1 00:00:05,160 --> 00:00:07,520 Speaker 1: Hey, this is Annie and Samantha and welcome to STEF. 2 00:00:07,520 --> 00:00:09,119 Speaker 1: I've never told you a prediction of I heard to you. 3 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:21,760 Speaker 2: And today we are going to do something unpleasant. Annie 4 00:00:21,800 --> 00:00:24,320 Speaker 2: and I hate that we have to do unpleasant things, 5 00:00:24,360 --> 00:00:27,600 Speaker 2: but I guess that's the nature of intersectional feminism, especially 6 00:00:27,600 --> 00:00:31,000 Speaker 2: when we're talking about intersectional feminism in the US today. 7 00:00:31,880 --> 00:00:34,519 Speaker 2: But we're actually going to talk about the not so 8 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:38,760 Speaker 2: great history of ICE or the immigration and customs enforcement 9 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:42,279 Speaker 2: in the US and also the Customs Border Patrol, so 10 00:00:42,280 --> 00:00:43,959 Speaker 2: they kind of go hand in hand in what we're 11 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:46,519 Speaker 2: talking about today. And this is one of those topics 12 00:00:46,520 --> 00:00:49,239 Speaker 2: that affects us all, whether we are immigrants or not. 13 00:00:50,159 --> 00:00:52,880 Speaker 2: And again, as we are an intersectional podcast, we wanted 14 00:00:52,880 --> 00:00:56,240 Speaker 2: to address what is happening and how some are dealing 15 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:58,520 Speaker 2: with the realities of today. So this is going to 16 00:00:58,520 --> 00:01:00,680 Speaker 2: be a multi part series, the type of thing. 17 00:01:00,680 --> 00:01:02,000 Speaker 1: I think it's just gonna be two partners. 18 00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:08,640 Speaker 2: We'll see, we'll see, because it is an ongoing thing. 19 00:01:09,880 --> 00:01:14,160 Speaker 2: And for today's portion, we are doing the historical context 20 00:01:14,640 --> 00:01:17,560 Speaker 2: of what is ICE and what is CBP and how 21 00:01:17,560 --> 00:01:20,399 Speaker 2: it came about today content warning, I think that can 22 00:01:20,440 --> 00:01:23,640 Speaker 2: be easily read into there's a lot of trauma in 23 00:01:23,680 --> 00:01:26,880 Speaker 2: this conversation. We're going to be talking about separation of families, 24 00:01:26,880 --> 00:01:28,959 Speaker 2: We're going to be talking about death unfortunately, we're going 25 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:32,400 Speaker 2: to talk about rape and survivor later in these episodes. 26 00:01:32,560 --> 00:01:34,600 Speaker 1: So we're going to put that caveat here. 27 00:01:35,200 --> 00:01:38,959 Speaker 2: Just the fact that it is a relevant topic today 28 00:01:39,360 --> 00:01:42,000 Speaker 2: is traumatic in itself. We know that world issues are bad, 29 00:01:42,120 --> 00:01:47,039 Speaker 2: so yeah, traumatic and believe us we feel that pain. 30 00:01:47,800 --> 00:01:48,360 Speaker 1: Yeah. 31 00:01:48,400 --> 00:01:51,040 Speaker 2: And also because it is ever changing, and because we 32 00:01:51,080 --> 00:01:53,920 Speaker 2: know things are coming out very rapidly with a lot 33 00:01:53,960 --> 00:01:57,160 Speaker 2: of information and misinformation and disinformation, we did want to 34 00:01:57,160 --> 00:02:02,000 Speaker 2: put a timestamp. We are recording on February sixth, twenty six, 35 00:02:03,280 --> 00:02:06,720 Speaker 2: and these episodes again will be split and actually are 36 00:02:06,760 --> 00:02:09,640 Speaker 2: going to be recorded separately as well, because you know, 37 00:02:10,080 --> 00:02:12,760 Speaker 2: I need we need breaks in between some of these subjects, y'all. 38 00:02:13,360 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 2: It's a lot, oh yeah, and there's and also to 39 00:02:16,639 --> 00:02:20,280 Speaker 2: the detriment, I have probably fifty tabs open. 40 00:02:23,040 --> 00:02:27,320 Speaker 1: Nightmares that yeah, that is a nightmare nightmares. 41 00:02:27,240 --> 00:02:29,880 Speaker 2: And also into sites that I don't want. 42 00:02:29,720 --> 00:02:33,079 Speaker 1: To be on. Yes, Oh my gosh, someone needs to 43 00:02:33,120 --> 00:02:35,040 Speaker 1: pay me conversation just for that. I don't get paid 44 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:36,720 Speaker 1: enough for that. We don't get paid enough for that, 45 00:02:36,840 --> 00:02:40,080 Speaker 1: the trauma of research. I tried to I've brought that 46 00:02:40,120 --> 00:02:42,600 Speaker 1: point up at a meeting. What's believe you me? 47 00:02:45,120 --> 00:02:47,680 Speaker 2: Did they say we have a program for you. You can 48 00:02:47,720 --> 00:02:49,320 Speaker 2: get therapy a couple a couple times a year. 49 00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:54,639 Speaker 1: Honestly, they didn't take me seriously at all about the Lord, 50 00:02:54,960 --> 00:02:57,360 Speaker 1: of course they didn't. Well with all of that. 51 00:02:57,480 --> 00:03:00,120 Speaker 2: Yes, we are going to delve into the history and 52 00:03:00,200 --> 00:03:02,079 Speaker 2: kind of bring us up to date on how these 53 00:03:02,160 --> 00:03:06,000 Speaker 2: organizations came about and the history of protecting the borders, 54 00:03:06,120 --> 00:03:08,560 Speaker 2: as they would love to say. So when we talk 55 00:03:08,600 --> 00:03:11,800 Speaker 2: about ICE, we have to talk about the origins of 56 00:03:12,120 --> 00:03:15,120 Speaker 2: the beginnings. So in fact, Ice is young, a younger 57 00:03:15,120 --> 00:03:18,280 Speaker 2: than many of us, literally twenty three years old, so 58 00:03:18,480 --> 00:03:21,400 Speaker 2: super young. So again what we would call maybe barely 59 00:03:21,480 --> 00:03:23,760 Speaker 2: legal how we like to say, you know, legal to 60 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:28,639 Speaker 2: drink in the US, that is barely an adult could 61 00:03:28,639 --> 00:03:31,120 Speaker 2: be a crime anyway, moving on, But the fear mongering 62 00:03:31,280 --> 00:03:36,040 Speaker 2: of invaders have been in place way before then. It 63 00:03:36,160 --> 00:03:38,960 Speaker 2: wasn't until the incident of September eleventh, nine to eleven 64 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:41,880 Speaker 2: that we heighten the rhetoric. So in order for us 65 00:03:41,920 --> 00:03:44,200 Speaker 2: to keep update on this history, we have to talk 66 00:03:44,240 --> 00:03:48,560 Speaker 2: about the creation of US Customs and Border Control, which 67 00:03:48,600 --> 00:03:51,520 Speaker 2: has been around since the beginning of the colonization of 68 00:03:51,560 --> 00:03:54,960 Speaker 2: the United States. So I will say we did not 69 00:03:55,080 --> 00:03:58,800 Speaker 2: delve into what it looked like for the Native Indigenous 70 00:03:58,800 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 2: people here, which we've probably will come back to later on. 71 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:05,520 Speaker 2: But this started getting longer and longer and longer because 72 00:04:06,320 --> 00:04:10,520 Speaker 2: talking about the old school customs and borders, patrol and 73 00:04:11,080 --> 00:04:16,000 Speaker 2: protection to ice and DHS today really got long. Yeah, 74 00:04:16,320 --> 00:04:19,440 Speaker 2: because September eleventh, we know, was a really stark moment 75 00:04:19,560 --> 00:04:22,840 Speaker 2: in our history, and there's a lot of things that 76 00:04:22,880 --> 00:04:26,480 Speaker 2: we have to talk about with that, but we don't 77 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:31,560 Speaker 2: want to ignore the fact that with that beginning, Yes, 78 00:04:31,600 --> 00:04:36,200 Speaker 2: it definitely affected the Indigenous people, and it disregarded them 79 00:04:36,240 --> 00:04:39,040 Speaker 2: as the first people's obviously, and whether or not they 80 00:04:39,080 --> 00:04:41,720 Speaker 2: deserve protection or they deserved a voice to begin with, 81 00:04:41,880 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 2: but that's again another episode we'll have to come back to. 82 00:04:46,680 --> 00:04:50,600 Speaker 2: So let's talk about US Customs and Border Control. So 83 00:04:50,640 --> 00:04:54,440 Speaker 2: they began in seventeen eighty nine, but were actually known 84 00:04:54,480 --> 00:04:57,360 Speaker 2: as the US State's Custom Service and according to the 85 00:04:57,440 --> 00:05:00,400 Speaker 2: DHS site, when I say DHS Department of Homelands Security 86 00:05:00,440 --> 00:05:03,760 Speaker 2: site from twenty sixteen. This was established in July of 87 00:05:03,839 --> 00:05:08,200 Speaker 2: seventeen eighty nine by President George Washington and was headed 88 00:05:08,240 --> 00:05:13,279 Speaker 2: by the first Collectors of Customs or now known as commissioners. 89 00:05:13,560 --> 00:05:15,360 Speaker 2: But I think the Collectors of Customs is a more 90 00:05:15,400 --> 00:05:17,160 Speaker 2: fitting title, and I kind of wish they kept that 91 00:05:17,640 --> 00:05:21,360 Speaker 2: because it's a better descriptor. Anyway, it was General Lincoln 92 00:05:21,440 --> 00:05:24,640 Speaker 2: and General Lamb who were the first people, and from 93 00:05:24,680 --> 00:05:30,359 Speaker 2: their portraits, they were well fed and accustomed to cushy life, y'all. 94 00:05:30,480 --> 00:05:33,240 Speaker 2: They were not uncomfortable in the least, and they seemed 95 00:05:33,360 --> 00:05:36,200 Speaker 2: pretty smug about it and the portraits, if I have 96 00:05:36,279 --> 00:05:38,440 Speaker 2: to say so myself, maybe I'm looking a little too 97 00:05:38,520 --> 00:05:40,160 Speaker 2: into it. But if y'all want to go look at 98 00:05:40,160 --> 00:05:43,040 Speaker 2: that site, you should, because it was like an anniversary of. 99 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:45,560 Speaker 1: Yeah. 100 00:05:45,960 --> 00:05:50,719 Speaker 2: Anyway, So from the DHS site, they write, the US 101 00:05:50,800 --> 00:05:53,880 Speaker 2: custom Service holds an important place in our nation's history. 102 00:05:54,120 --> 00:05:56,440 Speaker 2: For its first one hundred years, the service was the 103 00:05:56,440 --> 00:06:00,679 Speaker 2: primary source of funds for the growing US government. Yeah, 104 00:06:00,760 --> 00:06:03,919 Speaker 2: it was all about that money. They were trying to 105 00:06:03,960 --> 00:06:08,080 Speaker 2: get that money. So from Wikipedia, because the history wasn't 106 00:06:08,160 --> 00:06:13,400 Speaker 2: so easy to find, y'all. Weirdly, whatever, they write that 107 00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:16,760 Speaker 2: due to the cost of the American Revolutionary War, Washington 108 00:06:16,839 --> 00:06:19,160 Speaker 2: needed to get money, and so with the help of 109 00:06:19,200 --> 00:06:23,000 Speaker 2: the first US Congress, they passed the Tariff Act on 110 00:06:23,080 --> 00:06:27,120 Speaker 2: July fourth, seventeen eighty nine, which tax the hell out 111 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:30,800 Speaker 2: of important goods, and with that they soon established the 112 00:06:30,920 --> 00:06:33,960 Speaker 2: US Customs Service. So that was the beginning. They just 113 00:06:34,040 --> 00:06:35,760 Speaker 2: needed that money, and this is what they're going to do. 114 00:06:35,800 --> 00:06:37,960 Speaker 2: The imports, the teriffs, which. 