WEBVTT - How Jackhammers Work 0:00:00.160 --> 0:00:02.840 This episode is brought to you by square Space. Start 0:00:02.880 --> 0:00:06.320 building your website today at square space dot com. Enter 0:00:06.440 --> 0:00:09.520 our offer code stuff at check out to get ten 0:00:09.520 --> 0:00:14.600 percent off square Space. Build it beautiful. Welcome to Stuff 0:00:14.640 --> 0:00:23.239 you Should Know from house Stuff Works dot com. Hey, 0:00:23.320 --> 0:00:26.759 you're welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 0:00:26.960 --> 0:00:31.200 Chuck Bryant, and Jerry's over there, which means time for 0:00:31.360 --> 0:00:35.559 Stuff you should know. The Jackhammer edition coming at you. 0:00:35.760 --> 0:00:40.479 That's right, the most annoying, one of the most annoying sounds. 0:00:40.560 --> 0:00:44.400 I know you hate the leaf flower. Yeah, it's established. 0:00:44.760 --> 0:00:47.840 I think the leaf jack camera right there? If sure, Yeah, 0:00:48.200 --> 0:00:50.240 but we don't live in New York. If we lived 0:00:50.240 --> 0:00:52.720 in New York, jackhammera B number one. I feel like 0:00:52.760 --> 0:00:54.600 I've never stayed in a hotel in New York where 0:00:54.600 --> 0:00:58.120 there wasn't a jack below me, not even a chance. 0:00:58.400 --> 0:01:03.640 Every single time leaf blower. It's a lot more frequent 0:01:03.720 --> 0:01:06.440 down here in Atlanta than Jack Cameron. A lot of 0:01:06.520 --> 0:01:09.960 leaf blowers in New York City, not a lot of leaves. Well, 0:01:10.040 --> 0:01:13.240 that's not necessarily true. Been some where you are. Uh 0:01:13.280 --> 0:01:16.319 so we don't usually um shout out to thank you 0:01:16.680 --> 0:01:19.880 at the beginning of an episode. But we got a 0:01:19.920 --> 0:01:22.920 couple of gifts that are so special we want to 0:01:22.920 --> 0:01:26.919 do that. So Peter O'Donnell in the gang at built 0:01:27.040 --> 0:01:31.520 Sharp knives. B I LT Sharp out of Philly. H 0:01:32.319 --> 0:01:35.520 sent us sent me a chef's knife, sent you a 0:01:35.600 --> 0:01:40.640 filet knife. Beautiful and it's one of the most gorgeous 0:01:40.800 --> 0:01:45.720 pieces of like handmade craftsmanship I've ever seen. It's amazing. 0:01:46.000 --> 0:01:49.240 I cannot wait to catch a fish. Oh dude, I 0:01:49.280 --> 0:01:51.320 can't wait for that for you cut that thing open 0:01:53.240 --> 0:01:57.720 after it's dead. Uh really, you can't lock the head 0:01:57.720 --> 0:02:01.120 off while it's still alive, and you're supposed to. You're 0:02:01.120 --> 0:02:03.920 supposed to hit it with a hammer. I think some 0:02:03.960 --> 0:02:07.360 people do. Um, I do not. These things are gorgeous. 0:02:07.360 --> 0:02:09.520 I mean the blade itself, I mean they hand make these, 0:02:09.560 --> 0:02:12.280 the handle, the weight, it's just it's a piece of art. 0:02:12.880 --> 0:02:15.639 And not only that, it is the sharpest thing I've 0:02:15.639 --> 0:02:19.840 ever seen in my life. It's like dangerous. Um, well, 0:02:19.840 --> 0:02:22.800 I don't want to you know, it's dangerous. They're knives. 0:02:22.919 --> 0:02:27.480 They're supposed to be sharp, but wield it with respect. 0:02:27.639 --> 0:02:32.240 Well yeah, well they're respectable knives. Um. You can actually 0:02:32.280 --> 0:02:35.840 go into Tumbler. You can just search hashtag knives. You 0:02:35.880 --> 0:02:40.240 should know one word and it uh it chronicles and 0:02:40.360 --> 0:02:44.720 pictures and short captions or brief captions the process of 0:02:44.760 --> 0:02:47.399 them making our knives. It's awesome. Yeah, it's just really neat. 0:02:47.400 --> 0:02:50.760 And I just love like handcrafting and forging steel, like 0:02:50.840 --> 0:02:53.840 those are lost arts in a lot of ways, and um, 0:02:53.880 --> 0:02:57.160 they're doing it right man, They're really beautiful. So anyway, 0:02:57.440 --> 0:02:59.959 thank you, Yeah, thank you guys. Yeah, thanks people. Was 0:03:00.040 --> 0:03:03.520 really cool. So jack hammers, yeah, jack hammers. If they 0:03:03.520 --> 0:03:06.680 were sharpest built sharp knives, they'd be onto