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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know?

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Speaker 1: From House Stuff Works dot Com? Hey, and welcome to

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Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant,

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Speaker 1: uh and that makes this stuff you should know? What

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Speaker 1: Criterion Collection? What are you doing tonight? Buddy? What am

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Speaker 1: I doing tonight? What am I doing tonight? I know

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Speaker 1: what you're doing. What I know what we're doing? Oh yeah, tonight,

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Speaker 1: tonight tonight. So not like tonight in our physical new temporality,

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Speaker 1: I mean tonight in the future. Yes, like as of

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Speaker 1: like someone listening to this, it would be there tonight,

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Speaker 1: I would say, possibly on October twelve. I am going

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Speaker 1: to be at the Drunken UNI. That's right, the Drunken

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Speaker 1: Unicorn on East Paul Stallion Avenue in Atlanta, at the

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Speaker 1: n j q CO of course. Yes, sort of hard

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Speaker 1: to find if you don't know where what you're looking for. Well,

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Speaker 1: this is what you do. You go along Ponce until

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Speaker 1: you see the murder Kroger. You left or right, depending

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Speaker 1: on where you're coming from. Chipotle opposite the murder Kroger

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Speaker 1: on the other side of Ponce and Um, behind that

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Speaker 1: is m j Q. Yes. Beside that is Friends on

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Speaker 1: Ponts the bar never been I'll take you there. It's

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Speaker 1: gonna blow your socks off. Uh. And then below Friends

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Speaker 1: is m j Q. Yes, a very little nondescript door,

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Speaker 1: gray steel door. I think some steps down and I

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Speaker 1: don't think there's any signage whatsoever. Chuck. We may have

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Speaker 1: to have stand outside and be like here, everybody, why

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Speaker 1: are there. We're going to be there because our house band,

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Speaker 1: the Henry Clay People, are going to be playing there.

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Speaker 1: And this is kind of the unofficial kickoff for a

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Speaker 1: big trivia event night, which is tomorrow Tomorrow night, which

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Speaker 1: is October, Yes, and that is at the Five Seasons

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Speaker 1: Brewery West Side on Marietta Street. And it is gonna

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Speaker 1: be fun. I'm getting excited. I'm getting pretty excited. It's

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Speaker 1: gonna be pretty cool. We have actor and author and

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Speaker 1: former literary agent John Hodgman, and we have former Dukes

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Speaker 1: of Hazzard co star Joe Randazzo, and we have Squidbillies

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Speaker 1: co creator and Aquitine Hunger Force co creator Dave Willis.

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Speaker 1: I've been really getting into squid Billies. Yeah, it's awesomely wrong.

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Speaker 1: I don't know if he still has it or not

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Speaker 1: an original um squid billies oil painting on wood, and

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Speaker 1: I don't I haven't talked to him in a while,

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Speaker 1: so I don't know if they've will actually painted it,

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Speaker 1: but I mean it is dead on, so I need

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Speaker 1: to ask him, do you also paint? I was watching

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Speaker 1: last night and Earl the Dad Squid had he always

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Speaker 1: has on different baseball caps that say different retenick things,

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Speaker 1: and one of them beware in big letters and then

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Speaker 1: in small little letters that said good stuff. Good stuff.

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Speaker 1: So there's your chance to come out and meet John

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Speaker 1: and Joe and Dave and Us and Jerry and uh

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Speaker 1: that there'll be other podcasters there, imagine the ones that

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Speaker 1: don't hate us will be there. So Strickland Struggle will

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Speaker 1: be there, Strickland will be there, hopefully some other people. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so we invite everyone to come out six o'clock doors

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Speaker 1: Trivia starts at seven. The Henry Clay People shows one

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Speaker 1: of those later shows, but we encourage you to come.

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Speaker 1: And that's on Tuesday Trivias on Wednesday season Brewer west

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Speaker 1: Side experience some rock and or roll and then some

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Speaker 1: fun trivia and Chuck. Also, you can look up our

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Speaker 1: event on Facebook and there there's all sorts of details

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Speaker 1: and directions and stuff on absolutely yeah check it out,

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Speaker 1: um the stuff you should know trivia event page. And

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Speaker 1: this is the last you will hear of this. That's it.

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Speaker 1: And then what we may be going on a national tour.

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Speaker 1: We're almost definitely going to Austin. It's so funny, like

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Speaker 1: everyone else is so sick of hearing this, but I

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Speaker 1: guarantee you we will get people on that Thursday on Facebook.

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Speaker 1: That's say, well, I never heard anything about your trick,

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Speaker 1: and we'll just be like, go buy a tech hammer

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Speaker 1: at your local Ace Hardware. Take it home, Yes, put

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Speaker 1: the receipt in the garbage can and smack yourself in

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Speaker 1: the forehead with it. Don't return it after all. Right,

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Speaker 1: on with the show, On with the show, Chuck's plug

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Speaker 1: Fest two thousand ten for now. Yeah, So, Chuck, I've

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Speaker 1: got a story for you, alright, story time. Okay, So

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Speaker 1: remember when we were talking about roller Derby's um and

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Speaker 1: there was that whole Transcontinental roller Derby where it was

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Speaker 1: really just a roller rink that people went around fifty

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Speaker 1: seven thousand times for eleven hours a day until they

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Speaker 1: passed out. So I know that that you know that

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Speaker 1: there's all sorts of a thons or what they call

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Speaker 1: what they're called, what they used to be called. People

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Speaker 1: like to just do stuff to the extreme test their endurance. Right,

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Speaker 1: dance a thons, um, hunt nazis a thons. Just anything

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Speaker 1: you could think of in like the forties, fifties and thirties. Well, um,

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Speaker 1: staying awake was not immune to the athon fever. Um.

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Speaker 1: There's a guy in the nineteen fifty nine. He's thirty

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Speaker 1: two years old at the time. His name is Peter Tripp,

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Speaker 1: and he's a disc jockey in New York City, New

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Speaker 1: York City. Yeah, and um, he made a little studio

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Speaker 1: in the storefront and said I'm going to stay awake

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Speaker 1: for as long as I can. And he did. And

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Speaker 1: while he's doing it, oh yeah, he did for two

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Speaker 1: one straight hours. Wow. Yeah, Um he did. This is

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Speaker 1: kind of a mark against him as far as stay

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Speaker 1: awake a thonors or than enthusiasts. But he was given

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Speaker 1: him feta means by two physicians to keep him up. Physicians.

