1 00:00:01,280 --> 00:00:04,320 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class, a production 2 00:00:04,360 --> 00:00:13,440 Speaker 1: of I Heart Radio. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:13,480 --> 00:00:16,759 Speaker 1: I'm Holly cry and I'm Tracy Vie Wilson. I'm gonna 4 00:00:16,840 --> 00:00:20,240 Speaker 1: make a confession right up front here. I cannot resist 5 00:00:20,360 --> 00:00:23,600 Speaker 1: the call of the novelty waffle iron. You can't. I 6 00:00:23,680 --> 00:00:26,600 Speaker 1: buy them that I don't need. I love them. And 7 00:00:26,640 --> 00:00:30,600 Speaker 1: that's actually how I became interested in waffles. I Um, 8 00:00:30,680 --> 00:00:33,120 Speaker 1: before I started buying things that would help me make 9 00:00:33,159 --> 00:00:35,159 Speaker 1: death Star waffles, I would have told you I was 10 00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:37,559 Speaker 1: a pancake person. I think just because I grew up 11 00:00:37,600 --> 00:00:40,720 Speaker 1: making with pancakes. Well, and you can also make pancakes 12 00:00:40,720 --> 00:00:44,720 Speaker 1: in fun shapes with little pancake molds. That's true, although 13 00:00:44,760 --> 00:00:48,000 Speaker 1: you don't usually get the same level of detail. But um, 14 00:00:48,040 --> 00:00:52,880 Speaker 1: both utterly delicious and I thought, you know, been a 15 00:00:52,920 --> 00:00:56,000 Speaker 1: weird year, let's throw in more fun episodes, and waffles 16 00:00:56,000 --> 00:00:58,639 Speaker 1: seemed like a good one. Waffles are, of course, very 17 00:00:58,640 --> 00:01:01,360 Speaker 1: popular and quite common lace on tables and as a 18 00:01:01,400 --> 00:01:04,000 Speaker 1: street food around the world, but they've evolved a whole 19 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:06,679 Speaker 1: lot over time to become the syrup vehicles that most 20 00:01:06,680 --> 00:01:09,080 Speaker 1: of us think of them as. So today we're going 21 00:01:09,120 --> 00:01:11,080 Speaker 1: to take a peek at the waffles origins and the 22 00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:15,480 Speaker 1: various iterations of dough or batter cooked between two hot plates. 23 00:01:16,520 --> 00:01:19,960 Speaker 1: Humankind has been figuring out how to make hot cakes 24 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:24,000 Speaker 1: really for millennia. All kinds of pulpy compositions of ground 25 00:01:24,080 --> 00:01:27,119 Speaker 1: grains cooked on hot rocks go all the way back 26 00:01:27,160 --> 00:01:30,720 Speaker 1: to the Neolithic Age. There is evidence of flat hot 27 00:01:30,800 --> 00:01:34,440 Speaker 1: cakes made from cereal grains flipped too and start cooking 28 00:01:34,480 --> 00:01:38,400 Speaker 1: on both sides during this time and really various cultures 29 00:01:38,440 --> 00:01:42,240 Speaker 1: all around the globe. Yeah, the waffle history, as we'll 30 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:45,000 Speaker 1: talk about it is largely you know, European to develop 31 00:01:45,040 --> 00:01:48,280 Speaker 1: what we think of, but like everybody was figuring out 32 00:01:48,280 --> 00:01:51,080 Speaker 1: how to cook with grains and you know, sometimes a 33 00:01:51,080 --> 00:01:53,480 Speaker 1: little water and make paste that could make a little 34 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:58,520 Speaker 1: flat cake. With the Iron age starting in cooking, of 35 00:01:58,560 --> 00:02:02,000 Speaker 1: course shifted as new tool were developed, including cooking plates 36 00:02:02,360 --> 00:02:05,360 Speaker 1: precursors you can think of them to the modern day griddle, 37 00:02:05,680 --> 00:02:09,120 Speaker 1: and people started cooking their flat cakes on those instead 38 00:02:09,120 --> 00:02:12,040 Speaker 1: of rocks. And sometimes they would even heat two iron 39 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:15,240 Speaker 1: plates and then press batter between them for fast and 40 00:02:15,280 --> 00:02:17,480 Speaker 1: even cooking. So you can see how that's very much 41 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:20,240 Speaker 1: like a waffle, just in a rudimentary kind of version. 42 00:02:20,919 --> 00:02:23,959 Speaker 1: I also like the part of history where we got 43 00:02:23,960 --> 00:02:27,480 Speaker 1: the upgrade of going from cooking stuff on rocks to 44 00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:32,840 Speaker 1: cooking stuff on surface made for cooking. Yes, and also 45 00:02:32,880 --> 00:02:35,080 Speaker 1: that we were like, let's mush them together and see 46 00:02:35,080 --> 00:02:40,239 Speaker 1: what that makes. The first iteration of what would eventually 47 00:02:40,320 --> 00:02:44,360 Speaker 1: evolve into what we would recognize as a waffle was 48 00:02:44,440 --> 00:02:49,360 Speaker 1: called oblios, and these cakes were first seen in ancient grease. 49 00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:53,960 Speaker 1: And these oblios are sort of proto waffles because they 50 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:58,400 Speaker 1: were cooked in between two metal plates. They weren't really sweet. 51 00:02:58,480 --> 00:03:00,960 Speaker 1: They were kind of like a flat, at least simple cake. 52 00:03:01,400 --> 00:03:03,480 Speaker 1: But the plates that were used to make them did 53 00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:07,080 Speaker 1: often have designs on them. You can see pictures of 54 00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:12,040 Speaker 1: some of these kind of lacy designs. In some cases, Yeah, 55 00:03:12,040 --> 00:03:15,520 Speaker 1: they're very pretty. I will say this, oblios is an 56 00:03:15,520 --> 00:03:18,160 Speaker 1: interesting word because you will just as often see it 57 00:03:18,280 --> 00:03:21,360 Speaker 1: in relation to waffle history, where the L and the 58 00:03:21,400 --> 00:03:27,919 Speaker 1: e have been transposed, so it's like obelios. I think 59 00:03:28,240 --> 00:03:32,480 Speaker 1: someone made that switch somewhere along the line, and it 60 00:03:32,560 --> 00:03:35,800 Speaker 1: has propagated in both ways ever since. So if you're 61 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:38,480 Speaker 1: ever looking at a thing and it's different, that's why 62 00:03:39,360 --> 00:03:42,560 Speaker 1: I went with the oblios version, because the next word 63 00:03:42,600 --> 00:03:44,400 Speaker 1: that we're going to talk about seems like a pretty 64 00:03:44,440 --> 00:03:50,720 Speaker 1: obvious transition from that word, which is ugli, which that 65 00:03:50,760 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 1: word evolved into over time as these flat cakes spread 66 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:57,800 Speaker 1: throughout other cultures in Europe, and ubli is a French word, 67 00:03:57,800 --> 00:04:00,840 Speaker 1: and that spread was in large part because the Church 68 00:04:01,200 --> 00:04:04,520 Speaker 1: adopted these ubli as part of religious rituals and events. 