something. But 0:03:07.000 --> 0:03:09.160 I don't know if it would work quite the same 0:03:09.600 --> 0:03:13.680 not so. Um, yes, it's true, we are actually talking 0:03:13.720 --> 0:03:18.000 about jack hammers. And yes, it's true that jack hammers 0:03:18.040 --> 0:03:20.919 are about what you think they are. But they're also 0:03:21.160 --> 0:03:23.240 kind of interesting when you start to look into them, 0:03:23.320 --> 0:03:26.399 right yeah, well yes, so think about I didn't realize this. 0:03:26.400 --> 0:03:29.600 This article points it out. Jack hammer is a hammer 0:03:29.639 --> 0:03:34.160 and a chisel, but it's a hardcore hammer and chisel. Yeah, 0:03:34.600 --> 0:03:37.320 and it takes out of the equation largely the human 0:03:37.760 --> 0:03:41.520 who's back and shoulder muscles have to be involved in 0:03:41.560 --> 0:03:44.160 every single strike of that hammer. And chisel. You're talking 0:03:44.240 --> 0:03:48.600 John Henry and the sledge hammer. Yes, exactly, because prior 0:03:48.680 --> 0:03:53.640 to the advent of the jackhammer, about that fifties, by 0:03:53.960 --> 0:03:57.000 the turn of the last century, we had jack hammers 0:03:57.080 --> 0:04:01.920 kind of down pat um. It was sledge hammers and 0:04:02.000 --> 0:04:06.440 pick axes to remove rock. It was a real deal. 0:04:06.880 --> 0:04:10.480 That was like it killed people, like it literally could 0:04:10.640 --> 0:04:13.240 kill you with that kind of work. Yeah, I mean, 0:04:13.280 --> 0:04:17.280 mining is still a very dangerous job, but pre Industrial 0:04:17.360 --> 0:04:24.920 Revolution mining was no fun um, dangerous, deadly, and even 0:04:24.960 --> 0:04:28.280 if you didn't die, it's just brutal, brutal back baking work, 0:04:28.480 --> 0:04:30.840 baking work, slinging a sledgehammer. Yeah, you ever slung a 0:04:30.880 --> 0:04:34.880 sledge It's the worst. It's it's hard work. You ever 0:04:34.960 --> 0:04:38.440 used the jackhammer? No, I haven't. It's awful. Well, that's 0:04:38.440 --> 0:04:41.760 the thing. It's it's better than the sledgehammer. Yeah, well 0:04:41.800 --> 0:04:45.039 in some ways, but it's brutally difficult. It is. It's 0:04:45.080 --> 0:04:47.640 probably one of the most brutal tools you can use 0:04:47.720 --> 0:04:50.880 on any kind of site and for any kind of project. 0:04:51.200 --> 0:04:53.159 There aren't that many tools that they're they're gonna take 0:04:53.160 --> 0:04:56.039 as much out of you as the jackhammer. It's tough 0:04:56.080 --> 0:04:58.839 on your body. Yeah, because they weigh about a hundred pounds, 0:04:58.960 --> 0:05:02.680 like a new normal heavy duty jackhammer weighs about a 0:05:02.720 --> 0:05:05.480 hundred pounds. You have to hold it in place upright, 0:05:05.760 --> 0:05:07.839 because you don't want to jumping around, although it's probably 0:05:07.880 --> 0:05:10.599 not going to anyway. It's it's designed not to jump around, 0:05:11.080 --> 0:05:13.760 but you still have to. Um. You want to kind 0:05:13.760 --> 0:05:16.120 of keep it in a fairly confined area, which means 0:05:16.160 --> 0:05:19.000 you're using your muscle to steady it while it's going 0:05:19.080 --> 0:05:22.320 up and down at a very very fast rate. Some 0:05:22.360 --> 0:05:26.320 of those things, um impact with the ground one thousand 0:05:27.360 --> 0:05:30.920 times a minute. Yeah, it's tough. It's it's the only 0:05:30.960 --> 0:05:37.320 tool that and the hardwood floor UM skimmer, you know, 0:05:37.360 --> 0:05:41.040 like the orbital floor cleaner. You can use that on it, 0:05:41.120 --> 0:05:43.680 like put a standing pad on a hardwood floor, and 0:05:43.960 --> 0:05:46.360 that thing and the sledge hammer. The only time I've 0:05:46.360 --> 0:05:49.080 ever used tools that I felt like we're controlling me 0:05:49.640 --> 0:05:52.599 and not me, not controlling the tool until you get it. 0:05:52.640 --> 0:05:55.640 Once you get it, it's a little better. But at first, 0:05:55.720 --> 0:05:57.320 when you first start to use it. You can rent 0:05:57.320 --> 0:06:00.120 a jackhammer, you know, so you know, yeah, I mean, 0:06:00.120 --> 0:06:01.760 if you want to bust up your driveway, you can 0:06:01.800 --> 0:06:04.640 go do it yourself. If you're a fool, make sure 0:06:04.680 --> 0:06:07.479 that you don't need the driveway anymore before you do that. 0:06:08.080 --> 0:06:09.760 But um, once you get the hang of it, you 0:06:09.839 --> 0:06:11.719 kind of can wield it a little bit. But it's tough. 