WEBVTT - Butterflies: Caterpillars with Wings! 0:00:05.280 --> 0:00:07.400 Hey, everybody, Chuck here, Happy Spring. 0:00:08.039 --> 0:00:10.280 And of course this is episode number two in our 0:00:10.680 --> 0:00:15.560 Think Spring Playlist Spring edition because of Spring, and so 0:00:15.600 --> 0:00:18.360 these are all spring centric because we love spring and 0:00:18.400 --> 0:00:23.000 you guys today the episode is Butterflies poland Caterpillars with 0:00:23.079 --> 0:00:25.840 Wings and there's nothing more spring I think we can 0:00:25.840 --> 0:00:26.960 agree than butterflies. 0:00:27.120 --> 0:00:30.720 So please enjoy cool. 0:00:39.920 --> 0:00:46.240 Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio. 0:00:49.640 --> 0:00:51.960 Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, and there's 0:00:52.040 --> 0:00:54.400 Chuck and Jerry's here too, and this is Stuff you 0:00:54.400 --> 0:00:58.440 Should Know, Part two of a one two punch of 0:00:58.760 --> 0:00:59.880 insect goodness. 0:01:00.880 --> 0:01:05.319 Yeah, caterpillars, hopefully you just listen to. If you didn't, 0:01:05.440 --> 0:01:09.720 you might want to because it really, you know, without caterpillar, 0:01:09.800 --> 0:01:11.199 there is no butterfly episode. 0:01:11.400 --> 0:01:13.800 Yeah, I feel like they could stand on their own, Like, 0:01:13.840 --> 0:01:15.800 I don't think you have to have listened to one 0:01:15.800 --> 0:01:17.720 to understand what we're going to talk about here. 0:01:18.160 --> 0:01:20.920 No, no, no, but you know we're probably gonna say 0:01:21.240 --> 0:01:23.319 when it comes time to talk about how the caterpillar 0:01:23.400 --> 0:01:26.120 turns into a butterfly, just go back in time to 0:01:26.160 --> 0:01:27.640 two days ago and listen to that one. 0:01:28.000 --> 0:01:29.319 Right, we'll be like. 0:01:32.120 --> 0:01:34.840 And Once again, we have to thank HowStuffWorks dot Com 0:01:34.840 --> 0:01:40.280 and our former and current colleague Tracy Wilson, as well 0:01:40.280 --> 0:01:45.480 as our former colleague not current, Jennifer Horton, wrote a 0:01:45.520 --> 0:01:47.440 fun piece about butterfly gardens that we're going to talk 0:01:47.440 --> 0:01:49.280 about at the end. But I forgot about Jennifer. You 0:01:49.320 --> 0:01:49.720 remember her? 0:01:49.840 --> 0:01:52.400 Oh yeah, she was great. She wrote lots of great stuff. 0:01:52.440 --> 0:01:53.200 She's a good person. 0:01:53.480 --> 0:01:55.240 So, Jennifer, I don't know if you're out there and listen, 0:01:55.280 --> 0:01:57.960 but Hi, Hi, it's been a while. 0:01:58.240 --> 0:02:02.680 Yeah, this is like two thousand and eight or while. Well, 0:02:02.800 --> 0:02:05.960 So we're talking about butterflies and we should probably kind 0:02:06.000 --> 0:02:08.080 of pick up not where we left off, because we 0:02:08.200 --> 0:02:11.200 talked I think about caterpillars being pests at the end, 0:02:11.720 --> 0:02:15.160 or considered pests, but they're not really. Yeah, we should 0:02:15.160 --> 0:02:21.280 pick up after the caterpillar emerges from its chrysalis, because 0:02:21.280 --> 0:02:24.280 we're talking specifically about butterflies. So it's the chrysalis, not 0:02:24.320 --> 0:02:29.240 a cocoon that it metamorphosizes within, and once it emerges, 0:02:30.639 --> 0:02:34.960 it is a beautiful creature that resembles the caterpillar that 0:02:35.040 --> 0:02:37.040 it was almost not at all, but it's the same 0:02:37.080 --> 0:02:40.120 exact creature. It's got the same mind. It can remember 0:02:40.200 --> 0:02:43.400 smells and all that. But whereas the caterpillar was built 0:02:43.440 --> 0:02:45.480 for eating, I think we said it in the last 0:02:45.480 --> 0:02:49.000 episode too, the butterfly is built for sex, sex, sex. 0:02:50.200 --> 0:02:58.000 Yeah, they're built for reproducing. Should we talk, I mean, 0:02:58.000 --> 0:02:59.440 should we go back in time just a little bit 0:02:59.480 --> 0:03:02.680 and talk about the fact that, like the distinction between 0:03:02.680 --> 0:03:07.960 moths and butterflies and stuff like that. Sure, well, what's 0:03:08.000 --> 0:03:12.079 the deal, wasn't it aren't moths and butterflies basically mostly 0:03:12.120 --> 0:03:15.200 the same except moths are they do their sex at 0:03:15.240 --> 0:03:17.520 night and butterflies do their sex in the day. 0:03:17.720 --> 0:03:21.200 Yeah, I mean, there's there's not many distinctions between them 0:03:21.240 --> 0:03:25.160 other than like the obvious ones. But that's the biggest one. 0:03:25.600 --> 0:03:28.920 And the reason why butterflies are diurnal and moths are 0:03:28.960 --> 0:03:32.399 nocturnal is because all butterflies, I think, what is there 0:03:32.440 --> 0:03:36.120 like fifteen twenty thousand species of butterflies, A lot of them, Yeah, 0:03:36.480 --> 0:03:39.160 all of them are descended from moths. And these were 0:03:39.200 --> 0:03:42.240 just moths that started to do their thing in the 0:03:42.320 --> 0:03:46.680 daytime rather than the nighttime, and over time they evolved 0:03:46.800 --> 0:03:49.760 to fit in in the daytime rather than the nighttime, 0:03:50.000 --> 0:03:54.360 which is how moths evolved, So a moth's camouflage is 0:03:54.400 --> 0:03:57.280 meant to blend in with like a tree where it's 0:03:57.320 --> 0:04:01.080 sleeping during the day. Yeah, whereas a butterfly bright colored 0:04:01.080 --> 0:04:03.440 because it's out in the daytime and it needs to 0:04:03.440 --> 0:04:08.080 blend in with the big colorful flowers that it likes 0:04:08.080 --> 0:04:08.840 to hang out on. 0:04:09.440 --> 0:04:11.280 Do you know why I'm meant to look this up 0:04:11.320 --> 0:04:14.640 and didn't. Why then a moth is so attracted to light? 0:04:16.160 --> 0:04:18.599 I saw that they think that it is attracted to 0:04:18.640 --> 0:04:22.080 the moon for navigation. Oh okay, and that butterflies aren't 0:04:22.080 --> 0:04:24.520 attracted to light because they don't navigate by the moon. 0:04:24.800 --> 0:04:26.839 They lost that ability or that need. 0:04:27.279 --> 0:04:30.200 Well, butterflies navigate by the sun. That's one of the 0:04:30.240 --> 0:04:32.120 one of my amazing facts about butterflies. 0:04:32.640 --> 0:04:35.120 Yeah, but then that's weird that they don't fly to light, 0:04:35.200 --> 0:04:38.320 but they are not attracted to flames or light bulbs. 0:04:38.800 --> 0:04:41.480 Yeah. Oh, well, maybe they know sun is death. 0:04:41.839 --> 0:04:43.760 Yeah, whereas the moon is nice and cool. 0:04:44.720 --> 0:04:46.920 Should we talk about their bodies a little bit, because 0:04:46.920 --> 0:04:48.480 that's where we like to start off usually with our 0:04:48.520 --> 0:04:50.080 insect casts. 0:04:50.400 --> 0:04:52.760 One more thing, let's talk about where the word butterfly 0:04:52.880 --> 0:04:53.279 came from? 0:04:53.320 --> 0:04:56.360 Eh, where to come from Oh. 0:04:56.400 --> 0:04:59.760 Well, it's very old English and it means butter and 0:04:59.800 --> 0:05:04.000 f right. No real mystery there, but the reason they 0:05:04.120 --> 0:05:08.000 think there's two reasons why they are named butterflies in 0:05:08.040 --> 0:05:11.120 the Old English. And they think it's either because some 0:05:11.200 --> 0:05:13.000 of them are a pale yellow in color, so they 0:05:13.040 --> 0:05:16.440 resemble butter. We can pretty much discard that one. The 0:05:16.480 --> 0:05:19.240 other one is that there was a folk belief that 0:05:19.320 --> 0:05:23.200 they stole butter, that they were just kind of some 0:05:23.279 --> 0:05:27.360 sort of supernatural spirit in a butterfly form to come 0:05:27.360 --> 0:05:30.640 and steal your milk in your butter. And there's evidence 0:05:30.680 --> 0:05:33.719 of that in other nearby languages. I think the Germans 0:05:33.720 --> 0:05:35.960 called butterflies milk thieves. 0:05:36.200 --> 0:05:38.040 And butterfairy almost. 0:05:37.880 --> 0:05:40.279 Yes, And then the Dutch and the Germans have a 0:05:40.279 --> 0:05:44.160 word for butterfly that means butter witch. So that's probably 0:05:44.200 --> 0:05:46.760 why butterflies are called that, because they used to think 0:05:46.800 --> 0:05:47.799 that they stole butter. 0:05:48.360 --> 0:05:49.719 Well, you knew who it was the whole time. It 0:05:49.760 --> 0:05:53.919 was Grandpa Night eating. 0:05:54.200 --> 0:05:57.200 Yeah, he could get one cc of blood through those arteries. 0:05:57.200 --> 0:05:59.839 They were so clogged he was, he was on a. 0:06:01.400 --> 0:06:05.640 Does it does it say when the name morphed for 0:06:05.800 --> 0:06:07.240 my wife into flutterfly. 0:06:08.200 --> 0:06:11.000 Uh, they actually used to think or something like, it's 0:06:11.040 --> 0:06:15.800 a pretty strange idea that they're called butterflies rather than flutterbys, 0:06:15.800 --> 0:06:18.640 because that makes more sense. So Emily's kind of taking 0:06:18.680 --> 0:06:21.719 it in a much smarter direction. But it's interesting. She 0:06:21.880 --> 0:06:24.840 probably just doesn't know the fact that they're actually witches 0:06:24.880 --> 0:06:27.000 in disguise who are out to steal butter and milk. 0:06:27.680 --> 0:06:29.880 Yeah, she's always she still calls them butterflies. 0:06:30.000 --> 0:06:32.360 Just does she call spaghetti pasquetti? 