1 00:00:04,240 --> 00:00:11,920 Speaker 1: Get in touch with technology with tech Stuff from dot Com. Eathan, 2 00:00:12,080 --> 00:00:15,800 Speaker 1: and welcome to Text Stuff. I'm Jonathan Strickland and today 3 00:00:15,920 --> 00:00:20,480 Speaker 1: joining me in the studio once again my colleague, my buddy, 4 00:00:20,640 --> 00:00:23,639 Speaker 1: my fellow improviser, Ben Boland. Welcome back to the show. 5 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:28,120 Speaker 1: Hey Jonathan, thank you again for having me on, and listeners, 6 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:31,760 Speaker 1: thank you also for allowing me onto one of your 7 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:37,240 Speaker 1: favorite shows today. I'm here under the auspice of car Stuff. Yeah. 8 00:00:37,320 --> 00:00:41,080 Speaker 1: In fact, this was because a request, a specific request 9 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:44,080 Speaker 1: from one of my listeners. I shall just read out 10 00:00:44,080 --> 00:00:47,319 Speaker 1: the email. Hi, Jonathan, I was catching up on some 11 00:00:47,360 --> 00:00:49,800 Speaker 1: Tech Stuff episodes and had a crazy topic that I've 12 00:00:49,880 --> 00:00:52,640 Speaker 1: not heard anyone outside the industry really talk about. Have 13 00:00:52,760 --> 00:00:55,520 Speaker 1: you ever considered teaming up with Ben or Scott to 14 00:00:55,560 --> 00:00:59,320 Speaker 1: talk about the tech of ambulances? Firefighting equipment is talked 15 00:00:59,320 --> 00:01:02,320 Speaker 1: about adding zeum in public forums, and fancy new medical 16 00:01:02,360 --> 00:01:05,920 Speaker 1: equipment sometimes gets the spotlight. But what about the ambulance. 17 00:01:06,120 --> 00:01:09,080 Speaker 1: I'll admit that until recently they hadn't changed significantly since 18 00:01:09,080 --> 00:01:11,720 Speaker 1: the nineteen seventies when they were modified from being inspired 19 00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:14,679 Speaker 1: from hers is the only vehicle designed for a passenger 20 00:01:14,760 --> 00:01:18,920 Speaker 1: lying down at the time. However, now, ambulances range from 21 00:01:18,920 --> 00:01:22,640 Speaker 1: the massive bariatric trucks to the new Mercedes Sprinter that 22 00:01:22,680 --> 00:01:25,040 Speaker 1: have mixed reviews to work in to the Volvo car 23 00:01:25,160 --> 00:01:30,240 Speaker 1: based ambulances Europe is experimenting with. It has taken nearly 24 00:01:30,319 --> 00:01:33,720 Speaker 1: half a century, but the humble ambulance is beginning to 25 00:01:33,760 --> 00:01:37,320 Speaker 1: see some innovations, including the introduction of safety features. Watch 26 00:01:37,360 --> 00:01:41,319 Speaker 1: ambulance crash tests on YouTube, Efficiency and tech to save lives. 27 00:01:41,400 --> 00:01:44,640 Speaker 1: I'm certainly biased, being a volunteer medic and having many 28 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:48,120 Speaker 1: paramedic friends, but maybe you, Scott or Ben and the 29 00:01:48,120 --> 00:01:51,120 Speaker 1: Tech Stuff audience could find it an interesting topic to 30 00:01:51,240 --> 00:01:55,080 Speaker 1: dive into. Take Care Lee, Yeah, no, you know I 31 00:01:55,160 --> 00:01:59,000 Speaker 1: recognize Lee's name, and I think this is such a 32 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:02,000 Speaker 1: fantastic se gestion. Uh. Scott and I have been doing 33 00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:04,600 Speaker 1: car stuff for quite a while, um, not quite as 34 00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:06,880 Speaker 1: long as Tech Stuff, which is one of the original 35 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:11,120 Speaker 1: three podcast we ever started making. But we have this 36 00:02:11,200 --> 00:02:14,280 Speaker 1: moment which I'm sure you've encountered to, Jonathan, where you're 37 00:02:14,320 --> 00:02:16,399 Speaker 1: looking back over a list of all the stuff you've 38 00:02:16,480 --> 00:02:19,880 Speaker 1: done and you go, wait, we haven't done this when 39 00:02:19,919 --> 00:02:22,480 Speaker 1: really heck I went to how stuff works dot com 40 00:02:22,840 --> 00:02:26,920 Speaker 1: typed an ambulance. Can't believe we don't have how ambulances work, right, Yeah, 41 00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:31,080 Speaker 1: and uh, now we are verging on the very first 42 00:02:31,160 --> 00:02:35,760 Speaker 1: official explanation of how ambulances work every ever, not not 43 00:02:35,800 --> 00:02:38,000 Speaker 1: just for how stuff works. I'm saying like no one 44 00:02:38,080 --> 00:02:41,280 Speaker 1: has taken the time to actually explain this until this moment, right, 45 00:02:41,480 --> 00:02:46,079 Speaker 1: which might be hyperbolie, scoot to the edge of your seats, 46 00:02:46,320 --> 00:02:49,959 Speaker 1: um or you know, if you're driving, I guess, uh, 47 00:02:50,200 --> 00:02:54,400 Speaker 1: stay focused on the road, right because number one, that's 48 00:02:54,480 --> 00:02:58,000 Speaker 1: rule number one. Of course. Now we looked into, um, 49 00:02:58,240 --> 00:03:01,639 Speaker 1: we looked into some surprise twist and turns about the 50 00:03:01,720 --> 00:03:04,839 Speaker 1: story of the ambulance. And one of the things that 51 00:03:05,040 --> 00:03:08,560 Speaker 1: a lot of people don't really think about is that 52 00:03:08,800 --> 00:03:13,200 Speaker 1: the ambulance itself predates the automobile. Yeah. In fact, ambulance 53 00:03:13,240 --> 00:03:16,720 Speaker 1: can apply to lots of different types of vehicles. And 54 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:21,519 Speaker 1: to really understand the importance and the place of the ambulance, 55 00:03:21,520 --> 00:03:23,919 Speaker 1: you kind of got to look back into history. And 56 00:03:24,080 --> 00:03:27,240 Speaker 1: the word itself, ambulance comes from the Latin word ambulaire 57 00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:32,040 Speaker 1: or ambulare if you prefer don't, I don't speak with Latin, so, 58 00:03:32,720 --> 00:03:35,640 Speaker 1: but that means to move about and the earliest ambulances 59 00:03:35,680 --> 00:03:38,600 Speaker 1: weren't really about necessarily getting sick or injured people to 60 00:03:38,680 --> 00:03:41,440 Speaker 1: medical treatment. Uh. They were more about moving them away 61 00:03:41,480 --> 00:03:43,760 Speaker 1: from the healthy people by force, so kind of like 62 00:03:43,800 --> 00:03:46,200 Speaker 1: a prison bus for sick people. Now that there were 63 00:03:46,240 --> 00:03:49,080 Speaker 1: different kinds, right, you had you had the military type, 64 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:52,760 Speaker 1: which was all about retrieving injured soldiers and moving them 65 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:55,240 Speaker 1: out of the field of battle. But then you also 66 00:03:55,360 --> 00:03:59,680 Speaker 1: had the type that were in more populated like urban areas, 67 00:03:59,720 --> 00:04:01,600 Speaker 1: some of the growing cities, and that was more about 68 00:04:02,280 --> 00:04:05,480 Speaker 1: this person over here doesn't seem to be acting properly. 69 00:04:05,600 --> 00:04:09,080 Speaker 1: Let's get this person away from everybody else before it spreads. Yeah, 70 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:12,640 Speaker 1: let's put you on the plague cart. Yeah. And it 71 00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:15,119 Speaker 1: could have been the plague, It could have been mental illness, 72 00:04:15,720 --> 00:04:18,279 Speaker 1: medicine wasn't quite where it was, could have been your neighbors, 73 00:04:18,360 --> 00:04:21,000 Speaker 1: or just a bunch of jerks. It will claim that 74 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:27,560 Speaker 1: you are sick. Yeah, yeah, I got that. That werewolf 75 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:30,720 Speaker 1: is UM. But if you look at the the development 76 00:04:30,760 --> 00:04:33,480 Speaker 1: of emergency response, you'll see that it is in fact 77 00:04:33,480 --> 00:04:37,479 Speaker 1: closely tied to warfare. Again, not a big surprise. UM. 78 00:04:37,560 --> 00:04:39,839 Speaker 1: During the Roman era, you would have teams of soldiers 79 00:04:39,839 --> 00:04:42,280 Speaker 1: that would carry away the injured on litters. That would 80 00:04:42,279 --> 00:04:45,920 Speaker 1: be like a device that would be not quite a cart. 81 00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:48,960 Speaker 1: It's kind of hooked up, usually to an animal of 82 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:53,000 Speaker 1: some sort, and it carries you at an incline. The 83 00:04:53,520 --> 00:04:56,039 Speaker 1: other end of it drags on the ground. Often it's 84 00:04:56,080 --> 00:04:58,560 Speaker 1: not the most comfortable way to move around, or they 85 00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:01,920 Speaker 1: might use stretchers. They would actually receive compensation for each 86 00:05:01,920 --> 00:05:06,720 Speaker 1: wounded soldier returned safely, which is interesting when you think 87 00:05:06,760 --> 00:05:10,200 Speaker 1: about working on commission. It's it's probably one of the 88 00:05:10,279 --> 00:05:16,000 Speaker 1: most efficient, although soulless, ways to ensure that they maximize 89 00:05:16,040 --> 00:05:18,440 Speaker 1: their efficiency, right, Yeah, yeah, it was really and this 90 00:05:18,520 --> 00:05:21,640 Speaker 1: was something that was common throughout the ancient to medieval 91 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:26,279 Speaker 1: era of warfare, was that there would be a reward 92 00:05:26,360 --> 00:05:30,760 Speaker 1: given for the return of wounded soldiers because often in 93 00:05:30,800 --> 00:05:33,600 Speaker 1: this era you had at the end of the battle 94 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:37,160 Speaker 1: one side, whichever side was you know, less worse off, 95 00:05:37,480 --> 00:05:39,279 Speaker 1: because I don't know that you can call anyone a 96 00:05:39,320 --> 00:05:43,920 Speaker 1: winner really, but whichever side quote unquote one the battle 97 00:05:44,200 --> 00:05:47,200 Speaker 1: would end up taking prisoners and then ransoming them off, 98 00:05:47,320 --> 00:05:50,640 Speaker 1: so being able to be removed from the field of 99 00:05:50,680 --> 00:05:53,279 Speaker 1: battle when you're no longer able to fight without being 100 00:05:53,320 --> 00:05:57,159 Speaker 1: captured by the enemy was a big deal. So the 101 00:05:57,240 --> 00:06:00,479 Speaker 1: Knights of St John a k a. The Knights of 102 00:06:00,520 --> 00:06:04,560 Speaker 1: Malta or the Knights Hospitalitier were charged with the purpose 103 00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:06,960 Speaker 1: to care for the poor, the injured and the sick 104 00:06:07,080 --> 00:06:11,159 Speaker 1: back in the eleventh century. They were formed about the 105 00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:13,440 Speaker 1: same time as the Knights Templar, because this is all 106 00:06:13,520 --> 00:06:16,120 Speaker 1: during the time of the Crusades. Now, the reason I 107 00:06:16,120 --> 00:06:18,760 Speaker 1: bring up the Knights of St John is because they 108 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:23,240 Speaker 1: were very much involved in the retrieval of wounded soldiers 109 00:06:23,320 --> 00:06:26,520 Speaker 1: during Battle uh And when the Knights Templar were officially 110 00:06:26,600 --> 00:06:30,640 Speaker 1: dissolved in twelve, much of the wealth that they owned, 111 00:06:30,680 --> 00:06:32,599 Speaker 1: and there was a lot of it, went to the 112 00:06:32,640 --> 00:06:35,920 Speaker 1: Knights of St. John and the order itself divided into 113 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:39,080 Speaker 1: two branches. One of them became a military order similar 114 00:06:39,080 --> 00:06:41,719 Speaker 1: to the Knights Templar, and the other one continued to 115 00:06:41,720 --> 00:06:43,760 Speaker 1: care for the sick and injured. Now one of those 116 00:06:43,800 --> 00:06:48,120 Speaker 1: two branches no longer exists, right I guess which one 117 00:06:48,600 --> 00:06:51,719 Speaker 1: the military order. That's that's an excellent guest, and you 118 00:06:51,760 --> 00:06:54,200 Speaker 1: are correct, sir, Thank you. I am a bit of 119 00:06:54,200 --> 00:06:56,599 Speaker 1: an armchair guess. Or one thing that is interesting about 120 00:06:56,600 --> 00:06:59,000 Speaker 1: this before we move on however, with the Knights of St. 121 00:06:59,080 --> 00:07:02,160 Speaker 1: John is that I believe, and it may being correct here, 122 00:07:02,160 --> 00:07:05,440 Speaker 1: but I believe this was one of the first organizations, 123 00:07:05,880 --> 00:07:09,920 Speaker 1: at least in the West, that would care for people 124 00:07:10,680 --> 00:07:14,680 Speaker 1: regardless of which side. That's that's correct. They would They 125 00:07:14,720 --> 00:07:17,720 Speaker 1: would retrieve soldiers wounded from any side of a battle 126 00:07:17,760 --> 00:07:21,880 Speaker 1: and treat them. Uh, they're the Maltese Cross. Also eventually 127 00:07:22,840 --> 00:07:28,440 Speaker 1: evolved into the Red Cross. Uh. Also just random trivia here. 128 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:31,840 Speaker 1: One of my distant relatives used to rule Malta. So 129 00:07:32,320 --> 00:07:38,200 Speaker 1: what yeah, wait, when are you serious? I am absolutely serious? Okay? 130 00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:40,720 Speaker 1: Is this um? Could you give me some time and 131 00:07:40,840 --> 00:07:46,320 Speaker 1: space contacts? Were we talking like nineteen seventies, early twentieth century, nine, 132 00:07:46,320 --> 00:07:51,760 Speaker 1: early I think thirty seven maybe? Uh? Yeah, his his um. 133 00:07:51,840 --> 00:07:58,480 Speaker 1: His governing of Malta was not without political issues, political 134 00:07:58,480 --> 00:08:00,600 Speaker 1: and religious issues. That's all I can really say about 135 00:08:00,600 --> 00:08:04,280 Speaker 1: that without turning this podcast into something completely Okay, But 136 00:08:04,360 --> 00:08:06,640 Speaker 1: for the record, I think people probably want to hear 137 00:08:06,640 --> 00:08:09,360 Speaker 1: that story. I know I do, so we can talk 138 00:08:09,400 --> 00:08:11,840 Speaker 1: about it off the air. Since it doesn't sound like 139 00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:16,360 Speaker 1: the controversy was ambulance related, It wasn't. It wasn't. So 140 00:08:16,400 --> 00:08:20,360 Speaker 1: the Spanish now moving on from from the eleventh to 141 00:08:20,440 --> 00:08:23,880 Speaker 1: fourteenth centuries, they began to use wagons to transport people 142 00:08:23,880 --> 00:08:27,760 Speaker 1: in need of emergency medical care back in fourteen eight seven, 143 00:08:28,320 --> 00:08:31,440 Speaker 1: that's during the whole like we're getting into Ferdinand and 144 00:08:31,480 --> 00:08:36,920 Speaker 1: Isabella time. They also introduced field hospitals, which were called ambulancia's, 145 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:39,600 Speaker 1: So that was the that referred to the field hospital, 146 00:08:39,679 --> 00:08:43,079 Speaker 1: not the wagon. Now, these field hospitals were tense that 147 00:08:43,120 --> 00:08:45,480 Speaker 1: had medical and surgical supplies in them, but they were 148 00:08:45,640 --> 00:08:49,800 Speaker 1: very rarely used. It was hard to actually get soldiers 149 00:08:49,800 --> 00:08:51,680 Speaker 1: to where they needed to be. These wagons were not 150 00:08:51,840 --> 00:08:56,160 Speaker 1: terribly maneuverable, and it wouldn't really be until the seventeen hundreds, 151 00:08:56,400 --> 00:08:59,440 Speaker 1: three years later that you would actually see wounded soldiers 152 00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:02,000 Speaker 1: receiving treatment and field hospitals will be carried away by 153 00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:05,520 Speaker 1: an emergency vehicle on a regular basis. And that still 154 00:09:05,640 --> 00:09:08,360 Speaker 1: wasn't perfect, right, Like a lot of people died on 155 00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:10,760 Speaker 1: the way to or from Oh yeah, no, if you 156 00:09:10,840 --> 00:09:14,040 Speaker 1: look at if you look at casualty records, Uh, one 157 00:09:14,120 --> 00:09:17,720 Speaker 1: of the many reasons why researching this was getting to 158 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:20,160 Speaker 1: me today. But if you look at casualty records, it's 159 00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:22,840 Speaker 1: a pretty grim story. So you see the number of 160 00:09:22,880 --> 00:09:26,240 Speaker 1: people who were outright killed, and then you see the 161 00:09:26,280 --> 00:09:31,920 Speaker 1: number of people who were retrieved by the folks manning 162 00:09:31,960 --> 00:09:35,720 Speaker 1: the ambulance as the wagons, um, and you hear about 163 00:09:35,760 --> 00:09:39,040 Speaker 1: their casualty rates, and they were extreme. I mean it was. 164 00:09:39,200 --> 00:09:43,679 Speaker 1: It was not good news if you were wounded in battle. Uh. 165 00:09:43,720 --> 00:09:47,760 Speaker 1: For a very very long time, the prevailing wisdom was 166 00:09:47,920 --> 00:09:50,800 Speaker 1: let them let them die. I mean it really was, 167 00:09:51,240 --> 00:09:55,559 Speaker 1: unless you're a higher order officer of some sort, right, Yeah, 168 00:09:55,559 --> 00:09:58,520 Speaker 1: it's it's tricky when we think about, um, when we 169 00:09:58,559 --> 00:10:01,160 Speaker 1: think about those attrition rates, a especially when we consider 170 00:10:01,440 --> 00:10:04,280 Speaker 1: a very sad fact which I'm sure you ran across 171 00:10:04,280 --> 00:10:07,920 Speaker 1: as well. Uh, ladies and gentlemen, the people who were 172 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:12,680 Speaker 1: picked for the medical retrieval teams were not the crack soldiers. 