WEBVTT - How the Nobel Peace Prize Works 0:00:01.480 --> 0:00:04.280 Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of I 0:00:04.360 --> 0:00:14.000 Heart Radio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, 0:00:14.800 --> 0:00:18.000 Charles W. Chuck Brian is with me as always. Jerry's 0:00:18.079 --> 0:00:20.599 here too. And if you put the three of us together, 0:00:20.760 --> 0:00:23.680 stir us around, Shake us up a little bit. Put 0:00:23.720 --> 0:00:27.120 in a raw egg white. Shake us again, Add some mice. 0:00:27.240 --> 0:00:29.840 Shake us the third time until your hand can't stand 0:00:29.840 --> 0:00:33.120 the outside of the shaker any longer. Pour us into 0:00:33.159 --> 0:00:35.920 a coupe or coupe, depending on where you are into 0:00:35.920 --> 0:00:39.720 the world. Put a real deal marischino cherry not that 0:00:39.760 --> 0:00:42.199 can you buy the grocery store in US. And a 0:00:42.320 --> 0:00:45.000 nice little swizzle stick. You've got stuff you should know. 0:00:46.840 --> 0:00:50.040 I just added a little egg white to my my 0:00:50.159 --> 0:00:53.640 chuck B drink. What's your chuck B drink? It's my 0:00:53.720 --> 0:00:55.760 spin on the bee's knees. It's the chuck B. It's 0:00:55.800 --> 0:01:00.040 in b e yes, sure, neat. So there's honey in it. 0:01:00.880 --> 0:01:08.000 Whiskey and crem to manth right. No, I do a 0:01:08.040 --> 0:01:10.960 shot of gin of a blond dart. You got laon 0:01:11.040 --> 0:01:14.600 dart at your house? No, you want to send me some? Sure, 0:01:14.880 --> 0:01:18.200 it's uh, it's a local. Uh. It's from old fourth 0:01:18.240 --> 0:01:23.920 word distillery. It's it's a ginger lemon liqueur. That's pretty cool. Uh. 0:01:24.000 --> 0:01:26.760 And then I add a little pineapple gum syrup, just 0:01:26.800 --> 0:01:28.920 a little bit, because that goes a long way, I 0:01:28.959 --> 0:01:31.119 can imagine. And then what else do I add? At 0:01:31.160 --> 0:01:35.280 ginger bitters? You gotta have a lemon juice? What about 0:01:35.319 --> 0:01:39.400 honey honey syrup? Okay? Right? Like I make mountain honey syrup. 0:01:39.480 --> 0:01:41.400 Not not sure because then it just sits at the 0:01:41.400 --> 0:01:47.080 bottom like a dumb viscus thing right saying, don't look 0:01:47.120 --> 0:01:49.320 at me. And then I chake the cred out of it. 0:01:49.680 --> 0:01:53.800 I've got these beautiful vintage seventies coops. Then I add 0:01:53.840 --> 0:01:57.320 a little lemon twist. But I've added the egg white 0:01:57.320 --> 0:01:59.640 this last time, and it just you know, he gives 0:01:59.640 --> 0:02:02.280 it that lovely little phone on top. It really does 0:02:02.480 --> 0:02:04.160 you do you add the egg white first, and then 0:02:04.200 --> 0:02:07.080 shake for a few seconds, and then add the ice. No, 0:02:07.320 --> 0:02:09.639 I had everything together, and I just I shake till 0:02:09.639 --> 0:02:12.520 my arms swall off and it bombs up really lovely. Gotcha, 0:02:13.080 --> 0:02:14.520 You don't have to shake his heart. If you shake 0:02:14.600 --> 0:02:16.720 for a little bit first without ice, and then add 0:02:16.760 --> 0:02:19.359 the ice, it's Um, it's way faster and your arms 0:02:19.360 --> 0:02:22.160 will thank you. I shake for the temperature, not so 0:02:22.280 --> 0:02:25.120 much as for the phone, gotcha. Yeah yeah, yeah, I 0:02:25.160 --> 0:02:27.200 like it to be And I freeze my glass like 0:02:27.240 --> 0:02:29.760 ten minutes ahead of time because I like it to 0:02:29.800 --> 0:02:31.799 be so cold. It's like that's the key to the 0:02:31.880 --> 0:02:35.040 Chuck B. Yeah, I'm with you, I'm with you. I 0:02:35.080 --> 0:02:38.399 want one right now now, yeah, for real, right now now. 0:02:39.600 --> 0:02:43.080 So I think, Chuck, you deserve a Nobel Prize and 0:02:43.240 --> 0:02:46.960 awesomeness for coming up with the the Chuck B and 0:02:47.160 --> 0:02:52.480 naming it too. That's a great name. Thanks. Okay. Uh, 0:02:52.639 --> 0:02:54.960 you couldn't get a Nobel Prize and awesomeness