0:06:32.880 --> 0:06:37.360 No? No, just fluterflies. Can we talk about their their 0:06:37.600 --> 0:06:38.160 bodies now? 0:06:38.360 --> 0:06:41.520 Yes? Yes, thank you for indulging me. I feel so indulged. 0:06:42.080 --> 0:06:47.120 Sure. So, like we mentioned, the head, the thorax, and 0:06:47.120 --> 0:06:50.839 the abdomen of the butterfly will look a lot like 0:06:50.880 --> 0:06:52.960 a caterpillar in some ways if you hold them up 0:06:52.960 --> 0:06:56.840 next to each other, and that's about it. For one, 0:06:56.960 --> 0:07:01.440 A butterfly can see a lot better then a caterpillar. Can. 0:07:02.120 --> 0:07:04.280 I get the idea that it still doesn't have like, 0:07:04.400 --> 0:07:10.560 you know, like great vision, but caterpillars, remember, we're essentially blind. 0:07:11.480 --> 0:07:14.120 Butterflies at least have these compound eyes and they can 0:07:14.160 --> 0:07:16.640 detect color. And I think we said the caterpillar could 0:07:16.640 --> 0:07:19.520 only see in black and white. They can detect movement 0:07:19.560 --> 0:07:22.680 as well. Right, But when it comes to like the 0:07:22.720 --> 0:07:25.760 star of the show, as far as butterfly parts go, 0:07:26.040 --> 0:07:27.320 it's those antennae. 0:07:27.800 --> 0:07:29.840 Well, hold on, before we move on, I've got one 0:07:29.840 --> 0:07:32.840 about the eyes too. Do you know the monarch butterfly 0:07:33.040 --> 0:07:39.080 like basically the quintessential butterfly. Sure, they have twelve thousand eyes, 0:07:39.160 --> 0:07:41.640 both compound and simple, and they go basically all the 0:07:41.640 --> 0:07:42.440 way around their head. 0:07:42.920 --> 0:07:43.840 It's a lot of eyes. 0:07:43.960 --> 0:07:45.520 They can see into your soul. 0:07:46.720 --> 0:07:50.160 And that's why they Maybe that's why they're so great, 0:07:50.200 --> 0:07:52.760 migrating every year such large numbers. 0:07:52.960 --> 0:07:55.920 Possibly. I think we talked about in our Animal Migration episode. 0:07:55.920 --> 0:07:58.400 We talked about monarch butterfly migration, and I think we 0:07:58.520 --> 0:08:01.160 said one of the reasons why they're able to make 0:08:01.200 --> 0:08:03.800 it from eastern Canada all the way down to northwest 0:08:03.880 --> 0:08:08.640 Mexico is because they are they navigate using UV they 0:08:08.640 --> 0:08:09.360 see in the UV. 0:08:10.280 --> 0:08:13.560 Yeah, it's that it's that sun And that's kind of 0:08:13.560 --> 0:08:17.240 brings me back around to antennae. These things are amazing. 0:08:17.320 --> 0:08:21.640 They they get their sense of direction from the position 0:08:21.720 --> 0:08:24.920 of the sun, so they are literally navigating by the 0:08:24.960 --> 0:08:28.200 position of the sun at The antennae also act as 0:08:28.280 --> 0:08:33.840 light receptors, obviously to tract the sun. They're highly attuned 0:08:34.040 --> 0:08:39.440 to odors. Those antenna are great smellers. They sense pheromones 0:08:39.880 --> 0:08:43.000 during times of mating, and they can even sense these 0:08:43.000 --> 0:08:46.720 antennae the beat of wings of butterflies of the same 0:08:46.720 --> 0:08:49.239 species during amazing. 0:08:49.400 --> 0:08:56.680 Just the antennae, Just the antennae. How about the labial palps. 0:08:55.360 --> 0:08:58.240 Well, yeah, those are if you if you look at 0:08:58.280 --> 0:08:59.760 a close up of a butterfly, and they can take 0:09:00.120 --> 0:09:03.360 different positions, but usually I've seen them they look like 0:09:03.480 --> 0:09:06.319 kind of little hairy tusks coming out. 0:09:06.720 --> 0:09:09.360 Coming out of what chuck coming out of their their. 0:09:09.240 --> 0:09:11.600 Head well near the mouth parts. 0:09:11.400 --> 0:09:15.440 Yeaping thing. Okay, it's now officially a Tracy Wilson article. 0:09:15.600 --> 0:09:16.080 That's right. 0:09:16.760 --> 0:09:19.959 So they apparently are like this is food. This isn't food. 0:09:20.040 --> 0:09:23.440 This is food. But they don't eat with the labial palps. 0:09:23.480 --> 0:09:26.880 It's just a way of sensing food. What they eat 0:09:26.920 --> 0:09:32.520 with is their proboscis and that's the long kind of 0:09:32.679 --> 0:09:35.480 tongue like appendage that they suck nectar with. 0:09:36.080 --> 0:09:38.360 That's right, I got one more thing on the labial palps. 0:09:38.360 --> 0:09:40.360 So oh, okay, they. 0:09:41.640 --> 0:09:44.200 They've kind of surmised that it detects food. That the 0:09:44.240 --> 0:09:47.920 function was is fairly unknown, but I think they've learned 0:09:47.960 --> 0:09:50.560 I'm not sure how recently, that they can those labial 0:09:50.559 --> 0:09:54.439 palps detect CO two in the air. Oh, neat as well, 0:09:54.440 --> 0:09:56.000 and they think that might be the main function. 0:09:56.360 --> 0:09:57.400 Oh that's really cool. 0:09:57.840 --> 0:09:58.319 Who knows? 0:09:58.880 --> 0:10:01.079 So instead of seeing D or green, they have the 0:10:01.160 --> 0:10:05.719 labial palps that detect I guess CO two. That was 0:10:05.760 --> 0:10:07.640 a reference to our reality episode. 0:10:07.840 --> 0:10:10.400 Yeah, yeah, So what part did you move to? 0:10:10.880 --> 0:10:13.200 I moved on to their proboscis. 0:10:13.760 --> 0:10:18.440 Oh, everyone loves a good prescos and the uh, the 0:10:18.440 --> 0:10:22.800 butterfly proboscos is interesting because when the butterfly comes out, 0:10:22.840 --> 0:10:25.000 and we'll talk about this morn in a second, it's 0:10:25.000 --> 0:10:27.560 almost like it should have a label that says some 0:10:27.640 --> 0:10:31.280 assembly required. Yeah, because they got to do some stuff 0:10:31.320 --> 0:10:33.640 before they can really do their butterfly thing. And one 0:10:33.679 --> 0:10:38.319 of those things is literally almost like screwing together their proboscis. 0:10:38.520 --> 0:10:41.600 Mm hmmm. Yeah. They have two parts of the proboscis 0:10:41.679 --> 0:10:44.640 that they have to connect in order to start eating. 0:10:44.800 --> 0:10:46.520 So that's one of the first things that they do 0:10:46.559 --> 0:10:48.360 when they e close from their. 0:10:48.320 --> 0:10:50.959 Chrysalis e close. It's a great name. 0:10:51.120 --> 0:10:53.840 Now it sounds like Apple has trademarked it or something. 0:10:55.480 --> 0:10:57.400 And we'll talk more about the proboscos as we go, 0:10:57.520 --> 0:11:01.480 but we do need to mention their leg If you remember, 0:11:01.520 --> 0:11:04.120 the caterpillars have six real legs and then a bunch 0:11:04.160 --> 0:11:07.160 of pro legs. The butterfly says, I don't need those 0:11:07.200 --> 0:11:11.480 pro legs anymore because I'm flying basically, but I've still 0:11:11.520 --> 0:11:15.120 got those six legs. I've got a set of four legs, 0:11:15.120 --> 0:11:18.240 some middle legs and some hind legs. And these things 0:11:18.320 --> 0:11:21.079 are pretty they're more than just legs as well, because 0:11:21.520 --> 0:11:26.120 they will land on something and they're looking for dissolving 0:11:26.240 --> 0:11:29.440 sugars basically to eat, and they're looking for that with 0:11:29.520 --> 0:11:30.240 their legs. 0:11:30.480 --> 0:11:33.760 Yeah. And also you'll probably see fairly commonly that there 0:11:33.760 --> 0:11:37.800 are some butterfly species that only have two pairs of legs, 0:11:37.800 --> 0:11:40.840 and that's not true. They actually have six, but one 0:11:40.960 --> 0:11:43.679 pair is basically shriveled almost to nothingness. 0:11:44.840 --> 0:11:47.160 And by the way, I should clear up when I 0:11:47.200 --> 0:11:50.240 say their legs are looking for dissolving sugars, they're not 0:11:50.360 --> 0:11:53.280 doing it by feel like they are taste organs in 0:11:53.800 --> 0:11:54.520 their feet. 0:11:54.440 --> 0:11:56.360 Yeah, they can taste through all sorts of different organs. 0:11:56.400 --> 0:11:59.800 It's pretty cool. They apparently when they're they step in 0:12:00.200 --> 0:12:06.400 some dissolving sugar, their proboscis uncoils involuntarily, like and it 0:12:06.520 --> 0:12:10.480 just starts sipping nectar immediately. Oh man, So you better 0:12:10.520 --> 0:12:14.720 hope that your your legs are finely attuned to sugar 0:12:14.760 --> 0:12:18.559 and you don't accidentally suck up some really gross stuff. Yeah, 0:12:18.600 --> 0:12:20.880 you know, like, oh it was puss, right. 0:12:20.720 --> 0:12:26.840 Oh my god, Oh, the worst word. It's the worst. 0:12:27.160 --> 0:12:31.439 It's pretty bad and hygenic utensil though. 0:12:31.760 --> 0:12:34.200 Like, what are the odds that one of the grossest 0:12:34.240 --> 0:12:36.000 things has the grossest word. 0:12:36.280 --> 0:12:38.280 I don't know. I wonder if that was intentional? 0:12:39.920 --> 0:12:40.880 Yeah, like, what is that? 0:12:41.200 --> 0:12:41.280 Ugh? 0:12:41.600 --> 0:12:41.920 Puss? 0:12:42.480 --> 0:12:42.720 Right? 0:12:42.920 --> 0:12:45.080 Does that sound gross enough? Sure, let's go with it. 0:12:45.679 --> 0:12:47.400 Can we please stop talking about puss? 0:12:47.880 --> 0:12:52.160 Sure? Webster. The wings, We're going to talk about a lot. 0:12:52.520 --> 0:12:57.160 We did a whole episode on the iridescence of butterfly wings, 0:12:57.280 --> 0:12:59.079 so we're not going to really get into it here, 0:12:59.120 --> 0:13:01.320 but if you want to learn about yourridescence, it's very 0:13:01.360 --> 0:13:05.360 complex and complicated and deserved its own episode many years ago. 0:13:05.559 --> 0:13:07.680 Yeah, but the opshot is the structure of the scales. 