WEBVTT - Election Lawsuits Going Down to the Wire

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<v Speaker 1>News of President Trump testing positive for the coronavirus has

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<v Speaker 1>whirled the country, perhaps throwing even more chaos into an

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<v Speaker 1>already frenetic election year. Trump has been casting doubts on

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<v Speaker 1>the validity of any election results for some time, and

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<v Speaker 1>during Tuesday's debate, he suggested that the presidential election will

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<v Speaker 1>be contested and then it might get ugly if he

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<v Speaker 1>doesn't win. I am urging my people. I hope it's

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<v Speaker 1>going to be a fair election. If it's a fair election,

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<v Speaker 1>I am a on board. But if I see tens

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<v Speaker 1>of thousands of ballots being manipulated, I can't go along

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<v Speaker 1>with that. Joining me is elections law expert Richard Brafald,

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<v Speaker 1>a professor at Columbia Law School, where start by explaining

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<v Speaker 1>how the law gives states the power to take electoral

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<v Speaker 1>votes back from the voters. As everyone knows, the election

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<v Speaker 1>for president is really an election decided by the electoral College,

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<v Speaker 1>and every state has provided that its electoral votes will

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<v Speaker 1>be determined by who wins the popular election on November three. However,

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<v Speaker 1>under the Constitution, the state legislatures have the right to

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<v Speaker 1>decide how their electoral votes are going to be cast,

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<v Speaker 1>and although this has never happened since state legislatures have

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<v Speaker 1>collectively decided to entrust this decision. Since the popular vote,

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<v Speaker 1>the issue has been raised about whether or not, after

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<v Speaker 1>election day, the state legislature of any given state could

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<v Speaker 1>decide to cast that state's electoral vote on its own.

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<v Speaker 1>That issue has never come up before, and we don't

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<v Speaker 1>know what would happen if the state legislature after election

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<v Speaker 1>day passed as a law that says we're giving our

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<v Speaker 1>electoral votes to so and so. But that issue has

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<v Speaker 1>come up partly because of efforts raised by the President

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<v Speaker 1>and others to cast a cloud over the legitimacy of

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<v Speaker 1>the popular vote at a time when more people than

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<v Speaker 1>ever are going to be voting by mail. One issue

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<v Speaker 1>is how long will it take to get the popular

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<v Speaker 1>vote tabulated and what issues are going to be raised

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<v Speaker 1>about that, and to what extent Trump from the Republicans

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<v Speaker 1>going to try and deny the legitimacy of the popular

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<v Speaker 1>vote if it goes against them as a way of

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<v Speaker 1>justifying an action by a state legislature stay like in

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<v Speaker 1>Pennsylvania or Wisconsin, to get its electoral votes to Trump.

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<v Speaker 1>So what does the timetable for this look like? The

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<v Speaker 1>timetable for this is partly driven by something called the

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<v Speaker 1>Electoral Count Act. So in eight seven, following the disputed

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<v Speaker 1>election of eighteen seventy six, Congress past a law trying

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<v Speaker 1>to bind itself in the future as to how it

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<v Speaker 1>would deal with disputed sets of electoral votes. And what

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<v Speaker 1>it said is that so long as the state resolves

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<v Speaker 1>any dispute about who's wont its electoral votes by six

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<v Speaker 1>days before the electoral College is supposed to meet this year,

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<v Speaker 1>it's Nomber sixte and provided that the state resolved all

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<v Speaker 1>its disputes by six days before that, Congress has pledged

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<v Speaker 1>to accept the winner of the states electoral votes. So

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<v Speaker 1>that's sometimes called the safe Harvard deadline. They can still

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<v Speaker 1>take those results later. There's nothing that prohibits them from

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<v Speaker 1>accepting later results. Those deadlines are really an artifact of

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<v Speaker 1>congre but it's effectively about five weeks after election day,

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<v Speaker 1>and one question is will five weeks be enough time

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<v Speaker 1>not just to tabulate all the absentee votes, but also

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<v Speaker 1>to resolve the many challenges that are likely to be

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<v Speaker 1>brought against them. Several states are involved in fights disputes

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<v Speaker 1>over allowing election officials to begin counting absentee ballots before

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<v Speaker 1>election day? What's the general rule? Is there a general

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<v Speaker 1>rule about counting absentee ballots before election day? The general

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<v Speaker 1>rule in the States is that they are not allowed to.

