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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark.

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Speaker 1: There's Charles W Chuck Bryant, There's guest producer Matt Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and Jerry's not here because Jerry is a storm sufferer. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: How did you fare? Pretty good? I mean powers out

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Speaker 1: for a little while, cables out for a little bit, nothing,

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Speaker 1: nothing bad. Yeah, we um, we're talking about Irma. If

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Speaker 1: this is this is obviously in the future, there maybe

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Speaker 1: another hurricane by then for all we know. Yeah, well,

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Speaker 1: Jose is starting to circle background. I think, yeah, that's

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Speaker 1: what I see. Uh. But yeah, Irma came through Atlanta,

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Speaker 1: which is weird for a hurricane and then eventually tropical

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Speaker 1: storm to reach that far inland. Uh. And I was

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Speaker 1: kind of like, well, you know, we get bad thunderstorms

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Speaker 1: in Atlanta, will be fine. Didn't make you. I bought

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Speaker 1: some extra milk for the kid, and but I didn't

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Speaker 1: like go nuts with you know, prepper style stuff. But

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Speaker 1: it was surprisingly scary. I'm here to tell you. Were

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Speaker 1: you scared? Yeah, I mean that was like in our

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Speaker 1: our part of Atlanta got hit the hardest. Um, sort

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Speaker 1: of the Eastlake Decatur, Kirkwood, decap County area. Uh, And

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Speaker 1: there was one there was one moment where the trees

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Speaker 1: and we have all these old you know, Atlanta for

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Speaker 1: those of you who don't know, as a city built

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Speaker 1: in the middle of a forest. So there are these

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Speaker 1: old oak and pine trees that apparently have shallow roots

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Speaker 1: from past droughts and things, because the roots kind of

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Speaker 1: come towards the surface. Just not good. Yeah, And I

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Speaker 1: was kind of wondering, you know, us like we like

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Speaker 1: to just sort of study things in general, and I

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Speaker 1: was looking at these trees swaying, and I was wondering

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Speaker 1: about the physics of an uprooted tree. And then it's

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Speaker 1: probably like you know, and the roots give and every

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Speaker 1: time it swings, it probably just gets a little more unstable.

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Speaker 1: And then the big gust and then so we had

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Speaker 1: before like five huge trees down within a thousand feet

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Speaker 1: of our house. So we were just sort of waiting.

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Speaker 1: I was just literally like, all right, which one is

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Speaker 1: coming to hit us? And there was one huge gust

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Speaker 1: that came through at one point where it was so

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Speaker 1: scary sounding that we grabbed the animals and our daughter

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Speaker 1: and like ran into the hallway and Emily stayed there

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Speaker 1: with her and the animals. You know, I could not.

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Speaker 1: I was pacing from window to window the entire time.

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Speaker 1: What's going on? It was like, if I can see

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Speaker 1: it coming down, I might give us a half a

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Speaker 1: second to get out of the way. But I did

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Speaker 1: see one come down behind my house in real time,

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Speaker 1: which was scary. I'll bet that must have been kind

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Speaker 1: of amazing to see though, too. Yeah, and the sound

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Speaker 1: like obviously we we got nothing like uh Florida, so

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Speaker 1: I'm not trying to compare, but um, it was a

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Speaker 1: little scary. And we didn't have power for three days,

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Speaker 1: which is not fun. So I've never seen a tree

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Speaker 1: fall down in real time, so subtle a bet? Okay,

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Speaker 1: does it make a Wilhelm scream? He started to follow

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Speaker 1: the wine. We can get Jerry to dovin Wheah the

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Speaker 1: wrong one. Uh So anyway, it was I mean, it

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Speaker 1: was fun at first not being not having power, uh

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Speaker 1: And then also wanted to announce because people care so

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Speaker 1: much about our pets because they're part of the show.

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Speaker 1: On Monday or Tuesday, it was Tuesday, we took the

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Speaker 1: Wizard in because he had been like hiding and whenever

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Speaker 1: animals start doing weird things like that. You know, it's

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Speaker 1: not good. Uh, and you know, like the rest of

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Speaker 1: the other three over the past nine months, tumors all

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Speaker 1: over his body. So we put him down yesterday with

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Speaker 1: no power, but had one really great night the night

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Speaker 1: before with like we were forced to just be quiet

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Speaker 1: and there were candles lit because it ended up being

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Speaker 1: this like peaceful candlelight vigil because the power outage kind

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Speaker 1: of forced that upon us. Works out like that sometimes. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I was going, you know, if that happened, we might

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Speaker 1: have just been watching TV with him and you know,

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Speaker 1: still petting him and caring for him. But he's just

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Speaker 1: like game quick Game of Thrones. Well, I'm sorry, Chuckers,

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Speaker 1: did I quick Game of Thrones from everybody? I'm sorry.

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Speaker 1: I appreciate that. Man, it was Emily. I mean I

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Speaker 1: was wrecked, but Emily is destroyed. Is this cat like

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Speaker 1: was attached to her body? Fifteen years? Is that how long?

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Speaker 1: How old he was? Yeah? And you know, we got

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Speaker 1: great lives atle lurn buckleyan wizards, so they were good,

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Speaker 1: longful lives. But when you get together with a human

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Speaker 1: and you get four animals in the space of a

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Speaker 1: year or so, it's all good times and you don't

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Speaker 1: think about the end of that. Yeah you know. Oh,

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Speaker 1: well like the secession of deaths in quick order that

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Speaker 1: can happen. Yeah, yeah, I see what you mean. You know. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: now they're all here. Now they're all gone. Yeah, like

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Speaker 1: I thought maybe like we'd lose one a year or

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Speaker 1: every couple of years, but it's like, no, November, February, September. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's that is quick secession. It's not fun. Yeah. So anyway,

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Speaker 1: I just want to get that out of the way.

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Speaker 1: Hang in there, man, and hats off to you for

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Speaker 1: coming in. Yeah, than just being like nope, well we don't.

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Speaker 1: We don't pad the queue like we used to know,

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Speaker 1: which is good. It keeps it fresh, but there's also

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Speaker 1: less room to just be like nope, yeah, we can

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Speaker 1: bring breaking news one crayons, right exactly. I was gonna

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Speaker 1: say during IRMA, did you guys with your power out

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Speaker 1: scribble anything with crayons? Uh? Yeah, yeah, yeah, I mean

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Speaker 1: eventually we sent, uh sent my daughter over to my

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Speaker 1: grandparents just as parents her grandparents. Yeah, and it's just

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Speaker 1: she was getting a little kg, and quite honestly, I

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Speaker 1: think we were getting a little kg. But at first. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it was that was greyon play yeah, play the big

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Speaker 1: fat kind. Yeah, she has the big big daddies right now,

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Speaker 1: because I mean she's got a little hand, so that's

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Speaker 1: what she uses. That's the only kind she con grita

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Speaker 1: better to scribble with. Right, her fine motor neurons are

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Speaker 1: not quite refined enough to hold the normal traditional size crons. Well,

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Speaker 1: I mean she would hold it, but she would hold

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Speaker 1: it like she holds a long sword. Right, Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I know, I know what you mean, the deathly purpose right.

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Speaker 1: So um, it turns out, Chuck, I don't know how

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Speaker 1: much of this, you know, having a young one with crayons.

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Speaker 1: I don't know if like you read the back of

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Speaker 1: the box and they're like, okay, that's the history of crayons. Huh,

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Speaker 1: how was it on the back of the box. Maybe

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Speaker 1: I don't even know. I haven't seen a cran in years.

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Speaker 1: But I have a question for you. Is it normal

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Speaker 1: to weep quietly while you're research and crayons? Didn't you

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Speaker 1: have a nostalgia vers Yes? Yeah, I mean just like

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Speaker 1: the idea of that that box with like the logo

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Speaker 1: and the smell of them. We're talking about Crayola crayons.

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Speaker 1: I might as well just go ahead and get that

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Speaker 1: out of the way. And it's really funny because this

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Speaker 1: this how stuff works article went to great links to

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Speaker 1: just be about how crayons work. A nice effort. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: but they you know still, I mean, it's Crayola that

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Speaker 1: you're talking about in the United States when you're talking

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Speaker 1: about crayons for the most part. Yeah, and so much

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Speaker 1: so that, Um, the author didn't even really talk about

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Speaker 1: Crayola as a company much, right, And I thought that

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Speaker 1: was wrong. I thought so too, So we're going to

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Speaker 1: correct that in the podcast. Um. But I've found out

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Speaker 1: from this research that there is hydros Oreo situation going

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Speaker 1: on in the cran world. Prang, which is at best

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Speaker 1: and also ran in the Kran competition. It was actually

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Speaker 1: around before Crayola or making Crans. Remember Praying I think

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Speaker 1: they're still around Praying Ones. No, No, I think they

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Speaker 1: were just an off brand, but they were. It's like

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Speaker 1: Hi Drocks. Everybody thinks Hi Drocks is a knockoff. No Oreos,

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Speaker 1: the knockoff but better, but the superior cook exactly same

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Speaker 1: with Crayola, crayons and pranks, Like, what did we do

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Speaker 1: why did you pick us? I'm sorry praying this is

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Speaker 1: just the reality of the situation that I'm pointing out here. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think so. Um. I learned a lot about this,

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Speaker 1: but more than anything, I was just taken back to

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Speaker 1: my childhood because childhood in Crayola go hand in hand. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: Plato Crayola crayons, and we need to want Elmer's glue

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Speaker 1: at some point. Sure, just knock off the Big three

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Speaker 1: or paste. I had the purple kind with a pirate

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Speaker 1: on it. Do you remember that one? It was highly edible, toxic.

