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Speaker 1: Welcome to tex Stuff, a production from I Heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: Hey there, and welcome to tech Stuff. I'm your host

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Speaker 1: Jonathan Strickland. I'm an executive producer with I Heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: And how the tech are you. It's time for the

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Speaker 1: tech news for Tuesday, June two thousand twenty two. Our

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Speaker 1: first news item is about Google's conversation model AI that's

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Speaker 1: called Lambda L A M D A. Now I covered

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Speaker 1: this in yesterday's tech Stuff episode, but in case you

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Speaker 1: missed it, here is the short version. An engineer at

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Speaker 1: Google working in the Responsible AI division was suspended from

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Speaker 1: his job after saying the AI might be sentient. The engineer,

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Speaker 1: Blake Lemouan, shared a transcript of a few conversations that

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Speaker 1: he and a colleague of his had with the conversation engine,

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Speaker 1: during which the engine argued that it was conscious and

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Speaker 1: that it experienced emotions. Google suspended the engineer for violating

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Speaker 1: a confidentiality policy, which undoubtedly helped fuel speculation about the

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Speaker 1: model's alleged sentience. Now, several AI experts have weighed in

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Speaker 1: on this, and the general consensus is that Lambda is

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Speaker 1: nowhere close to being sentient or conscious. It's just good

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Speaker 1: at what it's supposed to do, which is to generate

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Speaker 1: conversational dialogue. But as Gary Marcus, who is the founder

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Speaker 1: of geometric intelligence, put it, what that really does is

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Speaker 1: it just means Lambda is a very advanced version of

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Speaker 1: auto complete. Lambda uses statistics to determine what to say next.

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Speaker 1: So imagine you had a truly enormous database that contains

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Speaker 1: practically all the conversations that have ever been recorded, and

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Speaker 1: you could see which responses were more prevalent to particular

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Speaker 1: lines of conversation, weigh them against each other, and create

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Speaker 1: an engine that could select the appropriate one at the

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Speaker 1: appropriate time. So you use a very complicated version of

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Speaker 1: this general approach and you get something like lambda. It's

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Speaker 1: a process that can construct sentences that seem natural because

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Speaker 1: they are drawn from natural conversations, not you know, verbatim,

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Speaker 1: but that's what is being used to model it. It's

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Speaker 1: a very cool technology, but it's not sentient AI. As

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Speaker 1: I mentioned yesterday, we humans have a tendency to ascribe

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Speaker 1: human like traits to non human things, whether that be animals,

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Speaker 1: your car, or a chatbot. We imagine there's a mind

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Speaker 1: at work, when in many cases no such mind exists.

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Speaker 1: I still think this raises questions about what it will

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Speaker 1: take for us to conclude that an AI has gained

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Speaker 1: some form of consciousness, And I don't know what the

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Speaker 1: answer is to that, But then I'm not an AI expert,

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Speaker 1: and I imagine the folks who are really deep in

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Speaker 1: this research have a much better grasp of what it

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Speaker 1: would take for us to consider any evidence to be

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Speaker 1: close to conclusive. Google has agreed to a one eighteen

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Speaker 1: million dollar settlement in a class action lawsuit brought against

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Speaker 1: it by employees, namely women who worked for Google since

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Speaker 1: two thousand thirteen. And these are women who say they

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Speaker 1: were paid significantly less than their male counterparts who were

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Speaker 1: working in the same kind of jobs. Specifically, on average,

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Speaker 1: women were paid sixteen thousand, seven hundred ninety four dollars

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Speaker 1: less than men in similar positions. On average. That includes

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Speaker 1: not just base compensation, but also stuff like bonuses and

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Speaker 1: stock options. In addition, the lawsuit accused Google of placing

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Speaker 1: women in lower level positions than men with similar experience,

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Speaker 1: and that when employees were leaving the company, Google failed

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Speaker 1: to pay out the full amount that was owed to

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Speaker 1: those employees. This was a pretty big lawsuit. There were

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Speaker 1: more than fifteen thousand women who had worked for Google

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Speaker 1: since twenty that were part of it. Four of the

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Speaker 1: women will receive significant payouts. Kelly List will receive seventy dollars,

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Speaker 1: three others will get fifty tho each, and the rest

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Speaker 1: of those fifteen thousand plus women will get on average

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Speaker 1: around five thousand dollars. The rest of the cash goes to,

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Speaker 1: of course, you know, lawyers, legal fees, that kind of thing.

