story indicates that a number of mc 578 00:35:20,040 --> 00:35:22,920 Speaker 1: NAC boats left Green Bay to deliver first to the 579 00:35:22,960 --> 00:35:26,680 Speaker 1: trading Post on mcnac Island. I apologize if I'm mispronouncing 580 00:35:26,719 --> 00:35:29,840 Speaker 1: that the boats stopped at the yet unnamed harbor to 581 00:35:30,760 --> 00:35:33,640 Speaker 1: rest for the night. While rowing ashore, there was a 582 00:35:33,719 --> 00:35:36,759 Speaker 1: race to see who would reach the shore first. The 583 00:35:36,840 --> 00:35:39,439 Speaker 1: village is named after a legendary egg battle that took 584 00:35:39,440 --> 00:35:42,920 Speaker 1: place in our harbor. A witness was Mrs Elizabeth Bard, 585 00:35:43,000 --> 00:35:47,440 Speaker 1: who recorded that fateful day of June in her journal. 586 00:35:48,280 --> 00:35:51,880 Speaker 1: She wrote that the battle began when men among a 587 00:35:52,040 --> 00:35:55,719 Speaker 1: six boat trading flotilla began throwing hardtack at each other 588 00:35:55,800 --> 00:35:59,320 Speaker 1: while approaching a spot of land. The first about ceased 589 00:35:59,400 --> 00:36:02,960 Speaker 1: due to their continuing need of the staple. Shortly thereafter, 590 00:36:03,400 --> 00:36:06,759 Speaker 1: the young Mrs Baird saw eggs flying in the air, 591 00:36:06,960 --> 00:36:09,920 Speaker 1: some of which occasionally struck her in the head. The 592 00:36:10,000 --> 00:36:12,160 Speaker 1: leader tried to stop the battle, but the fun was 593 00:36:12,280 --> 00:36:15,719 Speaker 1: quote too fierce to be readily given up. When they 594 00:36:15,840 --> 00:36:17,920 Speaker 1: camped on that spot of land, she wrote that a 595 00:36:17,960 --> 00:36:22,440 Speaker 1: storm was brewing another egg storm. The great egg Battle 596 00:36:22,560 --> 00:36:25,760 Speaker 1: stopped only for want of ammunition, and the men quote 597 00:36:25,880 --> 00:36:29,319 Speaker 1: left until exhausted. The next morning, the battlefield was so 598 00:36:29,440 --> 00:36:33,120 Speaker 1: strewn with eggshells that, before leaving shore, speeches befitting the 599 00:36:33,200 --> 00:36:37,080 Speaker 1: occasion were made and the spot was formally christened Egg Harbor. 600 00:36:38,360 --> 00:36:40,880 Speaker 1: I'm glad they were having fun. Yeah. I hit me 601 00:36:40,880 --> 00:36:43,920 Speaker 1: in the face of the egg gotta I feel that 602 00:36:44,040 --> 00:36:48,640 Speaker 1: I might be a little relieved off. It depends on 603 00:36:48,760 --> 00:36:51,440 Speaker 1: it depends on how stiff the shell is. That's true, 604 00:36:52,080 --> 00:36:57,600 Speaker 1: I guess. Yeah, in the teeth, i'd be mad right 605 00:36:57,680 --> 00:37:01,239 Speaker 1: in the eye. Yeah, thank you. But otherwise, yeah, it 606 00:37:01,280 --> 00:37:06,000 Speaker 1: sounds like good times to be had. Absolutely. Christine wrote 607 00:37:06,400 --> 00:37:09,360 Speaker 1: in your recent Brie episode, you lamented the lack of 608 00:37:09,480 --> 00:37:12,520 Speaker 1: raw milk bri in the US. While milk needs to 609 00:37:12,520 --> 00:37:16,120 Speaker 1: be pasteurized before legal sale in Canada, raw milk cheeses 610 00:37:16,160 --> 00:37:18,520 Speaker 1: are a okay. I hope this will be something that 611 00:37:18,560 --> 00:37:20,839 Speaker 1: you all can try on a future trip. It might 612 00:37:20,880 --> 00:37:22,799 Speaker 1: be a while, but I look forward to a mini 613 00:37:22,800 --> 00:37:27,040 Speaker 1: series on some great flavorful town in Canada. I do too. 614 00:37:27,160 --> 00:37:29,560 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, right, I gotta get that. What was it? 615 00:37:29,640 --> 00:37:32,560 Speaker 1: Bear claw? That Reese's not Reese's. But it was like 616 00:37:32,640 --> 00:37:39,160 Speaker 1: peanut butter, pancake chocolate. Um, I don't remember what it was, 617 00:37:39,200 --> 00:37:44,960 Speaker 1: but I'm appreciating, appreciating your reverie. Anyway, Yeah, food trip 618 00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:49,359 Speaker 1: to Canada needs to happen. It really does. Yes, I 619 00:37:50,040 --> 00:37:57,480 Speaker 1: like salmon mm hmmm mm hmmm, depending on how you 620 00:37:57,520 --> 00:38:02,120 Speaker 1: pronounce it. Yeah, okay, let's work on that. Oh I will. 621 00:38:03,400 --> 00:38:05,760 Speaker 1: In the meantime, listeners, if you could work on answering 622 00:38:05,800 --> 00:38:08,280 Speaker 1: all of the questions we pose to you in this episode, 623 00:38:08,640 --> 00:38:10,600 Speaker 1: that'd be great, and you can send those answers to 624 00:38:10,960 --> 00:38:14,960 Speaker 1: Hello at savor pod dot com. We're also available on 625 00:38:15,040 --> 00:38:17,640 Speaker 1: social media. You can find us on Instagram, Twitter, and 626 00:38:17,719 --> 00:38:20,440 Speaker 1: Facebook at savor pod. We do hope to hear from you. 627 00:38:20,760 --> 00:38:23,400 Speaker 1: Thank you so much to our super producers Andrew Howard 628 00:38:23,400 --> 00:38:25,799 Speaker 1: and Dylan Facon. Thank you to you for listening, and 629 00:38:25,840 --> 00:38:28,640 Speaker 1: we hope that lots more good things are coming your way.