0:06:11.760 --> 0:06:15.279 I mean, it feels like I have no power or 0:06:15.320 --> 0:06:19.800 control over this thing, right, I can imagine you know. So, Um, 0:06:20.600 --> 0:06:23.920 it is a very difficult tool. But again, the alternative 0:06:24.040 --> 0:06:28.640 is early death. And the other alternative, which is to 0:06:28.680 --> 0:06:30.760 call someone to do it for you, is the best 0:06:31.240 --> 0:06:35.000 option of the three. But so, say that you are um, 0:06:36.160 --> 0:06:40.159 King Carlo Alberto of Sardinia and the years about eighteen 0:06:40.240 --> 0:06:44.880 thirty something eighteen forty, and you want a train tunnel 0:06:44.960 --> 0:06:49.080 built through a mountain, and the tunnel is gonna need 0:06:49.120 --> 0:06:53.479 to be twelve kilometers long. You do call somebody else, 0:06:53.560 --> 0:06:56.440 but that somebody else you call goes. I don't know 0:06:56.480 --> 0:06:59.520 what to tell you, buddy. We could try pick axes 0:06:59.600 --> 0:07:01.520 or whatever, but you're not still gonna be alive by 0:07:01.520 --> 0:07:04.480 the time we finished. What can we do? And actually, 0:07:04.520 --> 0:07:07.280 this call for a twelve kilometer long tunnel through a 0:07:07.320 --> 0:07:13.040 mountain in Sardinia prompted the early um, the early forays 0:07:13.120 --> 0:07:17.320 into developing pneumatic tools like a jackhammer. Yeah, in eighty 0:07:17.400 --> 0:07:21.000 eight it got named Jonathan Couch built a what he 0:07:21.040 --> 0:07:24.040 called a percussion drill, and this had a bit that 0:07:24.720 --> 0:07:27.200 was it went through the piston of a steam engine, 0:07:27.680 --> 0:07:32.080 so it was piston driven. Then, uh, contemporary Joseph Foul 0:07:32.120 --> 0:07:35.760 actually attached it to the piston and then he started 0:07:35.800 --> 0:07:39.680 in one using air which is pneumatic to power it. 0:07:40.280 --> 0:07:43.640 But these were still attached to a piston. And it 0:07:43.680 --> 0:07:49.200 wasn't until Charles Brady King when he actually has given 0:07:49.240 --> 0:07:57.640 credit for inventing the traditional looking handheld, modern pneumatic powered jackhammer. Right, 0:07:57.680 --> 0:07:59.520 and he gets a lot of credit for stuff that 0:07:59.840 --> 0:08:02.440 was already built. Like a lot of people say he 0:08:02.520 --> 0:08:05.960 was actually the inventor of the automobile. No he wasn't. Well, 0:08:06.000 --> 0:08:08.640 he was the inventor of the gasoline powered automobile, No 0:08:08.760 --> 0:08:10.720 he wasn't. He was the first guy in Detroit to 0:08:10.800 --> 0:08:13.800 build and drive one around, and he did end up 0:08:14.160 --> 0:08:17.200 inspiring and mentoring Ransom Olds and Henry Ford and some 0:08:17.280 --> 0:08:21.320 other early car manufacturers and is almost single handily responsible 0:08:21.360 --> 0:08:25.520 for making Detroit motor city. This guy, but he also 0:08:25.640 --> 0:08:29.760 Stanley right, Uh, and what's from with it's freely. I 0:08:29.800 --> 0:08:31.720 like that guy's stuff. What do you mean didn't he 0:08:31.760 --> 0:08:34.320 get kicked out of Kiss? Oh? I think he was 0:08:34.360 --> 0:08:38.320 sort of not invited back. Yeah. I think it's a 0:08:38.320 --> 0:08:41.760 money move. They don't have to pay the nameless other 0:08:41.800 --> 0:08:44.000 guitar player nearly as well. He was a founder of 0:08:44.040 --> 0:08:46.560 the band, Right, How do you get kicked out like 0:08:46.640 --> 0:08:49.920 that for money? I think Paul Stanley and Jean Simmons 0:08:49.920 --> 0:08:59.439 probably own Kiss Incorporated. I know anyway, Um, Charles Brady King, Uh, 0:08:59.559 --> 0:09:01.760 he wait Detroit on the map as far as auto 0:09:01.760 --> 0:09:05.199 manufacturer