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Speaker 1: No melting mess, no ice runs. The new Dometic CFX

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Speaker 1: five keeps your food chilled and your ice frozen so

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Speaker 1: you can stay focused on the hunt. Just load it up,

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Speaker 1: plug it in, and let it do the rest. I

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Speaker 1: love using mind on hot pronghorn hunts and at early

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Speaker 1: season Elk camp. It really is a game changer. Head

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Speaker 1: to Dometic dot com to learn more about Dometic electric coolers.

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Speaker 2: It's time for Why It's the Way it is. Today.

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Speaker 3: On Why It's the Way it is, we're going to

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Speaker 3: talk about eyeballs, which seems kind of funny, but we're

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Speaker 3: not going to talk about how eyeballs work necessarily. We're

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Speaker 3: going to talk about where eyeballs sit on an an

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Speaker 3: animal's head, Okay, meaning, why are a rabbit's like picture

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Speaker 3: a rabbit in your mind. Why are a rabbit's eyes

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Speaker 3: kind of buggy and they stick out in their position

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Speaker 3: way out on the sides of his head, all right?

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Speaker 3: Compared to why are your eyeballs in the front of

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Speaker 3: your head and real close together. The answer to that

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Speaker 3: question is where your eyeballs sit on your head or

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Speaker 3: where an animal's eyeballs sit on its head has to

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Speaker 3: do with whether the animal is a predator, meaning it

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Speaker 3: hunts for other animals to eat, or it's a prey

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Speaker 3: animal or a vegetarian or herbivore, meaning it eats vegetation

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Speaker 3: and gets hunted by predators. Let's start for a minute

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Speaker 3: with your own head. Okay, let's think about your own

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Speaker 3: head for a second. Your eyes are a predator's eyes,

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Speaker 3: all right. You have a couple predator things on you.

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Speaker 3: You have eye teeth or like caninet t pointy teeth. Okay,

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Speaker 3: that's a predator adaptation. And you have eyes that sit

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Speaker 3: close together on the front of your head. So as

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Speaker 3: a predator, what you're pretty good at is you're good

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Speaker 3: at focusing on something and telling how far away it is. Okay,

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Speaker 3: that's your specialty. Now let's jump to a rabbit. A

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Speaker 3: rabbit has eyes, buggy eyes, way out on the side

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Speaker 3: of its head. Here's the crazy thing about a rabbit.

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Speaker 3: A rabbit can pretty much see straight behind it. If

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Speaker 3: you imagine a circle. We describe a circle as a

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Speaker 3: three hundred and sixty degree loop. Okay, a rabbit can

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Speaker 3: see most of that three hundred and sixty degree circle

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Speaker 3: around itself. It can't see directly right behind its skull,

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Speaker 3: but it can see behind itself okay, because those eyes

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Speaker 3: that are stuck out to the sides of its head

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Speaker 3: are looking all around. The right eye is seeing its

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Speaker 3: own world off to the right, and the left eye

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Speaker 3: is seeing its own world way off to the left.

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Speaker 3: The eyes don't do a lot of what we call

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Speaker 3: binocular vision, meaning the eyes don't work together to aim

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Speaker 3: and concentrate on a specific item. A rabbit's eyes or

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Speaker 3: a deer's eyes or a cow's eyes are just surveying

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Speaker 3: all around them. They need to detect a threat movement, right.

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Speaker 2: So if it's a rabbit, he is.

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Speaker 3: Looking in an almost complete circle around him while he eats,

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Speaker 3: while he does.

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Speaker 2: Whatever he does.

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Speaker 3: If he just sits there and rests, he's looking at

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Speaker 3: almost a complete circle around him, and his eyes are

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Speaker 3: really good at picking up on a movement which signifies

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Speaker 3: the approach of a predator. The rabbit doesn't need to

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Speaker 3: stare at the predator. The rabbit doesn't need to tell

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Speaker 3: exactly how far away the predator is. He just needs

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Speaker 3: to know it's there and what direction is so he

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Speaker 3: can run the other way. He's a prey animal, and

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Speaker 3: he's watching out for predators let's jump to a predator's

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Speaker 3: eyes for a minute. How they sit really close together.

