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Speaker 1: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are solely

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Speaker 1: those of the podcast author or individuals participating in the podcast,

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Speaker 1: and do not necessarily represent those of iHeartMedia, How Stuff Works,

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Speaker 1: or its employees.

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Speaker 2: For law enforcement, every homicide case is a puzzle, some

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Speaker 2: more difficult than others.

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Speaker 3: Two hundred pieces versus two hundred thousands.

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Speaker 2: The Zodiac killer took the idea of a puzzle quite literally,

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Speaker 2: forcing everyone to play his little game. This may be

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Speaker 2: with the Zodiac is known for best codes and taunting

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Speaker 2: letters to press and police, But would there be any

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Speaker 2: answers to his riddle?

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Speaker 3: Any content to his code?

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Speaker 2: Was all this affront a powerplay and not worth the

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Speaker 2: attention he so desperately sought That was left up to

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Speaker 2: the press.

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Speaker 3: Game on.

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Speaker 4: A man in a match, robbed, tied, and stab them,

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Speaker 4: leaving them for.

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Speaker 5: Damn subjects stated, I want to report a murder, no

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Speaker 5: a double murder.

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Speaker 4: I did it a man who wore a medieval style

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Speaker 4: executioners hood, carried a knife and gun and intended to

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Speaker 4: use them.

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Speaker 5: They haven't arrested me because they can't prove a thing.

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Speaker 6: I'm not the damn Zodiac.

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Speaker 4: Who is the Zodiac? And where is he.

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Speaker 2: From iHeartRadio, Helstuff Works and Tenderfoot TV.

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Speaker 3: This is Monster, the Zodiac Killer.

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Speaker 7: When he committed the murders on Lake Kerman Road, he

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Speaker 7: didn't make any effort to communicate with the media or

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Speaker 7: take responsibility for it, but there was a lot of

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Speaker 7: media attention around it. And then when he struck again

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Speaker 7: in July of nineteen sixty nine, there was enormous media coverage,

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Speaker 7: largely because of the phone call he made afterwards where

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Speaker 7: he took credit for that crime and the murders on

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Speaker 7: Lake Kerman Road.

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Speaker 8: If you will go one mile east on Columbus Parkway,

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Speaker 8: you'll kids in a brown car. They were shot with

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Speaker 8: a nine milimeter luger. I also killed those kids last year.

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Speaker 7: So now he's created this sensational story that there's a

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Speaker 7: psychotic killer out there, a serial killer who's responsible for

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Speaker 7: two crimes, not just one. Twenty six days later is

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Speaker 7: when I get the first Zodiac letters.

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Speaker 4: A strange letter arrives at the offices of three Northern

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Speaker 4: California newspapers.

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Speaker 7: He's created a whole other game.

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Speaker 3: Now.

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Speaker 1: On July thirty first, nineteen sixty nine, the zodiaccent envelopes

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Speaker 1: to three Bay area newspapers. Each envelope included two sheets,

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Speaker 1: a handwritten letter, and one third of a three part

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Speaker 1: coded message known as a cryptogram or a cipher. This

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Speaker 1: coded message is very important to the case, but let's

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Speaker 1: focus on the letter first. Duffy Jennings was working at

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Speaker 1: the San Francisco Chronicle when the first or arrived.

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Speaker 6: I'll never forget my first day walking into the Chronicle.

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Speaker 6: The day before, I had come in to do an interview,

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Speaker 6: but it was in the morning, and there's not a

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Speaker 6: lot of activity, you know, mostly activity in the morning papers,

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Speaker 6: late afternoon. But when I came in to start work

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Speaker 6: the next afternoon, I think it was probably two o'clock.

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Speaker 6: It was equivalent the first time I walked into the

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Speaker 6: Yankee Stadium and saw that grass, and everybody talks about

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Speaker 6: that first experience overwhelming. It is the majesty of it.

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Speaker 6: And that's what I sensed at the Chronicle. It was

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Speaker 6: total chaos. Desks were disheveled and crowded with papers, and

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Speaker 6: there was stuff everywhere, and people were smoking. I could

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Speaker 6: smell pencil shavings, glue, printers, ink, lots of people talking

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Speaker 6: loudly and guys yelling copy and guys at the desk

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Speaker 6: yelling first edition. It was just a typical day. But

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Speaker 6: that's how it was every afternoon. The closer I got

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Speaker 6: to five o'clock, people were on deadline. Editors were yelling,

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Speaker 6: you need to explain this, or rewrite this, or you know,

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Speaker 6: whatever it was, And I was just captivated. But I

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Speaker 6: was mesmerized by this. It was just kind of an

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Speaker 6: overwhelming sensory experience to be in and around this environment.

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Speaker 6: I would come in and wait to be assigned to

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Speaker 6: cover something. When the first letter came, I was among

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Speaker 6: the copy boys sorting mail. The first letter didn't cause

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Speaker 6: a lot of consternation in the sense that nobody knew

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Speaker 6: quite what to make of it. Time. It was viewed

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Speaker 6: really as here's a nutcase playing games and say if

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Speaker 6: you can guess what this is.

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Speaker 1: Here's a portion of the first letter the Zodiac sent

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Speaker 1: to the San Francisco Chronicle.

