1 00:00:01,040 --> 00:00:04,480 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from house Stuff Works 2 00:00:04,480 --> 00:00:13,120 Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, 3 00:00:13,640 --> 00:00:17,000 Speaker 1: There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant. NOAs with us again and 4 00:00:17,120 --> 00:00:21,360 Speaker 1: it's another morning edition. Yeah, we got an email. I 5 00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:24,439 Speaker 1: think we had our last morning thing that session not 6 00:00:24,440 --> 00:00:26,480 Speaker 1: to want ago, and someone wrote down said, please don't 7 00:00:26,480 --> 00:00:28,440 Speaker 1: do that again. I didn't think it was that bad. 8 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:31,720 Speaker 1: You guys are clearly like really tired and not the same. 9 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:34,080 Speaker 1: So what I say is, if you have a choice, 10 00:00:34,320 --> 00:00:37,240 Speaker 1: is saved this one for the morning and just pretend 11 00:00:37,280 --> 00:00:40,440 Speaker 1: like where your local NPR station or a cup of 12 00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:44,400 Speaker 1: Joe like Josh is drinking. Yea, and yeah, it's all 13 00:00:44,479 --> 00:00:47,920 Speaker 1: so good and let's let's do this morning style. Let's 14 00:00:47,920 --> 00:00:53,720 Speaker 1: do it man, um, let's do this morning style in Italian. Yeah, 15 00:00:53,760 --> 00:00:55,880 Speaker 1: this is gonna be a fan favorite, I predict because 16 00:00:55,880 --> 00:00:59,480 Speaker 1: there's some Italian pronunciations that I'm sure you will do 17 00:00:59,600 --> 00:01:01,920 Speaker 1: for every buddy. Right, I'm gonna do it. My best 18 00:01:02,760 --> 00:01:05,399 Speaker 1: was good, good little taste of it. Yes, that's one 19 00:01:05,440 --> 00:01:08,280 Speaker 1: of the accidents you can have a great time with 20 00:01:08,280 --> 00:01:13,560 Speaker 1: without people saying that you're offensive. That's a T shirt. Yeah, 21 00:01:14,120 --> 00:01:19,720 Speaker 1: so Chuck you heard about them sea levels yeah and fallen. Yeah, 22 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:24,240 Speaker 1: due to climate change. I'm saying, well, it's climate change. 23 00:01:24,319 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: To the big bone of contention is whether it's human 24 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:34,000 Speaker 1: cause or anthropogenic. Uh. The thing is there are there, 25 00:01:34,040 --> 00:01:37,640 Speaker 1: It is undeniable. The sea levels are rising at a 26 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:41,240 Speaker 1: rate of about three millimeters a year, which doesn't sound 27 00:01:41,240 --> 00:01:44,240 Speaker 1: like much, But buddy, if you live for a thousand years, 28 00:01:44,760 --> 00:01:47,680 Speaker 1: you'd see the sea levels rise by three meters, which 29 00:01:47,760 --> 00:01:51,040 Speaker 1: is almost ten ft in America. Yeah, not the biggest 30 00:01:51,080 --> 00:01:55,160 Speaker 1: deal in some parts of the world. Big deal in Venice. Yeah. 31 00:01:55,240 --> 00:01:57,360 Speaker 1: And you know, if you're waiting a thousand years to 32 00:01:57,400 --> 00:02:00,320 Speaker 1: watch it rise three meters, that's the current rate of 33 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:05,320 Speaker 1: sea level rise, it could speed up tremendously. And while 34 00:02:05,400 --> 00:02:09,959 Speaker 1: three millimeters might not sound that much to you out 35 00:02:09,960 --> 00:02:14,119 Speaker 1: in the Rockies, yeah, because it's nice and dry there 36 00:02:14,280 --> 00:02:17,360 Speaker 1: in the middle of the mountain. They're all stoned, right, Yeah, 37 00:02:17,360 --> 00:02:20,320 Speaker 1: because it's legal there. Who cares. If you're in a 38 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:24,800 Speaker 1: place like um, the Maldives, you're saying, wow, my country 39 00:02:24,880 --> 00:02:27,280 Speaker 1: is probably not going to exist in the next like 40 00:02:27,320 --> 00:02:31,200 Speaker 1: twenty years. That's scary. If you're in New Orleans worried 41 00:02:31,200 --> 00:02:34,519 Speaker 1: about the same thing, and a little town known as Venice, 42 00:02:34,560 --> 00:02:38,320 Speaker 1: Italy is facing the same problem. It has been for 43 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:42,280 Speaker 1: a very long time. And you say little town, Uh, 44 00:02:42,480 --> 00:02:45,840 Speaker 1: it is getting smaller, not only physically, but the population 45 00:02:45,880 --> 00:02:49,400 Speaker 1: because Venice is such a mess, has declined down to 46 00:02:49,440 --> 00:02:53,240 Speaker 1: about sixty people now over the years from like a 47 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:56,640 Speaker 1: hundred and eighty. Yes, because people are tired of everything wet. 48 00:02:57,320 --> 00:03:00,359 Speaker 1: They are they used to get wet um back in 49 00:03:01,240 --> 00:03:03,480 Speaker 1: they would get wet about ten times a year due 50 00:03:03,520 --> 00:03:07,120 Speaker 1: to flooding. They could expect ten noteworthy floods a year. 51 00:03:07,360 --> 00:03:09,920 Speaker 1: And when we say noteworthy floods, we mean like the 52 00:03:10,200 --> 00:03:14,040 Speaker 1: squares in the throughout the city or flooded up to 53 00:03:14,160 --> 00:03:16,680 Speaker 1: maybe your knees, kind of like the whole ground floor 54 00:03:16,720 --> 00:03:19,840 Speaker 1: of Venice. Yeah, it gets flooded like you're slogging around, 55 00:03:19,919 --> 00:03:22,040 Speaker 1: which I mean sounds kind of fun when you're a kid, 56 00:03:22,080 --> 00:03:25,000 Speaker 1: but it's not that fun, especially when you're an adult 57 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:29,480 Speaker 1: who maybe a germophobe. Because Venice has an antiquated sewer 58 00:03:29,520 --> 00:03:34,639 Speaker 1: system that's antiquated is the perfect word. Yeah, by antiquated, 59 00:03:34,680 --> 00:03:38,200 Speaker 1: we mean all of the um sewer pipes go right 60 00:03:38,240 --> 00:03:41,200 Speaker 1: out into the canals and they have along the um 61 00:03:41,280 --> 00:03:44,240 Speaker 1: along the years added like septic tanks to treat the 62 00:03:44,280 --> 00:03:48,320 Speaker 1: stuff first, but not everybody has those um and sometimes 63 00:03:48,320 --> 00:03:51,920 Speaker 1: they get backed up too. But the raw sewage or 64 00:03:52,280 --> 00:03:55,920 Speaker 1: septically treated sewage in Venice goes into those canals that 65 00:03:55,960 --> 00:04:00,440 Speaker 1: you float around in um boats. And when you're around 66 00:04:00,440 --> 00:04:03,840 Speaker 1: in the flood, like a tourist, you're swimming around in 67 00:04:04,440 --> 00:04:06,920 Speaker 1: fequal material. The tourist get in that water. There's a 68 00:04:06,960 --> 00:04:11,040 Speaker 1: picture of it um on a oh Man, I can't remember. 69 00:04:11,040 --> 00:04:14,440 Speaker 1: I think like a Bloomberg article about Venice or maybe wired. 70 00:04:14,680 --> 00:04:17,200 Speaker 1: But it's like, if you know about Venice, you'll think 71 00:04:17,200 --> 00:04:20,520 Speaker 1: these people are crazy for swimming in this flood water. 