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Speaker 1: But the guy, yeah, well back in those days, Joey

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Speaker 1: in the corner, Yeah, his physicis. Um. I was gonna say,

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Speaker 1: back in those days, you know, like you like doctors

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Speaker 1: prescribed to anything, and I thought, oh, yeah, nothing's changed, right, Um,

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Speaker 1: But he stayed awake for two d one hours, assisted

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Speaker 1: by amphetamans, but still right. Quite an accomplishment it was,

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Speaker 1: and it stood for a while as I think the

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Speaker 1: longest to anyone ever stayed awake, and then people started

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Speaker 1: topping it and topping it, and then finally in nineteen four,

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Speaker 1: there was a teenager in San Diego, which is a

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Speaker 1: town I know you love, uh, And his name was

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Speaker 1: Randy Gardner and he's actually still around. That kid stayed

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Speaker 1: up with nothing, no assistance whatsoever, for two hundred and

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Speaker 1: sixty four hours on purpose to try and set the record. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: for a science fairs. It was a science experiment, and

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Speaker 1: the guy ended up setting the world record for a while.

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Speaker 1: I bet he hallucinated like crazy. Now, yes, here's the thing, Um,

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Speaker 1: I think Randy had a bit of a hard time.

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Speaker 1: He um had something kind of a some sort of

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Speaker 1: psychotic break here there. Um. Peter Tripp particularly had a

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Speaker 1: hard time, especially because of the amphetamines he hallucinated. UM.

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Speaker 1: Cats chasing mice in the little studio. I thought one

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Speaker 1: of the desk drawers that um he was seated at

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Speaker 1: where it was on fire. A man uh showed up

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Speaker 1: in a dark suit, and he confused him for an

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Speaker 1: undertaker and ran out because it was an undertaker probably um.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, there's all sorts of horrible stuff associated with

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Speaker 1: sleep deprivation. I don't like it. Bear with me, I'm

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Speaker 1: with you. We're about to get to the want, Want

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Speaker 1: Want moment. Okay. In two thou seven you may remember

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Speaker 1: there was a guy named um Mr Wright. I can't

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Speaker 1: remember Mr Wright's first name, can you, Tony? He was

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Speaker 1: from Cornwall, England? Oh yeah, I stayed up for eleven

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Speaker 1: days pub in Cornwall, playing pool, just hanging out. We

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Speaker 1: did down the webcast right. Yes, he broke the record

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Speaker 1: and I'm making air quotes here. He broke um Randy

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Speaker 1: um Gardner's record. What he didn't know is that a

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Speaker 1: year after Randy Gardner set the record, a guy in

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Speaker 1: Finland beat Randy Gardner's records. So two problems here, Tony

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Speaker 1: Wright didn't actually beat the world record, And the second

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Speaker 1: part is in Guinness stopped acknowledging the world records for

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Speaker 1: staying awake the longest because of health reasons. So Tony

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Speaker 1: Wright stayed awake for eleven days for absolutely nothing. Well,

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Speaker 1: he got a lot of coverage and he was a

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Speaker 1: national hero in Wales from what I understand. Yeah, yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I would have looked into that beforehand. I would have

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Speaker 1: called Guinness, the Guinness people. Yeah. One of his friends's

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Speaker 1: quota is saying like, we've never heard of this guy

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Speaker 1: in Finland. His name was Tomoy so annoy No, toy me,

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Speaker 1: that's got it. I've got it. His name is Toymi

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Speaker 1: Soyny of Finland. I've never heard of him either, and

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Speaker 1: that's a name you wouldn't forget. No, but thank you

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Speaker 1: for bearing with me through that horribly long introduction. That

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Speaker 1: was good. My point was this, we have this weird

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Speaker 1: obsession with staying awake sometimes, right, it's it's well, some

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Speaker 1: people do. It's it's like an endurance contest. And the

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Speaker 1: guy in New York, Peter Tripp, was assisted by amphetamines.

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Speaker 1: These days, there's entirely new classes of drugs that are

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Speaker 1: designed to keep us awake. Right, Yes, they're called drugs.

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Speaker 1: I don't want anywhere near me. So Chuck, you you

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Speaker 1: were big on sleeping. Right, Well, yeah, but I don't.

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Speaker 1: I don't sleep like Emily sleep. She can sleep. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean I'm still you know, you get older, you

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Speaker 1: start waking up early no matter what. So even if

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Speaker 1: I have a late night at like two am, I'm

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Speaker 1: still up at seven. Yes, okay, but you still require sleep. Yes,

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Speaker 1: I for one am alarmed at the concept of synthetically

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Speaker 1: phasing sleep out, even if we don't need it, even

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Speaker 1: if we figure out how to get asked without sleep,

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Speaker 1: it just seems wrong. Well it is. You know. We'll

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Speaker 1: talk a bit more about that, because I have pretty

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Speaker 1: strong feelings about messing with you know, your natural human biology. Now,

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Speaker 1: we do already chuck through things like caffeine, speed, we

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Speaker 1: stay awake. I know you're huge on speed greenies. Not true,

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Speaker 1: absolutely not true. Um, but what are these things do

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Speaker 1: to you? There's problems, there's side effects, right, but there's

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Speaker 1: a problem. Yeah, caffeine. Um, although there are studies now

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Speaker 1: that say that caffeine can be good for you in

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Speaker 1: certain amounts, But caffeine can make you crash, it can

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Speaker 1: give you diarrhea, it can make you really irritable. If

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Speaker 1: you don't get your caffeine in your system, and the

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Speaker 1: same with amphetamines. You have a serious crash after an

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Speaker 1: amphetamine high. Yes, and that's not what you're looking for. No,

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Speaker 1: that's called sleep debt. Yeah, and you gotta pay it

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Speaker 1: back with amphetamines, right, So sleep for half a day

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Speaker 1: if you've been up on Greenies? Yes, Um, I think

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Speaker 1: when did Greenies? That was big and major League Baseball

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Speaker 1: they called him Greenies? Is that a bunch of baseball

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Speaker 1: players used to them being called Benny's a lot of

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Speaker 1: Caro aquinos in high school's Yeah, that's short for Ben's

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Speaker 1: a dream. Yeah. Yeah, So that's the bad effects of

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Speaker 1: caffeine and sleepitteriness, diarrhea. Plus the problem is that you're

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Speaker 1: being kept awake. You're awake, but you're not There's no

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Speaker 1: rest whatsoever. Yeah, your body is not getting used to

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Speaker 1: it or anything. No, and your mental faculties begin to

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Speaker 1: decline pretty rapidly once it starts, right, So, Chuck, what's

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Speaker 1: somebody who wants to stay up? It doesn't feel like

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Speaker 1: getting addicted to speed going to do? What can you do? Well, Josh?