69 00:04:04,560 --> 00:04:07,040 Speaker 1: So to be clear, these were not a replacement for 70 00:04:07,120 --> 00:04:11,440 Speaker 1: communion wafers, although the name ubli does mean wafers in French. 71 00:04:11,560 --> 00:04:14,640 Speaker 1: But instead they were kind of another edible item that 72 00:04:14,680 --> 00:04:17,440 Speaker 1: could be included in worships. So often it was the 73 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:21,000 Speaker 1: finish to a meal with religious significance, or they were 74 00:04:21,080 --> 00:04:24,120 Speaker 1: served at the end of a religious service. Ubli were 75 00:04:24,120 --> 00:04:27,960 Speaker 1: made by specialists called a blur, who became experts at 76 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:31,159 Speaker 1: using to metal plates to cook batter, and this batter 77 00:04:31,240 --> 00:04:33,440 Speaker 1: was often made with flour, a little bit of salt, 78 00:04:33,560 --> 00:04:37,640 Speaker 1: and wine instead of water. Ubili became established as a 79 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:41,000 Speaker 1: straight food as these specialists would wait outside of churches 80 00:04:41,080 --> 00:04:43,720 Speaker 1: to sell their wares to members of the congregation as 81 00:04:43,720 --> 00:04:47,720 Speaker 1: they left, particularly on Saints Days and other important religious days. 82 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:51,520 Speaker 1: These again weren't sweet. They were savory ubli, which were 83 00:04:51,600 --> 00:04:54,680 Speaker 1: often pretty large in season with herbs. Sometimes they would 84 00:04:54,680 --> 00:04:57,400 Speaker 1: be rolled into a cone shape to make them easier 85 00:04:57,440 --> 00:05:01,720 Speaker 1: to carry home. Yeah. I heard one description or read 86 00:05:01,760 --> 00:05:03,720 Speaker 1: one description where they were talking about how they were big. 87 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:06,360 Speaker 1: They were like the size of a pizza, and I 88 00:05:06,480 --> 00:05:09,960 Speaker 1: was like, I suppose they're probably in some ways a relative, right, 89 00:05:10,040 --> 00:05:12,320 Speaker 1: It's a large, big thing that has some herbs sprinkled 90 00:05:12,440 --> 00:05:16,920 Speaker 1: on it. But uh, of course branching branching trees. Again, 91 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:19,680 Speaker 1: there's no butter or syrup in sight here. These were 92 00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:22,440 Speaker 1: still very simple in terms of ingredients, and they were 93 00:05:22,520 --> 00:05:26,240 Speaker 1: usually made with barley or oat flour, but the design 94 00:05:26,440 --> 00:05:29,800 Speaker 1: started to get really ornate in medieval Europe. Some of 95 00:05:29,800 --> 00:05:33,120 Speaker 1: these designs mimicked sort of the patterns of stained glass. 96 00:05:33,400 --> 00:05:37,680 Speaker 1: Others recreated heraldry, and there were sometimes even more detailed scenes, 97 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:41,640 Speaker 1: such as landscapes or even depictions of biblical stories. And 98 00:05:41,680 --> 00:05:44,839 Speaker 1: the twelve hundreds we also start to see early hints 99 00:05:44,920 --> 00:05:49,279 Speaker 1: of the waffle pattern developing. The old French word waffle 100 00:05:49,520 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: referred to a piece of honey beehive, and as these 101 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:56,520 Speaker 1: honeycomb patterned flat cakes started to become popular, they were 102 00:05:56,560 --> 00:06:00,320 Speaker 1: called go fra. This is a French word for waffle 103 00:06:00,400 --> 00:06:04,240 Speaker 1: that was derived from the old French waffle, and at 104 00:06:04,240 --> 00:06:07,640 Speaker 1: this point in Europe, regardless of the design, waffles had 105 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:10,200 Speaker 1: to be held over a fire to be baked, so 106 00:06:10,279 --> 00:06:14,039 Speaker 1: there was a degree of danger in their preparation. The 107 00:06:14,200 --> 00:06:16,760 Speaker 1: usage of the word waffle, we should note, also has 108 00:06:16,839 --> 00:06:20,839 Speaker 1: roots in other languages. There's waffle in Dutch, which just 109 00:06:20,920 --> 00:06:25,040 Speaker 1: has one f. There's weapon which means we've in Old English, 110 00:06:25,120 --> 00:06:28,680 Speaker 1: and there is vaba in Old High German. Yeah, you'll 111 00:06:28,680 --> 00:06:32,200 Speaker 1: see all of those words sometimes noted as the root 112 00:06:32,240 --> 00:06:35,120 Speaker 1: word for waffle, but all of those languages are kind 113 00:06:35,120 --> 00:06:38,560 Speaker 1: of being passed around and related um and as street 114 00:06:38,600 --> 00:06:43,039 Speaker 1: vending of waffles in France became more competitive, things also 115 00:06:43,120 --> 00:06:46,359 Speaker 1: got a bit contentious. By the time King Charles the ninth, 116 00:06:46,400 --> 00:06:48,680 Speaker 1: son of Catherine de Medici was ruling in the late 117 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:52,480 Speaker 1: fifteen hundreds, this problem had escalated to such a degree 118 00:06:52,520 --> 00:06:55,440 Speaker 1: that the monarch actually had to make business regulations to 119 00:06:55,480 --> 00:07:00,320 Speaker 1: try to control the situation, and picturing fabulous obliah and 120 00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:03,800 Speaker 1: waffle fist fights, the main regulation that he came up 121 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:07,839 Speaker 1: with coincidentally very similar to the social distancing rule we've 122 00:07:07,880 --> 00:07:11,680 Speaker 1: been facing in pandemic vendors had to stay six ft apart. 