1 00:00:01,120 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to you stuff you should know from House Stuff 2 00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:12,640 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm 3 00:00:12,720 --> 00:00:15,600 Speaker 1: Josh Clark and Charles W. Chuck Bryant is with me 4 00:00:15,640 --> 00:00:19,280 Speaker 1: as always. Hello, sir, Hello, how are you. I'm good 5 00:00:19,079 --> 00:00:22,160 Speaker 1: with that Jerry in the house. Oh yeah, that's when, uh, 6 00:00:22,840 --> 00:00:28,080 Speaker 1: you know, I probably won't be our funniest podcast. And 7 00:00:28,120 --> 00:00:32,800 Speaker 1: I have to say that I suggested landslides without knowing 8 00:00:32,840 --> 00:00:37,239 Speaker 1: about that landslide. No, I swear, no, I promise you. 9 00:00:37,280 --> 00:00:40,080 Speaker 1: I sent this to you on Monday, and then I 10 00:00:40,120 --> 00:00:43,960 Speaker 1: saw like a few hours later, Wow, and it was like, 11 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:46,360 Speaker 1: oh boy, I didn't you know. I was. I was 12 00:00:46,400 --> 00:00:50,160 Speaker 1: on vacation, so I didn't hear about it. Um, but yeah, 13 00:00:50,400 --> 00:00:53,040 Speaker 1: so it's super relevant. Well yeah it is, you know, 14 00:00:53,200 --> 00:00:57,240 Speaker 1: apparently unintentionally relevant like our Black Boxes episode. Yeah, it's 15 00:00:57,400 --> 00:01:02,720 Speaker 1: been happening weirdly. But yeah, if you have been uh 16 00:01:02,960 --> 00:01:06,039 Speaker 1: not paying attention to the news at all lately, then 17 00:01:06,080 --> 00:01:09,000 Speaker 1: you may not know. But there was a massive landslide 18 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:12,880 Speaker 1: in Washington as of last count I think, um, the 19 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:16,880 Speaker 1: death tolls at like twenty four, which is an astoundingly 20 00:01:16,959 --> 00:01:20,480 Speaker 1: high number for a landslide. Uh, at least in the 21 00:01:20,520 --> 00:01:24,040 Speaker 1: United States because something like twenty five to thirty five 22 00:01:24,120 --> 00:01:28,160 Speaker 1: people die in the US a year from landslides. This 23 00:01:28,200 --> 00:01:32,240 Speaker 1: one was one single, enormous landslide, and if you haven't 24 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:35,520 Speaker 1: seen the pictures to get an idea of just how 25 00:01:35,640 --> 00:01:40,720 Speaker 1: large it was, you should go online immediately, um and 26 00:01:41,120 --> 00:01:44,920 Speaker 1: check it out, because it's it was nuts what happened there. Yeah, 27 00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:46,760 Speaker 1: it's about an hour north of Seattle, and I know 28 00:01:46,800 --> 00:01:48,360 Speaker 1: we have a lot of fans in Seattle, so we're 29 00:01:48,360 --> 00:01:51,920 Speaker 1: obviously thinking about everyone there. But um, it is you know, 30 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:54,960 Speaker 1: there's still you know, a hundred and seventy plus people missing, 31 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:58,400 Speaker 1: and it's it's it looks like it will be easily 32 00:01:58,480 --> 00:02:01,280 Speaker 1: the deadliest landslide in US history by the time this 33 00:02:01,320 --> 00:02:03,240 Speaker 1: is all said and done. It seems like it. But 34 00:02:03,280 --> 00:02:06,560 Speaker 1: I'm clearly hoping there's more survivors. But it's just a 35 00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:09,920 Speaker 1: scary man. Oh Yeah, to think about like being trapped 36 00:02:09,960 --> 00:02:12,720 Speaker 1: like that and possibly still alive. It's just like the 37 00:02:12,720 --> 00:02:15,160 Speaker 1: whole thing is upsetting, Yeah, because I mean, if you 38 00:02:15,240 --> 00:02:18,600 Speaker 1: were inside a structure it's now covered with mud, you 39 00:02:18,720 --> 00:02:22,320 Speaker 1: might you know, there's a chance that you are you're 40 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:27,280 Speaker 1: not buried, the structure around you is buried. Um, So yeah, 41 00:02:27,440 --> 00:02:32,320 Speaker 1: it's it's pretty awful stuff. Um, the to me, what's 42 00:02:32,320 --> 00:02:35,119 Speaker 1: even more awful? And I read an article where a resident, 43 00:02:35,240 --> 00:02:38,680 Speaker 1: unnamed resident was saying like, yeah, we're not mad at 44 00:02:38,680 --> 00:02:41,800 Speaker 1: the authorities, but yeah, apparently they didn't heat a lot 45 00:02:41,840 --> 00:02:48,800 Speaker 1: of UM warnings. This area, the area that was covered 46 00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:52,880 Speaker 1: in landslide was known since the sixties. In the area 47 00:02:53,040 --> 00:02:57,520 Speaker 1: is Slide Hill that the area itself is called the 48 00:02:57,639 --> 00:03:01,560 Speaker 1: Steelhead Landslide. So like, imagine if, um, the street you 49 00:03:01,600 --> 00:03:06,280 Speaker 1: live on is is not an East Lake, but in 50 00:03:06,680 --> 00:03:10,280 Speaker 1: Steelhead Landslide. Landslide is in the name of the area 51 00:03:10,360 --> 00:03:12,880 Speaker 1: that you live. So it wasn't like the biggest surprise. No, 52 00:03:13,120 --> 00:03:16,080 Speaker 1: And there was a report by the U. S. Army 53 00:03:16,120 --> 00:03:20,920 Speaker 1: Corps of Engineers that predicted a UM the potential for 54 00:03:20,960 --> 00:03:25,120 Speaker 1: a large catastrophic failure right there where it happened. And 55 00:03:25,160 --> 00:03:29,120 Speaker 1: that's exactly what happened. The landslide happened. It covered about 56 00:03:30,280 --> 00:03:36,040 Speaker 1: a square mile and ums like fifteen feet deep. Right now, Well, 57 00:03:36,080 --> 00:03:38,200 Speaker 1: you can't tell people where to live though, you know, no, 58 00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:40,760 Speaker 1: you definitely can't. I'm not saying they shouldn't have warned, 59 00:03:40,800 --> 00:03:43,480 Speaker 1: but like, people still live in flood zones and people 60 00:03:43,640 --> 00:03:46,560 Speaker 1: still build their houses on the sides of a hill 61 00:03:46,600 --> 00:03:49,280 Speaker 1: in Malibu And yeah, and I guess if you're warned 62 00:03:49,320 --> 00:03:51,280 Speaker 1: and like you were willing to take that risk and 63 00:03:51,360 --> 00:03:53,680 Speaker 1: you wanted to, then yeah, I don't want to disagree 64 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:57,000 Speaker 1: with that, but I I don't know if um, I 65 00:03:57,000 --> 00:04:00,280 Speaker 1: don't know if everybody was as aware of the potent tool. 66 00:04:00,680 --> 00:04:03,240 Speaker 1: But apparently there was a landslide in the area as 67 00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:07,440 Speaker 1: recently as two thousands six. Yeah, so apparently this was 68 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:10,080 Speaker 1: the big one and it was coming a long time 69 00:04:10,120 --> 00:04:12,720 Speaker 1: and that and set off by water in this case, right, Yeah, 70 00:04:12,760 --> 00:04:15,040 Speaker 1: there was word that possibly it was