173 00:10:12,679 --> 00:10:15,679 Speaker 1: They weren't the smartest, they weren't the fastest. They were 174 00:10:15,679 --> 00:10:17,560 Speaker 1: considered to be the ones who were least likely to 175 00:10:17,600 --> 00:10:19,760 Speaker 1: actually kill the enemy. Therefore, let's go ahead and put 176 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:21,600 Speaker 1: them in charge of this wagon for all the soldiers 177 00:10:21,600 --> 00:10:24,200 Speaker 1: who have been wounded. Right, they were considered the grade 178 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:28,920 Speaker 1: B fighters. Yeah, yeah, it's it was. They were not 179 00:10:29,000 --> 00:10:32,760 Speaker 1: picked for their ability to actually retrieve people. They were 180 00:10:32,760 --> 00:10:35,880 Speaker 1: picked because they were least likely to be useful on 181 00:10:35,920 --> 00:10:38,840 Speaker 1: the front lines. Um and speaking of front lines, that 182 00:10:38,880 --> 00:10:41,400 Speaker 1: was part of the problem. Like these wagons were actually 183 00:10:41,880 --> 00:10:44,520 Speaker 1: usually located the back of the army and they were 184 00:10:44,840 --> 00:10:48,480 Speaker 1: very heavy, they're very cumbersome, so it took so much 185 00:10:48,559 --> 00:10:51,360 Speaker 1: time and effort to maneuver them that offense soldiers were 186 00:10:51,400 --> 00:10:54,080 Speaker 1: dying on the battlefield before they'd ever have a chance 187 00:10:54,160 --> 00:10:58,240 Speaker 1: to be rescued, let alone incur any problems along the way. 188 00:10:58,400 --> 00:11:02,400 Speaker 1: So this was a big issue until a French surgeon 189 00:11:02,480 --> 00:11:07,000 Speaker 1: named Dominique Jean Larry designed a lightweight, two wheeled wagon 190 00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:10,040 Speaker 1: to create a faster response vehicle. And they were called 191 00:11:10,200 --> 00:11:14,640 Speaker 1: flying ambulances. And it's not because they could fly through 192 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:18,000 Speaker 1: the air, because they couldn't. Uh sorry, I didn't mean 193 00:11:18,080 --> 00:11:20,840 Speaker 1: to cut you off there, Ben, But they were often 194 00:11:20,880 --> 00:11:23,920 Speaker 1: stationed with the flying artillery, which also could not fly. 195 00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:28,040 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, sorry, this is just a bummer across the board. Well, 196 00:11:28,280 --> 00:11:32,200 Speaker 1: they're called flying artillery because they were very light artillery 197 00:11:32,240 --> 00:11:35,400 Speaker 1: that would be towed by horses to their location, so 198 00:11:35,400 --> 00:11:38,439 Speaker 1: they could they could relocate relatively quickly, as opposed to 199 00:11:38,480 --> 00:11:41,960 Speaker 1: field artillery, which was so heavy and cumbersome that you 200 00:11:42,040 --> 00:11:44,640 Speaker 1: planted it and you didn't move it, you know, until 201 00:11:44,640 --> 00:11:47,560 Speaker 1: the battle is over. It's staying right there. So uh, 202 00:11:48,040 --> 00:11:50,480 Speaker 1: they would be stationed with the flying artillery. So these 203 00:11:50,480 --> 00:11:53,840 Speaker 1: are both horse cavalry type units. They normally be cavalry 204 00:11:53,880 --> 00:11:58,679 Speaker 1: support and that changes fundamentally changes somebody's odds of living 205 00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:02,160 Speaker 1: or surviving a war. Oh yeah, yeah, there is a 206 00:12:02,240 --> 00:12:05,200 Speaker 1: huge improvement. Some people were suggesting that it was an 207 00:12:05,200 --> 00:12:08,800 Speaker 1: improvement as much as that that that you know, you 208 00:12:08,880 --> 00:12:12,920 Speaker 1: had a rate of casualty that was being reduced to 209 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:16,120 Speaker 1: ten because of this. Now that was someone who was 210 00:12:16,200 --> 00:12:20,719 Speaker 1: writing in support of funding more of these kind of wagons. 211 00:12:21,400 --> 00:12:24,520 Speaker 1: So I doubt that it was based on any empirical research, 212 00:12:25,280 --> 00:12:28,560 Speaker 1: more on more on the idea of think how many 213 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:30,880 Speaker 1: lives we could save, which still is a noble effort, 214 00:12:31,440 --> 00:12:33,920 Speaker 1: you know, if you have to fudge a few numbers. 215 00:12:33,960 --> 00:12:36,600 Speaker 1: But some hospitals at this time, such as the Staffordshire 216 00:12:36,920 --> 00:12:40,600 Speaker 1: General Infirmary, started to employ their own ambulances. So now 217 00:12:40,600 --> 00:12:43,880 Speaker 1: we start seeing ambulances in the civilian life, not just 218 00:12:44,000 --> 00:12:48,200 Speaker 1: in in warfare. And these were still wagons pulled by horses. 219 00:12:48,679 --> 00:12:52,960 Speaker 1: The Staffordshire's wagon was described as quote a carriage hung 220 00:12:53,040 --> 00:12:55,840 Speaker 1: upon strings to be drawn by one or more horses 221 00:12:55,840 --> 00:12:58,640 Speaker 1: for the conveyance of the sick or maimed end quote. 222 00:12:59,160 --> 00:13:02,360 Speaker 1: And by the close of eighteenth century, organized ambulance service 223 00:13:02,400 --> 00:13:06,239 Speaker 1: was starting to grow in Europe. In Europe, yes, yeah. 224 00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:08,480 Speaker 1: The United States was not so quick to adopt this. 225 00:13:09,000 --> 00:13:11,600 Speaker 1: Ambulance service was practically absent during the beginning of the 226 00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:14,600 Speaker 1: American Civil War, which if you guys aren't familiar, Uh, 227 00:13:15,080 --> 00:13:16,959 Speaker 1: a lot of our listeners are from outside of the US. 228 00:13:17,240 --> 00:13:20,000 Speaker 1: The American Civil War began in eighteen sixty in early 229 00:13:20,040 --> 00:13:24,360 Speaker 1: eighteen sixty one. And uh, you don't have any mention 230 00:13:24,400 --> 00:13:28,040 Speaker 1: of ambulances in those early in those early accounts, right, yeah. 231 00:13:28,120 --> 00:13:33,000 Speaker 1: And this was um one of the bloodiest battles, right 232 00:13:33,080 --> 00:13:37,240 Speaker 1: that people remember in the United States. And uh, some 233 00:13:37,400 --> 00:13:40,120 Speaker 1: of the casualties in one of the battles, the Battle 234 00:13:40,120 --> 00:13:42,440 Speaker 1: of bull Run. We're just saying this for an example. 235 00:13:42,960 --> 00:13:47,600 Speaker 1: Instead of having an ambulance anywhere near, they walked twenty 236 00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:51,600 Speaker 1: seven miles after they were wounded to get some sort 237 00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:54,719 Speaker 1: of treatment if they survived. That's part of why there 238 00:13:54,760 --> 00:13:57,840 Speaker 1: was such a horrific attrition rate in this or casualty 239 00:13:57,960 --> 00:14:01,760 Speaker 1: rate rather in this um this conflict. Oh absolutely yeah. 240 00:14:01,760 --> 00:14:04,360 Speaker 1: I mean not only do you have Americans versus Americans, 241 00:14:04,480 --> 00:14:06,560 Speaker 1: so I mean, no matter what the casual needs, an 242 00:14:06,600 --> 00:14:11,960 Speaker 1: American here's that. But then you also had just these 243 00:14:12,040 --> 00:14:15,280 Speaker 1: the You had no preparedness, you had no ability to 244 00:14:15,280 --> 00:14:18,839 Speaker 1: to help the people, the soldiers who had fallen. And 245 00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:21,840 Speaker 1: so again it was one of those situations where if 246 00:14:21,880 --> 00:14:24,480 Speaker 1: you fell in battle, if you were wounded, you know, 247 00:14:24,600 --> 00:14:29,760 Speaker 1: people often would just treat you as if you had died. Um. 248 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:32,560 Speaker 1: It was only after the appointment of doctor Jonathan Letterman 249 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:34,680 Speaker 1: to the post of Surgeon General of the Army of 250 00:14:34,720 --> 00:14:38,600 Speaker 1: the Potomac Medical Department. And this is where we mentioned 251 00:14:38,760 --> 00:14:40,960 Speaker 1: the post of surgeon general. The United States had not 252 00:14:41,080 --> 00:14:44,600 Speaker 1: been invented yet. There had there were surgeon generals in 253 00:14:44,720 --> 00:14:47,560 Speaker 1: the armed forces, and this is not the surgeon General 254 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:52,080 Speaker 1: of the Army overall as a different, different post. But 255 00:14:52,400 --> 00:14:56,160 Speaker 1: he uh organized soldiers into response teams to carry wounded 256 00:14:56,160 --> 00:14:58,880 Speaker 1: to a site where they then could be transported to 257 00:14:58,960 --> 00:15:01,960 Speaker 1: field hospitals or are even further on into general hospitals. 258 00:15:01,960 --> 00:15:05,200 Speaker 1: In fact, they had sort of a a primary response 259 00:15:05,280 --> 00:15:10,240 Speaker 1: site where the anything immediate would be attended to the 260 00:15:10,440 --> 00:15:13,120 Speaker 1: soldiers would then be carried off to a field hospital. 261 00:15:13,640 --> 00:15:15,760 Speaker 1: At the field hospital, they would then determine whether or 262 00:15:15,760 --> 00:15:19,120 Speaker 1: not to treat the soldier there or to transport him 263 00:15:19,160 --> 00:15:22,760 Speaker 1: further to the general hospital. So it was a much 264 00:15:22,760 --> 00:15:27,720 Speaker 1: more kind of chain of command organized approach then William A. Hammond, 265 00:15:27,880 --> 00:15:30,360 Speaker 1: who became Surgeon General of the U. S. Army in 266 00:15:30,400 --> 00:15:34,000 Speaker 1: the eighteen sixty two so the overall army standardized ambulance 267 00:15:34,040 --> 00:15:38,320 Speaker 1: response and also demanded that hospitals be clean establishments, which 268 00:15:38,400 --> 00:15:42,120 Speaker 1: was before back the we knew about bacteria. So his 269 00:15:42,440 --> 00:15:46,040 Speaker 1: theory was that the clean establishments would save more lives, 270 00:15:46,080 --> 00:15:48,760 Speaker 1: though he didn't have, you know, like a scientific reason 271 00:15:48,840 --> 00:15:52,480 Speaker 1: to point to, because we hadn't discovered bacteria yet. But 272 00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:55,320 Speaker 1: it turns out he was right and um and so 273 00:15:55,480 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: his his approach ended up saving a lot of lives. 274 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:01,400 Speaker 1: He also demanded that there be one ambulance for every 275 00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:04,920 Speaker 1: one fifties soldiers serving in the U. S. Army, and 276 00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:07,800 Speaker 1: he got it, which is pretty hardcore if you think 277 00:16:07,840 --> 00:16:11,480 Speaker 1: about it back then, because if we're talking about these 278 00:16:11,520 --> 00:16:15,240 Speaker 1: response teams right then we're talking about a cost benefit 279 00:16:15,280 --> 00:16:18,560 Speaker 1: analysis of things that are pretty expensive in war, which 280 00:16:18,600 --> 00:16:23,680 Speaker 1: is training time, and cavalry. So yeah, yeah, you're pretty persuasive. 281 00:16:23,720 --> 00:16:27,120 Speaker 1: You're talking about not just money, but actual people and 282 00:16:27,320 --> 00:16:32,200 Speaker 1: animals resources that could be dedicated to inflicting casualties upon 283 00:16:32,240 --> 00:16:34,800 Speaker 1: the animally enemy. You'll notice that I haven't really talked 284 00:16:34,800 --> 00:16:37,560 Speaker 1: about the Confederates. There's a reason for that. They just 285 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:41,400 Speaker 1: they were not nearly as as organized as the as 286 00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:43,840 Speaker 1: the Union was during the Civil War when it came 287 00:16:43,840 --> 00:16:47,359 Speaker 1: to things like treating soldiers. Uh. Just watched the documentary 288 00:16:47,360 --> 00:16:53,240 Speaker 1: film Gone with the Wind. Uh don't. I mean, you 289 00:16:53,280 --> 00:16:56,040 Speaker 1: can watch it. It's not a documentary obviously. So in 290 00:16:56,120 --> 00:17:00,560 Speaker 1: eighteen sixty four, Congress passes the Ambulance Core Act, which 291 00:17:00,840 --> 00:17:04,720 Speaker 1: established a standardized system of ambulances in the United States. Now, 292 00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:07,879 Speaker 1: these ambulances had distinct labels to designate them as such, 293 00:17:08,200 --> 00:17:10,920 Speaker 1: and then the Geneva Convention of eighteen sixty four went 294 00:17:11,040 --> 00:17:14,760 Speaker 1: further and adopted the Red Cross as the international symbol 295 00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:18,280 Speaker 1: for emergency medical responders, which were to be treated as 296 00:17:18,359 --> 00:17:22,680 Speaker 1: neutral parties. One thing that is just fantastic about this 297 00:17:22,880 --> 00:17:25,639 Speaker 1: is that this is um and maybe it's a bit 298 00:17:25,640 --> 00:17:28,640 Speaker 1: of hyperbole on my part, Jonathan, but this is one 299 00:17:28,840 --> 00:17:32,920 Speaker 1: of the biggest steps I think for the human species 300 00:17:32,960 --> 00:17:36,560 Speaker 1: at large, we actually took the idea of the Knights 301 00:17:36,600 --> 00:17:39,560 Speaker 1: of St. John, which which wasn't I mean, let's be honest. 302 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:42,720 Speaker 1: If it is during the Crusades, they weren't always saving everybody. 303 00:17:43,119 --> 00:17:45,760 Speaker 1: There's a lot of othering going on, I'm sure, but 304 00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:53,080 Speaker 1: the Red Cross as this international, neutral, benevolent force that 305 00:17:53,440 --> 00:17:56,480 Speaker 1: somehow must have been a great day in eighteen sixty 306 00:17:56,480 --> 00:17:59,520 Speaker 1: four when they all agreed to let that slide. That's 307 00:17:59,560 --> 00:18:02,480 Speaker 1: amazing to me. I just wanted to stop and say, 308 00:18:02,640 --> 00:18:06,200 Speaker 1: you know, good for us people. Gosh, yeah, I mean, 309 00:18:06,640 --> 00:18:09,680 Speaker 1: it's it's also a little one of those weird things 310 00:18:09,720 --> 00:18:13,000 Speaker 1: to think about the idea of we all agree that 311 00:18:13,840 --> 00:18:17,480 Speaker 1: these people are not okay to shoot at, but these 312 00:18:17,480 --> 00:18:20,680 Speaker 1: other people are totally okay to shoot at. This is 313 00:18:20,760 --> 00:18:23,760 Speaker 1: this is where my pacifism comes in, right where I'm 314 00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:27,440 Speaker 1: just like, I don't, I don't get okay whatever, so 315 00:18:27,720 --> 00:18:30,400 Speaker 1: um at any rate, it is it is a great 316 00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:33,320 Speaker 1: testament that we were able to come to this agreement 317 00:18:33,359 --> 00:18:36,159 Speaker 1: and by and large people follow it because you know, 318 00:18:36,320 --> 00:18:39,600 Speaker 1: it's it's it applies to everyone. It's not something where 319 00:18:40,440 --> 00:18:44,120 Speaker 1: only that side gets to have the benefit of medical treatment. 320 00:18:44,200 --> 00:18:48,800 Speaker 1: It's it's this this international UH initiative. So in eighteen 321 00:18:48,840 --> 00:18:52,800 Speaker 1: sixty five, the Commercial Hospital in Cincinnati is the first 322 00:18:52,800 --> 00:18:54,879 Speaker 1: one in the United States to have a hospital based 323 00:18:54,960 --> 00:18:59,160 Speaker 1: ambulance service. Bellevue Hospital would follow in eighteen sixty nine. 324 00:19:00,040 --> 00:19:03,280 Speaker 1: In fact, this is something car stuff listeners will enjoy. 325 00:19:03,440 --> 00:19:08,720 Speaker 1: Usually we do a an inflation calculator that Scott always does. 326 00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:11,200 Speaker 1: But i'll at Lee, you probably recognized this, but I'll 327 00:19:11,200 --> 00:19:14,159 Speaker 1: fill in since uh, Scott is occupied at the moment. 328 00:19:14,480 --> 00:19:18,760 Speaker 1: So that UH ambulance driver in eighteen sixty five there 329 00:19:18,760 --> 00:19:22,080 Speaker 1: in Cincinnati would make about three hundred and sixty dollars 330 00:19:22,080 --> 00:19:25,320 Speaker 1: a year in uh, you know, eighteen sixty five dollars 331 00:19:25,320 --> 00:19:29,760 Speaker 1: in two thousand fourteen, Jonathan, Uh, this is more than 332 00:19:30,320 --> 00:19:32,639 Speaker 1: you would think, but still not that much. It's about 333 00:19:32,880 --> 00:19:39,120 Speaker 1: five thousand, two hundred thirty dollars a year a year. Wow, Yeah, 334 00:19:39,359 --> 00:19:42,840 Speaker 1: all year. I got a cut back on my Xbox consumption. 