72 00:04:20,839 --> 00:04:22,839 Speaker 1: And it shows a couple of tourists like swimming in 73 00:04:22,839 --> 00:04:25,760 Speaker 1: a flood in the middle of the square, um the 74 00:04:25,839 --> 00:04:30,080 Speaker 1: San Marco, the San Marco Square. Yeah. Yeah, And now 75 00:04:30,080 --> 00:04:32,240 Speaker 1: that you know it's it's gross to see, they're like 76 00:04:32,360 --> 00:04:37,080 Speaker 1: it tastes briny and sort of ou mommy, right, why 77 00:04:37,120 --> 00:04:41,120 Speaker 1: are my lips swollen? Yeah, it's uh, it's That's one 78 00:04:41,200 --> 00:04:44,920 Speaker 1: of many many problems facing Venice right now. An antiquated 79 00:04:44,920 --> 00:04:48,080 Speaker 1: sewer system, and a lot of the problems are unique 80 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:51,760 Speaker 1: just because of the city and how it's created. Yeah, 81 00:04:51,800 --> 00:04:55,640 Speaker 1: let's talk about this, because Venice is not something I 82 00:04:55,720 --> 00:04:57,240 Speaker 1: knew a ton about. I knew it was on the water. 83 00:04:57,279 --> 00:04:59,400 Speaker 1: I knew it was sinking. Shout out by the way 84 00:04:59,440 --> 00:05:04,679 Speaker 1: to Venice is sinking Athens band and stuff. You should 85 00:05:04,720 --> 00:05:08,880 Speaker 1: know fans. Um, well, then I like them already, Yes, no, 86 00:05:09,120 --> 00:05:12,440 Speaker 1: you know those guys he does. In fact, no old 87 00:05:12,480 --> 00:05:16,479 Speaker 1: talks Jerry doesn't like. Oh yeah, yeah, they're great. He 88 00:05:16,560 --> 00:05:19,640 Speaker 1: launches into like a five minute discourse. Uh So I 89 00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:21,560 Speaker 1: knew a little bit about Venice, very little though I've 90 00:05:21,600 --> 00:05:24,560 Speaker 1: never been there. But when I watched this awesome video 91 00:05:24,640 --> 00:05:27,920 Speaker 1: that Josh found, Um, we should go ahead and plug 92 00:05:27,920 --> 00:05:30,920 Speaker 1: it because it's just super cool. Yeah. It's called um 93 00:05:31,120 --> 00:05:35,760 Speaker 1: Venice Backstage Period, how does Venice work? And it was 94 00:05:35,800 --> 00:05:39,479 Speaker 1: created by the Insula SPA, which is I guess the 95 00:05:39,520 --> 00:05:43,600 Speaker 1: production arm of the city of Venice. Yeah, so it's 96 00:05:43,640 --> 00:05:47,000 Speaker 1: like a locally produced video about Venice. But it's one 97 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:50,840 Speaker 1: of the most fascinating, like eighteen minute videos I've ever seen. Yeah, 98 00:05:50,880 --> 00:05:53,000 Speaker 1: I mean they pack a lot of learning into that 99 00:05:53,080 --> 00:05:56,240 Speaker 1: eighteen minutes. Um. So if you don't know much about Venice, 100 00:05:56,279 --> 00:05:58,400 Speaker 1: imagine if you do know something about New York City. 101 00:05:58,440 --> 00:06:01,880 Speaker 1: Imagine like the Greenwich Village. Uh. And I use Greenwich 102 00:06:01,960 --> 00:06:04,680 Speaker 1: Village because it's not on like the direct like north 103 00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:07,440 Speaker 1: southeast West Grida. They got all those crazy diagonal streets. 104 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:14,039 Speaker 1: Imagine if it's so hot right now. Yeah, um, imagine 105 00:06:14,080 --> 00:06:18,240 Speaker 1: Greenwage Village if every block was an island. And that's 106 00:06:18,320 --> 00:06:22,760 Speaker 1: essentially what Venice is. It is a hundred and twenty 107 00:06:23,080 --> 00:06:28,560 Speaker 1: four tiny little islands all packed together, and instead of streets, 108 00:06:28,640 --> 00:06:31,760 Speaker 1: you have water, a hudred and eighty three canals and 109 00:06:31,800 --> 00:06:35,080 Speaker 1: it's all connected by little foot bridges and real bridges. 110 00:06:35,920 --> 00:06:39,800 Speaker 1: Uh and yes, canals by boat. Yeah. I mean it's 111 00:06:39,839 --> 00:06:42,640 Speaker 1: crazy when you've never even seen like the big zoom 112 00:06:42,680 --> 00:06:46,000 Speaker 1: in from above bird's eye view of what Venice looks like. 113 00:06:46,040 --> 00:06:48,200 Speaker 1: And I was like, that's what's going on. Yeah, it's 114 00:06:48,240 --> 00:06:50,640 Speaker 1: crazy because I mean when, especially when you're in the city, 115 00:06:50,640 --> 00:06:53,320 Speaker 1: like you're walking over canals, but you don't give too 116 00:06:53,400 --> 00:06:56,039 Speaker 1: much thought to him. You're just like, oh, that's so quaint. Yeah, 117 00:06:56,240 --> 00:06:59,040 Speaker 1: you're almost thinking like they dug that out on purpose 118 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:03,200 Speaker 1: or something to get tourists. Now, those are necessity. It's 119 00:07:03,240 --> 00:07:06,400 Speaker 1: it's odd. It was an odd and different way for 120 00:07:06,440 --> 00:07:09,400 Speaker 1: a city. To form. They didn't start from a city 121 00:07:09,400 --> 00:07:13,440 Speaker 1: center and grow out. Each little block in section was 122 00:07:13,760 --> 00:07:15,920 Speaker 1: its own little thing. Yeah, it was kind of its 123 00:07:15,920 --> 00:07:19,280 Speaker 1: own little municipality. Um. And the reason that these people 124 00:07:19,280 --> 00:07:23,200 Speaker 1: set up shop hundreds and hundreds of years ago on 125 00:07:23,320 --> 00:07:26,720 Speaker 1: these islands was for for protection. Venice was a very 126 00:07:26,760 --> 00:07:31,760 Speaker 1: well protected municipality or cluster of municipalities. Right. Yeah. It 127 00:07:31,840 --> 00:07:36,280 Speaker 1: sits in a lagoon and there are three waterways that 128 00:07:37,080 --> 00:07:40,120 Speaker 1: flow water in and out every day, twice a day 129 00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:43,240 Speaker 1: with the tides. Yeah, the Adriatic flows in um to 130 00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:46,920 Speaker 1: the lagoon and uh brings it out, brings the water 131 00:07:46,960 --> 00:07:50,760 Speaker 1: back out at low tide, right yeah, yeah, high tide, 132 00:07:50,760 --> 00:07:52,840 Speaker 1: it brings water in low tide, it takes the water out, 133 00:07:52,880 --> 00:07:55,320 Speaker 1: which is why they're not that worried about their sewage 134 00:07:55,560 --> 00:07:59,480 Speaker 1: going into the canals because because the the water comes 135 00:07:59,480 --> 00:08:01,440 Speaker 1: in and kind of brings all the trash out to 136 00:08:01,480 --> 00:08:03,840 Speaker 1: the sea and then no one sees it. It's the 137 00:08:03,880 --> 00:08:06,520 Speaker 1: self a flushing system. Yeah, well, I mean it pretty 138 00:08:06,600 --> 00:08:08,840 Speaker 1: much is. So that's how they've been able to put 139 00:08:08,920 --> 00:08:12,440 Speaker 1: up with that for so long because twice a day, um, 140 00:08:12,520 --> 00:08:15,680 Speaker 1: the waters exchange, there's there is a big exchange to it. 141 00:08:15,720 --> 00:08:19,680 Speaker 1: The problem is when that water comes in, especially when 142 00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:24,440 Speaker 1: you include sea level rises and now up to six 143 00:08:24,480 --> 00:08:27,560 Speaker 1: times more flooding per year. Remember it was like ten 144 00:08:27,640 --> 00:08:33,160 Speaker 1: times a year and now that's up to about sixty floods. Um, 145 00:08:33,800 --> 00:08:36,440 Speaker 1: you have kind of a problem. Now you've got the 146 00:08:36,760 --> 00:08:40,680 Speaker 1: You have a sinking city essentially, is what it's what 147 00:08:40,800 --> 00:08:43,520 Speaker 1: it amounts to. Yeah, I mean it's it's two things. 