an earthquake, but 71 00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:17,000 Speaker 1: they think no, it was. Um, there was a lot 72 00:04:17,040 --> 00:04:20,880 Speaker 1: of rain that that came before then. And so well, 73 00:04:20,960 --> 00:04:24,120 Speaker 1: let's let's get down to explaining what happened exactly. The 74 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:28,520 Speaker 1: landslide there is actually technically a mud slide. Um, and 75 00:04:28,760 --> 00:04:31,720 Speaker 1: mud slides, landslides, a bunch of other ones. They're all 76 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:35,599 Speaker 1: they all fall under something called mass movements. Yeah, and 77 00:04:35,640 --> 00:04:39,360 Speaker 1: that is the umbrella term, and that basically means gravity 78 00:04:39,400 --> 00:04:42,880 Speaker 1: is at work moving something down a slope some kind 79 00:04:42,880 --> 00:04:45,840 Speaker 1: of sediment. Um. It can be a landslide, which can 80 00:04:46,080 --> 00:04:50,280 Speaker 1: is obviously devastating, or it can be super slow over centuries. 81 00:04:50,960 --> 00:04:54,080 Speaker 1: And we'll get into all that in a minute. But um, 82 00:04:54,120 --> 00:04:56,240 Speaker 1: and well we'll get into all the triggers too, But 83 00:04:56,279 --> 00:05:00,320 Speaker 1: I guess we should talk about their categorized depending on 84 00:05:01,200 --> 00:05:05,200 Speaker 1: how fast it's moving, UM, what kind of materials are 85 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:09,520 Speaker 1: being moved. Um. In every case though, you're talking about 86 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:15,560 Speaker 1: soil moving off of bedrock, the friction being overcome by gravity. 87 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:18,920 Speaker 1: That's exactly what a landslide is. And it's like super 88 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:22,280 Speaker 1: fast erosion on any slope. You have soil over rock 89 00:05:22,480 --> 00:05:25,520 Speaker 1: and it's being held in place by friction. It's kind 90 00:05:25,520 --> 00:05:27,640 Speaker 1: of scary to think about it really is. You know 91 00:05:27,680 --> 00:05:30,279 Speaker 1: it's true, but then when you read it, it's like wow. Yeah. 92 00:05:30,320 --> 00:05:32,600 Speaker 1: I mean like if you've ever like dug a hole 93 00:05:32,640 --> 00:05:36,640 Speaker 1: in the ground, it's not easy. It's not like it's 94 00:05:36,640 --> 00:05:40,839 Speaker 1: not like silt or something like that. It's it's like ground. 95 00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:44,040 Speaker 1: It's hard ground. But you know that stuff is it's 96 00:05:44,120 --> 00:05:48,520 Speaker 1: not fused to the bedrock beneath it's it's there's there's 97 00:05:48,720 --> 00:05:51,880 Speaker 1: a kind of um, there's a friction that's holding it 98 00:05:51,920 --> 00:05:54,920 Speaker 1: in place, and that can that can fail, and that's 99 00:05:54,960 --> 00:05:57,920 Speaker 1: that's what a landslide is exactly like you said, gravity 100 00:05:58,000 --> 00:06:01,599 Speaker 1: overcomes friction. Yeah, and it hand on some very large scales, 101 00:06:01,920 --> 00:06:05,080 Speaker 1: it can on small scales. Um. And then like you said, 102 00:06:05,120 --> 00:06:09,800 Speaker 1: depending on the type of movement, how it moves, what's moved, 103 00:06:10,120 --> 00:06:13,200 Speaker 1: you have different categories of mass movements. Land slides are 104 00:06:13,240 --> 00:06:16,800 Speaker 1: just one of them, or a slide is one category. 105 00:06:16,839 --> 00:06:22,200 Speaker 1: The slides, creeps, slumps, and flows. Yeah, creeps are obviously 106 00:06:22,240 --> 00:06:25,920 Speaker 1: super slow. It can be uh months, years, it can 107 00:06:25,960 --> 00:06:31,360 Speaker 1: be centuries of creep. And that is when the sediment, uh, 108 00:06:31,520 --> 00:06:34,360 Speaker 1: when the friction is is not working, but it's not 109 00:06:34,440 --> 00:06:37,760 Speaker 1: completely destroyed, so there's still some friction. It's just moving 110 00:06:37,839 --> 00:06:41,440 Speaker 1: super slow. And that's usually as a result of a 111 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:45,000 Speaker 1: lot of freezing and thawing going on to change the 112 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:49,160 Speaker 1: composition of the soil. Yeah. When the when a freeze 113 00:06:49,160 --> 00:06:53,719 Speaker 1: comes through, the sediment in the soil um is pushed 114 00:06:53,800 --> 00:06:57,119 Speaker 1: upward as it freezes, and when it falls, it falls 115 00:06:57,160 --> 00:07:00,159 Speaker 1: back downward. So what you have, if you look at 116 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:03,800 Speaker 1: it on a geological time scale, is basically an undulation 117 00:07:05,000 --> 00:07:08,440 Speaker 1: up and down of the soil that is moving downward 118 00:07:08,520 --> 00:07:11,160 Speaker 1: on a slope like millimeters at a time. Right, and 119 00:07:11,200 --> 00:07:14,560 Speaker 1: then uh, the telltale signs though, you can see that 120 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:18,440 Speaker 1: creep is happening because telephone poles will be kind of 121 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:22,320 Speaker 1: a skewed trees or something like that. Yeah. You that 122 00:07:22,400 --> 00:07:26,040 Speaker 1: means that you're standing on or looking at a slumping 123 00:07:26,080 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 1: slope and you won't see it happening. No, but I 124 00:07:29,520 --> 00:07:32,200 Speaker 1: can see a pretty awesome gift. I can't remember where 125 00:07:32,320 --> 00:07:35,239 Speaker 1: was it time lapse. Yeah, it's the time lapse gift. 126 00:07:35,880 --> 00:07:37,320 Speaker 1: And it wasn't over the course of the year. Is 127 00:07:37,360 --> 00:07:39,040 Speaker 1: over the course of I think several days in San 128 00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:42,200 Speaker 1: Bernardino or whatever. But it's just like whoa there goes. 129 00:07:42,600 --> 00:07:46,040 Speaker 1: It makes you feel unstable. Yeah, like the earth beneath 130 00:07:46,080 --> 00:07:48,880 Speaker 1: your feet. Yeah, well, I mean the the earth is 131 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:53,679 Speaker 1: a constantly evolving mass, you know, soil is being moved 132 00:07:53,680 --> 00:07:55,440 Speaker 1: from here to there, and there's all sorts of different 133 00:07:55,440 --> 00:07:58,120 Speaker 1: agents of change. But and it moves in different ways. 134 00:07:58,120 --> 00:08:02,120 Speaker 1: It can creep. Um. I think I said a slumping slope. 