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Speaker 1: So does this mean that we're going to see some

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Speaker 1: massive changes at Google. Well, this was a settlement, not

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Speaker 1: a legal judgment, and Google has not admitted to any

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Speaker 1: kind of wrongdoing. Rather, Google reps say that the company

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Speaker 1: frequently reviews compensation and whenever it finds inequities, it makes

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Speaker 1: quote unquote upward adjustments to remove those inequities. I certainly

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Speaker 1: hope that Google Walks that walk, Google Talk a k

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Speaker 1: A g Chat is finally right off to that there,

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Speaker 1: sunset alright, settle in. This gets confusing because, let's face it,

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Speaker 1: Google is not great at introducing and then continuing to

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Speaker 1: support its various products. The company as an incredibly long

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Speaker 1: list of services that have long since gone away. And

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Speaker 1: let's just pause and think for a moment about some

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Speaker 1: of those services like Google Wave, Google Buzz, and Google Plus.

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Speaker 1: So Google Talk g Chat was an instant messaging service

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Speaker 1: nested within Gmail. You could pop into your Gmail account

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Speaker 1: and send messages to your various contacts through Talk rather

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Speaker 1: than type out a full email. Well, Google would later

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Speaker 1: introduce a similar service called Hangouts, and in Google pushed

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Speaker 1: Gmail users from Talk to Hangouts. However, Talk itself technically

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Speaker 1: still stuck around, not really as its own thing. People

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Speaker 1: weren't going to that independently that much. Instead, it was

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Speaker 1: a platform that other apps depended upon, like Pigeon was

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Speaker 1: one of those apps, p I, d G I N.

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Speaker 1: But on the Google is finally pulling the plug on Talk.

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Speaker 1: As for Hangouts, well, Hangout technically became Google Chat in

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Speaker 1: so what will it be tomorrow? I don't even think

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Speaker 1: Google knows the answer to that. Speaking of legacy services

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Speaker 1: getting the plug pulled on them, let's talk about Internet Explorer,

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Speaker 1: once the king of all web browsers, Microsoft will finally

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Speaker 1: end all support for Internet Explorer tomorrow, which is June two,

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Speaker 1: twenty two if you're listening to this news episode in

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Speaker 1: the future. For some reason, I E first debuted in

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Speaker 1: and it was a major part of Microsoft strategy as

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Speaker 1: Windows was dominating the PC space. It was also a

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Speaker 1: part of what would bring Microsoft under fire for anti

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Speaker 1: competitive practices, as other organizations like Mozilla would argue that

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Speaker 1: Microsoft was discouraging people from using any browser other than

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Speaker 1: i E and that customers were being forced to buy

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Speaker 1: two products even if they just wanted one, they had

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Speaker 1: to get both Windows and Internet Explorer because they were

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Speaker 1: bundled together, they were inseparable. So these were some arguments

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Speaker 1: being made, and ultimately the initial court demanded that Microsoft

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Speaker 1: not just stop all this, but that the company be

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Speaker 1: broken up by the government because it was representing an

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Speaker 1: anti competitive force of monopoly, but that decision would later

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Speaker 1: be overturned on appeal. Anyway, i E was a dominant

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Speaker 1: browser for a few years, although Chrome would eventually overtake

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Speaker 1: and pass Internet Explorer around two thousand twelve, and from

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Speaker 1: then on I E had a long slow decline. In

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Speaker 1: twenty fift Microsoft introduced the Edge Browser, which was meant

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Speaker 1: to be the successor to Internet Explorer, and Microsoft has

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Speaker 1: been pulling support for i E through various platforms for

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Speaker 1: the last couple of years, so this isn't like a

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Speaker 1: massive surprise or anything, and tomorrow all support ends. I

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Speaker 1: E is officially discontinued. I suspect some of you all