if you 0:02:55.000 --> 0:02:58.399 wanted to, because it doesn't exist, although something similar does. 0:02:58.480 --> 0:03:02.400 It's called the Nobel Peace Prize. Really yeah uh, And 0:03:02.440 --> 0:03:04.639 that's the focus of this one. I mean, we could 0:03:04.639 --> 0:03:07.640 probably put out a four part series on the entire 0:03:07.720 --> 0:03:10.880 Nobel slate. We're not going to do that. But we're 0:03:10.880 --> 0:03:12.440 not gonna do that. This is mainly about the Peace 0:03:12.440 --> 0:03:17.560 Prize because Pieces where It's at Ask anybody, anybody, ask Bono. Sure, 0:03:17.639 --> 0:03:20.160 he'll say, I hate the name you two and pieces 0:03:20.160 --> 0:03:22.919 where It's at. He doesn't like the name you two. Yeah, 0:03:22.960 --> 0:03:24.480 that just came out this week. He said he's never 0:03:24.480 --> 0:03:27.560 really liked the name. Who came up with at the edge? 0:03:28.360 --> 0:03:31.080 I think so or no, no, no, I think it 0:03:31.160 --> 0:03:33.120 was maybe a manager at the time suggested it and 0:03:33.160 --> 0:03:35.240 they went with it and he didn't love it. And 0:03:35.280 --> 0:03:36.720 now he says he didn't like it. I don't know. 0:03:36.840 --> 0:03:40.960 Come on, bonno, shut up. It's a great name. He's like, 0:03:41.040 --> 0:03:42.480 I haven't been in the press for a while. What 0:03:42.520 --> 0:03:45.080 can I Yeah, exactly, that's probably about right. I haven't 0:03:45.080 --> 0:03:47.520 been on the cover of Catholic magazine in months. He's 0:03:47.560 --> 0:03:52.040 probably one of Nobel Peace Prize he is not. Okay, no, 0:03:52.200 --> 0:03:54.680 but I'm sure he's won some other humanitarian awards. But 0:03:57.840 --> 0:04:01.640 he has too, because we'll see, like anybody, anyone can 0:04:01.680 --> 0:04:04.360 be nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize. There's no great 0:04:04.360 --> 0:04:06.760 honor in that. I mean there is some, especially if 0:04:06.800 --> 0:04:10.240 the person nominating you like genuinely means it and you're 0:04:10.240 --> 0:04:13.640 actually nominated by more than one person. But as far 0:04:13.680 --> 0:04:17.640 as the Nobel Prize Peace Prize Committee is concerned, group 0:04:17.720 --> 0:04:22.119 of Norwegian people who take this very seriously, Um, there's 0:04:22.120 --> 0:04:24.320 no real honor in that you have to really win 0:04:24.400 --> 0:04:26.480 the prize, or at least make it onto the actual 0:04:26.640 --> 0:04:32.400 short shortlist to really kind of be significantly um within 0:04:32.560 --> 0:04:37.599 the warmth glow, the warm glow of the Nobel Peace Prize. Yeah, 0:04:37.640 --> 0:04:40.080 I mean, we'll get into nominations later, but you know, 0:04:40.560 --> 0:04:44.080 several hundred people are nominated, and people like Mussolini and 0:04:44.160 --> 0:04:48.960 Stalin and Hitler have been dominated. Yeah, so not not Yeah, 0:04:49.080 --> 0:04:51.440 And I'm gonna nominate us one day. I'm gonna become 0:04:51.440 --> 0:04:54.280 a political science professor. I'm a nominate nominators for a 0:04:54.360 --> 0:04:56.880 joint award. And how about this, We'll throw out a 0:04:56.880 --> 0:05:00.000 bit of mystery here that will explain later. Maybe we'll 0:05:00.040 --> 0:05:04.000 find out if Bonos was nominated in fifty years. So years. 0:05:04.040 --> 0:05:09.640 That's great good foreshadowing there. So I'm pretty sure everybody 0:05:09.839 --> 0:05:12.120 who has ever heard of the Nobel Peace Prize is 0:05:12.279 --> 0:05:16.360 aware that it's named after Alfred Nobel. And I would 0:05:16.440 --> 0:05:19.840 say that a significant portion of those people probably know 0:05:19.960 --> 0:05:22.839 that Alfred Nobel is one and the same as the 0:05:22.960 --> 0:05:27.240 Alfred Nobel who invented dynamite. Wouldn't you say? Yeah, that's 0:05:27.279 --> 0:05:30.280 one of those I think early cocktail party facts that 0:05:30.320 --> 0:05:33.240 people like to throw around, yeah, because it kind of 0:05:33.279 --> 0:05:38.080 stands out. Alfred