goes. And he did do a lot of refining 0:09:05.240 --> 0:09:08.000 of pneumatic tools, including the jackhammer, and he does hold 0:09:08.000 --> 0:09:10.040 the pattern, he did hold the patent for it. Yeah, 0:09:10.040 --> 0:09:11.320 and he had been at a lot of stuff. He 0:09:11.400 --> 0:09:15.040 was a sharp guy. And the pneumatic the fact that 0:09:15.040 --> 0:09:19.760 it's pneumatic, which means air powered, compressed air powered. Um 0:09:19.920 --> 0:09:25.359 is the reason why most jackhammers today are still compressed 0:09:25.400 --> 0:09:29.840 air powered. It's because of the mining application of it. 0:09:30.920 --> 0:09:34.840 Like when you mind, you're releasing a lot of potentially 0:09:34.920 --> 0:09:39.600 explosive gases, and uh, you can't have something like a 0:09:39.679 --> 0:09:43.559 steam engine that's combustion powered down there yeah, or you 0:09:43.840 --> 0:09:48.400 can't have an engine in there releasing exhaust. Um, and 0:09:48.520 --> 0:09:53.920 you can't have a jackhammer that will spark a rock. Um. Well, 0:09:53.960 --> 0:09:56.679 that might happen no matter what. Right, well, no, that's 0:09:56.720 --> 0:09:59.319 what I'm saying. You can't have that among volatile gases. 0:09:59.520 --> 0:10:03.400 Right You've air driven is the perfect key, because it 0:10:03.440 --> 0:10:06.959 doesn't matter if that hoses a thousand feet long, You're 0:10:06.960 --> 0:10:09.679 not gonna lose power because it's gonna be Yeah, it's 0:10:09.679 --> 0:10:12.480 gonna be compressed air up against compressed air, and up 0:10:12.559 --> 0:10:15.200 on the surface. You've got a diesel engine that's powering 0:10:15.200 --> 0:10:17.640 a piston, just like in your car, and the piston 0:10:17.720 --> 0:10:19.839 moves up and down the cylinder. As it moves down, 0:10:20.240 --> 0:10:23.600 it compresses the air in the cylinder and pushes it 0:10:23.600 --> 0:10:26.000 down into a storage tank where it sits his compressed 0:10:26.040 --> 0:10:28.160 air and that's released out the other end through the 0:10:28.160 --> 0:10:30.719 hose and it ends up into the jackhamer. And yeah, 0:10:30.800 --> 0:10:32.720 no matter how far away it is, it's still going 0:10:32.760 --> 0:10:37.479 to be just as powerful. And that compressed air is inflammable. 0:10:37.520 --> 0:10:39.160 So you can be a happy minor all the live 0:10:39.240 --> 0:10:42.040 long day. Well, buddy, you're getting excited. So that means 0:10:42.040 --> 0:10:44.240 we need to take a break and uh, put this 0:10:44.360 --> 0:10:46.640 pill under your tongue and we'll come back right after this. 0:11:07.160 --> 0:11:12.839 How you feeling now, Relax good? I love the title 0:11:12.840 --> 0:11:17.240 of this next section, Air powered destruction. Um. You can 0:11:17.360 --> 0:11:20.320 get an electric jack hammer. If you've ever gone to 0:11:20.360 --> 0:11:24.240 a hardware store, they have these kind of smaller handheld 0:11:25.240 --> 0:11:28.280 jack hammers that, um, you can take up like your 0:11:28.320 --> 0:11:31.760 bathroom floor tile pretty well with it plugging into the wall. 0:11:32.360 --> 0:11:35.600 Has a little chisel bit on the end of it. Um, 0:11:35.640 --> 0:11:39.559 But that's small. Beans. You can't do a driveway or 0:11:39.640 --> 0:11:43.319 concrete or asphalt with with something like that tunnel through 0:11:43.320 --> 0:11:45.760 a mountain in Sardinia. No, you need the big T 0:11:46.160 --> 0:11:49.400 shaped jack camera. And here's one of the things that 0:11:49.440 --> 0:11:51.640 didn't really occur to me. One of the reasons it 0:11:51.679 --> 0:11:55.320 works so well is because it's so heavy. Right. It's 0:11:55.360 --> 0:11:57.320 not like they say, well, let's make this thing way 0:11:57.480 --> 0:11:59.960 fifteen pounds or twenty pounds and make it easier to run, 0:12:00.000 --> 0:12:02.840 which they probably could. Yeah, you maybe could do that, 0:12:02.880 --> 0:12:04.720 but it would jump all over the place. Yeah, you 0:12:04.720 --> 0:12:07.160 want that thing super super heavy because that's part of 0:12:07.200 --> 0:12:09.559 the power