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Speaker 8: Dear editor, this is the murderer of the two teenagers

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Speaker 8: last Christmas at Lake Herman and the girl on the

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Speaker 8: fourth of July near the off course in Vallejo. Here

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Speaker 8: is part of a cipher. The other two parts of

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Speaker 8: this cipher are being mailed to the editors of the

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Speaker 8: Vallejo Times and San Francisco Examiner. I want you to

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Speaker 8: print ae cipher on the front page of your paper.

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Speaker 8: In this cipher is my identity. If you do not

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Speaker 8: printice by the afternoon of Friday, first of August, I

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Speaker 8: will go on a kill rampage Friday night. I will

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Speaker 8: cruise around all weekend, killing lone people in the night,

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Speaker 8: then move on to kill again.

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Speaker 1: The letter was scrawled in blue felt tip pen. The

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Speaker 1: handwriting was sloppy and cramped, and it was full of misspellings,

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Speaker 1: like Christmas with two s's at the end. The style

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Speaker 1: of this writing seemed a strange contrast to the other sheet,

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Speaker 1: an orderly grid of letters and symbols that the killer

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Speaker 1: said contained his true identity.

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Speaker 7: When the first letters arrived, that was his introduction to

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Speaker 7: the world. This is who I am. I am the murderer,

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Speaker 7: so I'm may be taken seriously. I'm a very dangerous person,

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Speaker 7: and if you don't do what I tell you to do,

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Speaker 7: there will be real consequences.

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Speaker 1: The newspapers weren't sure if the letter came from the killer,

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Speaker 1: and even if it did, should they publish it. On

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Speaker 1: the one hand, you want to take the threat seriously.

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Speaker 1: On the other it's like bargaining with terrorists or printing

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Speaker 1: a mass shooter's manifesto. Do you really want to reward

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Speaker 1: a killer with attention and give them a platform to

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Speaker 1: spread more fear. Two other papers, the San Francisco Examiner

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Speaker 1: in the Vallejo Times, received nearly identical letters but different

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Speaker 1: parts of the code, so the papers had to decide

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Speaker 1: together whether or not to publish.

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Speaker 6: When there's any kind of controversy or question about whether

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Speaker 6: to publish things like this, particularly around threats, My guess

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Speaker 6: is that we talked to the other newspapers and said,

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Speaker 6: are you going to publish your third of the cryptogram?

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Speaker 6: And everybody said, yes, we will. I mean, it's a

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Speaker 6: news story when a killer takes credit publicly for what

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Speaker 6: he's done and then taunts you or the police to

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Speaker 6: solve a puzzle. But even that wasn't up front page story.

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Speaker 1: Two days later, on Saturday, August second, the Chronicle ran

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Speaker 1: the story coded Clue in Murders with a reproduction of

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Speaker 1: the cipher. The Valejo police chief was quoted as saying,

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Speaker 1: we're not satisfied the letter was written by the murderer,

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Speaker 1: and he urged whoever wrote the letter to prove he

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Speaker 1: was the killer by sending more details, perhaps trying to

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Speaker 1: trick the Zodiac into sending something self incriminating. The chief

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Speaker 1: also warned Vallejo residents to avoid lonely places.

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Speaker 7: It wasn't until the police asked, would you send another

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Speaker 7: letter with more details that the next letter came and said,

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Speaker 7: this is the Zodiac speaking.

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Speaker 1: On August fourth, nineteen sixty nine, just two days after

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Speaker 1: the chronicle story, a new letter arrived with the same

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Speaker 1: slanted handwriting.

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Speaker 8: Dear editor, this is the Zodiac speaking in answer to

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Speaker 8: your asking for more details about the good times I've

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Speaker 8: had in Vallejo. I shall be very happy to supply

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Speaker 8: even more material. By the way, are the police having

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Speaker 8: a good time.

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Speaker 3: With the code?

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Speaker 8: If not, tell them to cheer up. When they do

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Speaker 8: crack it, they will have me last Christmas. In that episode,

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Speaker 8: the police were wondering as to how I could shoot

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Speaker 8: and hit my victims in the dark. They did not

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Speaker 8: only state this, but implied this by saying it was

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Speaker 8: a well lit night and I could see the silhouettes

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Speaker 8: on the horizon. Bullshit. That area is surrounded by high

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Speaker 8: hills and trees. What I did was tape a small

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Speaker 8: pencil flashlight to the barrel of my gun. If you notice,

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Speaker 8: you'll see a black or dark spot in the center

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Speaker 8: of the circle of light. One taped to a gun barrel.

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Speaker 8: The bullet will strike exactly in the center of the

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Speaker 8: black dot in the light. All I had to do

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Speaker 8: was spray them is if it was a water hose.

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Speaker 8: I was not happy to see that I did not

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Speaker 8: get front page coverage.

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Speaker 7: When he sends that second letter, now he's the Zodiac killer.

