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Speaker 1: M Hey, everybody, This is Chuck and welcome to this

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Speaker 1: week's Saturday Stuff You Should Know Selects episode. Uh. This

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Speaker 1: week was my pick, and I picked the episode on

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Speaker 1: the HeLa Cells because I think this one had a

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Speaker 1: great mix of history and science. History episodes are some

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Speaker 1: of my favorites, and we got to tell a little

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Speaker 1: bit of the story of the great Henrietta Lacks and

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Speaker 1: um on the science end, we got to kind of

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Speaker 1: delve into the importance of HeLa cells. So I hope

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Speaker 1: you enjoy it this time around. If you've heard it before,

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Speaker 1: give it another listen. Welcome to Stuff you Should Know

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Speaker 1: from House Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to

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Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark and Charles W. Chuck Bryant's

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Speaker 1: with me, and Cherry's with me, and that means that

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Speaker 1: the three of us all together make it s w

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Speaker 1: Should Know. Hey, man, Hey, you can see it good?

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Speaker 1: You see? So I'm pretty excited about this one. Actually,

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Speaker 1: oh yeah, it's been a long time coming. We have

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Speaker 1: tons of people email us about this book. This lady

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Speaker 1: in read a lax and her helok felt HeLa Heila,

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Speaker 1: it's Henrietta Lacks. It's probably a laugh I hear that,

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Speaker 1: but I think it's Heila and Helos probably the way

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Speaker 1: to go. We'll go, well, we'll just do our own thing, okay. Um,

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Speaker 1: but yeah, this has been like a really big fan

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Speaker 1: request over the years. Yeah, but it ties in. We

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Speaker 1: did a show on right do you own your We

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Speaker 1: have a right to privacy after you die? Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: I think that's when we got the most feedback about this. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: for sure, it ties in heavily. It definitely ties in heavily.

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Speaker 1: There's a big movement about basically respecting the dead, you know,

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Speaker 1: whether you're a an ancient mummy or a woman from

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Speaker 1: Baltimore and the who died in the fifties, Like how

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Speaker 1: much of an expectation of privacy and how much of

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Speaker 1: a right to what makes you you? Do you have

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Speaker 1: after you die? And the plight of Henrietta lacks Um

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Speaker 1: has definitely raised this national discussion about it, and you know, great,

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Speaker 1: I guess it is the only way to put it, Like,

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Speaker 1: it's really good that people are talking about this. And

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Speaker 1: it's not just privacy. There's also um a lot of

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Speaker 1: allegations of racism, profiteering. It's a really morally complicated story,

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Speaker 1: but a pretty interesting one too, because at the end

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Speaker 1: of the day, this lady has done more to further

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Speaker 1: science been possibly any one person on the planet. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: Jonah Sauk, you say he is he la cells? Yeah?

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Speaker 1: Is that gonna bug you every time I say that? No,

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Speaker 1: it's fun. Okay. I I've adjusted my brain so I

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Speaker 1: hear it the way that I want to now, So

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Speaker 1: go ahead, great. Uh, what we're talking about are the

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Speaker 1: cells of a woman, an African American woman named Henrietta

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Speaker 1: Lacks who in uh in Baltimore, Maryland. She was pregnant

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Speaker 1: with her fifth child and she felt what she described

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Speaker 1: as a not to her family inside her midsection, and

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Speaker 1: after childbirth, it was discovered that she had a lump

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Speaker 1: on her cervix and had cervical cancer about a year

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Speaker 1: after she gave birth. Yeah, and um, the only place

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Speaker 1: that would treat African Americans at the time in that

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Speaker 1: area was JOHNS Hopkins in Baltimore, which is sad in

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Speaker 1: its own right. So, uh, while she was sick and

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Speaker 1: being treated, one of her doctor's doctor, how are you

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Speaker 1: going to pronounce this? Is it gay or gay? Gay? Gay?