and forced behind it. That's right. So these 0:12:09.559 --> 0:12:12.480 things are pneumatic, right, and just like on the compressed 0:12:12.679 --> 0:12:16.200 air compressor up on the surface. When you're down in 0:12:16.200 --> 0:12:20.920 the mine, they actually have a jackhammer, has a piston 0:12:21.080 --> 0:12:24.199 in a piston in a cylinder in it, right, and 0:12:24.640 --> 0:12:27.840 it's it's actually a really kind of simple When you 0:12:27.960 --> 0:12:31.160 cut the thing open and draw a cross section of it, 0:12:31.200 --> 0:12:35.439 which we did on our hands for crib sheets. Um, 0:12:35.960 --> 0:12:39.000 you you you can see that. Really the whole mechanism 0:12:39.040 --> 0:12:43.120 comes down to a trigger valve, right, that's right. So 0:12:43.160 --> 0:12:44.920 what you have here is you got the pressure chamber. 0:12:45.400 --> 0:12:48.920 The compressed air enters that chamber activates the trigger valve, 0:12:49.480 --> 0:12:52.360 and it just because of the compressed air opens and 0:12:52.360 --> 0:12:55.360 shuts really fast, right, and so the trigger valve moves 0:12:55.400 --> 0:12:59.360 the air either above the piston or when it closes, 0:12:59.720 --> 0:13:03.200 the air goes down below the piston, which means chisel 0:13:03.240 --> 0:13:05.760 goes up, chizzle goes down, right, because the piston is 0:13:05.840 --> 0:13:10.000 striking the top of that chisel bit, driving it downward 0:13:10.280 --> 0:13:12.880 when the compressed air comes in and pushes the piston down. 0:13:13.240 --> 0:13:16.480 And then when the valve closes and the air goes 0:13:16.559 --> 0:13:19.520 underneath the piston, there's also a spring in there that 0:13:20.000 --> 0:13:22.680 brings the drill bit back up because it wouldn't work 0:13:22.760 --> 0:13:25.440 very well if you knock it down. They had to 0:13:25.480 --> 0:13:29.480 go down and reset it, and apparently the earliest um, 0:13:29.559 --> 0:13:34.760 the earliest jackhammered had that very designature that was it 0:13:34.800 --> 0:13:37.200 like it goes bam and then you definitely like reset 0:13:37.240 --> 0:13:39.520 it bam and then reset it and they're like, this 0:13:39.559 --> 0:13:43.119 isn't gonna work. Yeah, that's sort of like the pneumatic 0:13:43.880 --> 0:13:47.640 cattle punch that they that what's his face used in 0:13:47.720 --> 0:13:51.360 No Country for old Man. It's exactly like that. Not 0:13:51.520 --> 0:13:54.040 very good if you're trying to bust up concrete, but 0:13:54.120 --> 0:13:57.599 good if you want to put on a cow's It 0:13:57.640 --> 0:14:00.839 doesn't stunn them. It does the eternal stunt. I think 0:14:00.880 --> 0:14:04.680 it's stuns a cow and then they kill them. Oh 0:14:04.720 --> 0:14:06.840 I thought it they put it into the brain to 0:14:06.920 --> 0:14:09.360 kill the cow. I don't think he actually, I think 0:14:09.360 --> 0:14:11.880 it can and probably does sometimes, but I think the 0:14:11.920 --> 0:14:14.040 main purpose of it is to stun the cow, so 0:14:14.120 --> 0:14:16.560 it's not like it's just dazed and out of it 0:14:16.559 --> 0:14:21.000 when it when they kill it. Oh yeah yeah. Uh. 0:14:21.240 --> 0:14:24.840 Hydraulic jack hammers, it's the same, uh jackhammera would kill 0:14:24.840 --> 0:14:30.240 a cow. Hydraulics use fluid, same principle, but it doesn't 0:14:30.320 --> 0:14:33.360 use air. And if you've ever seen the they have 0:14:33.440 --> 0:14:36.000 jackhammers you can that are really large that you can't 0:14:36.000 --> 0:14:38.760 handle as a person. That it's like attached to a 0:14:38.800 --> 0:14:41.720 bacco or something that's for big, big jobs. And those 0:14:41.720 --> 0:14:46.000 are usually um hydraulic and pneumatic, but probably not every time. 0:14:46.880 --> 0:14:49.520 I'm sure someone in the construction industry will correct me 0:14:49.520 --> 0:14:51.560 on that. Well, I went and looked. And if you 0:14:51.680 --> 0:14:55.280 go on Alibaba that you know that's I has everything 0:14:55.920 --> 0:14:59.640 and they have hydraulic jackhammers for sale. What's Ali Baba? 0:14:59.840 --> 0:15:03.680 That sky