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Speaker 1: You should try madefanel. What's medeffanel? It is a sort

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Speaker 1: of new drug. What is it about? Twelve? Years old

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Speaker 1: in total. No, some French researchers were even cats in

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Speaker 1: the early nineties, but it's really kind of taken off

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Speaker 1: for human use beginning in ninety I think it's Uh.

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Speaker 1: It's in a class of drugs called eugeroics, yeah, which

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Speaker 1: is Greek for quote good arousal. Yeah. So the idea

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Speaker 1: here is that you can stay awake uh with medeffanel

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Speaker 1: and it goes like all drugs, it goes by like

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Speaker 1: a dozen different names, and you don't have a sleep debt.

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Speaker 1: That's pretty amazing. It is. Um. What's more, it's in

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Speaker 1: this This article was written by Julia Layton on March seventh,

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Speaker 1: two thousand seven. It has quite a bit um. It's

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Speaker 1: at the time at two thousand and seven, medaffanel was

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Speaker 1: like this promise of the future. Um. And and not

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Speaker 1: only no side effects, no addictiveness. Um. All of this

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Speaker 1: stuff has been proven untrue over time. And it's actually

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Speaker 1: I've read one study that found that medaffanel for use

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Speaker 1: and shift to workers late shift workers, it kept them

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Speaker 1: awake one point seven minutes longer than a placebo. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so it may not even work. But um, let's let's

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Speaker 1: take the two thousand seven view of my daffa. No first, Okay, okay,

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Speaker 1: so it's non addictive. How could that possibly be? Well,

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Speaker 1: it can't, but sorry, we're back in time. This is well,

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Speaker 1: are we explaining how it works? Um? Specifically, it doesn't

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Speaker 1: do what caffeine and emphetamines do, things like blocking uh

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Speaker 1: neuro receptors that triggered drowsiness. UM one's called a dinna

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Speaker 1: scene and they block the receptors that bind to it.

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Speaker 1: Caffeine does, and so it will keep you awake basically

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Speaker 1: because you're not feeling tired. Right. So, like your neurotransmitters,

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Speaker 1: all of our neurotransmitters function by a release and then

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Speaker 1: they float around and have their effect and then they're

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Speaker 1: they're taken back up uptake re uptake. Yeah, well, in

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Speaker 1: dopamine plays a big part two in both of these, right.

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Speaker 1: But with with the neurotransmitter, including dopamine, you can activate

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Speaker 1: its release and or prevent its reuptake, so you're either

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Speaker 1: flooding the brain with it and or keeping it in

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Speaker 1: the brain longer. Right. Well, and that's what amphetamines too, specifically,

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Speaker 1: is they give the dopamine nowhere to go, so you're

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Speaker 1: just euphork sounds pretty good to me. It does sound good.

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Speaker 1: But the problem is is your brains like, oh, you

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Speaker 1: want to play that game, huh, while I'm just gonna

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Speaker 1: withhold dopamine unnaturally, So you're gonna be depressed for three

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Speaker 1: or four days. Okay. So that's how you get addicted

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Speaker 1: to something. Though, anytime dopamine is released artificially in the brain,

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Speaker 1: your body loves it, right, And that's here's the problem.

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Speaker 1: You're Dopamine is the centerpiece of the brain's reward system.

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Speaker 1: It's how we learn to eat and have sex, to

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Speaker 1: reproduce or have sex for whatever reason, and anything that

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Speaker 1: gives us a sense of pleasure. Dopa means involved, and

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Speaker 1: we're taught we're motivated to repeat that behavior through the

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Speaker 1: release of dopamine. So if we drink caffeine or take

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Speaker 1: speed or do cocaine or whatever, and dopamins released, we're

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Speaker 1: taught to do it again, which is the basis of addiction, which,

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Speaker 1: by the way, I think we should do a podcast

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Speaker 1: on just addiction. Yeah, it's a really interesting about that

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Speaker 1: how addiction works. Well, let's do it. Okay, let's do

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Speaker 1: it right now. Alright, you're ready, I'm not prepared. So

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Speaker 1: that's how those other uh well in two thousand seven,

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Speaker 1: more nefarious drugs would help keep you awake, and um,

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Speaker 1: medefanel didn't do that for some reason. It activated dopamine,

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Speaker 1: but just maybe not as much, right, And they believe

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Speaker 1: that medefanel actually targets a neurotransmitter G A B A.

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Speaker 1: We'll just call it gabba gabba, gabba gabba, and that

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Speaker 1: is the sleep regulator of the brain. And it seemed

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Speaker 1: to slow down uh gabba's release. So basically your brain

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Speaker 1: at it now that hey, it's time to go to

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Speaker 1: sleep now, right, like your circadian rhythms thrown off, right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So it's specifically targeted that and well not that alone,

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Speaker 1: because it did release a little bit of dopamine, right,

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Speaker 1: it did, But what they were saying was like it's

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Speaker 1: just such a little amount that you're not becoming addicted

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Speaker 1: like it does. But you're not becoming addicted. Don't worry

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Speaker 1: about it. Um gaba is not the only and there's

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Speaker 1: also um from what I found, there's four types of

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Speaker 1: gab gabba and apparently like gab before is like the

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Speaker 1: most sensitive one, and that's like the real it's the

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Speaker 1: trux of research right now is trying to figure out

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Speaker 1: GABBA or GABA four um. But in addition to GABA,

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Speaker 1: there's also histamines which make us drowsy. That's why antihistamines

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Speaker 1: can jet you up. UM. And there's also glutamate, and

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Speaker 1: glutamate is um basically the brain's natural speed, right um.

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Speaker 1: So they think that I think they figured it out

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Speaker 1: by now. But two thousand seven thought was that the

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Speaker 1: the medaffanel prevented the reuptake of glutamate, which keeps you

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Speaker 1: alert and functioning right. Yeah. And the end result of

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Speaker 1: all this is what they found was a miracle drug,

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Speaker 1: is what they called it, because there was no sleep

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Speaker 1: that when you came off of um this drug, you

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Speaker 1: didn't need to sleep for a half a day to

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Speaker 1: catch up on things. You would just go back and

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Speaker 1: fall into your regular pattern and be all rested. Yeah

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Speaker 1: it sounds great. Yeah, it does sound great. I mean

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Speaker 1: staying up for four day hours and then just being

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Speaker 1: able to get an average eight hour night sleep and

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Speaker 1: you're fine. I mean, why why wouldn't you want to

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Speaker 1: do that? Me personally, Well, we'll get to that later.