335 00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:46,080 Speaker 1: And that's probably what he was thinking right before he said, 336 00:19:46,119 --> 00:19:48,439 Speaker 1: what's the next box, right right before they called the 337 00:19:48,520 --> 00:19:51,920 Speaker 1: second ambulance driver to pick him up, because he was 338 00:19:51,920 --> 00:19:53,720 Speaker 1: talking about things that made no sense back in eighteen 339 00:19:53,760 --> 00:19:58,760 Speaker 1: sixty five and now we're finally getting to automotives. Automotives, right, yeah, yeah, yeah. 340 00:19:58,800 --> 00:20:03,879 Speaker 1: The get the first motorized ambulance in Chicago. It was 341 00:20:03,960 --> 00:20:08,680 Speaker 1: actually from why I understand, five hundred different business men 342 00:20:08,920 --> 00:20:13,639 Speaker 1: over in Chicago, UH donated money so that this ambulance 343 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:16,440 Speaker 1: could become a reality. And so it was a motorized 344 00:20:16,480 --> 00:20:19,880 Speaker 1: ambulance that was donated to Michael Reese Hospital and its 345 00:20:19,920 --> 00:20:24,640 Speaker 1: top speed was a blistering sixteen miles per hour, which 346 00:20:24,640 --> 00:20:26,439 Speaker 1: still when you think about it, when you have a 347 00:20:26,520 --> 00:20:28,960 Speaker 1: reliable sixteen miles per hour and it's a device that 348 00:20:29,000 --> 00:20:31,720 Speaker 1: doesn't get tired. It can run out of juice, but 349 00:20:31,800 --> 00:20:36,440 Speaker 1: it doesn't get exhausted. Um, that's a big deal. Now, 350 00:20:36,480 --> 00:20:40,040 Speaker 1: the next year, New York's St. Vincent Hospital would get 351 00:20:40,119 --> 00:20:46,120 Speaker 1: its own motorized ambulance. It's horseless carriage ambulance. And these 352 00:20:46,119 --> 00:20:49,720 Speaker 1: were interesting. They were not gasoline powered vehicles. These were 353 00:20:49,840 --> 00:20:52,000 Speaker 1: and and Ben you know this because you've covered car 354 00:20:52,040 --> 00:20:56,119 Speaker 1: stuffer so long. They were electric vehicles. The electric vehicle 355 00:20:56,200 --> 00:21:00,840 Speaker 1: predates the internal combustion engine. And that store is actually 356 00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:03,760 Speaker 1: so interesting that we're going to have to table it 357 00:21:03,840 --> 00:21:06,320 Speaker 1: for another episode because you and I could go off 358 00:21:06,359 --> 00:21:08,960 Speaker 1: for twenty minutes about that. But that is something that 359 00:21:09,560 --> 00:21:11,640 Speaker 1: people need to know. And I know it sounds hard 360 00:21:11,680 --> 00:21:16,280 Speaker 1: to believe, but Jonathan, your spot on the first cars 361 00:21:16,520 --> 00:21:19,880 Speaker 1: were electric. Yeah, yeah, you wouldn't think of it now, 362 00:21:19,960 --> 00:21:22,800 Speaker 1: because whenever you see any sort of advertisement for an 363 00:21:22,800 --> 00:21:25,119 Speaker 1: electric vehicle, it's treating it like it's a it's it's 364 00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:27,400 Speaker 1: a brand new idea. But this is actually older than 365 00:21:27,440 --> 00:21:30,040 Speaker 1: the gasoline powered cars where we've been relying on for 366 00:21:30,080 --> 00:21:35,000 Speaker 1: a century at any rate. Uh, these electrical engine ambulances 367 00:21:35,080 --> 00:21:37,760 Speaker 1: they had a maximum travel distance of between twenty to 368 00:21:37,920 --> 00:21:40,280 Speaker 1: thirty miles, which is pretty good. Yeah, you're talking about 369 00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:43,320 Speaker 1: a city, right, You're not talking about driving from one 370 00:21:43,320 --> 00:21:45,359 Speaker 1: city to the next. You're talking about an ambulance that 371 00:21:45,400 --> 00:21:48,920 Speaker 1: would go out from a hospital to a specific location 372 00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:51,040 Speaker 1: within a city, pick up somebody and bring it back. 373 00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:55,080 Speaker 1: So bringing him or her back, and the doctor in 374 00:21:55,160 --> 00:21:58,160 Speaker 1: the back of the ambulance, because they actually would allow 375 00:21:58,200 --> 00:22:01,560 Speaker 1: a medical practitioner to go along, could communicate with the 376 00:22:01,640 --> 00:22:05,320 Speaker 1: driver in the front through a speaking tube. Yeah. I 377 00:22:05,359 --> 00:22:07,520 Speaker 1: love the I love that note you have about the 378 00:22:07,560 --> 00:22:10,680 Speaker 1: speaking tube. I wish we still had those cars. That 379 00:22:10,760 --> 00:22:13,480 Speaker 1: sounds so much more fun than an intercom. Yeah, yeah, 380 00:22:13,520 --> 00:22:19,720 Speaker 1: we're be careful going around the corner. See. Yeah, obviously 381 00:22:19,760 --> 00:22:23,280 Speaker 1: that that brain stuff episode about old timey voices is 382 00:22:23,359 --> 00:22:27,480 Speaker 1: stuck in my head. Keep falling into it. Um. So 383 00:22:27,600 --> 00:22:31,080 Speaker 1: here we are. We're approaching the twenty century. Yeah, we're 384 00:22:31,080 --> 00:22:33,919 Speaker 1: in the twentieth century. We're in the twentieth century. That's right, 385 00:22:33,960 --> 00:22:36,639 Speaker 1: we're early on in it because because New York's got 386 00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:39,560 Speaker 1: there's nineteen hundred. I guess if you want to be technical, 387 00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:43,520 Speaker 1: nineteen o one is into the twentieth century. You're not 388 00:22:43,520 --> 00:22:46,560 Speaker 1: gonna be that guy. Okay. Well, early in the twentieth century, 389 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:51,680 Speaker 1: Major Palace of the Canadian Army introduced the first gasoline 390 00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:56,359 Speaker 1: powered ambulance. Got it first, and everyone went my word 391 00:22:57,560 --> 00:23:00,960 Speaker 1: or they went a yeah, one of those. Uh. At 392 00:23:00,960 --> 00:23:04,240 Speaker 1: any rate, it makes sense. Canada gets pretty cold. And 393 00:23:04,240 --> 00:23:06,080 Speaker 1: we'll talk a little bit about fuel types when we 394 00:23:06,119 --> 00:23:09,879 Speaker 1: get further into the discussion. So using gasolene made some sense. 395 00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:12,560 Speaker 1: The first mass produced ambulance came from a company that 396 00:23:12,640 --> 00:23:16,760 Speaker 1: sold herses. Just like Lee was mentioning, horses were vehicles 397 00:23:16,800 --> 00:23:19,280 Speaker 1: that you know, we're designed to have a person laid 398 00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:22,480 Speaker 1: out in the back, and so a patient who's suffering 399 00:23:22,520 --> 00:23:25,200 Speaker 1: from some sort of injury or illness may feel more 400 00:23:25,200 --> 00:23:29,040 Speaker 1: comfortable laying down than sitting up. And so the this 401 00:23:29,080 --> 00:23:33,440 Speaker 1: company was called James Cunningham's Son and Company, and there 402 00:23:33,480 --> 00:23:35,920 Speaker 1: they had a really interesting design. In fact, they were 403 00:23:36,080 --> 00:23:41,560 Speaker 1: very uh advanced in automobile technology compared to there there 404 00:23:41,560 --> 00:23:43,360 Speaker 1: the other cars that were on the road at the time. 405 00:23:43,440 --> 00:23:47,560 Speaker 1: So again early twent century, and you end up getting 406 00:23:47,680 --> 00:23:51,239 Speaker 1: this uh, this machine that has a cot in the 407 00:23:51,240 --> 00:23:53,960 Speaker 1: back of it, and it had its own suspension, So 408 00:23:54,040 --> 00:23:56,880 Speaker 1: the cot had its suspension independent of the vehicle, which 409 00:23:56,920 --> 00:24:01,919 Speaker 1: allowed the passenger, the patient to main more comfortable. They 410 00:24:01,960 --> 00:24:06,200 Speaker 1: didn't feel all the bumps that the ambulance is driving over. 411 00:24:06,359 --> 00:24:09,280 Speaker 1: That can also prevent further injury too, in the case 412 00:24:09,359 --> 00:24:14,800 Speaker 1: of you know, a compound break or lungs. Yeah, yeah, 413 00:24:14,840 --> 00:24:18,600 Speaker 1: it's very important in that sense. The the ambulance itself 414 00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:22,080 Speaker 1: also had pneumatic tires, which was unusual at the time. 415 00:24:22,119 --> 00:24:26,239 Speaker 1: Most vehicles had solid tires. It wasn't until later that 416 00:24:26,440 --> 00:24:30,119 Speaker 1: pneumatic tires became kind of standard, and these obviously also 417 00:24:30,320 --> 00:24:35,200 Speaker 1: allowed for a much smoother, gentler ride than a solid 418 00:24:35,280 --> 00:24:37,680 Speaker 1: rubber tire. Can you imagine what that must have felt 419 00:24:37,720 --> 00:24:41,159 Speaker 1: like I had to be pretty rough. They didn't have 420 00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:43,880 Speaker 1: a siren that favorite ambulances, and I was like, yes, 421 00:24:43,880 --> 00:24:46,520 Speaker 1: they had a gong mounted on the side of the ambulance. No, 422 00:24:46,680 --> 00:24:48,320 Speaker 1: can we get a can we get a gong? Noise? 423 00:24:50,520 --> 00:24:53,080 Speaker 1: Someone must have someone must have fallen down and broken 424 00:24:53,080 --> 00:24:56,159 Speaker 1: a leg or something. Yeah, So they used that in 425 00:24:56,280 --> 00:24:59,840 Speaker 1: order to again same reasons that that ambulances have sirens 426 00:24:59,840 --> 00:25:02,920 Speaker 1: to alert people that an ambulance was coming through so 427 00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:05,840 Speaker 1: that they could make way and allow the ambulance to 428 00:25:05,840 --> 00:25:08,040 Speaker 1: get to where it needed to be. Going on to 429 00:25:08,280 --> 00:25:10,560 Speaker 1: the earlier point that you made, which I which I 430 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:14,240 Speaker 1: think is so profound and cannot be over emphasized. So 431 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:18,320 Speaker 1: many of the innovations in both performance and safety into 432 00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:23,320 Speaker 1: automobiles today come from two places, racing or war. And 433 00:25:23,359 --> 00:25:25,760 Speaker 1: it's weird when you think about it, because war still 434 00:25:25,840 --> 00:25:28,800 Speaker 1: has uh. I would almost seeing even bigger parts of 435 00:25:28,840 --> 00:25:31,160 Speaker 1: play in the growth of the ambulance right. So sure, 436 00:25:31,240 --> 00:25:33,359 Speaker 1: because for one thing, you had to stay supply of 437 00:25:33,359 --> 00:25:36,239 Speaker 1: people who needed them. So, I mean, you know just 438 00:25:36,320 --> 00:25:38,960 Speaker 1: from that, but but it is You're You're making an 439 00:25:39,000 --> 00:25:43,200 Speaker 1: interesting point here that both racing and war really drive innovation. 440 00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:48,280 Speaker 1: One in the sense means to use a pun that 441 00:25:48,359 --> 00:25:50,879 Speaker 1: one was not intentional. I usually go out of my 442 00:25:50,920 --> 00:25:53,959 Speaker 1: way for these uh no, but they really do. Because 443 00:25:54,040 --> 00:25:56,760 Speaker 1: you have racing where there's a lot of money involved. 444 00:25:56,800 --> 00:26:00,120 Speaker 1: You want to be able to uh to get as 445 00:26:00,200 --> 00:26:02,160 Speaker 1: much money as you can if you're if you're running 446 00:26:02,160 --> 00:26:03,960 Speaker 1: a racing team, and you want your drivers to be 447 00:26:04,040 --> 00:26:07,320 Speaker 1: safe because they're the ones earning you the money. And 448 00:26:07,400 --> 00:26:09,720 Speaker 1: so you end up coming up with these innovative ways 449 00:26:09,760 --> 00:26:12,720 Speaker 1: of keeping your drivers safe, which later get trickled down 450 00:26:12,840 --> 00:26:17,240 Speaker 1: into other vehicles because their their efficacy is proven. And 451 00:26:17,240 --> 00:26:20,560 Speaker 1: then war, obviously you have the incentive to try and 452 00:26:21,240 --> 00:26:24,680 Speaker 1: keep as many of your men alive as possible on 453 00:26:24,720 --> 00:26:27,159 Speaker 1: inflicting as much damage on the enemy as possible, and 454 00:26:27,200 --> 00:26:30,240 Speaker 1: that requires lots of innovation. So that brings us to 455 00:26:30,240 --> 00:26:34,840 Speaker 1: World War One, Terrible War nineteen fourteen to nineteen eighteen, 456 00:26:35,359 --> 00:26:38,359 Speaker 1: and this saw motorized vehicles service ambulances, but there were 457 00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:40,960 Speaker 1: still a lot of horse drawn ambulances at the same time. 458 00:26:41,000 --> 00:26:44,560 Speaker 1: This is a moment of transition when the automobile hasn't 459 00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:50,359 Speaker 1: had universal acceptance or it's not universally available, and early 460 00:26:50,480 --> 00:26:54,560 Speaker 1: versions of ambulances were just converted buses or Parisian taxis. 461 00:26:55,280 --> 00:26:58,840 Speaker 1: They took taxis out of Paris and turned them into ambulances. 462 00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:01,399 Speaker 1: So when the United States centered the war, the Americans 463 00:27:01,400 --> 00:27:05,000 Speaker 1: brought along the Model t Ford to serve as ambulances. 464 00:27:05,040 --> 00:27:08,560 Speaker 1: These were actually modified Model t Fords. They were had 465 00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:11,600 Speaker 1: a had a wider carriage to be able to accept 466 00:27:11,680 --> 00:27:18,720 Speaker 1: a person laying down um and they could travel speeds 467 00:27:18,760 --> 00:27:21,360 Speaker 1: up to forty and they could go across much more 468 00:27:21,440 --> 00:27:25,000 Speaker 1: rough terrain than your average wagon could. And there was 469 00:27:25,040 --> 00:27:29,760 Speaker 1: some experiments with airlifting patients, not using airplanes or helicopters, 470 00:27:29,800 --> 00:27:33,600 Speaker 1: but hot air balloons. This is crazy, actually, one the 471 00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:35,760 Speaker 1: first one I've read about was in the Crimean War, 472 00:27:35,880 --> 00:27:38,160 Speaker 1: but there was also some in the in World War One. 473 00:27:38,600 --> 00:27:41,160 Speaker 1: And one of the methods I saw had a stretcher 474 00:27:41,280 --> 00:27:45,080 Speaker 1: suspended beneath a balloon, so the balloon floats in the 475 00:27:45,119 --> 00:27:48,880 Speaker 1: air carries the the stretcher. And you think, how on 476 00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:51,520 Speaker 1: earth is the patients supposed to get to any place 477 00:27:51,560 --> 00:27:55,280 Speaker 1: meaningful as opposed to just getting away, And it was 478 00:27:55,280 --> 00:27:57,760 Speaker 1: because there there'd be a horse that would be tethered 479 00:27:57,920 --> 00:28:01,920 Speaker 1: to the stretcher and the worst would you know, trod 480 00:28:01,960 --> 00:28:04,840 Speaker 1: along to wherever it was supposed to go. I assumed 481 00:28:04,840 --> 00:28:07,080 Speaker 1: there was also a writer, but that would go to 482 00:28:07,160 --> 00:28:10,520 Speaker 1: the nearest hospital and it would tow the balloon to 483 00:28:10,760 --> 00:28:13,439 Speaker 1: the hospital and us you would be able to bring 484 00:28:13,480 --> 00:28:16,560 Speaker 1: the patient back down to earth if they were not 485 00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:20,480 Speaker 1: shot from the sky. I mean, it's an innovative idea, yeah, 486 00:28:20,560 --> 00:28:23,800 Speaker 1: but you know it's not it's not perfect. Is he 487 00:28:23,880 --> 00:28:27,639 Speaker 1: jumping off point right? Right? Yeah? Or a falling down? Okay? 488 00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:31,480 Speaker 1: Post World War two? All right, So World War two 489 00:28:31,520 --> 00:28:34,000 Speaker 1: obviously more developments in the ambulance. By then we had 490 00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:37,439 Speaker 1: really switched to automobiles. But post World War Two you 491 00:28:37,520 --> 00:28:41,160 Speaker 1: also saw urban growth exploding and it meant that we 492 00:28:41,200 --> 00:28:44,800 Speaker 1: needed more ambulance services. So you have a lot more areas, 493 00:28:44,840 --> 00:28:47,840 Speaker 1: like you know, there were cities like London in Paris 494 00:28:47,920 --> 00:28:51,560 Speaker 1: that have been huge for hundreds of years. But in 495 00:28:51,600 --> 00:28:53,760 Speaker 1: general we started to see more of a move from 496 00:28:54,000 --> 00:28:58,040 Speaker 1: agriculture to urban environments. This is the same time as 497 00:28:58,440 --> 00:29:02,360 Speaker 1: we're starting to see like some some really big developments 498 00:29:02,400 --> 00:29:06,840 Speaker 1: in industry that's just pushing people towards that. And so 499 00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:09,400 Speaker 1: it meant that we had a larger need for ambulance 500 00:29:09,440 --> 00:29:12,600 Speaker 1: services in cities, and that need was starting to be 501 00:29:12,640 --> 00:29:16,520 Speaker 1: met by various approaches. Again, many of these ambulances were 502 00:29:16,520 --> 00:29:19,360 Speaker 1: converted horses, but these didn't have a lot of room 503 00:29:19,400 --> 00:29:22,960 Speaker 1: for an attendant. You couldn't really have a medical professional 504 00:29:23,040 --> 00:29:26,200 Speaker 1: in the back who could easily attend to any person. 505 00:29:26,680 --> 00:29:30,600 Speaker 1: You Essentially, we're just moving the injured person to a hospital. 506 00:29:30,840 --> 00:29:34,040 Speaker 1: So the standard thinking was that treatment would begin once 507 00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:37,160 Speaker 1: he got to the hospital, right. Yeah. And now, of course, 508 00:29:37,200 --> 00:29:40,600 Speaker 1: if you have ever been in an ambulance, seen one, 509 00:29:40,800 --> 00:29:44,240 Speaker 1: or just even watch TV, you know that treatment begins 510 00:29:44,280 --> 00:29:50,400 Speaker 1: the moment E M S arrives. But up until this point, 511 00:29:50,400 --> 00:29:53,560 Speaker 1: there wasn't really an E M S thing. Yeah, yeah, 512 00:29:53,560 --> 00:29:56,040 Speaker 1: this was again it was one of those ideas where 513 00:29:56,240 --> 00:29:59,120 Speaker 1: the people who were best qualified to treat the patient, 514 00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:02,280 Speaker 1: we're all at the hospit spittle or or urgent care 515 00:30:02,280 --> 00:30:05,680 Speaker 1: center or whatever, something along those lines, and the idea 516 00:30:05,760 --> 00:30:07,640 Speaker 1: was you had to get the patient to that person. 