123 00:07:12,720 --> 00:07:16,040 Speaker 1: The competitive nature of selling gofro was driven by this 124 00:07:16,160 --> 00:07:21,720 Speaker 1: massive level of popularity. Of course, waffles crossed all socioeconomic lines, 125 00:07:21,760 --> 00:07:25,360 Speaker 1: and part because they were so adaptable. The wealthiest levels 126 00:07:25,360 --> 00:07:28,640 Speaker 1: of society enjoyed much flakier versions that were made with 127 00:07:28,760 --> 00:07:32,200 Speaker 1: egg and sometimes even sweetened with honey, and then poorer 128 00:07:32,240 --> 00:07:35,840 Speaker 1: classes had access to versions made with lesser quality flowers 129 00:07:35,840 --> 00:07:38,800 Speaker 1: and water without any of the ingredients that would really 130 00:07:38,840 --> 00:07:43,240 Speaker 1: make them into a crispy or fluffy delicacy. North America 131 00:07:43,320 --> 00:07:46,040 Speaker 1: was introduced to the Dutch waffles with one f thanks 132 00:07:46,080 --> 00:07:48,720 Speaker 1: to colonists who immigrated in the early decades of the 133 00:07:48,760 --> 00:07:52,960 Speaker 1: sixteen hundreds. For expectations management here, because I know people 134 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:55,840 Speaker 1: are already thinking it stroop waffles were not invented yet. 135 00:07:55,880 --> 00:07:58,320 Speaker 1: We're going to come back to that, but it does 136 00:07:58,360 --> 00:08:01,120 Speaker 1: seem like at least some of the Dutch waffles were 137 00:08:01,200 --> 00:08:04,880 Speaker 1: definitely intended to be sweet rather than savory. In the 138 00:08:04,880 --> 00:08:07,960 Speaker 1: book Colonial Days in Old New York, written by Alice 139 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:11,600 Speaker 1: Morse Earl in eight there's a description of what the 140 00:08:11,640 --> 00:08:16,040 Speaker 1: author calls a Dutch uma from the seventeenth century, which 141 00:08:16,080 --> 00:08:19,000 Speaker 1: was a sifter used to sprinkle cinnamon and sugar on 142 00:08:19,080 --> 00:08:24,080 Speaker 1: freshly made waffles. In seventeen five, Robert Smith published the 143 00:08:24,120 --> 00:08:32,040 Speaker 1: book Buckle Up for this name Court Cookery or the 144 00:08:32,120 --> 00:08:36,200 Speaker 1: Complete English cook containing the choicest and newest receipts for 145 00:08:36,320 --> 00:08:43,120 Speaker 1: making soups, pottages, freaka sees, harshes, farces, ragus, cullises, sauces, 146 00:08:43,280 --> 00:08:47,520 Speaker 1: forced meats and souss, with various ways of dressing most 147 00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:51,079 Speaker 1: sorts of flesh, fish and foul, wild and tame, with 148 00:08:51,120 --> 00:08:55,560 Speaker 1: the best methods of potting, coloring and pickling. As likewise 149 00:08:55,720 --> 00:09:04,680 Speaker 1: of paste, spies, pasties, patties, puddings, and they's, biscuits, creams, cheesecakes, florindans, cakes, jellies, 150 00:09:04,840 --> 00:09:10,000 Speaker 1: syllabubs and custards. Also of candy making and preserving, with 151 00:09:10,080 --> 00:09:12,880 Speaker 1: a bill of fare for every month in the year, 152 00:09:13,000 --> 00:09:18,920 Speaker 1: and the latest improvements in cookery, pastry, et cetera. There's 153 00:09:18,960 --> 00:09:23,440 Speaker 1: a lot of words. Uh. This heavily titled tone, published 154 00:09:23,440 --> 00:09:26,480 Speaker 1: in London, offers the first instance of the word waffle 155 00:09:26,600 --> 00:09:30,000 Speaker 1: included in English language print, and the recipe that Smith 156 00:09:30,040 --> 00:09:34,160 Speaker 1: included for waffles is as follows. Quote take flour, cream 157 00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:38,560 Speaker 1: sack nutmegs, sugar, eggs, yeast of what quantity you will 158 00:09:39,240 --> 00:09:41,880 Speaker 1: mix these to a batter and let them stand to rise. 159 00:09:42,720 --> 00:09:45,959 Speaker 1: Then add a little melted butter and bake one to try. 160 00:09:46,040 --> 00:09:49,640 Speaker 1: If they burn, add more butter, melt butter with sac 161 00:09:49,720 --> 00:09:53,679 Speaker 1: refined sugar and orange flower water for the sauce. Uh 162 00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:56,360 Speaker 1: sac in this instance refers to cooking sherry. If you 163 00:09:56,400 --> 00:09:58,840 Speaker 1: had not heard that term before. I like that. The 164 00:09:58,880 --> 00:10:03,880 Speaker 1: solution to the I give you no measurements recipe if 165 00:10:03,920 --> 00:10:06,240 Speaker 1: it doesn't work, is just keep adding butter, putting more 166 00:10:06,240 --> 00:10:11,720 Speaker 1: butter in there. Yeah. So this base recipe has sugar, 167 00:10:12,040 --> 00:10:15,200 Speaker 1: and while Smith's book also offers a really yummy sounding 168 00:10:15,320 --> 00:10:19,120 Speaker 1: syrup recipe, waffles were also seen as a companion starts 169 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:22,240 Speaker 1: to savory entrees. So you might make a waffle and 170 00:10:22,280 --> 00:10:27,360 Speaker 1: then ladle a stew on top of it, for example, Yummy, 171 00:10:27,440 --> 00:10:30,640 Speaker 1: I love a savory waffle. I'd eat that. Yeah. Nine 172 00:10:30,720 --> 00:10:33,600 Speaker 1: years later, in seventeen thirty four, a recipe for a 173 00:10:33,679 --> 00:10:37,280 Speaker 1: Dutch waffle, in this case called a Dutch wafer, appeared 174 00:10:37,280 --> 00:10:40,520 Speaker 1: in a cookbook by Mary Kettleby. This book is titled 175 00:10:40,600 --> 00:10:44,000 Speaker 1: a Collection of Above three hundred Receipts In cookery, physic 176 00:10:44,120 --> 00:10:47,520 Speaker 1: and surgery for the use of all good wives, tender mothers, 177 00:10:47,520 --> 00:10:51,120 Speaker 1: and careful nurses. And this recipe for what kettle be 178 00:10:51,240 --> 00:10:54,360 Speaker 1: called the right Dutch wafer shows the difference in the 179 00:10:54,440 --> 00:10:58,199 Speaker 1: Dutch style waffle of the time as being sweeter. It says, 180 00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:01,079 Speaker 1: take four eggs and beat them very well, and then 181 00:11:01,120 --> 00:11:04,960 Speaker 1: take a good spoonful of fine sugar, one nutmeg grated, 182 00:11:05,160 --> 00:11:08,080 Speaker 1: a pint of cream, and a pound of flour, a 183 00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:11,960 Speaker 1: pound of butter melted, two or three spoonfuls of rose water, 184 00:11:12,080 --> 00:11:15,920 Speaker 1: and two good spoonfuls of yeast. Mix all well together 185 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:19,160 Speaker 1: and bake them and your wafer tongs on the fire. 186 00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:23,319 Speaker 1: For the sauce, take grated cinnamon, sack and melted butter, 187 00:11:23,480 --> 00:11:27,840 Speaker 1: sweetened to your taste delicious. We are going to talk 188 00:11:27,920 --> 00:11:30,520 Speaker 1: more about waffle irons in a moment, which was mentioned 189 00:11:30,520 --> 00:11:32,400 Speaker 1: in that recipe, but first we are going to pause 190 00:11:32,480 --> 00:11:42,360 Speaker 1: for a little sponsor break. We mentioned right before the 191 00:11:42,360 --> 00:11:45,840 Speaker 1: break