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Speaker 1: listening have probably never even used Internet Explorer, And to you,

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Speaker 1: I say, you aren't missing much. I mean, I do

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Speaker 1: remember a time when a certain web based interface that

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Speaker 1: I had to use was only compatible with Internet Explorer,

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Speaker 1: and how frustrating that was. It was the only reason

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Speaker 1: I would keep Internet Explorer on my computer. There was

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Speaker 1: a CMS content management system that I had to work

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Speaker 1: on about a decade ago, and it would only properly

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Speaker 1: work with i E. That was frustrating. So yeah, there's

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Speaker 1: some legacy systems that may still require i E because

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Speaker 1: they never got updated to be more compatible with other browsers.

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Speaker 1: But for the most part, you can say Internet Explorer

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Speaker 1: is finally going to be dead as of tomorrow. Microsoft

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Speaker 1: has entered into a labor neutrality agreement with the Communications

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Speaker 1: Workers of America, That, in turn is the union that

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Speaker 1: has been assisting Activision Blizzard employees in their various efforts

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Speaker 1: to unionize. All right, so quick refresher. Activision Blizz is

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Speaker 1: a massive video game company, and it has had a

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Speaker 1: tumultuous couple of years for lots of reasons. I mean,

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Speaker 1: there have been a largely negative reception to some of

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Speaker 1: the high profile games the company has released recently, there

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Speaker 1: have been serious and disturbing allegations regarding a toxic corporate

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Speaker 1: culture that facilitates harassment and sexual discrimination, and the company

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Speaker 1: has allegedly discouraged employees from organizing, essentially using union busting tactics.

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Speaker 1: And of course, Microsoft is on track to acquire Activision Blizzard,

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Speaker 1: which would seriously boost Microsoft's already impressive presence in gaming.

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Speaker 1: So Microsoft agreeing to remain a neutral party is an

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Speaker 1: important step for Activision Blizzard employees. Microsoft traditionally itself hasn't

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Speaker 1: been super keen on unions, like a lot of other

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Speaker 1: tech companies and companies in general really, but more recently,

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Speaker 1: Brad Smith, the president of Microsoft, said that the company

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Speaker 1: would be supportive of potential unions, and this will mean

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Speaker 1: that once Microsoft completes its acquisition employees that Activision Blizzards

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Speaker 1: should theoretically encounter no resistance or discouragement if they should

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Speaker 1: wish to pursue organizing into a union. That's pretty encouraging

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Speaker 1: news for those employees, although that acquisition still has to

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Speaker 1: go through several more stages before it is official. Well,

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Speaker 1: we've got some more news items to cover, but before

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Speaker 1: we get to that, let's take a quick break. We're back.

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Speaker 1: MAC rumors reports that LG is working on the second

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Speaker 1: generation mixed reality headset for Apple, which is probably news

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Speaker 1: to a lot of folks because Apple has yet to

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Speaker 1: officially announced the first generation. Had said it's been a

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Speaker 1: poorly kept secret for a few years now that Apple

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Speaker 1: has been working on some sort of mixed reality hardware. However,

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Speaker 1: we have never seen Apple acknowledged this publicly in any

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Speaker 1: of its marketing events or conferences that it has held

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Speaker 1: since those rumors started to circulate. Now that, in itself

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Speaker 1: isn't unusual. Apple has a reputation for secrecy, and longtime

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Speaker 1: Apple fans know that the company has sat on plans

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Speaker 1: for years before finally being ready to move on them.

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Speaker 1: That doesn't stop leaks from occasionally happening, sometimes from within

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Speaker 1: Apple itself, sometimes it's through one of Apple's manufacturing partners,

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Speaker 1: but anyway, the rumor is that l G is going

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Speaker 1: to provide micro O l E D displays for the

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Speaker 1: second generation headset, and that l G also contributed components

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Speaker 1: to the first generation system. MAC Rumors says that, according

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Speaker 1: to analyst Ming Chi Kuo, this second generation device will

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Speaker 1: not hit the market until the second half of twenty

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Speaker 1: twenty four. I'm sure several people were disappointed that Apple

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Speaker 1: had made no mention of mixed reality during w w

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Speaker 1: d C twenty twenty two, that's their Worldwide Developer Conference.