517 00:30:08,400 --> 00:30:11,280 Speaker 1: There wasn't so much of an idea of having medically 518 00:30:11,320 --> 00:30:15,000 Speaker 1: trained people go out to see the patient and attend 519 00:30:15,040 --> 00:30:17,600 Speaker 1: to the patient while they are being transported back to 520 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:20,440 Speaker 1: a hospital or other facility. And it wasn't until the 521 00:30:20,520 --> 00:30:23,240 Speaker 1: nineteen fifties that we really see that birth of the 522 00:30:23,280 --> 00:30:26,760 Speaker 1: emergency medical services movement, and this is where we would 523 00:30:26,760 --> 00:30:30,480 Speaker 1: see people who were treating trained in medical emergency uh 524 00:30:30,600 --> 00:30:34,880 Speaker 1: techniques to try and go out and treat people and 525 00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:38,640 Speaker 1: give them a better chance of recovery or survival, even 526 00:30:38,960 --> 00:30:42,560 Speaker 1: depending on the nature of the illness or injury. Yeah. 527 00:30:42,640 --> 00:30:47,320 Speaker 1: And we know that this eventually leads to um leads 528 00:30:47,360 --> 00:30:52,120 Speaker 1: to more improvements in the typical ambulance because also the 529 00:30:52,640 --> 00:30:56,480 Speaker 1: as strange as this sounds, uh, the ambulances that were 530 00:30:56,600 --> 00:31:01,720 Speaker 1: used before this time didn't necessarily have of medical equipment 531 00:31:01,760 --> 00:31:05,720 Speaker 1: on board. R Yeah. It was essentially a moving bed. Yeah. 532 00:31:05,760 --> 00:31:08,000 Speaker 1: I mean that's really what it got boils down to, 533 00:31:08,200 --> 00:31:10,520 Speaker 1: is that, uh. You know again, a lot of the 534 00:31:10,800 --> 00:31:15,280 Speaker 1: ambulances were just meant to allow people to take a 535 00:31:15,360 --> 00:31:18,880 Speaker 1: wounded or sick person to the hospital. That's it. But 536 00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:23,800 Speaker 1: it changed once we started getting medical professionals on board. Yeah. 537 00:31:23,880 --> 00:31:27,960 Speaker 1: And in nineteen sixty five there was the Accidental Death 538 00:31:27,960 --> 00:31:30,760 Speaker 1: and Disability Paper, which I think was actually published in 539 00:31:30,800 --> 00:31:33,320 Speaker 1: sixty six, written in sixty five, published in sixty six, 540 00:31:33,720 --> 00:31:35,800 Speaker 1: and it called for a new type of ambulance to 541 00:31:35,840 --> 00:31:38,520 Speaker 1: provide space for the not just the patient, but also 542 00:31:38,520 --> 00:31:42,640 Speaker 1: in attendant end equipment. The idea here being we can 543 00:31:42,680 --> 00:31:46,160 Speaker 1: treat this person as soon as we're able to make 544 00:31:46,200 --> 00:31:47,960 Speaker 1: contact with them. As soon as we get to where 545 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:51,320 Speaker 1: they are, we treatment can begin at that moment. There's 546 00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:54,320 Speaker 1: no need to put it off until they are at 547 00:31:54,320 --> 00:31:57,600 Speaker 1: the hospital. That too many lives are being lost. Too 548 00:31:57,680 --> 00:32:00,560 Speaker 1: many or even if the life isn't law, the quality 549 00:32:00,560 --> 00:32:05,280 Speaker 1: of life declines sharply if they aren't able to receive 550 00:32:05,400 --> 00:32:09,200 Speaker 1: help as early as possible. So the nineteen seventy three 551 00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:12,840 Speaker 1: e M S Systems Act required that communities receiving federal 552 00:32:12,920 --> 00:32:15,960 Speaker 1: funds for their programs had to have ambulances that met 553 00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:21,120 Speaker 1: federal specifications, which included things like they're you know, crash 554 00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:25,920 Speaker 1: test rating or having um A B S or you 555 00:32:25,920 --> 00:32:29,880 Speaker 1: know other elements as we've been down to the frequency 556 00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:32,920 Speaker 1: of maintenance. Y. Yeah, you had to be able to 557 00:32:32,960 --> 00:32:36,400 Speaker 1: meet these qualifications in order for you to receive that funding, 558 00:32:36,400 --> 00:32:39,240 Speaker 1: otherwise you could have the funding cut off. There are 559 00:32:39,280 --> 00:32:43,960 Speaker 1: three types of chassiss that were established by this and 560 00:32:44,040 --> 00:32:47,040 Speaker 1: those three types are still the types we we refer 561 00:32:47,160 --> 00:32:50,520 Speaker 1: to today. So you've got type one, which uses a 562 00:32:50,560 --> 00:32:53,320 Speaker 1: small truck body with a modular component in the back 563 00:32:53,960 --> 00:32:56,720 Speaker 1: Type two, which is I think the most prevalent type 564 00:32:56,720 --> 00:32:58,800 Speaker 1: here in the United States at least. It has a 565 00:32:58,880 --> 00:33:01,480 Speaker 1: van body with a ray roof, and Type three has 566 00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:04,400 Speaker 1: a van chassis but with a modular component in the back. 567 00:33:04,640 --> 00:33:08,400 Speaker 1: And in the United States, these will all have something 568 00:33:08,480 --> 00:33:11,240 Speaker 1: called the Star of Life. We've all seen this. It's 569 00:33:11,280 --> 00:33:15,280 Speaker 1: a blue uh, six pointed star uh with the with 570 00:33:15,360 --> 00:33:17,560 Speaker 1: the rod in the middle right and then the snake 571 00:33:17,640 --> 00:33:19,840 Speaker 1: on it, you know, the whole nine uh. This was 572 00:33:19,880 --> 00:33:24,800 Speaker 1: originally designed by the U S National Traffic Safety Administration, 573 00:33:25,240 --> 00:33:27,560 Speaker 1: and it's kind of like a it's weird because it's 574 00:33:27,640 --> 00:33:30,440 Speaker 1: it's trademarked by them, but it's kind of like a 575 00:33:30,520 --> 00:33:35,920 Speaker 1: mark of authenticity for E M S vehicles and for ambulances, 576 00:33:36,080 --> 00:33:39,000 Speaker 1: um or and even you know, of course, you see 577 00:33:39,000 --> 00:33:42,600 Speaker 1: a paramedic, they will usually have that somewhere on their 578 00:33:42,640 --> 00:33:46,520 Speaker 1: on their body. And this you'll see on our notes here. 579 00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:49,000 Speaker 1: I had this as we could skip this, but it's interesting. Yeah, 580 00:33:49,080 --> 00:33:52,040 Speaker 1: let's keep it okay, alright, cool. The next time you 581 00:33:52,160 --> 00:33:54,400 Speaker 1: look at one of these six pointed stars on the 582 00:33:54,440 --> 00:33:57,520 Speaker 1: side of an ambulance or a paramedic, it looks almost 583 00:33:57,560 --> 00:34:00,600 Speaker 1: like an asterisk. It pretty it looks way more like 584 00:34:00,640 --> 00:34:03,280 Speaker 1: an asterisk than it does like a star, you know, 585 00:34:03,640 --> 00:34:06,000 Speaker 1: because it has it has flat ends, so it's more 586 00:34:06,040 --> 00:34:09,480 Speaker 1: like three bars laid over one another. Each of these 587 00:34:09,480 --> 00:34:13,879 Speaker 1: projecting points stands for one of the things that emergency 588 00:34:13,920 --> 00:34:18,439 Speaker 1: services do. There's detection, reporting, response on seen care, care 589 00:34:18,480 --> 00:34:22,120 Speaker 1: and transit, and then transfer to definitive care. And to me, 590 00:34:22,280 --> 00:34:26,680 Speaker 1: that's interesting because I always wonder about the logic behind 591 00:34:26,840 --> 00:34:30,239 Speaker 1: a logo, you know, um where where, because everybody who 592 00:34:30,320 --> 00:34:34,040 Speaker 1: makes one of these has a story. Sure like the 593 00:34:34,080 --> 00:34:36,560 Speaker 1: Red Cross, right the Right to st John, you don't. 594 00:34:36,600 --> 00:34:39,560 Speaker 1: You don't. Typically when you're making a logo, you don't 595 00:34:39,560 --> 00:34:41,600 Speaker 1: want it to to You wanted to have some sort 596 00:34:41,600 --> 00:34:44,960 Speaker 1: of significance or whatever it is you're doing right you 597 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:46,960 Speaker 1: want you wanted to tell its own story so that 598 00:34:47,000 --> 00:34:49,279 Speaker 1: not only do people recognize it as your logo, but 599 00:34:49,400 --> 00:34:52,200 Speaker 1: they at least get that there's some sort of significance 600 00:34:52,239 --> 00:34:55,759 Speaker 1: to it. I always I feel so dumb because Jonathan, 601 00:34:55,840 --> 00:34:58,359 Speaker 1: I always assumed that they just stuck a logo on 602 00:34:58,440 --> 00:35:01,399 Speaker 1: there because they said, hey, you know what, let's let 603 00:35:01,400 --> 00:35:04,440 Speaker 1: people know this is an ambulance. Well, to be fair, Ben, 604 00:35:04,560 --> 00:35:06,719 Speaker 1: that could be the answer and it could be that 605 00:35:06,800 --> 00:35:11,840 Speaker 1: these six points were retro cond you know, totally you know, 606 00:35:12,120 --> 00:35:15,240 Speaker 1: reckon the whole thing. But I thought it was really interesting. 607 00:35:15,239 --> 00:35:17,880 Speaker 1: It also makes me think that if if you're hurt 608 00:35:18,600 --> 00:35:21,400 Speaker 1: and a van pulls up and it doesn't have this 609 00:35:21,480 --> 00:35:24,160 Speaker 1: mark on it, don't get into the van. Not the 610 00:35:24,200 --> 00:35:27,400 Speaker 1: same thing. Yeah, that's the first thing that that occurred 611 00:35:27,440 --> 00:35:29,319 Speaker 1: to me when you were talking about this. No, we 612 00:35:29,600 --> 00:35:32,560 Speaker 1: we name the three types right that they have there, 613 00:35:32,880 --> 00:35:37,600 Speaker 1: but UH ambulances, as we established at the top, don't 614 00:35:37,800 --> 00:35:42,800 Speaker 1: have to necessarily be a car automobile. Yeah, they they 615 00:35:43,040 --> 00:35:45,360 Speaker 1: can be, and in fact, i'd say the vast majority 616 00:35:45,400 --> 00:35:49,800 Speaker 1: of them are, but they can also be boats or helicopters, 617 00:35:49,920 --> 00:35:54,480 Speaker 1: fixed wing aircraft or even other vehicles. And emergency ambulances 618 00:35:54,560 --> 00:35:57,040 Speaker 1: are you know, the ones that we think of that's 619 00:35:57,040 --> 00:35:59,759 Speaker 1: the most common type, the emergency ambulances, the type that 620 00:35:59,800 --> 00:36:03,279 Speaker 1: has a medical professional in it um at least one 621 00:36:03,400 --> 00:36:07,000 Speaker 1: usually to UH, and that can treat you on the 622 00:36:07,080 --> 00:36:11,080 Speaker 1: way to a medical facility like a hospital. But there 623 00:36:11,080 --> 00:36:14,640 Speaker 1: are other types of ambulances as well, like charity ambulances, 624 00:36:14,880 --> 00:36:18,719 Speaker 1: which technically what they do is they transport patients to 625 00:36:19,239 --> 00:36:23,200 Speaker 1: some other location for you know, maybe an outing. So 626 00:36:23,360 --> 00:36:26,800 Speaker 1: think of like a children's hospital where there's an organized 627 00:36:26,840 --> 00:36:30,480 Speaker 1: trip to take children from the children's hospital to some 628 00:36:30,520 --> 00:36:34,160 Speaker 1: location like a zoo or essentially what is similar to 629 00:36:34,200 --> 00:36:37,160 Speaker 1: a field trip. So there are other ambulances as well 630 00:36:37,200 --> 00:36:40,840 Speaker 1: that are designed to carry patients or to get medical 631 00:36:40,840 --> 00:36:44,919 Speaker 1: professionals to patients, but emergency ambulances are the ones we're 632 00:36:44,920 --> 00:36:46,759 Speaker 1: focusing on because those are the ones that I think 633 00:36:46,800 --> 00:36:48,719 Speaker 1: most people when they hear the word ambulance, that's what 634 00:36:48,760 --> 00:36:52,640 Speaker 1: they're thinking about, right, And even more specifically we're talking 635 00:36:52,640 --> 00:36:56,320 Speaker 1: about the van based ones because there's a very interesting 636 00:36:57,000 --> 00:37:01,320 Speaker 1: story about how these are created. Yeah, it takes a 637 00:37:02,239 --> 00:37:05,520 Speaker 1: it takes a village, or at least two different manufacturers 638 00:37:05,960 --> 00:37:08,360 Speaker 1: in general. So you may think, like, well, where do 639 00:37:08,400 --> 00:37:11,200 Speaker 1: ambulances come from? Who makes them? Like what what car 640 00:37:11,239 --> 00:37:13,799 Speaker 1: company makes them? And there's no single answer for that. 641 00:37:13,840 --> 00:37:16,080 Speaker 1: In fact, there are lots of different car companies that 642 00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:20,960 Speaker 1: make the chassiss that end up being used as ambulances. 643 00:37:21,040 --> 00:37:23,840 Speaker 1: And then you have other manufacturers that are not the 644 00:37:23,920 --> 00:37:28,640 Speaker 1: big car companies that make the various compartments like the 645 00:37:28,719 --> 00:37:31,920 Speaker 1: actual you know, maybe the modular components in some cases 646 00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:34,799 Speaker 1: or in other cases they get they get possession of 647 00:37:34,840 --> 00:37:38,640 Speaker 1: the chassis that was manufactured by the first company, and 648 00:37:38,640 --> 00:37:43,040 Speaker 1: then they put in all the stuff like the fittings, 649 00:37:43,080 --> 00:37:45,840 Speaker 1: the medical equipment, all the kind of thing that actually 650 00:37:45,880 --> 00:37:48,759 Speaker 1: makes it an ambulance, the tech that will will talk 651 00:37:48,800 --> 00:37:50,880 Speaker 1: about in just a bit. And then they're also the 652 00:37:50,920 --> 00:37:54,600 Speaker 1: second manufacturer is typically the one who has to build 653 00:37:54,600 --> 00:37:57,279 Speaker 1: to that federal code. Yes, yeah, they build out that 654 00:37:57,320 --> 00:37:59,640 Speaker 1: whole interior. They have to meet the code and the 655 00:37:59,719 --> 00:38:03,120 Speaker 1: chat see obviously has to meet the requirements of things 656 00:38:03,160 --> 00:38:06,200 Speaker 1: like the crash tests, but the rest of it also 657 00:38:06,239 --> 00:38:09,440 Speaker 1: has to meet those same requirements. So it's interesting that 658 00:38:09,480 --> 00:38:11,759 Speaker 1: you wouldn't say, you know, because you think of you 659 00:38:11,800 --> 00:38:15,640 Speaker 1: think of vehicles usually as a single manufacturer. Yeah, yeah, 660 00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:17,719 Speaker 1: that's a Dodge such and such, you know that kind 661 00:38:17,719 --> 00:38:22,120 Speaker 1: of thing. Whereas Dodge does make the chassis for some ambulances. 662 00:38:22,120 --> 00:38:25,120 Speaker 1: But it's not like you can't say the ambulance is 663 00:38:25,200 --> 00:38:27,360 Speaker 1: a blank vehicle. It's a type of vehicle, just like 664 00:38:27,400 --> 00:38:29,480 Speaker 1: a van is a type of vehicle, or sedan is 665 00:38:29,520 --> 00:38:31,520 Speaker 1: a type of vehicle. Yeah, that's a great point, and 666 00:38:31,520 --> 00:38:38,200 Speaker 1: they're so so varied in terms of just size, type, shape, function. 667 00:38:38,520 --> 00:38:41,239 Speaker 1: It really reminds me of limousines. Actually, yeah, because a 668 00:38:41,280 --> 00:38:45,000 Speaker 1: lot of limos are custom custom coach jobs too. That's 669 00:38:45,040 --> 00:38:50,439 Speaker 1: what it's called when a manufacturer is building something, uh 670 00:38:50,680 --> 00:38:56,040 Speaker 1: to specification rather than to um production numbers, if that 671 00:38:56,080 --> 00:38:59,680 Speaker 1: makes sense. So we know also that this even goes 672 00:38:59,760 --> 00:39:02,560 Speaker 1: down to uh oh, this is a point you made earlier. 673 00:39:02,600 --> 00:39:04,879 Speaker 1: This even comes down to what sort of fuel they use. 674 00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:09,120 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, because if you are in a cold area, 675 00:39:09,280 --> 00:39:11,799 Speaker 1: then you may not want to use diesel fuel. See, 676 00:39:11,800 --> 00:39:14,600 Speaker 1: diesel is often used in the warmer climates. It's it's 677 00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:17,800 Speaker 1: often thought of as being more efficient and also safer 678 00:39:18,200 --> 00:39:21,480 Speaker 1: because uh and if you are responding to let's say 679 00:39:21,480 --> 00:39:25,440 Speaker 1: a fire, then a gasoline powered vehicle is considered to 680 00:39:25,520 --> 00:39:30,960 Speaker 1: be dangerous because gasoline is very, very flammable, Diesel not 681 00:39:31,040 --> 00:39:34,440 Speaker 1: as much. So yeah, so, so diesel vehicles are often 682 00:39:34,560 --> 00:39:38,480 Speaker 1: used um in warmer climates, but in cold climates, diesel 683 00:39:38,680 --> 00:39:42,920 Speaker 1: engines take time to warm up to actually work. Anyone 684 00:39:42,960 --> 00:39:45,600 Speaker 1: who's operated a diesel vehicle up in the Great White 685 00:39:45,640 --> 00:39:49,680 Speaker 1: North knows what I'm talking about, So they often will 686 00:39:49,800 --> 00:39:53,960 Speaker 1: use gasoline powered vehicles instead. Uh, you might find gasoline 687 00:39:53,960 --> 00:39:57,040 Speaker 1: powered vehicles in warmer climates to it kind of just 688 00:39:57,120 --> 00:40:01,879 Speaker 1: depends upon whatever the company that's running the ambulance has ordered. Right. 