in that recipe that Tracy read, uh, wafer tongs 192 00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:48,560 Speaker 1: and waffle irons by this point did indeed look sort 193 00:11:48,600 --> 00:11:51,040 Speaker 1: of like large tongs with a hinge near the two 194 00:11:51,040 --> 00:11:54,000 Speaker 1: cooking plates, and then long handles sometimes you know, a 195 00:11:54,040 --> 00:11:57,160 Speaker 1: couple of feet long. These irons would have been used 196 00:11:57,160 --> 00:11:59,880 Speaker 1: in an open heart, so those long handles in a 197 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:02,319 Speaker 1: the cook to fill the base plate with batter, shut 198 00:12:02,360 --> 00:12:04,480 Speaker 1: the iron and then push it into the open flame 199 00:12:04,559 --> 00:12:07,679 Speaker 1: for cooking without risking their person getting too close or 200 00:12:07,760 --> 00:12:11,480 Speaker 1: up into the flame. And as kitchens transitioned to wood stoves, 201 00:12:11,480 --> 00:12:14,520 Speaker 1: those handles became shorter and the waffle irons started to 202 00:12:14,559 --> 00:12:17,240 Speaker 1: be placed on top of the stove to cook instead 203 00:12:17,240 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 1: of directly into a fire. The first waffle iron in 204 00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:24,000 Speaker 1: the US is often cited as arriving in seventeen eighty 205 00:12:24,080 --> 00:12:27,800 Speaker 1: nine thanks to Thomas Jefferson. He had been Minister to 206 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:30,480 Speaker 1: France from seventeen eighty five up until he left in 207 00:12:30,520 --> 00:12:33,680 Speaker 1: seventeen eighty nine, that being hastened by the start of 208 00:12:33,679 --> 00:12:36,920 Speaker 1: the French Revolution, and he brought back two pieces of 209 00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:39,720 Speaker 1: cooking tech from Europe. There was a pasta maker and 210 00:12:39,800 --> 00:12:44,920 Speaker 1: a hinged, long handled waffle iron. However, this was not 211 00:12:45,080 --> 00:12:48,520 Speaker 1: the first waffle iron to cross the Atlantic. No, he 212 00:12:48,559 --> 00:12:51,599 Speaker 1: gets credit, and he may have caused a surge in popularity, 213 00:12:51,640 --> 00:12:54,960 Speaker 1: but they were already waffle irons here. Uh. We know 214 00:12:55,080 --> 00:12:57,839 Speaker 1: this because well before Jefferson is said to have brought 215 00:12:57,880 --> 00:13:00,760 Speaker 1: his waffle iron to the States, and in fact, before 216 00:13:00,800 --> 00:13:05,160 Speaker 1: the colonies gained independence from England, waffle frolics were popular 217 00:13:05,240 --> 00:13:09,840 Speaker 1: among the colonists. In seventeen forty four, what sounds like 218 00:13:09,920 --> 00:13:14,000 Speaker 1: an especially frolic, laden and perhaps risk a waffle frolic 219 00:13:14,120 --> 00:13:16,840 Speaker 1: in New York was described in a letter by twenty 220 00:13:16,840 --> 00:13:19,800 Speaker 1: one year old William Livingston, written to a miss Et 221 00:13:20,520 --> 00:13:24,800 Speaker 1: and dated November seventeenth of that year. Here's what it says. Quote, 222 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:27,719 Speaker 1: we had the waffle frolic at Miss Walton's talked of 223 00:13:27,760 --> 00:13:31,800 Speaker 1: before your departure. The feast, as usual, was preceded by cards, 224 00:13:31,840 --> 00:13:34,640 Speaker 1: and the company so numerous that they filled two tables. 225 00:13:35,040 --> 00:13:38,800 Speaker 1: After a few games, a magnificent supper appeared in grand 226 00:13:38,920 --> 00:13:41,600 Speaker 1: order and decorum. But for my part, I was not 227 00:13:41,679 --> 00:13:44,600 Speaker 1: a little grieved that so luxurious a feast should come 228 00:13:44,679 --> 00:13:47,760 Speaker 1: under the name of a waffle frolic, because if this 229 00:13:47,840 --> 00:13:50,959 Speaker 1: be the case, I must expect but a few waffle 230 00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:54,839 Speaker 1: frolics for the future. The frolic was closed up with 231 00:13:55,040 --> 00:14:01,040 Speaker 1: ten sunburned virgins lately come from Columbus's Newfoundland. Besides the 232 00:14:01,080 --> 00:14:03,400 Speaker 1: play of my own invention, which I have not room 233 00:14:03,480 --> 00:14:07,839 Speaker 1: enough to describe at present. However, kissing constitutes a great 234 00:14:07,920 --> 00:14:11,360 Speaker 1: part of its entertainment. Livingston, in case you don't recognize 235 00:14:11,400 --> 00:14:13,160 Speaker 1: that name, went on to become the Governor of New 236 00:14:13,240 --> 00:14:15,400 Speaker 1: Jersey and was one of the signers of the U 237 00:14:15,480 --> 00:14:21,120 Speaker 1: s Constitution. That mention of virgins from Columbus's Newfoundland may 238 00:14:21,160 --> 00:14:23,680 Speaker 1: be referring to indigenous women. That of course, adds a 239 00:14:23,720 --> 00:14:28,400 Speaker 1: potentially rather unpleasant layer to this story. In sweeter developments, though. 240 00:14:28,440 --> 00:14:32,520 Speaker 1: In the city of Gouda, Netherlands, the first stroop waffles 241 00:14:32,560 --> 00:14:34,600 Speaker 1: are made in the early eighteen hundreds, and if you 242 00:14:34,680 --> 00:14:37,480 Speaker 1: have had these, you know they are made to resemble 243 00:14:37,560 --> 00:14:40,560 Speaker 1: breakfast waffles, but they're really kind of a cross between 244 00:14:40,560 --> 00:14:43,040 Speaker 1: a waffle and a cookie. They're made of a dough 245 00:14:43,120 --> 00:14:45,560 Speaker 1: that is pressed in an iron, and the story goes 246 00:14:45,600 --> 00:14:48,400 Speaker 1: that they were created when a baker combined syrup and 247 00:14:48,480 --> 00:14:52,840 Speaker 1: breadcrumbs together and then pressed them. These little waffle cousins 248 00:14:52,840 --> 00:14:55,760 Speaker 1: are normally either cooked or sliced to be very very thin, 249 00:14:56,280 --> 00:14:59,320 Speaker 1: and then layered like a sandwich with a caramel syrup filling, 250 00:15:00,040 --> 00:15:05,480 Speaker 1: and they are delicious. On August eighteen sixty nine, the 251 00:15:05,520 --> 00:15:08,640 Speaker 1: first waffle iron patent in the United States was issued, 252 00:15:08,920 --> 00:15:12,920 Speaker 1: which is US Patent number nine thousand and forty three. 