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Speaker 1: He was in her doctor he was he ran the

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Speaker 1: tissue culture lab. Yeah, but he um, they sent part

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Speaker 1: of her service away to a lab to get tested,

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Speaker 1: and it turns out that it was pretty remarkable in

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Speaker 1: the way that her cells divided. Yeah. Yeah, you gotta

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Speaker 1: understand this guy, Dr Gay. It's g g e y.

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Speaker 1: I would say gay gay? Is that what you were saying?

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Speaker 1: It could be g I just gonna call him Dr Gay.

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Speaker 1: Isn't everyone named Clark's so easy? Yeah? I'm boring though.

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Speaker 1: Um So, Dr Gay is basically this guy who he

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Speaker 1: his wife and an assistant run this tissue culture laboratory

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Speaker 1: at Johns Hopkins. And for literally decades, this man has

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Speaker 1: been trying to find a line of human cells that

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Speaker 1: will continue to reproduce and not just die when placed

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Speaker 1: in culture. One day he got a sample of some

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Speaker 1: cells taken from the tumor in Henrietta Lacks's cervix, and

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Speaker 1: he put them in culture and they started to divide.

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Speaker 1: And they divided again after that, and they divided again

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Speaker 1: after that. In every twenty four hours, the population of

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Speaker 1: soul cells and culture divided doubled. And this guy said,

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Speaker 1: Holy cow, this is it, Like, this is the first

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Speaker 1: time I've seen a line of immortal human cells. This

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Speaker 1: could advance science forever. By this time, I think henri

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Speaker 1: Alax was dead because was it a biopsy or was

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Speaker 1: it from her autopsy? Do you know it was from

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Speaker 1: the biopsy? But um, she passed away on October fourth, nine,

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Speaker 1: and I think all of this happened postmortem, and we

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Speaker 1: should like, I don't in any way want to diminish

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Speaker 1: what happened in between the time of her biopsy and

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Speaker 1: the time doctor gaze like eureka, like this woman had um.

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Speaker 1: She she got treatment, UM, but I mean the treatment

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Speaker 1: at the time was fairly primitive. Apparently radiation treatment meant

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Speaker 1: that you, um, you sewed little radioactive tubes into the

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Speaker 1: cervix and left them there. That was radiation treatment. There

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Speaker 1: was X ray treatment. She was in a tremendous amount

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Speaker 1: of pain. Um, and she she died horribly from this

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Speaker 1: extremely aggressive case of cervical cancer. At the time UM,

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Speaker 1: and she died in her family was poverty stricken. Uh.

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Speaker 1: They a lot of them didn't grow up to be

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Speaker 1: very well educated. And by the time this rolled around,

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Speaker 1: the the public awareness of Henriett Alacks's plight or post death, UM,

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Speaker 1: her family couldn't even afford healthcare for the most part,

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Speaker 1: which is a great irony of this whole thing. So

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Speaker 1: let's let's talk about what what happened after she died

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Speaker 1: in her m her cells continued on. Well, he named them,

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Speaker 1: first of all, and it's it's a common thing to

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Speaker 1: name the cells after the person from which they came,

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Speaker 1: and so a lot for many years people I thought

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Speaker 1: they said it was a lady named Helen Lane or

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Speaker 1: Helen Larson, right, because they're trying to create anonymity, like

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Speaker 1: you're trying to protect the donors identity, and they were

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Speaker 1: actually trying to throw pull off by saying they were

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Speaker 1: lying it was Helen Lane or Helen Larson. Yeah, I

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Speaker 1: don't know about that. And on an anonymity, why would

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Speaker 1: they name them after the person? Then? I don't know.

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Speaker 1: I think that they're trying to protect their their name.

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Speaker 1: Why would they name them after I think rather than

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Speaker 1: calling it at the time that Henrietta lacks cells, HELO

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Speaker 1: was good enough. Interesting. I would think if you're trying

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Speaker 1: to protect them, you wouldn't call it anything remotely close

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Speaker 1: to the right exactly. Well that's what they do now, Okay. Um,

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Speaker 1: So anyway, people didn't really check a lot because it's

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Speaker 1: just no one really cares that much in the medical community,

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Speaker 1: like who did these come from? It was really common

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Speaker 1: at the time and still to take tissue samples and

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Speaker 1: use them without consent. And that's one of the big

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Speaker 1: issues that came about later is she never knew that

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Speaker 1: her cells were going to be used in this way. Right.