115 00:06:37,800 --> 00:06:39,640 Speaker 1: We've heard a lot about recently. 116 00:06:40,680 --> 00:06:43,080 Speaker 2: And for over one hundred years it was the primary 117 00:06:43,080 --> 00:06:45,800 Speaker 2: funds for the entire government, and it continued to grow, 118 00:06:45,880 --> 00:06:49,160 Speaker 2: purchasing land, you know, all the alien purchase acts if 119 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:51,520 Speaker 2: you remember, you remember, and soon they became the law 120 00:06:51,600 --> 00:06:55,560 Speaker 2: enforcement officers. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Again from 121 00:06:55,560 --> 00:06:59,440 Speaker 2: that Wikipedia site, they said Customs special Agents investigated smuggling, 122 00:06:59,520 --> 00:07:04,799 Speaker 2: an other biolations of customs, narcotics, and revenue laws. Custom 123 00:07:04,839 --> 00:07:08,799 Speaker 2: inspectors were uniformed officers at airports, seaports, and land border 124 00:07:08,880 --> 00:07:12,480 Speaker 2: ports of entry who inspected people and vehicles entering the 125 00:07:12,600 --> 00:07:17,200 Speaker 2: US for contraband and dutiable merchandise. Customs patrol officers conducted 126 00:07:17,280 --> 00:07:20,520 Speaker 2: uniformed and plane closed patrol. Other borders on land, see 127 00:07:20,520 --> 00:07:24,920 Speaker 2: and air to deter smuggling and apprehended smugglers. So Lamb 128 00:07:24,960 --> 00:07:27,960 Speaker 2: and Lincoln were both posted at the Canadian border. One 129 00:07:28,040 --> 00:07:29,960 Speaker 2: was posted at the New York port and the other 130 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:32,080 Speaker 2: one was I believe in the Florida ports, so that 131 00:07:32,240 --> 00:07:35,360 Speaker 2: they had their areas to make sure they were getting 132 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:38,560 Speaker 2: those monies, because you know, we needed those money so 133 00:07:38,640 --> 00:07:40,679 Speaker 2: we can buy and take land from people. 134 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:41,080 Speaker 1: Why not? 135 00:07:41,560 --> 00:07:44,720 Speaker 2: So how did the Department of Homeland Security begin? We're 136 00:07:44,720 --> 00:07:47,960 Speaker 2: going to use an article from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, 137 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:52,080 Speaker 2: and Medicine that's titled Terrorism Reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses, 138 00:07:52,320 --> 00:07:54,840 Speaker 2: which was a US Russian ROOS proceedings. So it kind 139 00:07:54,840 --> 00:07:57,240 Speaker 2: of tells you the history of what is happening. And 140 00:07:57,280 --> 00:07:59,240 Speaker 2: this one is a little bit dated, like two thousand 141 00:07:59,240 --> 00:08:02,360 Speaker 2: and four, but I wanted us to look at the 142 00:08:02,440 --> 00:08:05,600 Speaker 2: historical response of the Department. And again, like I said, 143 00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:07,440 Speaker 2: it continues with some of the follow ups and will 144 00:08:07,440 --> 00:08:09,560 Speaker 2: come back with some of the changes. But a lot 145 00:08:09,600 --> 00:08:11,520 Speaker 2: of these articles are going to be a little older 146 00:08:11,640 --> 00:08:14,240 Speaker 2: because when September eleventh happened, it was in two thousand 147 00:08:14,240 --> 00:08:16,560 Speaker 2: and one, and a lot of responses came from that. 148 00:08:16,720 --> 00:08:19,560 Speaker 2: So this article is from two thousand and four, and yeah, 149 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:21,240 Speaker 2: we're going to read a little bit from them. 150 00:08:21,760 --> 00:08:25,080 Speaker 1: Yes, so from their chapter on the DHS. Here's what 151 00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:28,920 Speaker 1: they write. Quote. In the early nineteen nineties, Americans increasingly 152 00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:32,400 Speaker 1: became concerned about terrorism on our soil. This concern was 153 00:08:32,440 --> 00:08:35,360 Speaker 1: fueled by the World Trade Center bombing in nineteen ninety three, 154 00:08:35,600 --> 00:08:38,720 Speaker 1: the Oklahoma City bombing, and the discovery of a bomb 155 00:08:38,760 --> 00:08:42,040 Speaker 1: at the Atlanta Olympics in nineteen ninety four. Moreover, it 156 00:08:42,080 --> 00:08:45,600 Speaker 1: became increasingly evident to the American public that terrorism had 157 00:08:45,640 --> 00:08:49,319 Speaker 1: a growing, sophisticated and global reach, a perception fueled by 158 00:08:49,360 --> 00:08:52,520 Speaker 1: overseas events such as the bombings in nineteen ninety eight 159 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:56,480 Speaker 1: of the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania and subsequent 160 00:08:56,520 --> 00:08:59,760 Speaker 1: bombing that power was devolving from the nation states to 161 00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:04,080 Speaker 1: the individual and to transnational or sub national groups and organizations, 162 00:09:04,440 --> 00:09:08,280 Speaker 1: That individuals and disaffected groups were seeking and might gain 163 00:09:08,320 --> 00:09:13,400 Speaker 1: access to weapons of mass destruction, and that globalization, free trade, 164 00:09:13,520 --> 00:09:17,679 Speaker 1: and the expansion of democratic regimes provided a relatively unregulated 165 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:21,320 Speaker 1: environment for terrorists and criminal groups worldwide. 166 00:09:21,640 --> 00:09:26,000 Speaker 2: Right, So, I think those explanations is a good beginning again, 167 00:09:26,120 --> 00:09:28,920 Speaker 2: we also don't really mention, even though this is about 168 00:09:29,160 --> 00:09:33,120 Speaker 2: the US Russian proceedings, we don't mention the Cold War necessarily, 169 00:09:33,200 --> 00:09:35,120 Speaker 2: but it does get mentioned later on, and I think 170 00:09:35,120 --> 00:09:38,120 Speaker 2: we might bring it back up that the US as 171 00:09:38,160 --> 00:09:41,360 Speaker 2: seen as a superpower because they were able to help 172 00:09:42,360 --> 00:09:46,240 Speaker 2: end the Cold War supposedly, as well as bring about 173 00:09:46,360 --> 00:09:50,480 Speaker 2: peace by putting in our own armies into different countries. 174 00:09:50,679 --> 00:09:54,079 Speaker 2: So there's this level of conversation about who is targeting whom, 175 00:09:54,320 --> 00:09:58,520 Speaker 2: and because the US has become seen as a big power, 176 00:09:59,040 --> 00:10:02,520 Speaker 2: they think that people are after the US. To be fair, also, 177 00:10:02,559 --> 00:10:06,080 Speaker 2: the US has done a lot in historical contexts to 178 00:10:06,280 --> 00:10:10,080 Speaker 2: other countries that they want to retaliate for. So not 179 00:10:10,160 --> 00:10:14,319 Speaker 2: saying any of these tragedies are warranted, but that there's 180 00:10:14,360 --> 00:10:19,720 Speaker 2: a cause and effect here that we don't always talk about. Yeah, 181 00:10:19,760 --> 00:10:22,720 Speaker 2: so there's been talks of upgrading defenses and trying to 182 00:10:22,760 --> 00:10:26,080 Speaker 2: counter outside threats for a long time. That may have 183 00:10:26,080 --> 00:10:29,440 Speaker 2: been encouraged by the US with this response as the 184 00:10:29,440 --> 00:10:33,080 Speaker 2: then perceived idea of being a superpower, and it's been 185 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:35,200 Speaker 2: here for a while. I also want to talk about 186 00:10:35,200 --> 00:10:38,600 Speaker 2: the fact that a couple of these bombings were domestic terror, 187 00:10:39,360 --> 00:10:42,040 Speaker 2: so they weren't even from outside. The people who perpetrated 188 00:10:42,200 --> 00:10:44,400 Speaker 2: one of them was named McVeigh. I was very ashamed 189 00:10:44,400 --> 00:10:47,760 Speaker 2: of that. I had to fight that. Yeah, I had 190 00:10:47,760 --> 00:10:48,160 Speaker 2: to hide that. 191 00:10:48,200 --> 00:10:49,920 Speaker 1: I wouldn't. I went to Oklahoma, y'all. 192 00:10:50,480 --> 00:10:54,680 Speaker 2: I think a few years later, like not a decade later, 193 00:10:54,720 --> 00:10:56,319 Speaker 2: a few years later, and I was like, that is 194 00:10:56,360 --> 00:10:58,760 Speaker 2: not we don't spell it's the same. It's not the same. 195 00:10:59,640 --> 00:11:02,160 Speaker 2: But it was like in response as a white power dude. 196 00:11:02,160 --> 00:11:05,880 Speaker 2: So just leaving that there, you know. Then the attack 197 00:11:05,880 --> 00:11:08,439 Speaker 2: on September eleventh of two thousand and one happened, and 198 00:11:08,480 --> 00:11:12,560 Speaker 2: for those who may have forgotten it, which the theme 199 00:11:12,640 --> 00:11:15,400 Speaker 2: is never forgot, but you know, this has been a minute, 200 00:11:15,840 --> 00:11:18,679 Speaker 2: here's a quick rundown. On that day, four commercial passenger 201 00:11:18,760 --> 00:11:22,439 Speaker 2: planes were hijacked by Islamic extremists al Qaeda and attacked 202 00:11:22,480 --> 00:11:24,920 Speaker 2: several targets in the US, the World Trade Center in 203 00:11:24,960 --> 00:11:27,760 Speaker 2: New York City, the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and then 204 00:11:27,800 --> 00:11:33,000 Speaker 2: another plane that crashed near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, that had been intercepted. Essentially, 205 00:11:33,040 --> 00:11:37,439 Speaker 2: people on the plane prevented it from its goal, and 206 00:11:37,679 --> 00:11:40,960 Speaker 2: we held those people as heroes. This tragically killed around 207 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:45,120 Speaker 2: three thousand people in these attacks. The current president at 208 00:11:45,120 --> 00:11:48,840 Speaker 2: the time, George W. Bush, made a speech declaring war 209 00:11:48,920 --> 00:11:52,640 Speaker 2: on terror and soon after created the DHS, or Department 210 00:11:52,679 --> 00:11:55,840 Speaker 2: of Homeland Securities. According to some reports, the idea of 211 00:11:55,840 --> 00:11:59,800 Speaker 2: the DHS was a brainchild of VP Cheney. Yeah, there's 212 00:11:59,800 --> 00:12:02,880 Speaker 2: a lot of lore and legacy behind these two. 213 00:12:03,760 --> 00:12:06,360 Speaker 1: Old w Oh. Yeah, I don't know. 214 00:12:06,679 --> 00:12:08,160 Speaker 2: I just want to put that out there again about 215 00:12:08,160 --> 00:12:12,000 Speaker 2: how Cheney shot a man and had the dude the victim, 216 00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:13,240 Speaker 2: actually