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Speaker 3: So let's jump to say the fox. And if you

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Speaker 3: kind of want to understand the eye placement on a fox,

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Speaker 3: if you have a pet dog, very very similar, they're

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Speaker 3: both canines. Your dog's eyes are really close together on

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Speaker 3: his head. Now, your dog has okay, peripheral vision, like

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Speaker 3: he can see off to the side pretty good, right,

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Speaker 3: But his specialty is is that he can use both

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Speaker 3: of his closely placed eyes to focus on something. And

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Speaker 3: you'll notice if you watch a dog or watch a

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Speaker 3: cat and they're watching something moving around, both of their

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Speaker 3: eyes are moving to track its motion. They're using binocular vision,

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Speaker 3: meeting their eyes are working together. What that does is

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Speaker 3: that gives you something called depth perception. Okay, so let's

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Speaker 3: jump to a cat.

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Speaker 2: For instance, a.

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Speaker 3: Cat is watching a mouse go across the floor. He's

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Speaker 3: watching it with both of those eyes. He's using his

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Speaker 3: binocular vision, which is giving the cat death perception, meaning

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Speaker 3: that cat, by using both of its eyes, knows that

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Speaker 3: when it jumps, it knows exactly how far away that

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Speaker 3: mouse is. Because it's using both of his eyes to

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Speaker 3: look at it, it knows exactly how far that mouse

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Speaker 3: is and he's going to jump on it and grab it.

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Speaker 3: So that explains a little bit about why your eyes

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Speaker 3: are positioned where they are, or why an animal's eyes

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Speaker 3: are positioned where they are on its head. But let's

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Speaker 3: talk for one quick second about their pupils. Now, if

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Speaker 3: you look in the mirror at your own eye, your

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Speaker 3: pupil is the dark spot in the center of your eye.

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Speaker 3: Your pupil could be brown, it could be blue, maybe

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Speaker 3: you have green eyes.

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Speaker 2: Whatever it is, that's the pupil.

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Speaker 3: That circle thing. It's a circle on you, a human,

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Speaker 3: But on a lot of predators and prey, the pupils

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Speaker 3: have a different shape. They're like a long slit. They're

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Speaker 3: kind of like a bar. Okay, now, on a lot

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Speaker 3: of prey animals. Like if you go look at a

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Speaker 3: let's say a horse or goat, you go look at

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Speaker 3: its pupil. Its pupil is horizontal, so it's like a

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Speaker 3: flat bar that runs horizontally. If you look at a cat,

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Speaker 3: its pupil is a vertical bar that runs up and down.

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Speaker 3: This is another way that the structure of the eye

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Speaker 3: helps you do what your main job is. That horizontal

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Speaker 3: pupil is meant for looking way around in a circle,

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Speaker 3: all around you. It's meant to have really good peripheral vision.

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Speaker 3: And what's crazy is if you watch, like let's say

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Speaker 3: you're watching a horse and he's got that slit pupil,

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Speaker 3: that horizontal bar pupil. When a horse drops his head

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Speaker 3: down to eat grass, his eyes are not staring at

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Speaker 3: the ground. His eyes roll almost like roll back into

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Speaker 3: the back of his head so that that horizontal bar

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Speaker 3: stays horizontal, so he's always scanning. So even when his

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Speaker 3: head's down eating grass, he's scanning all around him for predators.