148 00:08:43,640 --> 00:08:48,920 Speaker 1: It's the water rises in Venice itself. The buildings are sinking. 149 00:08:48,960 --> 00:08:51,920 Speaker 1: So those are two bad things that go, you know, 150 00:08:52,520 --> 00:08:55,400 Speaker 1: that don't taste great together. The reason that sinking is 151 00:08:55,440 --> 00:09:00,679 Speaker 1: because they extract freshwater from beneath the city, right, Yeah, 152 00:09:00,880 --> 00:09:05,840 Speaker 1: so there's less of a solid foundation now and um 153 00:09:05,960 --> 00:09:10,200 Speaker 1: there's also drilling nearby, like for natural gas or um 154 00:09:10,240 --> 00:09:15,720 Speaker 1: fossil fuels, and uh, it's also just a roading well, yeah, 155 00:09:15,720 --> 00:09:17,360 Speaker 1: they've done a lot of things over the year. When 156 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:20,280 Speaker 1: you've got seawater lapping up against well, let's step back, 157 00:09:20,800 --> 00:09:23,960 Speaker 1: it's not just dirt and stuff. They realized pretty early 158 00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:27,160 Speaker 1: on we're not gonna be around unless we in case, 159 00:09:27,280 --> 00:09:31,440 Speaker 1: the entire city basically in brick below the waterline, and 160 00:09:31,640 --> 00:09:34,600 Speaker 1: they came up with some really ingenious construction methods that 161 00:09:34,640 --> 00:09:40,400 Speaker 1: you can super ingenious in that Venusbeck stage video on Vimeo. Yeah, 162 00:09:40,920 --> 00:09:42,960 Speaker 1: but even though they have been ensconce to the whole 163 00:09:42,960 --> 00:09:47,160 Speaker 1: city and brick as a foundation, that's was laughing salt 164 00:09:47,200 --> 00:09:49,360 Speaker 1: water and it's you know, these canals are busy. It's 165 00:09:49,400 --> 00:09:53,520 Speaker 1: not just the gondolier singing the song like there. If 166 00:09:53,559 --> 00:09:56,280 Speaker 1: you see real footage and that movie footage, they're packed 167 00:09:56,320 --> 00:09:59,280 Speaker 1: with boats, motor boats, cruise ships, all sorts of stuff. 168 00:10:00,080 --> 00:10:03,360 Speaker 1: And that action creates a lot of movement in the 169 00:10:03,360 --> 00:10:06,720 Speaker 1: water and it just whittles away at those bricks little 170 00:10:06,720 --> 00:10:09,600 Speaker 1: by little over the years, over hundreds and hundreds of years, 171 00:10:10,160 --> 00:10:12,839 Speaker 1: and then that's why Venice is sinking. Um. Part of 172 00:10:12,880 --> 00:10:15,600 Speaker 1: the other problem too, is a sediment builds up in 173 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:18,760 Speaker 1: the canals. They're supposed to close them down on a 174 00:10:18,800 --> 00:10:22,760 Speaker 1: fairly regular basis, basically damn them up, drain them and 175 00:10:22,800 --> 00:10:27,560 Speaker 1: then remove the sediment, and basically, um, they stopped doing 176 00:10:27,559 --> 00:10:30,400 Speaker 1: that as frequently as before, and there there's been a 177 00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:35,280 Speaker 1: problem as a result. Plus saltwater uh permeates bricks. Bricks 178 00:10:35,320 --> 00:10:39,800 Speaker 1: are um semipermeable and they have capillary action, so it 179 00:10:39,920 --> 00:10:43,200 Speaker 1: draws saltwater up into the bricks, which I mean, as 180 00:10:43,200 --> 00:10:46,120 Speaker 1: long as bricks are connected by mortar, that water, that 181 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:48,160 Speaker 1: saltwater will rise all the way to the top of 182 00:10:48,200 --> 00:10:51,959 Speaker 1: a building. And when the water evaporates, the water is gone, 183 00:10:52,040 --> 00:10:55,080 Speaker 1: but the salt stays, and it apparently increases in volume 184 00:10:55,120 --> 00:10:58,840 Speaker 1: tremendously and basically crushes the bricks from the inside out. Yeah, 185 00:10:58,880 --> 00:11:01,840 Speaker 1: and they've they've been taken steps and measures a little 186 00:11:01,880 --> 00:11:03,840 Speaker 1: by little in different ways over the years to help. 187 00:11:04,040 --> 00:11:06,120 Speaker 1: But they're they're kind of fighting a losing battle though, 188 00:11:06,200 --> 00:11:09,880 Speaker 1: like inject resin into the between the bricks and into 189 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:14,680 Speaker 1: the bricks with hydraulics a barrier. But you know, they're fighting, 190 00:11:14,679 --> 00:11:16,600 Speaker 1: like I said, they're fighting mother nature here, right. So 191 00:11:16,640 --> 00:11:20,840 Speaker 1: finally they've said, let's turn our attention from these um 192 00:11:20,880 --> 00:11:25,439 Speaker 1: these piecemeal measures of you know, kind of of treating 193 00:11:25,480 --> 00:11:29,000 Speaker 1: bricks and go to where the problem is. Let's go 194 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:31,720 Speaker 1: to the doorstep of the problem, which is the Adriatic 195 00:11:32,280 --> 00:11:36,200 Speaker 1: and the three inlets into the lagoon. And they turn 196 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:38,720 Speaker 1: their attention to that. And now they've come up with 197 00:11:39,720 --> 00:11:44,720 Speaker 1: a pretty great plan for dealing with rising tides and floodwaters. 198 00:11:44,840 --> 00:11:47,600 Speaker 1: And I think we will get to that plan right 199 00:11:47,640 --> 00:11:53,440 Speaker 1: after this break I knew you're gonna say, all right, 200 00:11:53,559 --> 00:11:56,200 Speaker 1: so there's a plan. You know one thing on that 201 00:11:56,320 --> 00:11:58,800 Speaker 1: video too quickly that amazed me. You're talking about the 202 00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:03,840 Speaker 1: building construction. Um, the walls in Venice. The exterior walls 203 00:12:03,840 --> 00:12:07,000 Speaker 1: have a tendency to bow out at the top, and 204 00:12:07,200 --> 00:12:11,640 Speaker 1: uh so they have these these basically hooks that pull 205 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:16,080 Speaker 1: from the inside the walls in and then those long 206 00:12:16,280 --> 00:12:19,640 Speaker 1: metal hooks travel into the floor where they're spiked into 207 00:12:19,640 --> 00:12:21,160 Speaker 1: the floor. So they're trying to pull it in there. 208 00:12:21,600 --> 00:12:24,320 Speaker 1: And then the roofs of the buildings in Venice aren't 209 00:12:24,360 --> 00:12:27,079 Speaker 1: just like hey, let's keep the water out there, literally 210 00:12:27,160 --> 00:12:32,600 Speaker 1: like caps that locked the walls in at the top. 211 00:12:33,400 --> 00:12:37,240 Speaker 1: So it's, uh, it's not just like a weather protector roof. 212 00:12:37,400 --> 00:12:39,920 Speaker 1: It's it's actually like if the roof wasn't there, the 213 00:12:39,960 --> 00:12:42,440 Speaker 1: walls would bow out. And then the interior walls don't 214 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:45,520 Speaker 1: even connect rigidly to the exterior walls. Yeah, it allows 215 00:12:45,559 --> 00:12:47,679 Speaker 1: some gifts so that they can move back and forth. 