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Speaker 1: But maybe we will finally get a glimpse of the

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Speaker 1: mixed reality headset this fall, which is when Apple typically

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Speaker 1: holds its iPhone event. Most rumors say that the mixed

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Speaker 1: reality headset was going to be ready for sale by

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Speaker 1: the end of this year, you know, for the holiday season.

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Speaker 1: So if we don't see it by September, it sounds

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Speaker 1: to me like it's not going to be a thing

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Speaker 1: at all. So we'll have to wait and see. Telegram

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Speaker 1: founder Pavel Durov is throwing hands at Apple, saying that

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Speaker 1: the company purposefully restricts web app features. So here's what

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Speaker 1: telegrams issue actually is. The messaging and chat service has

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Speaker 1: an iOS app, but that app sometimes has issues because

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Speaker 1: Telegram has kind of a hands off approach to moderation,

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Speaker 1: it does not restrict content in public channels. That is

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Speaker 1: bad form in the eyes of Apple. Apple wants content moderation.

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Speaker 1: They want they want to ensure that the material being

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Speaker 1: looked at on their phones meets Apple's high standards, even

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Speaker 1: if it's not coming from Apple itself, So the Telegram

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Speaker 1: app isn't the fully featured Telegram. However, Telegram also has

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Speaker 1: a web based version that users could go to instead.

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Speaker 1: They could just navigate there via Safari, but then Apple

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Speaker 1: restricts all iOS developers to use the Apple WebKit, which

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Speaker 1: means the web based version of Telegram is lacking certain

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Speaker 1: features like push notifications, although the latest version of iOS

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Speaker 1: will enable those. So in the UK, Apple faces more

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Speaker 1: antitrust reviews, with various agencies and companies accusing Apple of

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Speaker 1: purposefully restricting competitors from being able to provide alternatives to

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Speaker 1: Apple's own services on iOS devices. That has been a

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Speaker 1: major ongoing story for Apple, this battle with regulators, especially

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Speaker 1: in the European Union. Meanwhile, the EU is also moving

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Speaker 1: to hold big tech companies more accountable for creating and

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Speaker 1: enforcing policies quote regarding impermissible manipulative behaviors and practices on

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Speaker 1: their services based on the latest evidence on the conducts

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Speaker 1: and tactics, techniques and procedures t tps employed by malicious

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Speaker 1: actors end quote. So that includes stuff like misinformation campaigns

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Speaker 1: that are pushed by legions of fake accounts, but it

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Speaker 1: also includes more recent tactics things like deep fake images

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Speaker 1: and deep fake videos. Should companies fail to adhere to

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Speaker 1: this code, they could be liable for fines up to

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Speaker 1: six percent of global turnover. And in this context you

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Speaker 1: can think of turnover as more or less being global revenue.

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Speaker 1: So for the really big, big tech companies out there,

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Speaker 1: six percent would be in the billions of dollars neighborhood,

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Speaker 1: which is serious stuff. So there are major companies that

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Speaker 1: have already kind of agreed to these kind of of

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Speaker 1: demands in the past, like Meta and Twitter. We'll have

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Speaker 1: to see if that continues and what you know, what

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Speaker 1: tactics the sites and services will employ to detect and

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Speaker 1: remove this kind of content and the EU we've been

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Speaker 1: seeing signs in the tech sector for a while now

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Speaker 1: that companies are getting a bit concerned, from hiring freezes

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Speaker 1: to layoffs two rescinded job offers. The trend appears to

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Speaker 1: be a slow down in the tech industry as companies

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Speaker 1: deal with a slowing economy. Since many analysts treat the

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Speaker 1: tech sector is kind of a canary in a coal mine.

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Speaker 1: This has led to predictions of a larger slowed down

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Speaker 1: and downsizing in general across different industries, and startups might

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Speaker 1: find it harder to get off the ground as investors

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Speaker 1: have a more difficult time borrowing money that they can

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Speaker 1: then pour into moonshot opportunities. So things are probably going

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Speaker 1: to get worse before they get better. So I do

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Speaker 1: have a couple of cool items to close out this episode.