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Speaker 3: These other animals with the vertical slid are animals sometimes

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Speaker 3: that hunt at night, so that vertical slit is good

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Speaker 3: for gathering light, and it also seems to be really

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Speaker 3: good for determining distance and depth perception. Again, because he's

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Speaker 3: focusing on something he wants to jump on and kill,

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Speaker 3: and that eye, that shape of that pupil and where

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Speaker 3: his eyes sit on his head allows him to focus

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Speaker 3: on it and know how far away it is. So

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Speaker 3: then when it makes its attack, when it makes its leap,

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Speaker 3: it's very accurate. So here's the thing you can do

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Speaker 3: as you drive around with your parents, or you walk

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Speaker 3: around or whatever. You you look at different pets you

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Speaker 3: might have, or you go and you're at a farm

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Speaker 3: and you look at different farm animals. Take a look

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Speaker 3: at their eyes and think about where those eyes are

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Speaker 3: placed on their head. And take a look at their

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Speaker 3: pupils and see how their pupils are shaped, and see

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Speaker 3: if what I'm telling you makes sense. There are exceptions

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Speaker 3: to these rules I'm giving you, so you might catch

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Speaker 3: me where you think I was wrong, because there are

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Speaker 3: some exceptions. But what I'm telling you is generally true.

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Speaker 3: Predators have eyes in the front of their head that

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Speaker 3: are close together. Prey animals have eyes off the side

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Speaker 3: of their head that are spread away out, and they

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Speaker 3: look kind of buggy. They're kind of sticking out so

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Speaker 3: they can see all around them real good. So pay

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Speaker 3: attention out there when you're looking at animals, and you

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Speaker 3: tell me if I seem like I'm kind of right

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Speaker 3: or if I seem like I'm kind of wrong.

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Speaker 2: I think I'm kind of right.

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Speaker 4: What's the shark's favorite sandwich? Peanut butter and jellyfish.

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Speaker 2: Now it's time for how to make a critter. Call Clay.

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Speaker 2: Here's going to teach you how to make the sound

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Speaker 2: of a barred owl.

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Speaker 5: Hey, kids, my name is Clay Nukem, and I want

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Speaker 5: to teach you today about how you can call animals

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Speaker 5: with your own voice. There are some animals that the

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Speaker 5: human voice box is really good at mimicking. And today

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Speaker 5: I want to teach you something that I love to do,

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Speaker 5: and that is to call barred owls b a rried

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Speaker 5: barred owls. The bard owl lives in North America and

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Speaker 5: it typically lived in the eastern deciduous for it's like

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Speaker 5: the east half of America. But in the last period

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Speaker 5: of time they've migrated and moved and spread into the

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Speaker 5: Pacific Northwest all the way up into Alaska. I heard

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Speaker 5: a bart owl in Alaska the other day. The barred

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Speaker 5: owl is an incredible animal and it's a raptor. It's

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Speaker 5: a predator. It catches mice and small mammals. And to me,

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Speaker 5: the most unique thing about it is that they are

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Speaker 5: almost completely nocturnal, which means they only come out and

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Speaker 5: hunt at night. That's primarily when they're out and when

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Speaker 5: they hunt, and they have incredible vision. But here it

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Speaker 5: is when they fly, they don't make a sound. The

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Speaker 5: tips of their feathers are built in such a way

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Speaker 5: that when it flows across the air, it doesn't make

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Speaker 5: a noise. I think that's really cool. But the barred

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Speaker 5: owl is very vocal. They make noises all the time.

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Speaker 5: And my dad taught me how to barred out hoot.

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Speaker 5: And there's a phrase that we can use that will

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Speaker 5: help us remember the sequence and cadence of the noise,

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Speaker 5: and it's this, who cooks for you? Who cooks for

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Speaker 5: you all? Say that with me, say who cooks for you?

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Speaker 5: Who cooks for you all? And so we're going to

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Speaker 5: replace each of those words with a hoot. And you

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Speaker 5: make a hoot by making your lips into kind of

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Speaker 5: an o shape and from deep down in your chest

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Speaker 5: go So you make the barred al call by connecting

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Speaker 5: hoots into that specific sequence and cadence of who cooks

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Speaker 5: for you? Who cooks for you all? And it sounds

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Speaker 5: something like this, who cooks for you? Who cooks for

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Speaker 5: you all? I want you to try it. Now, try that.