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Speaker 7: He has chosen his own name, his own moniker. And

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Speaker 7: although a lot of serial killers throughout history have nicknames,

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Speaker 7: most don't choose their nicknames for themselves. So that name

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Speaker 7: had some meaning to him that we don't know. But

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Speaker 7: if you look at the handwriting in the Zodiac letters,

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Speaker 7: especially the ones that accompany the cipher, the handwriting looks

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Speaker 7: very sloppy. It looks kind of rushed and just natural handwriting,

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Speaker 7: like I just fired off this letter. Then you look

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Speaker 7: at the cipher, it's very clean and very careful. Each

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Speaker 7: part consisted of a block of symbols, letters from the

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Speaker 7: English language, symbols from astrology and other things, you know,

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Speaker 7: half filled circles backwards letters. They're tidy and then straight rows.

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Speaker 7: He might have used some sort of graphing paper underneath

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Speaker 7: when he was doing it to make sure of that,

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Speaker 7: which says something in and of itself about the killer

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Speaker 7: that tells you right there, this was very.

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Speaker 3: Important to him.

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Speaker 7: It was more important than the letter. And when you

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Speaker 7: look at the cipher itself, it's chilling just to look

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Speaker 7: at it, because you know there's something in it, right,

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Speaker 7: But once you realize what's in it, it's even more frightening.

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Speaker 7: If he just wanted to brag about what he did,

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Speaker 7: he could do that, and he did in that letter.

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Speaker 7: The cipher is another element of this game he's playing.

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Speaker 7: It's not just I'm somebody who has to be taken seriously.

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Speaker 7: I'm dangerous. It's also I'm really clever, and I have

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Speaker 7: something else I want to say. If you want to

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Speaker 7: know who I am, you want to understand what I

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Speaker 7: did and why I do what I do, You're gonna

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Speaker 7: have to work for it. I'm not going to give

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Speaker 7: you everything.

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Speaker 1: The police sent the three parts cipher to the nearby

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Speaker 1: Mare Island Naval Shipyard. There, navy code breakers rushed to

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Speaker 1: crack the Killer's code and to discover the Zodiac's true

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Speaker 1: identity before he killed again.

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Speaker 9: On The published codes stopped hundreds of amateur cryptographers and

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Speaker 9: several intelligence agencies.

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Speaker 1: But surprisingly it was actually two amateurs who ended up

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Speaker 1: solving it. A school teacher and his wife, Don and

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Speaker 1: Betty Harden, saw the code in the newspaper and just

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Speaker 1: decided to give it a shot. Tom Voyd, who runs

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Speaker 1: the website Zodiac killer dot com, recorded the Harden's daughter, Leslie,

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Speaker 1: at a two thousand and eight conference.

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Speaker 10: Began on a Sunday morning fairly early, went on into

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Speaker 10: the afternoon, into the evening, and through the night. They

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Speaker 10: really became, in my eyes, the perfect code breaking team,

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Speaker 10: because my dad had the scientific approach and very logical practices,

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Speaker 10: and my mother had some.

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Speaker 11: Intuition that led them in the direction that they needed

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Speaker 11: to go. My father at some point recognized that he

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Speaker 11: had to go to work the next morning, and when

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Speaker 11: he went.

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Speaker 6: To that.

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Speaker 11: Not so my mother. She did not sleep and ate

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Speaker 11: very little. The next morning, he got up and went

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Speaker 11: off to work.

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Speaker 12: He was a school teacher, came back home and was

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Speaker 12: probably mildly surprised to find that there was no dinner

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Speaker 12: and nothing at all happened in the kitchen.

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Speaker 13: She sat in the chair and he stood behind her.

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Speaker 13: And what really captured my attention for that moment was

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Speaker 13: not the code spread out in front of them at all.

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Speaker 13: It was the look of love on my father's face

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Speaker 13: as he paid over her.

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Speaker 14: And Don Harden. He had a boyhood interest in codes.

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Speaker 14: You know, if it wasn't for Betty's persistence, they wouldn't

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Speaker 14: have finished it.

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Speaker 1: That's David Auranjak, a programmer and amateur cryptographer. He's spent

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Speaker 1: the last decade fascinated by the Zodiacs codes.

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Speaker 14: The first cipher was a simple substitution cipher, basically a

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Speaker 14: simple way to hide a message.

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Speaker 1: Essentially, you substitute each letter with a different letter. So

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Speaker 1: to make a cipher for the word kill, you might

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Speaker 1: substitute J for K, H for I, and b's for

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Speaker 1: both l's. And if you know which letters you substituted,

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Speaker 1: you can then decode JHBB back to kill. But without

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Speaker 1: knowing which letters were substituted, how do you crack that code?

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Speaker 1: The Hardens started by doing what's called a frequency analysis.

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Speaker 14: You count up all the letters and how many times

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Speaker 14: they happen. One of the things about English is that

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Speaker 14: certain letters appear more often than others. In particular, the

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Speaker 14: letter E is the most frequently occurring letter in the

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Speaker 14: English language, and so you can use that information to

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Speaker 14: your advantage when you're looking at a ciphertext. If you

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Speaker 14: find that, say, the letter V is happening a lot

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Speaker 14: more often than the other letters, then there's a good

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00:14:22,720 --> 00:14:24,920
Speaker 14: chance that it stands for the letter E. But the

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Speaker 14: way the Zodiac made it harder and the first cipher

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Speaker 14: was he would take a common letter like E, and

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Speaker 14: instead of assigning one ciphertext letter to it, he assigned

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Speaker 14: seven seven different symbols.