0:13:07.679 --> 0:13:11.200 They're transparent, multi layered, and they reflect and amplify light 0:13:11.720 --> 0:13:14.560 multiple times. That was a really cool episode if I 0:13:14.600 --> 0:13:15.920 remember correctly. 0:13:15.960 --> 0:13:18.440 It was, and it was a tough one if I 0:13:18.480 --> 0:13:20.160 remember to absorb. 0:13:20.200 --> 0:13:22.080 Yes, but we did such a great job of it. 0:13:22.160 --> 0:13:24.040 I would like to say we probably just knocked it 0:13:24.040 --> 0:13:25.000 out the park. Really. 0:13:25.360 --> 0:13:28.559 I think so too. But the butterfly wings are made 0:13:28.760 --> 0:13:33.199 of it's transparents called kitan. If you've heard of kitenre, 0:13:33.720 --> 0:13:35.960 you're probably just alive on the earth because it is 0:13:36.679 --> 0:13:41.520 one of the most abundant polysaccharrides in nature. It's I 0:13:41.559 --> 0:13:44.680 think the second most abundant. It's all over the place. 0:13:45.920 --> 0:13:47.800 Their wings are made of that kitan, and they have 0:13:47.880 --> 0:13:51.600 those sort of vein like structures that you can if 0:13:51.600 --> 0:13:54.559 you look at their wings closely. Don't touch them though, 0:13:54.559 --> 0:13:58.200 please no, we talked about that in that episode. But 0:13:58.240 --> 0:14:01.199 they have those four wings that are obviously toward the 0:14:01.240 --> 0:14:04.000 front and they are basically triangular, and then the hind 0:14:04.000 --> 0:14:06.480 wings toward the butt, and they kind of look like 0:14:06.520 --> 0:14:07.319 little seashells. 0:14:07.520 --> 0:14:10.640 Yes, And they're like you said, don't touch them. They're 0:14:10.760 --> 0:14:15.120 very very delicate, and those veins are species specific, so 0:14:15.160 --> 0:14:18.199 that's one of the ways that they use to recognize 0:14:18.200 --> 0:14:19.720 one another when they're mating as well. 0:14:20.560 --> 0:14:23.640 Yeah, and I think butterflies cannot repair their wings, isn't 0:14:23.680 --> 0:14:24.160 that correct? 0:14:24.400 --> 0:14:27.080 Yes, they have no means of doing that. They have 0:14:27.160 --> 0:14:28.680 no car shield for wings. 0:14:29.200 --> 0:14:30.960 But I don't think it kills them. But if a 0:14:30.960 --> 0:14:34.400 butterfly can't fly, that's probably ultimately a death sentence, right. 0:14:34.360 --> 0:14:37.040 That's my guess. It would make them easy prey at 0:14:37.040 --> 0:14:37.760 the very least. 0:14:38.080 --> 0:14:39.680 Yeah, I think that's kind of the deal. When they 0:14:39.680 --> 0:14:42.080 say a butterfly will die if you touch their wings, yes, 0:14:42.440 --> 0:14:43.640 it will die quicker. 0:14:44.760 --> 0:14:49.200 There's something that a butterfly that's recently e closed and 0:14:49.280 --> 0:14:52.160 a baby that's just been born have in common. Do 0:14:52.240 --> 0:14:54.480 you know what it is? Mmmm? 0:14:56.160 --> 0:14:57.200 Maybe? But go ahead. 0:14:57.480 --> 0:15:01.760 They both poop out in a meek oh. 0:15:01.560 --> 0:15:07.240 Sure a human baby? Yeah, yeah, yeah, maconium? Is that 0:15:07.240 --> 0:15:09.840 that first poop that they take. And in this case, 0:15:09.840 --> 0:15:14.160 the butterfly is pooping what it last eight as a caterpillar. 0:15:14.240 --> 0:15:14.960 That's so cool. 0:15:15.400 --> 0:15:16.240 It is really cool. 0:15:16.480 --> 0:15:20.080 It's usually red bright red, almost looks like blood. But 0:15:20.160 --> 0:15:22.320 the butterfly poops that out. That's one of the first 0:15:22.320 --> 0:15:25.720 things it does. It has to clean off all of 0:15:25.760 --> 0:15:28.680 its organs, its feet to make sure it's sugar finding, 0:15:28.720 --> 0:15:32.120 not puss finding. Clean off its antennas, put its proboscis 0:15:32.240 --> 0:15:36.720 together again, let its wings dry out. I saw, and 0:15:36.760 --> 0:15:38.960 I don't think we mentioned in the Caterpillar episode that 0:15:39.280 --> 0:15:43.280 in its last in star it has wings already. They're 0:15:43.360 --> 0:15:46.680 just folded up under its skin. That they develop even 0:15:46.720 --> 0:15:50.480 further in the chrysalis. But when they they're when they 0:15:50.480 --> 0:15:54.120 come out, they're soaking wet because the butterfly was goo 0:15:54.480 --> 0:15:57.200 not too long ago, and they have to spread them 0:15:57.240 --> 0:15:59.200 out and let them dry in the sun before they 0:15:59.240 --> 0:16:02.160 can fly. So they're doing all this like self care, 0:16:03.040 --> 0:16:06.080 basically a morning at the spa right after they're born. 0:16:06.680 --> 0:16:10.000 Yeah, but they can't just like flop their wings open immediately. 0:16:10.280 --> 0:16:13.440 They actually have to pump them up, almost like an 0:16:13.440 --> 0:16:17.520 air pump inflating a raft or something. Or some high tops, yeah, 0:16:17.640 --> 0:16:21.920 or some oh man, remember those. That's so funny. What 0:16:22.000 --> 0:16:24.360 a scam. That was a scam. 0:16:24.440 --> 0:16:27.080 Right, I'm quite sure you could break your ankle in 0:16:27.120 --> 0:16:28.800 that just as easily as any other shoe. 0:16:28.840 --> 0:16:30.960 Sure. Yeah, it may give you like a little tighter 0:16:31.000 --> 0:16:33.400 fit or something. I don't know about that, Uh, and 0:16:33.480 --> 0:16:36.880 for people that are our young our younger listeners. If 0:16:36.920 --> 0:16:40.080 you don't know who Millie Vanilli was, or pump up 0:16:40.120 --> 0:16:42.640 basketball shoes, there were I think Rebock. 0:16:42.440 --> 0:16:44.880 Right, pretty sure it was Rebock. 0:16:44.840 --> 0:16:47.280 Had basketball shoes that on the tongue had a little 0:16:47.320 --> 0:16:50.960 basketball that was a little pump, and you would put 0:16:51.000 --> 0:16:52.680 on your shoes, tie them up, and then press that 0:16:52.720 --> 0:16:54.960 pump a bunch of times and it would fill some 0:16:55.720 --> 0:16:58.200 cavities with air, I guess, and make your shoes tighter. 0:16:58.320 --> 0:17:00.840 Yeah, especially around your ank clothes to give you extra 0:17:00.880 --> 0:17:03.480 ankle support so you could daunt easier, even though you've 0:17:03.520 --> 0:17:04.720 never donked in your life. 0:17:05.000 --> 0:17:10.400 That's right. But they had Spudweb repping them, so oh yeah, yeah, 0:17:10.400 --> 0:17:12.920 I think I think he was one of their pitch 0:17:12.960 --> 0:17:16.280 guys for a little while. Okay, cool, but anyway, the 0:17:16.320 --> 0:17:17.600 butterfly Wait. 0:17:17.400 --> 0:17:19.040 Wait, should we explain who spud Web? 0:17:20.119 --> 0:17:23.120 He was a diminutive NBA player. Yeah, for these good 0:17:23.160 --> 0:17:24.800 line to get his autograph one time. Yeah. 0:17:24.880 --> 0:17:25.280 Nice. 0:17:27.000 --> 0:17:29.400 They pump their wings out, but not with air. There's 0:17:29.400 --> 0:17:31.800 a fluid that they pump through these those two black 0:17:31.880 --> 0:17:34.639 veins we were talking about and just sort of inflate 0:17:34.720 --> 0:17:37.000 them out and like you said, they just get all 0:17:37.040 --> 0:17:38.880 cleaned up and ready to fly. 0:17:39.359 --> 0:17:43.119 Yes, And then once they're all ready, they start flying 0:17:43.280 --> 0:17:45.840 and they realize very quickly, up it's not a very 0:17:45.880 --> 0:17:47.840 good day to fly. And I say we take a 0:17:47.880 --> 0:17:50.000 break and come back and explain just what in the 0:17:50.040 --> 0:17:51.439 holy heck I'm talking about? 0:18:15.359 --> 0:18:17.160 All right, what in the holy heck are you talking about? 0:18:17.720 --> 0:18:21.520 Oh well, let me explain, Chuck. It turns out that butterflies, 0:18:21.960 --> 0:18:24.880 while being pretty hardy individuals at least as far as 0:18:24.920 --> 0:18:28.480 insects are concerned, on that level, they're also very delicate, 0:18:28.520 --> 0:18:31.600 like we talked about with their wings, and even beyond 0:18:31.600 --> 0:18:34.960 their wings, getting like a rain drop driving through it 0:18:35.040 --> 0:18:39.479 that can happen, or say like strong wind pattering it. 0:18:39.720 --> 0:18:44.119 That's a big problem for a butterfly. Just the temperature, 0:18:44.240 --> 0:18:47.680 the ambient temperature has a tremendous effect on them, not 0:18:47.760 --> 0:18:50.560 just because they're ectotherms, meaning they're like a lizard. They 0:18:50.600 --> 0:18:54.440 rely on the ambient temperature to warm themselves or cool 0:18:54.480 --> 0:18:59.440 themselves off. Their muscles just simply will not function when 0:18:59.480 --> 0:19:01.280 it drops below a certain temperature. 0:19:01.840 --> 0:19:05.240 Yeah, I think Tracy points out they work best when 0:19:05.280 --> 0:19:10.040 their internal temperature is about eighty two fahrenheit twenty eight celsius. 0:19:11.119 --> 0:19:13.160 And you know, they use these wings for flying, which 0:19:13.160 --> 0:19:15.399 is great, but you might think like, oh, it's no 0:19:15.440 --> 0:19:17.359 big deal. If it's cold, they just kind of hunker down. 0:19:17.720 --> 0:19:21.320 But they also use these wings to do all kinds 0:19:21.320 --> 0:19:25.560 of like cool things, like, namely to scare away predators. 