689 00:40:01,920 --> 00:40:05,520 Speaker 1: There are quite a few companies and US partially or 690 00:40:05,640 --> 00:40:09,759 Speaker 1: Holy State owned enterprises. The more and more we learn 691 00:40:09,800 --> 00:40:13,319 Speaker 1: about ambulances, the more we learned that while they all 692 00:40:13,360 --> 00:40:16,080 Speaker 1: have the same aim for the most part, they have 693 00:40:16,760 --> 00:40:20,960 Speaker 1: that their myriad ways to get there. And uh. One 694 00:40:21,000 --> 00:40:24,080 Speaker 1: great note about the diesel fuel, right is, of course 695 00:40:24,120 --> 00:40:26,920 Speaker 1: you can't use a fuel, no matter how efficient it is, 696 00:40:26,960 --> 00:40:28,920 Speaker 1: you can't use the fuel that will slow you down 697 00:40:28,960 --> 00:40:32,160 Speaker 1: in these situations. I mean, you can't even really stop 698 00:40:32,200 --> 00:40:34,400 Speaker 1: for traffic lights or anything, which is why you have 699 00:40:34,480 --> 00:40:39,359 Speaker 1: those famous ambulance sirens and lights. What's interesting to me 700 00:40:39,520 --> 00:40:43,760 Speaker 1: is that the very first motorized ambulances had these electric 701 00:40:43,880 --> 00:40:46,800 Speaker 1: lights that were mounted on the outside to help people 702 00:40:47,280 --> 00:40:48,960 Speaker 1: be alerted to the fact that there was an ambulance 703 00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:50,480 Speaker 1: coming through. I think it was the New York one 704 00:40:50,520 --> 00:40:53,040 Speaker 1: that had the first ones. Yeah, which is kind of cool. 705 00:40:53,080 --> 00:40:55,880 Speaker 1: Now sirens came a little later, but this is one 706 00:40:55,880 --> 00:40:58,920 Speaker 1: of those things that we see common across emergency response vehicles, 707 00:40:58,920 --> 00:41:04,080 Speaker 1: whether it's police ambulance, fire engines, etcetera. And obviously they 708 00:41:04,160 --> 00:41:07,439 Speaker 1: all have the same uh need or the same aim, 709 00:41:07,440 --> 00:41:10,799 Speaker 1: which is to alert people. Hey, you know there, we 710 00:41:10,880 --> 00:41:13,200 Speaker 1: have got someplace. We have got to be very quickly. 711 00:41:13,239 --> 00:41:16,320 Speaker 1: People's lives depend on it. Please move out the way. 712 00:41:16,640 --> 00:41:19,360 Speaker 1: And so obviously, if you're in the United States, you 713 00:41:19,400 --> 00:41:21,520 Speaker 1: know what you're supposed to do. You're supposed to pull 714 00:41:21,560 --> 00:41:23,440 Speaker 1: over to the side of the road and stop your vehicle, 715 00:41:24,000 --> 00:41:28,440 Speaker 1: not crawl along. You stop, you allow the emergency vehicles 716 00:41:28,480 --> 00:41:32,640 Speaker 1: to pass, and then you can resume normal operation. Uh. 717 00:41:32,680 --> 00:41:36,080 Speaker 1: So those lights and sirens. Uh, it's interesting. You know 718 00:41:36,160 --> 00:41:39,960 Speaker 1: you've probably wondered. I actually had a conversation about this 719 00:41:40,000 --> 00:41:43,520 Speaker 1: with friends of mine not too long ago about if 720 00:41:43,560 --> 00:41:46,160 Speaker 1: you hear a siren going off, you see the lights 721 00:41:46,200 --> 00:41:50,280 Speaker 1: going off, you wonder is there someone in that vehicle, 722 00:41:50,760 --> 00:41:52,680 Speaker 1: like a patient? Is there a patient in that vehicle 723 00:41:52,760 --> 00:41:56,919 Speaker 1: or are they on their way to get a patient? Well, 724 00:41:57,280 --> 00:42:00,720 Speaker 1: you can't really tell, except to say that statistically speaking, 725 00:42:00,800 --> 00:42:03,000 Speaker 1: it's far more likely if the siren is on and 726 00:42:03,040 --> 00:42:06,280 Speaker 1: the lights are going that there is not a patient 727 00:42:06,400 --> 00:42:10,920 Speaker 1: in the back. Generally speaking, the rules say and the rules, 728 00:42:10,960 --> 00:42:13,440 Speaker 1: by the way, they vary from region to region, but 729 00:42:14,440 --> 00:42:18,279 Speaker 1: generally speaking, the rules say that if you are on 730 00:42:18,320 --> 00:42:22,200 Speaker 1: your way to try and and respond to someone who 731 00:42:22,640 --> 00:42:25,279 Speaker 1: has need of an ambulance. That's when you use the 732 00:42:25,400 --> 00:42:27,520 Speaker 1: lights and the sirens in order to get to where 733 00:42:27,520 --> 00:42:30,560 Speaker 1: you need to go as quickly as possible while treating 734 00:42:30,600 --> 00:42:33,040 Speaker 1: the patient. In order not to put place more stress 735 00:42:33,040 --> 00:42:35,080 Speaker 1: on the patient and also not to put more stress 736 00:42:35,120 --> 00:42:37,279 Speaker 1: on the driver who needs to make sure they get 737 00:42:37,320 --> 00:42:41,600 Speaker 1: to the hospital safely. They often will not use the 738 00:42:41,760 --> 00:42:46,320 Speaker 1: lights or sirens unless the patient is in a critical 739 00:42:46,400 --> 00:42:49,000 Speaker 1: state where they absolutely need to be able to get 740 00:42:49,040 --> 00:42:52,680 Speaker 1: to health care like a hospital as soon as possible. 741 00:42:52,719 --> 00:42:55,879 Speaker 1: You know that makes sense because I was having a conversation, 742 00:42:56,000 --> 00:42:59,960 Speaker 1: probably not with the same people I was having this conversation. 743 00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:02,560 Speaker 1: Were you in that same group? Was that one of 744 00:43:02,560 --> 00:43:05,320 Speaker 1: those moments where we just refused to acknowledge each other's existence. 745 00:43:05,440 --> 00:43:07,759 Speaker 1: I mean, it happens. It happens. We spent a lot 746 00:43:07,760 --> 00:43:11,200 Speaker 1: of time hanging out their ups and downs. But no, uh, 747 00:43:11,360 --> 00:43:14,520 Speaker 1: this is strange because I had a conversation that dovetailed 748 00:43:14,560 --> 00:43:18,040 Speaker 1: with this, which was one of my friends complaining about 749 00:43:18,440 --> 00:43:22,520 Speaker 1: seeing an ambulance. She maintained that it had its lights 750 00:43:22,560 --> 00:43:25,560 Speaker 1: on just to get through an intersection, and then it's 751 00:43:26,000 --> 00:43:28,680 Speaker 1: turned them off or um. She said she had seen 752 00:43:28,719 --> 00:43:32,239 Speaker 1: police officers do this as well. But I think my 753 00:43:32,360 --> 00:43:36,080 Speaker 1: position in this was that we don't know what's going 754 00:43:36,160 --> 00:43:38,800 Speaker 1: on in the vehicle, we don't know what orders they're receiving. 755 00:43:39,160 --> 00:43:42,880 Speaker 1: So let's try not to be too judgmental if we 756 00:43:42,960 --> 00:43:46,160 Speaker 1: see an ambulance, you know, appear to flick its lights 757 00:43:46,320 --> 00:43:49,120 Speaker 1: erratically or something like that, because you know, they may 758 00:43:49,160 --> 00:43:52,200 Speaker 1: have had their call canceled, somebody else may have picked 759 00:43:52,239 --> 00:43:56,279 Speaker 1: it up. And for Pete's sake, E m t s 760 00:43:56,320 --> 00:43:58,840 Speaker 1: are not paid enough. I don't care what anyone says. 761 00:43:58,960 --> 00:44:02,000 Speaker 1: And and it's quite possible that they have a patient 762 00:44:02,560 --> 00:44:05,719 Speaker 1: in the back because, uh, one of the times they 763 00:44:05,760 --> 00:44:09,160 Speaker 1: can use their lights and sirens, you know, outside of 764 00:44:09,160 --> 00:44:12,880 Speaker 1: of when they're trying to get to a patient, is 765 00:44:12,920 --> 00:44:16,319 Speaker 1: whenever they are going to use any moving privilege. That's 766 00:44:16,320 --> 00:44:18,400 Speaker 1: what you were talking about a second ago. Moving privilege 767 00:44:18,520 --> 00:44:22,640 Speaker 1: is the privilege that emergency vehicles have to go through 768 00:44:22,760 --> 00:44:27,040 Speaker 1: things like stop signs, red lights, um, go go into 769 00:44:27,239 --> 00:44:30,279 Speaker 1: opposing traffic, you know, things that you are really not 770 00:44:30,360 --> 00:44:34,200 Speaker 1: supposed to do. Emergency vehicles can do under special situations, 771 00:44:34,880 --> 00:44:39,000 Speaker 1: and in those situations, that's they are required actually to 772 00:44:39,719 --> 00:44:42,720 Speaker 1: run the lights and siren because they have to alert 773 00:44:43,239 --> 00:44:46,480 Speaker 1: the traffic that normally would be going through that intersection 774 00:44:46,600 --> 00:44:49,600 Speaker 1: or going that opposite way of travel that they are 775 00:44:49,600 --> 00:44:53,239 Speaker 1: coming through. And it's quite possible that you know, it's 776 00:44:53,320 --> 00:44:56,239 Speaker 1: again in order to get a patient to the hospital, 777 00:44:56,560 --> 00:44:59,279 Speaker 1: and it may be that the patients, um, uh, their 778 00:44:59,400 --> 00:45:02,240 Speaker 1: state is such that they need to get there soon. 779 00:45:02,680 --> 00:45:04,720 Speaker 1: They're not so critical that they need to be running 780 00:45:04,760 --> 00:45:06,839 Speaker 1: the siren and lights the entire time, but they need 781 00:45:06,880 --> 00:45:09,280 Speaker 1: to get through this intersection. They can't stop for traffic. 782 00:45:09,520 --> 00:45:11,319 Speaker 1: I have a question for you at the end of 783 00:45:11,320 --> 00:45:14,239 Speaker 1: this regarding regarding this very point, but we'll we'll hold 784 00:45:14,280 --> 00:45:17,200 Speaker 1: it there. UM. I think you already pointed out that 785 00:45:17,239 --> 00:45:20,680 Speaker 1: when New York launched this uh, this motorized ambulance or 786 00:45:20,719 --> 00:45:24,200 Speaker 1: excuse me, not motorized, their first ambulance system, uh, that 787 00:45:24,320 --> 00:45:27,880 Speaker 1: horse drawn cart going at its bustle blistering four miles 788 00:45:27,880 --> 00:45:31,960 Speaker 1: per hour, and they needed some lights to let everybody know. Um. 789 00:45:32,000 --> 00:45:35,840 Speaker 1: There were also not any federal standards for light based 790 00:45:35,840 --> 00:45:38,960 Speaker 1: ambulance alerts for a very long time. So it's all 791 00:45:38,960 --> 00:45:42,600 Speaker 1: of this customization and variation. Um. You know, if you've 792 00:45:42,600 --> 00:45:46,000 Speaker 1: ever heard a siren. You hear that it always has 793 00:45:46,239 --> 00:45:50,040 Speaker 1: at least two tones usually and and it oscillates between 794 00:45:50,080 --> 00:45:52,400 Speaker 1: the two, right. And you know why that is too, 795 00:45:52,480 --> 00:45:58,239 Speaker 1: because the sound there makes it easier to hear. If 796 00:45:58,320 --> 00:46:01,400 Speaker 1: it's coming toward you, it's going to way. Yeah, that 797 00:46:01,480 --> 00:46:03,719 Speaker 1: you've got the Doppler effect. Where it's coming towards you, 798 00:46:03,760 --> 00:46:05,600 Speaker 1: it's a higher pitched and as it's going away it's 799 00:46:05,600 --> 00:46:09,280 Speaker 1: a lower pitch. But either way you identify that as 800 00:46:09,440 --> 00:46:13,560 Speaker 1: the sound of an emergency vehicle, right, yes. And also 801 00:46:14,200 --> 00:46:18,800 Speaker 1: this this variation, though, means that ambulances would have different 802 00:46:18,840 --> 00:46:24,000 Speaker 1: sounds or different colors of light for such a long time, 803 00:46:24,080 --> 00:46:27,400 Speaker 1: such a long time in fact, and this irritates the 804 00:46:27,400 --> 00:46:30,520 Speaker 1: heck out of me. That it is still a patchwork, 805 00:46:30,600 --> 00:46:33,680 Speaker 1: at least in the United States, state by state right. 806 00:46:33,920 --> 00:46:37,120 Speaker 1: For instance, in Minnesota, you can only use blue lights 807 00:46:37,120 --> 00:46:40,319 Speaker 1: on a vehicle if it's a snowplow or road maintenance 808 00:46:40,480 --> 00:46:45,880 Speaker 1: UH set up. But in Illinois all the medical or 809 00:46:45,920 --> 00:46:50,200 Speaker 1: fire emergency vehicles have to use blue UH. So these 810 00:46:50,239 --> 00:46:52,919 Speaker 1: things go state by state, and the rules for one 811 00:46:52,960 --> 00:46:56,279 Speaker 1: ambulance may not apply in the next state over. So 812 00:46:56,480 --> 00:46:59,040 Speaker 1: if I see flashing lights as I go state by state, 813 00:46:59,120 --> 00:47:03,080 Speaker 1: I won't ness necessarily be able to say with any authority, Oh, 814 00:47:03,160 --> 00:47:07,279 Speaker 1: that's got to be a blank, because the regulations in 815 00:47:07,280 --> 00:47:10,200 Speaker 1: that state could be different, where the light color could 816 00:47:10,280 --> 00:47:13,440 Speaker 1: mean a completely And it's a snowplow, which I would 817 00:47:13,440 --> 00:47:17,680 Speaker 1: already be confused because we don't have those here in Atlanta. 818 00:47:17,840 --> 00:47:19,799 Speaker 1: So on we have three, Yeah, we do have three? 819 00:47:20,760 --> 00:47:22,719 Speaker 1: Three do we buy a new one yet? I think 820 00:47:22,760 --> 00:47:25,160 Speaker 1: we really just have to. I think we really do 821 00:47:25,239 --> 00:47:29,120 Speaker 1: only have to. But we have several several salt trucks though. 822 00:47:29,280 --> 00:47:32,480 Speaker 1: Oh good bully for us. So part of the reason 823 00:47:32,640 --> 00:47:35,520 Speaker 1: you guys are probably asking yourselves, Jonathan ben if it's 824 00:47:35,560 --> 00:47:40,040 Speaker 1: been so long, why isn't there a better uniform rule 825 00:47:40,120 --> 00:47:43,760 Speaker 1: for ambulances. Well, part of the problem is, Uh, there's 826 00:47:44,280 --> 00:47:47,400 Speaker 1: there's a scientific debate going on. People are trying to 827 00:47:47,480 --> 00:47:50,480 Speaker 1: figure out how to hit the balance of the right color, 828 00:47:50,640 --> 00:47:54,399 Speaker 1: sound and frequency of siren, uh, such that they can 829 00:47:54,440 --> 00:47:59,560 Speaker 1: alert drivers without distracting them and causing more accidents. Right. Yeah, 830 00:47:59,719 --> 00:48:02,440 Speaker 1: One thing you don't want to do when you are 831 00:48:02,520 --> 00:48:10,680 Speaker 1: designing your emergency medical response strategy is to create more emergencies. Right, 832 00:48:10,719 --> 00:48:13,640 Speaker 1: to have some kind of clason that just makes people's 833 00:48:13,640 --> 00:48:17,360 Speaker 1: teeth vibrate and feel. If the jelly in your eyes 834 00:48:17,600 --> 00:48:22,680 Speaker 1: starts to solidify, then that's clearly not what you wanted 835 00:48:22,840 --> 00:48:28,080 Speaker 1: in your emergency response vehicle. And so until there's more, uh, 836 00:48:28,239 --> 00:48:32,760 Speaker 1: until there's a larger body of research behind this, people 837 00:48:32,800 --> 00:48:36,520 Speaker 1: are very very hesitant to try to translate good intentions 838 00:48:36,520 --> 00:48:39,799 Speaker 1: into policy. Um. And you know there are researchers who 839 00:48:39,800 --> 00:48:42,840 Speaker 1: are working at this, like Michael Flanagan at the University 840 00:48:42,880 --> 00:48:47,600 Speaker 1: of Michigan but are at their Transportation Research Institute. Excuse me, 841 00:48:48,040 --> 00:48:52,520 Speaker 1: Dr Flanagan, And uh, what we're hoping for is that 842 00:48:52,800 --> 00:48:56,279 Speaker 1: and some point, the sooner the better, there will be 843 00:48:56,360 --> 00:48:58,800 Speaker 1: some kind of uniform code. But also at this point 844 00:48:59,080 --> 00:49:02,560 Speaker 1: kind of roped into it because so many states and 845 00:49:02,680 --> 00:49:08,200 Speaker 1: so many private and publicly owned ambulance companies have already 846 00:49:08,360 --> 00:49:11,040 Speaker 1: vested so much money and they have a they have 847 00:49:11,040 --> 00:49:13,520 Speaker 1: a fleet of vehicles that are already designed as you 848 00:49:13,560 --> 00:49:16,640 Speaker 1: would have to retrofit all these vehicles, not that that 849 00:49:16,680 --> 00:49:21,000 Speaker 1: wouldn't be a worthwhile endeavor, but that costs money. And 850 00:49:21,120 --> 00:49:23,439 Speaker 1: you know that when you get down to it. When 851 00:49:23,440 --> 00:49:28,200 Speaker 1: we talk about businesses that provide ambulance service, it's a business. 