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Speaker 1: Not only did she not know, her family had no

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Speaker 1: idea too. Yeah, but we should point out it wasn't

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Speaker 1: like against the law or anything, and there was nothing

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Speaker 1: shady going on because it was commonplace. Right. We should

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Speaker 1: also point out that Dr gay I never sought to

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Speaker 1: profit from these things. Now, he would send them off

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Speaker 1: to people for free. Um, you have to buy them

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Speaker 1: now of course. Uh. And they're all different kinds of

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Speaker 1: strains that range in prices from two fifty bucks to

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Speaker 1: like thousands of dollars for example. Yeah, and we'll we'll

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Speaker 1: talk about that in a little while, and like you

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Speaker 1: can get online and buy them. Yeah, right, I went

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Speaker 1: today and I added some to the cart, and then

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Speaker 1: I was like, I'm just kidding, did you that car

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Speaker 1: is like Bryant? Yeah. I just was curious, so how

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Speaker 1: easy it would be, And I don't know if there

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Speaker 1: was a something later on in that process that I

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Speaker 1: would have to fill out or something, but I added

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Speaker 1: it to the cart. Uh. No, I don't think you

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Speaker 1: have to fill anything out to get human culture. Really. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you don't have to prove that you're like a researcher

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Speaker 1: or some kind. I don't think so. No, as long

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Speaker 1: as it's not like, um, a bio hazard, I think interesting.

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Speaker 1: And I know some places that charge it different prices

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Speaker 1: for nonprofits as well for the Yeah, but just that

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Speaker 1: much of a discount, Like I saw somewhere, it would

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Speaker 1: be like maybe you or I would pay two fifty bucks,

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Speaker 1: but if we had, if we were a five O

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Speaker 1: one C three, we'd pay like a hundred ninety. That's

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Speaker 1: not bad sixty. Yeah, I just thought it'd be more. Okay,

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Speaker 1: all right, so let's talk a little bit about why. Well,

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Speaker 1: first of all, we don't really know for sure why

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Speaker 1: herselves were so unique. Okay, so they think they might

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Speaker 1: have figured it out. I saw that in nature, Yes

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Speaker 1: I didn't. I don't know. I don't know. If I

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Speaker 1: thought that was solid, you didn't buy it. Well, I

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Speaker 1: don't think they even went on record saying it's super solid.

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Speaker 1: It's just a theory. So I from from what I

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Speaker 1: understand the what's her name, Rebecca Sclute? Yeah, she's who

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Speaker 1: wrote the book The Immortal Henry at a Las, Yes,

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Speaker 1: which is being options by Oprah Yeah for HBO. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that would be a good one for a movie. Um.

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Speaker 1: So she apparently buys it. And because she was saying

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Speaker 1: that for many many years after the book came out,

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Speaker 1: well for a couple of years after a book came out,

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Speaker 1: because it came out in two thousand and ten, and

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Speaker 1: this explanation came out this year. Um that they had

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Speaker 1: to tell people on book tour, like, we have no

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Speaker 1: idea why herself kept growing and growing and now we

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Speaker 1: have a better understanding. But the explanation, Chuck and I

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Speaker 1: are referring to everybody. Um, so you get cervical cancer

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Speaker 1: from the human pepioma virus. There's two else, so it's

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Speaker 1: b O right, Okay, HPV and UM apparently, which is

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Speaker 1: very common by the way, Yes, um, but that's what

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Speaker 1: cervical cancer comes from Florida, I understand right. Okay, So

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Speaker 1: the HPV and Henrietta Lacks had insinuated its own genetic

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Speaker 1: material into her DNA right above a gene called mike

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Speaker 1: m YC and this gene, it's a regulatory gene, so

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Speaker 1: when it starts to when it's expression starts to get

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Speaker 1: hay wire, it can lead to cancer. So they think

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Speaker 1: that the placement of this HPV is what causes these

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Speaker 1: cells to grow and divide so quickly and so robustly,

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Speaker 1: because these HeLa cells are an immortal line of cells.