135 00:08:02,200 --> 00:08:05,600 Speaker 1: That's not true. That was a creeping slope. A slump 136 00:08:05,720 --> 00:08:09,160 Speaker 1: is when you have a big chunk that breaks off 137 00:08:09,200 --> 00:08:13,640 Speaker 1: as a single whole chunk and moves. That's a slump. Yeah, 138 00:08:13,640 --> 00:08:16,560 Speaker 1: and that can be the the actual thing can be 139 00:08:16,600 --> 00:08:18,800 Speaker 1: called a slump too. It can have a couple of 140 00:08:18,880 --> 00:08:21,560 Speaker 1: meanings there for that word, like the big piece can 141 00:08:21,560 --> 00:08:24,840 Speaker 1: be called a slump, or if the movement is the slump, 142 00:08:24,880 --> 00:08:30,200 Speaker 1: if they're not sliding like they used top uh, and 143 00:08:30,280 --> 00:08:34,280 Speaker 1: that is when um basically the base can't support this 144 00:08:34,440 --> 00:08:37,439 Speaker 1: big chunk on top of it. And again it's usually 145 00:08:37,920 --> 00:08:42,520 Speaker 1: due to UH moisture and water is the general cause 146 00:08:42,559 --> 00:08:45,719 Speaker 1: for slumps as well. Yeah, waters, like the primary all 147 00:08:45,800 --> 00:08:50,480 Speaker 1: time leading winning is cause of mass movements because either 148 00:08:51,400 --> 00:08:55,679 Speaker 1: like um in a slump. A good analogy or a 149 00:08:55,720 --> 00:08:57,960 Speaker 1: good example is if you're at the beach and you 150 00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:01,480 Speaker 1: just see like a whole um, whole hunk of wet 151 00:09:01,520 --> 00:09:04,319 Speaker 1: sand cheer off of another hunk of wet sand. Did 152 00:09:04,360 --> 00:09:08,280 Speaker 1: you just witnessed the slump? And actually water can create 153 00:09:08,320 --> 00:09:12,960 Speaker 1: stability for sandy, loamy or clay soil, Like you build 154 00:09:12,960 --> 00:09:15,880 Speaker 1: a sand castle, you want the sand wet exactly up 155 00:09:15,920 --> 00:09:18,199 Speaker 1: to a point when you had too much water becomes 156 00:09:18,200 --> 00:09:20,360 Speaker 1: saturated and then you have a slump or you have 157 00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:23,640 Speaker 1: a slider a flow um and then with other types 158 00:09:23,640 --> 00:09:28,880 Speaker 1: of mass movement, that water can get underneath and interrupt 159 00:09:28,960 --> 00:09:32,760 Speaker 1: the friction between the soil and the bedrock, and that's 160 00:09:32,760 --> 00:09:34,960 Speaker 1: when you have some sort of movement as well. So 161 00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:38,160 Speaker 1: that's creep, and that's slump. And then finally we have flow, 162 00:09:38,840 --> 00:09:43,000 Speaker 1: which is uh just basically a soupy mix of water 163 00:09:43,160 --> 00:09:47,280 Speaker 1: and rock and uh soil and other materials, and it's 164 00:09:47,320 --> 00:09:50,720 Speaker 1: just those are usually the deadliest because they spread further. 165 00:09:51,120 --> 00:09:53,880 Speaker 1: That's like a mud flower and avalanche. They get everywhere, 166 00:09:54,280 --> 00:09:57,440 Speaker 1: they'll like enter into everything. That's not just it's just 167 00:09:57,520 --> 00:09:59,680 Speaker 1: like a bunch of dirt. It's it's like a river, 168 00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:03,880 Speaker 1: a moving a fast moving river of mud and debris. 169 00:10:04,280 --> 00:10:09,880 Speaker 1: And I misspoke earlier. That's um in oh So, Washington, 170 00:10:10,520 --> 00:10:14,200 Speaker 1: that's what that's what that was. That was the mud 171 00:10:14,240 --> 00:10:17,840 Speaker 1: flow that started it, that came down and covered everything, 172 00:10:19,679 --> 00:10:23,720 Speaker 1: which actually hampered rescue UM operations because apparently it's just 173 00:10:23,720 --> 00:10:30,000 Speaker 1: like quicksand right now, Yeah, so in the case of well, 174 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:32,560 Speaker 1: in the case of anything other than a creep or slump, 175 00:10:32,800 --> 00:10:37,719 Speaker 1: if you're talking about a quick landslide, it happens just 176 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:42,240 Speaker 1: like in a snap. It's it's going and picking up speed, 177 00:10:42,320 --> 00:10:46,760 Speaker 1: but it is the result of years and years of 178 00:10:46,760 --> 00:10:52,320 Speaker 1: of like slow steady erosion. Classically, it's not something that 179 00:10:52,400 --> 00:10:55,000 Speaker 1: just happens out or it can be triggered. We'll talk 180 00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:57,760 Speaker 1: about like earthquakes and stuff like that, but in general, 181 00:10:57,880 --> 00:11:02,320 Speaker 1: it's the weathering down of objects. And I guess the 182 00:11:02,320 --> 00:11:06,359 Speaker 1: difference we should describe between weathering and erosion is erosion 183 00:11:06,559 --> 00:11:09,839 Speaker 1: is transporting the weather material and weathering is is the 184 00:11:09,880 --> 00:11:13,040 Speaker 1: actual wearing down of that material. So they're different. So 185 00:11:13,080 --> 00:11:16,959 Speaker 1: if you have a rock that's a nice, big solid piece, 186 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:20,439 Speaker 1: millions of years later, it's been weathered into a bunch 187 00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:25,800 Speaker 1: of soil, and then as as as it's lost its composition, 188 00:11:25,880 --> 00:11:27,920 Speaker 1: it can move more easily, and when it moves, it's 189 00:11:27,960 --> 00:11:33,600 Speaker 1: being eroded. So erosion is the is the process of movement. 190 00:11:34,120 --> 00:11:36,840 Speaker 1: The weathering is everything that leads up to that ability 191 00:11:36,880 --> 00:11:39,360 Speaker 1: for it to be moved. Yeah, and weathering is important 192 00:11:39,400 --> 00:11:43,480 Speaker 1: because it's your weathered landscape is going to be much 193 00:11:43,559 --> 00:11:47,000 Speaker 1: more likely the landslide um. That's why you'll see them 194 00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:49,839 Speaker 1: in more extreme environments where you get like tons of 195 00:11:49,920 --> 00:11:53,280 Speaker 1: rain or like a lot of snow maybe uh, heat, 196 00:11:53,559 --> 00:11:56,280 Speaker 1: cold water, and oxygen. Those are all things that impact 197 00:11:56,320 --> 00:11:59,600 Speaker 1: weathering cause weathering. And there's there's two types of weathering. 198 00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:03,120 Speaker 1: There's mechanical weathering and there's chemical weathering and mechanical weathering 199 00:12:03,240 --> 00:12:07,520 Speaker 1: is basically, um, the material is broken down, but it 200 00:12:08,080 --> 00:12:12,560 Speaker 1: retains its same chemical composition. Right it was, It's still 201 00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:15,319 Speaker 1: the rock, but it was broken down into smaller pieces 202 00:12:15,360 --> 00:12:18,880 Speaker 1: of itself, um, say by wind or something like that, 203 00:12:19,520 --> 00:12:22,640 Speaker 1: or water lapping against it. Now, if you had that 204 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:25,560 Speaker 1: pieces of those pieces of rock that were in water 205 00:12:25,640 --> 00:12:28,840 Speaker 1: that ultimately, over the course of years dissolved it, it 206 00:12:28,880 --> 00:12:32,080 Speaker 1: would be in solution and it would no longer chemically 207 00:12:32,480 --> 00:12:36,719 Speaker 1: resemble itself. That's chemical weathering. So like if you pour 208 00:12:36,840 --> 00:12:41,560 Speaker 1: acid on your hand, Uh, it's gonna