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Speaker 1: Welcome to Creature, feature of production of I Heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: I'm your host of Many Parasites, Katie Golden. I studied

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Speaker 1: psychology and evolutionary biology, and I could be the hive

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Speaker 1: mind of a flock of super intelligent birds or just

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Speaker 1: a regular human girl. You decide today on the show.

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Speaker 1: It's Animal Crossing time, the Nintendo Switch game that has

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Speaker 1: infected everyone's brain like some kind of parasitoid wasp. In

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Speaker 1: the game, you create a village made of your animal friends,

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Speaker 1: and part of your journey includes collecting fish, bugs, and

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Speaker 1: fossils so you can hand them over to your good

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Speaker 1: pal Blathers, the museum curator owl. This game allows you

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Speaker 1: to get information from Blathers about various specimens and fossils.

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Speaker 1: Some of these facts sound beyond belief, but are they?

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Speaker 1: Today we'll be fact checking some Blathers facts about evolutionary biology.

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Speaker 1: Can goldfish grow bigger than a foot? Do they have

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Speaker 1: teeth in their throats? Can tarantulas shoot butt hair at you?

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Speaker 1: Discover this and more as we answer the angel question.

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Speaker 1: What is Blathers the owl hiding? So for those of

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Speaker 1: you haven't played Animal Crossing, it's a cute life simulation

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Speaker 1: game that has become one of the most popular video

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Speaker 1: games to play right now. You play as a person

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Speaker 1: trying to start up a quaint village, but Twist, all

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Speaker 1: the villagers are animals. Disclaimer here, I haven't actually played

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Speaker 1: the game because I can't get my plebeian hands on switch.

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Speaker 1: And also this is not an ad. Nintendo hasn't given

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Speaker 1: me a damn thing for this episode, but hey, if

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Speaker 1: you're from Nintendo and want to give me a switch,

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Speaker 1: I won't complain. I've been watching gameplay videos of it

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Speaker 1: because I love the fact that you get to be

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Speaker 1: a virtual evolutionary biologist or paleontologist discovering specimens and fossils,

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Speaker 1: and I was surprised to discover that the items you

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Speaker 1: can collect are nonfictional. The game does a pretty good

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Speaker 1: job of giving you real, fat acts about real life

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Speaker 1: evolutionary biology, but I did want to do a deep

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Speaker 1: dive to examine these facts to see if they're true

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Speaker 1: and to find even more surprising details that Bladers didn't

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Speaker 1: tell you. Joining me today are my friends actor writer

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Speaker 1: comedian Maggie may Fish and writer director Adam Ganzer, and

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Speaker 1: they both host a new comedy podcast called I'll Show

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Speaker 1: you mine if you show me yours. Welcome you, guys,

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Speaker 1: I thank you. I am so excited to talk to

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Speaker 1: you guys about Animal Crossing now. Full disclosure, I actually

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Speaker 1: haven't played it because I can't get my hands on

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Speaker 1: a switch. But I love the game. I've been watching

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Speaker 1: trying to live vicariously through other people who are playing it,

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Speaker 1: watching videos. Do you guys both play Animal Crossing? Absolutely?

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Speaker 1: In fact, our islands are currently uh in a in

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Speaker 1: a rebellion arrival Adam. Yeah, Adam is trying to slowly

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Speaker 1: take over my island. I've been planting items, I've been

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Speaker 1: doing leave behind on her island. Uh. But yeah, I've

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Speaker 1: played over forty hours of Animal Crossing KG. It's a

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Speaker 1: lot of it's a lot of crossing, and I've done that.

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Speaker 1: I can't take it back. I guess. One of my

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Speaker 1: favorite things about the game is the fact you can

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Speaker 1: collect specimens including fossils, bugs, and I guess fish, aquatic

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Speaker 1: animals and show them to a little owl named Blathers,

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Speaker 1: who will tell you Blathers facts about the things that

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Speaker 1: you are delivering to him, because he is starting a

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Speaker 1: museum and you are donating these items to the museum

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Speaker 1: and as I was watching these gameplay videos and getting

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Speaker 1: really into it, I was thinking, like, actually, these facts

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Speaker 1: sound mostly true, and I was really curious to explore

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Speaker 1: the Blathers facts and see how much of it is true,

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Speaker 1: if there's anything that could use further explanation. So I'm

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Speaker 1: really excited to do a deep dive, deep critique on Blathers.

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Speaker 1: And you know, maybe drag Blathers a little bit, but

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Speaker 1: not too much. I mean, he's a sleep half the

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Speaker 1: day that the museum is open. So if anyone's going

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Speaker 1: to be dragged to the Animal Crossing University, you know

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Speaker 1: it's probably the person sleeping on the job. Right. He's

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Speaker 1: also an academic, he can he can stand the critique, right.

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Speaker 1: This is pres just review her review. So in this

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Speaker 1: first part, I want to talk about the aquatic animals

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Speaker 1: that you can catch in the game and turn into Blathers.

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Speaker 1: So I love his enthusiasm for explaining all these facts.

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Speaker 1: It is adorable. And I'm going to try to do

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Speaker 1: a Blathers voice. I'm going to do some quotes from Flowers. Uh,

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Speaker 1: and let's see. I imagine him as being British, right,

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Speaker 1: because he says what you know, like, yeah, it's implying

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Speaker 1: he also, I think he's wearing a tie all the time,

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Speaker 1: if correctly, and an argyle sweater vests, so there's no

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Speaker 1: way he's not British. So when you turn a goldfish

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Speaker 1: into blathers, he says a bunch of stuff. But one

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Speaker 1: of the blathers facts, he says, is why they can

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Speaker 1: grow up to a foot in length. And so let's

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Speaker 1: look at whether this is true. So what do you

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Speaker 1: guys think about this blathers fact two or false? A

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Speaker 1: goldfish up to a foot? Can't they get can't they

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Speaker 1: get larger than that? Am I wrong? Adam? Dude, No,

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Speaker 1: no goldfish will survive that long in a ganzer home.