216 00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:51,360 Speaker 1: Is the wave action basically moves the walls. So, I mean, 217 00:12:51,360 --> 00:12:53,680 Speaker 1: we we're saying Venice is a mess, but it's really 218 00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:58,520 Speaker 1: an ingenious city of just engineering. The fact that it's 219 00:12:58,520 --> 00:13:02,760 Speaker 1: still there at all. You know. Another construction point that 220 00:13:03,000 --> 00:13:05,240 Speaker 1: kind of stuck out to me was that buildings in 221 00:13:05,360 --> 00:13:10,240 Speaker 1: Venice are built on piles of steaks, like wooden steaks, 222 00:13:10,280 --> 00:13:12,840 Speaker 1: driven into the ground to kind of reinforce the mucky 223 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:16,000 Speaker 1: ground to build on first. It's really a remarkable place 224 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:17,520 Speaker 1: when you look at all the things they've had to 225 00:13:17,559 --> 00:13:21,160 Speaker 1: do just to make that what shouldn't even be a city. 226 00:13:21,160 --> 00:13:23,600 Speaker 1: I mean, let's let's get real, but it's a very neat, 227 00:13:23,600 --> 00:13:25,800 Speaker 1: beautiful city. Have you been. You me and I went 228 00:13:25,880 --> 00:13:31,880 Speaker 1: last summer, and it is gorgeous. Yeah, very neat. Yeah yeah. 229 00:13:32,080 --> 00:13:34,360 Speaker 1: Just walking around and all of a sudden, you're like, oh, 230 00:13:34,360 --> 00:13:37,600 Speaker 1: I'm next to three thousand year old ruins just basically 231 00:13:37,679 --> 00:13:40,480 Speaker 1: part of the cityscape, right, whereas here in Atlanta you're like, oh, 232 00:13:40,559 --> 00:13:46,120 Speaker 1: there's a Burger king, right, but it's from the sixties exactly, Alright. 233 00:13:46,160 --> 00:13:48,040 Speaker 1: So we we had a pretty good cliffhanger that they 234 00:13:48,040 --> 00:13:53,360 Speaker 1: had an idea. So let's we'll go ahead and announce it. Okay, Well, 235 00:13:53,679 --> 00:13:59,439 Speaker 1: the idea is called mosa or you should do this, chuck, 236 00:13:59,559 --> 00:14:09,480 Speaker 1: the modulo spadimentale elector electro mechanico. So that's the experimental 237 00:14:09,520 --> 00:14:13,920 Speaker 1: electro mechanical module. Which is the reason that that has 238 00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:17,360 Speaker 1: that clumsy name is because the M O S E. 239 00:14:17,600 --> 00:14:22,440 Speaker 1: The acronym is also the Italian spelling from Mosa or 240 00:14:22,560 --> 00:14:26,440 Speaker 1: Moses and basically what the what Moses was well known for. 241 00:14:26,800 --> 00:14:30,840 Speaker 1: One of his many hits was parting the Red Sea. Right, Well, 242 00:14:31,000 --> 00:14:33,920 Speaker 1: they thought that was very clever hit. They were coming. 243 00:14:34,040 --> 00:14:36,320 Speaker 1: I don't know, he did a lot of stuff in Commandments. 244 00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:39,200 Speaker 1: That was a pretty big hit, Burning Bush. I would 245 00:14:39,200 --> 00:14:44,040 Speaker 1: say the Red Sea was his American pie or no, yeah, 246 00:14:44,080 --> 00:14:47,880 Speaker 1: that was his Baker Street. The Ten Commandments was his Uh, 247 00:14:48,040 --> 00:14:52,480 Speaker 1: right down the line, who did Jerry rafferty Baker Street? 248 00:14:52,520 --> 00:14:56,000 Speaker 1: That was the saxophone one right and right down the 249 00:14:56,040 --> 00:14:57,960 Speaker 1: lane was his other hit. So I've never heard that one. 250 00:14:58,280 --> 00:15:01,880 Speaker 1: You have? You just don't know, Okay, says you was 251 00:15:01,920 --> 00:15:05,000 Speaker 1: just about to bust it out too early. So anyway, 252 00:15:05,360 --> 00:15:09,520 Speaker 1: Mosa Moses in Italian. Uh, it's a that's a clever 253 00:15:09,840 --> 00:15:13,880 Speaker 1: use of an acronym because this thing, the contraption they 254 00:15:13,920 --> 00:15:17,960 Speaker 1: came up with, it's pretty ingenious and clever. To defend 255 00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:20,840 Speaker 1: against these rising high tides, which are known as aqua 256 00:15:20,960 --> 00:15:24,400 Speaker 1: alta aqua alta Yeah, and this is one of those 257 00:15:24,400 --> 00:15:27,200 Speaker 1: things where you say ingenious and clever, but I would 258 00:15:27,200 --> 00:15:31,080 Speaker 1: add in its simplicity. These are my favorite kinds of projects. 259 00:15:31,560 --> 00:15:34,920 Speaker 1: When man looks at something and says, well, why don't 260 00:15:34,920 --> 00:15:38,480 Speaker 1: we just build a big gate? And that's pretty much 261 00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:41,440 Speaker 1: what it is. Yeah, but it is more complicated than that. 262 00:15:41,520 --> 00:15:44,720 Speaker 1: And let's let's talk about the mosa So. Um. Remember 263 00:15:44,800 --> 00:15:47,720 Speaker 1: we said sea levels are rising in general, but high 264 00:15:47,800 --> 00:15:51,400 Speaker 1: tides are a really big problem in Venice because they're 265 00:15:51,440 --> 00:15:56,880 Speaker 1: getting higher. Um. So the Mosai project, uh is it 266 00:15:56,920 --> 00:15:59,920 Speaker 1: consists of a bunch of gates that can be broad 267 00:16:00,120 --> 00:16:04,600 Speaker 1: up and raised on command. They have a magician who 268 00:16:04,680 --> 00:16:09,400 Speaker 1: commands the gates to rise, and um, the gates come 269 00:16:09,480 --> 00:16:14,240 Speaker 1: up and basically separate the lagoon from the Adriatic Sea. Yeah. 270 00:16:14,320 --> 00:16:18,880 Speaker 1: So imagine a big, huge steel door that lays flat 271 00:16:18,960 --> 00:16:23,400 Speaker 1: on the bottom of the ocean, and uh, they fill 272 00:16:23,440 --> 00:16:25,880 Speaker 1: it with air and it's got two hinges on one side, 273 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:29,120 Speaker 1: So that big steel door just raises up as it 274 00:16:29,160 --> 00:16:33,000 Speaker 1: fills with air, obviously becoming more buoyant, and until it 275 00:16:33,040 --> 00:16:36,400 Speaker 1: looks like about a forty five degree angle, uh, facing 276 00:16:36,400 --> 00:16:41,200 Speaker 1: out into the sea away from the city. And that's it. 277 00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:44,160 Speaker 1: It's just a barrier. It just swings up and I 278 00:16:44,200 --> 00:16:47,080 Speaker 1: think there's about a two foot differential in the water levels. 279 00:16:47,760 --> 00:16:51,560 Speaker 1: And uh, it essentially prevents high tide from happening within 280 00:16:52,160 --> 00:16:57,400 Speaker 1: the Venice Lagoon. That's exactly right. And um, these these 281 00:16:57,720 --> 00:17:00,480 Speaker 1: basically walls, floating walls is what they amount to. Like 282 00:17:00,520 --> 00:17:03,040 Speaker 1: you said, they have hinges on the bottom. Uh. And 283 00:17:03,080 --> 00:17:06,080 Speaker 1: there's all sorts of pictures of the Mose project, the 284 00:17:06,119 --> 00:17:09,440 Speaker 1: mosa A project, um, all over the internet. I found 285 00:17:09,520 --> 00:17:14,320 Speaker 1: it exponentially easier to understand when I saw what they 286 00:17:14,320 --> 00:17:16,639 Speaker 1: were talking about. It's like, oh, that's all it is. 287 00:17:17,280 --> 00:17:22,600 Speaker 1: But allow us to clumsily try to get this across. 