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Speaker 1: That's why the Zodiac used backwards letters in astrological symbols

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Speaker 1: to make his code harder to crack. Undaunted, the Harden's

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Speaker 1: next tried what's called cribbing, plugging specific words into the puzzle.

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Speaker 1: On a simpler cryptogram, you could try to figure out

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Speaker 1: short words first.

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Speaker 14: If the ciphertext has spaces in it, then you know

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Speaker 14: that certain words are likely to happen. For instance, if

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Speaker 14: you see a word that only has one letter, then

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Speaker 14: there's only two words that it can be A and I.

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Speaker 14: But in the first side for text, he did not

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Speaker 14: use word spaces, so that made it a little harder

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Speaker 14: to solve.

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Speaker 1: Still, even without the spaces, you can try and guess

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Speaker 1: if certain groups of symbols represent common words.

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Speaker 14: If you have a right guess and you plug it

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Speaker 14: in and you do the substitutions, other parts of the

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Speaker 14: plaintext will come out. So you'll see fragments of other

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Speaker 14: words like thhe. Well, there's a lot of words to

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Speaker 14: start with THG, so you might be onto something. And

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Speaker 14: if you made a bad guess, then those fragments will

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Speaker 14: look like nonsense. There'll be letters that are next to

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Speaker 14: each other that wouldn't really be next to each other ZQR.

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Speaker 14: That guess is probably wrong. And Betty is attributed to

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Speaker 14: the insight of thinking that he would start it by

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Speaker 14: talking about himself and so it would start with the

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Speaker 14: letter I, and that he would talk about his crime,

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Speaker 14: so he would mention killing. And those intuitions also came

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Speaker 14: from patterns that they observed in the ciphertext. They found

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Speaker 14: symbols that were repeating next to each other. Doing a

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Speaker 14: little research, they found, well, the most common doubled letter

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Speaker 14: in English is LL, and you know LLL appears in.

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Speaker 7: A lot of words all.

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Speaker 14: Will and kill, and so that was a good guess

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Speaker 14: on their part, because kill does appear in the message.

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00:16:25,960 --> 00:16:28,000
Speaker 14: So they tried to plug in those words in different

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Speaker 14: places and eventually found other patterns, and then, through trial

291
00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:34,760
Speaker 14: and error, were able to crack the code.

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Speaker 1: Or at least almost crack the code. At the very

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Speaker 1: end of the message was a string of letters that

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Speaker 1: so far no one has been able to figure.

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Speaker 14: Out the remaining eighteen symbols. It's just gibberish sequence of

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Speaker 14: letters that doesn't make any sense. Zodiac was claiming that

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Speaker 14: his identity was in the message, but when you decode

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Speaker 14: it with the Harden's key, it doesn't say anything about

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Speaker 14: his identity. But since the last eighteen are still undercoded,

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00:17:02,520 --> 00:17:04,920
Speaker 14: that's led to a lot of people thinking, well, maybe

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Speaker 14: he did something else. There's some other process that is

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Speaker 14: different than the key for the rest of the message,

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Speaker 14: and there might be another message in there. Maybe he

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Speaker 14: really did put his identity in there and it's hidden somehow,

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Speaker 14: and those last eighteen and we just haven't figured it out.

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Speaker 1: Leslie, the Harden's daughter, remembers waking up in the middle

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Speaker 1: of the night after her parents cracked the code.

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Speaker 11: Once the message became clear, it was a very frightening message.

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Speaker 15: I do recall being in my room, coming in and

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Speaker 15: out of sleep, mostly nightmares and scary images, because the

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Speaker 15: words that were floating down the hallway were frightening words.

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Speaker 11: Kill dangerous animal.

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Speaker 1: This is the message that was hidden in the Zodia

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Speaker 1: Acts three parts cipher.

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Speaker 8: I like killing people because it is so much fun.

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Speaker 8: It is more fun than killing weld game in the forest,

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Speaker 8: because man is the most dangerous animal of all. To

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Speaker 8: kill something gives me the most thrilling experience. It is

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Speaker 8: even better than getting your rocks off with a girl.

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Speaker 8: The best part of it is that when I die,

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Speaker 8: I'll be reborn in paradise and all that I have

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Speaker 8: killed will become my slaves. I will not give you

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Speaker 8: my name because you will try to slow down or

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Speaker 8: stop my collection of slaves for my afterlife.

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Speaker 12: All of a sudden, what looks like a message, and

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Speaker 12: the question at hand was what do we do now?

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Speaker 12: They decided that they would do what the paper suggested.

328
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Speaker 12: The paper had said, I think you might have a solution.

329
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Speaker 12: Call this number.

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Speaker 11: So they did. But once they did, it got a

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Speaker 11: whole lot more interesting.

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Speaker 1: The decoded message didn't reveal the Zodiac's true identity, as

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Speaker 1: he had promised, but it did give clues as to

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Speaker 1: who the zodiac might be.