Nobel created an explosive that was probably 0:05:38.160 --> 0:05:39.800 killed a lot of people in his lifetime, but then 0:05:40.279 --> 0:05:45.240 upon his death bestowed or endowed a prize um that 0:05:45.320 --> 0:05:50.240 was dedicated to promoting peace in humanitarian issues and keeping 0:05:50.279 --> 0:05:52.280 things nice and chill, I think is how he put 0:05:52.320 --> 0:05:55.000 it in his will. Yeah, although the one New York 0:05:55.040 --> 0:05:59.160 Times article you since said that during his lifetime, dynamite 0:05:59.200 --> 0:06:05.279 wasn't really you for war yet mm hmm, more operation 0:06:05.320 --> 0:06:10.440 plowshare type purposes, you know, blast digging tunnels, John Henry style. Right, 0:06:11.160 --> 0:06:14.279 So okay, all right, but um, he was an industrialist 0:06:14.360 --> 0:06:16.479 and there was at least there is at least a 0:06:16.480 --> 0:06:19.200 story that we'll get to that suggests that he was 0:06:19.920 --> 0:06:22.880 equated with warfare at the very least his he was 0:06:22.920 --> 0:06:27.279 following in a family legacy of creating things that, if 0:06:27.440 --> 0:06:30.719 if weren't directly used for warfare, certainly could be. His 0:06:30.839 --> 0:06:33.240 father Manuel kind of kicked the whole thing off when 0:06:33.279 --> 0:06:36.440 he moved the family to Russia and started creating um 0:06:36.600 --> 0:06:39.640 weaponry for the Russians at the time, I think in 0:06:39.680 --> 0:06:42.080 the late nineteenth century. Yeah, they were, I mean, it 0:06:42.160 --> 0:06:44.279 was kind of he was kind of Tony Stark in 0:06:44.320 --> 0:06:48.840 a way, and his dad was, uh, now, I can't 0:06:48.839 --> 0:06:53.880 think of it was dad Tony Stark's dad, um Oscar 0:06:54.080 --> 0:06:57.200 from the Odd Couple. We can picture the actor. I 0:06:57.240 --> 0:07:01.640 can't think of the elder Stark anyway. Felix from the Couple, Sure, 0:07:01.760 --> 0:07:06.040 Felix Odd Couple. Stark was his name. But the point 0:07:06.120 --> 0:07:08.800 is his dad made a lot of money in the 0:07:09.400 --> 0:07:12.400 you know, sort of munitions business, in the arms business, 0:07:13.520 --> 0:07:15.680 like a ton of money, and moved his family from 0:07:15.680 --> 0:07:21.040 Sweden to Russia, where his children were raised with a 0:07:21.440 --> 0:07:23.800 silver Russian spoon in their mark in their mouth, had 0:07:23.840 --> 0:07:26.320 private tutors and it was a little bit of a 0:07:26.360 --> 0:07:29.200 Tony Stark thing. Like he the kids ended up brilliant 0:07:29.240 --> 0:07:31.200 because they had the money to sort of pay for that, 0:07:32.200 --> 0:07:34.240 you know. I just as a little side note, Chuck, 0:07:34.280 --> 0:07:37.160 I read an article recently. I cannot remember where where 0:07:37.160 --> 0:07:39.640 I read it, but it was basically like critiquing the 0:07:39.680 --> 0:07:45.120 Iron Man franchise, yeah, for promoting the military industrial complex, 0:07:45.160 --> 0:07:47.760 because they really glorified him as this kind of like 0:07:48.320 --> 0:07:51.480 you know, weaponry industrialist, advanced weaponry kind of guy, and 0:07:51.520 --> 0:07:54.280 like that's his whole jam and Um, I thought that 0:07:54.320 --> 0:07:57.200 was a pretty interesting take, because I mean, I'm sure 0:07:57.400 --> 0:07:59.040 there's plenty of people out there who are Iron Man 0:07:59.120 --> 0:08:01.240 fans who hadn't really stopped to think about that. You know. 0:08:01.320 --> 0:08:03.880 That's just like part and parcel with it. Well, I mean, 0:08:03.920 --> 0:08:06.200 that's a major plot point in the very first one, 0:08:06.320 --> 0:08:10.400 was him going back against all that and realizing that 0:08:10.440 --> 0:08:14.280 he had led to so much war and devastation. And 0:08:14.360 --> 0:08:16.680 now that's why he kind of changed his tune and 0:08:16.680 --> 0:08:19.160 started the Avengers and started blowing things up in a 0:08:19.280 --> 0:08:22.720 very private way. Really, Okay, I wonder if the person 0:08:22.800 --> 0:08:28.760 who wrote the article like me hadn't seen the first one. 0:08:29.760 --> 0:08:33.320 I don't know. Interesting, but so um, so Alfred was 0:08:33.320 --> 0:08:37.679 following his father's footsteps, right, Um. Eventually he was he 0:08:37.679 --> 0:08:41.280 he um was a very worldly, very well educated person. 