apologized to him. 217 00:12:13,679 --> 00:12:17,960 Speaker 1: That still threw me off. Funnily enough, recently, on my 218 00:12:18,040 --> 00:12:21,520 Speaker 1: food podcast Saver, we did an episode on Quail and 219 00:12:21,559 --> 00:12:27,640 Speaker 1: I was like, oh, yeah, right. I was like, I 220 00:12:27,800 --> 00:12:32,120 Speaker 1: wasn't expecting to reread about this today and we're talking 221 00:12:32,160 --> 00:12:35,760 Speaker 1: about it again. I know, Wow, we are in sync. 222 00:12:36,400 --> 00:12:37,839 Speaker 1: That's true. Guess it's true. 223 00:12:38,480 --> 00:12:42,960 Speaker 2: But yeah, Like, this dude, from what we understand, did 224 00:12:43,000 --> 00:12:47,160 Speaker 2: have a lot of influence in this administration and this 225 00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:49,760 Speaker 2: was his brainchild. So with the shock and trauma of 226 00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:52,920 Speaker 2: the attacks, the opportunity to push the new department was perfect, 227 00:12:53,040 --> 00:12:55,920 Speaker 2: and it was done very quickly. A recently published paper 228 00:12:55,960 --> 00:12:59,439 Speaker 2: from Jason A. Thomas from Binghamton University talks a bit 229 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:03,160 Speaker 2: about this his paper titled The Future Arrives on Flight 230 00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:06,400 Speaker 2: eleven nine to eleven The Crisis of Meaning and Disinformation 231 00:13:06,520 --> 00:13:08,679 Speaker 2: in the twenty first Century. And I'm gonna put the 232 00:13:08,679 --> 00:13:10,439 Speaker 2: caveat here, and I think I'm gonna repeat it again 233 00:13:10,800 --> 00:13:14,680 Speaker 2: at the end of what we talk about here. There 234 00:13:14,720 --> 00:13:18,960 Speaker 2: are tons of conspiracy theories behind what happened with the 235 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:20,240 Speaker 2: September eleventh attack. 236 00:13:20,480 --> 00:13:22,679 Speaker 1: Many of them are misinformed or disinformation. 237 00:13:23,160 --> 00:13:26,600 Speaker 2: Many of them have eyebrows people like eh. But also 238 00:13:26,920 --> 00:13:29,600 Speaker 2: many of them are not too far off in that 239 00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:36,120 Speaker 2: politicians use it to their advantage. So I think we 240 00:13:36,200 --> 00:13:39,120 Speaker 2: want to It's hard to navigate through some of this, 241 00:13:39,640 --> 00:13:45,600 Speaker 2: especially today, because either it was completely dismissed as again 242 00:13:45,840 --> 00:13:51,200 Speaker 2: conspiracy and that people are not thinking right, or oh, 243 00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:54,439 Speaker 2: it is so far ingrained that this is all about 244 00:13:54,440 --> 00:13:59,080 Speaker 2: protection that has also become misinformation. The amount of people 245 00:13:59,320 --> 00:14:01,840 Speaker 2: I can't remember the statistics, but I remember the rise 246 00:14:02,080 --> 00:14:06,040 Speaker 2: of those who enlisted after nine to eleven because of 247 00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:09,680 Speaker 2: this conversation of like protecting the country but also vengeance. 248 00:14:10,440 --> 00:14:12,280 Speaker 1: So we're just going to put that there. 249 00:14:12,360 --> 00:14:15,280 Speaker 2: But back to this quote, he writes, in the immediate 250 00:14:15,320 --> 00:14:18,400 Speaker 2: aftermath was a declaration of war which authorized the US 251 00:14:18,440 --> 00:14:21,640 Speaker 2: to engage in military action against all who were deemed 252 00:14:21,640 --> 00:14:24,800 Speaker 2: to have quote, planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist 253 00:14:24,840 --> 00:14:27,520 Speaker 2: attacks that occurred on September eleventh, two thousand and one, 254 00:14:27,960 --> 00:14:33,120 Speaker 2: or harbored such organizations or persons. This so called war 255 00:14:33,200 --> 00:14:35,960 Speaker 2: on terror was accompanied by a restructuring of the US 256 00:14:36,120 --> 00:14:40,720 Speaker 2: national security infrastructure, which resulted in national defense spending increasing 257 00:14:40,720 --> 00:14:43,160 Speaker 2: more than fifty percent, from three hundred and fifty four 258 00:14:43,160 --> 00:14:46,400 Speaker 2: billion to about five hundred and forty seven billion dollars. 259 00:14:46,440 --> 00:14:50,400 Speaker 1: And it continues. Most notable among the changes was the 260 00:14:50,400 --> 00:14:53,640 Speaker 1: creation of the Department of Homeland Security, an idea that 261 00:14:53,680 --> 00:14:56,440 Speaker 1: was proposed by Vice President Cheney as soon as three 262 00:14:56,560 --> 00:15:00,280 Speaker 1: days following the attacks. The breadth of the response the 263 00:15:00,360 --> 00:15:03,760 Speaker 1: US government to this occurrence establishes nine to eleven as 264 00:15:03,800 --> 00:15:08,280 Speaker 1: a geopolitical shock event of significant proportions. On top of 265 00:15:08,320 --> 00:15:13,120 Speaker 1: catalyzing a war and restructuring of the US's national security apparatus. 266 00:15:13,320 --> 00:15:16,440 Speaker 1: The significance of the attacks is reflected and the epistemic 267 00:15:16,480 --> 00:15:20,640 Speaker 1: effects on the US that have emerged since. Geopolitical shock 268 00:15:20,640 --> 00:15:23,840 Speaker 1: events cause rapid shifts through the political status quo through 269 00:15:23,880 --> 00:15:28,040 Speaker 1: their ability to introduce a novel opportunity for discourse, and 270 00:15:28,240 --> 00:15:30,960 Speaker 1: prompt the construction of new narratives. 271 00:15:31,640 --> 00:15:35,240 Speaker 2: So Thomas's writing brings into question the usage and harms 272 00:15:35,240 --> 00:15:37,880 Speaker 2: of misinformation with the help of the nine to eleven attacks. 273 00:15:38,480 --> 00:15:41,400 Speaker 2: They talk specifically about the harm of the nine to 274 00:15:41,400 --> 00:15:44,360 Speaker 2: eleven truthers. I do remember this term. Do you remember 275 00:15:44,400 --> 00:15:46,360 Speaker 2: that term nine eleven truthers? 276 00:15:46,520 --> 00:15:48,240 Speaker 1: I don't remember the term, but I know what you're 277 00:15:48,240 --> 00:15:50,720 Speaker 1: talking about. Yeah, they add a whole page to the 278 00:15:51,000 --> 00:15:54,720 Speaker 1: man dedicated page. Yeah, which, if you were alive. 279 00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:57,480 Speaker 2: When I was alive with the occurds, you probably have 280 00:15:57,560 --> 00:15:59,280 Speaker 2: heard of these theories. Again, we kind of talked about 281 00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:01,920 Speaker 2: it earlier, whether it was the government who arranged for 282 00:16:01,960 --> 00:16:03,960 Speaker 2: this to happen, or that the government knew it was 283 00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:07,600 Speaker 2: going to happen and allowed it to or in the 284 00:16:07,640 --> 00:16:11,080 Speaker 2: reddick of the government calling specific countries the nexus of evil. 285 00:16:11,280 --> 00:16:13,640 Speaker 1: I remember watching this speech. Did you watch this speech, 286 00:16:14,520 --> 00:16:22,520 Speaker 1: George Bush? George w I'm sure I probably heard it. Yeah, 287 00:16:22,560 --> 00:16:24,840 Speaker 1: Like I probably heard like clips from it. I was 288 00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:27,200 Speaker 1: very big into the Daily Show at that at that time, 289 00:16:27,680 --> 00:16:29,840 Speaker 1: so I probably saw it part of it. 290 00:16:30,880 --> 00:16:33,680 Speaker 2: Yeah, but yeah, I remember this pitch calling like countries. 291 00:16:34,320 --> 00:16:36,400 Speaker 2: The nexus of evil North Korea was but it have 292 00:16:36,400 --> 00:16:39,280 Speaker 2: been there. I was like, Okay, that's interesting. And the 293 00:16:39,400 --> 00:16:41,720 Speaker 2: usage of the term of a war on terror, which 294 00:16:41,760 --> 00:16:43,640 Speaker 2: I remember when I first heard this because I was 295 00:16:43,840 --> 00:16:46,680 Speaker 2: freshly in college, I had taken a break. I was 296 00:16:46,960 --> 00:16:51,400 Speaker 2: in a different state when everything went down hearing that, 297 00:16:51,440 --> 00:16:53,760 Speaker 2: because we were all scared, and I was very much 298 00:16:53,760 --> 00:16:56,680 Speaker 2: of my religious moments. I was like real religious at 299 00:16:56,720 --> 00:17:00,200 Speaker 2: this point, and so I was praying, scared. All the 300 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:02,600 Speaker 2: cell phone usage went down the day of the attack. 301 00:17:03,360 --> 00:17:05,040 Speaker 2: You could not get hardly get a hold of anybody 302 00:17:05,080 --> 00:17:07,000 Speaker 2: because everybody was freaking out trying to get to each 303 00:17:07,040 --> 00:17:09,080 Speaker 2: other the first cell phone. 304 00:17:09,119 --> 00:17:10,359 Speaker 1: We've talked about that before. 305 00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:13,639 Speaker 2: And people knew that Atlanta was going to be the 306 00:17:13,640 --> 00:17:16,440 Speaker 2: next target because the CDC was there and that could 307 00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:18,720 Speaker 2: cause like massive biohazard. 308 00:17:18,840 --> 00:17:21,040 Speaker 1: Like there was a whole lot of things happening. 309 00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:25,560 Speaker 2: But the minute he like declared war on an area, 310 00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:29,360 Speaker 2: which didn't make sense, everybody was like, wait, Iraq, Yeah, 311 00:17:29,440 --> 00:17:31,560 Speaker 2: I don't why are we attacking Iraq? 312 00:17:31,600 --> 00:17:34,520 Speaker 1: I thought he was, and I forget what. 313 00:17:34,960 --> 00:17:37,800 Speaker 2: And then saying it's a war on terror, which at 314 00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:40,040 Speaker 2: the same time we were having the war on drugs 315 00:17:40,119 --> 00:17:43,439 Speaker 2: and all of these euphemisms for the evil that you're like, 316 00:17:43,680 --> 00:17:45,120 Speaker 2: what are we targeting? Then? 317 00:17:45,480 --> 00:17:47,400 Speaker 1: Who who are we targeting? 318 00:17:47,560 --> 00:17:50,960 Speaker 2: So they definitely were using jargon in order to bring 319 00:17:50,960 --> 00:17:55,800 Speaker 2: in morale for and support in this in this moment. Again, 320 00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:57,840 Speaker 2: like I said, it kind of worked because again the 321 00:17:57,840 --> 00:18:00,320 Speaker 2: amount of people who enlisted and went into the military 322 00:18:00,359 --> 00:18:03,159 Speaker 2: after that was pretty astounding. They turned this from like 323 00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:07,600 Speaker 2: being protection into being like revenge and vengeance and to 324 00:18:07,760 --> 00:18:12,440 Speaker 2: attack whole countries and even innocent bystanders, again saying if 325 00:18:12,440 --> 00:18:15,040 Speaker 2: you're even associated with it, if you've been around, if 326 00:18:15,040 --> 00:18:18,520 Speaker 2: the people are there, that they became targets as well. 327 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:20,639 Speaker 1: For the group of al Qaida. 