288 00:17:22,640 --> 00:17:26,680 Speaker 1: So you've got the hinges, um hinge, the metal wall 289 00:17:26,720 --> 00:17:28,760 Speaker 1: to the bottom of the sea floor right, well, not 290 00:17:28,800 --> 00:17:32,359 Speaker 1: to the sea floor, well to a concrete trench within 291 00:17:32,400 --> 00:17:34,720 Speaker 1: the sea floor that the thing sits in when it's 292 00:17:34,800 --> 00:17:36,560 Speaker 1: not in use. Yeah, they tried to pound it right 293 00:17:36,600 --> 00:17:38,320 Speaker 1: into the sand and they were like, it's not a 294 00:17:38,359 --> 00:17:43,240 Speaker 1: working right, get us some concrete. So they these trenches 295 00:17:43,280 --> 00:17:46,199 Speaker 1: also provide a place for engineers to go underneath and 296 00:17:46,240 --> 00:17:48,600 Speaker 1: basically fix things and fiddle with stuff. And it also 297 00:17:49,000 --> 00:17:52,840 Speaker 1: provides the delivery system for the compressed air that the 298 00:17:53,000 --> 00:17:58,200 Speaker 1: hollow metal walls gates basically um fill up with air 299 00:17:58,320 --> 00:18:00,560 Speaker 1: so that they start to stand upright, Yeah, And how 300 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:02,760 Speaker 1: long does that take? Like twenty minutes or thirty minutes, 301 00:18:03,200 --> 00:18:05,960 Speaker 1: and then uh, it takes about the same time for 302 00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:08,280 Speaker 1: it to fill them with seawater again to return them 303 00:18:08,320 --> 00:18:11,200 Speaker 1: back to their laying position on the floor. It was 304 00:18:11,200 --> 00:18:14,080 Speaker 1: a little quicker going down, but which makes sense. Yes, 305 00:18:14,320 --> 00:18:16,960 Speaker 1: but that's pretty much it. When the high tides coming, 306 00:18:17,160 --> 00:18:19,600 Speaker 1: they fill them with air so that the gates stand 307 00:18:19,680 --> 00:18:22,800 Speaker 1: up above water. And then on the lagoon side, the 308 00:18:22,840 --> 00:18:25,719 Speaker 1: sea level stays low. On the sea side, it can 309 00:18:25,760 --> 00:18:28,240 Speaker 1: get as high as it likes. And because they're hinged 310 00:18:28,640 --> 00:18:31,520 Speaker 1: and filled with air, they're not rigid, which means that 311 00:18:31,560 --> 00:18:34,240 Speaker 1: they can take a pounding and they can sway back 312 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:37,400 Speaker 1: and forth a little bit and still not give. So 313 00:18:37,480 --> 00:18:40,760 Speaker 1: it is, like you said, it's it's ingenious in its simplicity. 314 00:18:41,280 --> 00:18:44,000 Speaker 1: It is and it's uh officially launched in two thousand three, 315 00:18:44,119 --> 00:18:46,760 Speaker 1: and that was and this was after years and years 316 00:18:46,960 --> 00:18:53,399 Speaker 1: of um I guess ideas and bids and plans, and 317 00:18:53,640 --> 00:18:56,480 Speaker 1: the Mosai project is what finally went out. They said 318 00:18:56,520 --> 00:18:59,359 Speaker 1: it was gonna be two to three billion dollars and 319 00:18:59,480 --> 00:19:04,040 Speaker 1: would be on Uh it's still not done. They're looking 320 00:19:04,080 --> 00:19:07,640 Speaker 1: at now. Um. They did the first successful test late 321 00:19:07,720 --> 00:19:11,600 Speaker 1: last year, and like with every big project, city project 322 00:19:11,640 --> 00:19:13,480 Speaker 1: like that, it's going to be over budget and over 323 00:19:13,840 --> 00:19:17,800 Speaker 1: uh schedule. Yes, but there's a lot of accusations of corruption. 324 00:19:18,560 --> 00:19:23,000 Speaker 1: Really yeah, Southern Italy a big public project, so corrupt. 325 00:19:23,119 --> 00:19:26,760 Speaker 1: The the group that suggested the thing in the first 326 00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:29,919 Speaker 1: place is called the you want to take it? Someone's 327 00:19:29,920 --> 00:19:33,880 Speaker 1: gonna be offended by me, by the way. Maybe I'll 328 00:19:33,880 --> 00:19:39,880 Speaker 1: bet they're not Italian. The Consortio then no EVA, So 329 00:19:39,960 --> 00:19:42,840 Speaker 1: that's basically the new Venice Consortium. It's a group of 330 00:19:43,080 --> 00:19:46,399 Speaker 1: companies and construction companies that said, hey, we've got an 331 00:19:46,400 --> 00:19:49,680 Speaker 1: idea for this problem. Let's try this. Yeah, and we'll 332 00:19:49,680 --> 00:19:52,240 Speaker 1: build it for you. We had all the companies under 333 00:19:52,240 --> 00:19:56,160 Speaker 1: our banner that can provide everything you need, and they said, 334 00:19:56,200 --> 00:19:58,800 Speaker 1: we'll build it for you for two to three billion 335 00:19:58,840 --> 00:20:02,359 Speaker 1: dollars and every but you want what which sounds like 336 00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:05,040 Speaker 1: a lot, including to people in Venice, is that American 337 00:20:05,080 --> 00:20:08,640 Speaker 1: dollars or is that euros? That's American dollars As far 338 00:20:08,680 --> 00:20:12,159 Speaker 1: as I'm seeing right here. Um, but if you go 339 00:20:12,240 --> 00:20:18,280 Speaker 1: to Venice like uh, martinis like fifteen dollars, it's like 340 00:20:18,320 --> 00:20:21,520 Speaker 1: twenty or five bucks for like a little tiny martini 341 00:20:21,560 --> 00:20:25,560 Speaker 1: at Harry's Bar. I know. So it sounds like a lot, 342 00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:27,320 Speaker 1: But all you have to do is go open the 343 00:20:27,320 --> 00:20:29,800 Speaker 1: cash register at Harry's Bar in a Tuesday afternoon and 344 00:20:29,880 --> 00:20:31,760 Speaker 1: you can get two to three billion dollars to pay 345 00:20:31,800 --> 00:20:35,119 Speaker 1: for this project. You know, Alright, someone's a little salty 346 00:20:35,119 --> 00:20:38,840 Speaker 1: about their business. It was really expensive. It was neat, 347 00:20:39,240 --> 00:20:44,360 Speaker 1: but it's also like really expensive. Epe is not cheap. No. Um. 348 00:20:44,400 --> 00:20:47,200 Speaker 1: So there was a lot of a lot of accusations 349 00:20:47,240 --> 00:20:52,760 Speaker 1: of corruption, of kickbacks, the other thing being artificially expensive. 