253 00:15:13,640 --> 00:15:16,920 Speaker 1: It was granted to a man named Cornelius Swarthout. You'll 254 00:15:16,920 --> 00:15:18,960 Speaker 1: see his name spelled a few different names. We're going 255 00:15:18,960 --> 00:15:20,880 Speaker 1: with that one because I think it's the easiest to 256 00:15:20,880 --> 00:15:24,120 Speaker 1: pronounce uh. And this was given for what he called 257 00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:27,600 Speaker 1: an improvement on waffle irons that he developed in his 258 00:15:27,640 --> 00:15:30,320 Speaker 1: home in Troy, New York. So this iron had a 259 00:15:30,400 --> 00:15:33,480 Speaker 1: very heavy bass with the bottom waffle textured plate mounted 260 00:15:33,520 --> 00:15:35,600 Speaker 1: on it, and then another plate that sat on top 261 00:15:35,640 --> 00:15:38,520 Speaker 1: affixed with a hinge, so the waffle iron could open, 262 00:15:38,680 --> 00:15:41,000 Speaker 1: have the batter poured in, and then could flip so 263 00:15:41,080 --> 00:15:44,440 Speaker 1: each side like within the thing, it could flip so 264 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:46,920 Speaker 1: that each side would get time close to the hot 265 00:15:46,960 --> 00:15:50,200 Speaker 1: surface of the stove, and then a finished, evenly cooked 266 00:15:50,240 --> 00:15:53,480 Speaker 1: waffle could be removed. The main improvement that was made 267 00:15:53,520 --> 00:15:56,360 Speaker 1: here was the inclusion of a handle and a clasp 268 00:15:56,520 --> 00:15:59,160 Speaker 1: to make flipping the plates a lot safer and easier. 269 00:15:59,280 --> 00:16:02,640 Speaker 1: You couldn't mismatched the plate lineup, there was less of 270 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:06,560 Speaker 1: a risk of burns. Swartout described it like this quote, 271 00:16:06,560 --> 00:16:10,280 Speaker 1: The nature of my invention consistent providing a handle connected 272 00:16:10,320 --> 00:16:13,560 Speaker 1: with and forming part of a waffle iron, by means 273 00:16:13,600 --> 00:16:16,600 Speaker 1: of which the same may be readily turned over without 274 00:16:16,720 --> 00:16:19,960 Speaker 1: danger of slipping, and without the possibility of burning the hand. 275 00:16:20,560 --> 00:16:24,080 Speaker 1: It also consists in providing a device by means of 276 00:16:24,120 --> 00:16:26,720 Speaker 1: which the upper or a covering portion of a waffle 277 00:16:26,760 --> 00:16:30,600 Speaker 1: iron may be raised so as to expose the interior 278 00:16:31,280 --> 00:16:34,720 Speaker 1: for filling or for removing the waffle wind, done without 279 00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:37,720 Speaker 1: the danger of the cover slipping back, and without burning 280 00:16:37,760 --> 00:16:41,240 Speaker 1: the hand. That description probably sounds a lot like a 281 00:16:41,280 --> 00:16:44,280 Speaker 1: waffle iron you have used or you might use today, 282 00:16:44,440 --> 00:16:46,960 Speaker 1: and it really does look pretty familiar. But of course, 283 00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:50,080 Speaker 1: Holmes did not have electricity in eighteen sixty nine, and 284 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:52,320 Speaker 1: this waffle iron still had to be placed on a 285 00:16:52,320 --> 00:16:54,880 Speaker 1: heat source, so, as we said, it was intended to 286 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:58,160 Speaker 1: sit on a stovetop, and over the next several decades, 287 00:16:58,200 --> 00:17:01,760 Speaker 1: this basic type of waffle iron worked so well and 288 00:17:01,960 --> 00:17:04,800 Speaker 1: was so popular that it was widely produced for home use. 289 00:17:05,440 --> 00:17:09,000 Speaker 1: Waffle frolics or waffle parties had continued to be popular 290 00:17:09,119 --> 00:17:13,400 Speaker 1: right through the nineteenth century and then into seven book 291 00:17:13,440 --> 00:17:18,280 Speaker 1: titled Suppers Novel Suggestions for Social Occasions. Author Paul Pierce 292 00:17:18,359 --> 00:17:21,840 Speaker 1: lays out a detailed plan for hosting a perfect waffle party. 293 00:17:21,920 --> 00:17:23,919 Speaker 1: And while this is billed as a perfect way to 294 00:17:24,000 --> 00:17:26,600 Speaker 1: host a party for an apartment dweller without a big kitchen, 295 00:17:26,640 --> 00:17:29,840 Speaker 1: it's really no simple affair at all. No, there's so 296 00:17:29,880 --> 00:17:34,840 Speaker 1: many steps uh and Pierce's Perfect Waffle Party instructions, star 297 00:17:34,880 --> 00:17:38,479 Speaker 1: wars and pretty involved invitations. Quote of cream white satin 298 00:17:39,000 --> 00:17:42,200 Speaker 1: fashioned in the exact shape and size of a waffle section, 299 00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:45,919 Speaker 1: padded with white cotton wadding and tacked to simulate the 300 00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:49,199 Speaker 1: meeting place of the irons. They are then scorched the 301 00:17:49,320 --> 00:17:51,679 Speaker 1: right color with a hot iron and on them is 302 00:17:51,720 --> 00:17:55,480 Speaker 1: printed in CPIA tints Come and eat me. The date 303 00:17:55,560 --> 00:18:01,400 Speaker 1: and address details are printed on the reverse. I don't 304 00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:03,800 Speaker 1: know why that struck me as fun. It's a very 305 00:18:03,880 --> 00:18:08,959 Speaker 1: involved invitation and also again a little risque. By the way, 306 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:13,240 Speaker 1: this perfect party plan also includes the printing of a 307 00:18:13,359 --> 00:18:16,639 Speaker 1: quote much praised recipe for waffles to be placed at 308 00:18:16,680 --> 00:18:20,959 Speaker 1: each guest spot. And then the hosts assigns a utensil 309 00:18:21,080 --> 00:18:24,080 Speaker 1: to each guest and they complete the recipe assembly line 310 00:18:24,240 --> 00:18:27,680 Speaker 1: style as a team. Then the guests are seated with 311 00:18:27,760 --> 00:18:30,840 Speaker 1: teams of two pouring the batter and monitoring the cooking 312 00:18:30,840 --> 00:18:35,520 Speaker 1: on a rotating basis while other courses, including veal are served. 313 00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:38,560 Speaker 1: The doors to the kitchen are to be propped open 314 00:18:38,600 --> 00:18:41,240 Speaker 1: throughout all this so that the team's minding the waffle 315 00:18:41,240 --> 00:18:44,800 Speaker 1: cooking in the kitchen do not feel left out. It's 316 00:18:44,800 --> 00:18:48,320 Speaker 1: a cute, little uh instruction for how to make a 317 00:18:48,400 --> 00:18:51,159 Speaker 1: fun party with waffles. I would do it. I'm not 318 00:18:51,280 --> 00:18:54,720 Speaker 1: making those complex um invites though, I'm not quilting a 319 00:18:54,720 --> 00:18:59,240 Speaker 1: bunch of satin into waffles. The first electrical waffle iron 320 00:18:59,560 --> 00:19:01,679 Speaker 1: was pretty used in the early nineteen hundreds, and it 321 00:19:01,760 --> 00:19:04,560 Speaker 1: is believed that the Simplex Electrical Company was the first 322 00:19:04,560 --> 00:19:08,760 Speaker 1: to make one. This Boston, Massachusetts manufacturer created an iron 323 00:19:08,800 --> 00:19:12,000 Speaker 1: that made circular waffles, but the unit itself was rectangular. 