0:19:25.560 --> 0:19:28.000 They can do all sorts of like they can make 0:19:28.040 --> 0:19:30.720 eyes where it looks like a scary face, kind of 0:19:30.720 --> 0:19:33.880 like their little caterpillar former selves can look like snakes. 0:19:34.520 --> 0:19:37.000 They can flash these bright colors that a lot of 0:19:37.000 --> 0:19:40.080 times say get away predator. And if they can't move 0:19:40.160 --> 0:19:43.560 their wings, it's not just that they can't fly, but 0:19:43.600 --> 0:19:47.080 they can't defend themselves or disguise themselves. So it means 0:19:47.119 --> 0:19:50.000 that when it's cold outside, or when it's two windy 0:19:50.080 --> 0:19:52.600 or rainy or something, then they're way more vulnerable to 0:19:52.640 --> 0:19:57.520 prey for sure, or as prey. 0:19:56.760 --> 0:19:59.640 Right, but even prey could probably get them. That's how 0:19:59.760 --> 0:20:03.280 yeah lable they are so for sure. So you'll often 0:20:03.400 --> 0:20:05.840 see like butterflies is kind of basking in the sun. 0:20:06.480 --> 0:20:09.160 I've always wondered what they're doing, Like they just seem 0:20:09.240 --> 0:20:12.200 like they're they don't know what to do next. That's 0:20:12.200 --> 0:20:14.760 how it's always struck me. For some reason, they're thinking 0:20:14.800 --> 0:20:17.840 of their next move, but in reality, they're just sitting 0:20:17.840 --> 0:20:19.880 there getting warmed up by the sun so they can 0:20:19.960 --> 0:20:22.520 fly to another spot. And if you stop and think 0:20:22.560 --> 0:20:24.840 about it, the next time you see a butterfly basking 0:20:24.840 --> 0:20:29.160 in the sun, I'll bet it's below eighty degrees out 0:20:29.359 --> 0:20:32.560 and the butterflies having to warm itself so it can 0:20:32.600 --> 0:20:35.480 fly on to the next flower to eat or rest 0:20:35.560 --> 0:20:36.080 or whatever. 0:20:36.520 --> 0:20:39.840 Yeah, that's a good point. They do take shelter at 0:20:39.920 --> 0:20:42.640 night when it gets chilly. That's why you don't see 0:20:42.720 --> 0:20:45.120 butterflies flying around at night mainly. And like you said, 0:20:45.160 --> 0:20:53.240 they're what are daytime dwellers called diurnal diurnal day urinal? Yeah, 0:20:53.640 --> 0:20:56.080 day ernal? Is that how you remember it? 0:20:57.640 --> 0:20:58.240 Now? It is? 0:20:58.560 --> 0:21:01.560 Okay, you do remember it. That's how I need to 0:21:01.600 --> 0:21:04.840 remember it, right. But yeah, they bass those wings. They'll 0:21:04.880 --> 0:21:08.879 sit around on rocks, they shelter at night sometimes that 0:21:08.960 --> 0:21:11.480 they will actually do like a kind of like human 0:21:11.520 --> 0:21:14.320 shiver to warm up. They can kind of shake their 0:21:14.359 --> 0:21:18.040 butterfly wings to get their muscles warmed up to fly. 0:21:18.240 --> 0:21:19.960 They just can't go out cold. They gotta do a 0:21:19.960 --> 0:21:20.840 little warm up first. 0:21:21.000 --> 0:21:26.480 It's like that knee hike thing, their knees really really high, 0:21:26.560 --> 0:21:28.240 like in place a bunch of times. 0:21:28.560 --> 0:21:33.040 Yeah, that soccer players do. Yeah, like that ted Lasso guy. 0:21:33.640 --> 0:21:35.840 Right, then there's a name for that. But don't bother 0:21:35.960 --> 0:21:38.240 emailing us with it. We can figure it out ourselves. 0:21:39.640 --> 0:21:43.159 They also can use those wings as little reflectors, like 0:21:43.200 --> 0:21:45.160 you know how in the nineteen fifties and sixties people 0:21:45.160 --> 0:21:48.160 would sit out in the sun with those reflectors under 0:21:48.160 --> 0:21:51.359 their neck to reflect sun back on their faces. They 0:21:51.400 --> 0:21:53.960 can use their wings to do that to their body 0:21:54.000 --> 0:21:54.520 and warm. 0:21:54.359 --> 0:21:57.480 It up, right, which is pretty cool. They can also 0:21:57.960 --> 0:22:00.199 they can also keep the sun from warming them up 0:22:00.200 --> 0:22:02.679 when it's too hot out. They'll fold their wings together 0:22:02.720 --> 0:22:06.080 and just present like the edge, the outer edge of 0:22:06.280 --> 0:22:11.359 their wings to the sun, so there's much less surface area. 0:22:11.480 --> 0:22:15.280 Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. And they, like 0:22:15.320 --> 0:22:17.520 you said, when you see them sitting, they're probably not 0:22:17.600 --> 0:22:21.200 sitting for long. They're probably sitting just so they can 0:22:22.280 --> 0:22:25.200 get it going to fly again very shortly. 0:22:25.000 --> 0:22:28.760 Exactly, so, even though they're sitting there warming themselves up 0:22:28.800 --> 0:22:32.360 to move from flower to flower even and that's typically 0:22:32.400 --> 0:22:35.360 what you see. There's a lot of species I see 0:22:35.359 --> 0:22:39.520 at least two hundred that migrate over very long distances, 0:22:40.160 --> 0:22:42.640 and monarchs are the ones that they're like the money, 0:22:42.800 --> 0:22:45.480 the money butterfly that everybody knows about. But one of 0:22:45.480 --> 0:22:48.600 the reasons why is because they migrate so far. Again, 0:22:49.000 --> 0:22:53.160 they migrate from eastern Canada to northwest Mexico. It takes 0:22:53.200 --> 0:22:56.560 eight months, and not a single butterfly that starts that 0:22:56.680 --> 0:23:00.600 journey is alive at the end. So it's like you 0:23:00.680 --> 0:23:03.240 look at the butterfly. By the way, the butterfly flock 0:23:03.960 --> 0:23:07.640 or a group of butterflies is called the kaleidoscope. Mm 0:23:08.240 --> 0:23:10.960 I love that also, that's the official one. They're also 0:23:11.040 --> 0:23:14.120 called flutter, shimmer, and rainbow of butterflies. 0:23:14.880 --> 0:23:16.760 Okay, a flutter of butterflies, yep. 0:23:17.000 --> 0:23:19.560 But you look at the kaleidoscope of butterflies, it's like 0:23:19.600 --> 0:23:23.320 a single organism in each individual butterfly that lives and 0:23:23.359 --> 0:23:27.800 dies and reproduces, not necessarily in that order, as kind 0:23:27.800 --> 0:23:30.920 of like cells that function and make up the larger hole. 0:23:30.960 --> 0:23:34.639 But it's really a bunch of individual butterflies flying together, 0:23:34.680 --> 0:23:38.439 but migrating as a whole down from eastern Canada to 0:23:38.560 --> 0:23:39.600 northwest Mexico. 0:23:40.320 --> 0:23:43.680 Yeah, and I guess since we're there. There was a 0:23:45.119 --> 0:23:51.240 big deforestation, illegal deforestation, logging operation in Mexico at the 0:23:51.240 --> 0:23:56.399 Butterfly Biosphere Reserve in twenty fifteen and they got like 0:23:56.760 --> 0:23:59.040 I can't remember, like thirty or forty acres of land 0:23:59.720 --> 0:24:02.920 just down before anyone knew what was going on. And 0:24:03.040 --> 0:24:05.560 since then, and we can't get into it here because 0:24:05.600 --> 0:24:09.080 it's really complex, but they have this very involved plan 0:24:09.160 --> 0:24:13.200 that they've been enacting since then of reforestation, including something 0:24:13.200 --> 0:24:16.720 called assisted migration that I don't fully understand yet, but 0:24:16.760 --> 0:24:17.840 I'm going to look into it more. 0:24:18.000 --> 0:24:21.280 They just drive slowly by some butterflies, swipe them into 0:24:21.359 --> 0:24:23.000 the car and drive them halfway. 0:24:23.600 --> 0:24:26.040 Well, things are better now, but there were a billion 0:24:26.119 --> 0:24:29.520 butterflies in that migration in nineteen ninety six, and in 0:24:30.200 --> 0:24:32.480 I think twenty sixteen that was down to thirty five 0:24:32.560 --> 0:24:35.680 million from a billion, and I think has since gone 0:24:35.760 --> 0:24:37.280 up due to these efforts. 0:24:37.280 --> 0:24:38.240 But that's good. 0:24:38.800 --> 0:24:42.160 Yeah. Then, you know, butterflies, if you take down where 0:24:42.160 --> 0:24:45.080 they're trying to get to, then they're. 0:24:44.880 --> 0:24:49.520 Going to die. Yeah, And that's that Biosphere Reserve is 0:24:49.560 --> 0:24:52.199 a UNESCO World Heritage Site and you can go visit it. 0:24:52.800 --> 0:24:56.479 But apparently when the number of butterflies that show up 0:24:56.520 --> 0:25:00.840 are in the billions. The branch is that they're sitting 0:25:00.920 --> 0:25:04.200 on bend under the weight of butterflies. That's how many 0:25:04.280 --> 0:25:08.480 butterflies there are sometimes. But yes, it's very problematic that 0:25:08.520 --> 0:25:11.200 there's fewer and fewer. I'm glad to hear that it's 0:25:11.280 --> 0:25:13.359 kind of bounced back a little bit, but they're still 0:25:14.520 --> 0:25:19.640 under I don't know if they're endangered or just critical 0:25:19.840 --> 0:25:23.000 right now, but there's there's something to keep an eye on, 0:25:23.040 --> 0:25:25.840 as we'll see, because they're an indicator species. 0:25:25.800 --> 0:25:29.880 They are, and they're also pollinators. They're not, you know, 0:25:30.640 --> 0:25:33.720 the best pollinators, but they're pretty good. They're not like bees. 0:25:33.760 --> 0:25:35.720 I mean, bees were made to pollinate. 