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Speaker 1: It made you know it wasn't toxic, I mean as

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Speaker 1: far as I know, but the it made you want

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Speaker 1: to eat it, Like you wake up and be like,

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Speaker 1: I think I'm gonna eat a little that paste today

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Speaker 1: at school? Yeah? Why not? It's funny you mentioned nostalgia though,

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Speaker 1: because I did, you probably did too. Went to the

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Speaker 1: Crayola Effects and Figures page uh, And there was a

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Speaker 1: Yale study that found Yale University that is um. They

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Speaker 1: found that the smell of the crayon, the Crayola crayon Yes, specifically,

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Speaker 1: is ranked number eighteen on the most recognizable sense for adults,

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Speaker 1: just ahead of coffee. And peanut butter. Yeah, Like that's

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Speaker 1: how And I would bet your play outs up there too.

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Speaker 1: Isn't it crazy though that somebody's like, oh I I

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Speaker 1: would have never guessed that was coffee, but they got

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Speaker 1: they got yeah, weirdos, Yeah, peanut butter, what is that?

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Speaker 1: It was like weird concoction? Yeah? Is that a turd?

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Speaker 1: That word is just borderline acceptable to me. I think

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Speaker 1: it's one of the great gross words because the way

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Speaker 1: it's spelled, more than anything, the way you spit out

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Speaker 1: the words t U r D is just looks gross,

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Speaker 1: but you almost you make the sound that that you

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Speaker 1: make when you're when you encounter the smell of poop

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Speaker 1: in a bathroom or something like third right, I think

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Speaker 1: that's one of the reasons why I don't like it.

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Speaker 1: It's just too visceral. Oh man, all right, so let's

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Speaker 1: get into this. Okay, So crayons have not been around

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Speaker 1: very long, Chuck. The crayon as we know it as

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Speaker 1: in the little round childhood writing implement has only been

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Speaker 1: around since the latter half of the nineteenth century. But

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Speaker 1: this article goes through great pains to talk about a

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Speaker 1: bunch of things that are not crayons. But waxy forms

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Speaker 1: of art, so we might as well talk about a

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Speaker 1: little bit of that. Like, did you find out how

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Speaker 1: to pronounce this bot or batique? Well? I said bautique

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Speaker 1: because I did this. Believe it or not. Oh, you've

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Speaker 1: done batique before? Nice? It was weirdly, well, not weirdly,

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Speaker 1: I guess my My elementary school, of which my father

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Speaker 1: was principal, as we know, had a a lot of

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Speaker 1: interesting programs. I can't remember the name of the class,

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Speaker 1: but it was like it was sort of like an elective,

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Speaker 1: but for elementary school. It was the eighties, so it

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Speaker 1: was probably called that, but it was just different kind

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Speaker 1: of you know. We did photography and all sorts of

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Speaker 1: cool stuff that usually don't get to do in great school.

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Speaker 1: But we did a bautique course and my dad got

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Speaker 1: really into it for a while, So we were boutiquing

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Speaker 1: in our family for a short time. Was this like

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Speaker 1: right before he got into bedazzlingk uh, he never got

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Speaker 1: into that. He was into photography and batiquing. So we

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Speaker 1: would batique like the only thing that I remember was doing.

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Speaker 1: You're gonna think this is good. We did herschel Walker

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Speaker 1: Georgia Bulldog bautique canvases nice that we framed. Yeah, so

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Speaker 1: let me figure this out. Unpacked that one there was

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Speaker 1: like a h an image of herschel Walker on a canvas. Yeah, Walker,

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Speaker 1: it would look nothing like herschel Walker. So how did

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Speaker 1: you How was it a herschel Walker camp? I think,

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Speaker 1: if I remember correctly, like we would get an artist

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Speaker 1: to do it, and then we would batite on like

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Speaker 1: a cloth canvas and then we would batique that so

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Speaker 1: you would take wax and trace it over it or

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Speaker 1: something like that. Yeah, I don't think it may not

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Speaker 1: have been true in the batique style. For we're dancing

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Speaker 1: around this a lot and people are like, what the

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Speaker 1: heck is batique? It is a is a method of

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Speaker 1: dying cloth where you create these patterns. You spread this

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Speaker 1: hot wax over a cloth and then and then he

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Speaker 1: died and then the the pigment doesn't get where the

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Speaker 1: dot where the waxes, and then later you remove the wax. Right,

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Speaker 1: But I don't we may have done just some weird,

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Speaker 1: uh Southern version of that, because I remember like waxing

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Speaker 1: already inked things and then you would crumple them up

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Speaker 1: and wrinkle them and then it would give this cool

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Speaker 1: like you know, like when you would wrinkle waxy fabric,

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Speaker 1: that might look like shabby chiking. Maybe I don't know, man,

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Speaker 1: So batique strikes me as kind of like tyde. It

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Speaker 1: was well, I mean, the end effect could look sort

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Speaker 1: of like tyed. It didn't have to that, but it

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Speaker 1: didn't have to. But the point was, and the whole

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Speaker 1: reason it's making an appearance here is that it's not

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Speaker 1: like wax in a pigment. Right, So, at least two thousand,

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Speaker 1: possibly even as far back as four thousand years ago,

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Speaker 1: there were people who had put together that you could

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Speaker 1: do cool things with wax and pigments. Yes, right, but

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Speaker 1: fatique has is really not cry on in any way. No,

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Speaker 1: it's not. It's a process, right, but it's the it's

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Speaker 1: the seed, the kernel of the beginning of the idea

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Speaker 1: of a crayon. Yeah. I think the antacoustic art is

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Speaker 1: much closer. Okay, well, like a caustic art is um

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Speaker 1: acoustic acoustic? Yeah, it's basically where you take a deconstructed

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Speaker 1: crayon and rub it on something that's that's acaustic art. Basically,

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Speaker 1: it's taking pigment and then some sort of waxy substance.

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Speaker 1: UM and melting it together and then just yeah, using

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Speaker 1: it to decorate. Maybe it's like a finger paint or

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Speaker 1: something like that, and then I guess the wax hardens

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Speaker 1: and you've got art. Yeah. I mean some of the

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Speaker 1: stuff looks really cool. Did you look at any any

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Speaker 1: acoustic art? Really beautiful stuff? Really so, like, what kind

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Speaker 1: of art would you make with this? Well, I mean

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Speaker 1: any kind Like if you if you just looked at

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Speaker 1: it on a picture on your phone, you would just

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Speaker 1: think it looks like a regular painting. Oh? Really? Is

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Speaker 1: there like a three dimensional quality to it though? Because

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Speaker 1: it's why maybe that's what I would guess, Like it's

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Speaker 1: one of those things where you get up close to

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Speaker 1: it and you go, oh, I see, because I'm always

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Speaker 1: doing a museums, right, I know, I've been to a museum.

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Speaker 1: Oh all those doses that it just man if a

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Speaker 1: nickel for everyone. Uh. And then of course very famous

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Speaker 1: artists like Da Vinci and Edward Munch and basically it

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Speaker 1: sounds like kind of all of them we're making their

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Speaker 1: own crayons in the truest sense of the word crayon,

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Speaker 1: which is a French for pencil from cray which means chalk.

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Speaker 1: Right c r a I E. Right, yes, and that's

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Speaker 1: from the Latin creta, which meant chalk. Right, So this

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Speaker 1: was not chalk, No, it wasn't, but chalk is kind

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Speaker 1: of similar. And in fact, the earliest manufactured cryan, the

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Speaker 1: conte crane um, basically grew out of chalk. Chalk is

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Speaker 1: pigment and chalk. Yeah, I guess that's it. Uh And

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Speaker 1: um artists would use chalks like you can use still today.

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Speaker 1: Some some people create art using chalks, right, um, right,

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Speaker 1: past cells, That's what I was looking for. So you've

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Speaker 1: got past cells. It's not a really difficult hop skip

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Speaker 1: and jump to say, well, how about instead of chalk

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Speaker 1: we use wax and see what happens. And that's where

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Speaker 1: the content cran came from. But the problem is is

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Speaker 1: UM I believe it was made from beeswax, as most

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Speaker 1: crans were up to the early nineteenth century. UM, and

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Speaker 1: you I think had to warm it before you used it.

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Speaker 1: So you probably had to take a flame to it

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Speaker 1: for a little while, melted a little bit, at least

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Speaker 1: get it a little malleable before you could use it.

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Speaker 1: And the earliest content crans were black, brown, and red.

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Speaker 1: Get a load of the beauty of those three together.

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Speaker 1: If you looked up is it contra Conte? I'm saying Conte,

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Speaker 1: I'm splitting the difference between the two. By the way,

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Speaker 1: have you seen the response from the psychopathy who says

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Speaker 1: it like that? Nut jobs say it like that. Apparently

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Speaker 1: that's your psychopathy? Is just wrong, wrong, wrong? Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: apparently a real pet peeve with some people. You really

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Speaker 1: need to calm down. And it's psychopathy. I don't say

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Speaker 1: it like that. I never will. Yeah, psychopathy, psychopaths. It's

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Speaker 1: like that guy's a real psychopath. People would just edge

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Speaker 1: away from you. Uh, psychopathy. Wait and spoiler alert, where

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna read an email from a legit psychopath. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: we got a few emails from psychopaths. Sorry, Kapas. But

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Speaker 1: if you look up the Conte crayon and a photo

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Speaker 1: of it, you would see that and go, oh, I've

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Speaker 1: seen those in art stores. Uh. As soon as I

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Speaker 1: saw it, I was like, oh, I know what those are.