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Speaker 1: Uh so could you eat them? Is that? Well? Just

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Speaker 1: just you know, containers too small for their ambitions. I

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Speaker 1: guess I don't know. I'm gonna say this is false

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Speaker 1: because a foot seems impossible to me. So Maggie you're

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Speaker 1: saying they can grow bigger, and Adam you're saying that

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Speaker 1: there's no way they could grow up to a foot.

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Speaker 1: I'm going well, before I reveal all to you, first,

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Speaker 1: I want to talk about what exactly a goldfish is.

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Speaker 1: So there are many different varieties of goldfish. The most

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Speaker 1: iconic goldfish is the kerasas aratus, which is a freshwater

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Speaker 1: carp that was a result of selective breeding in ancient China.

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Speaker 1: And one myth about goldfish is that they are one

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Speaker 1: of the stupidest animals in the world. And while they're

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Speaker 1: certainly not the smartest, they are a lot smarter than

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Speaker 1: they're given credit for. They can you know, those saying

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Speaker 1: like having the memory of a goldfish, saying they have

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Speaker 1: like a three second memory. All that that is not true.

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Speaker 1: It's slander against the goldfish. And they can retain memories

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Speaker 1: for up to three months, and they can even recognize

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Speaker 1: their owners and learn not to be shy around them.

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Speaker 1: Some will even him up to you and beg for

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Speaker 1: food because they recognize that I had no idea. Wow,

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Speaker 1: so you can make you can get a friendly goldfish.

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Speaker 1: That's possible for that should be friendly, but you have

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Speaker 1: to work on that relationship. Yeah, yeah, I gotta I

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Speaker 1: gotta goldfish in college and it died. Uh within a day,

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Speaker 1: it died. Uh. It was really sad. I was really

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Speaker 1: messed up about it for the next It was shockingly

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Speaker 1: affected me. Um. I don't know if I was very

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Speaker 1: fragile at the time, or just like did you win

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Speaker 1: it in a carnival? How did you obtain it? What

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Speaker 1: we bought it from the past store? And like presumably

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Speaker 1: there was something you know wrong with it beforehand, because

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Speaker 1: I don't think you did anything wrong, but just seeing

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Speaker 1: him up ended the day after, you know, deciding to

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Speaker 1: get a pet with your roommate, it's a real judgment.

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Speaker 1: It's a real judgment. Yeah, yeah, yeah, I see. Maybe

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Speaker 1: that's why I see, Kagie. I'm gonna live different now.

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Speaker 1: I'm already I've already I already have things to repent of.

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna live different in light of this because every

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Speaker 1: goldfish I've ever had was forced on me, like by

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Speaker 1: a carnival or something. So I never thought of it

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Speaker 1: as like, oh, this is a real friend opportunity, right,

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Speaker 1: I thought of it is more like a like a

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Speaker 1: visually pleasing chore. I see, sort of a fishy responsibility, right.

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Speaker 1: And now I'm gonna live differently because I could I

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Speaker 1: could have a friendly goldfish, Maggie, that might happen. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you're changing lives, Katie, And I'm gonna about to blow

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Speaker 1: your minds with more goldfish facts. So it's interesting you

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Speaker 1: both are sort of correct about the goldfish. So, Adam

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Speaker 1: you mentioned you don't think they can get very large

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Speaker 1: in tanks, and Maggie you said you think they can

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Speaker 1: grow over a foot in length, and you are both correct,

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Speaker 1: although I guess I would say Maggie is more correct. Sorry, so,

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Speaker 1: but he keep score this at one point at um,

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Speaker 1: like I don't know, point three points. Uh yeah, in

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Speaker 1: tank environments, goldfish do not grow very large. And why

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Speaker 1: is this? Well, when I was a kid and I

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Speaker 1: heard this like, oh, goldfish can't grow because they're in

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Speaker 1: a tank, I thought there was some I guess awareness

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Speaker 1: of how big their tanks were, and like something in

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Speaker 1: their brain was like, well, we can't grow that big,

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Speaker 1: so we gotta we gotta stunt this growth. But that's

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Speaker 1: actually not really true. So goldfish can, like Blathers suggests,

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Speaker 1: grow up to a foot in length, and actually there

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Speaker 1: have been goldfish recorded that have been even longer. And

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Speaker 1: goldfish are actually indeterminate growers, not indeterminate showers. Sorry, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I am Adam. Did you know I'm Maggie's dad. Because

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Speaker 1: of all the dad jokes, I'll accept this fact because

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Speaker 1: I've already I need to I need to catch up

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Speaker 1: in points so point for atom from me. So indeterminate

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Speaker 1: grower means that they don't stop growing at adulthood and

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Speaker 1: they can keep growing basically as long as they're getting

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Speaker 1: the right resources, nutrition, and are healthy enough. Obviously, their

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Speaker 1: growth does slow down significantly once they're adults, so we

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Speaker 1: don't have like just infinitely large goldfish, but they can

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Speaker 1: in theory keep growing until they die. And in fish

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Speaker 1: bowls or small tanks, because the water quality is typically poor,

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Speaker 1: the goldfish growth is stunted. So it's actually not the

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Speaker 1: dimensions of the tank but the quality of the water.