0:25:36.160 --> 0:25:38.680 They wear shirts that they do. 0:25:39.160 --> 0:25:44.000 They wear be shirts. But the some butterflies, some butterflies 0:25:44.000 --> 0:25:46.480 don't spread pollen at all. They just love that nectar. 0:25:47.240 --> 0:25:50.520 But generally butterflies are looked at as polleners, and they 0:25:50.520 --> 0:25:53.480 have that proboscis like you said, that's just it's made 0:25:53.520 --> 0:25:56.480 for diving deep into those flowers and getting all that 0:25:56.520 --> 0:26:02.119 sweet stuff. But butterflies have lots of dietary needs. They 0:26:02.160 --> 0:26:05.200 can't just get bynd that sweet, sweet sugar. They need 0:26:05.240 --> 0:26:07.760 minerals and stuff, and they get this in a variety 0:26:07.760 --> 0:26:08.560 of interesting ways. 0:26:08.600 --> 0:26:12.240 Right, Yeah, one is puddles. They'll just descend on a 0:26:12.240 --> 0:26:17.520 puddle that's bare dirt. I don't think asphalt would work, So, yeah, 0:26:17.520 --> 0:26:20.160 it's kind of gross to think about. But the minerals 0:26:20.200 --> 0:26:23.040 from the dirt and the soil leach into the puddle, 0:26:23.080 --> 0:26:26.400 and the butterflies suck up those minerals through the puddle, 0:26:26.640 --> 0:26:30.119 and apparently if there's not enough minerals for their liking, 0:26:30.600 --> 0:26:33.720 they'll actually flutter off real quick and then come back 0:26:33.760 --> 0:26:37.359 to the puddle, and just that little butterfly movement is 0:26:37.480 --> 0:26:41.240 enough disturbance of the water to bring some extra minerals 0:26:41.320 --> 0:26:44.080 to the surface of the puddle for them to drink 0:26:44.560 --> 0:26:48.080 and to create a hurricane in Belize. 0:26:48.320 --> 0:26:53.720 Right, if there's no water, it's pretty gross. If it 0:26:53.760 --> 0:26:58.960 gets pretty bad, they will resort to puking onto the 0:26:59.000 --> 0:27:02.040 soil and then drinking that mineral puke. 0:27:02.240 --> 0:27:03.280 I took it more as spit. 0:27:05.000 --> 0:27:07.760 Hey one man's man's that's right. 0:27:08.440 --> 0:27:11.119 But yeah, they need the minerals, the nutrients, and it's 0:27:11.240 --> 0:27:12.439 just not enough for the nectar. 0:27:13.119 --> 0:27:16.360 Yeah, exactly, They've done some studies because they'll they'll eat fruit. 0:27:16.400 --> 0:27:18.760 They'll eat rotten fruit on the ground, or they will 0:27:18.880 --> 0:27:21.560 get on a piece of fruit. They will stomp on 0:27:21.600 --> 0:27:24.080 it with their little feet to try and tenderize it 0:27:24.119 --> 0:27:27.000 a little bit and then jab it with that proboscis 0:27:28.040 --> 0:27:30.919 and drink it up. And they've done studies that have 0:27:31.040 --> 0:27:35.800 found that the fruit eaters live longer and are better 0:27:35.960 --> 0:27:39.760 at reproducing in studies because they I think it was 0:27:39.800 --> 0:27:47.119 the monarchs, even they fed them either mash banana or sugar, 0:27:47.720 --> 0:27:50.560 and the ones that ate the mash banana laid almost 0:27:50.600 --> 0:27:54.280 two times as many eggs, and those eggs were bigger 0:27:54.359 --> 0:27:57.000 and like more robust and vital as well. 0:27:57.280 --> 0:28:00.640 Yeah. I also read that they tend to be easier 0:28:00.720 --> 0:28:03.679 going in social situations and are more well liked by their. 0:28:03.520 --> 0:28:06.720 Peers, the fruit eaters. Yeah, oh wow. 0:28:07.320 --> 0:28:10.280 So there's a couple other places that they can get 0:28:10.400 --> 0:28:14.360 nutrients and minerals, dung and urine. Butterflies are not above that, 0:28:15.240 --> 0:28:19.760 especially if they need it really badly. But when they're 0:28:20.200 --> 0:28:23.760 getting it from a puddle, it's called puddling. There's just 0:28:23.760 --> 0:28:26.800 so many great words around butterflies, and there's a specific 0:28:26.880 --> 0:28:32.359 word for butterflies pollinating plants. It's called psychophily like psychophillly, 0:28:32.400 --> 0:28:37.560 but with one l Okay, specifically, butterflies pollinating plants is psychophily. 0:28:38.480 --> 0:28:38.960 I love that. 0:28:39.240 --> 0:28:41.200 I thought you would. I found that and I was like, 0:28:41.240 --> 0:28:42.160 fuck's gonna love this. 0:28:43.440 --> 0:28:45.960 The sexy stuff you mentioned. They you know, butterflies love 0:28:46.040 --> 0:28:50.280 to try and reproduce, and they reproduce like a lot 0:28:50.320 --> 0:28:53.840 of animals. They they join themselves, they join end to 0:28:54.000 --> 0:28:57.360 end at the abdomen. I think the male has a 0:28:57.760 --> 0:29:03.960 like class clasps down on the female to make sure 0:29:03.960 --> 0:29:08.200 they stay together. And there is sperm from the male 0:29:08.440 --> 0:29:10.880 that is eventually going to fertilize the eggs of a female. 0:29:10.920 --> 0:29:14.880 But not like you would think. It's pretty remarkable because 0:29:14.880 --> 0:29:17.520 what they do is they well, first of all, they 0:29:17.520 --> 0:29:20.680 have to recognize each other, like I said, using those antennae, 0:29:21.200 --> 0:29:25.000 they recognize themselves as the same species or whatever, and 0:29:25.320 --> 0:29:27.800 through their pheromones as well, which is also the antennae. 0:29:28.360 --> 0:29:34.000 And then the male delivers a spermatophor. So it's like, hey, 0:29:34.160 --> 0:29:36.840 I don't just have sperm for you. I've packaged it 0:29:36.920 --> 0:29:39.840 up in a little package for you, and it's got 0:29:39.880 --> 0:29:42.200 all these other minerals and nutrients that you love. That 0:29:42.240 --> 0:29:46.520 will help you in this fertilization process, and they will 0:29:46.600 --> 0:29:50.720 take extra time to get an extra good spermatophore package 0:29:50.760 --> 0:29:54.440 ready to be an extra attractive mate to the good 0:29:54.480 --> 0:29:56.840 ones will well, sure. 0:29:57.840 --> 0:30:03.400 So the the I guess the female butterflies when they 0:30:03.440 --> 0:30:08.840 fertilize their eggs, they use the last sperm that was 0:30:08.880 --> 0:30:11.560 inserted to them, the last spermatophor package. 0:30:11.960 --> 0:30:12.240 Yeah. 0:30:12.240 --> 0:30:16.080 So there are some species where the male will basically 0:30:16.560 --> 0:30:20.600 close up shop after he's inserted a spermataphor with kind 0:30:20.600 --> 0:30:23.400 of like a sticky substance that prevents more sperm from 0:30:23.480 --> 0:30:26.560 going in. So his sperm is the most recent sperm. 0:30:27.320 --> 0:30:29.480 Yeah, that's not very cool at all. But I guess 0:30:29.560 --> 0:30:32.000 that guy's also like, you know what am I doing 0:30:32.120 --> 0:30:34.320 giving you my spermataphor if you're just gonna use the 0:30:34.400 --> 0:30:36.360 latest spermataphor that. 0:30:36.400 --> 0:30:38.400 You got Exactly, I went to a lot of trouble 0:30:38.480 --> 0:30:40.000 combining the spermatophoor. 0:30:40.760 --> 0:30:42.880 Yeah, like, look at this stuff, Look at all these minerals. 0:30:44.000 --> 0:30:45.560 I also saw that some of the males in some 0:30:45.600 --> 0:30:49.840 species will spray them with an off putting scent. Huh, 0:30:49.880 --> 0:30:53.520 so no other butterflies will want them. There are mating 0:30:53.600 --> 0:30:58.000 dances that they'll do, and they, you know, when the 0:30:58.120 --> 0:31:01.240 female gets this super metaphor, they put it in their 0:31:01.280 --> 0:31:04.120 bursa and then they wait until they're ready to lay 0:31:04.160 --> 0:31:07.239 their eggs, and they actually lay the eggs first and 0:31:07.320 --> 0:31:10.320 then use the sperm to fertilize them once they have 0:31:10.400 --> 0:31:13.200 laid the eggs, which is also I think pretty unusual 0:31:13.360 --> 0:31:14.680 in the insect kingdom, right. 0:31:15.120 --> 0:31:18.680 I don't know. For some reason, I had the impression 0:31:18.680 --> 0:31:22.320 that they were fertilizing each egg as they were coming out, 0:31:22.560 --> 0:31:25.000 kind of like a pez dispenser. Yeah. 0:31:25.080 --> 0:31:26.680 Yeah, that's what I mean though, But they're not like, 0:31:26.920 --> 0:31:29.360 they're not fertilized in the body. 0:31:29.560 --> 0:31:32.000 I see what you're saying. They're fertilized externally. 0:31:32.400 --> 0:31:34.240 Yeah, yeah, sure, that's the word. 0:31:35.760 --> 0:31:38.600 One other thing you talked about terrible smells. I turned 0:31:38.680 --> 0:31:45.520 up that there some pheromones are pleasant smelling to humans. Specifically, 0:31:45.880 --> 0:31:49.040 let me tell you about the green vein white butterfly. 0:31:49.640 --> 0:31:50.360 Let's hear it. 0:31:50.360 --> 0:31:53.320 It puts together lemon oil for all intents and purposes. 0:31:53.360 --> 0:31:56.080 It has the same chemical composition as lemon oil, but 0:31:56.160 --> 0:31:58.840 it's the pheromone it produces to attract a mate. And 0:31:58.880 --> 0:32:00.800 I got to tell you, lemon old is a pretty 0:32:00.800 --> 0:32:02.360 great smell. It would attract me too. 0:32:02.840 --> 0:32:03.320 I love it. 0:32:03.360 --> 0:32:06.120 So if you ever smell a great veined white during 0:32:06.160 --> 0:32:08.520 mating season, you're going to smell some lemon oil. 0:32:10.680 --> 0:32:14.240 The gestation periods about three days, and they lay anywhere 0:32:14.360 --> 0:32:18.240 from ten to three hundred eggs in clusters over a 0:32:18.280 --> 0:32:19.560 two to four week period. 