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Speaker 1: Well we should say too though, that it was developed

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Speaker 1: to treat U narcolepsy specifically, right, and we should probably

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Speaker 1: talk about this. There's a company called Cephalon, and Cephalon

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Speaker 1: took Madeffanel and marketed the heck out of it as

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Speaker 1: a pro vagil and provagil. According to a two thousand

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Speaker 1: two New York Times article, we read UM said call

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Speaker 1: said that um. It means provides vigilance. Right, And basically

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Speaker 1: it was adopted for off label use by everyone from

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Speaker 1: college students to the CEO of of UM Cephalon. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: what's uh, Frank Cabaldino. Frank Baldino, he took it and

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Speaker 1: he didn't say why he was taking it. No, but

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Speaker 1: the only thing it's approof for is NARCILEPSI is a

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Speaker 1: treatment of narcilepsy. They've tried to get it a proof

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Speaker 1: for jet lag, they tried to get it a proof

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Speaker 1: for shift workers UM syndrome. They tried to get it

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Speaker 1: a proof for general drowsiness tiredness UM and they couldn't that.

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Speaker 1: THEA was like, no, we'll let you sell this for narcilepsy,

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Speaker 1: to treat narcileptics. The problem is it's not how it

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Speaker 1: wor right. Well, the problem is there's only about two

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Speaker 1: thousand narcileptics in the United States. So Cephalon is like,

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Speaker 1: we need to get this out there, and they started

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Speaker 1: marketing it off label. It's kind of nefariously as well. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it became a lifestyle drug, is what they classified it as. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: UM a new tropic and O O T R O

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Speaker 1: P I C, which means it's it's another name for

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Speaker 1: smart drug, like trans humanists love new tropics. Yes, all

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Speaker 1: those farmer names were so like, I don't know, they

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Speaker 1: rubbed me the wrong way. So like I said, uh, nefarious,

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Speaker 1: I'm basing this nefarious nous on UM. This really great article, Chuck.

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Speaker 1: There's two parts called UM The Rise and Fall of Provigil,

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Speaker 1: and it's by UM investigative journalist Evelyn Pringle, And I

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Speaker 1: think everybody should read this. It's really interesting. This is

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Speaker 1: hot off like yesterday it was released. I think, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it was hot off the press. How how odd is

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Speaker 1: that I know that you picked this, Yeah, because I

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Speaker 1: had no idea that this was written yesterday and we

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Speaker 1: picked it like two days before a week before. Anyway,

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Speaker 1: in the article, she talks about how um Cephalon had

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Speaker 1: UM physicians that they were underwriting. It didn't reveal their

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Speaker 1: relationship to the company. But we're saying, like, this is

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Speaker 1: a great drug and it should be used for all

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Speaker 1: these off market purposes. Stuff that if the company had

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Speaker 1: done it, they would have been prosecuted federally. There was

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Speaker 1: a and the Attorney General of Pennsylvania oversaw a bunch

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Speaker 1: of lawsuits and the company hired him as executive legal counsel. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: just all sorts of stuff like that. There's allegations of

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Speaker 1: UM paid to delay UM programs with UH, with their

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Speaker 1: competitors that they found that of the prescriptions written had

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Speaker 1: nothing to do with an ecalepsy. Yeah, it was depression, MS, sleepiness,

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Speaker 1: and like you said, the shift workers syndrome. They were

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Speaker 1: prescribing it for all kinds of things, basically to make

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Speaker 1: you feel better. They had their UM reps actually visiting psychiatrists,

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Speaker 1: dentists were prescribing this stuff. Yeah, UM. And and again

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Speaker 1: two arcileptics of them were on the drug within a

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Speaker 1: year of its release, right, Yeah, And it just wasn't enough. Well,

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Speaker 1: and then that's when they started jacking up the price,

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Speaker 1: when they found out that people really love this stuff.

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Speaker 1: From November to March it rose in price and it

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Speaker 1: was seventy seventy percent more expensive than it was four

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Speaker 1: years previous in two thousand four, and I think it

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Speaker 1: topped out at like thirteen eighteen dollars a pill. That

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Speaker 1: is insane. And the long and short of all this,

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Speaker 1: as of this week, the European Medicines Agency basically came

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Speaker 1: out and said, you know what, you can't use this

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Speaker 1: for anything but narcolepsy, because we have found out that

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Speaker 1: there are certain psychiatric disorders this causes, like suicidal thoughts

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Speaker 1: and depression in psychotic episodes and potentially life threatening skin reactions.

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Speaker 1: And also, first, I'm sorry, you're right it topped out

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Speaker 1: at thirteen sixty two a pill when it was originally

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Speaker 1: five dollars and fifty three cents a pill for no

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Speaker 1: reason whatsoever. It just rose and costs in the US

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Speaker 1: make money, UM, and you were talking king about the

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Speaker 1: psychiatric disorders that it exacerbated. They basically reformulated um MD

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Speaker 1: affodel into a kid's version for the treatment of a

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Speaker 1: d h D, and they found that what would be

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Speaker 1: the equivalent in the in the UM actual population of

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Speaker 1: one in about two hundred or no. Twenty in a

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Speaker 1: hundred cases of things like psychotic breaks, suicidal thoughts and children.

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Speaker 1: And this drug, it was called Sparlon, was taken out

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Speaker 1: of FDA testing. They just dropped it. Yeah. Well, and

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Speaker 1: not only that, but it's supposedly non addictive. Not so.

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Speaker 1: In two thousand nine, a psychiatrist an addiction specialists said

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Speaker 1: UH to USA Today that he had seen his third

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Speaker 1: case of probagil addiction and UM two doctors back to

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Speaker 1: back admitted that they were addicted to it and they

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Speaker 1: were also alcoholics. Right, And it's kind of interesting. I guess.