350 00:20:53,160 --> 00:20:55,560 Speaker 1: Apparently there was a study that found like this thing is, 351 00:20:56,320 --> 00:20:59,960 Speaker 1: they've padded this tremendously. But by the time this came 352 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:03,840 Speaker 1: amount um public opinion apparently wasn't enough to stop at 353 00:21:03,880 --> 00:21:06,480 Speaker 1: construction had started. They did their first test in two 354 00:21:06,480 --> 00:21:11,639 Speaker 1: dozen twelve apparently was successful. And the Mosai project continues, 355 00:21:11,720 --> 00:21:14,680 Speaker 1: and I believe they're they're tracking for two thousand sixteen 356 00:21:15,280 --> 00:21:18,399 Speaker 1: to have all of the gates across all three of 357 00:21:18,480 --> 00:21:23,159 Speaker 1: the inlets operational. Yeah, and you said multiple gates. So 358 00:21:23,560 --> 00:21:26,800 Speaker 1: each of these uh inlets. You have the Leado, uh, 359 00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:31,480 Speaker 1: the Malamoco, and then I pronounce this Cheogia, but I 360 00:21:31,520 --> 00:21:34,720 Speaker 1: heard it much much differently on the video, so I 361 00:21:34,720 --> 00:21:37,120 Speaker 1: know that's not right. But those are the three inlets, 362 00:21:37,320 --> 00:21:39,440 Speaker 1: and um, well that was a British student. They just 363 00:21:39,480 --> 00:21:43,040 Speaker 1: pronounced things however they want, and then we assume because 364 00:21:43,080 --> 00:21:46,959 Speaker 1: they're European they know you're right. Uh. So it's not 365 00:21:47,000 --> 00:21:49,320 Speaker 1: like one big gate for each of these things because 366 00:21:49,520 --> 00:21:51,560 Speaker 1: it's on a curve and you can't just have one 367 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:56,800 Speaker 1: huge gate. So the um, the Malamoco and the Cheogia 368 00:21:57,000 --> 00:22:01,760 Speaker 1: have Uh, the Malamoco is nineteen gate, that g has eighteen, 369 00:22:01,800 --> 00:22:03,679 Speaker 1: and they're all in one row. And then the big daddy, 370 00:22:03,720 --> 00:22:07,119 Speaker 1: the Leado has two rows, one with twenty gates and 371 00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:10,000 Speaker 1: with one gates. Yeah, and we're not all the same 372 00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:11,840 Speaker 1: same they're the same width, but they're not all the 373 00:22:11,880 --> 00:22:15,879 Speaker 1: same height, right, And I mean they don't need to 374 00:22:15,880 --> 00:22:19,320 Speaker 1: be summer taller than others. They're all about sixteen ft thick. 375 00:22:19,440 --> 00:22:23,879 Speaker 1: So these are huge, huge walled gates. So yeah, I 376 00:22:23,880 --> 00:22:25,720 Speaker 1: think we should I don't know if we've gotten across 377 00:22:25,720 --> 00:22:27,960 Speaker 1: how big they are you said there's sixteen ft or 378 00:22:27,960 --> 00:22:34,479 Speaker 1: about five meters thick. Um, they're the the deepest amount 379 00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:39,040 Speaker 1: of water is a hundred feet, which is like thirty meters. Uh, 380 00:22:39,160 --> 00:22:43,080 Speaker 1: so these things are taller than that or if need be. Yeah, 381 00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:46,600 Speaker 1: uh and then they're uh what about three d and 382 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:50,280 Speaker 1: fifty tons. I think that's just for like one of 383 00:22:50,320 --> 00:22:54,800 Speaker 1: the gates. Yes, like one single panel could weighs as 384 00:22:54,880 --> 00:22:59,359 Speaker 1: much as a seven thirty seven seven seven And they 385 00:22:59,400 --> 00:23:03,000 Speaker 1: they are using something that Rolls Royce makes that is 386 00:23:03,040 --> 00:23:06,639 Speaker 1: basically an elevator for ships to convey each of the 387 00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:10,040 Speaker 1: gates out to the sea floor. Yeah. And it takes 388 00:23:10,080 --> 00:23:13,080 Speaker 1: three days to move a gate. Yeah. So they're really 389 00:23:13,160 --> 00:23:16,159 Speaker 1: really big gates, but they are going to be very 390 00:23:16,240 --> 00:23:19,840 Speaker 1: nimble when filled with compressed air and smacked around by waves. 391 00:23:20,040 --> 00:23:22,920 Speaker 1: Plus they're in water, so that helps with the weight. 392 00:23:23,240 --> 00:23:25,720 Speaker 1: That reminds me that this project faces a lot of 393 00:23:25,760 --> 00:23:29,920 Speaker 1: problems that that the project faces. So there's there's some 394 00:23:29,960 --> 00:23:32,840 Speaker 1: people have said, maybe this is a good idea in theory, 395 00:23:32,880 --> 00:23:35,760 Speaker 1: but practically this may or may not work. What it's 396 00:23:35,760 --> 00:23:38,840 Speaker 1: sea levels rise faster than we think, then these things 397 00:23:38,880 --> 00:23:43,920 Speaker 1: are going to basically be very expensive, totally obsolete gates, 398 00:23:43,960 --> 00:23:45,800 Speaker 1: like the water would just go right over the top 399 00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:49,320 Speaker 1: of the exactly. That's a nightmare scenario. Yeah that when 400 00:23:49,359 --> 00:23:51,960 Speaker 1: I when I saw what I saw, it didn't look 401 00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:53,640 Speaker 1: like to me they came out of the water enough. 402 00:23:53,680 --> 00:23:56,040 Speaker 1: I was like, I would add another five feet. Yeah, 403 00:23:56,160 --> 00:23:59,280 Speaker 1: just to be safe, Just to be safe, you know. Um, 404 00:23:59,400 --> 00:24:03,399 Speaker 1: So that's one possible problem. Another one that apparently they 405 00:24:03,440 --> 00:24:05,639 Speaker 1: haven't addressed is the build up a sediment. Remember we 406 00:24:05,640 --> 00:24:08,399 Speaker 1: said that you have to clean out the canals pretty 407 00:24:08,440 --> 00:24:11,920 Speaker 1: frequently because sediment builds up backs up septic systems, that 408 00:24:12,000 --> 00:24:16,080 Speaker 1: crumbles brick walls. Well, it will also fill in these trenches, 409 00:24:16,560 --> 00:24:20,720 Speaker 1: which apparently need to be totally flat, and as sediment 410 00:24:20,760 --> 00:24:23,720 Speaker 1: builds up, then these things aren't going to lay flat again, 411 00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:26,919 Speaker 1: and you may have some problems. Apparently that's something that 412 00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:30,440 Speaker 1: hasn't been addressed by the Mosai project. How to deal 413 00:24:30,520 --> 00:24:33,280 Speaker 1: with sediment build up. Well, I know they've got about 414 00:24:33,280 --> 00:24:35,520 Speaker 1: a hundred and fifty people that will just be full 415 00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:40,639 Speaker 1: time caretaking staff. Uh, And I guess part of their 416 00:24:40,720 --> 00:24:43,000 Speaker 1: job will be to clean that stuff up. Huh. I 417 00:24:43,040 --> 00:24:46,520 Speaker 1: would guess. Uh. And some of the other problems. Um, 418 00:24:46,560 --> 00:24:50,920 Speaker 1: anytime you're undertaking a project like this has to interact 419 00:24:50,960 --> 00:24:54,879 Speaker 1: with the elements and mother nature, they're going to be 420 00:24:54,960 --> 00:25:01,800 Speaker 1: environmental concerns and uh. They range the spectrum here from 421 00:25:01,960 --> 00:25:04,200 Speaker 1: we don't really know how this is going to affect things, 422 00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:08,879 Speaker 1: uh and disrupt the ecosystem too. Well, wait a minute, 423 00:25:08,920 --> 00:25:12,359 Speaker 1: we need this constant flow in and out of water 424 00:25:12,760 --> 00:25:16,320 Speaker 1: twice a day two flush our giant toilet that we're 425 00:25:16,359 --> 00:25:20,640 Speaker 1: living in, right Uh. And proponents will say it's gonna 426 00:25:20,680 --> 00:25:24,320 Speaker 1: be better actually because and it sort of makes sense 427 00:25:24,359 --> 00:25:30,040 Speaker 1: if there's, um, if you have three holes going into 428 00:25:30,040 --> 00:25:32,120 Speaker 1: something and you plug up two of them, you're gonna 429 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:34,480 Speaker 1: have a stronger flow in the one hole, right exactly. 