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Speaker 1: It's it's kind of like for adults, adult artists who

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Speaker 1: want to do crayon art. But that's where crayons came from. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I was legit art, right, And like you said, a

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Speaker 1: lot of the earlier artists, pre pre mid nineteenth century

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Speaker 1: artists made their own and then the first manufacturers of

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Speaker 1: crans were making them for artists. Correct, So we'll we'll

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Speaker 1: we'll get back into the history of crans after we

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Speaker 1: take a break. How about that. Let's do it, okay, Okay.

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Speaker 1: So when we left off, the manufacturer of krans was

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Speaker 1: about to begin and it was all for artists. I'm

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Speaker 1: in the corner batiquing herschel Walker. I don't even know

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Speaker 1: what you were doing. Well, I don't think it was batiquing,

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Speaker 1: though it was definitely batiquing. I bet you my dad

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Speaker 1: still have some of this stuff in this basement. Well,

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Speaker 1: can you bring one to work for Show and Tell?

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Speaker 1: Maybe I will. Okay, I'm gonna hold you to that.

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna bring it up every episode. Uh So, where

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Speaker 1: do we leave off? The modern crayon is in its infancy.

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Speaker 1: So the kant cran the content cran um is invented

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Speaker 1: and I think that was the late eighteenth century and

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Speaker 1: then by the eighteen twenties. So apparently it's lost to

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Speaker 1: history who actually created the first cryan that we would

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Speaker 1: recognize as a krean today. Yeah, which surprises me. But

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Speaker 1: this article points out um a manufacturer named Joseph Lemercier

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Speaker 1: who by the eighteen twenties was producing wax crans. Right again,

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Speaker 1: though these things are um, bees wax is not easy

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Speaker 1: to work with. It was way easier to go to

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Speaker 1: the store and buy them, but once you bought them,

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Speaker 1: it was still kind of a pain to use. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and there was I thought this was funny too. There

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Speaker 1: was another company in Germany about fifteen years later, J S. Statla,

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Speaker 1: that had the same crayons, but they were all encased

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Speaker 1: in wood, which just seemed like a very German thing

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Speaker 1: to do, right, you know. I don't know why, but

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Speaker 1: I don't know. It just struck me as very German. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I can see that, you know, they don't they wanted

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Speaker 1: to be clean and they don't want to get their

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Speaker 1: hands dirty or anything. Uh So, like you said, beeswax

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Speaker 1: no good. Um, I was doing the job, I guess.

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Speaker 1: But this is before kids were using this stuff at all.

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Speaker 1: I think. Yeah, again, they're making them for artists, but

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Speaker 1: even artists are like this is this is not easy

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Speaker 1: to use. If there's one thing that can be traced

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Speaker 1: back to the Industrial Revolution, that depends on the Industrial Revolution.

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Speaker 1: It is the cran tons of other stuff forward, economic progress,

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Speaker 1: all that wealth capital, all of that depended on the

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Speaker 1: Industrial Revolution. But so too did the krayon like to

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Speaker 1: a surprising degree. And it starts with um coal mining, right. What. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: in Eastern Europe they were mining coal and they found

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Speaker 1: from the coal mining in um, the process of mining coal,

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Speaker 1: there was a byproduct called saracen. I'm a big fan

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Speaker 1: of byproduct. Use pretty neat, you know. Yeah, sarason was

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Speaker 1: softer than bees wax, which was a big, big plus

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Speaker 1: cheaper than bees wax, which is always good if you're

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Speaker 1: in the money making business. And so there was a

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Speaker 1: check company Offenheim and Ziffa who started making crayons out

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Speaker 1: of that stuff. And as our article puts it, it

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Speaker 1: was soon praised for its durability of the marks that

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Speaker 1: it made. Right. So it was the good stuff, right.

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Speaker 1: It was easy to use and it left a good

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Speaker 1: mark behind, which are two things you want in a krayon,

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Speaker 1: especially if you're an artist, right, You don't want disappearing ink.

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Speaker 1: So somebody said, oh, what else can we get from coal?

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Speaker 1: In a few years down the line, h right around

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Speaker 1: the Civil War. A little after the Civil War a

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Speaker 1: guy named Charles A. Bowley Boli, let's say Bowli. He

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Speaker 1: was a manufacturer from Massachusetts who started using something called paraffin.

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Speaker 1: Everybody's heart of paraffin wax, right. Have you ever seen

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Speaker 1: a package of paraffin wax that you get at the

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Speaker 1: at the grocery store? Um? Sure I have. Have you

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Speaker 1: ever noticed that most of the paraffin wax is Golf brand,

375
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Speaker 1: the same Gulf that owns the Gulf seventies six gas stations?

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Speaker 1: Have not because it's a byproduct, Yes, And I never

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Speaker 1: knew that until today. I'm like, why would Gulf be

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Speaker 1: into gas stations and wax that you buy at the

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Speaker 1: grocery store. It never made any sense to me. Now

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Speaker 1: I understand because it's a it's a byproduct of fossil

381
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Speaker 1: fuel mining. Yeah. Like why does Yamaha make keyboards and motorcycles?

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00:22:58,640 --> 00:23:00,800
Speaker 1: That's a great question. I don't know that there's an

383
00:23:00,800 --> 00:23:05,320
Speaker 1: answer to that one, like diversification. Maybe that's I would

384
00:23:05,359 --> 00:23:07,240
Speaker 1: like to be in on that meeting. Like, you know,

385
00:23:07,240 --> 00:23:12,359
Speaker 1: we're really good at motorcycles. So I'm thinking keyboards, thinking

386
00:23:12,440 --> 00:23:16,600
Speaker 1: key tars. Uh? Yeah, So I need to look at

387
00:23:16,600 --> 00:23:18,760
Speaker 1: parafitt in the store. Where is it usually like in

388
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Speaker 1: the baked goods or yeah, like wherever you'll find like

389
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Speaker 1: Mason jars that kind of thing. Oh so like an

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Speaker 1: old country store. No, they have it at the grocery store.

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Speaker 1: You just always walk past it unless you're looking for it, gotcha. Yeah,

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00:23:32,119 --> 00:23:34,960
Speaker 1: all right, we'll check it out. And it's golf usually. Yeah,

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00:23:35,240 --> 00:23:38,000
Speaker 1: that's been my experience. It's always golf. I better walk

394
00:23:38,040 --> 00:23:40,840
Speaker 1: past it a million times. But all right, we I'm

395
00:23:40,840 --> 00:23:42,959
Speaker 1: gonna keep a lookout next time of them in the

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00:23:42,960 --> 00:23:48,919
Speaker 1: the grocery store. No, the the bell Jar aisle. I

397
00:23:48,960 --> 00:23:51,800
Speaker 1: think that's probably the baking good aisle. Okay, yeah, bell

398
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Speaker 1: Jar is that right? Huh. I'm getting on my I'm

399
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Speaker 1: just I'm not on my game today, so I appreciate it,

400
00:23:57,400 --> 00:24:01,560
Speaker 1: all right, man. Uh So that was also derived from

401
00:24:01,640 --> 00:24:06,360
Speaker 1: Cole But I guess now petroleum is that I don't know.

402
00:24:06,840 --> 00:24:09,120
Speaker 1: I just as far as I know, it's a fossil

403
00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:14,760
Speaker 1: fuel byproduct, gotcha. If you don't want to get into

404
00:24:14,760 --> 00:24:18,960
Speaker 1: the ins and outs of the Gulf Corporation. Uh So

405
00:24:19,160 --> 00:24:24,240
Speaker 1: that was that was when Bolli struck gold and everyone. Yeah,

406
00:24:24,280 --> 00:24:28,320
Speaker 1: everyone was like this is the stuff. This is even

407
00:24:28,359 --> 00:24:32,240
Speaker 1: better than saracen um. And he said, all right, I

408
00:24:32,760 --> 00:24:36,600
Speaker 1: take these and make them into pencils. Right. He was

409
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Speaker 1: the first one to make round crayons that we we

410
00:24:40,320 --> 00:24:43,920
Speaker 1: would recognize now as crayon. He was, he was the guy.

411
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Speaker 1: And this is around the Civil War in the United States. Yeah,

412
00:24:47,760 --> 00:24:53,000
Speaker 1: so coupled this with uh, post Civil war industrialization like

413
00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:58,560
Speaker 1: you were talking about, and then couple this with ah,

414
00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:01,960
Speaker 1: this thing that was happening in the country, which is, well, hey,

415
00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:04,560
Speaker 1: maybe we should start instead of sending kids out in

416
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Speaker 1: the fields when they're six, maybe we should start educating

417
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Speaker 1: them a little earlier in life. And kindergarten was born

418
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Speaker 1: again though from industrialization because not only out the fields

419
00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:21,439
Speaker 1: as much. I guess they didn't um and they like

420
00:25:21,680 --> 00:25:24,320
Speaker 1: they needed to be prepared for a life outside of

421
00:25:24,320 --> 00:25:29,280
Speaker 1: the fields, which school would prepare them for pre factory work. Right.