Mall it's like China's Amazon, but they sell 0:15:04.600 --> 0:15:08.440 everything on it. It's nothing like Skymall. Do you think 0:15:08.440 --> 0:15:11.200 everything's like Skymallas because you want Skymall to come back? 0:15:11.480 --> 0:15:14.760 That sure do? Um, But they it did seem like 0:15:14.800 --> 0:15:18.320 all of the back ho attached um jack hammers were 0:15:18.400 --> 0:15:23.640 hydraulic that I saw. All right, Well, um, here's what 0:15:23.720 --> 0:15:28.600 happens at a thousand hits per minute. That chisel bit 0:15:29.040 --> 0:15:31.280 and if you're breaking up rock, there are different kinds 0:15:31.280 --> 0:15:33.840 of bits. A pointy bit if you're breaking up like 0:15:33.880 --> 0:15:37.040 a driveway or something is really good, or you can 0:15:37.120 --> 0:15:40.120 use a flat bit for other applications. So, yeah, if 0:15:40.120 --> 0:15:42.120 you're breaking up a driveway and all you want is 0:15:42.160 --> 0:15:44.920 for the driveway to go bye by, Yeah, the pointy 0:15:44.920 --> 0:15:47.680 bits the one you want because it's not a controlled cut. 0:15:48.360 --> 0:15:53.080 The the like a flathead screw drivers style bit is 0:15:53.120 --> 0:15:55.040 the kind that where you can really kind of control 0:15:55.120 --> 0:15:58.240 where the cracking goes, right, or if you wanna uh, 0:15:58.800 --> 0:16:00.480 like I said, if you're taking up your floor tile 0:16:00.480 --> 0:16:02.920 and you have the handheld version, that's what you want 0:16:02.960 --> 0:16:05.800 to discoot it underneath the tile and chip it up. 0:16:05.920 --> 0:16:11.200 And there's actually there's like, um, some insane mathematicians have 0:16:11.360 --> 0:16:14.240 actually like tried to figure out how you can predict 0:16:14.640 --> 0:16:18.400 how cracks propagate. Yeah, there's like a um for the 0:16:18.440 --> 0:16:22.200 most efficient jackhammering pretty much like what bit will work best, 0:16:22.280 --> 0:16:23.880 and like where to place it and how to how 0:16:23.920 --> 0:16:27.000 to use it. But um, one of the things that 0:16:27.120 --> 0:16:32.360 I didn't understand before is that when you are jackhammering, 0:16:32.840 --> 0:16:39.760 you you are creating different types of uh uh flaws 0:16:39.840 --> 0:16:43.440 basically in this solid stay concrete structure, right, And when 0:16:43.480 --> 0:16:45.760 you're doing that, the first flaw you're doing, the first 0:16:45.760 --> 0:16:49.400 flaw you're creating is this um kind of surface powder 0:16:50.040 --> 0:16:53.000 that the the initial chips you're making are actually powder 0:16:53.160 --> 0:16:57.280 rizing and and congealing around the drill bit, right, and 0:16:57.600 --> 0:17:02.320 that powder actually transmit it's the impact of the jackhammer 0:17:02.840 --> 0:17:06.399 throughout the rest of the concrete pad in that immediate area, 0:17:06.720 --> 0:17:09.639 and that actually starts to create cracks. So you think, well, 0:17:10.440 --> 0:17:12.879 it's just the drill bit creating crack it gets in 0:17:12.920 --> 0:17:17.000 there enough. Actually no, it's it's generating like these different 0:17:17.040 --> 0:17:20.920 materials from the very concrete itself, and it's using those 0:17:20.960 --> 0:17:25.560 materials to distribute the force and create cracks that ultimately 0:17:25.600 --> 0:17:28.760 start to spread and propagate. And as they spread and propagate, 0:17:28.880 --> 0:17:31.080 they get bigger and bigger, and then a chip comes off, 0:17:31.440 --> 0:17:33.760 and when the chip comes off, the amount of force 0:17:33.840 --> 0:17:36.480 that's generated and there goes down again and you have 0:17:36.520 --> 0:17:38.879 to build it back up by more jackhammering. But eventually 0:17:39.160 --> 0:17:42.240 these larger cracks that you're making come together and then 0:17:42.320 --> 0:17:45.480 big chunks break off. And then when a big chunk 0:17:45.560 --> 0:17:48.160 breaks off, you want somebody to come in and clear 0:17:48.160 --> 0:17:51.160 the chunks away while you move the jackhammer, because you're 0:17:51.160 --> 0:17:53.320 just gonna be breaking