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<v Speaker 1>I think it's a concern that those early tabulations will

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<v Speaker 1>somehow get out and that will somehow influence the voting

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<v Speaker 1>that's going to happen on election day. So nearly all

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<v Speaker 1>states and maybe all states pre have been any counting

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<v Speaker 1>before election day. There are some some dates allow um

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<v Speaker 1>what's called the processing to begin earlier than that. Tabulating

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<v Speaker 1>election absentee votes are mail only votes is trickier than

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<v Speaker 1>regular votes because remember that they come in this outside envelope.

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<v Speaker 1>So some states do allow, and the call is being

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<v Speaker 1>made for more states to do this, to at least

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<v Speaker 1>to begin the process of processing, which is to say,

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<v Speaker 1>checking the signatures on the outside of the envelope to

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<v Speaker 1>match them with signatures on file, uh, so that they

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<v Speaker 1>can see if it's a velo, opening it up, getting

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<v Speaker 1>it kind of straightening it out as if you will,

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<v Speaker 1>and getting it ready to speed into the tabulation machines.

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<v Speaker 1>I mean part of the it's just it's more work

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<v Speaker 1>to process and absently vote. You really do have to

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<v Speaker 1>check the signature on the outside, open it up, I

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<v Speaker 1>don't know the mechanics applete that's kind of folded, and

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<v Speaker 1>get it ready to sign it to the tabulation. And

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<v Speaker 1>so a number of states do allow that process to

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<v Speaker 1>begin earlier, and the call is being made to allow

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<v Speaker 1>more states to do that. It even makes a difference

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<v Speaker 1>when on election day this is allowed. Some states don't

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<v Speaker 1>allow it to begin until the polls have closed. Others

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<v Speaker 1>will allow it to start on election day itself, and

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<v Speaker 1>that can make a big difference in terms of when

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<v Speaker 1>we get a final count. So there's been a home

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<v Speaker 1>in a number of states either to ease the law

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<v Speaker 1>on this or to do administratively at least the processing,

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<v Speaker 1>but getting it ready to be counted rather than the

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<v Speaker 1>actual account rather than the actual account, and to have

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<v Speaker 1>that all set to go either on election day or

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<v Speaker 1>on election night, depending on the law of the individual state.

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<v Speaker 1>So now this brings up a recent case in Pennsylvania,

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<v Speaker 1>a swing state obviously, where nine military ballots were discarded.

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<v Speaker 1>It was announced that seven of those were voting for

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<v Speaker 1>President Trump, and the officials, the election officials said that

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<v Speaker 1>this was caused by a temporary seasonal independent contractor on

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<v Speaker 1>their first day at work. President Trump knew about the case,

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<v Speaker 1>talked about the case before it was announced. So this

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<v Speaker 1>brings up questions of well, first ballot secrecy. Yeah, now

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<v Speaker 1>this clearly was a mistake, but it is interesting how

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<v Speaker 1>this went straight to the White House, and how the

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<v Speaker 1>White House, who the local U. S. Attorney who made

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<v Speaker 1>a public statement even though normally they wouldn't do that,

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<v Speaker 1>it would investigate first. Uh. And I think it it

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<v Speaker 1>just also just underscores, you know, how much work it

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<v Speaker 1>takes to process the absentee ballots, and you know they

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<v Speaker 1>need to have a better need to just to be

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<v Speaker 1>fully funded and to have a good system. Um. So

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<v Speaker 1>you know, I think it it also shows that in fact,

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<v Speaker 1>it's not clear that people have had absent to your

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<v Speaker 1>old Democrats. Um. But it sounds like there were actual

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<v Speaker 1>mistakes that were made also in the on the ballots themselves,

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<v Speaker 1>and which I don't think anyone is I'm not sure

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<v Speaker 1>anyone has challenged the fact that these ballots were properly

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<v Speaker 1>discarded and that there were mistakes. Um. But it is

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<v Speaker 1>interesting that the information went went straight to the justice

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<v Speaker 1>departments of the White House. Our election officials allowed to

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<v Speaker 1>open these ballots before the election and announced oh seven

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<v Speaker 1>were for President Trump. Uh, I stain not allowed to

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<v Speaker 1>do that. No, I mean where they're not to whether

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<v Speaker 1>they were allowed to sort of begin the processing, that's

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<v Speaker 1>a good question. And sometimes, uh, I don't know enough

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<v Speaker 1>about the details. But as I say, sometimes you can

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<v Speaker 1>begin the processing earlier. And I think that I think

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<v Speaker 1>the leak on who the votes who were from came

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<v Speaker 1>from the U. S. Attorney, not from the election officials.