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Speaker 1: So the hammer kind of all down on um munafodil

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Speaker 1: and cephalon kind of simultaneously. It's currently falling. It sounds like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: the um FTC has a lawsuit. There's UM. I think

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Speaker 1: three different employees turned whistleblow around the company and file

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Speaker 1: lawsuits against it UM. And then yeah, that psychiatrists came

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Speaker 1: out in USA today and said that he was treating

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Speaker 1: people for addiction to it, which is huge. And then

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Speaker 1: Bloomberg also the same day, Bloomberg News released a report

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Speaker 1: about its addictiveness. But it's really interesting to read the

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Speaker 1: stuff that's going on now compared to our two thousand

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Speaker 1: seven articles that I think probably should be taken down

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Speaker 1: and rewritten pretty soon because it's basically claims it's a

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Speaker 1: wonder drug, like, yeah, it makes it actually compared it

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Speaker 1: to viagran and says it's better because you don't get

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Speaker 1: five hour erections, right or worse depending on your viewpoint.

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Speaker 1: Uh So, Josh, that is just one drug that we

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Speaker 1: have picked out, but that is not the whole story

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Speaker 1: of science phasing out sleep. Yeah, and this, this whole

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Speaker 1: podcast isn't intended to to target cephalon. It was just

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Speaker 1: really interesting that we ran across this during our research.

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Speaker 1: And again, I think you should read um The Rise

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Speaker 1: and Fall of Provigil by Evelyn Pringle. Just look it

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Speaker 1: up online. I think it's up there for free, right. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's a good one. So, uh, Munafodel is not the

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00:24:19,160 --> 00:24:23,399
Speaker 1: only thing, like you said, targeting sleep. There's another drug

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Speaker 1: from Cortex, the pharmaceutical company called c X seven seventeen,

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Speaker 1: and it works sort of like the other one, and

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Speaker 1: that it keeps you awake by triggering glutamate activity and

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00:24:37,640 --> 00:24:41,639
Speaker 1: specifically triggers that and it also targets histamine, so it

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Speaker 1: sort of works in the same way. But science is

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Speaker 1: all over. What they're trying to do is they're trying

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Speaker 1: to research and see if they can get people by

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Speaker 1: on less sleep with the same effects as having a

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Speaker 1: full nine a sleep. That seems to be the goal.

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Speaker 1: Get three hours of sleep, but your body feel is

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Speaker 1: like it got eight hours, and not only hours, the

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Speaker 1: best eight hours bets and it's safe. It can't be addictive,

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Speaker 1: which means it can't have any effect on your reward system,

418
00:25:09,359 --> 00:25:13,320
Speaker 1: so no dopamine could be released, right, Um, and that

419
00:25:13,480 --> 00:25:16,800
Speaker 1: what you were talking about c X seventeen seven seventeen.

420
00:25:16,880 --> 00:25:19,919
Speaker 1: C X seven seventeen. It's an amp keene. That's the

421
00:25:19,960 --> 00:25:22,440
Speaker 1: class of drug and like you said, it targets the reuptake.

422
00:25:22,440 --> 00:25:24,800
Speaker 1: A glutamate has nothing to do with the reward system

423
00:25:24,840 --> 00:25:26,600
Speaker 1: as far as we know right now, And that's the

424
00:25:26,600 --> 00:25:29,639
Speaker 1: one that DARP was looking into. DARP is leading the

425
00:25:30,119 --> 00:25:34,080
Speaker 1: way they're driving this sleep deprivation research because you know

426
00:25:34,480 --> 00:25:40,159
Speaker 1: it's military, yes, and apparently the special ops guys have

427
00:25:40,320 --> 00:25:43,479
Speaker 1: to stay up for seventy two straight hours usually with

428
00:25:43,600 --> 00:25:46,520
Speaker 1: very very little, if any rest, and be sharp enough

429
00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:50,600
Speaker 1: to you know, assassinate somebody. Um, well, the military did

430
00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:55,399
Speaker 1: a lot of testing on nafadel. Yes, and this is

431
00:25:55,440 --> 00:25:58,280
Speaker 1: the this is a I can't remember what article it was,

432
00:25:58,320 --> 00:26:00,760
Speaker 1: but somebody talked to a Darper research true who said,

433
00:26:01,560 --> 00:26:03,880
Speaker 1: we we found it was about as good as caffeine,

434
00:26:04,640 --> 00:26:07,159
Speaker 1: which is weird. Like, I don't understand because this, the

435
00:26:07,359 --> 00:26:11,159
Speaker 1: article that Layton wrote, is saying like this has a

436
00:26:11,240 --> 00:26:15,120
Speaker 1: huge following. People swear by the stuff. It clearly did

437
00:26:15,680 --> 00:26:19,000
Speaker 1: and probably still does. So I don't understand how clinical

438
00:26:19,040 --> 00:26:21,880
Speaker 1: results could show it's no better than caffeine while other

439
00:26:21,880 --> 00:26:24,000
Speaker 1: people are like, this is the greatest thing ever. Well,

440
00:26:24,040 --> 00:26:25,960
Speaker 1: it could be the placebo going on again. I guess

441
00:26:25,960 --> 00:26:28,520
Speaker 1: it could be. With the military though, they would give

442
00:26:28,560 --> 00:26:30,800
Speaker 1: it to these pilots for a couple of days, make

443
00:26:30,880 --> 00:26:32,680
Speaker 1: them stay awake, and then have them go out and

444
00:26:32,720 --> 00:26:35,600
Speaker 1: fight their fighter jet and just to see what happened,

445
00:26:36,160 --> 00:26:38,399
Speaker 1: and they found that after that it did. It did

446
00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:40,520
Speaker 1: a good job till about the forty eight hour point,

447
00:26:41,000 --> 00:26:43,880
Speaker 1: and then after that, regardless of what you're on, your

448
00:26:43,880 --> 00:26:46,679
Speaker 1: body is going to start showing effects of sluggishness and

449
00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:49,679
Speaker 1: maybe hallucinations and the things that you don't want if

450
00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:52,320
Speaker 1: you're a fighter pilot, no, or just a regular guy

451
00:26:52,640 --> 00:26:55,520
Speaker 1: trying to make a living in this world. Exactly. There

452
00:26:55,600 --> 00:26:58,560
Speaker 1: was a two thousand ninth study, Munofadel actually did contribute

453
00:26:58,560 --> 00:27:02,200
Speaker 1: to our understanding of the human brain. Um. Some researchers

454
00:27:02,200 --> 00:27:05,360
Speaker 1: that you see Davis slapped people into a wonder machine,

455
00:27:05,840 --> 00:27:10,000
Speaker 1: loaded them up on munofadel, kept them awake, and watched

456
00:27:10,080 --> 00:27:14,680
Speaker 1: their brain, and they saw heightened activity in the locusts ceruleus.