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Speaker 1: When you put them in the right conditions, you take

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Speaker 1: one cell, it will keep dividing indefinitely, And we should

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Speaker 1: probably talk about why that's a big thing, why other

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Speaker 1: people's cells don't normally do that. So before we move on,

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Speaker 1: I think it's a good time for a message break. Hey,

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Speaker 1: now we're back. Should we get into apoptosis? Apoptosis or

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Speaker 1: cellular suicide is or program cell death because you pick

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Speaker 1: many names. So from what I understand, program cell death

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Speaker 1: is like this whole general idea that a cell self destruction,

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Speaker 1: but there's different ways, and up poptosis is one of them. UM. Basically,

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Speaker 1: when a cell is no longer needed, it commits cellular suicide. Uh,

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Speaker 1: it's not abnormal or scary, UM. Healthy adults, we have

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Speaker 1: billions of cells dying in our bone matter and intestines

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Speaker 1: every hour. Yeah, and then your white blood cells come along,

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Speaker 1: absorb all the detritus and move you move this this

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Speaker 1: stuff out through your sweat. Yeah. It basically balances cell

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Speaker 1: division out um tissue would grow or shrink if it

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Speaker 1: wasn't for apoptosis. So it's a good thing, right. Um.

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Speaker 1: Apparently we have web fingers as we develop in the womb, right,

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Speaker 1: and thanks to apoptosis, these cells degrade and your fingers

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Speaker 1: go back to to non webby versions of themselves. Well,

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Speaker 1: they don't go back to or go to. Yeah. Basically

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Speaker 1: all the cells, all the cells die in between your fingers,

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Speaker 1: and you don't look like a man from Atlantis. Right.

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Speaker 1: And this is also, like you said, I think a

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Speaker 1: check on cancerous growth because cancer is well tumor is

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Speaker 1: a cluster of cells that are growing out of control.

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Speaker 1: One of the conditions of life is controlled growth. Cancer

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Speaker 1: is uncontrolled growth. One way to keep that in check

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Speaker 1: is to have cells have a lifespan, and they typically

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Speaker 1: do in the healthy person. The cells divide um between

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Speaker 1: forty and sixty times and then they die. That's what's

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Speaker 1: called the hay Flick limit. Yeah, we've talked about that. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and do you remember what it was. We've talked about

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Speaker 1: that a few times. Yeah, well, it's just so fascinating.

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Speaker 1: It is. Uh So cancer cells, like we said, don't

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Speaker 1: have the pc D and hers, thanks to Mike, are

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Speaker 1: just the hardiest they had ever discovered, and uh I

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Speaker 1: went on to be used in at least sixty cases

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Speaker 1: uh in medical journals and articles. Well, this is probably

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Speaker 1: written three months ago. You know. Um eleven thousand patents

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Speaker 1: relate to the use of the he LA cells. And

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Speaker 1: they're easy to store, they're easy to ship. They're basically

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Speaker 1: the best cells out there to work with for most

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Speaker 1: kinds of disease, although in viruses UM, although some doctors

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Speaker 1: say they can be a little too robust and mess

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Speaker 1: things up. So they these cells are. They're extremely robust,

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Speaker 1: They divide very quickly, They're very hardy. They also apparently

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Speaker 1: are airborne. Is one one way that they go and

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Speaker 1: contaminate other cultures. They can easily be transferred on clothes

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Speaker 1: or gloves or whatever, so they to some researchers, they

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Speaker 1: basically are like invasive. They're an invasive cell line. Uh

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Speaker 1: and by the early seventies they contaminated so many other

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Speaker 1: cell lines UM that doctors had to figure out how

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Speaker 1: way to identify HeLa cells from other cells. So they said, well,

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Speaker 1: we'll just call the family and and I think nine

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Speaker 1: day las Henriette's husband got a phone call that just

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Speaker 1: completely con used him. And this is the first seat

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Speaker 1: ever heard. This is the first the family found out

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Speaker 1: that these cells, that that this was going on the family.