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Speaker 1: One is that researchers at M I T have developed

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Speaker 1: a sensor that can tell the difference between bacterial and

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Speaker 1: viral pneumonia. And you might think, well, what's the big

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Speaker 1: deal there, Well, here's the problem. Pneumonia can be caused

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Speaker 1: by either a bacterial infection or a viral infect action.

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Speaker 1: There's not just one pathway to pneumonia. And you can

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Speaker 1: treat a bacterial infection with antibiotics, but antibiotics do not

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Speaker 1: have an effect on viruses, So doctors need a way

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Speaker 1: to differentiate the type of infection that caused pneumonia in

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Speaker 1: order to prescribe an effective treatment for it. Otherwise you

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Speaker 1: can only treat the symptoms. Plus you know you don't

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Speaker 1: want to overuse antibiotics, because through overuse, bacteria can develop

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Speaker 1: immunity to those kinds of medications. That makes future treatments

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Speaker 1: much more challenging. Anyway, the researchers created a nanoparticle sensor

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Speaker 1: that looks for something really interesting rather than trying to

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Speaker 1: seek out the pathogen itself, you know, that is, rather

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Speaker 1: than looking for the root cause of the pneumonia, the

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Speaker 1: sensors actually detect the body's response to the infection. The

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Speaker 1: research team identified thirty nine different enzymes that react differently

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Speaker 1: to different kinds of infections. So by detecting what the

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Speaker 1: body is doing in response to the infection, the sensors

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Speaker 1: can help scientists determine the nature of the infection itself.

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Speaker 1: And I think that's a really cool way to tackle

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Speaker 1: the problem. So far, the team has seen successful results

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Speaker 1: while testing on mice. Of course, there's a pretty big

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Speaker 1: leap between a mouse and a person, at least for

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Speaker 1: most people, so a lot more work is going to

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Speaker 1: have to be done to see if this method will

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Speaker 1: translate to human patients. If it does, it could become

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Speaker 1: a standard practice for treating pneumonia, as doctors determine if

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Speaker 1: antibiotic or anti viral medication is best suited for the

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Speaker 1: individual case. And finally, SpaceX is just a little bit

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Speaker 1: closer to Mars. US regulators have sent SpaceX a message

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Speaker 1: as long as the company can guarantee compliance with seventy

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Speaker 1: five mitigating actions, the company's enormous starship rocket should receive

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Speaker 1: clearance to blast off toward Mars from these regulators. So

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Speaker 1: the mitigating actions range from stuff like ensuring local wildlife

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Speaker 1: habitats remain protected, to cleaning up after launches, to even

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Speaker 1: avoiding launches on weekends and holidays because as locals and

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Speaker 1: Texas would like to be able to access the beach

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Speaker 1: that's close to the launch site, and that beach would

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Speaker 1: be shut down on any launch day, so just launched

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Speaker 1: during the work week, you'll when people should be at work. Anyway,

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Speaker 1: There's still more reviews to follow from other agencies, so

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Speaker 1: this is not a signed deal. It's not carte blanche

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Speaker 1: for SpaceX just yet. They're gonna have to pass safety

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Speaker 1: tests and lots of other reviews before it can actually

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Speaker 1: go forward with test launches of the spacecraft. But it

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Speaker 1: is one more step towards the company getting permission to

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Speaker 1: head off to the Red Planet, and that's it for

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Speaker 1: the news for Tuesday, June fourteenth, two thousand twenty two.

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Speaker 1: If you have anything you would like to send me,

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Speaker 1: you can do so either with the talkback feature on

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Speaker 1: the I heart Radio app. Just go to tech Stuff

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Speaker 1: a thirty second voice message to me, or, as always,

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Speaker 1: you can reach out on Twitter. The handle for the

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Speaker 1: show is text stuff hs W and I will talk

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Speaker 1: to you again really soon. Tech Stuff is an i

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Speaker 1: heart Radio production. For more podcasts from I Heart Radio,

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