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Speaker 5: And the reason that I like the barred ourt hoot

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Speaker 5: is that if you're a turkey hunter, we use the

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Speaker 5: barred our hoot to locate turkeys, which is kind of wild.

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Speaker 5: But a male turkey will gobble at the sound of

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Speaker 5: a bard ol hooting, and we call it a shock gobble.

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Speaker 5: It's almost like they're shocks that they hurt an owl,

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Speaker 5: and so they.

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Speaker 2: They gobble.

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Speaker 5: And so that's the reason a bart our hoot is

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Speaker 5: really important to a turkey hunter, and it's important to

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Speaker 5: a lot of people that like to hunt. Let's try

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Speaker 5: it again one last time, the barred ol hoot. Who

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Speaker 5: cooks for you? Who cooks for you all?

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Speaker 6: How did the bear feel after he ate the comedian?

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Speaker 6: He felt funny.

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Speaker 2: It's time for everyone's favorite game show, Trivia. Let's all

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Speaker 2: join in.

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Speaker 7: I'm joined by Mabel, Matthew, Rosie, Hayden, Conley, Sage, Hattie,

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Speaker 7: and Bay. Each play, we learn ten dollars for conservation

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Speaker 7: with every question they get right. Today, there's a potential

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Speaker 7: for this room to earn up to two hundred and

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Speaker 7: forty dollars this week. That donation is going to the

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Speaker 7: National Wild Turkey Federation, which publishes the kids magazine about

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Speaker 7: wildlife conservation called Jake's Country. Let's see how much money

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Speaker 7: our players can raise. Question one, What object in the

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Speaker 7: night sky is known as ursa major? Is it the

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Speaker 7: north Star, the Big Dipper or full moon? What object

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Speaker 7: in the night sky is known as ursa major? Is

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Speaker 7: it north Star, Big Dipper or full moon? Last week

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Speaker 7: our players were very confident. They declared the questions were

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Speaker 7: too easy, but this one may have stumped them.

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Speaker 8: Your three choices.

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Speaker 7: Your three choices are north Star, Big Dipper or full moon.

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Speaker 7: One of those things is called ursa major. Not so cocky, now,

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Speaker 7: are we?

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Speaker 6: Kids? It is?

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Speaker 7: Everybody ready?

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Speaker 8: Yes, go ahead and reveal your answers.

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Speaker 6: Bee north Star.

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Speaker 7: Rosie, Mabel Star, Hattie, Hayden, Big Dipper, Sage, Conley, Matthew.

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Speaker 7: The correct answer.

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Speaker 8: Is the Big Dipper.

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Speaker 7: About half of you got that right. Major is Latin

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Speaker 7: for great bear or big bear. And although most look

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Speaker 7: at the constellation and see a ladle for scooping water,

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Speaker 7: the Greeks and Native Americans saw a large bear, while

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Speaker 7: the Egyptians saw an ox pulling a plow. So if

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Speaker 7: ursa major is the Big Dipper, then what do you

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Speaker 7: guys think the name for the little Dipper is?

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Speaker 4: There?

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Speaker 6: You go?

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Speaker 7: You got it, Hayden, Ursa minor is.

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Speaker 6: The Little Dipper?

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Speaker 7: Question two? What's it called when an animal regrows a

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Speaker 7: body part? Photosynthesis? Regeneration or fermentation. What's it called when

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Speaker 7: an animal regrows a body part? Photosynthesis, regeneration or fermentation.

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Speaker 7: You got this one right, Matthew.

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Speaker 6: No embarrassing?

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Speaker 8: And why would it be so embarrassing?

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Speaker 6: Well, because we talk about like things like growing stuff along.