reconstitute into something else. 209 00:12:41,600 --> 00:12:44,600 Speaker 1: On the other end, the whole that burns through it, 210 00:12:44,920 --> 00:12:46,800 Speaker 1: the stuff that ends up on the table is not 211 00:12:46,960 --> 00:12:49,280 Speaker 1: really the same thing as your hand. You just chemically 212 00:12:49,280 --> 00:12:54,800 Speaker 1: weathered your hand. That's a pretty extreme example. Um. And 213 00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:57,440 Speaker 1: then you talked about the constant state of movement on 214 00:12:57,480 --> 00:13:00,439 Speaker 1: the Earth that's going on at all times, and that's 215 00:13:00,480 --> 00:13:03,680 Speaker 1: basically if you're gonna have erosion, you're gonna have a 216 00:13:03,720 --> 00:13:07,000 Speaker 1: deposit somewhere, and it's just a constant cycle on the 217 00:13:07,040 --> 00:13:11,280 Speaker 1: earth of weathering carried away by erosion and being put 218 00:13:11,400 --> 00:13:17,240 Speaker 1: somewhere else. In in cases of landslides the bottom of hills. Yeah, 219 00:13:17,320 --> 00:13:20,720 Speaker 1: when we toward Guatemala, you Jerry and I and um 220 00:13:20,840 --> 00:13:24,720 Speaker 1: or I should say me, Um, we we're at the 221 00:13:24,720 --> 00:13:27,360 Speaker 1: site of a landslide that had happened. Um, I will 222 00:13:27,400 --> 00:13:30,120 Speaker 1: never forget. Yeah, and they you know, you could still 223 00:13:30,160 --> 00:13:35,160 Speaker 1: see in the sort of jungle like forest the swath 224 00:13:35,240 --> 00:13:37,280 Speaker 1: that had been cut through years earlier, because all the 225 00:13:37,320 --> 00:13:40,360 Speaker 1: stuff on either side was old growth and then the 226 00:13:40,400 --> 00:13:44,160 Speaker 1: stuff through the landslide slow was Yeah, it was like 227 00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:47,319 Speaker 1: it was much younger, Yeah, shorter, like a different kind 228 00:13:47,320 --> 00:13:49,720 Speaker 1: of green as well. And they pointed out that we 229 00:13:49,720 --> 00:13:53,200 Speaker 1: were like twelve feet higher than uh basically standing on 230 00:13:54,280 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 1: uh yeah, the old village they were unable to recover 231 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:02,680 Speaker 1: about two deep people. It was really upsetting. Yeah, and 232 00:14:02,720 --> 00:14:06,440 Speaker 1: I remember their children were running around, all these orphan children, Um, 233 00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:08,920 Speaker 1: like they are just kind of they belong to the 234 00:14:09,360 --> 00:14:13,360 Speaker 1: remaining village. Now. It was really something else. Well. Yeah, 235 00:14:13,360 --> 00:14:15,080 Speaker 1: and just when they said, like, you're like twelve feet 236 00:14:15,160 --> 00:14:18,880 Speaker 1: higher than just the whole land raised up because of 237 00:14:18,960 --> 00:14:20,760 Speaker 1: this month's line. It was one of those ones that 238 00:14:20,840 --> 00:14:22,160 Speaker 1: like you just kind of chewed on for a little 239 00:14:22,160 --> 00:14:25,040 Speaker 1: while before you finally understood, like the full gravity of it, 240 00:14:25,080 --> 00:14:27,040 Speaker 1: even though like while while I was standing there, I 241 00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:29,120 Speaker 1: was like, oh this is nuts. Yea. Then the more 242 00:14:29,280 --> 00:14:33,000 Speaker 1: I thought about it, think none of your got uh 243 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:36,680 Speaker 1: So the sediment, Um, we we talked about the deposition 244 00:14:36,720 --> 00:14:39,040 Speaker 1: at the bottom of the hill. The sediment is known 245 00:14:39,080 --> 00:14:42,080 Speaker 1: as talus, right, let's the official word for it when 246 00:14:42,120 --> 00:14:44,960 Speaker 1: when it's from a landslide. Yeah, yeah, that's what's being 247 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,240 Speaker 1: carried down. And um, with erosion, there are five different 248 00:14:48,240 --> 00:14:51,080 Speaker 1: things that can act on it, which are water, which 249 00:14:51,080 --> 00:14:54,160 Speaker 1: we've covered in wind and then gravity of course which 250 00:14:54,160 --> 00:14:56,840 Speaker 1: we mentioned, and then waves and glaciers too. And technically 251 00:14:56,880 --> 00:14:59,640 Speaker 1: gravity is a part of all of them, right, Yeah, 252 00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:02,800 Speaker 1: that's true, a part of all mass movement. But um, 253 00:15:03,640 --> 00:15:07,080 Speaker 1: those five agents of erosion, there are different things that 254 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:12,560 Speaker 1: can trigger a landslide or a mass movement. Um. And and 255 00:15:12,320 --> 00:15:14,280 Speaker 1: and really, if you think about it, all a mass 256 00:15:14,320 --> 00:15:18,600 Speaker 1: movement is like a landslide, it's just erosion in at 257 00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:22,200 Speaker 1: high speed. Sudden and high speed erosion is is basically 258 00:15:22,200 --> 00:15:25,520 Speaker 1: what that is. Rather than taking millions of years to 259 00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:28,120 Speaker 1: move from here to there through wind or waves or whatever, 260 00:15:28,600 --> 00:15:31,400 Speaker 1: it's just happens in a moment, and it happens on 261 00:15:31,560 --> 00:15:33,960 Speaker 1: mass all right, So you mentioned the triggers. We will 262 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:40,280 Speaker 1: cover those right after this message break. All right, So 263 00:15:40,480 --> 00:15:44,000 Speaker 1: we mentioned triggers. Uh, the landslide always has to have 264 00:15:44,040 --> 00:15:45,800 Speaker 1: a trigger, that has to be something to actually set 265 00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:48,920 Speaker 1: it off. Even though it maybe years and years in 266 00:15:48,920 --> 00:15:53,920 Speaker 1: the making, something finally pushes that button to make it happen. Um. 267 00:15:53,520 --> 00:15:59,320 Speaker 1: It forces gravity to overcome friction. That's right. One of 268 00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:01,720 Speaker 1: the things that we mentioned already in the case of 269 00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:06,280 Speaker 1: Washington was water, and that is probably the most common 270 00:16:06,680 --> 00:16:10,120 Speaker 1: heavy rainfall I know in California and Los Angeles. When 271 00:16:10,160 --> 00:16:13,000 Speaker 1: you see houses slipping off the hill in Malibu just 272 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:14,360 Speaker 1: because they don't get a lot of rain, and when 273 00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:17,200 Speaker 1: they do, things like that happen. Yeah, And it's either 274 00:16:17,360 --> 00:16:19,920 Speaker 1: water saturating the ground and just making it so heavy 275 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:24,320 Speaker 1: that it flows downward, or it gets down in between 276 00:16:24,400 --> 00:16:27,400 Speaker 1: the soil and the bedrock and just causes the whole 277 00:16:27,400 --> 00:16:32,280 Speaker 1: thing to undermines everything. Either way, water equals a lot 278 00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:37,400 Speaker 1: of movement. Earthquakes that can definitely trigger a landslide. Um. 279 00:16:37,520 --> 00:16:39,280 Speaker 1: We've covered earthquakes. You should go listen to that show 280 00:16:39,280 --> 00:16:41,080 Speaker 1: if you have, and it's a good one. But you've 281 00:16:41,120 --> 00:16:44,040 Speaker 1: got the vibrating of the Earth's crust, and that UM 282 00:16:44,320 --> 00:16:47,520 Speaker 1: is going to disrupt that friction pretty easily. Another big 283 00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:50,240 Speaker 1: one is wildfires, which you would think, well, how would 284 00:16:50,240 --> 00:16:54,360 Speaker 1: a wildfire trigger that. I'll tell you how UM. Vegetation, 285 00:16:54,480 --> 00:16:58,800 Speaker 1: the roots of vegetation can lock soil into basically a 286 00:16:58,920 --> 00:17:02,840 Speaker 1: totally solid, cemented state, and as long as you have 287 00:17:03,040 --> 00:17:06,560 Speaker 1: thick vegetation on a slope, it's gonna be fairly stable. 288 00:17:06,840 --> 00:17:09,200 Speaker 1: When a fire comes through burns out all the vegetation, 289 00:17:09,280 --> 00:17:12,920 Speaker 1: it often burns the roots as well, leaving not only 290 00:17:13,280 --> 00:17:16,720 Speaker 1: less stable soil, but actual pockets in that soil too. 291 00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:19,240 Speaker 1: So now it's kind of pebbled, which makes it a 292 00:17:19,240 --> 00:17:22,680 Speaker 1: lot more vulnerable to landslides after a wildfire. Yeah, I 293 00:17:22,720 --> 00:17:24,760 Speaker 1: would I'm just guessing here, but I would guess a 294 00:17:25,119 --> 00:17:29,520 Speaker 1: landslide could happen like even long after wildfire, Like if 295 00:17:29,520 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 1: those roots die away, it would just become even less stable. Uh. 296 00:17:33,040 --> 00:17:37,119 Speaker 1: And then volcanoes. Uh. Volcanic action is a big cause. 297 00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:40,840 Speaker 1: And there are a couple of um different kinds of 298 00:17:40,880 --> 00:17:44,720 Speaker 1: flows that can contribute to a landslide from a volcano. 299 00:17:45,119 --> 00:17:49,439 Speaker 1: When it's called a pyroclastic flow, and that is after 300 00:17:49,720 --> 00:17:53,480 Speaker 1: your dome has collapsed or during interruption, and these are 301 00:17:53,800 --> 00:17:56,520 Speaker 1: super high speed. They've clocked him at four hundred and 302 00:17:56,520 --> 00:18:02,520 Speaker 1: fifty degrees fahrenheit Alva flowing at you at four. I 303 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:06,639 Speaker 1: can't even imagine that, Like, can you imagine seven twenty 304 00:18:06,720 --> 00:18:11,359 Speaker 1: four kilometers per hour? That's easier. Well, there you go. 305 00:18:11,520 --> 00:18:14,720 Speaker 1: Then you just imagine four. Yeah, but I mean I 306 00:18:14,720 --> 00:18:17,199 Speaker 1: don't even know what that looks like, you know, or 307 00:18:18,240 --> 00:18:22,120 Speaker 1: de yeah, exactly. Uh. And then they are something called 308 00:18:22,119 --> 00:18:26,000 Speaker 1: a lahar, which is an Indonesian word. And this isn't 309 00:18:26,200 --> 00:18:29,000 Speaker 1: uh doesn't have to be during interruption, but it can be. 310 00:18:29,840 --> 00:18:32,840 Speaker 1: And it is set off by water as well. Um, 311 00:18:33,160 --> 00:18:36,520 Speaker 1: it's almost always near something called a stratovolcano, which are 312 00:18:36,560 --> 00:18:39,600 Speaker 1: like super steep cones, and a lot of times there's 313 00:18:39,640 --> 00:18:42,040 Speaker 1: either a crater lake or it's snow capped up top, 314 00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:46,160 Speaker 1: and so that's the water agent. A lot of times 315 00:18:46,160 --> 00:18:47,840 Speaker 1: it's the snow and it it sort of looks like 316 00:18:47,880 --> 00:18:51,040 Speaker 1: wet concrete flowing downhill. Yeah. And it may or may 317 00:18:51,080 --> 00:18:54,280 Speaker 1: not be set off during an actual volcanic eruption. It 318 00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:57,639 Speaker 1: can happen anytime. Yeah, and it's it's much slower, you know, 319 00:18:58,720 --> 00:19:01,000 Speaker 1: an hour, but still if you're in a golf cart, 320 00:19:01,040 --> 00:19:05,160 Speaker 1: you're dead. Yeah, that's a good point. Uh. And while 321 00:19:05,200 --> 00:19:07,640 Speaker 1: it's not fast, it has um a lot more rock, 322 00:19:07,880 --> 00:19:12,359 Speaker 1: So it is one of the deadliest lahar is, I 323 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:14,840 Speaker 1: think because of just the sheer like you can carry 324 00:19:14,840 --> 00:19:17,240 Speaker 1: like a big boulder. Yes, in the middle of that 325 00:19:17,280 --> 00:19:21,480 Speaker 1: wet concrete, plus of volcano also. Um, it's just it's 326 00:19:21,640 --> 00:19:25,280 Speaker 1: not very stable because the composition of it is usually 327 00:19:25,320 --> 00:19:28,640 Speaker 1: pretty loose rocky soil. So yeah, if you had water, 328 00:19:28,680 --> 00:19:32,960 Speaker 1: it immediately turns the slurry um. And when they erupt, 329 00:19:33,359 --> 00:19:36,120 Speaker 1: they tend to shake the ground a little bit, which 330 00:19:36,119 --> 00:19:42,240 Speaker 1: is what happened in the largest recorded landslide in Mount St. Helen's. 331 00:19:42,600 --> 00:19:46,480 Speaker 1: Everybody knows the eruption, but there was actually an attendant 332 00:19:46,600 --> 00:19:49,639 Speaker 1: landslide that's on YouTube you can check out. As a 333 00:19:49,640 --> 00:19:52,760 Speaker 1: matter of fact, Um, we're putting a post up of 334 00:19:53,000 --> 00:19:57,000 Speaker 1: just amazing landslide footage that you can check out on 335 00:19:57,040 --> 00:19:59,119 Speaker 1: our website. Um, just go to stuff you Should Know 336 00:19:59,160 --> 00:20:01,560 Speaker 1: dot com and check out that post. There's just a 337 00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:04,639 Speaker 1: just some crazy stuff that people just happened to be 338 00:20:04,680 --> 00:20:09,320 Speaker 1: filming and all of a sudden, the earth changes right 339 00:20:09,359 --> 00:20:11,880 Speaker 1: before your eyes. And one of them is this Mount St. 340 00:20:11,880 --> 00:20:15,399 Speaker 1: Helen's eruption where just the whole mountain is basically just 341 00:20:15,640 --> 00:20:19,679 Speaker 1: melting in front of you. I remember that one, do you? Oh? Yeah, 342 00:20:19,680 --> 00:20:22,720 Speaker 1: that was only four Yeah, I was nine, So it 343 00:20:22,800 --> 00:20:26,600 Speaker 1: was on my radar that one traveled at speeds of 344 00:20:26,600 --> 00:20:30,919 Speaker 1: a hundred and fifty miles and again Washington State, not 345 00:20:30,960 --> 00:20:35,119 Speaker 1: getting a break, destroyed twenty seven bridges, about two hundred homes, 346 00:20:35,600 --> 00:20:39,760 