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Speaker 7: In the Zodiac Seiphered message, he referred to man as

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Speaker 7: the most dangerous animal of all, which some people have

337
00:19:42,480 --> 00:19:45,879
Speaker 7: interpreted as a reference to the book and or the

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Speaker 7: movie The Most Dangerous Game. A lot of us who

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Speaker 7: are older, we had to read that story in high school.

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Speaker 7: And if you were a teenager who read that in

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Speaker 7: high school and you were harboring some sort of violent fantasies,

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Speaker 7: then you're not sympathizing with the victims the way most

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Speaker 7: of us do. When you read that story, do you

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Speaker 7: think about being the hunter Count Tsarov who lives on

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Speaker 7: this island where he has constructed things designed to make

346
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Speaker 7: ships crash on the shore so that people will be

347
00:20:17,080 --> 00:20:18,320
Speaker 7: deserted on this island.

348
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Speaker 13: I'm not trying to intrude, but I'm in sort of

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Speaker 13: a jam. Are you the owner here? Yes?

350
00:20:23,320 --> 00:20:24,600
Speaker 2: I am Count Zubtolf.

351
00:20:25,320 --> 00:20:28,320
Speaker 7: And of course he pretends to be a gracious host

352
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Speaker 7: and invites them to stay and everything.

353
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Speaker 5: God made some in kings, some big us me he

354
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Speaker 5: made a.

355
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Speaker 7: Hunter, only for them to learn that he really intends

356
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Speaker 7: to hunt.

357
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Speaker 3: Them like animals here on my island.

358
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Speaker 5: I hunt the Most Dangerous Game.

359
00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:48,920
Speaker 8: You write me take half drowned men from ships you

360
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Speaker 8: wrecked and drive them out to be hunted.

361
00:20:51,400 --> 00:20:56,359
Speaker 5: Only after the keel does man know the true extosial.

362
00:20:55,800 --> 00:21:01,879
Speaker 7: Love Count Tzarov obviously the name starts with the letter Z.

363
00:21:02,840 --> 00:21:06,919
Speaker 7: He wears a costume of sorts, and he stalks his

364
00:21:07,040 --> 00:21:11,159
Speaker 7: victims like prey. The whole story is structured around the

365
00:21:11,240 --> 00:21:17,159
Speaker 7: idea that killing is sort of an intellectual exercise, that

366
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Speaker 7: it's sort of a right of man to hunt another

367
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Speaker 7: human being, that killing is part of human nature, and

368
00:21:24,440 --> 00:21:27,399
Speaker 7: the Zodiac may have been very drawn to a story

369
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Speaker 7: with those elements. He may have decided to emulate certain

370
00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:33,760
Speaker 7: aspects of Count Zaroff.

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Speaker 16: And maybe that might explain the difference between those first

372
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Speaker 16: two attacks the Bliss create shootings at night.

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Speaker 7: After that, it's not the same kind of crime because

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Speaker 7: in the story The Most Dangerous Game, Count Zarov doesn't

375
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Speaker 7: come out saying I'm going to kill you. He makes

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Speaker 7: you think that he's a friendly person. He wants you

377
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Speaker 7: to participate in his game. He needs you to feel

378
00:22:01,280 --> 00:22:04,080
Speaker 7: safe so that when you find out that you're no

379
00:22:04,160 --> 00:22:07,119
Speaker 7: longer safe, he can see that fear in you and

380
00:22:07,160 --> 00:22:10,240
Speaker 7: that fearrest part of the hunt, So I think with

381
00:22:10,320 --> 00:22:13,199
Speaker 7: the Zodiac there may have been some element of that

382
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Speaker 7: that he decided it's not enough for me to just

383
00:22:15,240 --> 00:22:17,720
Speaker 7: shoot these people. I need to talk to them. I

384
00:22:17,760 --> 00:22:19,880
Speaker 7: need to look in their eyes and see them going, oh,

385
00:22:19,880 --> 00:22:23,440
Speaker 7: everything's okay now, and then look in their eyes when

386
00:22:23,480 --> 00:22:25,840
Speaker 7: I flip on them and they find out that this

387
00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:28,920
Speaker 7: is not what they thought and that their lives.

388
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Speaker 9: Are at statement.

389
00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:35,199
Speaker 1: Why did the Zodiac quote the villain from what at

390
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Speaker 1: the time was almost a fifty year old story. Maybe

391
00:22:38,480 --> 00:22:41,399
Speaker 1: it's how he saw himself a movie villain playing with

392
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Speaker 1: his victims. There were other possible clues about the Zodiac's

393
00:22:45,080 --> 00:22:49,399
Speaker 1: identity hidden in the cipher, such as this line, to

394
00:22:49,480 --> 00:22:53,399
Speaker 1: kill something gives me the most thrilling experience. It is

395
00:22:53,400 --> 00:22:55,000
Speaker 1: even better than getting your rocks off.

396
00:22:54,880 --> 00:22:55,359
Speaker 8: With a girl.