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Speaker 1: And obviously when you have a smaller tank, it's almost

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Speaker 1: impossible to have enough water flow a good uh sort

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Speaker 1: of microbiome in the tank that is healthy enough for

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Speaker 1: the goldfish. So if you have a goldfish in a bowl,

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Speaker 1: it's not going to live very long and it's not

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Speaker 1: going to grow very big because a bowl is not

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Speaker 1: a great environment for a goldfish. If you have like

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Speaker 1: a a big old fish tank with a nice filter

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Speaker 1: and like, you know, twenty gallons or more, it might

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Speaker 1: live a little longer and grow a little bigger. If

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Speaker 1: you had a wall sized aquarium Maggie, and then like

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Speaker 1: all that was in it was like three goldfish that

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Speaker 1: are six ft long. Yeah, that would really crush you

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Speaker 1: would that would really crush. That would really crush you joke,

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Speaker 1: But I have thought of something like that, like get

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Speaker 1: just a huge tank and put like a one goldfish

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Speaker 1: in there and see how big I can get them. Well,

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Speaker 1: you know, I feel less bad that mine just uped

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Speaker 1: and died, you know, with when it because it was

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Speaker 1: a small tank that we bought. So yeah, yeah, I

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Speaker 1: feel a lot better about it. I still I want

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Speaker 1: to know more about this pet. I want to know

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Speaker 1: more about this journey to get a gold dish and

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Speaker 1: how that happens. But I don't want to distract from

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Speaker 1: the content of this podcast. You know. That's that's more

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Speaker 1: for for our podcast. To find out more about Maggie's

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Speaker 1: journey to get a goldfish, check out the podcast I'll

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Speaker 1: show you my goldfish if you show me your girlish. Well, so,

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Speaker 1: in ideal circumstances, their lifespan is a lot longer than

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Speaker 1: you might guess. They can live over ten years, and

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Speaker 1: one goldfish reached a record of living to forty three

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Speaker 1: years old, and that's you know, longer than Jesus, sorry

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Speaker 1: to say, long enough to buy a motorcycle and make

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Speaker 1: some different choices. You know, get that, get that midlife crisis,

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Speaker 1: get a tramp stamp, you know, get a new goldfish

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Speaker 1: wife like yeah, or hook up with a beta on

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Speaker 1: the side. Now we're imagining that, so onto the here's

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Speaker 1: the real the real meat of the issue, the goldfish

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Speaker 1: meat is how big these guys can get. So it's

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Speaker 1: hard to say what their actual maximum sizes, but what

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Speaker 1: we have on record is a nineteen inch goldfish or

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Speaker 1: cimeters so blathers they can grow over a foot in

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Speaker 1: length a m hmm. And if you guys check out,

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Speaker 1: I do have a photo in the notes of a

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Speaker 1: an eighteen inch goldfish, just so you get an idea

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Speaker 1: of how big big, what a big boy that is?

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Speaker 1: Oh my god, I thought that looks like a totally

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Speaker 1: different kind of fish, right, either a very tiny woman

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Speaker 1: or a very large goldfish. It looks like a red snapper.

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Speaker 1: And I only think that because of animal crossing, But

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Speaker 1: that's that's what it looks like. Well, what's interesting is

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Speaker 1: goldfish are actually a type of carp and carp, as

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Speaker 1: you may know, can get quite large. And speaking of carp, actually,

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Speaker 1: let's listen to another Blathers fact about carp. So here

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Speaker 1: we go getting into character as Blathers, Oh the corp.

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Speaker 1: Have you ever seen their teeth? For your sake, I

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Speaker 1: hope you have not. Carp have teeth in their throats,

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Speaker 1: strong enough to crunch on hard things like shes and fingers.

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Speaker 1: A good rule of thumb when dealing with other species

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Speaker 1: is to keep your fingers out of their mouths. Although

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Speaker 1: having neither thumbs nor fingers, I'm quite safe from this

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Speaker 1: little fellow. I appreciate all the bows you're doing at

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Speaker 1: the end too. I think you, Katy, You and Blathers

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Speaker 1: are very similar in the spirit essence. I do feel like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it is true, I need like more argyle sweaters. I

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Speaker 1: had one in college, kind of grew out of. But yeah,

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Speaker 1: I need a sweater vest to really fully embrace who

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Speaker 1: I am. So let's let's look at this claim, this

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Speaker 1: outrageous claim that Blathers is making that carp have teeth

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Speaker 1: in their throat. Doesn't seem like that would be real,

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Speaker 1: But let's go on a learning journey. They're like a

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Speaker 1: slack pit. Is that what you're telling me? Well, so first,

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Speaker 1: what are carp Obviously, goldfish are a species of carp

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Speaker 1: as our koi fish. Carp are a large family of

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Speaker 1: freshwater fish known as cyprin and a, and indeed, fish

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Speaker 1: that are in the carp family, including goldfish, do have

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Speaker 1: throat teeth. Just picture that for a minute. Let's let's

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Speaker 1: sink in. So do all fishes, including my family, our

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Speaker 1: throat tease. We all get them removed at age two. Yes,

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Speaker 1: sort of like getting your wisdom teeth out. It's the

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Speaker 1: throat teeth. Oh yeah, you kind of just choke it down.

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Speaker 1: And so scientifically speaking, these throat teeth are pharyngeal teeth,

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Speaker 1: and they are teeth that grow out of the pharyngeal

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Speaker 1: bone in the throat. So if you guys check out

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Speaker 1: the document, there is a picture of these throat teeth,

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Speaker 1: which is cool to look at. Oh I was thinking

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Speaker 1: like little spines or something. No, just teeth. That's a

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Speaker 1: whole set of jaws or something, but in the throat.