328 00:18:20,920 --> 00:18:23,199 Speaker 2: It was a horrifying moment seeing what was happening and 329 00:18:23,200 --> 00:18:26,000 Speaker 2: trying to figure out how this was actually protecting the country. 330 00:18:26,240 --> 00:18:29,159 Speaker 2: And again, my conservative self at that time still questioned 331 00:18:29,160 --> 00:18:32,680 Speaker 2: it too, going wait what why? 332 00:18:33,359 --> 00:18:34,960 Speaker 1: Literally I was like I don't. 333 00:18:36,320 --> 00:18:37,960 Speaker 2: And then I got really upset, and I think I 334 00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:40,280 Speaker 2: remember crying that my older brother was going to be enlisted. 335 00:18:41,480 --> 00:18:41,800 Speaker 2: I did. 336 00:18:42,680 --> 00:18:44,359 Speaker 1: I'm gonna just remember that moment because I was. 337 00:18:44,320 --> 00:18:46,399 Speaker 2: Like, they're all going to war. M h. 338 00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:47,920 Speaker 1: That was a big moment. 339 00:18:48,600 --> 00:19:02,080 Speaker 2: Was we touched a lot of misinformation being used as 340 00:19:02,080 --> 00:19:04,760 Speaker 2: a political attack on the show, like you can see 341 00:19:04,960 --> 00:19:08,720 Speaker 2: many of probably all the episodes with bridget Yeah, we're 342 00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:12,280 Speaker 2: talking about all of that. And here Thomas specifically talks 343 00:19:12,280 --> 00:19:14,720 Speaker 2: about the origins of some of the usage of misinformation 344 00:19:14,960 --> 00:19:18,280 Speaker 2: which has led us to today again DHS. He writes, quote, 345 00:19:18,320 --> 00:19:20,639 Speaker 2: the crisis and book cases have opened the door for 346 00:19:20,720 --> 00:19:24,440 Speaker 2: misinformation as a viable political strategy due to the loss 347 00:19:24,480 --> 00:19:29,600 Speaker 2: of a guiding principle for the construction of future political aspirations. Furthermore, 348 00:19:29,600 --> 00:19:32,960 Speaker 2: there are two responses that are symptomatic of this crisis 349 00:19:33,080 --> 00:19:35,639 Speaker 2: having arrived in the United States, the War on Terror 350 00:19:35,720 --> 00:19:38,719 Speaker 2: and the movement for nine to eleven truth. As previously mentioned, 351 00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:42,200 Speaker 2: the rhetoric of war on Terror and accompanying moralistic language 352 00:19:42,200 --> 00:19:45,400 Speaker 2: by Bush relied on the effective contagion caused by nine 353 00:19:45,440 --> 00:19:49,159 Speaker 2: to eleven and caused epistemic harm through discouraging investigation and 354 00:19:49,240 --> 00:19:53,080 Speaker 2: leaving Americans unable to parse through the decades of context 355 00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:56,199 Speaker 2: leading up to the attacks. Now, this context is that 356 00:19:56,240 --> 00:20:00,760 Speaker 2: same conversation we were having with the superpowers, weapons of 357 00:20:00,800 --> 00:20:05,879 Speaker 2: mass destruction, the continued use against immigrants, the whole level. 358 00:20:06,400 --> 00:20:09,679 Speaker 2: Now with that we talk about immigration, We're talking a 359 00:20:09,720 --> 00:20:12,600 Speaker 2: lot more about Muslim and Southeast Asian people who are 360 00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:15,879 Speaker 2: discriminated against based on the nine to eleven attacks. So 361 00:20:16,640 --> 00:20:19,560 Speaker 2: this leads to the continued, as I said, misleading of 362 00:20:19,560 --> 00:20:22,040 Speaker 2: where we are today and the usage of departments like 363 00:20:22,119 --> 00:20:26,280 Speaker 2: DHS and of fear and racism to protect the borders. 364 00:20:26,359 --> 00:20:28,480 Speaker 2: You know, we love that phrase, protect the borders. The 365 00:20:28,600 --> 00:20:33,680 Speaker 2: rampant increase of Islamophobia after nine to eleven was alarming, astounding. 366 00:20:34,320 --> 00:20:37,920 Speaker 2: Many Muslim Americans reported being profiled and harassed soon after 367 00:20:37,920 --> 00:20:41,119 Speaker 2: the incident. To be clear, the Islamophobic attitude in the 368 00:20:41,240 --> 00:20:46,920 Speaker 2: US was not new at the time. It just increased substantially, 369 00:20:47,280 --> 00:20:49,679 Speaker 2: so it has already been a thing. People are already 370 00:20:49,680 --> 00:20:54,800 Speaker 2: criticizing Muslims in general. We know the whole adage of 371 00:20:55,720 --> 00:20:58,720 Speaker 2: when we hear it today like Muslims are anti women, 372 00:20:58,880 --> 00:21:02,919 Speaker 2: our anti queer, these things which can be true just 373 00:21:03,040 --> 00:21:06,159 Speaker 2: like any other religions, and just like any other religions, 374 00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:08,800 Speaker 2: there are extremist groups, as we see in the US 375 00:21:08,840 --> 00:21:14,840 Speaker 2: with the anti trans movement. So according to one committee, 376 00:21:14,840 --> 00:21:17,920 Speaker 2: the American Arab Anti Discrimination Committee, there was over seven 377 00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:21,320 Speaker 2: hundred cases of hate crimes against the Muslim community within 378 00:21:21,359 --> 00:21:24,680 Speaker 2: the first nine weeks after nine to eleven and ten 379 00:21:24,760 --> 00:21:27,359 Speaker 2: years after the incident. After nine to eleven, a Pew 380 00:21:27,400 --> 00:21:31,199 Speaker 2: research showed that at least forty percent of Americans believed 381 00:21:31,320 --> 00:21:34,320 Speaker 2: that there was strong support of extremist terrorists Muslim groups 382 00:21:34,480 --> 00:21:38,200 Speaker 2: by the Muslim Americans in the country. So if you're Muslim, 383 00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:41,000 Speaker 2: that must mean you're an extremist supporter and wants the 384 00:21:41,119 --> 00:21:45,280 Speaker 2: downfall of the US essentially is what it comes down to. 385 00:21:45,680 --> 00:21:47,960 Speaker 2: And in twenty twenty two, there was a paper written 386 00:21:47,960 --> 00:21:51,600 Speaker 2: by Jenny Lebowitz. She quotes different research papers that interviewed 387 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:54,679 Speaker 2: young Muslim students in the US who spoke about their 388 00:21:54,720 --> 00:21:56,919 Speaker 2: experiences after nine to eleven and how they had to 389 00:21:56,960 --> 00:22:00,560 Speaker 2: deal with the harassment and tension with their schools. Again, 390 00:22:00,640 --> 00:22:03,600 Speaker 2: it wasn't just in the schools or just among the population, 391 00:22:03,880 --> 00:22:07,840 Speaker 2: but also by the politicians to bring extreme biases from 392 00:22:08,040 --> 00:22:12,920 Speaker 2: their constituents. They love these platforms. We know this, we 393 00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:16,639 Speaker 2: see this, we're seeing this. So in this paper she 394 00:22:16,760 --> 00:22:19,280 Speaker 2: expounds on the experiences of the youth at the time 395 00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:22,040 Speaker 2: and even the discrimination they faced by their teachers and 396 00:22:22,080 --> 00:22:25,400 Speaker 2: the administration. As in the government administration and the school administration. 397 00:22:26,240 --> 00:22:29,320 Speaker 2: She talked about the way they the courses were taught 398 00:22:29,400 --> 00:22:33,280 Speaker 2: and how oftentimes the portrayal of the extremists was used 399 00:22:33,320 --> 00:22:36,639 Speaker 2: as a way of discriminating against the Muslim youth and 400 00:22:36,720 --> 00:22:40,280 Speaker 2: their families. So it was like, see example here, you're Muslim, 401 00:22:40,800 --> 00:22:43,840 Speaker 2: don't you think this is your fault? Type of conversation. 402 00:22:44,480 --> 00:22:47,840 Speaker 1: Yeah, And the new policies put into place after the 403 00:22:47,880 --> 00:22:52,439 Speaker 1: attacks only worsened the experience. Quote. It is not merely 404 00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:55,760 Speaker 1: from peers, educators, and school staff that Arab American youth 405 00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:59,440 Speaker 1: are subjected to discrimination, but through government agencies as well. 406 00:22:59,800 --> 00:23:04,240 Speaker 1: The USA Patriot Act Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing 407 00:23:04,280 --> 00:23:08,560 Speaker 1: appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism, was put 408 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:11,639 Speaker 1: into action shortly after the September eleventh attacks for the 409 00:23:11,680 --> 00:23:15,639 Speaker 1: purpose of improving national security by increasing the powers of 410 00:23:15,720 --> 00:23:20,440 Speaker 1: federal agencies to conduct searches, use electronic surveillance to intercept 411 00:23:20,480 --> 00:23:26,520 Speaker 1: communication both nationally and internationally, and detain suspected terrorists. Many 412 00:23:26,560 --> 00:23:30,600 Speaker 1: have found this political policy to encroach on several liberties. However, 413 00:23:30,640 --> 00:23:32,720 Speaker 1: at the time, many citizens felt that the Act was 414 00:23:32,760 --> 00:23:35,560 Speaker 1: a compromise for the purpose of a safer nation. The 415 00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:38,919 Speaker 1: Pew Research Center found that Initially, forty nine percent of 416 00:23:38,960 --> 00:23:42,840 Speaker 1: Americans agreed that it was acceptable and wise to sacrifice 417 00:23:42,880 --> 00:23:46,840 Speaker 1: individual freedoms and ensure national security. 418 00:23:48,920 --> 00:23:51,199 Speaker 2: And I think that's where we are today. Maybe I 419 00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:55,680 Speaker 2: think we are falling back a little bit, not necessarily 420 00:23:55,760 --> 00:24:00,320 Speaker 2: with just the Muslim community, but obviously any brown and 421 00:24:00,359 --> 00:24:03,679 Speaker 2: black community people. They are saying, you know, it's fine, 422 00:24:03,720 --> 00:24:06,399 Speaker 2: we can infringe on their human rights because it's gonna 423 00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:10,920 Speaker 2: save all of us. Yeah, every time I hear sentences 424 00:24:10,960 --> 00:24:14,440 Speaker 2: like that, I have to pause, be like, what how 425 00:24:14,520 --> 00:24:17,959 Speaker 2: far are you willing to let this go? And do 426 00:24:18,040 --> 00:24:22,199 Speaker 2: you really think it's protecting you? Spoiler alert No, now 427 00:24:22,240 --> 00:24:24,639 Speaker 2: she does say that. Just a few years later, the 428 00:24:24,720 --> 00:24:28,879 Speaker 2: approval dropped by eleven percent, so the people started to realize, wait, 429 00:24:29,200 --> 00:24:33,080 Speaker 2: maybe not, maybe not. The ideology was slowly turning by 430 00:24:33,080 --> 00:24:36,159 Speaker 2: that time. But that obviously did not stop the policies 431 00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:39,679 Speaker 2: put into place, as we see some of the repercussions today. 