852 00:49:28,560 --> 00:49:31,120 Speaker 1: We'll get into that in a little bit. So let's 853 00:49:31,120 --> 00:49:34,279 Speaker 1: talk a little bit about what happens when someone does 854 00:49:34,360 --> 00:49:37,239 Speaker 1: call for an ambulance, Like what's the process. And we're 855 00:49:37,239 --> 00:49:39,760 Speaker 1: gonna go through the whole nine one one route because 856 00:49:39,760 --> 00:49:42,799 Speaker 1: that's a very very common one here. Um if it's 857 00:49:42,880 --> 00:49:47,720 Speaker 1: if you're in the UK, it's O one one, remember 858 00:49:47,719 --> 00:49:51,440 Speaker 1: that episode the I T crowd. Um, but nine one one, 859 00:49:51,520 --> 00:49:53,200 Speaker 1: So if you were to dial nine one one or 860 00:49:53,239 --> 00:49:56,040 Speaker 1: I believe in the UK, the way it works is 861 00:49:56,400 --> 00:50:01,799 Speaker 1: operators will dispatch an ambulance according to zone. So wherever 862 00:50:01,960 --> 00:50:06,360 Speaker 1: you are, you know you've called in the ambulance. Uh, 863 00:50:06,400 --> 00:50:08,200 Speaker 1: they will look at the zone that you are in. 864 00:50:08,440 --> 00:50:11,239 Speaker 1: It will correspond to whatever you know address you gave, 865 00:50:11,800 --> 00:50:14,719 Speaker 1: and then they will look at the ambulances that are 866 00:50:14,760 --> 00:50:17,600 Speaker 1: available in that zone. There there are companies that are 867 00:50:17,640 --> 00:50:23,000 Speaker 1: responsible for specific zones within a region. Yeah, yeah, so 868 00:50:23,040 --> 00:50:26,600 Speaker 1: you've got an ambulance team that is employed at least 869 00:50:26,680 --> 00:50:30,320 Speaker 1: in part by some company. Uh. The the company runs 870 00:50:30,360 --> 00:50:34,759 Speaker 1: the ambulance fleet and they are responsible for a given 871 00:50:34,880 --> 00:50:38,759 Speaker 1: area within a region, and they get that called. Then 872 00:50:38,760 --> 00:50:42,120 Speaker 1: the ambulance team itself typically includes in the United States 873 00:50:42,160 --> 00:50:46,239 Speaker 1: at least one paramedic and one emergency medical technician or 874 00:50:46,280 --> 00:50:49,520 Speaker 1: e m T. Now I say this, but keep in 875 00:50:49,560 --> 00:50:53,080 Speaker 1: mind that these terms aren't universal, that it's not like 876 00:50:53,120 --> 00:50:55,719 Speaker 1: there's a definition of what one is, and and that 877 00:50:55,960 --> 00:50:59,520 Speaker 1: applies across the entire world. In the United States, there's 878 00:50:59,520 --> 00:51:02,720 Speaker 1: actually two different levels of e m T. There's basic 879 00:51:02,760 --> 00:51:06,080 Speaker 1: and intermediate, and then you have paramedic. Uh And you 880 00:51:06,200 --> 00:51:08,600 Speaker 1: might be confused. You might wonder what's the difference between 881 00:51:08,640 --> 00:51:12,040 Speaker 1: the two. I I certainly was. I'm not well versed 882 00:51:12,080 --> 00:51:15,480 Speaker 1: in this, so I aim, yeah, so I'm emergency medical 883 00:51:15,520 --> 00:51:18,920 Speaker 1: technician paramedic. You might not even know just on hearing 884 00:51:18,920 --> 00:51:21,200 Speaker 1: those two, if you aren't in the medical field, you 885 00:51:21,280 --> 00:51:24,040 Speaker 1: might not know which of those two is allowed to 886 00:51:24,120 --> 00:51:29,120 Speaker 1: do more extensive medical procedures. Uh. So the answer to 887 00:51:29,160 --> 00:51:32,160 Speaker 1: that is the paramedics. Paramedics have to complete between twelve 888 00:51:32,239 --> 00:51:36,319 Speaker 1: hundred and eighteen hundred hours of training compared to e 889 00:51:36,440 --> 00:51:42,120 Speaker 1: m T s who have to do around a HU. Yeah. Well, 890 00:51:42,320 --> 00:51:45,560 Speaker 1: and it's because again the nature of the work that 891 00:51:45,640 --> 00:51:49,000 Speaker 1: each person can do on a patient. But you I 892 00:51:49,040 --> 00:51:52,680 Speaker 1: need to stress both of these both of these types 893 00:51:52,719 --> 00:51:58,200 Speaker 1: of careers require attendance to lectures, hands on training, I mean, 894 00:51:58,560 --> 00:52:01,640 Speaker 1: I don't. I do not wish at all to disparage 895 00:52:01,680 --> 00:52:04,040 Speaker 1: e m T s because they do amazing work and 896 00:52:04,560 --> 00:52:06,160 Speaker 1: they have to go through a lot of training in 897 00:52:06,239 --> 00:52:08,719 Speaker 1: order to do it. So in fact, e m T 898 00:52:08,840 --> 00:52:11,000 Speaker 1: s have to have to be able to demonstrate life 899 00:52:11,000 --> 00:52:16,879 Speaker 1: saving skills including CPR, administering oxygen, administering glucose for diabetics. Uh. 900 00:52:16,920 --> 00:52:19,880 Speaker 1: They are not, though in general, at least allowed to 901 00:52:19,920 --> 00:52:23,640 Speaker 1: provide treatments that break the skin, so no needles are allowed, 902 00:52:23,719 --> 00:52:27,560 Speaker 1: with a couple of exceptions, things like severe asthma attacks 903 00:52:27,680 --> 00:52:32,000 Speaker 1: or an allergic reaction. Those can be allowed. Because I 904 00:52:32,160 --> 00:52:36,759 Speaker 1: have severe allergies, it gets to a point where I 905 00:52:36,840 --> 00:52:39,799 Speaker 1: cannot swallow a pill, right, so I have to have 906 00:52:39,840 --> 00:52:43,200 Speaker 1: an injection. I am personally thankful that that is an 907 00:52:43,200 --> 00:52:45,960 Speaker 1: exception to that rule. So what do paramedics do then, 908 00:52:46,080 --> 00:52:49,640 Speaker 1: So they're advanced emergency medical care providers. They build on 909 00:52:49,680 --> 00:52:52,520 Speaker 1: those e m T skills with even more skills and 910 00:52:52,560 --> 00:52:55,440 Speaker 1: more tasks that they can do, such as administering medicine 911 00:52:55,800 --> 00:52:57,680 Speaker 1: or starting an I V line in the back of 912 00:52:57,719 --> 00:53:01,000 Speaker 1: an ambulance. So they're allowed to use need tosh. They 913 00:53:01,000 --> 00:53:04,200 Speaker 1: are trained in that they're allowed to administer medication to 914 00:53:04,280 --> 00:53:07,000 Speaker 1: a patient. Usually the medications we'll talk about all the 915 00:53:07,040 --> 00:53:08,839 Speaker 1: equipment on there, but I might as well mention it here. 916 00:53:09,239 --> 00:53:12,719 Speaker 1: Medications that are usually included in an ambulance are the 917 00:53:12,760 --> 00:53:16,280 Speaker 1: ones needed for those emergency responses. It's the most common 918 00:53:16,320 --> 00:53:18,359 Speaker 1: type of medications that are needed for that sort of thing. 919 00:53:18,680 --> 00:53:22,680 Speaker 1: Epinephrin would be a big one, for example. Um but uh, 920 00:53:22,719 --> 00:53:25,040 Speaker 1: and you know you have to be really careful obviously, 921 00:53:25,080 --> 00:53:29,560 Speaker 1: because sometimes those medications include things like narcotics. So uh. 922 00:53:29,680 --> 00:53:36,120 Speaker 1: Ambulance teams are are responsible for the inventory inside their vehicles, 923 00:53:36,600 --> 00:53:39,080 Speaker 1: which means that if you find out that you have 924 00:53:39,120 --> 00:53:42,880 Speaker 1: a shortage of narcotics in your vehicle, you have some 925 00:53:43,320 --> 00:53:45,759 Speaker 1: serious explaining to do. I mean, they have a huge 926 00:53:45,800 --> 00:53:50,320 Speaker 1: amount of accountability in that department, absolutely understandably. So how 927 00:53:50,360 --> 00:53:53,000 Speaker 1: speaking of accountability, how long does it take them to 928 00:53:53,080 --> 00:53:56,000 Speaker 1: respond to a call? Okay, well, that's that's a great question. Again, 929 00:53:56,000 --> 00:53:58,279 Speaker 1: it varies region by region. I thought I would pick 930 00:53:58,360 --> 00:54:02,400 Speaker 1: one of the most famed slee congested areas in the 931 00:54:02,520 --> 00:54:07,000 Speaker 1: United States, the city known for the worst traffic in 932 00:54:07,040 --> 00:54:11,839 Speaker 1: the US, Los Angeles. Los Angeles, I believe takes number one, 933 00:54:11,920 --> 00:54:14,960 Speaker 1: if if not it's at least culturally referred to as 934 00:54:15,000 --> 00:54:17,680 Speaker 1: the worst traffic in the US. Atlanta is pretty bad, 935 00:54:17,800 --> 00:54:20,960 Speaker 1: but l A is worse. Uh So Los Angeles. An 936 00:54:21,000 --> 00:54:23,080 Speaker 1: ambulance is supposed to be able to get to a 937 00:54:23,120 --> 00:54:26,880 Speaker 1: patient within eight minutes fifty nine seconds of receiving the 938 00:54:27,200 --> 00:54:30,279 Speaker 1: call from the nine one one dispatcher. So just a 939 00:54:30,360 --> 00:54:33,200 Speaker 1: hair under nine minutes, that's how long they have to 940 00:54:33,239 --> 00:54:37,520 Speaker 1: get to the the person. Yeah, it's it's pretty pretty fast, 941 00:54:37,920 --> 00:54:41,279 Speaker 1: considering again that this is a major, sprawling city. Now 942 00:54:41,320 --> 00:54:43,680 Speaker 1: granted again, that's why they divide them up into zones, right, 943 00:54:43,760 --> 00:54:46,759 Speaker 1: because if you just had the entire city as the 944 00:54:46,760 --> 00:54:50,480 Speaker 1: place where you worked, then you might take an hour 945 00:54:50,640 --> 00:54:54,080 Speaker 1: to get to somebody, and that's not acceptable, and they 946 00:54:54,239 --> 00:54:57,799 Speaker 1: may not always be going to the closest hospital, right. Yeah. 947 00:54:57,840 --> 00:55:01,520 Speaker 1: If you've ever seen an ambulance that has its sirens on, 948 00:55:01,719 --> 00:55:04,080 Speaker 1: its lights on, or maybe maybe it doesn't, but you 949 00:55:04,160 --> 00:55:06,759 Speaker 1: just see them driving with purpose, like it's clear they're 950 00:55:06,880 --> 00:55:10,840 Speaker 1: they're making their way someplace, and they're driving past a hospital. 951 00:55:11,600 --> 00:55:13,799 Speaker 1: You might ask yourself, well, why aren't they going into 952 00:55:13,840 --> 00:55:17,280 Speaker 1: that hospital? And it's because the team has to weigh 953 00:55:17,840 --> 00:55:22,160 Speaker 1: the patients. Uh The nature of the patient's problem with 954 00:55:22,560 --> 00:55:25,640 Speaker 1: the various locations that are nearby, so they may not 955 00:55:25,719 --> 00:55:28,239 Speaker 1: go to the closest hospital if that hospital is not 956 00:55:28,360 --> 00:55:32,359 Speaker 1: well equipped to handle certain kinds of medical emergencies. So, 957 00:55:32,440 --> 00:55:34,880 Speaker 1: for example, if there's a hospital that has a really 958 00:55:34,920 --> 00:55:40,720 Speaker 1: good cardiac arrest response team and it's a little further 959 00:55:40,800 --> 00:55:43,600 Speaker 1: away than the hospital it's closer in but doesn't really 960 00:55:43,640 --> 00:55:48,160 Speaker 1: have that that equipment, yeah, then the ambulance can go 961 00:55:48,320 --> 00:55:51,240 Speaker 1: to that other hospital. By the way, you can ask 962 00:55:51,680 --> 00:55:54,480 Speaker 1: the ambulance drivers to take you to a specific hospital 963 00:55:55,000 --> 00:55:57,239 Speaker 1: if you want to. You can say I want to 964 00:55:57,280 --> 00:56:00,760 Speaker 1: go to this particular hospital. You can do that. However, 965 00:56:01,040 --> 00:56:04,360 Speaker 1: that ambulance team may or may not fulfill your request. 966 00:56:04,400 --> 00:56:07,759 Speaker 1: It will depend on how far away that hospital is. 967 00:56:07,800 --> 00:56:11,000 Speaker 1: That if that hospital is way outside the ambulance team's zone, 968 00:56:11,640 --> 00:56:13,360 Speaker 1: then they say, listen, we're gonna have to take you 969 00:56:13,400 --> 00:56:16,400 Speaker 1: to this other place. It's closer. They are well equipped 970 00:56:16,400 --> 00:56:19,880 Speaker 1: to deal with your your emergency, and uh, and we 971 00:56:20,000 --> 00:56:23,239 Speaker 1: just we can't go that far to take you to 972 00:56:23,320 --> 00:56:25,640 Speaker 1: this other place, right, And a lot of our more 973 00:56:25,760 --> 00:56:28,880 Speaker 1: cynical listeners might be saying, well, yeah, of course you're 974 00:56:28,920 --> 00:56:31,440 Speaker 1: gonna take in the farthest hospital away, so he can 975 00:56:31,520 --> 00:56:34,160 Speaker 1: rack up the bill. But that's not that's not however, 976 00:56:34,400 --> 00:56:37,440 Speaker 1: they don't run a meter. They're not. It's not an 977 00:56:37,520 --> 00:56:42,520 Speaker 1: uber or yeah so, but but your trips can cost 978 00:56:42,560 --> 00:56:45,359 Speaker 1: a pretty penny. I mean like they can rape. They 979 00:56:45,360 --> 00:56:48,400 Speaker 1: can go up way above a thousand dollars for a 980 00:56:48,440 --> 00:56:55,000 Speaker 1: single trip, four hundreds not unusual. Now, Typically insurance will 981 00:56:55,080 --> 00:56:58,040 Speaker 1: end up paying for ambulance services, depending as long as 982 00:56:58,120 --> 00:57:02,960 Speaker 1: the the the it is uh determined that it was merited. Right, 983 00:57:03,040 --> 00:57:06,520 Speaker 1: if you stub your toe and you call an ambulance 984 00:57:07,080 --> 00:57:10,120 Speaker 1: and you ride in the ambulance and they say, yeah, 985 00:57:10,120 --> 00:57:12,160 Speaker 1: you stubbed your toe, you know in a day, it's 986 00:57:12,160 --> 00:57:15,080 Speaker 1: gonna feel better. You can bet that insurance is not 987 00:57:15,120 --> 00:57:18,160 Speaker 1: going to cover that particular expense, right because it wasn't 988 00:57:18,240 --> 00:57:20,840 Speaker 1: life threatening. Here's okay, here's the thing. Let's do this 989 00:57:20,920 --> 00:57:24,840 Speaker 1: instead of a stubb stub toe situation, Let's go hypothetical. Alright, 990 00:57:24,920 --> 00:57:27,680 Speaker 1: don't don't really, I will really hit you. So, Jonathan, 991 00:57:27,760 --> 00:57:31,800 Speaker 1: here's what happened. You were at work and uh, someone 992 00:57:32,320 --> 00:57:34,760 Speaker 1: I won't name a coword or Josh Clark. Okay, so 993 00:57:34,840 --> 00:57:38,840 Speaker 1: Josh had convinced become convinced that our office was haunted, 994 00:57:38,880 --> 00:57:41,880 Speaker 1: and he invited a ghost hunter. This is like last week, 995 00:57:42,480 --> 00:57:46,520 Speaker 1: and after you got so irritated because the ghost hunter 996 00:57:46,600 --> 00:57:48,920 Speaker 1: is actually in our office and the fact that the 997 00:57:48,920 --> 00:57:51,840 Speaker 1: ghost hunter one exists and two is in my friend 998 00:57:52,000 --> 00:57:58,520 Speaker 1: field of vision, right, and so you get so infuriated 999 00:57:59,560 --> 00:58:03,600 Speaker 1: that you uh that you kick like a baseboard. Alright, 1000 00:58:03,640 --> 00:58:06,240 Speaker 1: and so you've got a broken foot, but it's like 1001 00:58:06,320 --> 00:58:09,439 Speaker 1: seriously broken. They haul you call nine one one. Let's 1002 00:58:09,440 --> 00:58:12,440 Speaker 1: say they're in there. In like five minutes. We're rushing 1003 00:58:12,480 --> 00:58:16,440 Speaker 1: you downstairs. You're still cursing at the ghost hunter, and 1004 00:58:16,800 --> 00:58:19,160 Speaker 1: they hop you onto the ambulance. What do you see 1005 00:58:19,160 --> 00:58:22,560 Speaker 1: when you get inside? What's the gear? Okay? I like that? 1006 00:58:22,560 --> 00:58:27,680 Speaker 1: That was the like that's awesome. Okay, Well I'm glad 1007 00:58:27,680 --> 00:58:31,040 Speaker 1: you asked ben. Alright, So your typical ambulance has a 1008 00:58:31,080 --> 00:58:33,840 Speaker 1: gurney in it. That's the that's the cot that's usually 1009 00:58:33,840 --> 00:58:36,240 Speaker 1: on wheels that they with the legs that extend out. 1010 00:58:36,280 --> 00:58:38,160 Speaker 1: So when you pull the gurney out from the back 1011 00:58:38,160 --> 00:58:41,120 Speaker 1: of the ambulance, the legs extend. You can then wheel 1012 00:58:41,200 --> 00:58:43,720 Speaker 1: the guurney to the patient, put the patient on, and 1013 00:58:43,760 --> 00:58:45,680 Speaker 1: then when you wheel it back in. They'll you can 1014 00:58:45,760 --> 00:58:48,720 Speaker 1: let the legs contract and push the gurney back into 1015 00:58:48,800 --> 00:58:52,120 Speaker 1: it's lays flat or flat ish against the floor of 1016 00:58:52,160 --> 00:58:56,760 Speaker 1: the ambulance compartment. Yeah, that's great. The paramedic will get 1017 00:58:56,760 --> 00:58:59,960 Speaker 1: in the back of the ambulance with you. Uh. There 1018 00:59:00,160 --> 00:59:02,600 Speaker 1: is actually a bench usually in most of these van 1019 00:59:02,720 --> 00:59:07,400 Speaker 1: ambulances where typically uh they're used if you ever have 1020 00:59:07,440 --> 00:59:10,360 Speaker 1: to transport to people at the same time, although most 1021 00:59:10,400 --> 00:59:13,880 Speaker 1: ambulance crews will do their best to avoid that because 1022 00:59:14,040 --> 00:59:17,000 Speaker 1: it divides the attention of the medical personnel really and 1023 00:59:17,040 --> 00:59:19,840 Speaker 1: they can't guarantee that each person is going to get 1024 00:59:19,840 --> 00:59:23,200 Speaker 1: the best response. So normally you want to send as 1025 00:59:23,240 --> 00:59:26,520 Speaker 1: many ambulances as you have people who who need them, 1026 00:59:26,520 --> 00:59:29,640 Speaker 1: which is why you'll see multiple ambulances on a scene. Yeah. Now, 1027 00:59:29,640 --> 00:59:33,240 Speaker 1: occasionally that you know, what is ideal and what is 1028 00:59:33,320 --> 00:59:36,200 Speaker 1: real don't match up, and you have to transport to 1029 00:59:36,360 --> 00:59:38,560 Speaker 1: people at the same time, and that's why there's a 1030 00:59:38,600 --> 00:59:41,400 Speaker 1: bench in there as well. Uh. You will also start 1031 00:59:41,440 --> 00:59:44,200 Speaker 1: seeing lots of equipment, some of it you might not 1032 00:59:44,200 --> 00:59:46,880 Speaker 1: see because it's stowed away. Ambulances are kind of like 1033 00:59:47,160 --> 00:59:49,720 Speaker 1: I think of it like the International Space Station, right, 1034 00:59:49,880 --> 00:59:53,280 Speaker 1: you have. You have very limited space, and you want 1035 00:59:53,320 --> 00:59:56,600 Speaker 1: to carry as much life saving equipment as you possibly can, 1036 00:59:56,680 --> 01:00:00,880 Speaker 1: stuff that you might need in any given a cool emergency. 