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Speaker 1: So it's not just carp that have throat teeth. There

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Speaker 1: are some species of fish who also have pharyngeal teeth,

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Speaker 1: like clown loaches, and they actually can make clicking noises

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Speaker 1: with the teeth, which is great. I don't know, I

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Speaker 1: love that that sounds just totally not creepy to hear

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Speaker 1: clicking and you look over and there's a clown loach

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Speaker 1: and it's clacking its throat teeth together. I feel like

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Speaker 1: that fish was doomed to be creepy. When it was

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Speaker 1: it's like, well, you know, it's it's fade sealed. It's

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Speaker 1: got that big clown energy, the creepy clown my throat

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Speaker 1: and then just laughter forever. So you might wonder why

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Speaker 1: fish have throat teeth? Why do you guys think fish

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Speaker 1: have throat teeth? I'm gonna go ahead and let the

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Speaker 1: point leader, uh, start off with this, start off answering

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Speaker 1: this one. Well, I know why we have throat teeth.

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna go ahead and let the point leader tell

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Speaker 1: us why that fact too. Well. I mean, like you know,

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Speaker 1: I birds, you know, have rocks in their in their

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Speaker 1: throats gizzards up food a gizzard, So uh is it

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Speaker 1: a is it a similar similar fashion? Is it? Like?

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Speaker 1: Is it like a cow's stomach where there's like just

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Speaker 1: phases of chewing. You are absolutely correct. The throat teeth

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Speaker 1: help them grind food as it passes through their throat.

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Speaker 1: And it's interesting you mentioned bird gizzards. We might actually

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Speaker 1: cover that later in the podcast, so look forward to that.

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Speaker 1: So I want to talk about one more fish, the bitterling,

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Speaker 1: which is a fish you can catch and give to

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Speaker 1: blothers in animal crossing. So here's Blathers on the bitterlings.

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Speaker 1: Bitterlings hide their eggs inside large bivalves like clams, where

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Speaker 1: the young can stay safe untail grown. The bitterling isn't sneaky, No,

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Speaker 1: they're young help keep the bivalve healthy by eating invading parasites.

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Speaker 1: It's a wonderful bit of evolutionary deal making, don't you think,

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Speaker 1: each one keeping the other safe? Though eating parasites does

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Speaker 1: not sound like a happy childhood. Is that why the

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Speaker 1: fish is so bitter? Dad? Again, Blothers is essentially me. Uh,

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Speaker 1: there's a lot of puns and animal crossing. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: this is why. God I need to get my hands,

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Speaker 1: my my grubby little hands on the switch. It's it's

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Speaker 1: like sold out everywhere though, So I am having some trouble,

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Speaker 1: but I will I will get it somehow, in some way.

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Speaker 1: You can't open a present or or collect a bug

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Speaker 1: without the game insisting on a pun like forcing forcing

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Speaker 1: upon down your God, I can only get so jealous.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, Katie, you should just like keep your eye

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Speaker 1: out for any balloons that kind of just are floating

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Speaker 1: by your house or whatever, just window. You never know.

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Speaker 1: So unfortunately, I do have to take my my dear

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Speaker 1: friend Blathers to task here because he is a little

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Speaker 1: off on this fact, although there are some really interesting

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Speaker 1: things about the bitterlings that he is correct about. So

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Speaker 1: first of all, bitterlings, again, we're talking carp on this show. God,

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Speaker 1: this is a real carpy show. So bitterlings are a

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Speaker 1: genus of fish in the car up family. They are

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Speaker 1: a small leaf shaped fish who only grow about four

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Speaker 1: inches or eleven centimeters. They do, indeed, lay their eggs

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Speaker 1: inside freshwater mollusks such as muscles. So it's a really

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Speaker 1: kind of twisted way of doing child rearing, sort of

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Speaker 1: outsourcing child rearing forcibly. So it's like alien it's like

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Speaker 1: alien rules. Yeah, yeah, Alien invaders exactly. Yeah. John Hurt

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Speaker 1: is a mollusk in this situation and maybe in the

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Speaker 1: movie too, may be true and a moss just just

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Speaker 1: so people know, like a mousque includes things like muscles clams,

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Speaker 1: those are bivalves. So the female will stick an ovipositor,

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Speaker 1: which is basically a long tube that you pump eggs

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Speaker 1: out of. Think of like a boba straw, but in reverse.

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Speaker 1: Don't think about that actually, but the they will kind

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Speaker 1: of get their ovipositor into the muscle or another freshwater

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Speaker 1: bivalve and deposit a couple of eggs into the muscle's gills,

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Speaker 1: and then a male will mosey on over and shoot

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Speaker 1: their sperm into the intake siphon of the muscle, which

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Speaker 1: then comes in fertilizes the eggs that are forced into

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Speaker 1: the gills of the muscle, and then those eggs will

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Speaker 1: develop into baby fish, which is cute. Like the CD

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Speaker 1: motel of the Animal Kingdom. Yeah, yep, if all sex

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Speaker 1: was conducted through air events, Yeah, that's like, which is

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Speaker 1: really how you have to do it in the age

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Speaker 1: of the quarantine anyway. Yeah, this is actually really good

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Speaker 1: social disc seeing mating advice, like just using a muscle

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Speaker 1: as a proxy my friends, O nore, Oh that didn't

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Speaker 1: do it for you. Meg's well to me, I'm like

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Speaker 1: picturing something, you know, like procreating in your ear and

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Speaker 1: then suddenly fall out. Momusk does remind you of a mouth,

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Speaker 1: by the way, it's like it's basically a tongue with

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Speaker 1: a shell on it. So it didn't he didn't take

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Speaker 1: like a clamshell and use it as a little puppet,

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Speaker 1: be like, hey, buddy, you're feeling crabby today, Well I'll

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Speaker 1: clam up. Yeck yeck chack yack jack. This is my

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Speaker 1: soft pitch to write for animal crossing. By the way,

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Speaker 1: I think I think you are instantly signed on. I think, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you would do amazing. That DLC is gonna be all yours.