Speaker 1: miles and miles of road, and covered three square miles 347 00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:44,560 Speaker 1: with debris. Yeah, that was a Mount St. Helens. Well, 348 00:20:44,600 --> 00:20:47,280 Speaker 1: you know it was the landslide. Another another frequent hazard 349 00:20:47,440 --> 00:20:51,000 Speaker 1: associated with landslides is you think about it, Um, when 350 00:20:51,040 --> 00:20:53,360 Speaker 1: all of this earth is coming down, it's coming downward 351 00:20:54,320 --> 00:20:57,480 Speaker 1: into a lower space, which is very frequently a valley, 352 00:20:57,520 --> 00:21:00,679 Speaker 1: which is very frequently a river valley, which means that 353 00:21:00,760 --> 00:21:04,520 Speaker 1: the river's damn now, so it's flooding behind it. Yeah. Right, 354 00:21:04,560 --> 00:21:07,840 Speaker 1: so you have a flood, a flood hazard immediately, and 355 00:21:07,880 --> 00:21:12,040 Speaker 1: then if that river or if that damn breaks, then 356 00:21:12,080 --> 00:21:14,600 Speaker 1: you have another flood hazard down river all of a 357 00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:18,119 Speaker 1: sudden two, which is something that's going on in Washington 358 00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:20,919 Speaker 1: right now. Yeah, the same thing happened, and um, I 359 00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:24,159 Speaker 1: think it's the most expensive landslide in US history in 360 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:29,280 Speaker 1: Thistle Utah uh in night, the same thing happened there. 361 00:21:29,359 --> 00:21:33,399 Speaker 1: It damned up the Spanish Fork River and caused like 362 00:21:33,520 --> 00:21:36,600 Speaker 1: much more problems just because of the flooding. And that 363 00:21:36,680 --> 00:21:40,240 Speaker 1: was two hundred million dollar fix in ninety four dollars. 364 00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:43,639 Speaker 1: And that was even when Reagan was in office. So 365 00:21:43,680 --> 00:21:48,160 Speaker 1: it's not too much different from the two thousand uh. 366 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:50,919 Speaker 1: The submarine landslide we should probably talk about that is 367 00:21:51,400 --> 00:21:55,800 Speaker 1: in the ocean, and that is you can you can 368 00:21:55,840 --> 00:22:01,240 Speaker 1: have an earthquake under the ocean triggering a landslide underwater 369 00:22:01,359 --> 00:22:04,840 Speaker 1: which will trigger a tsunami. Yeah, I can a one 370 00:22:04,880 --> 00:22:09,360 Speaker 1: to three punch basically of natural disasters happening all in concert. 371 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:12,240 Speaker 1: Um that and then actually I don't know if this 372 00:22:12,359 --> 00:22:17,160 Speaker 1: really technically counts, but it's seeing that um little bit 373 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:22,960 Speaker 1: triggered a memory of the Lake Pinier disaster in Louisiana. 374 00:22:23,080 --> 00:22:27,879 Speaker 1: In Texico, was drilling in Lake Pinier and apparently they 375 00:22:27,880 --> 00:22:30,520 Speaker 1: didn't consult the map closely enough, and they were using 376 00:22:30,520 --> 00:22:35,320 Speaker 1: a fourteen inch diameter drill, and they drilled into the 377 00:22:35,400 --> 00:22:38,440 Speaker 1: lake bottom, which was on top of a salt mine, 378 00:22:38,960 --> 00:22:43,359 Speaker 1: and they drilled into an operational salt mine, and the 379 00:22:43,520 --> 00:22:47,480 Speaker 1: lake got sucked into the hole in the giant whirlpool. 380 00:22:48,280 --> 00:22:51,520 Speaker 1: Um that took about like thirty to fifty of the 381 00:22:51,560 --> 00:22:54,879 Speaker 1: surrounding acreage around the lake in into the lake with it. 382 00:22:55,560 --> 00:23:00,000 Speaker 1: Eleven barges were sucked in the um flow of water reverse, 383 00:23:00,119 --> 00:23:03,080 Speaker 1: so it went from freshwater to saltwater. It sucked the 384 00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:06,120 Speaker 1: gulf into it for a second, and then a couple 385 00:23:06,119 --> 00:23:08,520 Speaker 1: of days later after they were like four hundred foot 386 00:23:08,560 --> 00:23:11,080 Speaker 1: geysers as like these shafts were filling with water and 387 00:23:11,119 --> 00:23:15,080 Speaker 1: the air was being displaced, and um, a couple of 388 00:23:15,119 --> 00:23:18,240 Speaker 1: days later, after the water pressure stabilized, like nine of 389 00:23:18,280 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: the bar just popped back up and like went back 390 00:23:20,600 --> 00:23:23,560 Speaker 1: to floating after being sucked down into this diamond mine. 391 00:23:23,560 --> 00:23:27,320 Speaker 1: It's crazy and then nuts and apparently there's footage of it. 392 00:23:27,320 --> 00:23:30,360 Speaker 1: It's it's awesome. It's like just the most amazing thing. 393 00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:33,920 Speaker 1: I guess more amazing than that is no one died. Yeah, 394 00:23:33,960 --> 00:23:36,600 Speaker 1: there was one guy on the lake who was operating 395 00:23:36,640 --> 00:23:39,280 Speaker 1: the drill. He got all and then there was a 396 00:23:39,280 --> 00:23:41,760 Speaker 1: guy fishing on the lake and he zoomed his boat 397 00:23:42,160 --> 00:23:44,760 Speaker 1: to shore and made it like win far enough that 398 00:23:44,840 --> 00:23:48,120 Speaker 1: he made it, but I think three dogs died Lake 399 00:23:48,200 --> 00:23:51,159 Speaker 1: Pen your p e I G N e U R 400 00:23:51,400 --> 00:23:53,800 Speaker 1: disaster check it out. I was all excited and then 401 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:59,560 Speaker 1: the yea, um, man, that's crazy. But there had to 402 00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:02,280 Speaker 1: be some of erosion going on there, and technically it 403 00:24:02,359 --> 00:24:07,280 Speaker 1: was submarine erosion. Um. The most deadly UH landslide in 404 00:24:07,480 --> 00:24:11,280 Speaker 1: the history of the world is was a nineteen twenty 405 00:24:11,440 --> 00:24:14,879 Speaker 1: in China, December of nineteen twenty. It was triggered by 406 00:24:14,880 --> 00:24:19,320 Speaker 1: an earthquake and as many as two hundred thousand people 407 00:24:19,320 --> 00:24:21,520 Speaker 1: died in that holy and some of that was from 408 00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:23,919 Speaker 1: the earthquake, but they said the landslide was responsible for 409 00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:26,840 Speaker 1: most of the deaths. Yeah. Like I said, in the US, 410 00:24:26,880 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: it's like twenty five to thirty five deaths a year. Worldwide, 411 00:24:29,760 --> 00:24:34,000 Speaker 1: it's more like four thousand, and then on on years 412 00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:36,919 Speaker 1: where there's terrible earthquakes, it will go up into the 413 00:24:36,960 --> 00:24:39,960 Speaker 1: tens of thousands um. And then there was there was 414 00:24:40,040 --> 00:24:42,159 Speaker 