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Speaker 1: This family had no idea. Yeah, but like we said,

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Speaker 1: they weren't highly educated. So when someone calls from Johns

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Speaker 1: Hopkins and says, your wife is still alive as cells

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Speaker 1: in a lab, they were really confused. And the daughter

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Speaker 1: even thought for a while that they had literally cloned

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Speaker 1: her mom and that versions of the mom were living

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Speaker 1: in London. Like, you know, she had no idea what

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Speaker 1: they were talking about, right, if so? But not only that,

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Speaker 1: the call apparently was later proven to be very misleading

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Speaker 1: because they were saying, we need to find out if

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Speaker 1: your kids have cancer. So well, what they wanted was

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Speaker 1: to see if they had the same properties as their mom.

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Speaker 1: They wanted they wanted the kids DNA so they could

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Speaker 1: identify HeLa DNA and other cultures because it had become

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Speaker 1: so invasive, right, so they were basically saying, you guys

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Speaker 1: might have cancer. But really what they were after was

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Speaker 1: their genetic material for for DNA typing. That's right. That's

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Speaker 1: extremely misleading and mean because once the kids went in

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Speaker 1: and got their um blood workups done, Johns Hopkins never

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Speaker 1: called back, so they were just left to wonder what

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Speaker 1: was going on. But I mean, think about it. So

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Speaker 1: let's say somebody called you and said, hey, um, we

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Speaker 1: think you might have cancer, come in and do some

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Speaker 1: blood work. You go in and get your blood work done,

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Speaker 1: and then they never call you back again. Wouldn't you

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Speaker 1: be worried? I get on the phone. Sure. So, like

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Speaker 1: we said, Chuck, this is a pretty morally complex situation. Um.

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Speaker 1: When the family did finally find out, they also realized

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Speaker 1: that this this their mother's cell line. Um was a

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Speaker 1: multi billion dollar cottage industry and they hadn't seen a

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Speaker 1: penny from it. Um. And so medical science kind of said, well,

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Speaker 1: ho hold on, let me let's let us explain all

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Speaker 1: the great things that your mother's cells have done. Right,

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Speaker 1: And I mean there's they've been involved in some pretty

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Speaker 1: spectacular scientific achievements. Yes, like we said, the study of viruses,

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Speaker 1: everything from measles to mumps, um created vaccines. In fact,

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Speaker 1: curing creating a vaccine for HPV. Yeah, so that she had.

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Speaker 1: They ended up getting a vaccine for that from ourselves,

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Speaker 1: which is pretty great. Like you said, Jonas Salk. With polio,

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Speaker 1: which has been eradicated here in the West, we should

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Speaker 1: explain how that happens to Like um, when you have

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Speaker 1: a live human cell, you have an opportunity to do

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Speaker 1: whatever you can to it and simulate what would happen

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Speaker 1: in a normal human body. And with polio, they took

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Speaker 1: the polio virus and injected the heli cell with the

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Speaker 1: polio virus, and then they injected the heli cell with

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Speaker 1: some of Jonas Salk's polio vaccine, and the polio virus

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Speaker 1: was eradicated in that heli cell. That's right, Yeah, you

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Speaker 1: just figured out that your vaccine works. They've used it

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Speaker 1: to study tuberculosis. Yeah HIV, we already said HBB Parkinson's.

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Speaker 1: They've used a lot in Parkinson's research, and even in

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Speaker 1: the transportation and standardization of just using cells like this period,

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Speaker 1: because you know, they were so great and they wanted

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Speaker 1: to use these, they had to figure out a better

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Speaker 1: way to ship them back and forth. And just a

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Speaker 1: lot of the standardization of these procedures are in place

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Speaker 1: now because of everyone wanted to work with these cells,

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Speaker 1: which is pretty great too, So okay, chuck. Um the

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Speaker 1: family finds out about this, they spend basically decades saying like, hey,

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Speaker 1: can somebody fill us in on what's going on here?