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Speaker 1: So the baby fish also called fry also called larva,

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Speaker 1: which is decidedly a less cute name, so I'll keep

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Speaker 1: calling it a baby fish. They live inside the host

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Speaker 1: and leave when they've grown large enough. So I'm not

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Speaker 1: sure if Blathers is actually correct that bitterlings are in

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Speaker 1: a mutualistic relationship with the muscles. So mutualism is when

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Speaker 1: both species are in a symbiotic relationship in which they

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Speaker 1: both benefit. In this case, I'm pretty sure the bitter

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Speaker 1: lings are actually parasites. So a study published in two

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Speaker 1: thousand six in the Journal of Evolutionary Biology by right

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Speaker 1: yard at all found that the bitter ling is a

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Speaker 1: parasite to the muscle. The bitterling imposes costs on the

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Speaker 1: muscle and does not reciprocate any benefits to the muscle.

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Speaker 1: So it used to be thought that the muscle larva

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Speaker 1: would actually infect bitterling fish, so there was sort of

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Speaker 1: this trade off, like I'll infect you with my babies,

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Speaker 1: you infect me with your babies. But actually it was

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Speaker 1: found that the baby bitterlings are especially good at avoiding

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Speaker 1: getting infected by muscle larva. So it will cost the

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Speaker 1: bivalve precious oxygen and food because the baby fish are

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Speaker 1: inside the muscle sucking up all their oxygen, eating up

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Speaker 1: all their food, and it feeds on basically any bits

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Speaker 1: of organic matter that enters the bivalve. There's no evidence

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Speaker 1: that they exclusively feed on parasites. It's just whatever they

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Speaker 1: want to eat in there they eat. So yeah, they

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Speaker 1: they're just kind of freeloaders. Great, awesome do it? I

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Speaker 1: mean whatever, Like the system is against them, so you know,

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Speaker 1: whatever they have to do to make it work for

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Speaker 1: the Wait wait, wait are we are we taking the

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Speaker 1: side of the bitterlings, like they're like they're progressive protesters.

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Speaker 1: I mean, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know,

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Speaker 1: So Occupy, Occupy Muscle, Wall Street, Occupy Muscle. I'm I'm

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Speaker 1: a fish. You know, I'm biased. So her name is

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Speaker 1: Maggie May fish not not for like, it's not just

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00:25:01,040 --> 00:25:04,040
Speaker 1: a surname. She's a fish, don't. You guys can't. This

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00:25:04,119 --> 00:25:06,320
Speaker 1: is an audio medium, so you can't see. But she

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00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:10,880
Speaker 1: is actually a fish. Yeah, I got I got babies

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Speaker 1: cooking in a cooking in my scallops in the freezer.

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Speaker 1: Oh grass, I read a very weird mood today, you guys.

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Speaker 1: So this is great. This is also wonderful. The good

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Speaker 1: news in this story is that the bitterling babies are

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Speaker 1: safe from predators while they are inside of the muscle,

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Speaker 1: and they actually have to develop some interesting adaptations to

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Speaker 1: survive inside of a bi valve. So first they have

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Speaker 1: developed ways to anchor down amidst the flow of water

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Speaker 1: through the bi valve. Because like a bi valve has

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Speaker 1: an intakes siphon and an outtakes siphon where they pull

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00:25:51,440 --> 00:25:53,520
Speaker 1: in water and they push out water. So there's a

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Speaker 1: current inside of the bi valve. So the baby bitterling

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Speaker 1: has to kind of anchor itself down and and they

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Speaker 1: have like sometimes they have like spikes or like these

400
00:26:04,359 --> 00:26:08,040
Speaker 1: quote Mickey Mouse ears, these like protrusions on the side

401
00:26:08,040 --> 00:26:10,720
Speaker 1: of their heads that really helped them just like wedge

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Speaker 1: into the gills in the muscles, and it also they

403
00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:20,120
Speaker 1: just really sinister. They have like Mickey Mouse ear as well.

404
00:26:20,200 --> 00:26:23,840
Speaker 1: They I don't think it's too strong a word to say,

405
00:26:24,160 --> 00:26:31,959
Speaker 1: force themselves into an unwilling muscles mouth and in the

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00:26:32,160 --> 00:26:34,720
Speaker 1: of their it's not like in the it would be

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Speaker 1: like the equivalent of like a humans lungs. It's like

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00:26:37,560 --> 00:26:41,000
Speaker 1: in their gills. So it's like, I'm just gonna live

409
00:26:41,040 --> 00:26:44,600
Speaker 1: in your guilt, right, only you know it doesn't cutely

410
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Speaker 1: summon magic brooms to like do its tasks. And I

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Speaker 1: just I just formally retract my endorsement of these, uh

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Speaker 1: these fish. I was trying to tell you. I was like, bro,

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Speaker 1: I don't think this is the side you want to

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00:26:58,520 --> 00:27:02,960
Speaker 1: live these nester Mickey mouse fish. Well, let's let's try

415
00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:06,720
Speaker 1: to take the side of the mollusks. Now, so muscles

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00:27:06,800 --> 00:27:11,880
Speaker 1: are mollusks, but another mollusk is actually the squid. So

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Speaker 1: let's hear a blathers fact about squids. Many molluscs, like

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00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:21,320
Speaker 1: snails and clams, have shells, but the squid's body is

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00:27:21,359 --> 00:27:25,360
Speaker 1: almost completely soft. The exception is a long narrow bit

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Speaker 1: of hard material going through its main body, the last

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00:27:29,119 --> 00:27:32,680
Speaker 1: remnant of its shell. Of course, having a shell inside

422
00:27:32,760 --> 00:27:36,960
Speaker 1: is not the best practice. Perhaps they lost the owner's manure.