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Speaker 7: And like Mabel.

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Speaker 8: How do you feel about your answer?

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Speaker 6: I'm pretty pretty happy with it, just because I don't know.

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Speaker 7: Okay, Sage, you're not You're not real kind.

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Speaker 6: I wouldn't be surprised if I didn't get it right.

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Speaker 7: I know what's it called when an animal regrows a

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Speaker 7: body part? Photosynthesis, regeneration or fermentation. What do you got Conley?

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Speaker 6: I know it's them.

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Speaker 7: Okay, you've narrowed it down to two of the three.

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Speaker 7: Everybody ready, yes, yeah, and reveal your answers.

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Speaker 4: Bay regeneration, Rosy, Mabel regeneration, Hattie regeneration, Hayden regeneration, Sage regeneration.

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Speaker 7: Conley, Matthew, the correct answer is regeneration.

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Speaker 8: Room did pretty well. Moto Synthesis is.

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Speaker 7: When plants turn the carbon dioxide into oxygen. Fermentation is

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Speaker 7: the chemical breakdown of a substance, and regeneration is the

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Speaker 7: process of replacing damaged cells. Tissues or organs. Some animals

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Speaker 7: with regeneration are salamanders who can regrow their tail, starfish

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Speaker 7: who can regrow their arms, and axi lotels who can

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Speaker 7: regrow their legs.

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Speaker 2: You love them.

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Speaker 7: Now, if you could grow an extra leg or an

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Speaker 7: extra arm, which would you pick? What do you do

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Speaker 7: with the extra leg, Matthew, Well.

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Speaker 4: If I regroded my leg, I think it'd be more helpful,

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Speaker 4: more help because I could just I could just get.

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Speaker 6: Up one of those robots.

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Speaker 7: You're gonna need some extra shoes and make you right

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Speaker 7: to an extra Yeah. Now this side of the room

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Speaker 7: wanted an extra arm.

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Speaker 6: No, I want an extra brain because you could grab

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Speaker 6: more stuff at the same time.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, scare people, But like extra toe is just cool,

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Speaker 4: like because like you could be like I actually have

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Speaker 4: eleven toes, Like, well, everybody else has ten, I have eleven.

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Speaker 8: I can't debate that that's the same.

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Speaker 6: As like an arm, you have two arms. I have three? Yeah.

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Speaker 7: I question three. Which of these states does not touch

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Speaker 7: the Mississippi River? Is it Missouri, Mississippi or New York?

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Speaker 7: Which of these states does not touch the Mississippi River Missouri,

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Speaker 7: Mississippi or New York Okay, but you.

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Speaker 6: Guys realized that it could actually be what you guys

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Speaker 6: are thinking.

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Speaker 4: It's not.

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Speaker 6: Wow, New York is all the way like the top

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Speaker 6: of the USA.

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Speaker 4: I know I'm not saying saying that the Missouri River

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Speaker 4: is in New York. What I'm saying is you think

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Speaker 4: I tried to trick.

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Speaker 7: Yeah, Okay, is everybody ready which of the states does

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Speaker 7: not touch the Mississippi? Is it Missouri, Mississippi or New York?

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Speaker 8: Go ahead and reveal your answers.

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Speaker 7: Babe, New York, Rosie, New York, Mabel, New York, Hattie,

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Speaker 7: New York, Hayden, New York, Sage, New York, Conley, New York, Matthew,

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Speaker 7: New York.

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Speaker 8: Everybody got it right. The correct answer was New York.

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Speaker 7: New York is about six hundred miles away from the

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Speaker 7: Mississippi River. Besides Missouri and Mississippi, the river flow was

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Speaker 7: through eight other states. So here's what we're going to do.

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Speaker 7: For every state you guys can name that touches the

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Speaker 7: Mississippi River, We're going to add an extra ten dollars

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Speaker 7: to the donation. But it's three strikes and you're out.