422
00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:33,280
Speaker 1: I actually saw a really interesting article once that basically said,

423
00:25:33,320 --> 00:25:37,360
Speaker 1: like schooling is at the very least initially was meant

424
00:25:37,440 --> 00:25:43,639
Speaker 1: to prepare you for long periods of monotonous work, basically

425
00:25:43,720 --> 00:25:46,119
Speaker 1: busy work, that you were being prepared for life in

426
00:25:46,119 --> 00:25:50,679
Speaker 1: the factory by being in inculcated, having the inculcated in

427
00:25:50,760 --> 00:25:54,480
Speaker 1: you like that, that level of patients and every day

428
00:25:54,520 --> 00:25:56,600
Speaker 1: and going to a place right and then just like

429
00:25:56,680 --> 00:25:59,200
Speaker 1: doing the same thing. Yeah, it's kind of a droney

430
00:25:59,440 --> 00:26:02,080
Speaker 1: kind of saying that schooling was preparing you for a

431
00:26:02,119 --> 00:26:05,240
Speaker 1: factory working interesting, But they made school too fun. They

432
00:26:05,280 --> 00:26:07,680
Speaker 1: did eventually, because I was one of those kids who

433
00:26:08,040 --> 00:26:09,560
Speaker 1: kind of like school for the most of all. If

434
00:26:09,600 --> 00:26:13,240
Speaker 1: your dad was leading boutique classes exactly, I can see

435
00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:16,600
Speaker 1: how you would. Dude, we were repelling off of mountains

436
00:26:16,600 --> 00:26:20,520
Speaker 1: in my elementary school. Yeah, that's not how they initially

437
00:26:20,600 --> 00:26:26,320
Speaker 1: viewed it. They No, you probably don't do that today either. No. Now,

438
00:26:26,359 --> 00:26:28,480
Speaker 1: I think you hit it at just the point where

439
00:26:28,840 --> 00:26:33,240
Speaker 1: school had gotten more fun than originally planned, but much

440
00:26:33,320 --> 00:26:38,160
Speaker 1: more dangerous than is allowed today. Oh yeah, all those

441
00:26:38,280 --> 00:26:42,159
Speaker 1: like that, that parental slip or the permission slip, I

442
00:26:42,160 --> 00:26:45,200
Speaker 1: don't think that holds water legally anymore. Probably. I think

443
00:26:45,240 --> 00:26:47,480
Speaker 1: that's one step of like fifteen to be able to

444
00:26:47,520 --> 00:26:49,520
Speaker 1: go on the field. Yeah, it was, and it was

445
00:26:49,600 --> 00:26:54,040
Speaker 1: like like literally, your child will be going down a

446
00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:58,800
Speaker 1: mountain via rope, as taught by your principle, And it

447
00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:01,640
Speaker 1: was on a piece of paper. It was like cut

448
00:27:01,680 --> 00:27:05,200
Speaker 1: into third, wasn't even an eight by ten piece of

449
00:27:05,240 --> 00:27:07,800
Speaker 1: paper right in half by eleven And there's an asterisk

450
00:27:07,880 --> 00:27:11,320
Speaker 1: that said principle does not know what he's doing. But

451
00:27:11,359 --> 00:27:14,360
Speaker 1: what I was saying ultimately was that. So that was industrialization.

452
00:27:14,400 --> 00:27:19,600
Speaker 1: So coal mining industrialization led to the paraffin wax right. Um,

453
00:27:19,680 --> 00:27:24,080
Speaker 1: industrialization getting kids prepared for factory work led to school,

454
00:27:24,800 --> 00:27:28,440
Speaker 1: and in school they wanted crayons, so that led to

455
00:27:28,520 --> 00:27:32,320
Speaker 1: the creation of crans, and then industrialization itself. Mass producing

456
00:27:32,400 --> 00:27:38,120
Speaker 1: crayons led to the rise of crayons, and specifically Crayola crayons. Yeah.

457
00:27:38,200 --> 00:27:40,600
Speaker 1: And why did they love him in school? Um? Because

458
00:27:40,760 --> 00:27:43,520
Speaker 1: they didn't make a big mess. Um. It's not like

459
00:27:43,640 --> 00:27:46,080
Speaker 1: paint that you know. If you ever been a kids

460
00:27:46,119 --> 00:27:48,240
Speaker 1: class of paint, you know what happens there. Man. Remember

461
00:27:48,280 --> 00:27:54,359
Speaker 1: wearing like your dad's shirt backwards is like a smock. Yeah. Um,

462
00:27:54,600 --> 00:27:58,159
Speaker 1: it's just no must, no fuss. It's a very um,

463
00:27:58,440 --> 00:28:01,159
Speaker 1: very tight, handy, little clean product for a kid it

464
00:28:01,320 --> 00:28:05,680
Speaker 1: is to use. Um. The problem was, like you said,

465
00:28:05,960 --> 00:28:09,240
Speaker 1: a lot of these things were toxic at the time.

466
00:28:09,720 --> 00:28:14,480
Speaker 1: So there was a company called Binny and Smith and

467
00:28:14,600 --> 00:28:16,800
Speaker 1: Binny and Smith. You would love them, chuck, if you

468
00:28:16,960 --> 00:28:22,920
Speaker 1: like reusing stuff. They were cousins, right, I believe were they? Um,

469
00:28:23,080 --> 00:28:26,280
Speaker 1: But they were big time into like finding by products

470
00:28:26,280 --> 00:28:29,040
Speaker 1: of stuff and finding new uses for it. Right, Benny,

471
00:28:29,080 --> 00:28:31,080
Speaker 1: what are you gonna do with that? You're gonna You're

472
00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:35,640
Speaker 1: gonna eat that sandwich. You're gonna eat the rest of that. Um.

473
00:28:35,680 --> 00:28:39,600
Speaker 1: So they had a patent on an iron oxide red

474
00:28:39,680 --> 00:28:42,560
Speaker 1: that most farmers used in their barns. That's how they

475
00:28:42,600 --> 00:28:45,360
Speaker 1: really started to make their money. They came up with

476
00:28:45,360 --> 00:28:48,560
Speaker 1: a true black, a carbon black that was used again

477
00:28:48,600 --> 00:28:52,760
Speaker 1: as a byproduct of some something or other. UM. But

478
00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:57,520
Speaker 1: they already had crans in use. They used them to

479
00:28:57,600 --> 00:29:01,880
Speaker 1: mark their own shipments in their factories, in their warehouses. Yeah.

480
00:29:01,920 --> 00:29:06,360
Speaker 1: But Mr Binny's wife, Alice was a teacher, and she said, hey,

481
00:29:06,520 --> 00:29:10,440
Speaker 1: you guys should start manufacturing these. Um. They're already in

482
00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:14,000
Speaker 1: the pigment business, so it made sense. So they took

483
00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:18,640
Speaker 1: the paraffin wax that Boldy had come up with for using,

484
00:29:19,120 --> 00:29:22,000
Speaker 1: they took their pigments that they already had UM and

485
00:29:22,040 --> 00:29:23,800
Speaker 1: then they said, we need to figure out how to

486
00:29:23,800 --> 00:29:25,920
Speaker 1: make this non toxic. Tinkered around with that a little

487
00:29:25,960 --> 00:29:28,480
Speaker 1: bit and the Crayola crane was born I think in

488
00:29:28,520 --> 00:29:32,600
Speaker 1: the eighteen eighties. Yeah, and they believe are still mostly

489
00:29:32,640 --> 00:29:36,320
Speaker 1: made in the US. Uh and I think are still

490
00:29:36,320 --> 00:29:37,440
Speaker 1: But even they were, they were bought out in the

491
00:29:37,440 --> 00:29:41,600
Speaker 1: mid eighties by Hallmark um during you know, the big

492
00:29:41,640 --> 00:29:44,640
Speaker 1: Hallmark takeover of the mid eighties when they just started

493
00:29:44,640 --> 00:29:50,280
Speaker 1: buying everything. Sure, you're like, DuPont, we own you now, ABC. Uh.

494
00:29:50,440 --> 00:29:53,920
Speaker 1: Forks Township, Pennsylvania, if I'm not mistaken, is where Creole

495
00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:56,720
Speaker 1: was still is after all these years there I saw

496
00:29:56,760 --> 00:30:00,719
Speaker 1: Easton Maybe that's where they started out. I think it's

497
00:30:00,760 --> 00:30:03,400
Speaker 1: Forks Township, now, Okay, well we will hear from the

498
00:30:03,400 --> 00:30:06,400
Speaker 1: good people of Pennsylvania, you will, I'm sure. But they

499
00:30:06,440 --> 00:30:11,400
Speaker 1: eventually Benny and Smith Company became Crayola, right, Yeah, they

500
00:30:11,400 --> 00:30:14,239
Speaker 1: finally just said enough of the screwing around. It's not

501
00:30:14,600 --> 00:30:18,520
Speaker 1: Benny and Smith presents Crayola. Crayole is the whole thing, yeah,

502
00:30:18,560 --> 00:30:22,560
Speaker 1: which obviously came from the word crayon and then only

503
00:30:22,680 --> 00:30:27,600
Speaker 1: agenic only agenic really, yeah, what does that mean? Really?

504
00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:33,240
Speaker 1: You know? And it was Mrs Binney that came up

505
00:30:33,240 --> 00:30:35,800
Speaker 1: with the name too, But the fact that she was

506
00:30:35,840 --> 00:30:41,200
Speaker 1: a teacher helped a lot because Binny at least was

507
00:30:41,320 --> 00:30:45,000
Speaker 1: predisposed to listening to teachers, and at the time, teachers

508
00:30:45,040 --> 00:30:48,720
Speaker 1: were starting to get um a little more cloud their

509
00:30:48,800 --> 00:30:53,080
Speaker 1: role in society was developing and strengthening, and that by

510
00:30:53,120 --> 00:30:56,560
Speaker 1: the nineteen twenties, every state in the Union had a

511
00:30:56,600 --> 00:30:59,320
Speaker 1: requirement that a kid between the ages of eight and

512
00:30:59,360 --> 00:31:02,880
Speaker 1: fourteen had to go to school. Um, so there was

513
00:31:02,920 --> 00:31:09,360
Speaker 1: like a ready made um uh relationship. No, what's no

514
00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:14,960
Speaker 1: demand in schooling? And apparently one of the first customers

515
00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:18,520
Speaker 1: of Crayola was the U. S Government, who bought them

516
00:31:18,560 --> 00:31:22,760
Speaker 1: for the Native American schools that they forced kids into.