up those chunks. And that's not 0:17:53.359 --> 0:17:55.840 the point of jackhammer anymore. Now. The point is you're 0:17:55.840 --> 0:18:00.400 trying to remove whatever material in his bigger pieces can 0:18:00.440 --> 0:18:04.520 be removed, you know, like by like a bacco with 0:18:04.560 --> 0:18:07.480 a bucket or something. Um. Obviously it can't be too 0:18:07.480 --> 0:18:08.840 big because you might have to break up in the 0:18:08.920 --> 0:18:12.040 smaller bits. But you don't want a three million little 0:18:12.080 --> 0:18:13.719 tiny rocks at the end of it, right, you're not 0:18:13.760 --> 0:18:19.600 breaking it into gravel. No. The machines that do that, um, 0:18:19.640 --> 0:18:21.960 some of these things actually uh, when when you create 0:18:22.000 --> 0:18:24.680 a crater, that's good, but you don't want your crater 0:18:24.840 --> 0:18:28.560 full of junk. So some of them actually have air 0:18:28.640 --> 0:18:31.440 or water that blasts the stuff clear as you're going, 0:18:32.080 --> 0:18:34.680 which is pretty neat too. Yeah, which is a it's 0:18:34.680 --> 0:18:38.440 a big that's an issue because the stuff that that 0:18:38.560 --> 0:18:42.880 dust that accumulates, that forms what's called the crushed zone, 0:18:42.960 --> 0:18:48.120 that powder that distributes the force um is actually can 0:18:48.160 --> 0:18:50.320 be a health hazard. And there's actually a lot of 0:18:50.320 --> 0:18:54.000 health hazards with jackhammers. Uh. And we'll talk about them 0:18:54.080 --> 0:19:19.120 right after this, all right, Josh, health hazards of jackhammering. Um, 0:19:19.320 --> 0:19:22.080 that dust is no joke. Well, before we go to 0:19:22.119 --> 0:19:25.199 health hazards, let me say this. What you and actually 0:19:25.200 --> 0:19:27.280 can be a health hazard. It can be dangerous when 0:19:27.280 --> 0:19:30.920 you get your bit stuck. Um. And the general rule 0:19:30.960 --> 0:19:32.920 of thumb is you don't want to put the bit 0:19:34.000 --> 0:19:36.480 farther down. You don't want to keep going down farther 0:19:36.600 --> 0:19:38.919 than the length of the bit, because if you get 0:19:38.960 --> 0:19:42.480 your bit stuck, then it's really tough to get back out. Yeah. 0:19:42.560 --> 0:19:44.760 And while it may give you a little break, your 0:19:44.760 --> 0:19:47.320 boss isn't gonna be happy, or if you're renting that 0:19:47.320 --> 0:19:49.400 thing by the hour at your house, you're not gonna 0:19:49.440 --> 0:19:51.879 be happy. Yeah, because you just used all of the 0:19:51.920 --> 0:19:55.439 force of that compressed air to jam that that chisel 0:19:55.480 --> 0:20:01.080 bit several inches into concrete. Yes, it's you need like 0:20:01.200 --> 0:20:03.479 King Arthur to get that out. Yea, So moving around 0:20:03.720 --> 0:20:06.440 um inches at a time, so it doesn't go straight 0:20:06.440 --> 0:20:08.640 down into one spot. And you want a sharp bit 0:20:08.720 --> 0:20:11.639 as well. Obviously a dull bit is gonna get stuck 0:20:11.640 --> 0:20:13.640 easier and it's not going to break up the material 0:20:13.680 --> 0:20:18.000 as well, exactly. Um. And like you said at the 0:20:18.040 --> 0:20:22.120 beginning that jackhammers one of the noisiest tools around. It's 0:20:22.160 --> 0:20:25.760 the worst. It might be the noisiest tool. Jack hammers 0:20:25.920 --> 0:20:30.479 um create a noise at about a hundred and thirty 0:20:30.520 --> 0:20:33.480 decibels from what this article says. Yeah, that is the 0:20:34.200 --> 0:20:37.000 that is the sound of a jet engine taking off. 0:20:38.280 --> 0:20:41.560 That's how that's how loud those things are and driving here, 0:20:41.800 --> 0:20:45.280 no joke. I passed the dude using a jack camera 0:20:46.080 --> 0:20:48.359 and he wasn't wearing ear protection. You know. I was 0:20:48.359 --> 0:20:50.359 just about to say, is I bet you've never seen 0:20:50.760 --> 0:20:55.240 a jackhammer operator not use ear protection? I never have 0:20:55.400 --> 0:20:58.160 until today. That's nuts. Isn't that a weird coincidence? Though? 0:20:58.280 --> 0:21:01.879 It is totally weird and like just dumb. He's like screwed. 