423
00:27:40,840 --> 00:27:44,920
Speaker 1: Keep expecting KG to just float away with an umbrella

424
00:27:46,640 --> 00:27:54,200
Speaker 1: help some other achieve their dreams. So Blathers is correct

425
00:27:54,359 --> 00:27:59,520
Speaker 1: that squid are mollusks and they are almost completely soft,

426
00:27:59,560 --> 00:28:03,000
Speaker 1: and squidh sheet. So let's talk about this whole thing

427
00:28:03,080 --> 00:28:07,240
Speaker 1: with squids and shells and what is what the heck

428
00:28:07,320 --> 00:28:11,080
Speaker 1: is going on? Why are clams a mollusk and squid

429
00:28:11,080 --> 00:28:15,840
Speaker 1: a mollusk but they are so different? How come come

430
00:28:19,800 --> 00:28:23,639
Speaker 1: I'm not this hypothetical question. I'm setting I'm setting myself

431
00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:27,159
Speaker 1: up to drop some some dank squid facts. Don't you worry?

432
00:28:28,800 --> 00:28:32,040
Speaker 1: I was gonna say it was like, that's far beyond

433
00:28:32,040 --> 00:28:37,320
Speaker 1: my pay grade as about blaster dang minds with squid facts. Sorry, kidney,

434
00:28:38,160 --> 00:28:41,920
Speaker 1: So squid do, indeed like blatherers, to just have a

435
00:28:41,960 --> 00:28:45,680
Speaker 1: remnant of a shell inside them. It's called a pin

436
00:28:46,440 --> 00:28:49,840
Speaker 1: and it is actually a leaf shaped structure made of

437
00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:54,000
Speaker 1: kiton that serves as a sort of backbone for the squid.

438
00:28:55,560 --> 00:28:58,520
Speaker 1: And I want to also talk about a relative of

439
00:28:58,560 --> 00:29:02,800
Speaker 1: the squid, the octopus us, because octopuses do not have

440
00:29:02,960 --> 00:29:07,800
Speaker 1: any internal shell. They are hard percent squishy, just they

441
00:29:07,800 --> 00:29:10,760
Speaker 1: can squeeze in and out of any tiny opening because

442
00:29:11,040 --> 00:29:14,040
Speaker 1: they don't got no bones, no shell, nothing, just a

443
00:29:14,120 --> 00:29:17,960
Speaker 1: hundred percent squish. That's how I like them. That's how

444
00:29:18,000 --> 00:29:23,680
Speaker 1: I like my tentacled creatures from the sea. I mean,

445
00:29:23,800 --> 00:29:27,080
Speaker 1: they're their beaks are tough like that's the only hard

446
00:29:27,160 --> 00:29:29,920
Speaker 1: part of them is their beaks. And they're resolved. They

447
00:29:29,920 --> 00:29:32,920
Speaker 1: do have a hard resolve, but their beaks and their resolve, Yeah,

448
00:29:33,120 --> 00:29:34,920
Speaker 1: they are resolved, that's true. You can see and you

449
00:29:34,960 --> 00:29:36,920
Speaker 1: can see an army of octopus is doing some real

450
00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:39,800
Speaker 1: damage down there. They have got together, yeah, if they ever,

451
00:29:39,880 --> 00:29:43,080
Speaker 1: they ever colluded. So we've actually talked about this on

452
00:29:43,120 --> 00:29:46,560
Speaker 1: the show before, on the episode on a Date with Nature.

453
00:29:46,960 --> 00:29:50,760
Speaker 1: But there is only one octopus that actually has a shell,

454
00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:55,040
Speaker 1: and it is the female argonaut octopus who has a

455
00:29:55,200 --> 00:29:59,320
Speaker 1: thin shell which is actually in a case, it looks

456
00:29:59,400 --> 00:30:02,040
Speaker 1: like a non the list shell and she floats around

457
00:30:02,040 --> 00:30:04,800
Speaker 1: in it and it helps protect her eggs and it

458
00:30:04,960 --> 00:30:08,880
Speaker 1: is quite spectacular looking. I forgot to put in image

459
00:30:08,880 --> 00:30:10,680
Speaker 1: of that, guys, but if you just google it, it's

460
00:30:10,720 --> 00:30:14,600
Speaker 1: really cool. Look at argonau octopus shell, it's very pretty.

461
00:30:15,040 --> 00:30:22,120
Speaker 1: Other than the argonaut octopus, octopuses do not have shells

462
00:30:22,240 --> 00:30:25,640
Speaker 1: and they have no internal shells. I want to talk

463
00:30:25,680 --> 00:30:30,200
Speaker 1: about why squid and octopuses and other cephalopods decided to

464
00:30:30,520 --> 00:30:33,920
Speaker 1: ditch the shell like is it as Blathers suggested that

465
00:30:33,960 --> 00:30:37,160
Speaker 1: they lost the owner's manual. Well, it's actually a little

466
00:30:37,200 --> 00:30:41,280
Speaker 1: more complex than that, sorry Blathers. When you look at

467
00:30:41,400 --> 00:30:46,640
Speaker 1: the evolutionary history of squid, octopuses, and cephalopods, there were

468
00:30:46,680 --> 00:30:50,240
Speaker 1: a lot of early iterations of the octopus and the squid.

469
00:30:50,440 --> 00:30:54,040
Speaker 1: They did have shells, but it was a trade off

470
00:30:54,280 --> 00:30:57,960
Speaker 1: between mobility and armor. So a shell gives you nice armor,

471
00:30:58,040 --> 00:31:00,880
Speaker 1: but it makes you a lot slower and less agile,

472
00:31:01,440 --> 00:31:06,160
Speaker 1: and it seemed that mobility one out in the evolutionary race.

473
00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:10,120
Speaker 1: Being able to move around quickly and nimbly allowed the

474
00:31:10,120 --> 00:31:14,440
Speaker 1: cephalopods to evade predators while still being able to catch prey.