517
00:31:23,880 --> 00:31:25,520
Speaker 1: Is that, Hey, we took you from your family and

518
00:31:25,520 --> 00:31:27,760
Speaker 1: we're just drawing your culture while you're here. But have

519
00:31:27,880 --> 00:31:34,080
Speaker 1: you seen these are awesome? Huh? Shall we take another break? Yes?

520
00:31:34,280 --> 00:31:36,080
Speaker 1: All right, well let's do so when we'll come back

521
00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:38,800
Speaker 1: and talk a little bit how Crayola crayons are made

522
00:31:38,920 --> 00:31:41,840
Speaker 1: and believe it or not, a little bit about controversy

523
00:31:42,000 --> 00:32:14,400
Speaker 1: with crayons. Okay, so industrialization gives us Crayola. Crayola takes

524
00:32:14,480 --> 00:32:17,840
Speaker 1: the stick and runs with it, right, And who was

525
00:32:17,880 --> 00:32:21,800
Speaker 1: the other company praying pranks? Just doesn't exactly roll off

526
00:32:21,800 --> 00:32:25,000
Speaker 1: the tongue, doesn't it a corner? Like? Did you ever

527
00:32:25,040 --> 00:32:28,400
Speaker 1: noticed you ever see a box of crayons that weren't Crayola,

528
00:32:28,720 --> 00:32:31,400
Speaker 1: Like there's something wrong with them, you know what I mean?

529
00:32:31,400 --> 00:32:34,680
Speaker 1: It doesn't look right. It's definitely one of those brands

530
00:32:34,760 --> 00:32:39,560
Speaker 1: that was so iconic and synonymous with its own product that, ah,

531
00:32:39,920 --> 00:32:43,040
Speaker 1: you felt like, you know, you felt bad for the

532
00:32:43,120 --> 00:32:46,080
Speaker 1: kids who didn't have the Crayola crayon. Yeah, I hope

533
00:32:46,120 --> 00:32:49,160
Speaker 1: I'm not coming off as elitist. Sure, I had a

534
00:32:49,280 --> 00:32:53,400
Speaker 1: fancy six dollar Bucks, I had knockoff crans myself, but

535
00:32:53,560 --> 00:32:56,160
Speaker 1: I was also quite familiar with Crayola, and I always

536
00:32:56,280 --> 00:32:59,760
Speaker 1: just love the Creola ones. The knockoff crants never evoked

537
00:32:59,760 --> 00:33:03,320
Speaker 1: any emotional response to me. Somehow, Crayola did. I'm looking

538
00:33:03,320 --> 00:33:05,880
Speaker 1: at a praying now and I definitely have never even

539
00:33:05,880 --> 00:33:09,440
Speaker 1: seen these. Um, maybe maybe I was the only kid

540
00:33:09,440 --> 00:33:11,480
Speaker 1: with the praying crayon. Well, and I know the good

541
00:33:11,480 --> 00:33:14,960
Speaker 1: people at praying right now, we're screaming, we're not knockoffs.

542
00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:18,040
Speaker 1: We pointed that out earlier. Yeah, we already said that earlier.

543
00:33:18,080 --> 00:33:23,080
Speaker 1: You should listen to the whole episode. Um, remember the

544
00:33:23,080 --> 00:33:26,240
Speaker 1: the giant box that had the sharpener in the back.

545
00:33:26,640 --> 00:33:28,720
Speaker 1: So let me give you a little bit about that.

546
00:33:29,360 --> 00:33:30,640
Speaker 1: Are you just bringing it up or what are you

547
00:33:30,640 --> 00:33:32,480
Speaker 1: gonna saying? Oh no, I was just it just sort

548
00:33:32,520 --> 00:33:34,520
Speaker 1: of occurred to me that how many crayons were This

549
00:33:34,800 --> 00:33:40,160
Speaker 1: started off with sixty introduced in nine. It was the

550
00:33:40,240 --> 00:33:42,920
Speaker 1: first box, I believe with the flip top box what

551
00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:47,200
Speaker 1: they call the stadium seating and the built in sharpener, yeah,

552
00:33:47,240 --> 00:33:52,240
Speaker 1: in the back. And it debuted on Captain Kangaroo on

553
00:33:52,320 --> 00:33:57,360
Speaker 1: his showy as a commercial. I'm sure he blurred the

554
00:33:57,360 --> 00:34:02,520
Speaker 1: lines there anything you're gonna love this? Yeah, and he

555
00:34:02,560 --> 00:34:05,120
Speaker 1: had blods of cash coming out of his pocket, out

556
00:34:05,120 --> 00:34:07,720
Speaker 1: of his green jeans exactly. Oh no, it was a

557
00:34:07,760 --> 00:34:10,520
Speaker 1: different dude, that was Mr Green jan Yeah. I think

558
00:34:10,520 --> 00:34:12,880
Speaker 1: he wore his pants once in a while just to

559
00:34:12,920 --> 00:34:16,200
Speaker 1: show him whose boss. Uh. Yeah. I used to love

560
00:34:16,200 --> 00:34:19,320
Speaker 1: those because one of my big peeves still as an adult,

561
00:34:19,960 --> 00:34:24,080
Speaker 1: is a dull crayon. Yeah. So that sharpener that was

562
00:34:24,120 --> 00:34:26,080
Speaker 1: I would waste a lot of wax trying to get

563
00:34:26,080 --> 00:34:29,319
Speaker 1: the thing sharp. It was a huge innovation for sure. Yeah.

564
00:34:29,520 --> 00:34:33,759
Speaker 1: And then of course the saddest crayon is the the

565
00:34:33,880 --> 00:34:38,319
Speaker 1: broken in half one that is worn down, so uh,

566
00:34:38,800 --> 00:34:40,839
Speaker 1: it's not even a round mound at this point. It's

567
00:34:40,840 --> 00:34:43,760
Speaker 1: worn down to the paper and you gotta start peeling

568
00:34:43,800 --> 00:34:46,719
Speaker 1: the paper away and then I don't know. I was

569
00:34:46,880 --> 00:34:48,760
Speaker 1: always just like I don't want to play with this anymore.

570
00:34:48,960 --> 00:34:51,600
Speaker 1: Or what about the communist who would like use the

571
00:34:52,160 --> 00:34:55,399
Speaker 1: use it sideways rather than at its point? They would

572
00:34:55,440 --> 00:34:57,919
Speaker 1: just rub it lengthwise so that they would flatten out

573
00:34:57,960 --> 00:35:00,719
Speaker 1: on one side. They were probably artists, I guess, trying

574
00:35:00,719 --> 00:35:05,120
Speaker 1: to you know, create shading patterns or something. Well, it

575
00:35:05,200 --> 00:35:08,520
Speaker 1: was lost on me at the time. Yeah, Yeah, I

576
00:35:08,560 --> 00:35:11,120
Speaker 1: didn't realized that I yelled at a lot of kids

577
00:35:11,280 --> 00:35:15,080
Speaker 1: unnecessarily apparently. Yeah, I used crayons from my very uh

578
00:35:15,239 --> 00:35:19,399
Speaker 1: now famous village people portrait. What else you gonna use

579
00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:22,799
Speaker 1: for that? I don't know, maybe color pencils, but that's

580
00:35:22,800 --> 00:35:25,759
Speaker 1: if you're just trying to impress somebody. Yeah, I never

581
00:35:25,800 --> 00:35:28,120
Speaker 1: got into those. They're hard to I mean, like they

582
00:35:28,200 --> 00:35:32,560
Speaker 1: just didn't show up quite as well crayons, says I'm here. Yeah,

583
00:35:32,600 --> 00:35:34,719
Speaker 1: And it would you press down hard, and when you

584
00:35:34,719 --> 00:35:36,960
Speaker 1: pull it off, the page sometimes stick a little bit,

585
00:35:37,360 --> 00:35:39,720
Speaker 1: and it would make that little sound when you pulled

586
00:35:39,719 --> 00:35:42,600
Speaker 1: it off. Forgot about that. Sound man John Hodgman is

587
00:35:42,640 --> 00:35:44,279
Speaker 1: having a very hard time if he's listening to this

588
00:35:44,680 --> 00:35:49,640
Speaker 1: nostalgia asan episodes back, not just from this episode either.

589
00:35:50,840 --> 00:35:54,640
Speaker 1: You don't think he listens anywhere? Probably not. I know

590
00:35:54,719 --> 00:35:56,799
Speaker 1: a bunch of podcasters now, and they none of them

591
00:35:56,800 --> 00:35:59,960
Speaker 1: will they stop listening once they get to know somebody.