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<v Speaker 1>President John has also said that only the votes that

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<v Speaker 1>are known on election night matter. Why is he saying that, Well,

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<v Speaker 1>part of this I think relates to it is sometimes

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<v Speaker 1>called the blue shift, and this year is being called

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<v Speaker 1>the Red Mirage. Well, in the past, I don't think

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<v Speaker 1>it made a big difference between Democrats and Republicans who

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<v Speaker 1>votes by mail. In recent election cycles, I think you've

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<v Speaker 1>been seeing a slightly higher percentage of Democrats vote by mail,

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<v Speaker 1>so that the election night numbers will be a bit

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<v Speaker 1>more Republican than the total numbers. This has certainly been

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<v Speaker 1>true nationally because the states that have the heaviest use

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<v Speaker 1>of mail and ballots on the West Coast, Washington, Oregon, California,

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<v Speaker 1>and so you may remember in Hillary Clinton's election night

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<v Speaker 1>pop a vote margin of about a half a million

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<v Speaker 1>or more grew over time to about two and a

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<v Speaker 1>half million as more and more votes came in from

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<v Speaker 1>the West Coast. So the assumption is especially this year

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<v Speaker 1>with the President's basically telling Republicans not to vote by

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<v Speaker 1>mail that the election night vote in the close states

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<v Speaker 1>will show a Republican lead, which will be offset over

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<v Speaker 1>the next couple of days as the mail in votes

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<v Speaker 1>are taculated. He's basically saying, we should ignore the late votes.

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<v Speaker 1>We should ignore the mail in votes. Now. An article

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<v Speaker 1>in the Atlantic said that Republicans in the swing state

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<v Speaker 1>of Pennsylvania have considered how the state legislature could appoint

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<v Speaker 1>electors of their own choosing in the absence of a

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<v Speaker 1>clear election night win. At what point does the law

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<v Speaker 1>give them the authority to do that. It's not clear

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<v Speaker 1>that it would ever be legitimate, though it might be

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<v Speaker 1>constitutional in that right. Remember, for example, in Bush versus Gore,

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<v Speaker 1>it took some five weeks to figure out who wants Florida,

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<v Speaker 1>and even then they hadn't really figured it out. With

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<v Speaker 1>Supreme Court came in and stopped the count. So we

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<v Speaker 1>have had many elections in which a result was not

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<v Speaker 1>known on election night or even a week later. Remember

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<v Speaker 1>also that under federal law, military ballots are entitled to

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<v Speaker 1>be received and counted up until ten days after election day.

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<v Speaker 1>To actually, under federal law, you really can't have a

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<v Speaker 1>final result until ten days after election day. UM. Whether

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<v Speaker 1>or not state legislature you could just step in and

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<v Speaker 1>declare a winner. UM. A couple of questions come up.

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<v Speaker 1>One is is that the state legislature alone or what

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<v Speaker 1>about the governor? I mean, the Pennsylvania has a democratic governor.

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<v Speaker 1>What if he tried to veto this. It's an unclear

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<v Speaker 1>question as to where the legislature could do this without

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<v Speaker 1>passing a law that the government, which that was the governor,

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<v Speaker 1>to veto. It's also quite possible that you might have

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<v Speaker 1>to competing set of the electors if the votes continue

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<v Speaker 1>to be counted. Maybe there are legal challenges and those

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<v Speaker 1>get resolved by this in the state or federal court system.

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<v Speaker 1>You might actually have one set of electors that get

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<v Speaker 1>certified by the Secretary of State in Pennsylvania and another

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<v Speaker 1>who were declared by the state legislature. UM. And the governor.

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<v Speaker 1>The governor approved the Secretary of State certification in stends

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<v Speaker 1>of that set of electors um to Washington. Under again,

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<v Speaker 1>under the Electoral Countact, the Congress is supposed to accept

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<v Speaker 1>the governors certification in case there's a dispute. But of

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<v Speaker 1>course what Congress does will be up to Congress. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>And Congress in this case means the two houses stating together.

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<v Speaker 1>And we might have a Democratic House Representatives and we

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<v Speaker 1>might still have a Republican Senate. So what Congress actually

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<v Speaker 1>does when states with two competing sets of electors, we

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<v Speaker 1>don't know. North Carolina is also drawing a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>attention because two Republican members of the state election board

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<v Speaker 1>resigned over a court settlement over mail in voting practices.