432 00:24:40,520 --> 00:24:44,160 Speaker 2: So during this time, strict and stringent processes were required 433 00:24:44,160 --> 00:24:47,000 Speaker 2: for many of the Muslim majority countries. So they were 434 00:24:47,040 --> 00:24:50,000 Speaker 2: targeting and they still are by the way, these being 435 00:24:50,119 --> 00:24:53,679 Speaker 2: countries Muslim countries, new forms of surveillance were used to 436 00:24:53,760 --> 00:24:56,720 Speaker 2: keep tabs on everybody who might be seen as a threat. 437 00:24:57,040 --> 00:25:01,560 Speaker 2: Muslim informants were used to watch over Muslim people for 438 00:25:01,640 --> 00:25:05,199 Speaker 2: the FBI. Many were discouraged from wearing their religious clothing 439 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:08,280 Speaker 2: like turbans or h jobs in fear of discrimination, and 440 00:25:08,359 --> 00:25:11,760 Speaker 2: many were deported or detained based on being racially profiled, 441 00:25:12,480 --> 00:25:15,320 Speaker 2: or many were just deterred from trying to obtain visas 442 00:25:15,400 --> 00:25:19,480 Speaker 2: or citizenships due to the difficult process. I feel like 443 00:25:19,520 --> 00:25:21,399 Speaker 2: this is also where we put the caveat When people 444 00:25:21,440 --> 00:25:25,359 Speaker 2: say do it the right way, they don't understand the 445 00:25:25,480 --> 00:25:28,040 Speaker 2: level of process that they have to go through and 446 00:25:28,200 --> 00:25:32,879 Speaker 2: the years it can take, yeah, to actually be able 447 00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:33,480 Speaker 2: to get it. 448 00:25:33,840 --> 00:25:36,120 Speaker 1: Years, Like people have waited twenty thirty years. 449 00:25:36,400 --> 00:25:38,840 Speaker 2: Yeah, as in like they put their application in and 450 00:25:38,880 --> 00:25:40,679 Speaker 2: have to check in every year, but they never. 451 00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:42,560 Speaker 1: Get to go through officially. 452 00:25:43,560 --> 00:25:45,800 Speaker 2: Yeah. And those are the same people who've been a 453 00:25:45,840 --> 00:25:46,960 Speaker 2: lot of them have been detained. 454 00:25:47,160 --> 00:25:47,400 Speaker 1: Again. 455 00:25:47,440 --> 00:25:50,480 Speaker 2: This will be a later subject, but just saying so. 456 00:25:51,160 --> 00:25:54,800 Speaker 2: It was during this time in SEERS or the National 457 00:25:54,800 --> 00:25:59,040 Speaker 2: Security Entry Exit Registration System was implemented to help screen 458 00:25:59,080 --> 00:26:04,240 Speaker 2: out any foreign threats. Oh what a novel, idea, y'all novel. 459 00:26:05,320 --> 00:26:08,320 Speaker 2: Through this program, the government stated they would root out 460 00:26:08,400 --> 00:26:12,359 Speaker 2: terrorists from the start. So from the American Immigration Council 461 00:26:12,400 --> 00:26:15,040 Speaker 2: dot org article. This is also from two thousand and four. 462 00:26:15,520 --> 00:26:18,440 Speaker 2: This is at a media after they write this. Attorney 463 00:26:18,480 --> 00:26:22,400 Speaker 2: General Ashcroft announced in seers in June two thousand and two, 464 00:26:22,440 --> 00:26:25,840 Speaker 2: describing it as a response to the nine to eleven attacks. 465 00:26:26,119 --> 00:26:26,520 Speaker 1: Quote. 466 00:26:26,840 --> 00:26:30,680 Speaker 2: In this new war, our enemies platoons infiltrate our borders, 467 00:26:30,840 --> 00:26:34,000 Speaker 2: quietly blending in with the visiting tourists, students, and workers. 468 00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:37,960 Speaker 2: Ashcroft said, they move unnoticed through our cities, neighborhoods, and 469 00:26:38,000 --> 00:26:41,919 Speaker 2: public spaces. Their tactics rely on evading recognition at the 470 00:26:41,920 --> 00:26:47,120 Speaker 2: border and escaping the tension within the United States. Their 471 00:26:47,200 --> 00:26:50,840 Speaker 2: terrorist mission is to defeat America, destroy our values, and 472 00:26:50,920 --> 00:26:55,879 Speaker 2: kill innocent people in seris. He said, we'll expand substantially 473 00:26:56,240 --> 00:26:59,240 Speaker 2: America's scrutiny of those foreign visitors who may pose a 474 00:26:59,320 --> 00:27:02,720 Speaker 2: national security concern and enter our country, and it will 475 00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:06,680 Speaker 2: provide a vital line of defense in the war against terrorism. 476 00:27:07,760 --> 00:27:09,080 Speaker 2: Spoiler alert, it did not. 477 00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:11,080 Speaker 1: It did not. 478 00:27:11,359 --> 00:27:14,800 Speaker 2: So during the Obama administration, the program was scrapped in 479 00:27:14,840 --> 00:27:19,720 Speaker 2: twenty eleven, but was replaced by US Visit and We're 480 00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:21,880 Speaker 2: not going to go into that. What we can tell 481 00:27:21,920 --> 00:27:25,160 Speaker 2: you is it has its own similar issues and it's 482 00:27:25,200 --> 00:27:28,520 Speaker 2: not as effective. It was a little less intense. Again, 483 00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:32,000 Speaker 2: but by the way in SEERS I say it was scrapped, 484 00:27:32,160 --> 00:27:34,800 Speaker 2: it could actually be reinstated at any time. It was 485 00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:40,879 Speaker 2: just put on hiatus, as some people might say. So 486 00:27:40,960 --> 00:27:46,240 Speaker 2: there's a lot to be noted here, and again we're 487 00:27:46,240 --> 00:27:49,640 Speaker 2: not focusing too much on these programs. But like I said, 488 00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:54,240 Speaker 2: it was not a good program. It was so unforgiving 489 00:27:54,840 --> 00:27:57,679 Speaker 2: that it turned away a good like one tenth of 490 00:27:57,720 --> 00:28:04,359 Speaker 2: those who were looking for asylum help and profiled many many. 491 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:05,679 Speaker 1: People in SEARS. 492 00:28:05,760 --> 00:28:08,000 Speaker 2: Was originally overseen by the DOJ so because it was 493 00:28:08,080 --> 00:28:11,000 Speaker 2: created before DHS, But in two thousand and three it 494 00:28:11,119 --> 00:28:13,520 Speaker 2: was switched to be under the Department of Homeland Security, 495 00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:17,000 Speaker 2: so they had to shift things around with the new department, right. 496 00:28:17,560 --> 00:28:21,160 Speaker 1: Yeah, And going back to the DHS, it was created 497 00:28:21,240 --> 00:28:23,600 Speaker 1: in response to what we just talked about in two 498 00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:28,239 Speaker 1: thousand and two under the Homeland Security Act. It is 499 00:28:28,480 --> 00:28:31,760 Speaker 1: a federal executive cabinet and in it they tackle relations 500 00:28:31,800 --> 00:28:37,440 Speaker 1: like quote, counter terrorism, border security, cybersecurity, immigration and customs, 501 00:28:37,480 --> 00:28:41,560 Speaker 1: and disaster prevention. Preparedness and management. The DHS is headed 502 00:28:41,600 --> 00:28:44,800 Speaker 1: by the Secretary of Homeland Security and headquartered in Washington, DC. 503 00:28:45,840 --> 00:28:50,440 Speaker 1: And this information is from Cornell University Law School site. 504 00:28:50,720 --> 00:28:54,040 Speaker 2: Right, So back to that National Academy's article, there's a 505 00:28:54,040 --> 00:28:56,360 Speaker 2: bit more detail. They write, the creation of the new 506 00:28:56,440 --> 00:29:00,000 Speaker 2: department constitutes the most substantial reorganization of the federal government 507 00:29:00,160 --> 00:29:03,240 Speaker 2: agencies since the National Security Act of nineteen forty seven, 508 00:29:03,600 --> 00:29:06,920 Speaker 2: which placed the different military departments under a Secretary of 509 00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:10,800 Speaker 2: Defense and created the National Security Council in SC and 510 00:29:11,080 --> 00:29:15,640 Speaker 2: Central Intelligence Agency CIA. Again, we're not going into all 511 00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:19,360 Speaker 2: of that either, man trying to If we were trying 512 00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:23,320 Speaker 2: to break down the US government and these types of services. 513 00:29:22,840 --> 00:29:27,000 Speaker 1: I think we'd be a here for years. Years. 514 00:29:27,720 --> 00:29:30,800 Speaker 2: So when we look at the emerging Department of Homeland Security, 515 00:29:30,840 --> 00:29:34,760 Speaker 2: we see that it incorporated twenty two government agencies and 516 00:29:34,840 --> 00:29:37,160 Speaker 2: some one hundred and seventy nine thousand people into a 517 00:29:37,160 --> 00:29:41,160 Speaker 2: single organization. This is again from the National Academy's article. 518 00:29:41,560 --> 00:29:44,400 Speaker 2: So they continue with we also see an organization with 519 00:29:44,440 --> 00:29:47,440 Speaker 2: a proposed budget for the fiscal year two thousand and 520 00:29:47,480 --> 00:29:50,840 Speaker 2: four of thirty six point two billion dollars, roughly one 521 00:29:50,880 --> 00:29:53,400 Speaker 2: tenth the size of the nation's military defense budget, which 522 00:29:53,400 --> 00:29:55,680 Speaker 2: is three hundred and eighty billion at the time. Note 523 00:29:55,680 --> 00:29:58,640 Speaker 2: that overall these amounts constitute roughly a seven percent jump 524 00:29:58,680 --> 00:30:02,720 Speaker 2: in the domestic defense spending. And those figures come from 525 00:30:02,760 --> 00:30:06,280 Speaker 2: again two thousand and four. The spending today is much 526 00:30:06,320 --> 00:30:09,840 Speaker 2: more than that. Just for the anti immigration enforcement that 527 00:30:09,960 --> 00:30:12,960 Speaker 2: was included in the Big Beautiful Bill Act, which we 528 00:30:13,040 --> 00:30:16,400 Speaker 2: have not talked about yet. They were granted one hundred 529 00:30:16,400 --> 00:30:20,600 Speaker 2: and seventy billion dollars, not just the thirty six point 530 00:30:20,640 --> 00:30:24,800 Speaker 2: two billion, just so you know, and what is that funding. 531 00:30:25,880 --> 00:30:27,960 Speaker 1: Let's talk about it now, you ready. 532 00:30:29,080 --> 00:30:32,880 Speaker 2: So the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement, along with Customs, 533 00:30:32,880 --> 00:30:36,360 Speaker 2: Border Protection and Patrol are the big winners here. They 534 00:30:36,400 --> 00:30:39,160 Speaker 2: get in the money. These two departments that are under 535 00:30:39,240 --> 00:30:41,760 Speaker 2: DHS have made huge waves. 