397
00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:01,399
Speaker 1: Psychiatrists at the time speculate that this line reflected the

398
00:23:01,480 --> 00:23:05,119
Speaker 1: killer's feelings of sexual inadequacy, but it may have also

399
00:23:05,240 --> 00:23:09,480
Speaker 1: been literal. The Zodiac may be a sadist, someone who

400
00:23:09,480 --> 00:23:13,480
Speaker 1: feels excitement or pleasure from inflicting pain. To learn more

401
00:23:13,480 --> 00:23:18,679
Speaker 1: about sadism, we spoke with criminal psychology professor Eric Hickey.

402
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Speaker 9: My name is doctor Eric Hickey. I'm a criminal psychologist.

403
00:23:23,840 --> 00:23:26,280
Speaker 9: Some days I'm just a criminalistimes I'm just a psychologist.

404
00:23:27,800 --> 00:23:31,560
Speaker 1: Professor Hickey literally wrote the book on serial killers. It's

405
00:23:31,600 --> 00:23:34,680
Speaker 1: a textbook called Serial Murderers and Their Victims.

406
00:23:35,080 --> 00:23:37,000
Speaker 9: One day I got a phone call from the media

407
00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:41,120
Speaker 9: and there was a case of a mass murderer. When

408
00:23:41,160 --> 00:23:43,560
Speaker 9: they searched his car, they've found a couple of books

409
00:23:43,560 --> 00:23:46,119
Speaker 9: in the backseat of his car, and one of the

410
00:23:46,119 --> 00:23:49,800
Speaker 9: books was my book on sera murder. They said, doctor Key,

411
00:23:50,600 --> 00:23:54,000
Speaker 9: how do you feel about the fact that this serial

412
00:23:54,080 --> 00:23:56,840
Speaker 9: or mass murderer had your book in his car? Like

413
00:23:56,840 --> 00:23:58,440
Speaker 9: I'm supposed to feel badly that I wrote a book

414
00:23:58,440 --> 00:24:01,640
Speaker 9: about serial murders. No, And I said, well, why would

415
00:24:01,640 --> 00:24:04,600
Speaker 9: I be upset about that? The point is this is

416
00:24:04,640 --> 00:24:07,720
Speaker 9: for public education to make it more aware of these

417
00:24:07,720 --> 00:24:08,359
Speaker 9: types of people.

418
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Speaker 1: Professor Hickey says two thirds of serial killers are sexual predators,

419
00:24:13,960 --> 00:24:18,879
Speaker 1: and many have unusual desires like sadism. Hickey says that

420
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Speaker 1: even though the Zodiac didn't sexually assault his victims, the

421
00:24:22,560 --> 00:24:24,959
Speaker 1: killings could have been sexually motivated.

422
00:24:25,640 --> 00:24:30,800
Speaker 9: So sadism is what we call it paraphilia perophilia, meaning

423
00:24:30,840 --> 00:24:34,840
Speaker 9: that they get sexual arousement and gratification through bizarre imagery, fantasies,

424
00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:41,080
Speaker 9: and behavior. There's hundreds and hundreds of paraphilia, and probably

425
00:24:41,080 --> 00:24:44,520
Speaker 9: a sixty percent of them are not criminal. If people

426
00:24:44,520 --> 00:24:46,600
Speaker 9: want to have sex with doorknobs, that's their business, it's

427
00:24:46,640 --> 00:24:49,440
Speaker 9: not a crime. A person could have a footfeth that's

428
00:24:49,440 --> 00:24:52,400
Speaker 9: not a crime. It is a crime. However, if they

429
00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:55,560
Speaker 9: break into people's homes and peel off their blanket while

430
00:24:55,560 --> 00:24:58,600
Speaker 9: they're asleep and stuck on their toes, that's a crime.

431
00:25:00,160 --> 00:25:03,240
Speaker 9: So there's a whole variety of criminal paraphilia that are

432
00:25:03,280 --> 00:25:09,040
Speaker 9: not physically harmful, but they are still criminal, like voyeurism, exhibitionism,

433
00:25:09,240 --> 00:25:12,520
Speaker 9: somnophilia where you would like to watch people asleep. Those

434
00:25:12,560 --> 00:25:15,560
Speaker 9: are criminal, but nobody gets hurt. But people who are

435
00:25:15,600 --> 00:25:19,040
Speaker 9: driven to kill serially, those not the kind out less

436
00:25:19,040 --> 00:25:22,440
Speaker 9: they're looking for. If you're a serial killer and you're statistic,

437
00:25:23,520 --> 00:25:25,560
Speaker 9: you're not into consent. You want to be able to

438
00:25:25,600 --> 00:25:28,160
Speaker 9: do what you want to do. A Zodiac and no

439
00:25:28,200 --> 00:25:31,400
Speaker 9: problem killing people and making them suffer as he did it.

440
00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:35,879
Speaker 1: Hickey thinks of the Zodiac sadism likely extended beyond the

441
00:25:35,960 --> 00:25:38,679
Speaker 1: killings to the letters, the puzzles, the.

442
00:25:38,720 --> 00:25:41,119
Speaker 9: Way he taught the police. There was an element of

443
00:25:41,160 --> 00:25:44,440
Speaker 9: sadism there. He liked creating fear in the public's eye.

444
00:25:44,600 --> 00:25:48,320
Speaker 9: I'm sure that he liked reading about himself in newspapers.