0:32:20.520 --> 0:32:21.640 Oh wow, it's that long. 0:32:22.760 --> 0:32:26.520 Yeah, it can't. Yeah, two to four weeks and these eggs, 0:32:26.640 --> 0:32:29.000 you know, they lay that many because it's tough for 0:32:29.040 --> 0:32:33.200 these eggs to survive into adulthood. They got to be 0:32:33.360 --> 0:32:35.600 The temperature's got to be just right, humidity's got to 0:32:35.640 --> 0:32:38.560 be just right. They can rot very easily if it's 0:32:38.560 --> 0:32:41.560 too wet. If it's not wet enough, they're going to 0:32:41.640 --> 0:32:44.560 dry out. And then of course there's all those predators 0:32:44.640 --> 0:32:46.720 that are just dying to eat those butterfly eggs. 0:32:46.840 --> 0:32:50.200 They need to find the goldilock zone with the humidity. 0:32:49.680 --> 0:32:52.280 For the eggs, that's right. They do so. 0:32:52.800 --> 0:32:54.959 They also make sure that they put the eggs on 0:32:55.040 --> 0:32:58.440 their baby's favorite food, which is a certain kind of plant. 0:33:00.080 --> 0:33:04.080 Their butterflies are very frequently indiscriminate pollinators. They just go 0:33:04.120 --> 0:33:06.400 from plant to plant but there are also plenty of 0:33:06.440 --> 0:33:09.440 species that are very plant specific, and those are the 0:33:09.440 --> 0:33:12.680 ones where they will not only eat that plant while 0:33:12.960 --> 0:33:15.960 they're caterpillars, they were probably born on that same plant 0:33:16.000 --> 0:33:16.440 as well. 0:33:16.840 --> 0:33:18.800 We used to have a butterfly bush in our yard 0:33:18.880 --> 0:33:23.040 that was those things get really big and out of control, 0:33:24.000 --> 0:33:25.520 kind of in a we have sort of a wild 0:33:25.560 --> 0:33:28.440 garden anyway. It's not like a you know, super manicure 0:33:28.480 --> 0:33:31.240 like English type garden. It's kind of a crazy, fun garden. 0:33:31.680 --> 0:33:34.400 So it fit in the garden and we had tons 0:33:34.480 --> 0:33:37.600 and tons of butterflies, but it went away, and I 0:33:37.640 --> 0:33:39.400 don't know if it was because I think some people, 0:33:40.320 --> 0:33:42.240 well I think it could be an invasive species, and 0:33:42.240 --> 0:33:44.720 a lot of people say, like they'll plant the butterfly bush, 0:33:44.840 --> 0:33:47.000 but we had one for a while but don't now, 0:33:47.040 --> 0:33:49.280 so Emily may have taken it down for that reason. 0:33:49.360 --> 0:33:52.440 So the reason it's considered invasive and harmful the butterflies 0:33:52.520 --> 0:33:55.520 is it produces tons of nectar, but it has no 0:33:55.880 --> 0:34:00.600 value in supporting eggs or the life stylele of it 0:34:00.680 --> 0:34:05.240 other than nectar for adults. And so it's a distraction 0:34:05.480 --> 0:34:09.200 from native plants that do provide not just nectar but 0:34:09.280 --> 0:34:12.400 also shelter and a place to lay their eggs. So 0:34:12.440 --> 0:34:15.480 it actually disrupts the life cycle of local butterflies. Even 0:34:15.520 --> 0:34:18.000 though it's a butterfly bush and they love it, it's 0:34:18.040 --> 0:34:20.200 actually bad for them. So I have to go cut 0:34:20.200 --> 0:34:21.160 down mine after this. 0:34:22.160 --> 0:34:24.440 Even if you have a lot of those natives nearby, 0:34:24.640 --> 0:34:26.080 like as a whole, it's still bad. 0:34:26.040 --> 0:34:28.879 Yes, because it's a distraction, because it's so chuck full 0:34:28.920 --> 0:34:31.560 of nectar that they go to that one instead and 0:34:31.640 --> 0:34:32.279 just die off. 0:34:33.320 --> 0:34:35.759 Well, some distractions are okay, right, like television. 0:34:36.480 --> 0:34:39.040 Sure, you could put a TV with an extension cord 0:34:39.080 --> 0:34:41.480 out in your butterfly garden. That's not going to harm them. 0:34:41.760 --> 0:34:44.439 If you have a butterfly bush, you have to chop 0:34:44.480 --> 0:34:46.759 it down. I command you, all right. 0:34:47.520 --> 0:34:49.680 They're really pretty though, and it's fun to see other butterflies, 0:34:49.680 --> 0:34:51.480 but yeah, I get you in. 0:34:51.800 --> 0:34:55.479 But wait until you've planted other plants, which we'll talk about, 0:34:55.560 --> 0:34:58.200 and then you can chop down your butterfly bush. 0:34:58.440 --> 0:35:00.880 All right, Well, let's take a break or second break, 0:35:01.480 --> 0:35:04.520 and we'll talk a little bit more about what's going 0:35:04.560 --> 0:35:32.520 on with a butterfly population and butterfly gardens right after this. Okay, Well, 0:35:32.560 --> 0:35:36.839 we talked already about the Monarchs and how they had 0:35:36.880 --> 0:35:39.880 been hit hard from the illegal logging going on in 0:35:39.920 --> 0:35:46.600 Mexico in the mid twenty tens. And in general, butterflies 0:35:46.640 --> 0:35:49.919 are doing okay, but there are some you know, pesticides 0:35:49.920 --> 0:35:52.839 and things like that. I think one of the other 0:35:52.880 --> 0:35:56.800 big reasons besides the logging for that migration of the monarchs, 0:35:56.800 --> 0:35:59.880 I think pesticides has killed a lot of milkweed, which 0:36:00.040 --> 0:36:03.760 I think the monarchs love. So pesticides are a big threat. 0:36:03.800 --> 0:36:06.080 And it's not like I'm just going to spray this 0:36:06.080 --> 0:36:08.200 one little part of my garden, Like pesticides in your 0:36:08.239 --> 0:36:11.799 garden in one part of your garden generally means it's 0:36:11.840 --> 0:36:13.320 in most parts of your garden. 0:36:13.400 --> 0:36:15.560 Yeah, it travels very easily. But on top of that, 0:36:15.600 --> 0:36:20.360 butterflies are extremely sensitive to pesticides, So I don't know 0:36:20.400 --> 0:36:23.840 about herbicides, but definitely pesticides. So if you're going to 0:36:23.880 --> 0:36:27.040 plan a butterfly garden, you want to use natural pest defenses. 0:36:27.400 --> 0:36:30.000 But that's a big thing that's killing off butterflies and 0:36:30.080 --> 0:36:33.759 bees too. Yeah, and then also we talked about it 0:36:33.760 --> 0:36:35.440 in the last episode. A lot of people think of 0:36:35.480 --> 0:36:37.880 caterpillars as pests. It's like, oh, you ate some of them, 0:36:37.920 --> 0:36:41.480 I lettuce, I'm going to kill all of you. That 0:36:42.400 --> 0:36:45.400 kills butterflies too. They never make it to be adult butterflies, 0:36:45.400 --> 0:36:49.319 and you've just disrupted generations of butterflies that could have 0:36:49.400 --> 0:36:52.319 been So when you put all that together, humans have 0:36:52.400 --> 0:36:56.640 not been super good for butterflies. Did you mention urbanization 0:36:56.760 --> 0:37:01.120 and rhodes too, No, those are a problem. Like anytime 0:37:01.160 --> 0:37:03.960 we build somewhere, we destroy plants, and those often are 0:37:04.040 --> 0:37:07.880 butterflies or that's a butterfly habitat. And then the roads 0:37:07.920 --> 0:37:11.640 that we have, the marginal land alongside of the roads 0:37:11.640 --> 0:37:17.120 are often like great places for butterfly centric plants to grow. 0:37:17.480 --> 0:37:19.480 But that means that the butterflies are very close to 0:37:19.560 --> 0:37:22.239 cars that are going seventy eighty miles an hour, which 0:37:22.280 --> 0:37:24.200 is never good for the butterfly when they come in 0:37:24.239 --> 0:37:27.360 contact with them. So yeah, like I was saying, humans 0:37:27.360 --> 0:37:30.759 have been kind of bad for butterflies. But fortunately we're 0:37:30.760 --> 0:37:34.000 starting to wake up and see the value in butterflies 0:37:34.040 --> 0:37:36.920 goes beyond like let's put that thing on a stamp, 0:37:37.280 --> 0:37:39.839 Like there's there's more value to the butterfly than just 0:37:39.880 --> 0:37:43.040 its esthetic beauty. But that makes it plenty valuable in 0:37:43.080 --> 0:37:43.800 and of itself. 0:37:44.600 --> 0:37:49.239 I wonder if butterflies and other insects would ever if 0:37:49.320 --> 0:37:52.360 natural selection would be such that they would learn to 0:37:52.440 --> 0:37:55.760 fly higher than the height of an average car. 0:37:56.360 --> 0:37:58.879 Sure, I could see that, but then they run into 0:37:58.920 --> 0:38:02.440 semis and there's like it's going to take millions more 0:38:02.560 --> 0:38:04.560 years to get higher than a semi. 0:38:05.120 --> 0:38:06.240 Yeah, that's a good point. 0:38:06.520 --> 0:38:09.760 Maybe they'll figure out how to fly undercrs very quickly. 0:38:10.239 --> 0:38:17.240 Okay, that collecting butterflies is, believe it or not, another 0:38:17.320 --> 0:38:21.880 thing that has hit the butterfly population. Butterfly collecting butterflies 0:38:21.960 --> 0:38:26.520 is a thing. Hunting butterflies and putting them behind glass 0:38:26.560 --> 0:38:29.799 in your office is a thing that some people are 0:38:29.840 --> 0:38:32.239 really into. And I don't know a lot about that, 0:38:33.160 --> 0:38:37.719 but I do know that that there are certain species 0:38:37.760 --> 0:38:42.000 that are endangered, and part of the problem is over collecting. 