324 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:14,840 Speaker 1: It had a front row of plates that folded onto 325 00:19:14,920 --> 00:19:19,399 Speaker 1: the back row to create the closed cooking surface. This, 326 00:19:19,640 --> 00:19:21,520 Speaker 1: in write ups sounds like it was not really a 327 00:19:21,560 --> 00:19:25,199 Speaker 1: safe product. The regulations around electrical appliances that are in 328 00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:28,560 Speaker 1: place today, for example, did not yet exist, so like 329 00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:31,800 Speaker 1: during the flipping, they were like electrical contacts that would 330 00:19:31,800 --> 00:19:34,840 Speaker 1: be exposed. But we should say that Simplex did go 331 00:19:34,880 --> 00:19:38,960 Speaker 1: on to make other safer models, though, and General Electric 332 00:19:39,040 --> 00:19:42,480 Speaker 1: usually gets the credit for making the first electrical waffle iron, 333 00:19:42,560 --> 00:19:47,320 Speaker 1: which the company did in nineteen eleven, designed by Thomas J. Stockbeck, 334 00:19:47,600 --> 00:19:50,080 Speaker 1: but this was really a prototype. The company did not 335 00:19:50,280 --> 00:19:53,680 Speaker 1: start production of waffle irons to sell for home use 336 00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:58,280 Speaker 1: until the late nineteen teens. Waffle popularity continued to grow 337 00:19:58,320 --> 00:19:59,760 Speaker 1: in the US in the early half of the t 338 00:20:00,040 --> 00:20:03,359 Speaker 1: a century, so much so that manufacturers started making waffle 339 00:20:03,400 --> 00:20:06,320 Speaker 1: irons that were meant to be visually pleasing as well 340 00:20:06,359 --> 00:20:08,800 Speaker 1: as functional, so they could be used right at the 341 00:20:08,840 --> 00:20:10,600 Speaker 1: table and they would fit into the rest of the 342 00:20:10,680 --> 00:20:13,560 Speaker 1: china and tableware and be just as pretty as anything else. 343 00:20:14,240 --> 00:20:17,159 Speaker 1: Some of these had decorated porcelain exteriors, and they were 344 00:20:17,200 --> 00:20:20,640 Speaker 1: sold with breakfast sets that included coffee service, as well 345 00:20:20,680 --> 00:20:24,400 Speaker 1: as various specialized bowls to include batter. You could pour 346 00:20:24,520 --> 00:20:27,159 Speaker 1: that right into the iron by the person who was 347 00:20:27,240 --> 00:20:30,240 Speaker 1: being served, so you would get a fresh, hot waffle. 348 00:20:30,720 --> 00:20:33,560 Speaker 1: There were all kinds of interesting waffle developments from the 349 00:20:33,640 --> 00:20:36,919 Speaker 1: nineteen thirties on. We will talk about them after we 350 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:47,399 Speaker 1: hear from the sponsors who keep our show going. In 351 00:20:48,359 --> 00:20:51,320 Speaker 1: eight Well Supper Club opened in Harlem, New York and 352 00:20:51,400 --> 00:20:54,359 Speaker 1: it catered to the musician crowd, staying open late into 353 00:20:54,359 --> 00:20:56,800 Speaker 1: the night. The story goes that because a lot of 354 00:20:56,800 --> 00:20:59,239 Speaker 1: their clientele was getting there too late for dinner and 355 00:20:59,280 --> 00:21:02,320 Speaker 1: too early for breakfast, the two meals found a crossover 356 00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:05,280 Speaker 1: in fried chicken and waffles, which has since become popular 357 00:21:05,760 --> 00:21:08,160 Speaker 1: around the country. I will also say this, you will 358 00:21:08,160 --> 00:21:11,359 Speaker 1: see it kind of casually referenced as something that developed 359 00:21:12,320 --> 00:21:15,800 Speaker 1: as a like cast off food from waffle parties were 360 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:21,280 Speaker 1: combined by people who were either enslaved or we're working 361 00:21:21,320 --> 00:21:24,520 Speaker 1: as service staff in homes, but that's not really well documented. 362 00:21:24,640 --> 00:21:29,120 Speaker 1: This we know definitely happened. Also chicken and waffles delicious. 363 00:21:29,840 --> 00:21:34,440 Speaker 1: In nineteen fifty three, the first frozen waffles called fruffles 364 00:21:34,560 --> 00:21:37,520 Speaker 1: were introduced by three brothers. They were Tony, Sam and 365 00:21:37,600 --> 00:21:41,800 Speaker 1: Frank Dorsea. These frozen waffles were the third invention of 366 00:21:41,840 --> 00:21:45,159 Speaker 1: the Dorset brothers, and they had also created a mayonnaise 367 00:21:45,359 --> 00:21:48,439 Speaker 1: and a dry waffle mix, and they were doing that 368 00:21:48,560 --> 00:21:51,560 Speaker 1: under the name Ego. Because of the egg content in 369 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:55,200 Speaker 1: the Mannai's, most people started calling the froffles by the 370 00:21:55,280 --> 00:21:59,480 Speaker 1: name Egos, which the Dorses just adopted as the new product. Name. 371 00:22:00,080 --> 00:22:02,920 Speaker 1: The Ego company was bought by Kellogg's in the early 372 00:22:03,119 --> 00:22:07,399 Speaker 1: nineteen seventies and now produces a vast array of waffles 373 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:12,680 Speaker 1: and other frozen breakfast products that's still going. The Belgian 374 00:22:12,680 --> 00:22:16,400 Speaker 1: waffle might surprise you and how late it joins this story. 375 00:22:16,560 --> 00:22:19,360 Speaker 1: In nineteen sixty four, at the World's Fairing Queens, New York, 376 00:22:19,480 --> 00:22:22,240 Speaker 1: Maurice Formersh and his family set up a waffle booth 377 00:22:22,280 --> 00:22:26,679 Speaker 1: in the Belgian Village pavilion. Their booth signage read Brussels 378 00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:30,000 Speaker 1: Waffles a bell Gym product that's b E L D 379 00:22:30,280 --> 00:22:33,720 Speaker 1: g E M for Mercia's waffles were light and fluffy, 380 00:22:33,920 --> 00:22:36,000 Speaker 1: crisp on the outside, and then they would melt in 381 00:22:36,040 --> 00:22:39,280 Speaker 1: your mouth. Visitors to the expo could buy them plain 382 00:22:39,600 --> 00:22:41,480 Speaker 1: or with a little bit of whip cream and fresh 383 00:22:41,520 --> 00:22:45,760 Speaker 1: strawberry slices. This was actually not their real introduction, Vermersh 384 00:22:45,840 --> 00:22:48,040 Speaker 1: had sold them at a smaller booth at the Seattle 385 00:22:48,080 --> 00:22:50,880 Speaker 1: World's Fair two years earlier to kind of test the waters. 