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<v Speaker 1>How unusual is that? And are they resigning just to

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<v Speaker 1>bring attention to this settlement? They may be doing that. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>it's a kind of a protest um. So now North

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<v Speaker 1>Carolina has I think made space insnect made subset to

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<v Speaker 1>make absente voting easier. Uh, And they're obviously protesting it.

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<v Speaker 1>And this could be a set up for some stepsic

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<v Speaker 1>in action by the North Carolina legislature. I mean, that's

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<v Speaker 1>the kind of The kind of meltdown that we're facing

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<v Speaker 1>here is clothes votes in a number of key states

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<v Speaker 1>where it's possible that you know that's the absentee votes,

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<v Speaker 1>the mail and votes will be the marginal victory for

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<v Speaker 1>the winner. Uh. And you see Republicans, although from the

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<v Speaker 1>president on down, trying to de legitimate these absentee votes,

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<v Speaker 1>even though absent votes have always been cast and always

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<v Speaker 1>been counted. It is true that in many states now

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<v Speaker 1>many more will be test and counted than ever before.

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<v Speaker 1>Probably many more will be cast and not counting because

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<v Speaker 1>people make mistakes with absentee votes, especially if you've never

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<v Speaker 1>done it before. So I suspect that a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>challenges to absentee votes that were accepted, and probably be

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<v Speaker 1>a lot of challenges to absolute votes that weren't accepted,

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<v Speaker 1>because there's just there is a higher error rate with

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<v Speaker 1>absentee votes. There's more as expected of the voter, and

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<v Speaker 1>particularly that signal sure on the outer envelope, which many

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<v Speaker 1>people find strange given that this is supposed to be

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<v Speaker 1>um a secret vote. Well, that signature is an effect,

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<v Speaker 1>the equivalent of showing your idea or show or signing

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<v Speaker 1>when you come to the polling place, and that outer

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<v Speaker 1>ballot that out are almost supposed to be discarded or

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<v Speaker 1>at least put separately. Um and then your inner the

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<v Speaker 1>inter envelope is not signed, and that's the one that's

0:12:23.320 --> 0:12:26.080
<v Speaker 1>then open to get your votes. Why is there almost

0:12:26.120 --> 0:12:28.960
<v Speaker 1>an assumption that the Supreme Court will have to decide

0:12:28.960 --> 0:12:31.839
<v Speaker 1>this presidential election. The only time they've ever done it

0:12:31.880 --> 0:12:34.400
<v Speaker 1>was in two thousands, and there it all turned on

0:12:34.720 --> 0:12:37.280
<v Speaker 1>kind of a narrow issue in one state. Many people

0:12:37.320 --> 0:12:39.760
<v Speaker 1>were surprised that the Supreme Court took that case. So

0:12:39.920 --> 0:12:42.720
<v Speaker 1>it's hard to make any predictions at all. Supreme Court

0:12:42.800 --> 0:12:45.000
<v Speaker 1>is not supposed to be the judge of election return.

0:12:45.160 --> 0:12:47.400
<v Speaker 1>It is possible if there will be constitutional issues that

0:12:47.440 --> 0:12:49.560
<v Speaker 1>are raised that will bring the Supreme Court in, and

0:12:49.640 --> 0:12:51.800
<v Speaker 1>also sometimes takes a while to get to the Supreme Court.

0:12:51.800 --> 0:12:54.640
<v Speaker 1>That's really not going to come in immediately. I've been

0:12:54.640 --> 0:12:57.280
<v Speaker 1>reading about that the RNC had been under a consent

0:12:57.520 --> 0:13:01.680
<v Speaker 1>decree going back to the eighties when Democrats accused it

0:13:01.760 --> 0:13:05.480
<v Speaker 1>of violating the rights of black and Latino voters. So

0:13:05.559 --> 0:13:09.559
<v Speaker 1>now that's consent degree has expired, and the r n

0:13:09.640 --> 0:13:14.040
<v Speaker 1>C is apparently making moves to bolster pole watchers and

0:13:14.160 --> 0:13:18.080
<v Speaker 1>also people watching over the counting of ballots. Is that

0:13:18.120 --> 0:13:21.760
<v Speaker 1>going to be allowed? Do Democrats do it? Yeah? That

0:13:21.880 --> 0:13:24.400
<v Speaker 1>there was that respect the nine You're right, and there

0:13:24.440 --> 0:13:27.400
<v Speaker 1>was a dispute that the Republicans trying to intimidate UM,

0:13:27.400 --> 0:13:31.319
<v Speaker 1>Black and Latino voters. Um, they're depending on the rules

0:13:31.320 --> 0:13:33.319
<v Speaker 1>of the state. I mean, there can there can be

0:13:34.480 --> 0:13:38.360
<v Speaker 1>whole observational the usually at a distance from the poles itself. Uh.