475
00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:20,840
Speaker 1: Extinct cephalopods with shells died out because according to University

476
00:31:20,840 --> 00:31:25,400
Speaker 1: of Bristol paleo biologist Jacob Vinther quote, they couldn't keep

477
00:31:25,480 --> 00:31:27,680
Speaker 1: up with the new shell ass kids on the block.

478
00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:32,000
Speaker 1: I love it when biologists try to like use hip

479
00:31:32,080 --> 00:31:39,520
Speaker 1: lingo and they always quote something that style. It's it's

480
00:31:39,560 --> 00:31:43,640
Speaker 1: twenty nineteen or whereenever this article was written, and it's

481
00:31:43,680 --> 00:31:49,080
Speaker 1: like the new shellless kids on the block. It again,

482
00:31:49,160 --> 00:31:54,920
Speaker 1: brow these new, these new dank cephalopods are are straight

483
00:31:55,000 --> 00:32:00,360
Speaker 1: up naked yo. Mm hmmm. So there is writ those

484
00:32:00,400 --> 00:32:04,440
Speaker 1: manuals too. I think letter writing, letter writing gigs coming

485
00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:09,200
Speaker 1: out of this one for KG. So the nautilus is

486
00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:12,760
Speaker 1: actually the only living suffle pod that has a true

487
00:32:12,800 --> 00:32:17,840
Speaker 1: full shell, and it is it basically has remained unchanged

488
00:32:17,920 --> 00:32:21,200
Speaker 1: for hundreds of millions of years. So if you kind

489
00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:23,840
Speaker 1: of want an idea of how these early squid and

490
00:32:23,880 --> 00:32:28,440
Speaker 1: octopus relatives may have looked, you can look to the nautilus.

491
00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:32,400
Speaker 1: Some octopus is actually kind of split the difference between

492
00:32:32,440 --> 00:32:36,520
Speaker 1: being able to remain mobile and having armor. So the

493
00:32:36,680 --> 00:32:42,200
Speaker 1: coconut octopus will find discarded bivalve shells such as a clamshell,

494
00:32:42,680 --> 00:32:46,040
Speaker 1: and they'll carry it around and then close it around

495
00:32:46,040 --> 00:32:49,160
Speaker 1: itself to form a shelter when threatened. And they're called

496
00:32:49,200 --> 00:32:53,240
Speaker 1: coconut octopus because they also do the same thing with

497
00:32:53,320 --> 00:32:55,680
Speaker 1: coconut shells. So if you guys click on that link

498
00:32:55,720 --> 00:32:58,120
Speaker 1: I have highlighted here, you can take a look at

499
00:32:58,120 --> 00:33:00,479
Speaker 1: this in action. It is very cute. These things are

500
00:33:00,520 --> 00:33:03,680
Speaker 1: like Batman, like a utility belt of clamshells, and like

501
00:33:03,760 --> 00:33:06,560
Speaker 1: they get these new versions of shells that are slightly

502
00:33:06,600 --> 00:33:10,880
Speaker 1: more flexible but give more armor like Batman does every movie. Right,

503
00:33:10,960 --> 00:33:13,920
Speaker 1: they don't have superpowers, they just have the gear. They

504
00:33:13,960 --> 00:33:19,000
Speaker 1: have the gadgets. Is there anything in video games or like,

505
00:33:19,560 --> 00:33:22,600
Speaker 1: I guess like pop culture that is similar to that,

506
00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:25,880
Speaker 1: like something that carries around a shell and then hides

507
00:33:25,920 --> 00:33:28,160
Speaker 1: in it and pops out of it. Because I feel

508
00:33:28,200 --> 00:33:30,120
Speaker 1: like there is something, but it's on the tip of

509
00:33:30,120 --> 00:33:32,760
Speaker 1: my tongue. I can't think of what it is. What's

510
00:33:32,760 --> 00:33:37,240
Speaker 1: her face? From Pokemon Topeka? What's her name? Well, all

511
00:33:37,240 --> 00:33:41,800
Speaker 1: the Pokemon essentially are carried around in balls. Well that's

512
00:33:41,880 --> 00:33:51,720
Speaker 1: true enough. Also, like shamus Uh from what Metroid? No Metroid? No? Wait,

513
00:33:51,800 --> 00:34:02,080
Speaker 1: what metroid? Sammus from Shamus Shamush the Irish metroid got

514
00:34:02,320 --> 00:34:06,920
Speaker 1: got to deal with these gosh Day metroids. Oh those

515
00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:18,399
Speaker 1: and they are get me the marth ball. Why don't

516
00:34:18,400 --> 00:34:21,680
Speaker 1: we so often gravitate towards video games where progress can

517
00:34:21,719 --> 00:34:25,160
Speaker 1: be made. In Animal Crossing you build a village, and

518
00:34:25,280 --> 00:34:28,319
Speaker 1: other games you gain levels or powers, or armor or

519
00:34:28,360 --> 00:34:33,160
Speaker 1: in game currency. Is it escapism? Research data has indicated

520
00:34:33,239 --> 00:34:36,520
Speaker 1: it's not just a desire to escape reality, but to

521
00:34:36,640 --> 00:34:42,640
Speaker 1: fulfill certain psychological needs such as competency, autonomy, and into relatedness.