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Speaker 7: So everybody talk it over about what states you think

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Speaker 7: could be, and then Mabel will deliver the final answer.

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Speaker 6: Mississippi, Mississippi, Missouri.

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Speaker 8: So you know Mississippi and Missouri. There are eight other states,

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Speaker 8: both of the Dakotas.

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Speaker 7: Maybe what do you think it is?

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Speaker 6: Think I'm gonna go as North Dakota. It's oh my god,

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Speaker 6: how do you know? You don't know that.

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Speaker 7: North Dakota is not one of the states. Give us,

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Speaker 7: give us a second.

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Speaker 6: Stick, second stake.

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Speaker 4: Oh gosh, Okay, Matthew is pretty confident Minnesota.

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Speaker 6: Do you trust him? Yes, I don't trust. I don't

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Speaker 6: really don't trust.

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Speaker 5: Trust.

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Speaker 6: It's no no trust me. I swear it's right, it's right.

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Speaker 7: The good news is if Matthew is wrong, you can

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Speaker 7: He'll hear about it for the rest of his life.

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Speaker 8: So but if he's right, you guys add ten.

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Speaker 6: Dollars for trusting. You don't have to do it.

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Speaker 4: But I'm just saying you could because I think nobody

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Speaker 4: else is giving me any help and I have matt yet, Like,

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Speaker 4: why do you don't know?

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Speaker 7: But okay, okay, Minnesota, Minnesota.

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Speaker 8: What it's correct? That is one of them.

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Speaker 7: That means there are seven more states to go or

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Speaker 7: two strikes. Mabel, do you want to give us another stake?

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Speaker 6: And I don't really want it, but I don't know.

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Speaker 7: Do you want to give the responsibility to someone else?

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Speaker 6: Sure?

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Speaker 7: Yeah, has responsibility. Give me a stay at Addie. You

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Speaker 7: have one strike and seven states to go.

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Speaker 6: This is kind of scary. I know it is all

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Speaker 6: all trust.

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Speaker 8: Stage Kentucky.

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Speaker 7: Kentucky is correct, you guys, states and one strike? Who

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Speaker 7: else wants to give us an answer? Hayden, do you

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Speaker 7: want to be in charge.

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Speaker 8: Of the next day? Rosie would like to be in

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Speaker 8: charge in the church.

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Speaker 7: Now, do you guys have any input for Rosie on

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Speaker 7: what the next states?

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Speaker 6: I think maybe the Virginia's is Alabama? Touching? Yes, take Alabama?

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Speaker 6: I agree with Mabel.

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Speaker 4: Alabama Alaba Alabama.

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Speaker 8: Alabama is incorrect. You guys have.

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Speaker 7: And six states to go. You're gonna be in charge

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Speaker 7: of the next one. Do you guys have any input

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Speaker 7: for Stage on the next Hio?

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Speaker 6: No, don't do a high up Ohio. Don't wait? Wait

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Speaker 6: wait wait, maybe maybe like Georgia. Wait done? Montana?

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Speaker 8: No, okay, Sage, give us a state.

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Speaker 7: Virginia is incorrect, that is your strike.

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Speaker 8: Idaho is incorrect.

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Speaker 7: Back the other six The other six states are Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Tennessee, Arkansas,

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Speaker 7: and Louisiana. But the good news is you guys added

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Speaker 7: an extra twenty dollars to the end, so fill the engineer.

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Speaker 7: How much money did we raise.

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Speaker 8: With that additional twenty dollars? They raised a total of

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Speaker 8: one hundred eighty dollars, one.

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Speaker 7: Hundred eighty dollars going to the National Wild Turkey Federation.

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Speaker 8: Well done, kids. Join us next week for more Meat

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Speaker 8: Eater Kids.

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Speaker 7: Trivia, the only other game show where Conservations always wins.

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Speaker 2: Thanks for listening to everyone, See you next week on

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Speaker 2: Meat Eater Kids.