430 00:25:34,480 --> 00:25:37,639 Speaker 1: So they're saying, we can actually use this to manipulate 431 00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:40,719 Speaker 1: this flow of water artificially and make a better toilet 432 00:25:40,720 --> 00:25:44,159 Speaker 1: flusher exactly. Yeah. Yeah, but I think that Hopefully the 433 00:25:44,200 --> 00:25:46,000 Speaker 1: ones who are like, well, but why don't we just 434 00:25:46,119 --> 00:25:50,160 Speaker 1: use this as a an opportunity to update our septic 435 00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:52,960 Speaker 1: system as a whole or sewer system as a whole, 436 00:25:53,400 --> 00:25:56,639 Speaker 1: Hopefully those guys will win out. But pollution, increased pollution 437 00:25:56,720 --> 00:25:59,480 Speaker 1: levels are definitely an issue that environmentalists are looking at. 438 00:26:00,280 --> 00:26:02,919 Speaker 1: And uh, I just get the picture in southern Italy. 439 00:26:02,960 --> 00:26:07,240 Speaker 1: It's a tough Uh, it's tough game, you know. It 440 00:26:07,280 --> 00:26:08,720 Speaker 1: seems to be a lot of fighting. Like this is 441 00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:12,040 Speaker 1: a very controversial project, but it still remains so Yeah, 442 00:26:12,119 --> 00:26:15,040 Speaker 1: and it seems to be marching on. They they One 443 00:26:15,080 --> 00:26:18,439 Speaker 1: of the other criticisms was that they they basically just 444 00:26:18,520 --> 00:26:26,399 Speaker 1: ignored easier, less expensive options that have proven effective elsewhere 445 00:26:26,720 --> 00:26:31,520 Speaker 1: the Netherlands. Yeah, are like building barrier islands, underwater dikes. 446 00:26:31,680 --> 00:26:33,840 Speaker 1: But although apparently they have a lot of this stuff 447 00:26:33,880 --> 00:26:38,040 Speaker 1: already and it's not necessarily helping. It's mainly just reinforcing 448 00:26:38,080 --> 00:26:44,240 Speaker 1: the natural um barriers that already exist. I guess they're like, 449 00:26:44,320 --> 00:26:46,840 Speaker 1: why don't we just put up more of that? Yeah, 450 00:26:46,880 --> 00:26:49,960 Speaker 1: I think it's interesting to Uh, it's gonna be interesting 451 00:26:49,920 --> 00:26:52,200 Speaker 1: to see how this plays out. I really hope it works, 452 00:26:52,240 --> 00:26:54,600 Speaker 1: because they've sunk a lot of money into this and 453 00:26:54,600 --> 00:26:58,520 Speaker 1: they I mean, they moved all in on this mosa system. 454 00:26:59,040 --> 00:27:01,400 Speaker 1: Like they can't wrap it and say, well, it didn't work, 455 00:27:01,480 --> 00:27:04,960 Speaker 1: Let's think of something new. Yeah, And I wonder how 456 00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:07,399 Speaker 1: how much it would be to just like that. You 457 00:27:07,480 --> 00:27:11,080 Speaker 1: can't just add a new gate, a new taller gate. 458 00:27:11,240 --> 00:27:14,160 Speaker 1: If the sea levels do rise faster, and they these 459 00:27:14,520 --> 00:27:17,600 Speaker 1: these the ones they have proved too short because it 460 00:27:17,680 --> 00:27:20,359 Speaker 1: has to sit flush in the trench. So you'd have 461 00:27:20,400 --> 00:27:23,920 Speaker 1: to create a whole another trench to accommodate this larger 462 00:27:23,960 --> 00:27:26,600 Speaker 1: gate would be a real problem. That's the worst case 463 00:27:26,600 --> 00:27:29,480 Speaker 1: scenario to me is if it's uh yeah, if they're 464 00:27:29,520 --> 00:27:32,919 Speaker 1: too short, the water lefts and surely they thought of that. 465 00:27:33,160 --> 00:27:34,520 Speaker 1: It didn't look right to me. But they know what 466 00:27:34,560 --> 00:27:39,480 Speaker 1: they're doing, right, I hope, so pretty neat and hopefully 467 00:27:39,480 --> 00:27:41,280 Speaker 1: you know, they had all this in that that great video, 468 00:27:41,280 --> 00:27:43,880 Speaker 1: a lot of footage where it looked like it looked 469 00:27:43,880 --> 00:27:46,320 Speaker 1: like some parts of Venice on a daily basis with 470 00:27:46,400 --> 00:27:49,920 Speaker 1: high tide is slightly underwater. Yeah. They to show people 471 00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:52,840 Speaker 1: walking to work through water and delivering stuff to places 472 00:27:52,840 --> 00:27:56,560 Speaker 1: through water, and and everyone looks very sick of it. Yeah. 473 00:27:56,880 --> 00:28:01,680 Speaker 1: Go check out um on vimeo Venice x stage. Uh, 474 00:28:01,720 --> 00:28:05,480 Speaker 1: that is definitely worth watching. Venice backstage period. How does 475 00:28:05,560 --> 00:28:07,400 Speaker 1: Venice work? I think they meant to put a cole 476 00:28:07,440 --> 00:28:09,800 Speaker 1: in there. The period bugs me a period in a 477 00:28:09,880 --> 00:28:13,960 Speaker 1: title dif from England. Josh, No, these are the Venetians 478 00:28:13,960 --> 00:28:16,879 Speaker 1: that made this diffrom Venice, Josh um, they know what 479 00:28:16,920 --> 00:28:19,480 Speaker 1: they're doing. Yeah, and check out stuff on the MOSE 480 00:28:19,720 --> 00:28:23,440 Speaker 1: project Mose Mose. I just want to say, moves from 481 00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:29,560 Speaker 1: Paper Moon your favorite movie, right boom uh. And if 482 00:28:29,560 --> 00:28:31,840 Speaker 1: you want to learn even more about the MOSE project, 483 00:28:31,880 --> 00:28:34,560 Speaker 1: you can type in m O s E Project in 484 00:28:34,600 --> 00:28:36,480 Speaker 1: the search bar how stuff works dot Com and that 485 00:28:36,560 --> 00:28:39,040 Speaker 1: will bring up this article. Yeah, and hey, check out 486 00:28:39,080 --> 00:28:41,960 Speaker 1: Venice is sinking from Appens, Georgia. Yeah, that's nice. My 487 00:28:42,040 --> 00:28:45,840 Speaker 1: one buddy is no longer in the band, but you're 488 00:28:45,840 --> 00:28:48,760 Speaker 1: still friendly with the other guys. They haven't been in 489 00:28:48,800 --> 00:28:53,080 Speaker 1: touch actually, but they said they said record and they're 490 00:28:53,120 --> 00:28:55,440 Speaker 1: good folks. Well, and if you ever get a chance 491 00:28:55,480 --> 00:28:58,440 Speaker 1: to go to Venice, I recommend you do it because 492 00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:00,800 Speaker 1: it is in Neat Town. But don't go to Harry's Bar. 493 00:29:01,040 --> 00:29:02,760 Speaker 1: You have to go to Harry's Bar. Is that the 494 00:29:02,840 --> 00:29:06,560 Speaker 1: legendary place, that's where the Bellini was created? Why didn't 495 00:29:06,560 --> 00:29:10,040 Speaker 1: you have a Bellii? She had a Billiini? I had 496 00:29:10,080 --> 00:29:14,720 Speaker 1: a Martini? What a Bellinis? A peach juice, peach pure 497 00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:19,200 Speaker 1: in champagne. Very good, but again it's like basically a 498 00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:22,080 Speaker 1: shot for I think it was like twenty five dollars 499 00:29:22,240 --> 00:29:25,680 Speaker 1: or maybe even