457
00:27:15,640 --> 00:27:18,520
Speaker 1: I can't imagine being in a wonder machine for two

458
00:27:18,600 --> 00:27:22,119
Speaker 1: days straight. I think they probably sleep deprived him and

459
00:27:22,119 --> 00:27:23,920
Speaker 1: then probably towards the end of the second day or

460
00:27:23,960 --> 00:27:26,880
Speaker 1: something they put them I don't know. But they also

461
00:27:26,920 --> 00:27:29,760
Speaker 1: gave them tests and found that that some tests have

462
00:27:29,840 --> 00:27:35,120
Speaker 1: found that people actually do better on psychological tests, tests

463
00:27:35,119 --> 00:27:39,960
Speaker 1: of skill, feats of strength, you know, festivus stuff um

464
00:27:40,119 --> 00:27:43,879
Speaker 1: on munofadel. Then they do, you know, just awake or

465
00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:45,879
Speaker 1: on caffeine or in photomanes or something like that. So

466
00:27:45,920 --> 00:27:48,760
Speaker 1: that mixed results. But we didn't know what part of

467
00:27:48,800 --> 00:27:51,439
Speaker 1: the brain was keeping people awake or was subject to

468
00:27:51,480 --> 00:27:54,640
Speaker 1: sleep deprivation, and now we do it's the locus ceruleus.

469
00:27:54,680 --> 00:27:57,000
Speaker 1: So that's probably going to play a role in this

470
00:27:57,200 --> 00:28:00,600
Speaker 1: endless quest to do away with sleep, right part of it. Yeah,

471
00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:03,280
Speaker 1: it's not just drugs either. They're looking for a sleep gene.

472
00:28:03,720 --> 00:28:06,840
Speaker 1: That one's really interesting to me, don't you think take

473
00:28:06,880 --> 00:28:09,320
Speaker 1: it away? Because drugs are drugs. But they believe that

474
00:28:10,080 --> 00:28:11,840
Speaker 1: there are people that can get by on less sleep,

475
00:28:11,880 --> 00:28:14,679
Speaker 1: that they're called short sleepers. About one in a thousand

476
00:28:14,760 --> 00:28:18,040
Speaker 1: people can function just fine on a few hours asleep.

477
00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:21,320
Speaker 1: They don't need a big eight or nine hours. And uh,

478
00:28:21,400 --> 00:28:24,239
Speaker 1: they believe it's hereditary and they're trying to find this

479
00:28:24,320 --> 00:28:27,720
Speaker 1: gene so they can tweak it and make us all

480
00:28:27,760 --> 00:28:30,600
Speaker 1: into short sleeper so wet all get more stuff done? Yeah,

481
00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:34,640
Speaker 1: and there's um, there's actually a species of fruit fly

482
00:28:35,359 --> 00:28:37,919
Speaker 1: that is a short sleeper fruit fly and it has

483
00:28:37,920 --> 00:28:40,440
Speaker 1: a mutation. And what they found is a mutation has

484
00:28:40,480 --> 00:28:44,080
Speaker 1: to do with potassium channels. No one knows exactly what yet,

485
00:28:44,560 --> 00:28:48,440
Speaker 1: but that's interesting because there's an autoimmune deficiency or an

486
00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:53,000
Speaker 1: autoimmune disease called more Vans syndrome and people in more

487
00:28:53,080 --> 00:28:56,560
Speaker 1: vents and people with more Van syndrome have trouble sleeping.

488
00:28:57,040 --> 00:29:01,120
Speaker 1: And there's uh, their syndrome has a affects the transport

489
00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:03,760
Speaker 1: of potassium through sheell membranes. So there's a tie there

490
00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:06,640
Speaker 1: for sure. Definitely. So it has something to do with bananas.

491
00:29:06,720 --> 00:29:09,520
Speaker 1: Is that where this is all headed. I guess fruit

492
00:29:09,600 --> 00:29:14,760
Speaker 1: flies potassium. Oh my god. So if they find this gene,

493
00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:18,960
Speaker 1: I think what they're looking for as a future where

494
00:29:19,800 --> 00:29:24,080
Speaker 1: people can um program their lifestyle how they want it.

495
00:29:24,600 --> 00:29:26,280
Speaker 1: If you're if you want to work eighty hours a

496
00:29:26,320 --> 00:29:29,160
Speaker 1: week and work till four am and get up at seven,

497
00:29:29,520 --> 00:29:31,200
Speaker 1: maybe there's a pill that can help you do that

498
00:29:31,240 --> 00:29:35,680
Speaker 1: with no side effects. Maybe I don't. What I find

499
00:29:35,720 --> 00:29:41,000
Speaker 1: alarming is that sleep, um like sleep being synthetically reduced

500
00:29:41,200 --> 00:29:47,440
Speaker 1: or eliminated natural sleep. Even among sleep researchers who are like,

501
00:29:47,480 --> 00:29:52,040
Speaker 1: this is a horrible, horrible idea, they still say it's inevitable.

502
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:54,880
Speaker 1: And apparently the predictions are like ten to twenty years off,

503
00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:57,880
Speaker 1: where we either have a pill that we can take

504
00:29:57,920 --> 00:29:59,760
Speaker 1: and sleep for three hours but feel like we slept

505
00:29:59,800 --> 00:30:02,000
Speaker 1: for a and keep going, or we won't have to

506
00:30:02,040 --> 00:30:07,000
Speaker 1: sleep at all. Um. The problem is remember John Maynard Keynes,

507
00:30:07,560 --> 00:30:11,840
Speaker 1: the economists, and he came up with the leisure society

508
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:14,280
Speaker 1: in the nineteen thirties. He was like, people in a

509
00:30:14,320 --> 00:30:16,760
Speaker 1: hundred years won't even have to work, and we'll all

510
00:30:16,800 --> 00:30:20,360
Speaker 1: just sit around and and have fun. He was right

511
00:30:20,400 --> 00:30:24,840
Speaker 1: about us being wealthy and having more leisure time. But

512
00:30:24,920 --> 00:30:27,360
Speaker 1: what he missed the mark on was that we don't

513
00:30:27,360 --> 00:30:29,600
Speaker 1: spend our leisure time on leisure now, we'd spent it

514
00:30:29,640 --> 00:30:33,880
Speaker 1: trying to acquire more wealth. So why why would you

515
00:30:33,960 --> 00:30:37,480
Speaker 1: possibly want to have a twenty two hour day of wakefulness?