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Speaker 1: How are you guys making money off of this? Like

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Speaker 1: what's the deal? And we're just being ignored, And finally

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Speaker 1: Rebecca Sclute gets some involved. Yeah, she's a science writer.

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Speaker 1: I don't think we even mentioned that. Yeah, and the

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Speaker 1: author of the Immortal Henrietta Lacks right, Yeah, I think

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Speaker 1: it's The Immortal Life, The Immortal Life of Henriette A.

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Speaker 1: Lacks Um. And over time Sclute kind of befriends the

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Speaker 1: family and ends up writing this book and telling the

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Speaker 1: story of Henriett of Henrietta Alacks and basically just captures

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Speaker 1: the national attention. Basically says, this family, you can make

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Speaker 1: a pretty good case, was totally exploited as a whole,

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Speaker 1: or by the medical establishment as a whole, and let's

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Speaker 1: talk about this, and that's exactly what happened as a result. Yeah, um,

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Speaker 1: the family did look into getting money from it, but

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Speaker 1: that is pretty much completely off the table because that

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Speaker 1: opens up a can of worms that everybody's cells ever

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Speaker 1: used in any experiment would have to be tracked back

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Speaker 1: to their original family members and compensated. In the courts

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Speaker 1: of resoundingly said no, no, no, we can't do that.

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Speaker 1: Set halt medical research because we know it and we

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Speaker 1: can't do that. There was a case in nineteen eighty

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Speaker 1: where this this patient with leukemia um found out that

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Speaker 1: his doctor had taken cells from a biopsy and created

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Speaker 1: a cell line worth three billion dollars, and this case

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Speaker 1: went all the ways Supreme Court. In the Supreme Court

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Speaker 1: said sorry, man, yeah, once it's taken from your body,

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Speaker 1: it doesn't belong to you any longer. To a lot

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Speaker 1: of people still don't necessarily agree with, but that's the

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00:20:37,240 --> 00:20:40,280
Speaker 1: that's the status quo as it stands to think. Everybody's

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Speaker 1: very protective of scientific um progress, especially in in eradicating

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Speaker 1: diseases as they should be. However, earlier this year there

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Speaker 1: was finally some good news for the Lax family. UH

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Speaker 1: The National Institute of Health UM in I had to

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Speaker 1: two of her descendants to be part of the HeLa

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Speaker 1: Genome Data Access Working Group, which basically now they're a

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Speaker 1: part of the UM the board which considers applications to

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Speaker 1: use her cells. Yeah, because in addition, while this whole

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Speaker 1: thing is going on, this whole national conversation about what

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Speaker 1: should be done with the cell line, and um, you

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Speaker 1: know what rights a a person has to their own cells.

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Speaker 1: This European Scientific Agency cracked and published the HeLa genome,

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Speaker 1: which they published Henrietta Lacks's genome just out there, open

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Speaker 1: to the public. And it's been proven that you can

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Speaker 1: you can find someone's identity out just from their genome,

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Speaker 1: and you can also find out a lot about their descendants.

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Speaker 1: So it was a big deal. This European agency took

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Speaker 1: it down. But now it's been placed behind this UM.

359
00:21:52,680 --> 00:21:56,119
Speaker 1: It's it's under like a password, lock and key in

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Speaker 1: this database, so there's access to it. You can get

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Speaker 1: access to but you to apply to that working group.

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00:22:01,960 --> 00:22:05,479
Speaker 1: That's right. So now the Data Access Group UM, they

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Speaker 1: apply for permission, they agree not to contact the family

364
00:22:09,680 --> 00:22:13,040
Speaker 1: members of Henrietta Lacks, agreed to use them only for

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Speaker 1: biomedical research only, and UM, some of the family members

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Speaker 1: will handle those requests along with uh, you know, the

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Speaker 1: other people on the board. It's not like they're the

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Speaker 1: only ones that are left to decide this of course,

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Speaker 1: and um, like I said, they did ask about paying,

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Speaker 1: and they said, maybe we can think of some other

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Speaker 1: ways for you to make money off this, like patenting

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Speaker 1: a genetic test for cancer based on your mom's cells.