536 00:30:41,840 --> 00:30:43,160 Speaker 1: We know this. So who are they? 537 00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:46,400 Speaker 2: So this is from the ICE dot gov site. We're 538 00:30:46,400 --> 00:30:49,479 Speaker 2: going to get some direct information from them, okay, And 539 00:30:49,520 --> 00:30:51,600 Speaker 2: this is what they write. ICE was created in two 540 00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:54,440 Speaker 2: thousand and three through a merger of investigative and interior 541 00:30:54,560 --> 00:30:57,880 Speaker 2: enforcement elements of the former US Custom Service and the 542 00:30:57,920 --> 00:31:02,600 Speaker 2: Immigration and Naturalization Service. So the overall department has changed 543 00:31:02,800 --> 00:31:06,400 Speaker 2: through its existence again a bit more information from a 544 00:31:06,440 --> 00:31:10,360 Speaker 2: Forum together dot org. In recent years, ISIS activities have 545 00:31:10,440 --> 00:31:14,840 Speaker 2: increasingly focused on interior immigration enforcement. In fiscal year two 546 00:31:14,840 --> 00:31:17,800 Speaker 2: thousand and nine, ICE made two hundred ninety seven thousand, 547 00:31:17,880 --> 00:31:21,719 Speaker 2: eight hundred and ninety eight arrests for violations of immigration laws, 548 00:31:22,000 --> 00:31:27,800 Speaker 2: and the number declined each year through fiscal year twenty sixteen, 549 00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:32,280 Speaker 2: until the trend reversed between fiscal year twenty sixteen and 550 00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:35,840 Speaker 2: fiscal year twenty seventeen, where arrests climbed from one hundred 551 00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:38,640 Speaker 2: and eleven thousand, one hundred and four to one hundred 552 00:31:38,640 --> 00:31:41,560 Speaker 2: and forty three thousand, four hundred and seventy The number 553 00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:45,080 Speaker 2: of individuals apprehended without a criminal record has been increasing 554 00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:49,240 Speaker 2: under the Trump administration. On average, four one hundred and 555 00:31:49,280 --> 00:31:52,600 Speaker 2: forty three undocumented immigrants without a criminal record have been 556 00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:56,840 Speaker 2: arrested each month since January twenty seventeen, more than double 557 00:31:56,880 --> 00:31:59,040 Speaker 2: the one thousand, seven hundred and three per month average 558 00:31:59,120 --> 00:32:02,720 Speaker 2: during the November and December of twenty sixteen. ICE also 559 00:32:02,840 --> 00:32:06,120 Speaker 2: detains immigrants through its management of the nation's civil immigration 560 00:32:06,280 --> 00:32:10,440 Speaker 2: tension system. In addition, ICE works with other agencies to 561 00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:14,440 Speaker 2: carry out the detention, enforcement and placement of undocumented children 562 00:32:14,520 --> 00:32:18,560 Speaker 2: and adults. The agency works closely with Customs and Bordered 563 00:32:18,560 --> 00:32:22,760 Speaker 2: Protection CBP, whose officers enforced immigration law at the borders 564 00:32:22,880 --> 00:32:26,240 Speaker 2: and port of entries. Specifically, ICE also works with the 565 00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:30,480 Speaker 2: Department of Health and Human Services HHS Office of Refugee 566 00:32:30,480 --> 00:32:35,000 Speaker 2: Resettlement ARR, which assumed the responsibility of detaining and caring 567 00:32:35,040 --> 00:32:40,840 Speaker 2: for unaccompanied migrant children after I was restructured. So those 568 00:32:41,320 --> 00:32:45,960 Speaker 2: this specific rapport from FORUM together was from twenty seventeen, 569 00:32:46,760 --> 00:32:49,720 Speaker 2: So this is about a ten year old report. I 570 00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:51,920 Speaker 2: am not putting any of the newer numbers yet. We're 571 00:32:51,960 --> 00:32:54,000 Speaker 2: going to put that in its own section, but we 572 00:32:54,080 --> 00:32:56,360 Speaker 2: needed to talk about what has happened and why it 573 00:32:56,440 --> 00:32:59,960 Speaker 2: is growing. Also, you can kind of see the difference 574 00:33:00,240 --> 00:33:03,120 Speaker 2: between CBP and ICE here and we're gonna get We're 575 00:33:03,120 --> 00:33:05,000 Speaker 2: gonna talk about CVP in a minute, because I think 576 00:33:05,040 --> 00:33:08,240 Speaker 2: we need to talk about the differentiation and why they're blending, 577 00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:11,800 Speaker 2: because it is tactical. So now under ICE there are 578 00:33:11,840 --> 00:33:15,360 Speaker 2: specific offices as well. For specifically, they are the Enforcement 579 00:33:15,440 --> 00:33:18,160 Speaker 2: and Removal Operations e r O, who I think we 580 00:33:18,200 --> 00:33:20,160 Speaker 2: see a lot on the news, a lot more than 581 00:33:20,520 --> 00:33:25,040 Speaker 2: the others. Then we have Homeland Security Investigation HSI, Office 582 00:33:25,040 --> 00:33:28,120 Speaker 2: of Principal Legal Advisors op LA in the Office of 583 00:33:28,160 --> 00:33:32,680 Speaker 2: Professional Responsibility. So I will say the UH, op l 584 00:33:32,760 --> 00:33:34,880 Speaker 2: A and OPR are the ones that are supposed to 585 00:33:34,920 --> 00:33:38,200 Speaker 2: be overseeing like cases to help I. 586 00:33:38,240 --> 00:33:41,080 Speaker 1: Believe refugees and migrants. 587 00:33:41,480 --> 00:33:43,560 Speaker 2: I think I'm gonna say, if I had to give 588 00:33:43,560 --> 00:33:46,400 Speaker 2: them a grade, it's an fus F minus. 589 00:33:46,400 --> 00:33:46,680 Speaker 1: Is there. 590 00:33:46,760 --> 00:33:49,640 Speaker 2: Yes, So the main focus of much of the conversation 591 00:33:49,680 --> 00:33:52,320 Speaker 2: again lies with E R O, who are behind the 592 00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:55,520 Speaker 2: arrest and large scale raids. Of course, they do have 593 00:33:55,680 --> 00:33:59,600 Speaker 2: assistance currently from other sectors, so other like the hsi's 594 00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:00,960 Speaker 2: also helping them as well as. 595 00:34:00,920 --> 00:34:01,880 Speaker 1: Are kind of coming together. 596 00:34:02,560 --> 00:34:06,200 Speaker 2: Their mission is quote to identify, arrest, and remove aliens 597 00:34:06,280 --> 00:34:09,279 Speaker 2: who present a danger to national security or are a 598 00:34:09,400 --> 00:34:12,160 Speaker 2: risk for public safety, as well as those who enter 599 00:34:12,200 --> 00:34:16,040 Speaker 2: the United States illegally or otherwise undermine the integrity of 600 00:34:16,080 --> 00:34:20,640 Speaker 2: our immigration laws and our border control efforts. I don't 601 00:34:20,680 --> 00:34:23,600 Speaker 2: think the first two parts really matter to them. So 602 00:34:24,400 --> 00:34:27,120 Speaker 2: this sector is also in charge of overseeing and managing 603 00:34:27,200 --> 00:34:30,560 Speaker 2: of immigration detention centers as well. And I'm not going 604 00:34:30,600 --> 00:34:32,719 Speaker 2: to mention well, I am going to mention obviously, I'm 605 00:34:32,719 --> 00:34:37,319 Speaker 2: mentioning it the private sectors that are involved in this 606 00:34:37,400 --> 00:34:39,880 Speaker 2: as well. We're going to talk more about the specific 607 00:34:39,920 --> 00:34:43,080 Speaker 2: detention centers in our part two maybe part three who 608 00:34:43,120 --> 00:34:46,080 Speaker 2: Knows and specifically talk about what that looks like and 609 00:34:46,200 --> 00:34:48,640 Speaker 2: why we need to be watching them, and also the 610 00:34:48,680 --> 00:34:50,960 Speaker 2: new ones that are popping up everywhere. I believe we're 611 00:34:50,960 --> 00:34:52,400 Speaker 2: about to get a couple of new ones here in 612 00:34:53,040 --> 00:34:56,640 Speaker 2: Georgia as well, but there's a lot to be seen. 613 00:34:57,000 --> 00:34:58,839 Speaker 2: They are supposed to be overseeing it, but they're also 614 00:34:58,840 --> 00:35:01,440 Speaker 2: supposed to be overseen by federal government as well. I 615 00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:04,080 Speaker 2: guess the federal government, mRNA. 616 00:35:05,440 --> 00:35:10,000 Speaker 1: They suck. Just why they suck? 617 00:35:10,800 --> 00:35:16,200 Speaker 2: If you're interested, because I was questioned in a becoming 618 00:35:16,239 --> 00:35:18,640 Speaker 2: an officer specifically for the ro O. This is what 619 00:35:18,840 --> 00:35:22,240 Speaker 2: USA jobs dot gov, which is the federal job sites require. 620 00:35:23,200 --> 00:35:27,040 Speaker 2: Condition of employment, you must be a US citizen. You 621 00:35:27,080 --> 00:35:30,080 Speaker 2: must successfully pass a background investigation, which it doesn't really 622 00:35:30,120 --> 00:35:34,800 Speaker 2: imply what that looks like, complete the initial online assessment 623 00:35:34,800 --> 00:35:38,799 Speaker 2: and USA Higher Assessment if required. You must completely pass 624 00:35:38,840 --> 00:35:41,160 Speaker 2: a pre employment drug test as a condition of employment. 625 00:35:41,200 --> 00:35:44,560 Speaker 2: Employees are a subject to drug tests throughout. Males born 626 00:35:44,640 --> 00:35:48,600 Speaker 2: after December thirty one fifty nine must certify registration with 627 00:35:48,680 --> 00:35:52,600 Speaker 2: selective Service. I actually don't know what that is. No, either, 628 00:35:53,280 --> 00:35:54,640 Speaker 2: I don't know if that's something to do with like 629 00:35:54,960 --> 00:36:01,120 Speaker 2: enlistment or like enlisting the probationary period. 630 00:36:01,560 --> 00:36:04,400 Speaker 1: They have a. 631 00:36:03,440 --> 00:36:09,200 Speaker 2: Mandatory pre employment physical fitness test, doll, I wonder what 632 00:36:09,239 --> 00:36:11,359 Speaker 2: that looks like. I will say, as the person who 633 00:36:11,360 --> 00:36:13,279 Speaker 2: worked with the Department of Juneral Justice, we also had 634 00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:13,719 Speaker 2: to do that. 635 00:36:14,280 --> 00:36:17,120 Speaker 1: It wasn't that hard, so that just to not. 636 00:36:17,160 --> 00:36:20,719 Speaker 2: Be noted requirement to obtain and maintain a secret clearance. 637 00:36:21,960 --> 00:36:24,120 Speaker 2: I feel like that's not true. But we'll say you'll 638 00:36:24,160 --> 00:36:26,680 Speaker 2: be required to carry a firearm while performing the duties 639 00:36:26,719 --> 00:36:31,640 Speaker 2: and maintaining firearm proficiency. It's also mandatory you have to travel. 