0:38:42.080 --> 0:38:45.359 Yeah, and the more rare a butterfly species gets, the 0:38:45.360 --> 0:38:49.880 more desirable it is for collectors, and the more collecting 0:38:50.000 --> 0:38:53.600 harms that population because it's so small. So or a 0:38:53.640 --> 0:38:55.160 Burroughs but the worst kind. 0:38:55.960 --> 0:38:58.680 Yeah, And I imagine we'll hear from some collectors who 0:38:59.640 --> 0:39:01.680 who can tell us that there are responsible ways of 0:39:01.719 --> 0:39:03.759 doing this. I really don't know enough about it to 0:39:03.760 --> 0:39:06.000 speak to it, but I'm not going to click butterflies, 0:39:06.000 --> 0:39:06.799 That's all I'm gonna say. 0:39:07.719 --> 0:39:09.760 Yeah, I wonder if it's one of those things like ivory, 0:39:09.800 --> 0:39:12.520 where it's like, Okay, this happened, this is done, Like 0:39:12.600 --> 0:39:17.720 these things are out there and we're not just gonna 0:39:17.719 --> 0:39:21.600 throw them away. That's an even bigger waste. Right, So, 0:39:22.200 --> 0:39:26.680 like antique ivory or antique taxidermy, butterflies are legal, but 0:39:26.800 --> 0:39:29.960 anything new is illegal. I wonder if it's treated like 0:39:30.040 --> 0:39:32.400 that or what. But I get the impression that butterflies 0:39:32.400 --> 0:39:35.680 don't have that much legal protection. I think they do 0:39:35.760 --> 0:39:38.600 on paper, but it's very rarely enforced. 0:39:38.840 --> 0:39:41.600 Yeah. I guess if you find one in the ground 0:39:41.680 --> 0:39:44.000 or something that's uh you know that for your collection. 0:39:44.920 --> 0:39:48.440 Sure not sunning on a rock, but you know dead right. 0:39:48.400 --> 0:39:51.240 Sure it just fell over of old age. 0:39:51.800 --> 0:39:54.839 Uh Huh. Should we talk about butterfly gardens here at 0:39:54.840 --> 0:39:55.280 the end. 0:39:55.440 --> 0:39:59.000 Yeah, because one of the things people are doing or saying, like, hey, butterflies, 0:39:59.040 --> 0:40:01.880 we got to save these butter flies. If we don't, 0:40:02.080 --> 0:40:04.680 things are gonna go pear shaped even more. And so 0:40:04.760 --> 0:40:07.000 people are starting to plant butterfly gardens. 0:40:07.280 --> 0:40:09.520 Yeah, because I think you said they're a big indicator 0:40:10.120 --> 0:40:13.319 of like, if butterflies are dying off all around you, 0:40:13.360 --> 0:40:15.719 that's a big indicator of how your local ecosystem is 0:40:15.760 --> 0:40:16.319 doing in. 0:40:16.200 --> 0:40:18.320 The larch part, the canari and the coal mine. 0:40:18.760 --> 0:40:22.160 Yeah, exactly. And butterfly gardens are beautiful and it doesn't 0:40:22.200 --> 0:40:26.000 take a lot. You need some plants, and you're gonna 0:40:26.000 --> 0:40:27.680 want plants. Well, you're gonna want to find out what 0:40:27.760 --> 0:40:29.279 kind of butterflies you have around you. 0:40:29.360 --> 0:40:30.040 That's a big one. 0:40:30.760 --> 0:40:33.480 You can look with your eyeballs and then cross reference, 0:40:33.560 --> 0:40:34.960 or you can just look it up on the internet, 0:40:35.680 --> 0:40:36.880 and then you want to find out what kind of 0:40:36.880 --> 0:40:39.840 plants those butterflies love that are native to your area, 0:40:40.440 --> 0:40:41.520 and plant those. 0:40:41.960 --> 0:40:44.440 Chuck. When I was researching this, all I wanted to 0:40:44.480 --> 0:40:46.560 do was be done with this episode so I can 0:40:46.600 --> 0:40:47.240 go garden. 0:40:47.960 --> 0:40:50.560 Oh. I love that Emily's gardening. I'm looking at it 0:40:50.640 --> 0:40:52.360 right now, is gardening outside? 0:40:52.400 --> 0:40:54.560 Well, pound on your window and tell her I'm jealous 0:40:54.560 --> 0:40:54.839 of her. 0:40:55.840 --> 0:40:58.319 We got I put it on my Instagram. I don't 0:40:58.360 --> 0:41:00.960 know if you saw it, but you I saw a 0:41:01.120 --> 0:41:04.200 huge well it's not that big, but a hornet's nest 0:41:05.200 --> 0:41:08.799 in our backyard yesterday. That is the coolest, most beautiful thing. 0:41:09.400 --> 0:41:12.640 I'm kind of tucked in a magnolia branch about only 0:41:12.719 --> 0:41:15.480 four feet off the ground, And I'm glad I saw 0:41:15.480 --> 0:41:17.720 it because I was about to go do some trimming 0:41:17.760 --> 0:41:20.399 of my box woods right behind it in a few 0:41:20.440 --> 0:41:22.600 days and I would have bumped right into that thing. 0:41:22.719 --> 0:41:25.279 So boy, now we're just going to steer clear of 0:41:25.320 --> 0:41:29.320 it until it is out of season and then hopefully 0:41:29.360 --> 0:41:32.000 try and preserve it. But hornets nests are so cool looking, 0:41:32.920 --> 0:41:34.799 and I just love that we have one back there. 0:41:34.800 --> 0:41:37.360 We got a crazy backyard full of all kinds of critters. 0:41:37.440 --> 0:41:40.480 Does it look like a mummy's head? Sometimes it looks. 0:41:40.560 --> 0:41:43.759 It looks like a sort of a mummy's head, but 0:41:44.080 --> 0:41:46.879 if it was an alien mummy, because it's like top 0:41:46.920 --> 0:41:49.080 heavy and it looks like it has a little mouth 0:41:49.080 --> 0:41:51.520 at the bottom, you know, their little door. Yeah, I'll 0:41:51.520 --> 0:41:52.560 send you the picture, it's cool. 0:41:52.640 --> 0:41:55.040 Yeah, Or I can just go on Instagram like everybody else. 0:41:55.640 --> 0:42:00.759 Now you get text privies, thanks man. What else about 0:42:00.760 --> 0:42:02.239 the butterfly garden? You need water? Right? 0:42:02.719 --> 0:42:06.040 Yeah? Remember they like to drink minerals from puddles. So 0:42:06.080 --> 0:42:08.719 if you have a little bit of water dripping that 0:42:08.880 --> 0:42:11.040 forms a puddle in the soil, that's definitely going to 0:42:11.120 --> 0:42:13.319 help them. You want rocks for them to sun on. 0:42:14.239 --> 0:42:14.439 Yeah. 0:42:14.600 --> 0:42:17.200 A big one, Chuck is you want to use native plants. 0:42:17.680 --> 0:42:19.520 I know you and Emily are like big into that, 0:42:19.760 --> 0:42:23.240 and I feel like people, including myself, are really waking 0:42:23.320 --> 0:42:27.480 up to just how bad for the local ecosystem like 0:42:27.600 --> 0:42:31.520 non native plants are, and to use native plants whenever 0:42:31.560 --> 0:42:35.680 you can. When you're building a butterfly garden, it's crucial 0:42:36.520 --> 0:42:40.040 because even plants within the same species can be harmful 0:42:40.160 --> 0:42:43.200 to butterflies. Yeah, and I have an example if you'll 0:42:43.200 --> 0:42:47.960 allow me. Sure, So, butterflies in Florida and Georgia in 0:42:48.000 --> 0:42:50.759 the Southeast in general, I think are very very keen 0:42:50.960 --> 0:42:54.799 on what's called butterfly weed. It's what monarchs love. It's 0:42:54.840 --> 0:43:00.799 that very tiny, multi flowered, orange flowered weed. It's a 0:43:00.840 --> 0:43:06.440 type of milkweed. Okay, yeah, that's native. Yes, there's another 0:43:06.520 --> 0:43:09.280 kind of milkweed called tropical milkweed that does just fine 0:43:09.320 --> 0:43:12.000 in Florida and Georgia in the southeast too, but it's 0:43:12.040 --> 0:43:15.279 not native. And the problem with putting that in your 0:43:15.280 --> 0:43:19.880 butterfly garden into the southeast is that it blooms so 0:43:20.080 --> 0:43:24.600 late into the season that butterflies will keep reproducing and 0:43:24.840 --> 0:43:28.719 entire parts of the population will freeze to death because 0:43:28.760 --> 0:43:34.160 they've gone beyond their natural reproductive window. And then furthermore, 0:43:34.200 --> 0:43:37.239 when the temperature drops a little bit, they're more susceptible 0:43:37.280 --> 0:43:41.360 to a specific kind of protozoan parasite called ot or 0:43:41.400 --> 0:43:45.040 oe I. Can't remember that they wouldn't otherwise be if 0:43:45.080 --> 0:43:47.799 they were just on the native milkweed rather than the 0:43:47.840 --> 0:43:51.279 tropical milkweed. So like, that's how much attention you really 0:43:51.320 --> 0:43:53.600 should be paying to your butterfly garden, because you can 0:43:53.640 --> 0:43:56.600 inadvertently harm them while you're doing something you think is 0:43:56.600 --> 0:43:59.000 good for them, like putting a butterfly bush out there. 0:43:59.200 --> 0:44:02.520 Everybody like, that's great, I'm gonna put a butterfly bush 0:44:02.520 --> 0:44:04.960 out and I can pretty much call myself Gandhi from 0:44:04.960 --> 0:44:08.160 here on out, Gandhi the butterflies. But it turns out 0:44:08.200 --> 0:44:10.239 you're harming them. So it's definitely something that you need 0:44:10.280 --> 0:44:13.000 to take some research for. But it's the kind of 0:44:13.080 --> 0:44:16.240 research that it's like an invitation to go, like immerse 0:44:16.280 --> 0:44:19.600 yourself in the natural world in all of the best ways. 0:44:19.960 --> 0:44:23.239 Yeah. Boy, that butterfly weed is beautiful, Yes. 0:44:23.080 --> 0:44:25.759 It is, and it's native to Georgia. So you just 0:44:25.800 --> 0:44:26.560 plan it all you. 0:44:26.640 --> 0:44:29.319 Like, you know what, I'm gonna go tell Emily like, oh, 0:44:29.320 --> 0:44:31.200 this butterfly milkweed and shes gonna be like it's right 0:44:31.239 --> 0:44:32.399 behind you, coming right. 