516
00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:40,360
Speaker 1: The whole point of our eight hour work day is

517
00:30:40,400 --> 00:30:44,000
Speaker 1: to divide the day into three parts, eight hours working,

518
00:30:44,440 --> 00:30:47,640
Speaker 1: eight hours of leisure time, which we now spend vacuuming

519
00:30:47,680 --> 00:30:50,680
Speaker 1: and going to the grocery store, and eight hours for sleep.

520
00:30:51,280 --> 00:30:54,480
Speaker 1: I find it really discouraging to think that we're going

521
00:30:54,520 --> 00:30:57,600
Speaker 1: in that direction to where we're carving at the eight hours.

522
00:30:57,800 --> 00:31:00,000
Speaker 1: We've already done away with the eight hours of leisure

523
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:03,920
Speaker 1: your time, and now we're going after sleep. Would mistake.

524
00:31:04,840 --> 00:31:06,240
Speaker 1: I think it's a huge mistake. But there are some

525
00:31:06,280 --> 00:31:08,480
Speaker 1: people out there that would love to be able to

526
00:31:08,520 --> 00:31:10,200
Speaker 1: only get three hours of sleep at night and all

527
00:31:10,240 --> 00:31:14,200
Speaker 1: the stuff that they could get done. Ah, I don't know, man,

528
00:31:14,280 --> 00:31:17,800
Speaker 1: I mean, what is there to do from two am

529
00:31:17,840 --> 00:31:22,160
Speaker 1: to five am? Oh? They'll be I mean, first of all,

530
00:31:22,240 --> 00:31:24,120
Speaker 1: you got taco bell, right, so you can go to

531
00:31:24,120 --> 00:31:27,240
Speaker 1: taco Bell. It's one thing. There's all sorts of stuff

532
00:31:27,280 --> 00:31:30,720
Speaker 1: you can do. But imagine if everybody else is up. Well,

533
00:31:30,800 --> 00:31:33,240
Speaker 1: that's true. And I guess if if they build a

534
00:31:33,320 --> 00:31:37,520
Speaker 1: twenty four hour society like New York City, those freaks

535
00:31:37,520 --> 00:31:40,560
Speaker 1: in that town, it would there would be more things,

536
00:31:40,640 --> 00:31:43,280
Speaker 1: would be, libraries open, businesses would be open, everything would

537
00:31:43,280 --> 00:31:45,280
Speaker 1: be open for twenty four hours. Everything would go to

538
00:31:45,280 --> 00:31:48,000
Speaker 1: shift work. The key here is, if we're going to

539
00:31:48,160 --> 00:31:52,800
Speaker 1: do that, don't ever ever agree to a salaried position.

540
00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:56,680
Speaker 1: Always always make it hourly or else you're just in

541
00:31:56,760 --> 00:32:00,320
Speaker 1: big trouble. Yeah, so I say no, thank you, I

542
00:32:00,360 --> 00:32:04,080
Speaker 1: do too, chuckers um. Also, if the pills don't work,

543
00:32:04,360 --> 00:32:06,800
Speaker 1: if they don't find the sleep gene, they've got this

544
00:32:06,840 --> 00:32:12,760
Speaker 1: one thing. It's called brain polarization. Remember transcranial magnetic stimulation.

545
00:32:13,120 --> 00:32:15,480
Speaker 1: How could I forget? Okay, So this is called the

546
00:32:15,520 --> 00:32:20,040
Speaker 1: poor man's version of that, where rather than using electromagnetism,

547
00:32:20,120 --> 00:32:22,800
Speaker 1: it uses a DC current to jolt your brain awake.

548
00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:26,080
Speaker 1: Oh that's that machine. So look for that. Look for

549
00:32:26,120 --> 00:32:28,600
Speaker 1: a future where you're you have a cattle prod in

550
00:32:28,640 --> 00:32:31,320
Speaker 1: your brain so you can work longer. You think, really sleep,

551
00:32:31,440 --> 00:32:34,200
Speaker 1: I'm falling asleep and it feels so good. Yeah, Oh,

552
00:32:34,240 --> 00:32:38,200
Speaker 1: I feel great and I can get some more spreadsheets done. Yes. Uh,

553
00:32:38,240 --> 00:32:40,600
Speaker 1: if there's going to be any future for humanity, we

554
00:32:40,680 --> 00:32:43,600
Speaker 1: have to rail against this, everybody. So let's stand together. Else,

555
00:32:43,640 --> 00:32:46,640
Speaker 1: everyone go to sleep. You should probably go onto how

556
00:32:46,680 --> 00:32:49,760
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com and read the hilariously out of

557
00:32:49,840 --> 00:32:53,120
Speaker 1: date is Science Phasing out sleep, type in phasing and

558
00:32:53,200 --> 00:32:55,560
Speaker 1: sleep in the search bar at how stuff works dot Com.

559
00:32:55,600 --> 00:32:58,560
Speaker 1: That will take you elsewhere. Also, don't forget the Rise

560
00:32:58,600 --> 00:33:01,080
Speaker 1: and Fall of Provigil p R O V I g

561
00:33:01,240 --> 00:33:05,080
Speaker 1: I L by Evelyn Pringle, and also the Stay Awake

562
00:33:05,120 --> 00:33:08,040
Speaker 1: Men on the New York Times. It was an opinion

563
00:33:08,040 --> 00:33:12,000
Speaker 1: calum written by Thomas Bartlett. Pretty good stuff, just his opinion. Yeah,

564
00:33:12,080 --> 00:33:14,760
Speaker 1: all right, it's time for what listener mail? Do we

565
00:33:14,800 --> 00:33:19,320
Speaker 1: have listener mail? Yeah? We do. Let's do it. The

566
00:33:19,360 --> 00:33:21,680
Speaker 1: return of listener Mail Josh. And this is specific to

567
00:33:21,800 --> 00:33:25,280
Speaker 1: our trivia night because it is about Aquitine Hunger course awesome.