386 00:22:51,400 --> 00:22:53,800 Speaker 1: But this treat took off in New York, and so 387 00:22:53,840 --> 00:22:58,080 Speaker 1: that's usually noted as the birth of the Belgian waffles popularity. 388 00:22:58,240 --> 00:23:01,520 Speaker 1: To most of the customers, this pastry was just a revelation. 389 00:23:02,160 --> 00:23:05,160 Speaker 1: The waffles that were normally served in the US were 390 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:07,719 Speaker 1: a lot heavier. They tended to be topped with a 391 00:23:07,760 --> 00:23:11,680 Speaker 1: bunch of syrup and butter. Charging a dollar per waffle. 392 00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:15,400 Speaker 1: The Vermercias needed to keep two dozen waffle irons going 393 00:23:15,720 --> 00:23:18,959 Speaker 1: and have ten people come help them slice strawberries just 394 00:23:19,040 --> 00:23:21,840 Speaker 1: to keep up with the orders. Yeah, it's one of 395 00:23:21,840 --> 00:23:23,800 Speaker 1: those things that gets listed. Is like one of the 396 00:23:23,840 --> 00:23:27,800 Speaker 1: most popular things at the World's Fair that year. Maurice 397 00:23:27,880 --> 00:23:30,760 Speaker 1: Vermers didn't notice, however, that a lot of people didn't 398 00:23:30,840 --> 00:23:33,960 Speaker 1: understand why they were called Brussels waffles. They didn't really 399 00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:36,400 Speaker 1: get that his version of waffles was a family recipe 400 00:23:36,440 --> 00:23:39,720 Speaker 1: developed from a regional style in Belgium. So he just 401 00:23:39,760 --> 00:23:42,679 Speaker 1: started calling them Belgian waffles and that was easy to 402 00:23:42,760 --> 00:23:46,680 Speaker 1: understand and caught on with customers. Over time, the Belgian waffle, 403 00:23:46,880 --> 00:23:49,240 Speaker 1: which he did not keep control of as a name, 404 00:23:49,720 --> 00:23:53,000 Speaker 1: evolved to be more like the waffles that US customers 405 00:23:53,040 --> 00:23:55,560 Speaker 1: had already been eating, and it got farther and farther 406 00:23:55,680 --> 00:24:01,040 Speaker 1: away from this handheld street food that Vermers had sold. Today, 407 00:24:01,119 --> 00:24:04,840 Speaker 1: a Belgian waffle has deep, deep pockets in it's waffle 408 00:24:04,920 --> 00:24:07,480 Speaker 1: texture to hold a lot of butter and toppings, and 409 00:24:07,520 --> 00:24:10,360 Speaker 1: it's a huge departure from the idea that they're supposed 410 00:24:10,359 --> 00:24:13,320 Speaker 1: to be so delicious and simple on their own that 411 00:24:13,400 --> 00:24:17,280 Speaker 1: they need few, if any, accouterment. You would be hard 412 00:24:17,320 --> 00:24:21,000 Speaker 1: pressed to carry most restaurant dishes that are described as 413 00:24:21,080 --> 00:24:27,280 Speaker 1: Belgian waffles around with you as you walk. Yeah. Yeah, 414 00:24:27,480 --> 00:24:30,159 Speaker 1: keep in mind they're actually supposed to be a handheld food. 415 00:24:31,160 --> 00:24:33,800 Speaker 1: There is we should mention another popular type of waffle 416 00:24:33,840 --> 00:24:36,600 Speaker 1: that hails from Belgium. It is a very different texture 417 00:24:36,600 --> 00:24:39,560 Speaker 1: in flavor. This is the Liga and it's named after 418 00:24:39,680 --> 00:24:43,840 Speaker 1: Liga Belgium. A Liga is denser and chewier, and this 419 00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:46,480 Speaker 1: version of a waffle, according to legend, has been around 420 00:24:46,520 --> 00:24:49,840 Speaker 1: since the Middle Ages, though it's only been documented since 421 00:24:49,840 --> 00:24:53,240 Speaker 1: the early nineteenth century. They are made with pearl sugar, 422 00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:56,520 Speaker 1: which comes in these dense clumps, and they don't dissolve 423 00:24:56,600 --> 00:25:00,840 Speaker 1: into the batter. Instead, pieces of pearl sugar normalized into 424 00:25:00,840 --> 00:25:05,320 Speaker 1: sweet bits throughout the waffle. Waffles have also inspired innovation 425 00:25:05,440 --> 00:25:09,639 Speaker 1: in non gastronomic areas. When Bill Bauerman, who was a 426 00:25:09,720 --> 00:25:12,680 Speaker 1: track coach at the University of Oregon, applied for a 427 00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:16,560 Speaker 1: patent for a shoe where the quote soul has short, 428 00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:20,919 Speaker 1: multi sided, polygon shaped studs which provide gripping edges that 429 00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:24,760 Speaker 1: give greatly improved traction. It used to waffle iron to 430 00:25:24,840 --> 00:25:29,440 Speaker 1: cast the textured soul. This gave birth to the Nike company, 431 00:25:29,560 --> 00:25:31,439 Speaker 1: and that shoe is part of the collection at the 432 00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:35,679 Speaker 1: Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. Can also find it 433 00:25:35,720 --> 00:25:40,520 Speaker 1: online if you just search Nike waffle trainer. Yeah. Uh. 434 00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:44,480 Speaker 1: In the US, August is National Waffle Day. That is 435 00:25:44,520 --> 00:25:47,160 Speaker 1: the day that Cornelia shore Out was granted his patent. 436 00:25:47,880 --> 00:25:50,919 Speaker 1: International Waffle Days March twenty five, and if that's not 437 00:25:51,040 --> 00:25:54,920 Speaker 1: enough waffle holiday action, you can also celebrate National Waffle 438 00:25:54,960 --> 00:25:57,960 Speaker 1: Iron Day on June twenty nine. And of course there's 439 00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:02,239 Speaker 1: a whole world of hastories that share culinary DNA with 440 00:26:02,280 --> 00:26:05,520 Speaker 1: waffles that we have not even touched on here, like 441 00:26:05,640 --> 00:26:10,359 Speaker 1: the Italian bizelle or the Middle Eastern jilebbie, and both 442 00:26:10,359 --> 00:26:14,480 Speaker 1: of those are deep fried. There's also Irish style waffles 443 00:26:14,520 --> 00:26:17,760 Speaker 1: which have a really crispy texture, and Korean style which 444 00:26:17,760 --> 00:26:20,679 Speaker 1: are really heavy on the dessert type toppings. Also a 445 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:25,000 Speaker 1: range of savory waffles to really match any palette or preference. 