0:13:38.440 --> 0:13:41.480
<v Speaker 1>And yes, typically in the accounting of Alliser County it's

0:13:41.480 --> 0:13:45.480
<v Speaker 1>only in recounts and disputes. Typically there are representatives of

0:13:45.559 --> 0:13:50.680
<v Speaker 1>both parties. Most election boards are designed to be bipartisan. Um.

0:13:50.720 --> 0:13:53.240
<v Speaker 1>I mean the real question is not so much watching

0:13:53.320 --> 0:13:56.319
<v Speaker 1>as to how it happens. Will there be intimidation, will

0:13:56.360 --> 0:14:00.320
<v Speaker 1>there be coercion, will there be force? Um? You know,

0:14:00.360 --> 0:14:02.720
<v Speaker 1>as there there were some efforts along those lines in Florida.

0:14:02.840 --> 0:14:04.679
<v Speaker 1>Was that kind of the so called Brooks Brothers riot

0:14:05.080 --> 0:14:09.960
<v Speaker 1>when Republicans kind of protested vehemently efforts on the Miami

0:14:10.040 --> 0:14:13.000
<v Speaker 1>date canvassing boards and when they were doing their recounts.

0:14:13.480 --> 0:14:15.959
<v Speaker 1>It is important that this is being transparent. It is

0:14:16.000 --> 0:14:19.760
<v Speaker 1>also important that people who have actually run the process

0:14:19.760 --> 0:14:23.200
<v Speaker 1>not be intimidated and that voters not be intimidated. What's

0:14:23.240 --> 0:14:26.280
<v Speaker 1>the most important of the cases that we've talked about,

0:14:28.120 --> 0:14:29.960
<v Speaker 1>The big case is really the one that's coming out

0:14:29.960 --> 0:14:33.520
<v Speaker 1>of Pennsylvania, not those nine ballots, but the Pennsylvania Supreme

0:14:33.560 --> 0:14:36.600
<v Speaker 1>Court did something very important for which the Republicans are

0:14:36.600 --> 0:14:39.560
<v Speaker 1>trying to take to the Supreme Court. Democrats asked for

0:14:39.600 --> 0:14:42.720
<v Speaker 1>five ways of liberalizing the state's laws. The state Supreme

0:14:42.760 --> 0:14:46.520
<v Speaker 1>Court gave them too. One was based on an interpretation

0:14:47.160 --> 0:14:50.920
<v Speaker 1>of the states uh mail in voting law, in which

0:14:50.920 --> 0:14:53.800
<v Speaker 1>the State Supreme Court upheld the decision of the Secretary

0:14:53.800 --> 0:14:57.280
<v Speaker 1>of State of Pennsylvania to allow the counties to have

0:14:57.440 --> 0:15:01.320
<v Speaker 1>multiple drop multiple places for drop boxes. So when you

0:15:01.360 --> 0:15:04.440
<v Speaker 1>return you your a vote, your mail and vote, you

0:15:04.480 --> 0:15:07.640
<v Speaker 1>can nail it through a postal mail box. But many places,

0:15:07.720 --> 0:15:10.800
<v Speaker 1>although the elected the local elections will set up effectively

0:15:10.800 --> 0:15:12.600
<v Speaker 1>a draw box at place where you can deposit it

0:15:12.640 --> 0:15:17.480
<v Speaker 1>directly with the Board of Elections um um. The counties

0:15:17.600 --> 0:15:21.040
<v Speaker 1>want to have those in many places around their jurisdiction.