568
00:33:25,720 --> 00:33:29,040
Speaker 1: This is from Kate and Hunter, who are married. Hey, guys,

569
00:33:29,080 --> 00:33:31,080
Speaker 1: when I heard that the creator of Aquitine would be

570
00:33:31,120 --> 00:33:35,080
Speaker 1: joining your trivia festival and Trivia Festival, I felt compelled

571
00:33:35,120 --> 00:33:37,120
Speaker 1: to write you guys to tell you of how that

572
00:33:37,160 --> 00:33:39,600
Speaker 1: show changed my life. I was in my junior year

573
00:33:39,640 --> 00:33:41,440
Speaker 1: of college, when I went to a potluck dinner at

574
00:33:41,440 --> 00:33:44,360
Speaker 1: a friend's apartment. I met a sweet, handsome and funny

575
00:33:44,360 --> 00:33:46,959
Speaker 1: guy there and we chatted most of the evening. At

576
00:33:46,960 --> 00:33:49,320
Speaker 1: the end of the night, he mentioned aquitine. He did

577
00:33:49,360 --> 00:33:51,720
Speaker 1: his meat Wad voice and asked if I'd like to

578
00:33:51,760 --> 00:33:54,480
Speaker 1: go over to his place and watch a t H

579
00:33:55,120 --> 00:33:57,640
Speaker 1: because he had season one on DVD. It's like the

580
00:33:57,680 --> 00:34:00,520
Speaker 1: Etchings of the Century. You want to come inspect to

581
00:34:00,600 --> 00:34:04,520
Speaker 1: my place? My Actually, he's a very smooth character. We

582
00:34:04,560 --> 00:34:06,720
Speaker 1: stayed up all night watching the show, laughing and talking.

583
00:34:06,720 --> 00:34:09,040
Speaker 1: Two years later, we were spending our date night watching

584
00:34:09,080 --> 00:34:11,719
Speaker 1: a t H and eating pizza when he proposed to me.

585
00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:14,480
Speaker 1: When we were planning our wedding, we wanted to put

586
00:34:14,600 --> 00:34:17,239
Speaker 1: meat Wad and Master Shake on top of the cake

587
00:34:17,760 --> 00:34:20,960
Speaker 1: asaid homage to their role in our meeting with Frylock

588
00:34:21,000 --> 00:34:24,000
Speaker 1: as the minister, but we couldn't find any little figures

589
00:34:24,000 --> 00:34:26,200
Speaker 1: of them. We tried several times to get in touch

590
00:34:26,239 --> 00:34:28,399
Speaker 1: with someone connected to the show see if they could

591
00:34:28,400 --> 00:34:30,040
Speaker 1: hook us up or tell us where we could buy them,

592
00:34:30,040 --> 00:34:32,840
Speaker 1: but we never had any luck. Our wedding was perfect anyway,

593
00:34:32,880 --> 00:34:35,960
Speaker 1: and we've been married close to three years now. Needless

594
00:34:36,000 --> 00:34:39,000
Speaker 1: to say, we still love Aquitine. So if you guys

595
00:34:39,080 --> 00:34:42,000
Speaker 1: think to share our story with Dave Willis, tell him

596
00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:45,000
Speaker 1: thank you for us from Kate and Hunter and this

597
00:34:45,080 --> 00:34:48,120
Speaker 1: is our way of sharing it. And I hope everybody

598
00:34:48,280 --> 00:34:51,680
Speaker 1: is listening to our show. Yeah, I wonder if he

599
00:34:51,760 --> 00:34:53,680
Speaker 1: does now now that he's like, oh, I didn't know

600
00:34:53,760 --> 00:34:55,680
Speaker 1: these guys existed. I guess I'll listen to him since

601
00:34:55,680 --> 00:34:59,239
Speaker 1: I'm playing Betty he checked it out and uh may

602
00:34:59,239 --> 00:35:01,600
Speaker 1: have listened to poor episode and never tuned an again,

603
00:35:02,480 --> 00:35:04,279
Speaker 1: or maybe he's our number one fan. Now. Yeah, I

604
00:35:04,280 --> 00:35:07,200
Speaker 1: think that's a great story, And I for one think

605
00:35:07,280 --> 00:35:10,640
Speaker 1: that they should manufacture the characters from Aquatine Hunger Force,

606
00:35:10,719 --> 00:35:16,480
Speaker 1: like remember the little figurings. Yeah, perfect size handy. You know,

607
00:35:16,520 --> 00:35:19,239
Speaker 1: back in the day when South Park first came on,

608
00:35:19,840 --> 00:35:22,759
Speaker 1: I made uh little Sculpi. You know what Sculpi is,

609
00:35:24,400 --> 00:35:28,080
Speaker 1: very sculpie. It's like Plato and Clay, but you can

610
00:35:28,120 --> 00:35:30,600
Speaker 1: bake it in your oven at home. Yeah, yeah, sculp

611
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:34,520
Speaker 1: I made little Sculpie South Park guys, because they didn't

612
00:35:34,560 --> 00:35:37,280
Speaker 1: exist at the time. It was so new and people

613
00:35:37,280 --> 00:35:39,040
Speaker 1: are like, oh my gosh, where'd you get those? And

614
00:35:39,040 --> 00:35:41,600
Speaker 1: said I made him? And then you know they started

615
00:35:41,600 --> 00:35:46,200
Speaker 1: mass manufacturing South Park and everything after that. Anyway, I

616
00:35:46,200 --> 00:35:48,759
Speaker 1: would have recommended to Kate and Hunter to get sculpie

617
00:35:48,800 --> 00:35:51,440
Speaker 1: and make your frylock and master shaking meat one. They're

618
00:35:51,440 --> 00:35:54,000
Speaker 1: pretty demanding. They like things to just be kind of

619
00:35:54,400 --> 00:35:57,120
Speaker 1: given to him, and it sounds like it. Well. Thanks Kate,

620
00:35:57,120 --> 00:36:00,879
Speaker 1: Thanks Hunter Mozeltov on your wedding. Sorry it didn't work

621
00:36:00,880 --> 00:36:04,839
Speaker 1: out exactly according to plan, but we'll see if um

622
00:36:04,920 --> 00:36:08,320
Speaker 1: God can change things for you. If you have something

623
00:36:08,360 --> 00:36:11,440
Speaker 1: you want to um, let us know about a wedding,

624
00:36:11,920 --> 00:36:18,399
Speaker 1: a funeral, um or a voyagency. We want to hear

625
00:36:18,400 --> 00:36:20,960
Speaker 1: about it. Wrapping up in an email and send it

626
00:36:21,000 --> 00:36:29,160
Speaker 1: to stuff podcast at how stuff works dot com For

627
00:36:29,320 --> 00:36:31,640
Speaker 1: more on this and thousands of other topics. Is it

628
00:36:31,719 --> 00:36:35,080
Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. Want more how stuff works,

629
00:36:35,360 --> 00:36:37,560
Speaker 1: check out our blogs on the house. Stuff works dot

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Speaker 1: Com home page. Brought to you by the reinvented two

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Speaker 1: thousand twelve camera. It's ready, are you