445
00:25:48,760 --> 00:25:51,200
Speaker 9: That would have been quite gratifying to him. He could

446
00:25:51,200 --> 00:25:52,879
Speaker 9: become kind of contact the Ripper.

447
00:25:54,920 --> 00:25:57,680
Speaker 1: Jack the Ripper also sent letters to newspapers when he

448
00:25:57,800 --> 00:26:01,239
Speaker 1: terrorized London in the late eighteen hundreds. One read the

449
00:26:01,280 --> 00:26:03,879
Speaker 1: next job I do, I shall clip the lady's ears

450
00:26:03,920 --> 00:26:07,360
Speaker 1: off and send the police officers just for jolly. Many

451
00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:09,840
Speaker 1: thought it was a hoax, until three days later a

452
00:26:09,880 --> 00:26:12,560
Speaker 1: woman was found dead, her ear lobe severed.

453
00:26:12,920 --> 00:26:15,399
Speaker 9: I think that that was something that the Zodiac and

454
00:26:15,480 --> 00:26:19,200
Speaker 9: was trying to attain. Was that sort of notoriety. He

455
00:26:19,200 --> 00:26:22,600
Speaker 9: held the city of San Francisco in fear. It was

456
00:26:22,720 --> 00:26:25,600
Speaker 9: all his doing, and that would make him feel very powerful,

457
00:26:26,960 --> 00:26:28,639
Speaker 9: and it gave him great pleasure in doing it. So

458
00:26:29,160 --> 00:26:32,399
Speaker 9: there was that sort of sadistic approach, not just to

459
00:26:32,400 --> 00:26:34,600
Speaker 9: his victims, but also to the general public.

460
00:26:36,440 --> 00:26:39,560
Speaker 1: So the Zodiac is likely a sadist, a term named

461
00:26:39,560 --> 00:26:43,639
Speaker 1: after the Marquis de Sod, a French philosopher and novelist.

462
00:26:43,960 --> 00:26:46,879
Speaker 1: Sod wrote in his book Juliet, it is an article

463
00:26:46,880 --> 00:26:49,760
Speaker 1: of faith on the island of Borneo that all those

464
00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:52,639
Speaker 1: persons a man kills will be his slaves in the

465
00:26:52,680 --> 00:26:56,040
Speaker 1: next world. And as a result, the better a man

466
00:26:56,119 --> 00:26:58,959
Speaker 1: wishes to be served after his death, the more he

467
00:26:59,080 --> 00:27:02,399
Speaker 1: kills during life, which brings us to the end of

468
00:27:02,440 --> 00:27:03,000
Speaker 1: the cipher.

469
00:27:04,600 --> 00:27:08,880
Speaker 8: When I die, I'll be reborn in paradise, and all

470
00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:12,200
Speaker 8: that I have killed will become my slaves. I will

471
00:27:12,200 --> 00:27:14,840
Speaker 8: not give you my name, because you will try to

472
00:27:14,880 --> 00:27:19,639
Speaker 8: slow down or stop my collection of slaves for my afterlife.

473
00:27:22,800 --> 00:27:25,240
Speaker 1: Had the Zodiac read that passage from the Marquis de

474
00:27:25,359 --> 00:27:29,160
Speaker 1: Sade or heard about these beliefs somewhere else. Either way,

475
00:27:29,240 --> 00:27:32,359
Speaker 1: this fantasy of slaves in the afterlife speaks to the

476
00:27:32,440 --> 00:27:39,280
Speaker 1: Zodiac's intense desire for power and control. The Zodiac's murders

477
00:27:39,320 --> 00:27:42,800
Speaker 1: and phone call were cold hearted, his letters were twisted,

478
00:27:43,480 --> 00:27:47,040
Speaker 1: but the decoded cipher revealed just how truly deranged the

479
00:27:47,119 --> 00:27:51,040
Speaker 1: Zodiac was. As San Francisco would soon find out, what

480
00:27:51,080 --> 00:27:55,560
Speaker 1: they'd seen so far was just the beginning. The Zodiac

481
00:27:56,080 --> 00:28:01,080
Speaker 1: was ramping up. Professor Hickey told us serial killers often

482
00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:03,360
Speaker 1: intensify their crimes over time.

483
00:28:04,119 --> 00:28:07,240
Speaker 9: There's sort of this evolvement with serial killers that we see.

484
00:28:07,760 --> 00:28:11,560
Speaker 9: There is a long process. Look at Jeffrey Dahmer. Nobody

485
00:28:11,560 --> 00:28:13,480
Speaker 9: wakes up in the morning and said, I'm an acrophile.