0:15:21.400 --> 0:15:23.320
<v Speaker 1>The Republicans are arguing that under the law they were

0:15:23.360 --> 0:15:25.920
<v Speaker 1>only allowed to have one for county. There's only at

0:15:25.960 --> 0:15:29.200
<v Speaker 1>the Board of Elections itself, and the state Supreme Court said,

0:15:29.240 --> 0:15:33.600
<v Speaker 1>interpreting the state's own mail vote um quote by mail law,

0:15:33.600 --> 0:15:37.720
<v Speaker 1>which was adopted actually before COVID. So we read that

0:15:37.800 --> 0:15:40.960
<v Speaker 1>law to give the county wars discretion to have multiple

0:15:41.080 --> 0:15:46.240
<v Speaker 1>draw boxes. That's being challenged UH as a mistaken interpretation

0:15:46.320 --> 0:15:48.880
<v Speaker 1>of state law because it's going to lead to inequality

0:15:48.920 --> 0:15:52.920
<v Speaker 1>across the counties. The other, maybe more important, possibly just

0:15:52.960 --> 0:15:56.160
<v Speaker 1>as important, maybe more so, is the state Supreme Court

0:15:56.840 --> 0:16:00.200
<v Speaker 1>on its own kind of equity powers, said, we're going

0:16:00.240 --> 0:16:04.720
<v Speaker 1>to extend the deadline for the receipt of mail in

0:16:04.840 --> 0:16:10.119
<v Speaker 1>votes from election day until three days later, until that Thursday.

0:16:10.720 --> 0:16:13.480
<v Speaker 1>UM the cause, and they relied heavily on this of

0:16:13.520 --> 0:16:16.240
<v Speaker 1>the statement by the US Postal Service, by the Postmaster

0:16:16.360 --> 0:16:22.080
<v Speaker 1>General that delays and in the Postal Services processing things

0:16:22.360 --> 0:16:25.720
<v Speaker 1>processing mail means that it could take up to five days,

0:16:25.720 --> 0:16:29.000
<v Speaker 1>three more days than than before for mail to be returned.

0:16:29.400 --> 0:16:33.560
<v Speaker 1>And they said, consistent with Pennsylvania's law that allows voters

0:16:33.560 --> 0:16:37.120
<v Speaker 1>to request an absentee ballot up to seven days before

0:16:37.160 --> 0:16:40.360
<v Speaker 1>election day. Consistent with that, voters request gating to the

0:16:40.400 --> 0:16:43.760
<v Speaker 1>Board of Elections, the Board of Elections responding, and the

0:16:43.840 --> 0:16:46.800
<v Speaker 1>vote and then the voter sending the ballot back. They

0:16:46.840 --> 0:16:49.880
<v Speaker 1>need to have three more days uh for votes to

0:16:49.880 --> 0:16:52.280
<v Speaker 1>be returned, and now that's being challenged. Both of these

0:16:52.280 --> 0:16:56.320
<v Speaker 1>actions are being challenged. The Republicans Pennsylvania have actually asked

0:16:56.320 --> 0:16:58.440
<v Speaker 1>the US have ben quick to hear this because it

0:16:58.520 --> 0:17:00.920
<v Speaker 1>was decided by the Pennsylvania's supreme courts. In the next

0:17:00.960 --> 0:17:03.560
<v Speaker 1>highest court would be the US Supreme Court. Supreme Court.

0:17:03.840 --> 0:17:08.080
<v Speaker 1>Republicans are challenging both of these as going beyond what

0:17:08.200 --> 0:17:12.720
<v Speaker 1>the legislature of Pennsylvania had authorized and therefore as unconstitutional

0:17:13.320 --> 0:17:16.119
<v Speaker 1>given the power of given what they claim is the

0:17:16.160 --> 0:17:20.000
<v Speaker 1>exclusive powerful legislature to set the rules for federal elections.

0:17:20.000 --> 0:17:21.440
<v Speaker 1>So that's going to be an important taste. If the

0:17:21.480 --> 0:17:23.840
<v Speaker 1>Supreme Court agrees to hear it, or agree or agrees

0:17:23.920 --> 0:17:28.120
<v Speaker 1>to stay the Pennsylvania Supreme Court decision, we will possibly

0:17:28.119 --> 0:17:31.480
<v Speaker 1>know that soon. That's Richards Brafault of Columbia Law School.

0:17:31.720 --> 0:17:34.840
<v Speaker 1>I'm June Grasso. Thanks so much for listening, and please

0:17:34.840 --> 0:17:37.080
<v Speaker 1>tune into The Bloomberg Law Show every week night at

0:17:37.080 --> 0:17:50.720
<v Speaker 1>tend m Eastern on Bloomberg Radio. Ye