640 00:36:32,000 --> 00:36:36,120 Speaker 2: Travel is required. I think we know that, complete a 641 00:36:36,120 --> 00:36:43,040 Speaker 2: pre employment medical examination and if referred a polygraph. I 642 00:36:43,040 --> 00:36:45,640 Speaker 2: find all of these things like, okay, it doesn't even 643 00:36:45,640 --> 00:36:50,240 Speaker 2: talk about education. They do say you get higher if 644 00:36:50,360 --> 00:36:53,160 Speaker 2: the more education you get, like the pay grade, the 645 00:36:53,200 --> 00:36:56,160 Speaker 2: grade kind of like a military if you have certain level, 646 00:36:56,680 --> 00:36:58,839 Speaker 2: you can get pretty high if you have one year 647 00:36:58,840 --> 00:37:00,520 Speaker 2: of college. 648 00:37:00,640 --> 00:37:03,279 Speaker 1: But I didn't see anyway acquired a high school diploma either. 649 00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:07,360 Speaker 1: Though I didn't see it. I know I mentioned this 650 00:37:07,760 --> 00:37:13,120 Speaker 1: very much in passing because you were asking me about YouTube, 651 00:37:13,200 --> 00:37:16,560 Speaker 1: and like, I consume a lot of YouTube and recently 652 00:37:16,960 --> 00:37:18,680 Speaker 1: because usually like a lot of times I'll put on 653 00:37:19,160 --> 00:37:21,719 Speaker 1: I don't know, like a thunderstorm anything like that, but 654 00:37:21,760 --> 00:37:24,080 Speaker 1: I don't have I don't pay for the fancy YouTube 655 00:37:24,080 --> 00:37:27,040 Speaker 1: where you don't get ads. But I've had to stop 656 00:37:27,080 --> 00:37:30,319 Speaker 1: watching YouTube because there are ads for ice and there's 657 00:37:30,440 --> 00:37:36,759 Speaker 1: nothing like having your relaxing thunderstorm and then being outrage 658 00:37:38,200 --> 00:37:41,200 Speaker 1: by an ad for ICE. But in it they've been 659 00:37:41,200 --> 00:37:43,840 Speaker 1: they're like, oh, you can get all these great benefits. 660 00:37:43,880 --> 00:37:46,399 Speaker 1: It's pretty easy to get in. Like I'm kind of like. 661 00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:49,640 Speaker 2: Yeah, essentially, it is easy, And we're going to talk 662 00:37:49,680 --> 00:37:52,320 Speaker 2: a little bit more and then the next part about 663 00:37:52,360 --> 00:37:56,200 Speaker 2: the benefits that he is promising, that government is promising, 664 00:37:56,440 --> 00:37:59,000 Speaker 2: as well as who who was actually applying, because we 665 00:37:59,040 --> 00:38:01,879 Speaker 2: do have some rles for that. But also we'll come 666 00:38:01,880 --> 00:38:04,080 Speaker 2: back with the fact that on Reddit right now, a 667 00:38:04,120 --> 00:38:06,359 Speaker 2: lot of those people who are hired are angry because 668 00:38:06,400 --> 00:38:12,560 Speaker 2: they aren't being given those promise rewards or the war 669 00:38:12,640 --> 00:38:14,120 Speaker 2: rewards that have to be like you have to invest 670 00:38:14,160 --> 00:38:14,760 Speaker 2: in ten years. 671 00:38:15,360 --> 00:38:17,560 Speaker 1: Yeah, it doesn't surprise me. 672 00:38:18,000 --> 00:38:21,360 Speaker 2: Also, interestingly, I don't know if this is true. This 673 00:38:21,520 --> 00:38:23,600 Speaker 2: is just a side note for those who are calling 674 00:38:23,640 --> 00:38:27,000 Speaker 2: in reporting and getting all these like from like crime stoppers. 675 00:38:27,360 --> 00:38:30,600 Speaker 2: I don't think anyone's ever actually paid out these rewards 676 00:38:32,040 --> 00:38:34,719 Speaker 2: from what I understood that there's statistically no one gets 677 00:38:34,760 --> 00:38:36,920 Speaker 2: paid out because you have to do these certain things 678 00:38:36,960 --> 00:38:39,560 Speaker 2: and they make sure you have a disqualifier or even 679 00:38:39,560 --> 00:38:55,239 Speaker 2: if those tips are credible. Moving on, I will say 680 00:38:55,239 --> 00:39:00,160 Speaker 2: I couldn't find their values on here and for drama, 681 00:39:00,719 --> 00:39:05,319 Speaker 2: Paulity for drama. But here's their missions and vision. So 682 00:39:05,360 --> 00:39:08,840 Speaker 2: they say mission protect America through criminal investigation and enforce 683 00:39:08,960 --> 00:39:12,080 Speaker 2: immigration laws to preserve national security and public safety, which 684 00:39:12,120 --> 00:39:14,040 Speaker 2: is not true because we know they profile that's not 685 00:39:14,120 --> 00:39:15,200 Speaker 2: a criminal investigation. 686 00:39:15,800 --> 00:39:17,080 Speaker 1: Yeah, just put out there. 687 00:39:17,360 --> 00:39:20,640 Speaker 2: But their vision is this DHS premier law enforcement agency, 688 00:39:21,080 --> 00:39:26,280 Speaker 2: mitigating transnational threats and safeguarding our nation and communities lawful immigration, trade, travel, 689 00:39:26,400 --> 00:39:27,840 Speaker 2: and financial systems. 690 00:39:29,520 --> 00:39:30,560 Speaker 1: I don't know that's true. 691 00:39:32,280 --> 00:39:35,280 Speaker 2: I don't think your vision is coming true, my friend. 692 00:39:36,320 --> 00:39:39,000 Speaker 1: My enemy, Go back to your vision board. Go back 693 00:39:39,040 --> 00:39:42,840 Speaker 1: to the vision board. Yes, and we can't ignore the 694 00:39:42,920 --> 00:39:47,160 Speaker 1: usage of the current CBP though they are seemingly used 695 00:39:47,160 --> 00:39:51,000 Speaker 1: for the same agenda. There are some differences. Here's a 696 00:39:51,000 --> 00:39:54,280 Speaker 1: bit from yahoo dot com quote. Customs and Border Protection 697 00:39:54,440 --> 00:39:57,759 Speaker 1: focuses on protecting US land, air, and sea borders and 698 00:39:57,800 --> 00:40:00,520 Speaker 1: controlling the flow of goods across the border. It has 699 00:40:00,600 --> 00:40:04,080 Speaker 1: agents stationed at three hundred and twenty eight US ports entry, 700 00:40:04,080 --> 00:40:08,680 Speaker 1: including airport, seaports, and land border crossings, where they screen cargo, 701 00:40:08,840 --> 00:40:12,520 Speaker 1: packages and foreign visitors. US Border Patrol is an arm 702 00:40:12,560 --> 00:40:16,759 Speaker 1: of Customs and Border Protection. The agency includes field, air, 703 00:40:16,840 --> 00:40:20,239 Speaker 1: and marine operations, as well as tactical units. Immigrations and 704 00:40:20,280 --> 00:40:24,280 Speaker 1: custom Enforcement is tasked with identifying, arresting, and deporting immigrants 705 00:40:24,320 --> 00:40:28,759 Speaker 1: who are in the country illegally. They also conduct operations 706 00:40:28,760 --> 00:40:32,759 Speaker 1: to combat transnational crime and partner with local law enforcement agencies, 707 00:40:33,120 --> 00:40:35,040 Speaker 1: as they have throughout Florida. 708 00:40:35,560 --> 00:40:39,560 Speaker 2: I'm not really sure why Florida was mentioned, but I 709 00:40:39,560 --> 00:40:46,960 Speaker 2: guess I'm. 710 00:40:43,440 --> 00:40:47,840 Speaker 1: Sure there's a reason, and that's not I mean, obviously 711 00:40:47,840 --> 00:40:49,800 Speaker 1: it's going on everywhere. That's not a call out. 712 00:40:49,640 --> 00:40:54,000 Speaker 2: For but just saying for some reason, y'all was like 713 00:40:54,160 --> 00:40:55,480 Speaker 2: specifically in Florida. 714 00:40:55,600 --> 00:40:56,160 Speaker 1: Fair enough. 715 00:40:56,880 --> 00:40:59,480 Speaker 2: So. The CBP has changed quite a bit from its 716 00:40:59,520 --> 00:41:03,160 Speaker 2: origination in eighteen ninety one. We have the beginning of 717 00:41:03,200 --> 00:41:06,840 Speaker 2: immigration inspectors who collected immigration of rival records and whether 718 00:41:06,840 --> 00:41:09,759 Speaker 2: they could be admitted or rejected into the country, which 719 00:41:09,920 --> 00:41:13,399 Speaker 2: was created under the eighteen ninety one Immigration Act. Later, 720 00:41:13,520 --> 00:41:16,279 Speaker 2: this agency would be named the Bureau of Immigration and. 721 00:41:16,239 --> 00:41:18,319 Speaker 1: Would later be put together with a Bureau. 722 00:41:18,080 --> 00:41:23,200 Speaker 2: Of Naturalization Services as the Immigration and Naturalization Services or IONS. 723 00:41:23,440 --> 00:41:25,480 Speaker 1: I think everybody pretty much does what that is. 724 00:41:25,640 --> 00:41:28,640 Speaker 2: So it would be in nineteen twenty four that border 725 00:41:28,719 --> 00:41:32,319 Speaker 2: patrol agents would be created under the Immigration Bureau. Then 726 00:41:32,360 --> 00:41:34,880 Speaker 2: in two thousand and three, yes, two thousand and three, 727 00:41:35,040 --> 00:41:38,319 Speaker 2: when the IONS was dissolved, we have the beginning of 728 00:41:38,440 --> 00:41:43,319 Speaker 2: the CBP. Do that long again, nine to eleven, nine 729 00:41:43,360 --> 00:41:45,640 Speaker 2: to eleven, y'all. And I want to put this fun 730 00:41:45,719 --> 00:41:48,759 Speaker 2: fact here that this was created in nineteen twenty four 731 00:41:48,760 --> 00:41:52,000 Speaker 2: in Part two Prohibition. So this is from the CBP 732 00:41:52,160 --> 00:41:52,800 Speaker 2: side itself. 733 00:41:52,920 --> 00:41:53,359 Speaker 1: They say. 734 00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:58,080 Speaker 2: The eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, prohibiting the importation, transport, 735 00:41:58,120 --> 00:42:01,320 Speaker 2: and manufacture or sell of alcoholic beverage, went into effect 736 00:42:01,360 --> 00:42:04,880 Speaker 2: at midnight on January sixteenth, nineteen twenty With the passage 737 00:42:04,920 --> 00:42:08,279 Speaker 2: of this constitutional amendment and the numerical limits placed on 738 00:42:08,320 --> 00:42:11,160 Speaker 2: immigration to the United States by the Immigration Acts, of 739 00:42:11,239 --> 00:42:15,160 Speaker 2: nineteen twenty one and nineteen twenty four, border enforcement received 740 00:42:15,280 --> 00:42:19,600 Speaker 2: renewed attention from the government. The numerical limitations resulted in 741 00:42:19,640 --> 00:42:22,560 Speaker 2: people from around the world to try illegal entry if 742 00:42:22,560 --> 00:42:26,160 Speaker 2: attempts to enter legally failed. Therefore, the mission of the 743 00:42:26,160 --> 00:42:29,719 Speaker 2: border patrol became more important to the US government, and 744 00:42:30,120 --> 00:42:33,240 Speaker 2: they go on to say liquor smuggling was a major 745 00:42:33,320 --> 00:42:38,600 Speaker 2: concern because it too often accompanied alien smuggling. The majority 746 00:42:38,680 --> 00:42:41,760 Speaker 2: of the border patrol was assigned to the Canadian border. 747 00:42:42,200 --> 00:42:46,000 Speaker 2: Smuggling was commonplace along the Mexican border also, but whiskey 748 00:42:46,000 --> 00:42:49,920 Speaker 2: bootleggers avoided the bridges and slipped their forbidden cargo across 749 00:42:49,960 --> 00:42:52,480 Speaker 2: the Rio Grande by the way of pack mules along 750 00:42:52,520 --> 00:42:53,759 Speaker 2: the southern border. 751 00:42:58,400 --> 00:43:03,080 Speaker 1: Now replaced the abasion. I cannot stress enough how it 752 00:43:03,440 --> 00:43:05,279 Speaker 1: a big if an impact. It actually. 753 00:43:06,480 --> 00:43:09,439 Speaker 2: Really like the level of like, okay, and now coming 754 00:43:09,480 --> 00:43:11,800 Speaker 2: back into it, you understand that this is ridiculous. 755 00:43:11,800 --> 00:43:12,920 Speaker 1: This is a money making scheme. 