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Speaker 1: But they have not yet come up with any way

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Speaker 1: to make money off of it. So a lot of

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Speaker 1: other people have, Like you were saying, you can go

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Speaker 1: online and buy a vial of cells for like two

377
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Speaker 1: bucks or something like that. There's other ones that, um,

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Speaker 1: you can buy that have HeLa cells that are like

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Speaker 1: ten thousand dollars. And I read this explanation of all

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Speaker 1: that that if you take one of those ten tho

381
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Speaker 1: dollar vials, it has all these other patented processes and

382
00:23:07,080 --> 00:23:11,399
Speaker 1: proteins and genes and things, and that that account for

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Speaker 1: that increased amount of money, that increased cost. And then

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Speaker 1: even the vile it's like, well, it costs money to

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Speaker 1: produce these things and store them and ship them and

386
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Speaker 1: all that. So the the idea that there's somebody out

387
00:23:26,200 --> 00:23:28,919
Speaker 1: there that's just making tons of cash off this is not.

388
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Speaker 1: That it's much more spread out and it's much less obvious,

389
00:23:34,040 --> 00:23:37,040
Speaker 1: and um, there's really not that much of a bad

390
00:23:37,080 --> 00:23:39,680
Speaker 1: guy in this story as much as you want there

391
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Speaker 1: to be. And even the author of the book is like,

392
00:23:42,280 --> 00:23:45,280
Speaker 1: there's there's a lot of like shifting sands in this

393
00:23:45,760 --> 00:23:48,080
Speaker 1: and it's not cutting dry and black and white. And

394
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Speaker 1: you know, at the end of the day, we want

395
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Speaker 1: biomedical research to keep progressing. Yeah. I don't think anyone

396
00:23:53,359 --> 00:23:55,280
Speaker 1: necessarily looking for a bad guy as much as they're

397
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Speaker 1: looking for a good ending for that family. Well, it

398
00:23:58,480 --> 00:24:02,040
Speaker 1: sounds like they got them. No, I mean they got

399
00:24:02,040 --> 00:24:06,600
Speaker 1: an apology. Yeah, there's now endowed um scholarships and chairs

400
00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:10,359
Speaker 1: at universities around the country in her name. And I

401
00:24:10,400 --> 00:24:12,439
Speaker 1: think if you use HeLa cells now in a study,

402
00:24:12,600 --> 00:24:15,760
Speaker 1: you say, these cells in this use in this study

403
00:24:15,760 --> 00:24:18,200
Speaker 1: were donated by Henrietta Lacks. Yeah, I think that was

404
00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:20,240
Speaker 1: part of the agreement. Yeah, I was talking money though,

405
00:24:20,359 --> 00:24:22,560
Speaker 1: you know, I got you like, they're still poor and

406
00:24:22,600 --> 00:24:24,600
Speaker 1: they still don't have medical coverage. Actually I don't know

407
00:24:24,600 --> 00:24:27,800
Speaker 1: if that's true today, but yeah, yeah, Oh, there's also

408
00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:31,359
Speaker 1: a Henrietta Lacks Foundation too. There is, Uh, you got

409
00:24:31,400 --> 00:24:34,000
Speaker 1: anything else? I got nothing else? All right, Well, if

410
00:24:34,160 --> 00:24:38,080
Speaker 1: you want to learn more about Henrietta Lacks, you should

411
00:24:38,119 --> 00:24:40,719
Speaker 1: probably go read The Immortal Life of Henrietta lacks by

412
00:24:40,720 --> 00:24:44,199
Speaker 1: Rebecca's glute. Sure to check out the website Foundation all

413
00:24:44,240 --> 00:24:47,520
Speaker 1: that Stuff, and you can also go on to how