0:08:41.320 --> 0:08:44.720 He was tutored by the best tutors that St. Petersburg, 0:08:44.800 --> 0:08:48.680 Russia had to offer. Um. He spoke five languages. He 0:08:48.800 --> 0:08:52.120 was very well versed in literature and chemistry. Apparently said 0:08:52.400 --> 0:08:55.000 once that he could digest philosophy as well as he 0:08:55.000 --> 0:08:57.800 could digest a mule, maybe even better. But he was 0:08:57.840 --> 0:09:02.600 also but he didn't really fart. He did he made 0:09:02.600 --> 0:09:09.080 the arm farting noise because that's physics, right right. Um, So, uh, 0:09:09.440 --> 0:09:11.840 he was a he was an odd duck in a 0:09:11.840 --> 0:09:14.600 lot of ways, and he lived too long ago to 0:09:14.840 --> 0:09:17.600 pin down in today's terms, but you could call him that. 0:09:17.679 --> 0:09:21.000 He was Uh, he kicked around in Europe. Um, he 0:09:21.080 --> 0:09:24.600 was a very wealthy person, kicked around Europe. Um kind 0:09:24.600 --> 0:09:26.560 of was a dilettante and stuff he was interested in. 0:09:26.640 --> 0:09:29.560 But it was also very brilliant. But apparently described himself 0:09:29.600 --> 0:09:33.160 as a missingthrope and a bit of a loner. I think, yeah, 0:09:33.200 --> 0:09:37.320 I mean he never got married, never had kids. I 0:09:37.360 --> 0:09:40.800 think when he described himself as having a pitiful half life, 0:09:41.040 --> 0:09:43.320 the quote in full was pretty sad because he he 0:09:43.360 --> 0:09:46.640 basically says, the doctor should have killed me right after 0:09:46.720 --> 0:09:52.200 I was born. Really, it's very hard on himself. Uh, 0:09:52.640 --> 0:09:56.360 despite being a brilliant guy. Um. He eventually started to 0:09:56.360 --> 0:10:01.959 work in nitroglycerin along with his other emial and there 0:10:01.960 --> 0:10:04.560 was a tragic accident in eighteen sixty four where a 0:10:04.640 --> 0:10:08.800 meal and I think four other people died in an explosion. 0:10:09.679 --> 0:10:12.240 And for a while there, in fact, you could not 0:10:13.040 --> 0:10:15.839 uh in Sweden, you could not work with nitroglysts, and 0:10:16.280 --> 0:10:19.200 for a while and experiment with it because of that. Yeah, 0:10:19.240 --> 0:10:22.199 because I think his family was Swedish and background. Um, 0:10:22.280 --> 0:10:24.319 so they must have moved back to Sweden at this time. 0:10:24.360 --> 0:10:26.960 Where else the people in Russia had been like why 0:10:26.960 --> 0:10:30.120 did you that was a weird low Sweden, just mind 0:10:30.120 --> 0:10:33.160 your own business. But um, I guess Alfred was living 0:10:33.200 --> 0:10:35.920 in Sweden at the time because in response to that 0:10:36.000 --> 0:10:38.760 law he moved his lab off short so think about this. 0:10:38.840 --> 0:10:41.880 His friend, his brother and other people who has probably 0:10:42.200 --> 0:10:45.800 probably knew all died in an explosion. That's a grizzly 0:10:45.920 --> 0:10:48.840 death at the very least for the survivors who have 0:10:48.920 --> 0:10:53.280 to clean up afterwards. Right, that's a big deal. And 0:10:53.360 --> 0:10:56.320 he still was like, I'm going to keep pursuing nitro 0:10:56.400 --> 0:10:59.840 glysts and studies, and and did so by moving his 0:11:00.080 --> 0:11:03.400 lab out under a barge on the lake um somewhere 0:11:03.440 --> 0:11:06.920 in Sweden. Yeah, it's I'm not going to pronounce that 0:11:07.000 --> 0:11:09.640 lake because then I'm gonna do it wrong. My laren, 0:11:10.760 --> 0:11:14.720 there you go, muller in, Yeah, because there's a oom out, 0:11:15.400 --> 0:11:19.160 that's right. But he eventually uh came up with dynamite 0:11:19.160 --> 0:11:21.920 because it was a bit more