1: a munths like for there was a mud slide in 415 00:24:42,320 --> 00:24:46,679 Speaker 1: nine in Vargus, state of Venezuela that killed like thirty 416 00:24:46,680 --> 00:24:49,199 Speaker 1: thousand people. It just covered a bunch of towns like 417 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:52,000 Speaker 1: all at once. It was a mud slide or mud flow. 418 00:24:52,080 --> 00:24:55,439 Speaker 1: I guess. Well. One thing I thought was interesting was 419 00:24:55,480 --> 00:24:57,560 Speaker 1: that um and I think Jennifer points us out early 420 00:24:57,600 --> 00:25:00,199 Speaker 1: in the article that while in the state so we 421 00:25:00,200 --> 00:25:03,640 Speaker 1: don't see a lot of uh deaths from landslides each year, 422 00:25:03,960 --> 00:25:09,480 Speaker 1: they're the most expensive natural disaster over I think tornadoes, 423 00:25:09,520 --> 00:25:13,920 Speaker 1: earthquakes combined in this country. And if you will consult 424 00:25:13,960 --> 00:25:18,240 Speaker 1: your homeowners insurance, you will almost definitely find that the 425 00:25:18,359 --> 00:25:22,480 Speaker 1: landslides are not covered. Yeah. Noope, Well, I guess we 426 00:25:22,480 --> 00:25:25,240 Speaker 1: should get to the point then that or is it us? 427 00:25:25,400 --> 00:25:31,160 Speaker 1: Is it humans that are causing these things? Yes? Always, 428 00:25:31,160 --> 00:25:33,760 Speaker 1: not always. No. Animals can cause it, like a goat 429 00:25:33,800 --> 00:25:37,880 Speaker 1: can cause a landslide if it really is unsure footed. 430 00:25:38,520 --> 00:25:43,400 Speaker 1: But goats don't blast mountain tops with dynamite, that's one. Yeah. 431 00:25:43,520 --> 00:25:47,640 Speaker 1: They don't DeForest. Yeah, deforestation is a big problem road 432 00:25:47,720 --> 00:25:49,919 Speaker 1: building and through the mountains. Yeah, because think about it, 433 00:25:49,960 --> 00:25:52,560 Speaker 1: when you have a mountain and you cut a road 434 00:25:52,600 --> 00:25:54,520 Speaker 1: through it, all of a sudden, what was once a 435 00:25:54,560 --> 00:25:58,320 Speaker 1: relatively gentle slope are now too steep slopes on either 436 00:25:58,359 --> 00:26:00,879 Speaker 1: side just aiming right at the road. Well, yeah, and 437 00:26:00,920 --> 00:26:03,080 Speaker 1: I think everyone's probably driven on mountain roads where they 438 00:26:03,119 --> 00:26:07,040 Speaker 1: either have uh, chain link fencing on the side of it, 439 00:26:07,080 --> 00:26:11,040 Speaker 1: which is scary enough, or I guess it's even scarier 440 00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:13,400 Speaker 1: when they don't have fencing, but they have signs that say, 441 00:26:13,800 --> 00:26:18,480 Speaker 1: you know, watch out for falling rocks. Are good luck pal? Yeah. Um, 442 00:26:18,960 --> 00:26:22,080 Speaker 1: there are things that people are doing though. When they 443 00:26:22,440 --> 00:26:26,119 Speaker 1: do build roads, they sometimes we'll put in drainage pipes 444 00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:31,240 Speaker 1: to carry away water, which helps h in permeable membranes 445 00:26:31,280 --> 00:26:34,560 Speaker 1: like plastic cheating. Yeah, so it can't trickle down. Yeah, 446 00:26:34,600 --> 00:26:39,960 Speaker 1: retaining walls and reforestation. So if you're gonna clear cut 447 00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:43,200 Speaker 1: an area, if you're gonna harvest timber, maybe go back 448 00:26:43,240 --> 00:26:47,800 Speaker 1: in there and try and reforest plant something. Yeah, you 449 00:26:47,920 --> 00:26:52,240 Speaker 1: know ructure. I can't believe that that's not a law 450 00:26:53,160 --> 00:26:56,119 Speaker 1: that if you take X number of trees down, you 451 00:26:56,200 --> 00:26:58,359 Speaker 1: have to plant X number of trees and the number 452 00:26:58,359 --> 00:27:00,800 Speaker 1: you plant should be more than the number you Is 453 00:27:00,840 --> 00:27:03,280 Speaker 1: that not a law? I'm I'm quite sure it's not. 454 00:27:04,119 --> 00:27:07,760 Speaker 1: We can't even get black box recorders ejected for an 455 00:27:07,760 --> 00:27:11,240 Speaker 1: extra like fifty bucks a plane, remember I remember, there's 456 00:27:11,280 --> 00:27:13,639 Speaker 1: no law for that. Hey. But here in Georgia we 457 00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:17,040 Speaker 1: just passed the law where you can bring guns into 458 00:27:17,119 --> 00:27:20,080 Speaker 1: churches and uh, bars, oh, I thought you were gonna 459 00:27:20,119 --> 00:27:24,200 Speaker 1: say that. I'm actually rejoicing for another law. I don't 460 00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:25,560 Speaker 1: know if it was signed in the law or if 461 00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:27,800 Speaker 1: the House passed it and it's on its way. It 462 00:27:27,960 --> 00:27:31,560 Speaker 1: is now a crime to drive slow in the fast lane, 463 00:27:33,760 --> 00:27:35,680 Speaker 1: or it will soon be when they passed this law. 464 00:27:36,080 --> 00:27:39,480 Speaker 1: Give me some parameters, you know, called the slow poke bill. Okay, 465 00:27:39,560 --> 00:27:42,080 Speaker 1: And if you are impeding the flow of traffic, not 466 00:27:42,240 --> 00:27:46,240 Speaker 1: even if you're going under fifty five or under forty five. 467 00:27:46,800 --> 00:27:50,160 Speaker 1: They're so aware that Georgia drives fast that they say, 468 00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:52,800 Speaker 1: if you're impeding the flow of traffic, even if other 469 00:27:52,840 --> 00:27:55,280 Speaker 1: people are breaking the law and you're going the speed limit, 470 00:27:55,880 --> 00:27:58,000 Speaker 1: you are breaking the law by being a slow poke 471 00:27:58,080 --> 00:28:00,360 Speaker 1: in the fast lane, which is the most glorious law 472 00:28:00,520 --> 00:28:04,320 Speaker 1: any any city or state has ever come up with. Well, 473 00:28:04,880 --> 00:28:07,800 Speaker 1: if he states, right, if you go to Europe, the 474 00:28:08,320 --> 00:28:10,400 Speaker 1: left lane is just for passing, Like, you shouldn't even 475 00:28:10,440 --> 00:28:12,840 Speaker 1: be traveling in the left lane. Right, it's supposed to 476 00:28:12,840 --> 00:28:15,840 Speaker 1: be you go around someone and then you stay out 477 00:28:15,840 --> 00:28:18,520 Speaker 1: of it. It's supposed to be that way here too. Boy, 478 00:28:18,520 --> 00:28:21,359 Speaker 1: it ain't no. But if you got the chops, you 479 00:28:21,400 --> 00:28:23,200 Speaker 1: can travel in the fast lane, as long as you're 480 00:28:23,200 --> 00:28:25,880 Speaker 1: not holding people up, the ones that are really like 481 00:28:26,200 --> 00:28:28,040 Speaker 1: you need to go to jail, or ones that are 482 00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:31,680 Speaker 1: just knowingly or like I'm driving the speed limit so right, 483 00:28:31,760 --> 00:28:34,520 Speaker 1: you don't own the road. It's like, well, there's ten 484 00:28:34,600 --> 00:28:37,639 Speaker 1: people behind you that you're holding up, So you're the 485 00:28:37,640 --> 00:28:39,760 Speaker 1: one who goes to