1037 01:00:00,880 --> 01:00:04,400 Speaker 1: And there are tons of different medical emergencies, so you've 1038 01:00:04,400 --> 01:00:07,040 Speaker 1: got a lot of different potential stuff to carry with you. 1039 01:00:07,280 --> 01:00:09,320 Speaker 1: It's kind of like playing Dungeons and Dragons. You're like, 1040 01:00:09,400 --> 01:00:13,520 Speaker 1: I want to have every possible thing that my character 1041 01:00:13,600 --> 01:00:17,040 Speaker 1: might need on any given adventure, and then you're told yes, 1042 01:00:17,080 --> 01:00:20,040 Speaker 1: but you have to worry about weight and incumbrance, and 1043 01:00:20,080 --> 01:00:23,040 Speaker 1: you think, why can I just have a magical bag 1044 01:00:23,040 --> 01:00:27,040 Speaker 1: of holding thing that makes everything. Ambulances don't have a 1045 01:00:27,040 --> 01:00:28,680 Speaker 1: bag of holding, so you have to put all that 1046 01:00:28,720 --> 01:00:32,880 Speaker 1: stuff someplace. So pretty much every square inch of that 1047 01:00:32,960 --> 01:00:37,880 Speaker 1: interior is holding some equipment or or equipment is hanging 1048 01:00:37,880 --> 01:00:39,920 Speaker 1: off of a hook. It all depends on what we're 1049 01:00:39,920 --> 01:00:43,960 Speaker 1: talking about, but that equipment is pretty much what you 1050 01:00:43,960 --> 01:00:47,000 Speaker 1: would find in a standard emergency room, with a couple 1051 01:00:47,040 --> 01:00:52,600 Speaker 1: of exceptions. There's no X ray machine doesn't really fit, 1052 01:00:52,760 --> 01:00:58,160 Speaker 1: you know, making everyone put on lead driving down um. 1053 01:00:58,200 --> 01:01:00,960 Speaker 1: There's also no lab, so they can't run any tests 1054 01:01:01,040 --> 01:01:04,520 Speaker 1: or anything. They can just respond to two things that 1055 01:01:04,560 --> 01:01:08,240 Speaker 1: are are apparent Okay, Yeah, so then that would be 1056 01:01:08,360 --> 01:01:11,800 Speaker 1: stuff that will that will just give you a quick, 1057 01:01:12,360 --> 01:01:14,640 Speaker 1: quick look at what you need to do immediately to 1058 01:01:14,680 --> 01:01:17,360 Speaker 1: the patient. Yeah. So it's again you're trying to stabilize 1059 01:01:17,400 --> 01:01:19,440 Speaker 1: the patient as much as possible so that you can 1060 01:01:19,480 --> 01:01:23,040 Speaker 1: get the patient to hospital care where a more detailed 1061 01:01:23,040 --> 01:01:25,160 Speaker 1: analysis can take place. So if we're talking in the 1062 01:01:25,160 --> 01:01:28,360 Speaker 1: case of illness as opposed to a broken foot, then 1063 01:01:28,800 --> 01:01:31,360 Speaker 1: that would mean they would treat any symptoms that were 1064 01:01:31,400 --> 01:01:35,160 Speaker 1: life threatening, but otherwise not really mess with the patient 1065 01:01:35,240 --> 01:01:39,280 Speaker 1: too much because they can't they can't determine exactly what's wrong, right, 1066 01:01:39,320 --> 01:01:42,000 Speaker 1: and it's kind of pointless at this stage in technology 1067 01:01:42,080 --> 01:01:45,200 Speaker 1: to have a lab on a on a vehicle like this, 1068 01:01:45,280 --> 01:01:48,200 Speaker 1: because labs wouldn't work quickly enough. No, you you would 1069 01:01:48,240 --> 01:01:50,600 Speaker 1: get to the hospital faster than you would receive any 1070 01:01:50,800 --> 01:01:53,440 Speaker 1: unless you're just like tooling around town, which seems like 1071 01:01:53,680 --> 01:01:56,880 Speaker 1: a pretty you know, inappropriate use of resources to me. 1072 01:01:57,440 --> 01:01:59,840 Speaker 1: But they do have other stuff. They do have diagnostic 1073 01:01:59,880 --> 01:02:02,920 Speaker 1: of equipment like blood pressure cuffs, you know, things that 1074 01:02:03,240 --> 01:02:06,920 Speaker 1: being able to take a patient's vitals quickly are that's important, 1075 01:02:07,200 --> 01:02:09,600 Speaker 1: So stethoscope, that sort of stuff. They also have monitoring 1076 01:02:09,600 --> 01:02:12,400 Speaker 1: equipment like a cardiac monitor to track a patient's heartbeat, 1077 01:02:13,000 --> 01:02:16,360 Speaker 1: clearly important, especially if the patient has um suffered a 1078 01:02:16,400 --> 01:02:19,480 Speaker 1: heart attack, cardiac arrest or something like that. Uh. They 1079 01:02:19,480 --> 01:02:21,760 Speaker 1: have response equipment, so this is the stuff that they 1080 01:02:21,840 --> 01:02:25,960 Speaker 1: use to respond to emergency situations. So if you were 1081 01:02:26,000 --> 01:02:28,040 Speaker 1: to go into cardiac arrest, they have a defibri later 1082 01:02:28,320 --> 01:02:30,640 Speaker 1: so they can do the whole clear and you know, 1083 01:02:30,720 --> 01:02:33,480 Speaker 1: you've seen it a billion times in movies to try 1084 01:02:33,640 --> 01:02:37,720 Speaker 1: and zap your heart back into into action. They also 1085 01:02:37,720 --> 01:02:40,960 Speaker 1: have bandages and gauds for treating wounds. UH. They have 1086 01:02:41,200 --> 01:02:44,040 Speaker 1: you know, like the stretcher board, the solid stretcher board 1087 01:02:44,040 --> 01:02:45,880 Speaker 1: you pribce see these these are those are meant to 1088 01:02:45,960 --> 01:02:49,200 Speaker 1: immobilize a patient. So if a patient has suffered like 1089 01:02:49,240 --> 01:02:52,720 Speaker 1: a back injury or a broken limb that needs to 1090 01:02:52,760 --> 01:02:55,919 Speaker 1: be immobilized, they can use that. They also have splints, 1091 01:02:55,960 --> 01:02:59,200 Speaker 1: including inflatable splints a lot of times where because they 1092 01:02:59,360 --> 01:03:01,960 Speaker 1: don't take up a space when they're not inflated, right, 1093 01:03:02,000 --> 01:03:03,920 Speaker 1: So then you put them around the wound, you you 1094 01:03:04,000 --> 01:03:09,520 Speaker 1: inflate them and they they they stabilize the limb so 1095 01:03:09,520 --> 01:03:13,480 Speaker 1: that you're not able to uh further injury yourself. Um, 1096 01:03:13,520 --> 01:03:17,600 Speaker 1: that includes neck injuries, lem injuries, that kind of thing. Uh. 1097 01:03:18,280 --> 01:03:22,240 Speaker 1: And then they also have airway equipment specifically to help 1098 01:03:22,320 --> 01:03:25,680 Speaker 1: patients who are having trouble breathing, or perhaps are are 1099 01:03:25,760 --> 01:03:30,360 Speaker 1: simply having respiratory distress, like someone who maybe was in 1100 01:03:30,400 --> 01:03:33,520 Speaker 1: a building that caught fire. They didn't suffer any burns, 1101 01:03:33,520 --> 01:03:36,120 Speaker 1: but they may have suffered smoke inhalation. You know, this 1102 01:03:36,160 --> 01:03:38,880 Speaker 1: would be something used for them. So these are usually 1103 01:03:38,880 --> 01:03:42,160 Speaker 1: tools that either help a patient breathe or will breathe 1104 01:03:42,240 --> 01:03:46,320 Speaker 1: for a patient. UH. Includes oxygen tanks, so those will 1105 01:03:46,360 --> 01:03:49,080 Speaker 1: be in the back of an ambulance as well. Probably 1106 01:03:49,080 --> 01:03:52,640 Speaker 1: won't be needed for my broken foot. I think if 1107 01:03:52,680 --> 01:03:56,040 Speaker 1: they were to they were to administer oxygen, things have 1108 01:03:56,120 --> 01:03:58,560 Speaker 1: gone well beyond the broken foot problem. You probably also 1109 01:03:58,600 --> 01:04:02,480 Speaker 1: won't need this next thing, not the OBI kuit. No, No, 1110 01:04:02,840 --> 01:04:06,400 Speaker 1: unless my broken foot has broken the rules of of 1111 01:04:06,720 --> 01:04:11,400 Speaker 1: God and man where suddenly I've become incredibly pregnant. No. 1112 01:04:11,520 --> 01:04:16,280 Speaker 1: The OBI kit is for for ambulance teams that have 1113 01:04:16,400 --> 01:04:19,760 Speaker 1: to do an emergency delivery. And by emergency delivery, I'm 1114 01:04:19,760 --> 01:04:23,960 Speaker 1: talking about a person. So so let's say that an ambulance, 1115 01:04:23,960 --> 01:04:27,080 Speaker 1: you know, an expectant mother calls an ambulance because her 1116 01:04:27,840 --> 01:04:29,600 Speaker 1: she has no one to take her to the hospital, 1117 01:04:29,680 --> 01:04:33,400 Speaker 1: she can't take herself born early or there's some kind 1118 01:04:33,400 --> 01:04:38,040 Speaker 1: of weird pain. Yeah, she's she's going into labor unexpectedly, whatever, 1119 01:04:38,200 --> 01:04:43,760 Speaker 1: whatever the reason. Ambulance cruise carry ob kits, and that 1120 01:04:43,920 --> 01:04:47,200 Speaker 1: contains all the supplies that an ambulance uh like a 1121 01:04:47,200 --> 01:04:49,640 Speaker 1: paramedic would need in order to deliver a baby on 1122 01:04:49,680 --> 01:04:51,560 Speaker 1: the move if the baby has decided that the baby 1123 01:04:51,640 --> 01:04:55,080 Speaker 1: is not gonna wait, and so it involves things like 1124 01:04:55,160 --> 01:05:00,760 Speaker 1: latex gloves, gauze, umbilical clamps, scalpel uh how polls, like 1125 01:05:00,800 --> 01:05:02,640 Speaker 1: all the sort of stuff is in your typical obi 1126 01:05:02,680 --> 01:05:05,320 Speaker 1: quit actually looked this up online. I was looking at 1127 01:05:05,320 --> 01:05:09,560 Speaker 1: a company that sells the equipment to ambulances, and I 1128 01:05:09,960 --> 01:05:13,560 Speaker 1: looked I was like, huh, obi kit inquired, like I'm 1129 01:05:13,600 --> 01:05:15,560 Speaker 1: curious to find out what's in this. That's how I know, 1130 01:05:16,320 --> 01:05:19,040 Speaker 1: because this is in a world that is far removed 1131 01:05:19,040 --> 01:05:21,320 Speaker 1: for me. The eagle scout me wants to buy one 1132 01:05:21,320 --> 01:05:23,360 Speaker 1: and just have it in my car, But I know 1133 01:05:23,480 --> 01:05:26,480 Speaker 1: I will totally just lose my marbles if I'm ever 1134 01:05:26,480 --> 01:05:28,680 Speaker 1: in that situation, which I would just I would give 1135 01:05:28,720 --> 01:05:30,600 Speaker 1: you three days before you get so bored that you 1136 01:05:30,640 --> 01:05:35,720 Speaker 1: start using the umbilical clamps for something incredibly inappropriate attentions. Yeah, 1137 01:05:36,160 --> 01:05:39,080 Speaker 1: but you mentioned medication too, yep. So that includes things 1138 01:05:39,120 --> 01:05:43,760 Speaker 1: like any histamines and friend uh, anything that could be 1139 01:05:43,920 --> 01:05:48,160 Speaker 1: used for treating life threatening injuries or illnesses. That sort 1140 01:05:48,160 --> 01:05:50,240 Speaker 1: of stuff is going to be there. There's you know, 1141 01:05:50,280 --> 01:05:53,280 Speaker 1: most of these medications are given intravenously. That's why you 1142 01:05:53,280 --> 01:05:56,000 Speaker 1: need a paramedic. Um, so you're using an i V. 1143 01:05:56,840 --> 01:05:59,000 Speaker 1: So there's also i V equipment and needles and things 1144 01:05:59,080 --> 01:06:01,400 Speaker 1: like that on or an ambulance, so they be the 1145 01:06:01,480 --> 01:06:07,240 Speaker 1: E M T driving paramedic. And some companies, some companies, 1146 01:06:07,400 --> 01:06:09,720 Speaker 1: it all depends again on the region, not just in 1147 01:06:09,760 --> 01:06:12,640 Speaker 1: the United States. I'm talking about globally here. Some companies 1148 01:06:12,680 --> 01:06:17,760 Speaker 1: have ambulance drivers who are not medically rated at all. 1149 01:06:17,800 --> 01:06:21,200 Speaker 1: They might have a first Aid certificate, but they their 1150 01:06:21,240 --> 01:06:25,080 Speaker 1: purpose is to drive the vehicle. They're just awes. Yeah uh. 1151 01:06:25,120 --> 01:06:27,840 Speaker 1: And in other places they the person who's behind the 1152 01:06:27,840 --> 01:06:32,360 Speaker 1: wheel is fully qualified to treat emergency medical situations. It 1153 01:06:32,400 --> 01:06:34,560 Speaker 1: all depends upon the area. So how do they talk 1154 01:06:34,600 --> 01:06:38,000 Speaker 1: to each other? Well, they don't shout because that would 1155 01:06:38,000 --> 01:06:41,320 Speaker 1: be disturbing to the patient. They use radio these days, 1156 01:06:41,320 --> 01:06:43,920 Speaker 1: we don't. We no longer have the talking tubes. Sadly 1157 01:06:44,840 --> 01:06:46,800 Speaker 1: we now use radio, so now we do break or 1158 01:06:46,840 --> 01:06:49,919 Speaker 1: breaker stuff. But yeah, it's a two way radio communication 1159 01:06:49,960 --> 01:06:53,520 Speaker 1: that you can use. Also that radio can uh usually 1160 01:06:53,520 --> 01:06:56,120 Speaker 1: be used to contact hospitals to let a hospital know 1161 01:06:56,280 --> 01:06:59,400 Speaker 1: the nature of the patient. Um, you know, whether there 1162 01:06:59,400 --> 01:07:02,880 Speaker 1: it's an injury or illness or whatever, and they can 1163 01:07:02,920 --> 01:07:06,080 Speaker 1: get more direction from the hospital that way, Like if 1164 01:07:06,080 --> 01:07:08,960 Speaker 1: they get a information from the hospital that the hospital 1165 01:07:09,000 --> 01:07:13,400 Speaker 1: is completely overwhelmed by some other terrible thing that's happened, 1166 01:07:13,480 --> 01:07:16,600 Speaker 1: then the ambulance can reroute and go to a different 1167 01:07:16,600 --> 01:07:19,840 Speaker 1: facility if necessary. So it's a really important tool. In fact, 1168 01:07:19,920 --> 01:07:23,560 Speaker 1: there's some ambulances that have computer systems on board that 1169 01:07:23,720 --> 01:07:26,880 Speaker 1: also do this, where they're tied into an overall network 1170 01:07:26,920 --> 01:07:30,120 Speaker 1: of computers to help keep track of not just what 1171 01:07:30,240 --> 01:07:33,000 Speaker 1: that ambulance is doing, but what other ambulances and hospitals 1172 01:07:33,000 --> 01:07:35,480 Speaker 1: are doing in order to give the best chance for 1173 01:07:35,520 --> 01:07:41,520 Speaker 1: that patient possible. Uh. So that's that's your communication. You also, uh, 1174 01:07:41,720 --> 01:07:43,200 Speaker 1: you want to know how long you might have to 1175 01:07:43,240 --> 01:07:45,040 Speaker 1: do this if you're if you're working in on an 1176 01:07:45,040 --> 01:07:49,160 Speaker 1: ambulance tea. Yeah, but I'm already pretty intimidated. Let Okay, 1177 01:07:49,240 --> 01:07:51,840 Speaker 1: So I watched a video where they said, yeah, you know, 1178 01:07:51,880 --> 01:07:54,760 Speaker 1: your average ambulance team works anywhere between eight and twenty 1179 01:07:54,760 --> 01:07:57,240 Speaker 1: four hours in a row. Man, I hope you don't 1180 01:07:57,240 --> 01:08:01,360 Speaker 1: break that hypothetical foot on our no joke. Uh. He 1181 01:08:01,440 --> 01:08:04,400 Speaker 1: was also talking about how there are you know, obviously 1182 01:08:04,400 --> 01:08:09,040 Speaker 1: different facilities for ambulances. Some hospitals have uh like essentially 1183 01:08:09,040 --> 01:08:12,960 Speaker 1: a holding area like a garage and uh and there 1184 01:08:13,080 --> 01:08:15,800 Speaker 1: you could get out of your ambulance and and relax 1185 01:08:16,200 --> 01:08:18,960 Speaker 1: as much as you can while on the job before 1186 01:08:19,000 --> 01:08:22,920 Speaker 1: you go on call. But other ambulance teams there their 1187 01:08:22,920 --> 01:08:26,280 Speaker 1: office is their car, their vehicle, they're inside the cab. 1188 01:08:27,080 --> 01:08:30,320 Speaker 1: For the guy who did the video, he did it 1189 01:08:30,360 --> 01:08:32,960 Speaker 1: for twelve hours at a time. That was how long 1190 01:08:33,000 --> 01:08:35,719 Speaker 1: his shift was. So for twelve hours when he wasn't 1191 01:08:36,000 --> 01:08:39,160 Speaker 1: actively helping a patient, he was sitting in the passenger 1192 01:08:39,240 --> 01:08:43,519 Speaker 1: side of an ambulance. I just everyday such immense respect 1193 01:08:43,680 --> 01:08:45,840 Speaker 1: for people who do that, and we know that this 1194 01:08:45,920 --> 01:08:50,599 Speaker 1: is not the end. Ambulance technology continues as we record 1195 01:08:50,640 --> 01:08:53,400 Speaker 1: this podcast. Yeah, I wish I could tell you that 1196 01:08:53,439 --> 01:08:57,439 Speaker 1: there's a ton of super cool, like groundbreaking tech, but 1197 01:08:57,479 --> 01:09:00,280 Speaker 1: a lot of this is again because we're talking about 1198 01:09:00,320 --> 01:09:03,559 Speaker 1: stuff that has to be proven to be helpful. It's 1199 01:09:03,560 --> 01:09:07,720 Speaker 1: a slow kind of a slow evolution because we need 1200 01:09:07,760 --> 01:09:09,960 Speaker 1: to make sure that they work. You don't want to 1201 01:09:10,000 --> 01:09:14,360 Speaker 1: employ a technology or technique simply because it's new without 1202 01:09:14,360 --> 01:09:18,480 Speaker 1: first knowing that's helpful. Right If we were to do otherwise, 1203 01:09:18,479 --> 01:09:22,280 Speaker 1: than we could potentially negatively impact patients, and that's the 1204 01:09:22,360 --> 01:09:24,640 Speaker 1: last thing you want to do. But some of the 1205 01:09:24,640 --> 01:09:26,880 Speaker 1: things that have been incorporated over the past few years 1206 01:09:26,920 --> 01:09:32,840 Speaker 1: are howler sirens, which are they complement the regular ambulance siren. 1207 01:09:32,880 --> 01:09:36,000 Speaker 1: They don't replace it, but this is a lower frequency 1208 01:09:36,120 --> 01:09:40,920 Speaker 1: sound that penetrates further and is supposed to help alert 1209 01:09:41,040 --> 01:09:45,320 Speaker 1: drivers on the road that an ambulance is approaching. To me, 1210 01:09:45,920 --> 01:09:47,800 Speaker 1: I listened to a few because I was like, I 1211 01:09:48,040 --> 01:09:49,960 Speaker 1: don't know if I've heard this or not, and I 1212 01:09:50,000 --> 01:09:52,719 Speaker 1: have heard it before, but to me, depending on the video, 1213 01:09:52,760 --> 01:09:54,759 Speaker 1: it sounds kind of like the old pac man eating 1214 01:09:54,800 --> 01:09:59,559 Speaker 1: pellets and won won't because it is it's essentially that 1215 01:09:59,680 --> 01:10:04,719 Speaker 1: that's same undulating frequency, but now it's a lower pitch 1216 01:10:04,880 --> 01:10:07,879 Speaker 1: than the other one, and again it's underneath the regular sirens, 1217 01:10:07,880 --> 01:10:12,040 Speaker 1: so you hear both at the same time. I thank you. Yeah, 1218 01:10:12,120 --> 01:10:14,640 Speaker 1: I've played a lot of pac Man. And also it 1219 01:10:15,280 --> 01:10:19,559 Speaker 1: is low enough frequency where you can actually feel those vibrations. Yeah. 1220 01:10:19,600 --> 01:10:22,080 Speaker 1: So the idea being that even if you don't, if 1221 01:10:22,120 --> 01:10:24,880 Speaker 1: you don't actively register it as you know, hearing it, 1222 01:10:24,960 --> 01:10:27,040 Speaker 1: you feel it, and so that alerts you that there's 1223 01:10:27,040 --> 01:10:29,960 Speaker 1: an ambulance coming um And they say that you can 1224 01:10:30,040 --> 01:10:32,080 Speaker 1: feel the pressure from those sound waves if you're within 1225 01:10:32,120 --> 01:10:35,519 Speaker 1: two feet of the ambulance. Some of the ambulances around 1226 01:10:35,520 --> 01:10:38,120 Speaker 1: the world are being fitted with closed circuit television cameras 1227 01:10:38,240 --> 01:10:42,760 Speaker 1: internally and externally. The internal ones are meant partially as 1228 01:10:42,760 --> 01:10:47,920 Speaker 1: protection for ambulance crews because there's there's always the potential 1229 01:10:48,160 --> 01:10:52,400 Speaker 1: that you could be accused of malpractice, and they're meant 1230 01:10:52,400 --> 01:10:56,800 Speaker 1: to help maintain a level of accountability as well as 1231 01:10:56,840 --> 01:11:00,200 Speaker 1: protection for ambulance crews to say, well, we reviewed the 1232 01:11:00,200 --> 01:11:03,320 Speaker 1: the footage and they did exactly what they were supposed 1233 01:11:03,360 --> 01:11:05,479 Speaker 1: to do. That kind of thing. Yeah, that's gotta be huge. 1234 01:11:05,479 --> 01:11:09,640 Speaker 1: I'm I'm a I'm an advocate of that kind of monitoring. 