0:21:01.960 --> 0:21:07.080 I got health insurance. Uh, construction headphones are a must. Um. 0:21:07.119 --> 0:21:09.280 And because we're talking about how how much it wears 0:21:09.320 --> 0:21:12.600 you out. If you're on a road crew, Um, you're 0:21:12.640 --> 0:21:17.160 probably gonna be rotating out jackhammer duty. It's not like Chuck, 0:21:17.240 --> 0:21:20.040 You're on the jackhammer for ten hours today for the 0:21:20.080 --> 0:21:22.600 rest of your life. Yeah. Yeah, And it's a it's 0:21:22.600 --> 0:21:28.320 a real thing. Like people who use jackhammers as their profession, 0:21:28.960 --> 0:21:31.560 they do face a lot of problems. That dust is 0:21:31.760 --> 0:21:35.040 you know already mentioned that, but concrete has a silica 0:21:35.080 --> 0:21:37.960 and that's been proven to cause lung cancer, and so 0:21:38.119 --> 0:21:41.080 a lot of these jackhammers will have a like a 0:21:41.080 --> 0:21:44.240 water sprayer at the end of them that just constantly 0:21:44.320 --> 0:21:46.879 is introducing water that keeps the dust on the ground 0:21:46.920 --> 0:21:49.760 and like a puddle. All right, And what's the different 0:21:50.119 --> 0:21:52.200 or the deal with this. I know you didn't get 0:21:52.200 --> 0:21:54.280 a chance to look at it, but you sent a 0:21:54.320 --> 0:21:58.439 pretty interesting thing on the negative effects of vibration on 0:21:58.480 --> 0:22:01.359 the human body. Yeah, it's weird. What's the deal there? 0:22:01.520 --> 0:22:04.679 So vibrations are very odd. They used to belong in 0:22:04.720 --> 0:22:08.960 the realm of Eastern Europe behind the Iron Curtain. They 0:22:09.000 --> 0:22:12.000 did a lot of research in the effects of vibration 0:22:12.119 --> 0:22:15.560 on the body and it does everything from cause insomnia 0:22:16.080 --> 0:22:20.760 to digestive issues to motion sickness. And this is bad vibration. 0:22:20.800 --> 0:22:23.560 I mean there's also like good vibrations. There's also good, good, 0:22:23.640 --> 0:22:29.520 good vibrations. There's there's vibrations that that that that vibrated 0:22:29.560 --> 0:22:32.600 a certain frequency certain hurts and I don't remember what 0:22:32.640 --> 0:22:34.879 it is, but it's like a low it's like a 0:22:34.880 --> 0:22:39.840 low frequency vibration. And there's there's something called whole whole 0:22:39.880 --> 0:22:44.159 body vibration which UM. Apparently GM is dealing with the 0:22:44.240 --> 0:22:49.400 problem right now. They have like their their largest UM. 0:22:49.720 --> 0:22:53.119 I guess maybe they're tahoe or something, but they're large SUVs. 0:22:53.600 --> 0:22:57.600 They had to really strengthen the cage so that if 0:22:57.600 --> 0:23:00.560 it rolled over, it wouldn't crush the the bottom of 0:23:00.600 --> 0:23:03.679 the truck wouldn't crush the roof. But the thing is 0:23:03.720 --> 0:23:07.000 so rigid that when it goes at like highway speeds, 0:23:07.119 --> 0:23:10.200 it vibrates that this this frequency that's perfect and it's 0:23:10.240 --> 0:23:13.800 giving the driver's motion sickness. So yeah, there's all this 0:23:13.960 --> 0:23:18.000 weird stuff that happens from vibrations and exposure to vibrations, 0:23:18.080 --> 0:23:21.359 and so that's whole body. There's also hand arm vibration 0:23:22.040 --> 0:23:26.760 and um there's something called rayn nodes phenomenon and it's 0:23:26.760 --> 0:23:32.040 basically like your hands being exposed to vibrations for that 0:23:32.080 --> 0:23:34.160 many hours out of a day. And this can happen 0:23:34.200 --> 0:23:36.359 too if you're if you're working with like a gas 0:23:36.359 --> 0:23:39.439 powered weed whacker all the time, or but especially if 0:23:39.520 --> 0:23:43.600 jackhammer operators going to run into this, this circulation gets 0:23:43.600 --> 0:23:47.080 basically cut off from all the the exposure vibration in 0:23:47.119 --> 0:23:49.479 your fingers and it can get so bad, especially when 0:23:49.480 --> 0:23:51.840 it's cold out, that they just turn white. It's called blanching. 0:23:52.280 --> 0:23:55.440