486
00:28:13,880 --> 00:28:15,480
Speaker 9: They wake up feeling that they want to be with

487
00:28:15,480 --> 00:28:17,760
Speaker 9: someone who's been buried. And that's what Dahmer did. He

488
00:28:17,760 --> 00:28:20,040
Speaker 9: wanted to be with someone who has been buried because

489
00:28:20,080 --> 00:28:22,800
Speaker 9: he has such low self esteem. He didn't feel comfortable

490
00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:26,560
Speaker 9: with the live person. And then he progressed wanted to

491
00:28:26,600 --> 00:28:29,600
Speaker 9: be with blow up dolls and mannequins and so on,

492
00:28:29,680 --> 00:28:32,240
Speaker 9: and then he progressed from that to dead animals, and

493
00:28:32,240 --> 00:28:35,320
Speaker 9: then from there he went into bringing people home, and

494
00:28:35,320 --> 00:28:37,440
Speaker 9: when they wanted to leave them, he'd make them unconscious,

495
00:28:37,640 --> 00:28:39,640
Speaker 9: then drill holes in their heads and put mer curic

496
00:28:39,680 --> 00:28:44,480
Speaker 9: acid in to make them into zombies. And then he

497
00:28:44,520 --> 00:28:47,480
Speaker 9: progressed from there to evisceraating them and then having sex

498
00:28:47,560 --> 00:28:52,360
Speaker 9: with the corpse and started cannibalizing them. He went down

499
00:28:52,440 --> 00:28:56,360
Speaker 9: this long, dark, dark pathway that each time he did,

500
00:28:56,360 --> 00:28:58,720
Speaker 9: his fantasies get more and more evolved.

501
00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:04,960
Speaker 1: Like Jeffrey Dahmer, the Zodiac was also beginning to evolve.

502
00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:10,040
Speaker 1: His codes would become more complex, his letters increasingly bizarre,

503
00:29:10,480 --> 00:29:13,680
Speaker 1: and his murders more ritualistic and sadistic.

504
00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:19,240
Speaker 3: Next time on Monster the Zodiac.

505
00:29:18,880 --> 00:29:23,600
Speaker 4: Killer, Celia Shephard and Brian Hartnell, both in their early twenties,

506
00:29:24,080 --> 00:29:26,800
Speaker 4: were sitting on this knoll of land overlooking part of

507
00:29:26,880 --> 00:29:31,080
Speaker 4: Lake Barriessa. They thought they were alone, but there was

508
00:29:31,120 --> 00:29:33,560
Speaker 4: a third man on this knoll, a man who wore

509
00:29:33,600 --> 00:29:37,880
Speaker 4: a medieval style executioner's hood, carried a knife and gun

510
00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:39,520
Speaker 4: and intended to use.

511
00:29:39,400 --> 00:29:41,880
Speaker 7: Them whenever redrive here.

512
00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:44,800
Speaker 16: I'm like, Wow, he drove the same exact way just

513
00:29:44,840 --> 00:29:46,520
Speaker 16: to get here and do that.

514
00:29:46,840 --> 00:29:48,320
Speaker 3: It is crazy to think about.

515
00:29:49,720 --> 00:29:53,200
Speaker 7: This guy is a pathological, a psycho.

516
00:29:53,560 --> 00:29:57,800
Speaker 5: Killer found this young girl in on the shoreland here.

517
00:29:58,600 --> 00:30:01,520
Speaker 5: I've had eleven years patrol on Miss Lake and I've

518
00:30:01,560 --> 00:30:04,120
Speaker 5: seen a lot of people cut up by boat accidents

519
00:30:04,160 --> 00:30:07,160
Speaker 5: and smaticism. One of the worst things I ever witnessed.

520
00:30:27,480 --> 00:30:31,800
Speaker 2: Monster the Zodiac Killer is a fifteen episode podcast produced

521
00:30:31,800 --> 00:30:36,640
Speaker 2: by iHeartRadio, House, Stuff Works and Tenderfoot TV. Donald Albright

522
00:30:36,680 --> 00:30:39,640
Speaker 2: and I are executive producers on behalf of Tenderfoot TV,

523
00:30:40,080 --> 00:30:44,080
Speaker 2: alongside producers Meredith Stebman, Mason Lindsay and Christina Dana.

524
00:30:44,520 --> 00:30:46,440
Speaker 3: Jason Hoak is executive.

525
00:30:45,960 --> 00:30:48,960
Speaker 2: Producer on behalf of How Stuff Works, along with producers

526
00:30:48,960 --> 00:30:53,880
Speaker 2: Trevor Young, Miranda Hawkins, ben Keebrick, and Josh Thain. Scott

527
00:30:53,880 --> 00:30:58,000
Speaker 2: Benjamin provides additional voice talent. Matt Frederick is our host.

528
00:30:58,520 --> 00:31:02,320
Speaker 2: Original music is by Up in Vanity Set. If you

529
00:31:02,360 --> 00:31:04,560
Speaker 2: haven't already, make sure to check out the first season

530
00:31:04,560 --> 00:31:08,040
Speaker 2: of Monster called Atlanta Monster, about the Atlanta child murders

531
00:31:08,120 --> 00:31:10,920
Speaker 2: from the late seventies to the early eighties. Download the

532
00:31:10,920 --> 00:31:14,959
Speaker 2: ten episode season right now. Have questions or comments, email

533
00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:18,840
Speaker 2: us at Monster at HowStuffWorks dot com, or you can

534
00:31:18,880 --> 00:31:22,200
Speaker 2: call us at one eight three three two eight five

535
00:31:22,520 --> 00:31:23,640
Speaker 2: sixty six sixty seven.

536
00:31:24,360 --> 00:31:25,120
Speaker 3: Thanks for listening.