stable of a form 0:11:21.960 --> 0:11:25.240 of explosive and sold a lot of it, made a 0:11:25.280 --> 0:11:28.080 ton of money, selling it to Australia and the States 0:11:28.120 --> 0:11:32.120 and all around Europe, Western Europe. And you know he 0:11:32.160 --> 0:11:34.600 I think he ended up with more than three hundred 0:11:34.640 --> 0:11:37.679 and fifty patents to his name, So he was he 0:11:37.760 --> 0:11:41.880 was a consummate inventor, uh, inventing all kinds of things 0:11:41.880 --> 0:11:44.160 and making tons and tons of money along the way. 0:11:44.400 --> 0:11:47.480 I think in the end he died with um and 0:11:47.520 --> 0:11:50.040 this is very important. We'll get to his will and 0:11:50.080 --> 0:11:51.880 how it was used. But he died with close to 0:11:51.920 --> 0:11:55.680 ten million bucks, which for back then was like three 0:11:55.720 --> 0:11:59.000 hundred and change today. Yeah, like a lot of million, 0:11:59.720 --> 0:12:07.679 three hundred million, not three backwards. It didn't deeply Yeah, um. 0:12:07.760 --> 0:12:10.520 He subscribed to that Garfield poster from the eighties where 0:12:10.559 --> 0:12:12.679 Garfields standing in front of a mansion, in front of 0:12:12.679 --> 0:12:15.360 a Lamborghini, et cetera. It says he who dies with 0:12:15.400 --> 0:12:19.240 the most toys wins. You remember that poster. Yeah, I 0:12:19.360 --> 0:12:22.199 was in the Garfield I was too, But even at 0:12:22.200 --> 0:12:24.160 the time, I was like, this is a this poster 0:12:24.240 --> 0:12:26.400 is wrong. Yeah, I don't know about that message. And 0:12:26.440 --> 0:12:29.520 what's the deal with Lasagna. It's strange. Plus Also, it 0:12:29.600 --> 0:12:32.280 was all live action to like it was a real photograph, 0:12:32.320 --> 0:12:34.440 and then they just drew Garfield over it, which is 0:12:34.440 --> 0:12:38.640 not a good combination to begin. It never looks good. So, um, 0:12:38.679 --> 0:12:40.960 here's where we reached this point where that I referred 0:12:40.960 --> 0:12:43.160 to earlier, where there's a kind of a lower a 0:12:43.280 --> 0:12:47.680 legend around Alfred Dobell and why he went from inventing 0:12:47.679 --> 0:12:52.760 stuff that make things go boom to bestowing or endowing 0:12:53.200 --> 0:12:56.920 a major award, the Nobel Prizes, in particular the Nobel 0:12:57.000 --> 0:12:59.640 Peace Prize. And there's a really great story that may 0:12:59.720 --> 0:13:03.040 or may not be true about an obituary that was 0:13:03.080 --> 0:13:07.319 accidentally printed about him before he died. And how about 0:13:07.360 --> 0:13:10.720 this cliffhanger style. We'll get to that story right after 0:13:10.720 --> 0:13:38.240 a break. Yes, this is quite a cliffhanger. All right, 0:13:38.559 --> 0:13:41.000 I'm on the cliff. I'm hanging there like Tom Cruise, 0:13:41.840 --> 0:13:46.200 a mission impossible. Whatever. As the story goes, some people 0:13:46.200 --> 0:13:47.719 say it's a myth. I think it's a pretty good 0:13:47.720 --> 0:13:53.319 story either way. Is that when Alfred's brother Ludwig died 0:13:53.720 --> 0:13:57.960 in a French newspaper got it all wrong and thought 0:13:58.040 --> 0:14:02.640 that Alfred had died, which is a very interesting experiment 0:14:02.679 --> 0:14:05.960 to think about if you could read your obituary while 0:14:06.040 --> 0:14:08.280 still alive, Like, what would that look like? I thought 0:14:08.280 --> 0:14:09.600 about that a little bit. Then I was like, no 0:14:09.640 --> 0:14:12.680 one would even write an obituary for me. That would 0:14:12.679 --> 0:14:14.880 be The saddest thing. Is the New York Times to 0:14:15.000 --> 0:14:18.240 be like pooh, but at any rate, or maybe a 0:14:18.240 --> 0:14:23.320 French newspaper would get it wrong. But they called him 0:14:23.320 --> 0:14:26.560 the merchant of death, and that said he his wealth 0:14:26.600 --> 0:14:30.320 came from the invention of new ways to mutilate and kill. Um. 0:14:30.920 --> 0:14:33.640 The fact that they may not have used dynamite