756 00:43:13,280 --> 00:43:20,400 Speaker 2: Yeah yeah, even today, yeah yeah, okay. So soon they 757 00:43:20,400 --> 00:43:23,440 Speaker 2: would continue to expand their operations with new technology and 758 00:43:23,480 --> 00:43:27,120 Speaker 2: new ideology, with things like Operation Hold the Line, which 759 00:43:27,120 --> 00:43:29,839 Speaker 2: targeted El Paso as a dangerous areas with many quote 760 00:43:29,880 --> 00:43:33,160 Speaker 2: illegal border crossers, and in the early nineteen nineties and 761 00:43:33,239 --> 00:43:37,239 Speaker 2: soon was used to have anti smuggling units. So Border 762 00:43:37,280 --> 00:43:40,480 Speaker 2: Patrol ended up having these. But that would all change 763 00:43:40,560 --> 00:43:44,399 Speaker 2: once again September eleventh, two thousand and one, and as 764 00:43:44,440 --> 00:43:48,359 Speaker 2: an international traded overall travel grew rapidly, they brought this 765 00:43:48,480 --> 00:43:52,680 Speaker 2: organization from administrative to becoming federal law enforcement in the 766 00:43:52,680 --> 00:43:55,560 Speaker 2: twentieth century. And as it was once under the Department 767 00:43:55,600 --> 00:43:57,840 Speaker 2: of Treasury, because you know, it was about the money, 768 00:43:58,840 --> 00:44:00,879 Speaker 2: it was so would be passed on onto the law 769 00:44:00,960 --> 00:44:04,239 Speaker 2: enforcement under the new Department of Homeland Security. 770 00:44:04,280 --> 00:44:05,640 Speaker 1: So this is how we get them too. 771 00:44:06,880 --> 00:44:09,760 Speaker 2: Oh and if you're interested in applying for the CBP, 772 00:44:10,040 --> 00:44:14,120 Speaker 2: here are their requirements again, be US citizen, have a 773 00:44:14,200 --> 00:44:17,560 Speaker 2: valid non restrictive driver's license. Does that mean if you 774 00:44:17,600 --> 00:44:19,680 Speaker 2: have glasses, is that restrictive. 775 00:44:20,880 --> 00:44:25,560 Speaker 1: Restricted? I don't know. I think it just means sometimes 776 00:44:25,560 --> 00:44:27,880 Speaker 1: you get those points on your license. I don't know. Oh, okay, 777 00:44:27,920 --> 00:44:28,479 Speaker 1: I can't say. 778 00:44:29,000 --> 00:44:30,799 Speaker 2: You have to have resided in the US for at 779 00:44:30,840 --> 00:44:34,320 Speaker 2: least three of the last five years. They have to 780 00:44:34,360 --> 00:44:36,120 Speaker 2: be a US citizen. Maybe, I guess if you're a 781 00:44:36,480 --> 00:44:38,359 Speaker 2: I don't know. You have to be eligible to carry 782 00:44:38,400 --> 00:44:42,359 Speaker 2: a firearm. They have something about their birthday as well, 783 00:44:42,560 --> 00:44:46,080 Speaker 2: be willing to travel. You need to pass the application process. 784 00:44:46,200 --> 00:44:49,720 Speaker 2: You may be disqualified if your background includes illegal drugs 785 00:44:49,880 --> 00:44:54,240 Speaker 2: or selling of illegal drugs, convicted including UH misdemeanor domestic 786 00:44:54,280 --> 00:44:56,360 Speaker 2: violence charges which I think it may have been taken 787 00:44:56,360 --> 00:44:59,160 Speaker 2: off for the Ice people, by the way, that's not 788 00:44:59,239 --> 00:45:04,960 Speaker 2: a requirement, and international harboring or concealment of undocumented aliens. 789 00:45:07,840 --> 00:45:12,839 Speaker 1: Well, here are their core values. Vigilance is how we 790 00:45:12,920 --> 00:45:16,160 Speaker 1: ensure the safety of all Americans. We are continuously watchful 791 00:45:16,200 --> 00:45:19,080 Speaker 1: and alert to deter, detect, and prevent threats to our nation. 792 00:45:19,560 --> 00:45:23,040 Speaker 1: We demonstrate courage and valor in the protection of our nation. 793 00:45:23,800 --> 00:45:26,319 Speaker 1: Service to the country is embodied in the work we do. 794 00:45:26,840 --> 00:45:30,239 Speaker 1: We are dedicated to defending and upholding the Constitution of 795 00:45:30,280 --> 00:45:33,880 Speaker 1: the United States. The American people have entrusted us to 796 00:45:33,960 --> 00:45:38,920 Speaker 1: protect the homeland and defend liberty. Integrity is our cornerstone. 797 00:45:39,040 --> 00:45:42,719 Speaker 1: We are guided by the highest ethical and moral principles. 798 00:45:43,120 --> 00:45:49,000 Speaker 1: Our actions bring honor to ourselves and our agency. Wow, 799 00:45:49,120 --> 00:45:50,600 Speaker 1: I feel like those have changed. They might need to 800 00:45:50,640 --> 00:45:56,240 Speaker 1: change those. I have to say. I have some words 801 00:45:56,280 --> 00:45:58,279 Speaker 1: that I hear in any kind of thing like this, 802 00:45:58,440 --> 00:46:04,000 Speaker 1: and valor is one. No, that's code word. Whatever you're doing, 803 00:46:04,120 --> 00:46:07,799 Speaker 1: I'm not on board with it. Sound like a white 804 00:46:07,840 --> 00:46:11,160 Speaker 1: supermassist level a little bit. Yeah, Yeah, you're right, you're right. 805 00:46:11,400 --> 00:46:12,239 Speaker 1: It does feel like it. 806 00:46:12,560 --> 00:46:15,160 Speaker 2: So the two agencies do work hand in hand and 807 00:46:15,280 --> 00:46:17,920 Speaker 2: have many joint tasks force. In fact, the leaders of 808 00:46:17,920 --> 00:46:21,279 Speaker 2: several ICE positions have been given two Border patrol officers 809 00:46:21,400 --> 00:46:24,560 Speaker 2: and have since adopted their more aggressive tactics and arrests 810 00:46:24,560 --> 00:46:29,719 Speaker 2: and operations. So think black hawk helicopters, swat like like it, 811 00:46:29,800 --> 00:46:30,920 Speaker 2: swarming essentially. 812 00:46:31,040 --> 00:46:31,239 Speaker 1: Yeah. 813 00:46:31,600 --> 00:46:33,680 Speaker 2: So, here's a quote from an NBC News article written 814 00:46:33,719 --> 00:46:36,480 Speaker 2: in October of twenty twenty five. They write, the mentality 815 00:46:36,719 --> 00:46:39,879 Speaker 2: is CBP does what they're told, and the administration thinks 816 00:46:39,920 --> 00:46:42,240 Speaker 2: ICE isn't getting the job done. One of the DHS 817 00:46:42,280 --> 00:46:45,879 Speaker 2: officials said, so CBP will do it. The White House 818 00:46:45,920 --> 00:46:48,160 Speaker 2: has signed off on a list of at least a 819 00:46:48,239 --> 00:46:50,920 Speaker 2: dozen directors of ICE field officers who are set to 820 00:46:50,920 --> 00:46:54,920 Speaker 2: be reassigned in coming days. The two DHS officials, the 821 00:46:54,920 --> 00:46:57,959 Speaker 2: former DHS official and the federal law enforcement official said 822 00:46:58,360 --> 00:47:00,400 Speaker 2: they said that at least half of them will be 823 00:47:00,480 --> 00:47:04,439 Speaker 2: replaced with Border Patrol officials. ICE has twenty five field 824 00:47:04,440 --> 00:47:07,280 Speaker 2: offices around the country, so the move could replace nearly 825 00:47:07,360 --> 00:47:12,400 Speaker 2: half of the agency's leaders. So again, as it's become 826 00:47:12,480 --> 00:47:15,200 Speaker 2: more and more volatile, we see a little bit changing. 827 00:47:15,320 --> 00:47:19,759 Speaker 2: And it was on purpose. The government literally said ICE 828 00:47:19,840 --> 00:47:22,920 Speaker 2: is not doing it fast enough, hard enough, loud enough, 829 00:47:23,440 --> 00:47:26,200 Speaker 2: so we're bringing in Border Patrol, which already has this 830 00:47:26,280 --> 00:47:30,160 Speaker 2: type of reputation. Go ahead and put this caveat here 831 00:47:30,440 --> 00:47:32,360 Speaker 2: at the end of this, and then we'll bring it 832 00:47:32,360 --> 00:47:36,400 Speaker 2: back again when we do part two. The following statistics 833 00:47:36,440 --> 00:47:40,120 Speaker 2: the issues that the things that are happening today with 834 00:47:40,200 --> 00:47:43,640 Speaker 2: the state of immigration and the usage of government agencies, 835 00:47:45,160 --> 00:47:48,600 Speaker 2: and again the tactics being used are both ICE and CBP, 836 00:47:49,560 --> 00:47:52,400 Speaker 2: but right now the rhetoric is ICE. I think it's 837 00:47:53,760 --> 00:47:58,480 Speaker 2: kitchi to say Ice out, we joke because we're in 838 00:47:58,640 --> 00:48:02,280 Speaker 2: We're in drama all But essentially, when we talk about 839 00:48:02,320 --> 00:48:07,719 Speaker 2: what is happening, who is the center of these types 840 00:48:07,760 --> 00:48:13,839 Speaker 2: of operations, it is both Border Patrol and Immigration services, 841 00:48:14,040 --> 00:48:17,719 Speaker 2: and they are doing this together. The tactical level of 842 00:48:17,719 --> 00:48:21,920 Speaker 2: what we are seeing may be headed by seasoned people 843 00:48:22,160 --> 00:48:26,319 Speaker 2: like from Customs, Border Patrol, the ICE officers who are 844 00:48:26,320 --> 00:48:30,000 Speaker 2: coming in do not seem to be seasoned, who are 845 00:48:30,040 --> 00:48:35,719 Speaker 2: just following loosely these rules as they are playing it 846 00:48:35,800 --> 00:48:39,359 Speaker 2: by ear fast and the loose. So there's a lot 847 00:48:39,400 --> 00:48:42,360 Speaker 2: to be said. I know this is a lot of information, 848 00:48:43,440 --> 00:48:45,880 Speaker 2: but this is why we have split it up because 849 00:48:46,200 --> 00:48:50,200 Speaker 2: we've already hit pretty much our marker with just this background. 850 00:48:50,440 --> 00:48:52,319 Speaker 2: When we come back, we are going to talk about 851 00:48:52,320 --> 00:48:56,000 Speaker 2: where we are today, what has happened in comparison to 852 00:48:56,040 --> 00:48:59,239 Speaker 2: the past with today, and also we will come back 853 00:48:59,280 --> 00:49:03,480 Speaker 2: with who are actually pushing back because we love to 854 00:49:03,600 --> 00:49:06,799 Speaker 2: end on some hope. Yeah, oh you know, stick with 855 00:49:06,880 --> 00:49:09,320 Speaker 2: us if you've made it this far, yes. 856 00:49:09,640 --> 00:49:13,719 Speaker 1: Yes, absolutely, and has always let us know what's going 857 00:49:13,760 --> 00:49:16,560 Speaker 1: on around you. If you have any resources, we would 858 00:49:16,640 --> 00:49:19,319 Speaker 1: love to hear from you. You can email us at 859 00:49:19,360 --> 00:49:21,680 Speaker 1: Hello at Stuffmanever told You? Dot com. You can find 860 00:49:21,760 --> 00:49:24,200 Speaker 1: us on Blue Sky at Momso podcast, or on Instagram 861 00:49:24,200 --> 00:49:26,759 Speaker 1: and TikTok at stuff I Never told You. We are 862 00:49:26,880 --> 00:49:30,720 Speaker 1: also on YouTube. If we have some merchandise at Cotton 863 00:49:30,760 --> 00:49:32,799 Speaker 1: Bureau and we have a book you can get wherever 864 00:49:32,800 --> 00:49:35,320 Speaker 1: you get your books. Thanks as always to our super producer, 865 00:49:35,360 --> 00:49:38,120 Speaker 1: Ris Senior Executive Producer my and your contributor Joey. Thank 866 00:49:38,160 --> 00:49:40,759 Speaker 1: you and thanks to you for listening stuff Never Told You. 867 00:49:40,800 --> 00:49:42,520 Speaker 1: Dispuction of My Heart Radio. For more podcasts from My 868 00:49:42,520 --> 00:49:44,120 Speaker 1: Heart Radio, you can check out the heart Radio app, 869 00:49:44,120 --> 00:49:46,680 Speaker 1: Apple podcast, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.