592
00:36:00,160 --> 00:36:03,000
Speaker 1: For the most part, I don't do that. I enjoy

593
00:36:03,080 --> 00:36:07,479
Speaker 1: hearing my Friends podcast. I think that makes me an outlier, though,

594
00:36:08,719 --> 00:36:10,799
Speaker 1: because I've heard several marks like, yeah, I can't listen

595
00:36:10,800 --> 00:36:13,319
Speaker 1: anymore that now that we're friends. Well, I wonder if

596
00:36:13,360 --> 00:36:15,560
Speaker 1: it's kind of like, um, you know, if you like

597
00:36:15,719 --> 00:36:20,400
Speaker 1: somebody in real life, you very frequently can't be friends

598
00:36:20,400 --> 00:36:22,880
Speaker 1: with them on Facebook because it's just like a different,

599
00:36:23,160 --> 00:36:27,359
Speaker 1: what hate herbal side of them. I thought that's how

600
00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:32,279
Speaker 1: Facebook work in in ideal situations, But you've never had

601
00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:35,400
Speaker 1: somebody where just like I can't listen to you rant

602
00:36:35,400 --> 00:36:40,200
Speaker 1: about this for another minute friends on Facebook anymore because

603
00:36:40,239 --> 00:36:41,800
Speaker 1: I like you in real life and I want to

604
00:36:41,880 --> 00:36:43,719
Speaker 1: keep liking you in real life. But I'm gonna hate

605
00:36:43,760 --> 00:36:46,239
Speaker 1: your guts if we remain Facebook friends, or if I

606
00:36:46,320 --> 00:36:49,080
Speaker 1: keep following you on Twitter, because I can't stand you

607
00:36:49,120 --> 00:36:51,719
Speaker 1: on social media in real life. I really like it.

608
00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:53,839
Speaker 1: I know what you mean totally. It's probably the same thing.

609
00:36:53,960 --> 00:36:56,120
Speaker 1: I gotta dude like that. And it's not even like

610
00:36:56,160 --> 00:37:00,440
Speaker 1: political stuff. It's just I don't know, sort a jerky

611
00:37:00,440 --> 00:37:03,840
Speaker 1: complaining where I'm like, that's who you are, Like I

612
00:37:03,880 --> 00:37:06,160
Speaker 1: thought you were a really nice guy, right, But that's

613
00:37:06,160 --> 00:37:08,760
Speaker 1: what I'm saying. It's like it brings out the worst.

614
00:37:08,800 --> 00:37:12,360
Speaker 1: Social media brings up the worst in people. Yeah, the

615
00:37:12,400 --> 00:37:16,680
Speaker 1: worst worst. All right, So where were we? We were

616
00:37:16,719 --> 00:37:20,919
Speaker 1: talking about crayons, right, So we hadn't really started yet

617
00:37:20,960 --> 00:37:23,919
Speaker 1: talking about the colors. I feel like we should because

618
00:37:23,960 --> 00:37:27,080
Speaker 1: there's one thing, this is what Crayola did better than

619
00:37:27,120 --> 00:37:33,520
Speaker 1: anybody else. So early on they've identified a um another company,

620
00:37:33,600 --> 00:37:39,239
Speaker 1: arrival company called mons Ol. Mons Al made really high

621
00:37:39,360 --> 00:37:43,879
Speaker 1: end crayons for artists, and Kreola said, you're making better

622
00:37:43,920 --> 00:37:46,200
Speaker 1: crayons than we are. We're gonna buy you. We're gonna

623
00:37:46,200 --> 00:37:49,640
Speaker 1: buy your cran division. So they adopted the techniques and

624
00:37:49,680 --> 00:37:53,200
Speaker 1: the pigments that mons Al made but months old. Since

625
00:37:53,280 --> 00:37:57,919
Speaker 1: they were gearing themselves towards artists. Their packages would say

626
00:37:58,000 --> 00:38:06,040
Speaker 1: like five intermediate huge medium chrome medium, value artists cryans,

627
00:38:07,000 --> 00:38:11,960
Speaker 1: and so instead of having the keeping the months old words,

628
00:38:12,040 --> 00:38:18,200
Speaker 1: which would be like medium, uh medium reddish blue or

629
00:38:18,239 --> 00:38:20,960
Speaker 1: something like that, they would change the name to plump.

630
00:38:21,680 --> 00:38:26,160
Speaker 1: And then they would use other great names like periwinkle, dandelion.

631
00:38:26,600 --> 00:38:33,360
Speaker 1: Nowadays it's things like macaroni and cheese or razmataz rasberry. Okay,

632
00:38:33,400 --> 00:38:36,920
Speaker 1: but there's there's They used names that kids can get in,

633
00:38:37,040 --> 00:38:39,560
Speaker 1: true and that not only can get into, like those

634
00:38:39,600 --> 00:38:45,239
Speaker 1: words swirling around, swirling around in your in your consciousness,

635
00:38:45,560 --> 00:38:48,280
Speaker 1: shape your worldview, like the world was kind of beautiful

636
00:38:48,320 --> 00:38:51,319
Speaker 1: and there was beautiful words and things involved in it.

637
00:38:52,320 --> 00:38:54,279
Speaker 1: But yeah, that was not one of them, but but

638
00:38:54,520 --> 00:38:57,040
Speaker 1: the the and as a matter of fact, some of

639
00:38:57,080 --> 00:39:00,319
Speaker 1: their early crayons were called things like venetia and read

640
00:39:00,360 --> 00:39:03,360
Speaker 1: or cobalt blue, stuff you would find in an artist

641
00:39:03,520 --> 00:39:06,920
Speaker 1: paint box. Um. And they they they figured out very

642
00:39:06,920 --> 00:39:09,759
Speaker 1: early on that the name of the color means as

643
00:39:09,840 --> 00:39:12,560
Speaker 1: much as the color itself. Yeah, And I think the

644
00:39:12,600 --> 00:39:16,960
Speaker 1: first editions in nineteen o three they used some of

645
00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:22,319
Speaker 1: them like uh, copper and gold and when they're one

646
00:39:22,320 --> 00:39:26,279
Speaker 1: other one silver yeah, silver, of course, uh. And they

647
00:39:26,320 --> 00:39:30,680
Speaker 1: didn't use any other metallics to the nineteen eighties. Uh,

648
00:39:30,880 --> 00:39:33,160
Speaker 1: I guess, I guess said it covered there. But I

649
00:39:33,160 --> 00:39:36,320
Speaker 1: think you're right. The naming, I mean, that's also gotten

650
00:39:36,440 --> 00:39:38,120
Speaker 1: them into a little bit of trouble. We talked about

651
00:39:38,120 --> 00:39:42,640
Speaker 1: a little controversy. Um, and you know you didn't think

652
00:39:42,680 --> 00:39:44,480
Speaker 1: about this when you're a little kid in the seventies

653
00:39:44,520 --> 00:39:47,040
Speaker 1: and eighties, Well, not as a little white kid. No,

654
00:39:47,320 --> 00:39:52,359
Speaker 1: you're a more we're more uh for thinking society now.

655
00:39:52,920 --> 00:39:58,239
Speaker 1: So when say that again, we're more poor thinking society.

656
00:39:58,600 --> 00:40:02,799
Speaker 1: So when you see a crayon, um that's called flesh

657
00:40:02,880 --> 00:40:07,760
Speaker 1: and it's clearly you know, uh, white white person, peachy

658
00:40:08,600 --> 00:40:12,200
Speaker 1: sort of complexion of a crayon, that's not cool because

659
00:40:12,200 --> 00:40:15,120
Speaker 1: they are all different colors of people. And Crayola got

660
00:40:15,160 --> 00:40:16,600
Speaker 1: it right. I don't know if it was from intense

661
00:40:16,600 --> 00:40:20,759
Speaker 1: pressure or internally or what, but in the when was

662
00:40:20,800 --> 00:40:23,960
Speaker 1: that nineteen sixty two, they said, yeah, we probably shouldn't

663
00:40:23,960 --> 00:40:27,400
Speaker 1: call this color flesh. Apparently they this was teachers again,

664
00:40:27,600 --> 00:40:30,360
Speaker 1: this is listening to teachers and teachers saying like, you know,

665
00:40:30,400 --> 00:40:33,000
Speaker 1: I don't think this is okay. There's apparently a study

666
00:40:33,040 --> 00:40:37,040
Speaker 1: that found that kids typically used that to color and

667
00:40:37,800 --> 00:40:41,400
Speaker 1: drawings of people as like a default skin color. So

668
00:40:41,520 --> 00:40:46,480
Speaker 1: Crayola very wisely, I think, and and magnanimously said sorry

669
00:40:46,480 --> 00:40:48,319
Speaker 1: about that. We're going to change it to peach like

670
00:40:48,360 --> 00:40:52,880
Speaker 1: you said. Uh. And then they also said, you know,

671
00:40:52,960 --> 00:40:55,440
Speaker 1: on their part, they said, you know, what we were

672
00:40:55,440 --> 00:40:58,840
Speaker 1: talking about was the what they called them more or

673
00:40:58,920 --> 00:41:02,640
Speaker 1: less universal color found on the palm of hands. But

674
00:41:02,880 --> 00:41:06,000
Speaker 1: I don't know if I buy that. Yeah, I that

675
00:41:06,120 --> 00:41:08,399
Speaker 1: was apparently the company line, And I'm not sure if

676
00:41:08,400 --> 00:41:12,239
Speaker 1: I buy that that's even true from this article. What

677
00:41:12,320 --> 00:41:16,440
Speaker 1: about this one just seems so patently racist that I

678
00:41:16,520 --> 00:41:18,520
Speaker 1: can't believe it was ever a name until you look

679
00:41:18,520 --> 00:41:22,600
Speaker 1: into it a little further. Indian red, yes, which was

680
00:41:22,640 --> 00:41:26,279
Speaker 1: apparently derived from a plant pigment in India, And they

681
00:41:26,320 --> 00:41:29,320
Speaker 1: didn't mean it like that, but then they thought, hey,

682
00:41:29,360 --> 00:41:32,400
Speaker 1: maybe that's an association people are going to make. Probably

683
00:41:32,400 --> 00:41:35,200
Speaker 1: not a good idea again, apparently teachers saying like, what

684
00:41:35,239 --> 00:41:37,440
Speaker 1: are you guys doing? That's like as bad as having

685
00:41:37,440 --> 00:41:42,000
Speaker 1: your team's baseball mascot chief nacka homer or something like that.