specifically 0:14:34.440 --> 0:14:36.720 for war during his lifetime is if the New York 0:14:36.720 --> 0:14:39.880 Times is correct, um, he still had his hand in 0:14:40.280 --> 0:14:44.200 many kinds of munitions. So the reason that people are 0:14:44.440 --> 0:14:48.160 suspect about this maybe being apocryphal is that historians have 0:14:48.200 --> 0:14:54.440 been unable to actually locate an original copy of that article. Yeah, well, 0:14:54.640 --> 0:14:56.600 just not to say it did not exist. But even 0:14:56.640 --> 0:14:59.280 if it didn't, it's definitely a story worth relating because 0:14:59.680 --> 0:15:04.520 at point Alfred Nobel definitely did go from misanthrope who 0:15:04.600 --> 0:15:07.280 was a loner um who just liked to kick around 0:15:07.360 --> 0:15:10.440 Europe to dying and in a very big shock to 0:15:10.520 --> 0:15:13.680 everybody in particular his heirs who were expecting to inherit 0:15:13.680 --> 0:15:17.480 that three fifty million dollars, saying this is what I 0:15:17.480 --> 0:15:19.960 want you to do with my my vast wealth. I 0:15:20.000 --> 0:15:23.200 want you to set up a prize that promotes the arts, 0:15:23.240 --> 0:15:26.120 the sciences and peace. And here's how we're gonna do it. 0:15:27.800 --> 0:15:30.440 That's right, other people say. And this was a pretty 0:15:30.440 --> 0:15:33.720 pivotal relationship in his life. But at one point he 0:15:33.800 --> 0:15:37.280 hired a woman named Bertha of On Suttner to work 0:15:37.320 --> 0:15:40.080 for him, as I guess it would be sort of 0:15:40.120 --> 0:15:43.680 like an executive assistant these days, and that was for 0:15:43.720 --> 0:15:46.600 a misanthrope, ended up being one of his closest friends. 0:15:47.000 --> 0:15:50.520 Worked for him until she got married, and she was 0:15:50.560 --> 0:15:54.520 a peace activist writing a book called Laid Down Your Arms. 0:15:54.680 --> 0:15:57.880 And some people say that he may have been um, 0:15:57.880 --> 0:16:01.440 not trying to curry favor, but just influenced by her. Yes, um. 0:16:01.480 --> 0:16:04.600 And she actually won the Nobel Peace Prize in nineteen 0:16:04.640 --> 0:16:08.840 o five in part because of her influence on the 0:16:09.440 --> 0:16:12.640 Nobel Peace Prize even being created. So I think they 0:16:13.000 --> 0:16:16.800 definitely even thought contemporaneously that she definitely had a huge 0:16:16.840 --> 0:16:20.440 hand in his his kind of change of heart, because 0:16:20.480 --> 0:16:23.720 apparently before he was one of those mutual assert destruction 0:16:23.760 --> 0:16:25.960 types where he's like, no, no, if you have like 0:16:26.160 --> 0:16:28.800 if you could use dynamite to blow everybody up at once, 0:16:29.320 --> 0:16:31.800 and everybody realizes that you can blow everybody up at once, 0:16:31.840 --> 0:16:35.640 they're just gonna stop fighting, which you know kind of works, 0:16:35.640 --> 0:16:38.760 but you know that that's not really a very peaceful stance. 0:16:38.760 --> 0:16:42.320 And apparently he changed his team before he died, and 0:16:42.440 --> 0:16:44.920 there were many more weapons to come. You know, he 0:16:44.960 --> 0:16:47.600 didn't know that at the time, but he didn't think 0:16:47.600 --> 0:16:49.040 about like, oh, wait a minute, but what if they 0:16:49.080 --> 0:16:52.040 made something worse than dynamite, right, and then oh, I 0:16:52.080 --> 0:16:56.080 don't know, escalate to nuclear arms one. Um. So he 0:16:56.240 --> 0:17:03.960 passed away in eight December ten, Uh, I think, so sure, 0:17:04.160 --> 0:17:07.440 let's go with that. It's definitely December ten. Yeah. I 0:17:07.480 --> 0:17:11.440 think it was because it took a few years uh 0:17:11.480 --> 0:17:13.720 to get to the very first prize in nineteen o one. 0:17:13.840 --> 0:17:17.760 Because he had lived sort of all over, like you 0:17:17.760 --> 0:17:19.679 you were talking about um when he was young and 0:17:19.720 --> 0:17:22.240 even when he was older. He had a place in France, 0:17:22.280 --> 0:17:24.879 