414
00:24:47,600 --> 00:24:50,200
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com and type henri alas in the

415
00:24:50,240 --> 00:24:52,959
Speaker 1: search par Since I said search parts time for listener,

416
00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:59,480
Speaker 1: maybe right, I'm gonna call this bio diesel dad. Um, Guys,

417
00:24:59,520 --> 00:25:01,680
Speaker 1: after listen a ten easy ways to save money, I

418
00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:03,760
Speaker 1: want to tell you about my dad's super cool garage

419
00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:07,840
Speaker 1: biodiesel LOP. He got into homebrew biodesel about five years

420
00:25:07,840 --> 00:25:10,679
Speaker 1: ago and since developed a very sophisticated setup which can

421
00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:14,000
Speaker 1: produce a ninety gallon batch of biofuel in three to

422
00:25:14,040 --> 00:25:18,080
Speaker 1: five days. UH. The simple rundown is that you filter

423
00:25:18,320 --> 00:25:21,440
Speaker 1: use vegetable oil, boil off the excess water, and lie

424
00:25:21,440 --> 00:25:25,280
Speaker 1: in methanol and filter filter filter. UH. He regularly gathers

425
00:25:25,280 --> 00:25:28,520
Speaker 1: to used vegetable oil from various restaurants and bars around

426
00:25:28,560 --> 00:25:30,879
Speaker 1: town who are happy to give it to him. UH.

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00:25:31,000 --> 00:25:34,840
Speaker 1: He uses the biodiesel to self sufficiently fuel my mom's SUV,

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00:25:35,280 --> 00:25:40,320
Speaker 1: his sedan, his truck, and his twenty six ft fishing boat. UH.

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00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:42,840
Speaker 1: No engine modification is required and can be mixed at

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00:25:42,840 --> 00:25:47,040
Speaker 1: any ratio with normal petroleum diesel. As far as money

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00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:49,200
Speaker 1: savings go, the raw chemicals only end up costing about

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00:25:49,200 --> 00:25:51,560
Speaker 1: a dollar per gallon, so I'll let you do the math.

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Speaker 1: While I'm not recommending that everyone go out and build

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Speaker 1: their own biodiesel plant in their garage, especially since I'm

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00:25:58,280 --> 00:26:00,920
Speaker 1: not sure how legal it is a permit, I was

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00:26:00,920 --> 00:26:03,119
Speaker 1: wondering that too. I thought you guys would find this

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00:26:03,280 --> 00:26:05,280
Speaker 1: interesting at least. I started listening to the show in

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00:26:05,320 --> 00:26:08,919
Speaker 1: September during the long drive moving to Stanford where I

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00:26:08,960 --> 00:26:11,119
Speaker 1: just started work as a grad student. And I've been

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00:26:11,119 --> 00:26:14,119
Speaker 1: a die hard fan ever since. And that is from Ben.

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00:26:14,560 --> 00:26:17,880
Speaker 1: Thanks Ben, and Ben's dad dude, I don't know his name,

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00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:21,040
Speaker 1: but good on you, sir. Yeah, it's pretty cool. French

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00:26:21,080 --> 00:26:25,719
Speaker 1: fire machine. Yeah uh oh, let's see if your family

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00:26:25,760 --> 00:26:29,440
Speaker 1: members are doing something pretty interesting, we want to hear

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00:26:29,440 --> 00:26:31,360
Speaker 1: about it from you. You can tweet to us at

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00:26:31,440 --> 00:26:33,480
Speaker 1: s Y s K podcast. You can join us on

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00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:35,879
Speaker 1: Facebook dot com, slash so if you should know, you

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00:26:35,920 --> 00:26:38,400
Speaker 1: can send us an email to Stuff Podcast at Discovery

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00:26:38,440 --> 00:26:42,000
Speaker 1: dot com, and you can join us at our website,

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00:26:42,160 --> 00:26:49,560
Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know dot com for more on this

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00:26:49,720 --> 00:26:52,240
Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics. Is it how stuff works?

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Speaker 1: Dot com