446 00:26:25,320 --> 00:26:27,800 Speaker 1: Also some things that have nothing to do with waffles 447 00:26:27,840 --> 00:26:32,720 Speaker 1: that people describe as sort of inserta nationality here waffle, 448 00:26:33,359 --> 00:26:37,080 Speaker 1: like like Okonoma yaki, which is just not a thing 449 00:26:37,160 --> 00:26:39,680 Speaker 1: that's like a waffle in any way, but sometimes people 450 00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:44,560 Speaker 1: call them Japanese waffles, right yeah, uh yeah. Waffles are 451 00:26:44,600 --> 00:26:47,240 Speaker 1: international and have been adapted in a million different ways. 452 00:26:47,280 --> 00:26:53,000 Speaker 1: They're also like super fun different ways that restaurants and 453 00:26:53,119 --> 00:26:57,520 Speaker 1: chefs like to make their own twists on waffles. Um. Yeah, 454 00:26:57,760 --> 00:26:59,320 Speaker 1: I want to host a waffle for All, Like I 455 00:26:59,720 --> 00:27:03,080 Speaker 1: didn't the funny thing where I was doing Google searches 456 00:27:03,119 --> 00:27:05,960 Speaker 1: for waffle for all, Like, and there's apparently a restaurant 457 00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:09,480 Speaker 1: in Ithaca named Waffle Frolic, which I would love to 458 00:27:09,480 --> 00:27:12,359 Speaker 1: go to just for the name. Uh yeah. When you 459 00:27:12,440 --> 00:27:15,000 Speaker 1: when you mentioned waffle Frolic to me while you were 460 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:17,480 Speaker 1: working on this, I kind of went down a whole 461 00:27:17,520 --> 00:27:20,840 Speaker 1: Waffle Frolic rabbit hole because I was like, you know, 462 00:27:20,960 --> 00:27:25,040 Speaker 1: slang changes over time, and if like if I read 463 00:27:25,040 --> 00:27:27,119 Speaker 1: a whole book series that was set in the nineteen 464 00:27:27,160 --> 00:27:29,000 Speaker 1: twenties and there was slang in it that I had 465 00:27:29,040 --> 00:27:32,480 Speaker 1: never heard before at all, and I was like, does 466 00:27:32,520 --> 00:27:38,040 Speaker 1: this mean something different? Than we listen. After all of 467 00:27:38,040 --> 00:27:40,520 Speaker 1: those risque hints, I started to wonder if waffle for 468 00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:45,080 Speaker 1: Alic wasn't code. But but it sounds like just a 469 00:27:45,119 --> 00:27:50,480 Speaker 1: delicious party. I have um listener mail which I can 470 00:27:50,600 --> 00:27:54,240 Speaker 1: draw a dotted line to related to waffles. It's about dogs, 471 00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:57,200 Speaker 1: but I will tell you that in my house growing up, 472 00:27:57,280 --> 00:28:00,439 Speaker 1: where my parents bred dogs for a while, uh, the 473 00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:04,879 Speaker 1: dogs got pancakes on Sunday right along with us, nice 474 00:28:06,920 --> 00:28:09,760 Speaker 1: fresh off the griddle. So it's kind of related. But 475 00:28:09,880 --> 00:28:12,080 Speaker 1: this is from our listener Ellen, who writes, Hi, Holly 476 00:28:12,119 --> 00:28:14,040 Speaker 1: and Tracy. I had a laugh today on my drive 477 00:28:14,080 --> 00:28:16,600 Speaker 1: home while listening to the listener mail responses at the 478 00:28:16,640 --> 00:28:19,240 Speaker 1: end of the Maria on a Mozart podcast. I have, 479 00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:21,640 Speaker 1: of course heard the black cats are the least popular 480 00:28:21,680 --> 00:28:24,359 Speaker 1: to adopt, but I've heard differently about the unpopular color 481 00:28:24,400 --> 00:28:27,439 Speaker 1: of dogs. We adopted a Chihuahua mix a couple of 482 00:28:27,520 --> 00:28:29,920 Speaker 1: years ago, and the rescue foundation we got her from 483 00:28:29,960 --> 00:28:33,000 Speaker 1: informed us that she was in fact least popular color 484 00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:35,359 Speaker 1: of dogs to be rescued. Her name is Pico and 485 00:28:35,400 --> 00:28:38,959 Speaker 1: she's beige or more accurately tan, but beige sounds fancier. Somehow, 486 00:28:39,520 --> 00:28:41,840 Speaker 1: My boyfriend and I are big believers in pet adoption. 487 00:28:42,280 --> 00:28:44,640 Speaker 1: We also have a black cat named Bit, and just 488 00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:46,640 Speaker 1: last week took in a barn kitten who we have 489 00:28:46,720 --> 00:28:49,280 Speaker 1: named Nano. I've attached pictures, of course, and I hope 490 00:28:49,320 --> 00:28:51,880 Speaker 1: they brighten your days. Stay strong through COVID. Thank you 491 00:28:51,920 --> 00:28:56,920 Speaker 1: for providing some entertainment for the masses. Ellen Um, Yeah, 492 00:28:56,960 --> 00:29:00,960 Speaker 1: I had not ever heard that beige uh dogs are 493 00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:03,520 Speaker 1: get to have a lower adoption rate. I don't, I 494 00:29:03,560 --> 00:29:06,800 Speaker 1: don't know. I um. I think all the dogs should 495 00:29:06,800 --> 00:29:10,640 Speaker 1: get adopted, but that's a hard bill to fill, I understand, um. 496 00:29:10,680 --> 00:29:14,440 Speaker 1: And also just yea for adopting rescue animals. It makes 497 00:29:14,480 --> 00:29:17,000 Speaker 1: me so happy to hear that all of these creatures 498 00:29:17,040 --> 00:29:19,800 Speaker 1: you're gonna a home that loves them and sends adorable 499 00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:23,040 Speaker 1: pictures of them. That cat is beautiful, we all know, 500 00:29:23,720 --> 00:29:27,719 Speaker 1: and frankly, this dog is super super cute. So Pico, 501 00:29:28,880 --> 00:29:30,320 Speaker 1: I don't know what held you up, but I'm glad 502 00:29:30,320 --> 00:29:32,680 Speaker 1: you landed where you did. If you would like to 503 00:29:32,720 --> 00:29:35,240 Speaker 1: write to us, you can do so. Please send pictures 504 00:29:35,280 --> 00:29:37,400 Speaker 1: of your dogs and kiddies. We love them. You can 505 00:29:37,440 --> 00:29:40,240 Speaker 1: do that at History podcast at i heeart radio dot com. 506 00:29:40,280 --> 00:29:42,440 Speaker 1: You can also find us pretty much everywhere on social 507 00:29:42,480 --> 00:29:45,480 Speaker 1: media as Missed in History, and if you'd like to subscribe, 508 00:29:45,520 --> 00:29:47,160 Speaker 1: you can do that on the iHeart Radio app, at 509 00:29:47,160 --> 00:29:49,920 Speaker 1: Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. 510 00:29:55,080 --> 00:29:57,240 Speaker 1: Stuff you Missed in History Class is a production of 511 00:29:57,320 --> 00:30:00,520 Speaker 1: I heart Radio. For more podcasts from I heart Radio, 512 00:30:00,720 --> 00:30:03,719 Speaker 1: visit the i heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever 513 00:30:03,800 --> 00:30:09,400 Speaker 1: you listen to your favorite shows. H m hm