jail. Now, in Georgia, that's gonna 486 00:28:39,760 --> 00:28:44,480 Speaker 1: be tough to enforce. It's totally subjective to I mean, 487 00:28:44,520 --> 00:28:47,320 Speaker 1: it's like a cop can It's totally up to the 488 00:28:47,360 --> 00:28:49,920 Speaker 1: cop to enforce or not. But yeah, it's still I 489 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:55,400 Speaker 1: just think it's a it's a grand gesture, agreed. Okay, So, 490 00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:59,400 Speaker 1: if you want to learn more about landslides, you can 491 00:28:59,440 --> 00:29:02,000 Speaker 1: type that into the search bar at how stuff works 492 00:29:02,040 --> 00:29:04,600 Speaker 1: dot com. You should also check out geology dot com. 493 00:29:04,680 --> 00:29:07,320 Speaker 1: They have a really great UM page with lots of 494 00:29:07,360 --> 00:29:10,920 Speaker 1: different sub pages on land slides. Yeah, and if you're 495 00:29:10,960 --> 00:29:13,160 Speaker 1: in the area and have been impacted, we would love 496 00:29:13,160 --> 00:29:17,520 Speaker 1: to hear from you, for sure. We're thinking about you guys. Obviously. Um, 497 00:29:17,560 --> 00:29:20,959 Speaker 1: I think did we say search bar at any point? Yes, Well, 498 00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:24,600 Speaker 1: then that means it's time for listener mail. All right, 499 00:29:24,640 --> 00:29:28,120 Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this Um, possibly the Union bomber is 500 00:29:28,120 --> 00:29:30,800 Speaker 1: writing us. Hey, guys, I want to send out a 501 00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:33,600 Speaker 1: note from the Great North. I've been listening since my 502 00:29:33,600 --> 00:29:36,200 Speaker 1: buddy Adam played me the Lego podcast a few years ago, 503 00:29:36,880 --> 00:29:39,120 Speaker 1: and since then I've been a fairly regular listener, but 504 00:29:39,200 --> 00:29:42,280 Speaker 1: never more so than over the past few months, because 505 00:29:42,360 --> 00:29:45,800 Speaker 1: last spring I moved from Minneapolis to Juneau, Alaska for 506 00:29:46,000 --> 00:29:49,600 Speaker 1: job gardening at a public uh arboretum. It sounds like 507 00:29:49,640 --> 00:29:52,280 Speaker 1: a lovely job, by the way. I live in a 508 00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:54,760 Speaker 1: little shack in the woods near my work, about twenty 509 00:29:54,760 --> 00:29:56,880 Speaker 1: five miles out of town, about a half a mile 510 00:29:56,920 --> 00:29:59,800 Speaker 1: from my nearest neighbor, almost free of rent. Close b 511 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:03,240 Speaker 1: send me to work, and uniqueness of the situation is 512 00:30:03,280 --> 00:30:05,280 Speaker 1: what drew me to it. I have no internet, I 513 00:30:05,280 --> 00:30:08,760 Speaker 1: have no cell phone service, so UM, every time I 514 00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:11,000 Speaker 1: head into town, I stopped by the library or coffee 515 00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:14,560 Speaker 1: shop and download more of your podcasts. UH new stuff 516 00:30:14,560 --> 00:30:16,440 Speaker 1: and oldies, but goodies that are still new to me. 517 00:30:17,320 --> 00:30:19,160 Speaker 1: I have gotten into the habit of listening to you 518 00:30:19,160 --> 00:30:22,520 Speaker 1: guys most evenings while making or eating dinner. I know 519 00:30:22,600 --> 00:30:24,959 Speaker 1: some people in our town, but in the interest of 520 00:30:25,040 --> 00:30:28,000 Speaker 1: using less gasoline and sparing my more or less meager 521 00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:30,920 Speaker 1: bank account. I spend the majority of my nights out 522 00:30:30,960 --> 00:30:35,080 Speaker 1: here alone. Whenever I do go into town um or 523 00:30:35,160 --> 00:30:36,520 Speaker 1: one of my friends make their way out here, I 524 00:30:36,520 --> 00:30:39,600 Speaker 1: tell them about whatever I've learned from you guys. Listening 525 00:30:39,640 --> 00:30:42,000 Speaker 1: to you banter and learning a lot of interesting new 526 00:30:42,000 --> 00:30:44,080 Speaker 1: things has definitely helped me keep my firm grip on 527 00:30:44,120 --> 00:30:48,480 Speaker 1: my sanity. Uh. Winter is basically wrapping up here. It 528 00:30:48,600 --> 00:30:51,480 Speaker 1: was long and harsh. We had ninety six inches of 529 00:30:51,480 --> 00:30:58,960 Speaker 1: snow in December alone. I'm really looking forward to springing 530 00:30:58,960 --> 00:31:02,680 Speaker 1: summer when Alaska, to life with tourist seasonal workers in 531 00:31:02,760 --> 00:31:05,560 Speaker 1: long sunny days. But I'll still find time to listen 532 00:31:05,600 --> 00:31:08,280 Speaker 1: to your good stuff, so keep it rolling. I am 533 00:31:08,280 --> 00:31:10,040 Speaker 1: happy I decided to live out here this past winter. 534 00:31:10,080 --> 00:31:12,680 Speaker 1: It's a beautiful spot and a good adventure, but would 535 00:31:12,680 --> 00:31:15,760 Speaker 1: have been a lot more difficult without the company of 536 00:31:15,800 --> 00:31:19,680 Speaker 1: you guys. You rule And that is from Will and 537 00:31:19,720 --> 00:31:21,760 Speaker 1: Will that sounds like my kind of life, buddy, I'd 538 00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:24,240 Speaker 1: love to do that. That is your Union bomb or esque. 539 00:31:24,720 --> 00:31:28,960 Speaker 1: I could sands the bombing. I could be the UNI bomber. Well, 540 00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:32,080 Speaker 1: I'm glad you're enjoying yourself. Will thank you for letting 541 00:31:32,160 --> 00:31:35,320 Speaker 1: us know that we're helping you out out there. Um, 542 00:31:35,360 --> 00:31:37,560 Speaker 1: if you want to let us know that we're helping 543 00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:40,240 Speaker 1: you out, whether you live alone or are part of 544 00:31:40,240 --> 00:31:42,960 Speaker 1: a Brady Bunch or something like that, you can get 545 00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:44,600 Speaker 1: in touch with us. First of all, you can hang 546 00:31:44,600 --> 00:31:46,760 Speaker 1: out with us on social media. Look for s Y 547 00:31:46,880 --> 00:31:51,040 Speaker 1: s K podcast on things such as Pinterest, Instagram or 548 00:31:51,080 --> 00:31:54,680 Speaker 1: twitter feed Facebook. Yeah, we we are new to Pinterest 549 00:31:54,720 --> 00:31:57,400 Speaker 1: in Instagram, so we'd love for you guys to check 550 00:31:57,480 --> 00:32:00,280 Speaker 1: us out there, and it's very entertaining. It's been fun, 551 00:32:00,480 --> 00:32:03,160 Speaker 1: and you can send us an email to Stuff Podcasts 552 00:32:03,160 --> 00:32:05,280 Speaker 1: at Discovery dot com and you can find all of 553 00:32:05,280 --> 00:32:08,040 Speaker 1: our information and all sorts of great stuff at our 554 00:32:08,080 --> 00:32:15,920 Speaker 1: home on the web. Stuff you Should Know dot com 555 00:32:15,920 --> 00:32:18,360 Speaker 1: for more on this and thousands of other topics. Is 556 00:32:18,400 --> 00:32:26,520 Speaker 1: it how Stuff Works dot com