686
00:41:42,080 --> 00:41:46,399
Speaker 1: Yeah her chief Wahoo. Yeah. Um. They change Indian read

687
00:41:46,440 --> 00:41:51,400
Speaker 1: to chestnut, and uh, chestnut, it's very nice. It's a

688
00:41:51,440 --> 00:41:56,320
Speaker 1: great name. No Bert Siana apparently. Also they've only dropped

689
00:41:56,480 --> 00:41:59,359
Speaker 1: one other name, although they have like something like three

690
00:42:00,120 --> 00:42:03,160
Speaker 1: what are called true colors, but then something like eight

691
00:42:03,200 --> 00:42:06,520
Speaker 1: hundred names, so they've clearly used different names for the

692
00:42:06,560 --> 00:42:10,800
Speaker 1: same color before, like magenta was renamed a red, violet

693
00:42:10,920 --> 00:42:14,919
Speaker 1: was renamed magenta. I believe. Um, so they'll they'll do

694
00:42:14,960 --> 00:42:18,200
Speaker 1: that old switchero here there. But apparently there are only

695
00:42:18,239 --> 00:42:21,200
Speaker 1: three names they just completely got rid of. Or no,

696
00:42:21,320 --> 00:42:23,640
Speaker 1: maybe there's a fourth one they retired of the they

697
00:42:23,680 --> 00:42:27,520
Speaker 1: were retired the color dandelion, but just this year. Yeah,

698
00:42:27,640 --> 00:42:32,920
Speaker 1: but Indian, red, um flesh, and Prussian blue were all

699
00:42:33,000 --> 00:42:36,520
Speaker 1: names that were taken out and never brought back. And

700
00:42:36,600 --> 00:42:39,040
Speaker 1: Prussian blue not for any reason other than kids couldn't

701
00:42:39,080 --> 00:42:43,880
Speaker 1: identify with Prussia because no one knows what Prussia is anymore.

702
00:42:45,040 --> 00:42:48,000
Speaker 1: I think you might have said three, there's three? Oh,

703
00:42:48,120 --> 00:42:52,239
Speaker 1: is there right? I saw an article, Uh, it was

704
00:42:52,280 --> 00:42:56,480
Speaker 1: like a college newspaper on their website. They said that

705
00:42:56,520 --> 00:43:00,880
Speaker 1: they've crayoles sold more than a hundred thousand crayons. I

706
00:43:00,880 --> 00:43:03,880
Speaker 1: can think you're missing three years three or more zeros

707
00:43:04,000 --> 00:43:09,040
Speaker 1: there unless it was like today, you know, that's pretty funny.

708
00:43:09,120 --> 00:43:13,040
Speaker 1: Did yeah, it got me. Um they now, you know,

709
00:43:13,120 --> 00:43:16,480
Speaker 1: like any company, Um, I can't just leave it with

710
00:43:16,520 --> 00:43:19,600
Speaker 1: the good old fashioned crayon. He's gonna diversify. So you

711
00:43:19,640 --> 00:43:22,759
Speaker 1: see things these days like Neon colors, and and of

712
00:43:22,760 --> 00:43:24,960
Speaker 1: course they make markers and all kinds of good stuff.

713
00:43:25,040 --> 00:43:28,200
Speaker 1: I love the Crayola markers. Yeah, me too, the big

714
00:43:28,280 --> 00:43:32,880
Speaker 1: fat marker, just the shape, the white with the color

715
00:43:32,960 --> 00:43:36,040
Speaker 1: against it and everything. It was well and a lot

716
00:43:36,080 --> 00:43:41,239
Speaker 1: of those now for kids are washable, so um, when

717
00:43:41,280 --> 00:43:44,120
Speaker 1: the kid draws on the coffee table, it just wipes

718
00:43:44,280 --> 00:43:47,200
Speaker 1: right off, very very nice. And the brand new white couch,

719
00:43:47,200 --> 00:43:48,880
Speaker 1: which why did you even get that when you have

720
00:43:48,920 --> 00:43:51,279
Speaker 1: a kid, what are you thinking? Oh, we would never

721
00:43:51,320 --> 00:43:54,840
Speaker 1: have that because of wine consumption. It would be a

722
00:43:54,840 --> 00:43:58,560
Speaker 1: purple couch. After a couple of years it would be magenta.

723
00:43:59,320 --> 00:44:02,680
Speaker 1: I've got some crayle effects, were you well? First? Okay,

724
00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:07,560
Speaker 1: now you go ahead, Now you go ahead. The largest one.

725
00:44:07,640 --> 00:44:11,080
Speaker 1: Of course, any iconic brand like this is going to

726
00:44:11,120 --> 00:44:14,759
Speaker 1: make a super giant one put on display somewhere. They

727
00:44:14,760 --> 00:44:16,680
Speaker 1: did that, huh yeah, big blue, and it's kind of

728
00:44:16,680 --> 00:44:18,000
Speaker 1: neat the way they did it though. They took a

729
00:44:18,719 --> 00:44:21,359
Speaker 1: hundred and twenty three thousand old blue crayons that they

730
00:44:21,360 --> 00:44:24,640
Speaker 1: gathered from kids all over the country and they melted

731
00:44:24,680 --> 00:44:28,719
Speaker 1: those down into big blue, giant pound crayon. That's a

732
00:44:28,760 --> 00:44:31,640
Speaker 1: great fate for some used up crayons, you know. Yeah,

733
00:44:31,760 --> 00:44:36,440
Speaker 1: make three billion a year, not a hundred thousand. I

734
00:44:36,440 --> 00:44:38,160
Speaker 1: don't know what that guy was thinking. I don't either.

735
00:44:38,440 --> 00:44:40,799
Speaker 1: And maybe they met a minute or they left off.

736
00:44:41,000 --> 00:44:44,319
Speaker 1: There was something missing from that sentence. I think. Uh,

737
00:44:44,320 --> 00:44:47,359
Speaker 1: and the average kid supposedly, and I'm sure they're talking

738
00:44:47,400 --> 00:44:51,160
Speaker 1: about dumb old American kids, by the time they're ten

739
00:44:51,200 --> 00:44:56,640
Speaker 1: years old, they have gone through seven DWY crayons brand crayon. Wow,

740
00:44:56,719 --> 00:44:58,839
Speaker 1: that's a lot. Yeah, we probably could have gotten someday

741
00:44:58,840 --> 00:45:01,279
Speaker 1: out of these guys. Maybe we should retroactively and that

742
00:45:01,360 --> 00:45:03,480
Speaker 1: how it works. Yeah, we get money out of Creola,

743
00:45:03,520 --> 00:45:05,480
Speaker 1: and we get sued by praying, right, and then it

744
00:45:05,520 --> 00:45:07,400
Speaker 1: all just comes out to ze right, we give praying

745
00:45:07,400 --> 00:45:13,040
Speaker 1: our Creola money. Yeah. So, um Creole apparently also did

746
00:45:13,040 --> 00:45:15,840
Speaker 1: a survey to find out what the top ten colors

747
00:45:15,880 --> 00:45:21,360
Speaker 1: are of all time. Blue. That's my favorite color, but

748
00:45:21,440 --> 00:45:27,680
Speaker 1: my favorite crayon's probably violet. That's the whole concept of it. Um,

749
00:45:27,719 --> 00:45:31,160
Speaker 1: that's number three, Violet is number two is red, green

750
00:45:31,360 --> 00:45:36,080
Speaker 1: is four, carnation, pink is five, black is six. Just

751
00:45:36,239 --> 00:45:38,719
Speaker 1: try up black. You like the black cryan? Huh? Well

752
00:45:39,080 --> 00:45:47,520
Speaker 1: for drawing lines, makes sense? I got it? Turquoise blue, blue, green, yeah, periwinkle,

753
00:45:48,080 --> 00:45:50,520
Speaker 1: yeah my name, I think so too. But it's also

754
00:45:50,560 --> 00:45:54,680
Speaker 1: a nice lovely type of silvery blue if I remember correctly, right,

755
00:45:55,280 --> 00:45:57,640
Speaker 1: I think so silvery purplish. I'm not sure. I'm not

756
00:45:58,040 --> 00:46:00,719
Speaker 1: very good with colors. Emily's great with that stuff, and

757
00:46:00,760 --> 00:46:04,040
Speaker 1: it will ask her, Yeah, say what's periwinkle? Yeah, and

758
00:46:04,040 --> 00:46:07,399
Speaker 1: she'll say it's but I need a thing. She'll say, like, oh,

759
00:46:07,440 --> 00:46:10,799
Speaker 1: the whatever in our house is Perrywinkle. I got you know,

760
00:46:11,040 --> 00:46:14,440
Speaker 1: I got you? Uh. And then magenta, yes, not big

761
00:46:14,520 --> 00:46:19,000
Speaker 1: on magenta. Yeah, I think that's it. Chuck, what's your

762
00:46:19,040 --> 00:46:21,279
Speaker 1: favorite of all time? I don't know. I don't think

763
00:46:21,280 --> 00:46:24,280
Speaker 1: I have a favorite color of crayon or maybe at all.