0:44:32.640 --> 0:44:34.759 But it's not only a food source, it's it's like 0:44:34.800 --> 0:44:37.319 a place where monarchs lay their eggs. So you will 0:44:37.360 --> 0:44:41.160 have butterflies like living in your garden. I mean they'll 0:44:41.160 --> 0:44:43.239 fly to Mexico eventually, but they'll hang out there for 0:44:43.280 --> 0:44:44.560 a while. Yeah. 0:44:44.600 --> 0:44:47.000 I mean that's the cool thing about the butterfly garden too. 0:44:47.160 --> 0:44:49.480 If you if you do it right, then you're you're 0:44:49.480 --> 0:44:52.359 gonna have butterflies in your yard. And not only that, 0:44:52.440 --> 0:44:57.160 but butterflies are gonna like word gets around and it'll 0:44:57.200 --> 0:45:01.640 become a place for butterflies. It'll become like haven for butterflies. 0:45:01.640 --> 0:45:04.000 And they don't they don't generally, I mean the ones 0:45:04.000 --> 0:45:06.600 who migrate migrate. But other than that, you could have 0:45:06.840 --> 0:45:09.680 you could have butterflies families living their whole life back 0:45:09.680 --> 0:45:10.560 there in your backyard. 0:45:10.640 --> 0:45:13.680 Yeah. And speaking of backyards, I've got a backyard. A 0:45:13.760 --> 0:45:17.000 lower part of my backyard is kind of wild. I 0:45:17.120 --> 0:45:19.560 keep it wild, like I don't know it very often, 0:45:19.600 --> 0:45:21.680 and there's lots of weeds and like little clovers and 0:45:21.680 --> 0:45:24.560 stuff growing. So I've left it there for the beads, 0:45:24.640 --> 0:45:26.759 the birds and the bees and all that, and the butterflies. 0:45:27.000 --> 0:45:29.839 But I'm going full on, man, I'm going to let 0:45:29.960 --> 0:45:33.040 Oh yes, it's gonna be all butterflies, like up to 0:45:33.120 --> 0:45:36.680 your hips butterfly stuff. I cannot wait to go plan it. 0:45:36.680 --> 0:45:39.439 It's I'm really looking forward to it because it's really 0:45:39.560 --> 0:45:41.640 goes right up to the edge of some woods too, 0:45:41.760 --> 0:45:44.480 so it's gonna be amazing. 0:45:45.320 --> 0:45:50.280 Yeah, there's something we really love like leading green spaces 0:45:50.320 --> 0:45:54.440 and making it an invitation for animals. You know, like 0:45:54.480 --> 0:45:56.279 I got my camp up there in North Georgia, and 0:45:56.320 --> 0:45:59.799 like all of North Georgia is just being torn down 0:45:59.840 --> 0:46:03.359 for neighborhoods and or and you know, if you're a hunter, 0:46:03.840 --> 0:46:05.799 let's find that that's your thing. I'm not into it. 0:46:05.840 --> 0:46:08.640 And we love that we have this acreage where we're 0:46:08.680 --> 0:46:12.680 just like, tell your dear buddies this to come to 0:46:12.719 --> 0:46:15.560 our land setup shop here. No one will be shooting 0:46:15.600 --> 0:46:18.520 you and spread the word, everybody. We have we have 0:46:18.560 --> 0:46:21.000 a safe space for all you critters out here. 0:46:21.560 --> 0:46:25.120 Yes, except for humans, because it's also a most dangerous 0:46:25.160 --> 0:46:26.759 game type setup. You got going there? 0:46:26.800 --> 0:46:29.600 Huh well sure by the weekends. 0:46:30.120 --> 0:46:33.440 Right. Let's see one more thing about butterflies. There is 0:46:33.480 --> 0:46:35.520 an amazing fact that I think we can end on. 0:46:35.560 --> 0:46:37.200 How about that, Let's do it. 0:46:38.080 --> 0:46:43.480 They're frequently cited as inspiring the discovery of the RH 0:46:43.560 --> 0:46:46.640 blood factor, which is a type of subtype of blood types, 0:46:47.560 --> 0:46:50.760 and it actually cured what's known as Rhese's hemolytic disease, 0:46:51.280 --> 0:46:54.880 which is where a baby has a positive RH blood 0:46:54.920 --> 0:46:57.560 type and is born from a mother with a negative 0:46:57.640 --> 0:47:01.360 RH blood type, and it's immune systems starts attacking its blood. 0:47:01.840 --> 0:47:05.920 Not good. But the discoverer of the RH blood factor, 0:47:06.160 --> 0:47:08.480 his name is Sir Cyril Clark, and he was big 0:47:08.520 --> 0:47:11.440 time in the butterflies, and he was inspired by the 0:47:11.440 --> 0:47:17.200 butterfly's ability to mimic other butterflies genetically, that they had 0:47:17.200 --> 0:47:19.520 these what are called super genes, these big clusters of 0:47:19.600 --> 0:47:22.360 genes that all produce this mimicry, and that we're refined 0:47:22.400 --> 0:47:24.799 by smaller genes over time. And he was like, I 0:47:24.840 --> 0:47:28.560 wonder if that has to do with blood types and diseases, 0:47:28.600 --> 0:47:32.040 and in fact, it was, oh wow, yeah, so butterflies, 0:47:32.320 --> 0:47:38.240 super useful, super beautiful. Go cut down your butterfly bush today. Amazing, 0:47:38.960 --> 0:47:41.320 Chuck said, amazing. So that means it's time for listener 0:47:41.400 --> 0:47:44.719 mail everybody. 0:47:45.239 --> 0:47:51.640 I'm gonna call this our influence on Spotify. Perhaps, Hey, guys, 0:47:51.680 --> 0:47:54.040 I was wondering, wondering if you were aware of your 0:47:54.040 --> 0:47:57.520 potential impact on Spotify searches. On the Milli Vanilli episode, 0:47:57.600 --> 0:48:00.440 Josh mentioned the song Owner of a Lonely Heart by 0:48:00.520 --> 0:48:03.120 Yes being the best song of the eighties, and in 0:48:03.160 --> 0:48:05.360 my head, I'm like, I'm not sure what that song is, 0:48:05.920 --> 0:48:08.760 but I set it out loud and immediately the chorus 0:48:08.760 --> 0:48:11.160 popped into my head. So I go over to listen 0:48:11.160 --> 0:48:13.840 to it later on Spotify. I see a ton of 0:48:13.880 --> 0:48:16.800 covers for it, and I see Milli Vanilli is also 0:48:16.880 --> 0:48:19.480 in the search results, which was going to be my 0:48:19.520 --> 0:48:22.359 next search. So I think you guys may have had 0:48:22.440 --> 0:48:25.600 enough people searching Owner of a Lonely Heart and Millie 0:48:25.640 --> 0:48:29.719 Vanilly close together so that the algorithm associated those two. 0:48:29.800 --> 0:48:32.560 That's awesome because other than the time period, it's not 0:48:32.600 --> 0:48:33.360 similar music. 0:48:33.400 --> 0:48:35.080 You know no, I would say not. 0:48:36.160 --> 0:48:38.279 Maybe do a test to mention two unrelated songs for 0:48:38.400 --> 0:48:43.400 something to see what happens. Oh boy, should we try it? 0:48:45.000 --> 0:48:48.200 Yeah, let's mix Sabbath and you pick the other one. 0:48:49.120 --> 0:48:55.200 Okay, So Black Sabbath, you name a song specifically, Warpigs. Okay, Warpigs. Hey, everybody, 0:48:55.200 --> 0:48:57.279 if you haven't heard Warpigs, you should go search it 0:48:57.320 --> 0:49:00.800 on Spotify. Give it a listen. It's a great song. 0:49:01.600 --> 0:49:05.520 And while you're at it, I don't know if you've 0:49:05.560 --> 0:49:07.719 ever heard Barry Manilow's Chuck. 0:49:07.960 --> 0:49:11.880 I was going to suggest Barry Manilo I had it. 0:49:11.880 --> 0:49:13.960 Well, I had a fifty to fifty chance there. I 0:49:14.000 --> 0:49:15.839 don't know if you've ever heard the Barry Manilo song 0:49:17.200 --> 0:49:21.239 even now, but it's a classic Barry Manilo song. And 0:49:21.600 --> 0:49:23.600 everyone should just go search those two on Spotify. 0:49:23.719 --> 0:49:26.920 So war Pigs and even now by Black Sabbath and 0:49:27.040 --> 0:49:29.920 Barry Manilo, Let's see what happens. Let's see what happened. 0:49:29.960 --> 0:49:31.960 That was a great experiment. Who was that from? 0:49:32.239 --> 0:49:36.120 That was from Cory and I just want to give 0:49:36.160 --> 0:49:39.200 Corey's to side notes, saw you guys for the Andre 0:49:39.280 --> 0:49:43.400 the Giant Live in Chicago episode. I also saw Josh's 0:49:43.440 --> 0:49:46.480 Into the World live in Chicago when you tour that 0:49:46.640 --> 0:49:49.759 your short series. That was so great and I really 0:49:49.880 --> 0:49:52.920 enjoy that. Josh walked by on his way in when 0:49:52.960 --> 0:49:56.600 we were outside and patted my friend Sam on the shoulder, 0:49:57.640 --> 0:50:00.719 and he's definitely mentioned that several times since then. 0:50:01.000 --> 0:50:01.640 That's awesome. 0:50:02.440 --> 0:50:05.080 So that's from Corey and you patted Sam on the shoulder, 0:50:05.080 --> 0:50:05.840 and I think that. 0:50:05.920 --> 0:50:07.759 Men lunch to say, yeah, thanks for coming to see me, 0:50:07.800 --> 0:50:12.000 Sam and Corey. It was a fun show. Actually, let's 0:50:12.040 --> 0:50:14.800 see if you wanna let us know how this experiment 0:50:14.840 --> 0:50:17.520 pans out. Corey's Experiment is what we're gonna call it, 0:50:18.480 --> 0:50:23.319 Corey's Choice. How about that love it? No, let's call 0:50:23.400 --> 0:50:30.200 it a Corey's song rather than Brian's song. Oh okay, okay, no, 0:50:30.520 --> 0:50:31.319 Corey can wait? 0:50:32.480 --> 0:50:36.000 Perfect okay, so oh no, but how about Corey's in Charge. 0:50:36.160 --> 0:50:38.920 Okay, that's a good one. That's perfect. We're gonna end 0:50:38.960 --> 0:50:41.600 on that. If you want to let us know how 0:50:41.600 --> 0:50:44.600 the Corey's in Charge experiment goes, but we'd love to 0:50:44.600 --> 0:50:47.040 hear from you, you can send us an email to 0:50:47.120 --> 0:50:51.800 Stuff Podcast at iHeartRadio dot com. 0:50:52.920 --> 0:50:55.799 Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For 0:50:55.880 --> 0:50:59.920 more podcasts My heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 0:51:00.200 --> 0:51:02.000 or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.