he lived in Sweden some, he spent time in Russia, 0:17:24.920 --> 0:17:27.400 he spent time in Italy, so there was a lot 0:17:27.440 --> 0:17:30.800 of um legal wrangling to do when he changed his 0:17:30.840 --> 0:17:33.720 will towards the end in a I don't know if 0:17:33.760 --> 0:17:36.199 it was haphazard, but it definitely had some holes in 0:17:36.240 --> 0:17:39.800 it enough that his family could complain about it and 0:17:39.840 --> 0:17:41.560 sort of tie it up legally for a few years, 0:17:41.560 --> 0:17:44.240 which they definitely tried to. And there's another great story 0:17:44.280 --> 0:17:47.560 to um that his executor, the executor of his estate, 0:17:47.640 --> 0:17:50.320 was very worried that some of the French we're going 0:17:50.359 --> 0:17:53.920 to try to put a claim on them on his fortune. 0:17:54.280 --> 0:17:57.520 And so he actually gathered his money millions of dollars, 0:17:57.560 --> 0:18:01.520 so this is about three fifty million hours today in cash, 0:18:01.840 --> 0:18:03.880 put it on a stage coach and drove it through 0:18:03.920 --> 0:18:07.479 the streets of Paris to the Swedish embassy to deliver 0:18:07.520 --> 0:18:09.879 it safely, to make sure it made it to Sweden 0:18:10.440 --> 0:18:13.080 with a revolver on his lap, because apparently people would 0:18:13.080 --> 0:18:15.240 crash into you at the time with their carriages, like 0:18:15.280 --> 0:18:18.879 a bump and run kind of thing, right putting in 0:18:18.960 --> 0:18:21.000 a carriage, and they would have had quite a paid 0:18:21.040 --> 0:18:23.240 day had they realized that this guy had three fifty 0:18:23.280 --> 0:18:27.120 million dollars inside. Yeah, and you know, the word gets 0:18:27.119 --> 0:18:30.680 out and all of a sudden it's crash city, that's right. 0:18:31.920 --> 0:18:34.720 So the first prize finally gets awarded, like they figured 0:18:34.720 --> 0:18:36.280 this out. One of the other reasons that it took 0:18:36.320 --> 0:18:38.400 so long to chunk was not just the legal wrangling 0:18:38.400 --> 0:18:41.040 by the heirs, but the fact that Nobel basically said, 0:18:41.400 --> 0:18:43.200 here's what I want you to do with the money. 0:18:43.560 --> 0:18:47.280 You go figure it out, um, And so it took 0:18:47.280 --> 0:18:49.000 a little while to figure it out. Like he I 0:18:49.040 --> 0:18:52.119 saw it put that he um endowed an institution that 0:18:52.200 --> 0:18:55.080 didn't exist yet, and that he left it to his 0:18:55.200 --> 0:18:58.120 errors to create it. And there was actually a potential 0:18:58.160 --> 0:18:59.920 that it just wasn't going to be followed through, that 0:19:00.040 --> 0:19:01.760 it was gonna be too into a headache, or that 0:19:01.880 --> 0:19:05.240 his heirs really should have the money. Um. But finally 0:19:05.320 --> 0:19:08.800 they got it worked out and they started um releasing 0:19:08.840 --> 0:19:11.680 the first are giving out the first Nobel Peace Prize 0:19:11.680 --> 0:19:16.080 in one and apparently from the outset it was it 0:19:16.160 --> 0:19:18.960 was a very well known prize. It didn't start quietly 0:19:19.000 --> 0:19:21.280 and then build over the years. From the get go, 0:19:21.720 --> 0:19:25.120 people knew about the Nobel Peace Prize. Yeah, I mean 0:19:25.119 --> 0:19:28.280 from what I saw, just doing something like this create 0:19:28.440 --> 0:19:34.160 a large cash prize was very unique for the time. Uh, now, 0:19:34.280 --> 0:19:36.320 to give out a big prize with an award, like 0:19:36.359 --> 0:19:38.879 a cash award attached to it is you know, you 0:19:38.880 --> 0:19:40.439 see that a lot these days, but back then it 0:19:40.520 --> 0:19:42.600 was um. Just the fact that it was a cash 0:19:42.640 --> 0:19:44.920 prize was a big deal. And a couple that with 0:19:45.000 --> 0:19:48.280 the fact that this, along with the uh, you know, 0:19:48.359 --> 0:19:51.439 the other Nobel prizes, this was a piece award and 0:19:51.480 --> 0:19:55.000 it was the creator of dynamite, and we make big 0:19:55.040 --> 0:19:56.840 hay about that now, but they also did the same 0:19:56.880 --> 0:20:01.800 back then. Yeah, and that was a huge cash prize too. 0:20:01.840 --> 0:20:03.639 I mean even out of the get out of the 0:20:03.680 --> 0:20:07.320 gate it was worth about a million dollars, So I 0:20:07.320 --> 0:20:09.600 mean like it was a lot of money that was 0:20:09.640 --> 0:20:12.280 suddenly given for people promoting peace. So yeah, I think 0:20:12.280 --> 0:20:15.399 it was innovative, and then it was you know, the 0:20:15.600 --> 0:20:17.560 it was a big cash prize. And then the inventor 0:20:17.600 --> 0:20:19.280 of dynamite is the one who did it, who was 0:20:19.320 --> 0:20:23.199 already a very well known figure internationally too. So the 0:20:23.240 --> 0:20:25.480 way he went about funding it too was interesting. He 0:20:25.520 --> 0:20:28.960 didn't just assume that that nine million bucks would be 0:20:29.040 --> 0:20:32.000 forever money. So he said, here's what we're gonna do. 0:20:32.080 --> 0:20:34.679 I want you to invest this money. And then the 0:20:34.760 --> 0:20:39.479 prize money will be doled out from the money that 0:20:39.480 --> 0:20:43.119 that money makes from the interest and so over the years. 0:20:43.119 --> 0:20:45.200 It's not like a set amount. It's sort of varied 0:20:45.200 --> 0:20:49.399 over the years depending on how his investments went. Um. 0:20:49.440 --> 0:20:52.720 But like you said, in today's dollars, it started off 0:20:52.720 --> 0:20:55.520 at about a million, and it's usually I think since 0:20:55.560 --> 0:20:59.080 like the eighties, it's been about that every year. Yeah. Um. 0:20:59.160 --> 0:21:02.600 And so one I think one of the original intents 0:21:02.760 --> 0:21:05.879 possibly was that it's kind of like a genius grant 0:21:05.920 --> 0:21:08.439 where you're, you know, you get a million dollars for 0:21:08.520 --> 0:21:11.439 your work, and you're you're meant to continue on with 0:21:11.480 --> 0:21:13.600 this work. You don't have to worry about running around 0:21:13.600 --> 0:21:16.399 getting grants or you can just focus on the work 0:21:16.400 --> 0:21:19.520 part because you're doing such a good job. But um, 0:21:19.600 --> 0:21:22.560 and I think that some people keep the money with 0:21:22.680 --> 0:21:28.360 the other Nobel Prizes, the ones for like literature and physics. Um. 0:21:28.400 --> 0:21:31.320 But I do know for a fact that for the 0:21:31.400 --> 0:21:34.200 Peace Prize, it is customary and traditional, though it's not 0:21:34.520 --> 0:21:38.639 you're not obligated to, but it's customary to donate that money. Um, 0:21:38.640 --> 0:21:42.800 which is pretty cool. I mean, wouldn't you just immediately 0:21:42.960 --> 0:21:46.240 question your decision as the Nobel Committee if the recipient 0:21:46.400 --> 0:21:48.199 just kept the money, like thanks for the money, this 0:21:48.320 --> 0:21:50.560 is it's gonna go a long way to paying off 0:21:50.600 --> 0:21:54.000 that r V I crashed. Uh, they would question that. 0:21:54.080 --> 0:21:56.119 But as one of the rules will probably pepper in 0:21:56.240 --> 0:21:59.440 rules you in there, there are no takes these backseas. No. 0:21:59.440 --> 0:22:01.760 No matter what you do, you could you could get 0:22:01.800 --> 0:22:04.760 the Nobel Priest Peace Prize. And and some people have 0:22:04.880 --> 0:22:07.719 gone on to do some not so peaceful things and 0:22:07.760 --> 0:22:12.800 they're sort of admonished. But UM, no takes these back seas. No, 0:22:13.040 --> 0:22:15.600 And there's no appealing it. Like if you knew that 0:22:15.640 --> 0:22:20.280 you were nominated and you think this was bs Nobel 0:22:20.600 --> 0:22:24.320 Committee because totally passed me over. I was the right one, 0:22:24.760 --> 0:22:26.960 they won't even hear it. Like there's no process for 0:22:27.000 --> 0:22:29.360 you to appeal it. That's just not not do that. 0:22:31.160 --> 0:22:33.240 I don't know some people out there who would do that. 0:22:33.280 --> 0:22:37.600