764
00:46:24,560 --> 00:46:29,640
Speaker 1: I see like black. Okay, we'll go with that, Johnny cash, Um,

765
00:46:29,680 --> 00:46:33,480
Speaker 1: I do have one more thing. It's funny that one

766
00:46:33,520 --> 00:46:36,520
Speaker 1: thing that we usually do is look at just when

767
00:46:36,520 --> 00:46:39,480
Speaker 1: we're searching things online, we'll look at news just to

768
00:46:39,520 --> 00:46:42,640
Speaker 1: see if there's anything breaking and believe it or not,

769
00:46:42,920 --> 00:46:46,879
Speaker 1: I looked at crayons Crayola, and it was an eight

770
00:46:46,920 --> 00:46:51,360
Speaker 1: minute old story, breaking story right before we record, like

771
00:46:51,440 --> 00:46:55,480
Speaker 1: CNN breaking news, like actual breaking news. That's right, they

772
00:46:55,640 --> 00:46:59,839
Speaker 1: have they're releasing a new blue this year. Uh. There

773
00:46:59,880 --> 00:47:07,160
Speaker 1: was some scientists at Oregon State University Go Ducks, Ducks, No,

774
00:47:07,480 --> 00:47:15,839
Speaker 1: that's University Oregon, Oregon State, the Loggers, Periwinkle Cowboys. Uh.

775
00:47:16,239 --> 00:47:19,120
Speaker 1: The in two thousand nine at Oregon State, they were

776
00:47:19,239 --> 00:47:27,200
Speaker 1: um doing some research trying to discover materials for electronics,

777
00:47:26,080 --> 00:47:31,240
Speaker 1: and as often happens, and something accidental occurred, they mixed

778
00:47:31,239 --> 00:47:33,960
Speaker 1: an oxide with some other chemicals, heated it up, and

779
00:47:33,960 --> 00:47:36,920
Speaker 1: they discovered a brand new pigment of blue. In two

780
00:47:36,960 --> 00:47:42,279
Speaker 1: thousand nine, why, I in m in yanman. I'm not

781
00:47:42,320 --> 00:47:45,560
Speaker 1: sure how it's pronounced. That's not very marketable, but it's

782
00:47:45,600 --> 00:47:51,640
Speaker 1: a very sort of cobalt. Yeah, this is very vivid blue.

783
00:47:52,320 --> 00:47:54,560
Speaker 1: And uh, we should do something on pigments at some point,

784
00:47:54,560 --> 00:47:57,319
Speaker 1: because I didn't. It's just weird to me that they

785
00:47:57,360 --> 00:48:00,520
Speaker 1: could say, like, no, this is a brand new color, um,

786
00:48:00,600 --> 00:48:02,640
Speaker 1: but let's definitely do that. It would be kind of

787
00:48:02,680 --> 00:48:06,280
Speaker 1: interesting the science behind that. So Crayola is making uh

788
00:48:06,400 --> 00:48:10,560
Speaker 1: this ynman into a and the outsourced that they let

789
00:48:10,600 --> 00:48:14,799
Speaker 1: kids vote many many entrants, uh to this name, and

790
00:48:14,840 --> 00:48:19,959
Speaker 1: they are naming it blutiful. Oh I know right, Yeah,

791
00:48:19,960 --> 00:48:22,960
Speaker 1: it's like get your get your color naming staff back,

792
00:48:23,520 --> 00:48:26,920
Speaker 1: get the team back together. Crayola Blutiful is what happens

793
00:48:26,960 --> 00:48:31,319
Speaker 1: when you ask ten thousand six year olds. Uh so

794
00:48:31,400 --> 00:48:35,800
Speaker 1: Bluetiful is coming out just in time for the holiday season.

795
00:48:37,239 --> 00:48:42,719
Speaker 1: Well there, yeah, that's crayons, specifically Crayola crayons. Sorry for

796
00:48:42,800 --> 00:48:45,040
Speaker 1: the buzz marketing, but we couldn't help it. Did we

797
00:48:45,080 --> 00:48:49,200
Speaker 1: get organ state they're the cowboys right now. Thank you

798
00:48:49,239 --> 00:48:53,160
Speaker 1: guest producer Matt for looking it up. I like periwinkle cowboys.

799
00:48:54,160 --> 00:48:56,680
Speaker 1: Uh well, if you want to know more about crayons,

800
00:48:56,800 --> 00:48:59,960
Speaker 1: go get some crayons, break them open and smell them.

801
00:49:00,000 --> 00:49:02,359
Speaker 1: It'll tell you everything you need to know. And in

802
00:49:02,400 --> 00:49:08,120
Speaker 1: the meantime, it's time for a listener mail. And I

803
00:49:08,160 --> 00:49:10,000
Speaker 1: also want to say to the good people of praying

804
00:49:10,080 --> 00:49:14,799
Speaker 1: once again, people should support praying as well as the

805
00:49:14,880 --> 00:49:19,120
Speaker 1: o G at the very least, go out in diversify

806
00:49:19,160 --> 00:49:25,080
Speaker 1: your crayon portfolio, you know, alright, like like Yamaha did

807
00:49:25,120 --> 00:49:28,560
Speaker 1: with their feyboard and jet skis. That makes a little

808
00:49:28,600 --> 00:49:30,680
Speaker 1: more sense. At least they knew how to make engines

809
00:49:30,719 --> 00:49:34,640
Speaker 1: from a motorcycle. Um, all right, this is I'm reading

810
00:49:34,640 --> 00:49:38,080
Speaker 1: another Satanist reply, but it felt like this one should

811
00:49:38,080 --> 00:49:42,439
Speaker 1: be read. Hey guys, I'm a Christian pastor. As such,

812
00:49:42,480 --> 00:49:45,480
Speaker 1: I hold strong religious convictions, and yet I've always found

813
00:49:45,480 --> 00:49:48,440
Speaker 1: it incredibly important, both personally and professionally, to learn what

814
00:49:48,480 --> 00:49:51,600
Speaker 1: I can about other belief systems. So you're doing it right,

815
00:49:51,880 --> 00:49:54,359
Speaker 1: We're storing my faith in humanity. I want to thank

816
00:49:54,360 --> 00:49:55,920
Speaker 1: you for the episode on the Church of Satan. It's

817
00:49:55,920 --> 00:49:58,080
Speaker 1: not an organization that I've taken the opportunity to learn

818
00:49:58,160 --> 00:50:00,960
Speaker 1: much about, perhaps out of fear or pride, but I

819
00:50:00,960 --> 00:50:03,399
Speaker 1: found what you share to be very informational in any

820
00:50:03,400 --> 00:50:05,760
Speaker 1: study of other belief systems. It is not only important

821
00:50:05,760 --> 00:50:09,000
Speaker 1: to know what we disagree on, but perhaps just as importantly,

822
00:50:09,280 --> 00:50:12,440
Speaker 1: but we do agree on. While there are clearly areas

823
00:50:12,440 --> 00:50:15,720
Speaker 1: where Satanist and I would never agree, there are actually

824
00:50:15,719 --> 00:50:19,640
Speaker 1: many things that we have in common. In a climate

825
00:50:19,680 --> 00:50:22,799
Speaker 1: of increased divisiveness, is important to focus on what we share,

826
00:50:22,840 --> 00:50:25,799
Speaker 1: not what divides us. Your episode open my mind and

827
00:50:25,840 --> 00:50:28,800
Speaker 1: gave me new insight and for that I am incredibly grateful.

828
00:50:28,840 --> 00:50:30,799
Speaker 1: Thank you for your show. Please keep up the good work.

829
00:50:31,400 --> 00:50:36,640
Speaker 1: Isn't that great? Yeah? Uh signed peace. Reverend Lee Finish

830
00:50:36,760 --> 00:50:40,640
Speaker 1: of Temple, Texas. Thank you, Reverend Lee soon to be

831
00:50:40,719 --> 00:50:45,759
Speaker 1: former reverend. And this is uh Lee, Lady Lee, I

832
00:50:45,800 --> 00:50:48,279
Speaker 1: saw that, but it could be a man. No, it's

833
00:50:48,280 --> 00:50:51,560
Speaker 1: a lady. Oh it is well. Thank you, reverendly Again. Seriously,

834
00:50:51,680 --> 00:50:53,960
Speaker 1: we heard from you and from one other reverend who

835
00:50:54,040 --> 00:50:57,920
Speaker 1: basically said, you know, thanks for opening my eyes and

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00:50:57,920 --> 00:51:01,719
Speaker 1: and I I find it very interesting too. That's just

837
00:51:01,800 --> 00:51:04,840
Speaker 1: opening their eyes but also like restoring their faith, like

838
00:51:04,880 --> 00:51:09,000
Speaker 1: it confirmed their faith running out to church and Satan

839
00:51:09,160 --> 00:51:12,839
Speaker 1: right it was challenged. They thought about it and they said, nope,

840
00:51:12,840 --> 00:51:16,200
Speaker 1: I'm doubling down. And I feel good about this after

841
00:51:16,360 --> 00:51:21,600
Speaker 1: being confronted with opposing viewpoints, critical thinking. Yeah, nicely done.

842
00:51:22,200 --> 00:51:23,880
Speaker 1: If you want to get in touch with us, you

843
00:51:23,920 --> 00:51:26,680
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00:51:26,880 --> 00:51:29,399
Speaker 1: s Y s K podcast, both on Twitter. You can

845
00:51:29,520 --> 00:51:32,279
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846
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