1235 01:11:10,439 --> 01:11:12,760 Speaker 1: As creepy as it might sound to some people. If 1236 01:11:13,040 --> 01:11:18,040 Speaker 1: we're talking about firefighters, police officers, e m. S. Anybody 1237 01:11:18,080 --> 01:11:21,360 Speaker 1: who's in a situation where they're dealing with the public, 1238 01:11:21,800 --> 01:11:24,479 Speaker 1: then you have to have some kind of way to 1239 01:11:25,360 --> 01:11:29,680 Speaker 1: establish a firm, inarguable record. Yeah, exactly. You either know 1240 01:11:29,720 --> 01:11:31,720 Speaker 1: who you're dealing with. You you either have to be 1241 01:11:31,800 --> 01:11:36,000 Speaker 1: able to say, this person who we put into a 1242 01:11:36,080 --> 01:11:39,439 Speaker 1: position of trust violated that trust and therefore we need 1243 01:11:39,479 --> 01:11:42,639 Speaker 1: to react appropriately, or you need to be able to say, 1244 01:11:42,760 --> 01:11:45,639 Speaker 1: the person who we put in this position did exactly 1245 01:11:45,720 --> 01:11:47,640 Speaker 1: what they were supposed to do, and this is what 1246 01:11:47,800 --> 01:11:51,439 Speaker 1: shows us. So another the external ones are meant in 1247 01:11:51,560 --> 01:11:53,840 Speaker 1: order to try and keep an eye on things that 1248 01:11:53,920 --> 01:11:57,320 Speaker 1: might be volatile situations, like let's say that there's a 1249 01:11:57,400 --> 01:11:59,960 Speaker 1: riot going on in the city. Like here in the 1250 01:12:00,040 --> 01:12:03,400 Speaker 1: United States, we occasionally have them for things as silly 1251 01:12:03,560 --> 01:12:07,240 Speaker 1: as a sports victory, and that may mean that someone 1252 01:12:07,320 --> 01:12:09,120 Speaker 1: ends up being injured in the process and you have 1253 01:12:09,160 --> 01:12:10,840 Speaker 1: to send them out. But you also want to be 1254 01:12:10,840 --> 01:12:15,320 Speaker 1: careful because people are not acting rationally. So yeah, attempted 1255 01:12:15,360 --> 01:12:19,679 Speaker 1: ambulance another one. Yeah, actually, and well, when you remember 1256 01:12:19,760 --> 01:12:22,640 Speaker 1: that there are lots of medications in that ambulance you 1257 01:12:22,680 --> 01:12:25,519 Speaker 1: could understand there are some some temptations for people to 1258 01:12:25,560 --> 01:12:28,720 Speaker 1: try and steal them. So these externally mounted cameras are 1259 01:12:28,800 --> 01:12:31,960 Speaker 1: meant to be both a deterrent and also just an 1260 01:12:32,000 --> 01:12:33,880 Speaker 1: aid to the people inside the ambulance to keep an 1261 01:12:33,880 --> 01:12:35,519 Speaker 1: eye on how things are going, to make sure that 1262 01:12:35,560 --> 01:12:38,240 Speaker 1: they stay safe, not just the patient but the ambulance 1263 01:12:38,320 --> 01:12:43,160 Speaker 1: u UM employees as well. Then you have also aboard, 1264 01:12:43,840 --> 01:12:47,040 Speaker 1: we're seeing air filtration systems being installed. This is not 1265 01:12:47,080 --> 01:12:51,559 Speaker 1: necessarily new again. In fact, most ambulances have climate control 1266 01:12:51,600 --> 01:12:55,880 Speaker 1: that's separate in the ambulance compartment from the cab, so 1267 01:12:55,960 --> 01:12:58,840 Speaker 1: you have two different climate control systems, and part of 1268 01:12:58,840 --> 01:13:01,360 Speaker 1: that is to make sure that any pathogens that are 1269 01:13:01,360 --> 01:13:04,240 Speaker 1: coming from the patient don't get passed on into the 1270 01:13:04,280 --> 01:13:08,120 Speaker 1: cab and uh UM. You know, in fact the person 1271 01:13:08,240 --> 01:13:10,599 Speaker 1: driving the vehicle as well, so it's to try and 1272 01:13:11,040 --> 01:13:14,719 Speaker 1: keep them safe. UM and some also have data recording 1273 01:13:14,720 --> 01:13:17,439 Speaker 1: systems that keep track of the vehicle's speed that's breaking 1274 01:13:17,479 --> 01:13:20,240 Speaker 1: its position. It's kind of like the black box on 1275 01:13:20,280 --> 01:13:23,479 Speaker 1: an airplane. An interesting fact for that, in the United States, 1276 01:13:23,479 --> 01:13:26,880 Speaker 1: the federal government has passed some regulations requiring something like 1277 01:13:26,960 --> 01:13:30,920 Speaker 1: a black box to be in most automobiles, so it's 1278 01:13:30,960 --> 01:13:34,200 Speaker 1: not just an ambulance that has this. And while a 1279 01:13:34,200 --> 01:13:37,559 Speaker 1: lot of people have these or welly and objections to it, 1280 01:13:38,040 --> 01:13:40,680 Speaker 1: I just want to point out that these things just 1281 01:13:40,880 --> 01:13:44,080 Speaker 1: records sort of flight data, sort of the metadata of 1282 01:13:44,120 --> 01:13:48,880 Speaker 1: your driving and h and a data recording system in 1283 01:13:48,920 --> 01:13:52,800 Speaker 1: an ambulance might be in communication with a network of 1284 01:13:52,840 --> 01:13:56,960 Speaker 1: some sort, but typically in your average consumer vehicle, they're 1285 01:13:56,960 --> 01:14:00,000 Speaker 1: not talking to anyone. No, it's recording simply within your 1286 01:14:00,120 --> 01:14:04,519 Speaker 1: vehicle itself, and ultimately that system might end up helping 1287 01:14:04,600 --> 01:14:07,160 Speaker 1: you as a driver. Let's say that you are driving 1288 01:14:07,160 --> 01:14:11,599 Speaker 1: a vehicle that suffers a mechanical failure, that's a manufacturing problem, 1289 01:14:12,080 --> 01:14:15,000 Speaker 1: and it's recorded in there so that anything that happens, 1290 01:14:15,040 --> 01:14:18,040 Speaker 1: maybe maybe you have an accident and hopefully it's one 1291 01:14:18,080 --> 01:14:21,160 Speaker 1: that doesn't result in injury, but you have an accident 1292 01:14:21,160 --> 01:14:25,080 Speaker 1: that affects your car and it's due to a manufacturing problem, 1293 01:14:25,120 --> 01:14:27,960 Speaker 1: and that was recorded on that black box, is gonna 1294 01:14:28,000 --> 01:14:30,599 Speaker 1: be thankful for that, right as opposed to someone saying, oh, 1295 01:14:30,640 --> 01:14:34,040 Speaker 1: you're a careless driver. Yeah, And it's important for ambulance 1296 01:14:34,080 --> 01:14:37,280 Speaker 1: is to have that because they are statistically more likely 1297 01:14:37,320 --> 01:14:40,040 Speaker 1: to be involved in an accident. Sure, because they're they're 1298 01:14:40,240 --> 01:14:44,320 Speaker 1: entering areas that are already dangerous. They are also having 1299 01:14:44,320 --> 01:14:47,160 Speaker 1: to go through you know, intersections, they have to go 1300 01:14:47,200 --> 01:14:48,920 Speaker 1: through heavy traffic at times, they have to go through 1301 01:14:48,920 --> 01:14:52,519 Speaker 1: opposing traffic at times. This is obviously putting themselves at 1302 01:14:52,560 --> 01:14:56,280 Speaker 1: a higher risk for that sort of thing. I see, 1303 01:14:56,320 --> 01:15:00,240 Speaker 1: you've got an interesting little, um, little little blurb that 1304 01:15:00,320 --> 01:15:04,200 Speaker 1: we're wrapping up. We have time for it, okay, all right, Well, 1305 01:15:04,200 --> 01:15:06,519 Speaker 1: first off, thank you for for having me on. It's 1306 01:15:06,520 --> 01:15:10,599 Speaker 1: always a pleasure. Um. We we added some stuff folks 1307 01:15:10,720 --> 01:15:14,320 Speaker 1: under what we called fascinating but not totally necessary facts, 1308 01:15:14,320 --> 01:15:17,120 Speaker 1: and we both have one. Yes, uh mine is that 1309 01:15:17,720 --> 01:15:20,760 Speaker 1: as of October two thousand fourteen, Dubai is home to 1310 01:15:20,840 --> 01:15:24,280 Speaker 1: what they call the world's fastest ambulance. It's a refitted 1311 01:15:24,360 --> 01:15:26,599 Speaker 1: Lotus of Aora. It can travel up to a hundred 1312 01:15:26,680 --> 01:15:29,680 Speaker 1: and eighty five miles per hour. And they have a 1313 01:15:29,720 --> 01:15:31,760 Speaker 1: couple of other things they're working on, which will say 1314 01:15:31,840 --> 01:15:35,160 Speaker 1: for later episodes. So a Lotus of Aora is a 1315 01:15:35,200 --> 01:15:38,600 Speaker 1: sports car. Yes. Do you know if they actually transport 1316 01:15:38,720 --> 01:15:42,080 Speaker 1: patients or is this just to get responders to a patient? 1317 01:15:42,240 --> 01:15:44,559 Speaker 1: I think it's because I was looking at this um 1318 01:15:44,920 --> 01:15:47,720 Speaker 1: and I think that there might be a way for 1319 01:15:47,760 --> 01:15:53,280 Speaker 1: them to strap somebody onto it, But you need to 1320 01:15:53,280 --> 01:15:55,960 Speaker 1: do a Google image. But I don't I don't think 1321 01:15:56,120 --> 01:15:58,880 Speaker 1: just to dispel it, I think it's it's more for 1322 01:15:58,920 --> 01:16:01,200 Speaker 1: them to show up on the scene and do treatment 1323 01:16:01,320 --> 01:16:05,720 Speaker 1: on the scene or donuts in the parking lot. This thing, look, 1324 01:16:05,800 --> 01:16:08,599 Speaker 1: I mean it's going fast standing still, right, I mean, 1325 01:16:08,640 --> 01:16:11,360 Speaker 1: that's that's what this thing is doing. And all the 1326 01:16:11,360 --> 01:16:14,240 Speaker 1: medical equipment is in that the quote unquote trunk of 1327 01:16:14,240 --> 01:16:16,639 Speaker 1: this VIHEO. If you've ever had a sports car written 1328 01:16:16,800 --> 01:16:20,360 Speaker 1: sports car, you know trunks are that's being generous. But 1329 01:16:20,360 --> 01:16:25,400 Speaker 1: but rear storage compartment is filled with medical equipment. Uh, 1330 01:16:25,720 --> 01:16:29,200 Speaker 1: and there's really I mean, if you have two responders, 1331 01:16:29,200 --> 01:16:31,120 Speaker 1: then there's no room for a page. Yeah. I just 1332 01:16:31,160 --> 01:16:34,040 Speaker 1: don't see how that's my problem with. I don't see 1333 01:16:34,040 --> 01:16:36,840 Speaker 1: how you could attach somebody right, Yeah, unless you strap 1334 01:16:36,840 --> 01:16:39,719 Speaker 1: them to the top Christmas tree style, which I don't 1335 01:16:39,760 --> 01:16:43,439 Speaker 1: think I would recommend. Not a doctor either, But but 1336 01:16:43,680 --> 01:16:46,360 Speaker 1: but what's your what's your fascinating facts? So we do 1337 01:16:46,479 --> 01:16:48,720 Speaker 1: have one article on how stuff works that relates to 1338 01:16:48,760 --> 01:16:52,880 Speaker 1: ambulances that popped up and this one just amused me 1339 01:16:52,880 --> 01:16:54,719 Speaker 1: because it popped up and I was like, well, I'm 1340 01:16:54,760 --> 01:16:56,920 Speaker 1: going to include this because it's ridiculous. But it was 1341 01:16:57,160 --> 01:17:02,320 Speaker 1: one about really bizarre car races, and they talked about 1342 01:17:02,320 --> 01:17:05,160 Speaker 1: how on Spike TV's Car Apocalypse, which keep in mind 1343 01:17:05,200 --> 01:17:08,080 Speaker 1: this is for a like almost like a reality game 1344 01:17:08,120 --> 01:17:10,960 Speaker 1: show sort of thing, they had a crazy race that 1345 01:17:11,040 --> 01:17:13,920 Speaker 1: involved ambulance is called a chain race. Now, a chain 1346 01:17:14,000 --> 01:17:16,559 Speaker 1: race is when you have two vehicles, one towing the 1347 01:17:16,600 --> 01:17:20,560 Speaker 1: other with a chain, but you have drivers in both vehicles. 1348 01:17:20,560 --> 01:17:23,320 Speaker 1: So the driver in the front vehicles the one providing 1349 01:17:23,360 --> 01:17:25,320 Speaker 1: all the power and making turns and stuff. The driving 1350 01:17:25,400 --> 01:17:28,599 Speaker 1: the back vehicle is trying their best to maintain control 1351 01:17:28,760 --> 01:17:33,519 Speaker 1: over their unpowered but still very rapidly moving vehicle so 1352 01:17:33,560 --> 01:17:35,680 Speaker 1: that when they're going around turns and stuff, they're not 1353 01:17:35,720 --> 01:17:38,840 Speaker 1: slinging way off to the side. And the winner of 1354 01:17:38,880 --> 01:17:42,320 Speaker 1: the quote unquote races whichever vehicle still, you know, is 1355 01:17:42,360 --> 01:17:46,160 Speaker 1: able to complete it and still be towing their respective 1356 01:17:46,160 --> 01:17:49,599 Speaker 1: car behind them. So these were ambulances towing other cars, 1357 01:17:49,640 --> 01:17:52,040 Speaker 1: and they had two person teams, one person behind the 1358 01:17:52,040 --> 01:17:54,040 Speaker 1: wheel of the ambulance, one behind the wheel of the car. 1359 01:17:55,479 --> 01:17:57,840 Speaker 1: One It was kind of terrifying. I actually watched some 1360 01:17:57,840 --> 01:18:00,120 Speaker 1: some excerpts and and it was pretty crazy and was 1361 01:18:00,160 --> 01:18:03,120 Speaker 1: on the circular track, so it was all about spinning out, 1362 01:18:03,200 --> 01:18:04,760 Speaker 1: you know, like they would they would take a turn, 1363 01:18:05,120 --> 01:18:06,760 Speaker 1: and the person in the back, you know, they have 1364 01:18:06,880 --> 01:18:09,599 Speaker 1: very limited vision of what they could say that most 1365 01:18:09,600 --> 01:18:11,240 Speaker 1: of their vision is taken up by the back of 1366 01:18:11,280 --> 01:18:14,800 Speaker 1: an ambulance, and so they're they're trying to their best 1367 01:18:14,840 --> 01:18:17,120 Speaker 1: to kind of move with it, but if they swung 1368 01:18:17,160 --> 01:18:19,760 Speaker 1: out to wide, it would cause the whole thing to 1369 01:18:19,800 --> 01:18:24,559 Speaker 1: spin out. It's kind of spectacular. So yeah, that's that's 1370 01:18:24,640 --> 01:18:28,439 Speaker 1: the low down on ambulances. And uh, you know, I 1371 01:18:28,479 --> 01:18:33,920 Speaker 1: think once we see more technology be proven, you know, 1372 01:18:34,000 --> 01:18:35,960 Speaker 1: have it's worth proven in the field, we'll see it 1373 01:18:36,040 --> 01:18:39,840 Speaker 1: make its way into ambulances. I don't again, I don't 1374 01:18:39,880 --> 01:18:44,000 Speaker 1: disagree with taking time to make sure that that's there. 1375 01:18:44,040 --> 01:18:48,519 Speaker 1: I I as someone who loves technology, my first instinct 1376 01:18:48,560 --> 01:18:52,639 Speaker 1: often is to adopt something first and then hope that 1377 01:18:52,720 --> 01:18:55,439 Speaker 1: the value plays out. But you don't want to do 1378 01:18:55,479 --> 01:18:58,680 Speaker 1: that when people's lives are at stake. I have no 1379 01:18:58,800 --> 01:19:01,320 Speaker 1: problem with it taking some time. I mean, obviously there's 1380 01:19:01,360 --> 01:19:04,000 Speaker 1: the frustration because if something could be saving lives you 1381 01:19:04,040 --> 01:19:06,880 Speaker 1: wanted to be out there, but you have to prove 1382 01:19:06,960 --> 01:19:10,800 Speaker 1: that that could is is real and ambulances being so varied, 1383 01:19:10,880 --> 01:19:13,160 Speaker 1: it's obvious to me and although I will admit this 1384 01:19:13,200 --> 01:19:15,400 Speaker 1: is an assumption, I think it's a fair one that 1385 01:19:15,720 --> 01:19:20,240 Speaker 1: ambulances also have wildly differing ranges of equipment with levels 1386 01:19:20,280 --> 01:19:24,360 Speaker 1: of sophistication. So there are you know, surely there are 1387 01:19:24,400 --> 01:19:29,080 Speaker 1: ambulances that have the insta burn graft kind of technology, 1388 01:19:30,080 --> 01:19:33,160 Speaker 1: crazy crazy stuff that that you know that could use 1389 01:19:33,200 --> 01:19:35,920 Speaker 1: some more time to be proven. Yeah, again, it's not 1390 01:19:35,960 --> 01:19:39,160 Speaker 1: one of those those cookie cutter type things where a 1391 01:19:39,240 --> 01:19:42,360 Speaker 1: standard model like you don't get the standard ambulance and 1392 01:19:42,400 --> 01:19:46,600 Speaker 1: standard ambulance response team that just ends up being you know, 1393 01:19:48,960 --> 01:19:52,000 Speaker 1: put out through all of the world. As as this 1394 01:19:52,160 --> 01:19:54,720 Speaker 1: is what we use from here on out. There's it's 1395 01:19:54,800 --> 01:19:57,639 Speaker 1: definitely a great answer. Yeah, maybe maybe one day we'll 1396 01:19:57,680 --> 01:20:00,720 Speaker 1: get to that standard. And uh, if we do, Lee, 1397 01:20:01,200 --> 01:20:02,519 Speaker 1: You're going to be one of the first people I 1398 01:20:02,520 --> 01:20:04,320 Speaker 1: write to about it because I thought this was an 1399 01:20:04,320 --> 01:20:06,519 Speaker 1: excellent suggestion. And thank you so much for having me 1400 01:20:06,560 --> 01:20:08,240 Speaker 1: on the show. Thank you for being on, Ben, I 1401 01:20:08,320 --> 01:20:11,799 Speaker 1: really appreciate it. So where can people find you? Uh, well, 1402 01:20:11,920 --> 01:20:14,960 Speaker 1: usually you you and I are hanging out on a 1403 01:20:15,000 --> 01:20:18,040 Speaker 1: show called What the Stuff and another show called brain Stuff, 1404 01:20:18,479 --> 01:20:21,200 Speaker 1: which is the old timey movie thing we referenced earlier, 1405 01:20:21,240 --> 01:20:23,479 Speaker 1: which I was really happy and I was really happy 1406 01:20:23,479 --> 01:20:25,240 Speaker 1: with that episode. I thought you did a great job, 1407 01:20:26,000 --> 01:20:30,280 Speaker 1: especially because you use that accent regularly. Anyway. Um, I 1408 01:20:30,320 --> 01:20:33,720 Speaker 1: also do a car stuff with Scott Benjamin, who is 1409 01:20:33,800 --> 01:20:37,200 Speaker 1: our guru of all things automotive, and I am on 1410 01:20:37,400 --> 01:20:40,400 Speaker 1: Stuff they Don't Want You to Know, which is a 1411 01:20:40,439 --> 01:20:44,880 Speaker 1: spooky show about secrets and critical thinking. Yeah, it's it's 1412 01:20:44,920 --> 01:20:47,360 Speaker 1: interesting that you that you came out to say you 1413 01:20:47,400 --> 01:20:50,040 Speaker 1: were in favor of the cameras and you also are 1414 01:20:50,080 --> 01:20:52,200 Speaker 1: a host of Stuff they Don't Want You to Know. Yeah, 1415 01:20:52,280 --> 01:20:55,519 Speaker 1: well absolutely, I mean I that that's something for a 1416 01:20:55,520 --> 01:20:57,599 Speaker 1: different show, but I would love to have you on 1417 01:20:57,680 --> 01:21:00,679 Speaker 1: that show maybe one day about that. I would love that. Yeah. 1418 01:21:00,720 --> 01:21:03,280 Speaker 1: So guys, if you have any suggestions for future episodes 1419 01:21:03,320 --> 01:21:05,839 Speaker 1: of tech Stuff, maybe you've got an idea for an episode, 1420 01:21:05,840 --> 01:21:08,400 Speaker 1: you've got a comment about ambulances, or you just have 1421 01:21:08,479 --> 01:21:11,320 Speaker 1: other questions, please send them to me. My email address 1422 01:21:11,439 --> 01:21:13,760 Speaker 1: is tech Stuff at how stuff works dot com, or 1423 01:21:13,840 --> 01:21:16,240 Speaker 1: drop me a line on social you could find me 1424 01:21:16,280 --> 01:21:19,479 Speaker 1: on Twitter and over on Tumblr and on Facebook, all 1425 01:21:19,560 --> 01:21:22,800 Speaker 1: with the handle text stuff h s W and We'll 1426 01:21:22,840 --> 01:21:28,479 Speaker 1: talk to you again really soon. For more on this 1427 01:21:28,720 --> 01:21:31,200 Speaker 1: and bathands of other topics, does it have stuff works 1428 01:21:31,200 --> 01:21:41,320 Speaker 1: dot com