more. Yeah, but you have to you 500 00:29:25,680 --> 00:29:27,760 Speaker 1: have to go. You walk past the seat that Hemingway 501 00:29:27,840 --> 00:29:31,040 Speaker 1: used to drink at, right, you know it's a neat place. Yeah, 502 00:29:31,080 --> 00:29:32,680 Speaker 1: there's a lot of those seats around the world, though, 503 00:29:33,520 --> 00:29:37,000 Speaker 1: you know, find a cheaper one. I think we already 504 00:29:37,040 --> 00:29:39,360 Speaker 1: went through the whole rigamar role that leads us up 505 00:29:39,400 --> 00:29:41,800 Speaker 1: to listener mail. So now it's time for listener mail. 506 00:29:44,080 --> 00:29:51,600 Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this murderer in our myth midst murder 507 00:29:51,840 --> 00:29:56,240 Speaker 1: the mist you're thinking of guerrillas in the Midst. Hey, 508 00:29:56,240 --> 00:29:58,440 Speaker 1: guys have a boring job. So I binge listen. Uh 509 00:29:58,560 --> 00:30:00,520 Speaker 1: several days a week to your show. Was listening to 510 00:30:00,560 --> 00:30:03,880 Speaker 1: the Insanity Defense episode and I heard a very familiar name. 511 00:30:04,480 --> 00:30:07,840 Speaker 1: I happened to have met John Delling during his killing spree. 512 00:30:08,880 --> 00:30:10,600 Speaker 1: I used to manage a coffee shop and a guy 513 00:30:10,760 --> 00:30:13,840 Speaker 1: was oddly peering in the window with his hand pressed 514 00:30:13,880 --> 00:30:17,200 Speaker 1: against the glass though the store was clearly open. Uh. 515 00:30:17,280 --> 00:30:19,000 Speaker 1: He paced around the building for a while. I thought 516 00:30:19,040 --> 00:30:21,400 Speaker 1: it was pretty weird, so I sent the girl working 517 00:30:21,440 --> 00:30:25,080 Speaker 1: with me pretty brave. If you Josh, his name is 518 00:30:25,160 --> 00:30:29,600 Speaker 1: Josh Okay. I sent the girl working with me in 519 00:30:29,640 --> 00:30:32,880 Speaker 1: the back. Oh, no, okay, I take it all back. 520 00:30:33,000 --> 00:30:34,920 Speaker 1: He was trying to protect her, and that was me. 521 00:30:36,040 --> 00:30:37,320 Speaker 1: I sent her in the back and told her to 522 00:30:37,320 --> 00:30:39,520 Speaker 1: hang out there until he left. He came in, looked 523 00:30:39,520 --> 00:30:41,520 Speaker 1: the menu over and asked where ice cream was any good? 524 00:30:41,760 --> 00:30:45,240 Speaker 1: I gave him a free sample. Here you go, we 525 00:30:45,240 --> 00:30:48,120 Speaker 1: don't want any trouble. He liked it. He liked it 526 00:30:48,120 --> 00:30:49,400 Speaker 1: and said he had to go to his car to 527 00:30:49,440 --> 00:30:51,480 Speaker 1: get some money. He literally said, I'll be right back. 528 00:30:51,760 --> 00:30:53,160 Speaker 1: Then he went out to his car for a while 529 00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:55,560 Speaker 1: and drove away. A couple of days later, the girl 530 00:30:55,600 --> 00:30:58,760 Speaker 1: I was working with that night called crying and told 531 00:30:58,760 --> 00:31:01,160 Speaker 1: me to find a newspaper. Well, no wonder he sent 532 00:31:01,200 --> 00:31:04,760 Speaker 1: it back. She's clearly fragile. She's crying that like the 533 00:31:04,800 --> 00:31:07,480 Speaker 1: guy was at the front door. She seen that Sunday 534 00:31:07,640 --> 00:31:11,200 Speaker 1: New York Times is six dollars now. On the front 535 00:31:11,240 --> 00:31:13,280 Speaker 1: page was a large mug shot of our guy from 536 00:31:13,280 --> 00:31:15,280 Speaker 1: a couple of nights previous. Turns out he had actually 537 00:31:15,320 --> 00:31:19,040 Speaker 1: left the store and murdered someone and um because the 538 00:31:19,080 --> 00:31:21,320 Speaker 1: ice cream drove him. No, I guess so, and he 539 00:31:21,400 --> 00:31:24,959 Speaker 1: stole something. I sold her car that same evening. Anyway, 540 00:31:25,040 --> 00:31:27,400 Speaker 1: just thought it was an interesting connection. The guy was 541 00:31:27,440 --> 00:31:29,560 Speaker 1: definitely in need of some help, and, as you mentioned, 542 00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:31,480 Speaker 1: had no shot at getting it in the legal system 543 00:31:31,480 --> 00:31:36,640 Speaker 1: here in Idaho is clearly a tricky ethical area. Thanks everybody. 544 00:31:36,680 --> 00:31:39,160 Speaker 1: And then it's from Josh knowl that's from way back 545 00:31:39,240 --> 00:31:41,640 Speaker 1: kind of the insanity defense. Yeah, that was a good one, 546 00:31:41,680 --> 00:31:44,280 Speaker 1: though it turned out we learned a lot. So he 547 00:31:44,480 --> 00:31:47,520 Speaker 1: fed a guy ice cream anyone out and killed someone. Man, 548 00:31:47,680 --> 00:31:51,080 Speaker 1: is really scary stuff. And his coworker, who was around 549 00:31:51,080 --> 00:31:53,480 Speaker 1: for none of it, cried when she read the paper. Yeah, 550 00:31:53,680 --> 00:31:56,160 Speaker 1: apparently she never got any work done because anytime a 551 00:31:56,240 --> 00:32:00,320 Speaker 1: customer came in, she gets sent to the back, you know, 552 00:32:01,400 --> 00:32:04,240 Speaker 1: uh crazy. What was the dude's name? Josh and Hole? 553 00:32:04,360 --> 00:32:06,920 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, Josh. Thanks Josh. It's always good to hear 554 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:09,680 Speaker 1: from another Josh, because we are the greatest names on 555 00:32:09,720 --> 00:32:13,440 Speaker 1: the planet. Josh. That's such a great name. It is, 556 00:32:13,760 --> 00:32:16,840 Speaker 1: especially if you say it in other ways like yosh 557 00:32:17,000 --> 00:32:20,320 Speaker 1: or hush. There's all sorts of ways you can say Josh, 558 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:22,280 Speaker 1: but really the only right way to say it is Josh. 559 00:32:22,360 --> 00:32:25,680 Speaker 1: And it's a verb. Yeah, you can Josh and it's 560 00:32:25,720 --> 00:32:28,920 Speaker 1: a it's a friendly verb too, because you're making fun 561 00:32:28,920 --> 00:32:31,840 Speaker 1: of somebody, but in a non hostile way. Yeah, chuck 562 00:32:31,880 --> 00:32:34,480 Speaker 1: is a verb too, how about that? Yeah, look at us, right, 563 00:32:34,920 --> 00:32:37,800 Speaker 1: Josh and chucking. Yeah, that's good stuff. Chuck. I can't 564 00:32:37,800 --> 00:32:39,719 Speaker 1: believe it's taking us this many years to come up 565 00:32:39,720 --> 00:32:43,160 Speaker 1: with that. If you want to tell us to shut up, 566 00:32:43,240 --> 00:32:45,840 Speaker 1: you can tweet to us at s y s K podcast. 567 00:32:46,360 --> 00:32:49,200 Speaker 1: You can join us on Facebook, dot com, slash stuff 568 00:32:49,200 --> 00:32:51,680 Speaker 1: you Should Know, drop us a line via email at 569 00:32:51,720 --> 00:32:54,960 Speaker 1: stuff podcast at how stuff works dot com. And wait, wait, 570 00:32:55,280 --> 00:32:59,520 Speaker 1: don't press stop yet. Go check out our awesome website. 571 00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:01,720 Speaker 1: It will be your new favorite home on the web. 572 00:33:02,720 --> 00:33:05,280 Speaker 1: Just bookmark it and do yourself a favorite. Make it 573 00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:08,120 Speaker 1: your homepage. 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