522
00:34:43,120 --> 00:34:46,640
Speaker 1: We like to feel accomplished at a task, and video

523
00:34:46,640 --> 00:34:49,560
Speaker 1: games makes it easy to press through a skill in

524
00:34:49,560 --> 00:34:53,040
Speaker 1: a very clear and quantitative way. We also like the

525
00:34:53,080 --> 00:34:56,160
Speaker 1: feeling of being in control of ourselves. I know that

526
00:34:56,160 --> 00:34:59,440
Speaker 1: when I'm gaming, I often find myself just jumping around,

527
00:34:59,520 --> 00:35:02,239
Speaker 1: jumping to things, just to see that I can, even

528
00:35:02,239 --> 00:35:04,120
Speaker 1: though it has nothing to do with the actual goal

529
00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:06,520
Speaker 1: of the game. I think it might just be my

530
00:35:06,600 --> 00:35:11,400
Speaker 1: mind feeling satisfaction and having control over my avatar. And

531
00:35:11,520 --> 00:35:13,480
Speaker 1: we also like to feel as if we have an

532
00:35:13,520 --> 00:35:16,439
Speaker 1: impact on our community. That's why there are so many

533
00:35:16,520 --> 00:35:19,600
Speaker 1: online games. One of the most popular features of Animal

534
00:35:19,680 --> 00:35:24,400
Speaker 1: Crossing is the online community elements. Getting these needs fulfilled

535
00:35:24,440 --> 00:35:27,759
Speaker 1: your games isn't necessarily negative. As long as you're also

536
00:35:27,800 --> 00:35:29,759
Speaker 1: trying to get them through other things in your life

537
00:35:29,800 --> 00:35:33,480
Speaker 1: as well. That is to say, take potty breaks your nerds.

538
00:35:33,800 --> 00:35:38,120
Speaker 1: When we return, we'll talk about one of Blathers favorite subjects,

539
00:35:38,400 --> 00:35:48,640
Speaker 1: bugs in animal crossing Blothers is let's say, I'm not

540
00:35:48,719 --> 00:35:51,800
Speaker 1: a huge fan of bugs. I'm not sure why, given

541
00:35:51,840 --> 00:35:55,560
Speaker 1: that he's an owl and Alice generally love to eat bugs.

542
00:35:56,000 --> 00:35:59,120
Speaker 1: But why are so many people afraid of these creepy crawley's.

543
00:35:59,520 --> 00:36:03,280
Speaker 1: While any insects are, in my opinion, beautiful and harmless,

544
00:36:03,320 --> 00:36:07,680
Speaker 1: even helpful, certain bug like creatures can in fact be dangerous.

545
00:36:07,960 --> 00:36:11,239
Speaker 1: A few spiders who aren't really bugs, but arachnets can

546
00:36:11,280 --> 00:36:14,880
Speaker 1: be venomous, and many other insects can sting, bite, or,

547
00:36:15,120 --> 00:36:18,200
Speaker 1: as we'll find out, launch their horrible butt hair at

548
00:36:18,239 --> 00:36:21,239
Speaker 1: you and give you a nasty rash. I don't think

549
00:36:21,280 --> 00:36:23,520
Speaker 1: this is a reason to hate our many legged friends,

550
00:36:23,520 --> 00:36:27,360
Speaker 1: but to admire their ingenuity, especially in the butt hair department,

551
00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:32,880
Speaker 1: which will now discuss the bug kingdom gets real varied

552
00:36:33,160 --> 00:36:36,960
Speaker 1: in what they accept in animal crossing. I believe snails

553
00:36:37,320 --> 00:36:46,200
Speaker 1: those are a mollusk, gastropod, terrestrial gastrocod stupid, They also

554
00:36:46,280 --> 00:36:48,719
Speaker 1: called like a hermit crab a bug, and I don't

555
00:36:48,760 --> 00:36:51,960
Speaker 1: think that's quite right, but you know whatever, bloss This

556
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:53,319
Speaker 1: is where I got a little I got a little

557
00:36:53,320 --> 00:36:55,319
Speaker 1: sass for Blathers on this. No, no no, no, I mean

558
00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:58,759
Speaker 1: I have sass for Blathers too, because he blothers is

559
00:36:59,000 --> 00:37:03,879
Speaker 1: very anti anti bug any time, very anti bug. Yeah,

560
00:37:03,920 --> 00:37:06,919
Speaker 1: every time you present him a bug, he freaks out,

561
00:37:07,000 --> 00:37:12,320
Speaker 1: has like panics, expresses his disdain for bugs while simultaneously

562
00:37:12,320 --> 00:37:14,879
Speaker 1: assuring you that he will give the bug a good home.

563
00:37:15,040 --> 00:37:18,759
Speaker 1: But he spends most of his time calling them horrid creatures.

564
00:37:18,760 --> 00:37:21,160
Speaker 1: So I don't know, Blathers, are you going to give

565
00:37:21,200 --> 00:37:25,320
Speaker 1: them a good home? Yeah? Also, like he eats bugs,

566
00:37:25,360 --> 00:37:28,840
Speaker 1: so like sweetie, that's an eating disorder, Like that's nothing

567
00:37:28,880 --> 00:37:35,319
Speaker 1: to joke about, right, Well, he guys, okay, he is

568
00:37:35,320 --> 00:37:39,840
Speaker 1: an owl, so he would be eating small vertebrates. You

569
00:37:39,960 --> 00:37:44,280
Speaker 1: think that that we're an animal crossing logic, my friend? People,

570
00:37:47,239 --> 00:37:50,600
Speaker 1: all right, but have you ever seen a mouse? Villager?

571
00:37:50,920 --> 00:37:54,480
Speaker 1: Isn't there isn't there a rat that there's there's mice

572
00:37:54,600 --> 00:37:57,640
Speaker 1: or something. Yeah, there's like I don't know if lately

573
00:37:58,200 --> 00:38:01,120
Speaker 1: did they ever go missing? I have not seen that

574
00:38:03,880 --> 00:38:06,680
Speaker 1: So I want to go over some of blathers facts

575
00:38:06,680 --> 00:38:09,680
Speaker 1: about what he calls bugs. They're not always bugs. So,

576
00:38:09,800 --> 00:38:14,080
Speaker 1: for instance, we're gonna talk about tarantulas, which are arachnids.

577
00:38:14,120 --> 00:38:18,880
Speaker 1: So he when he's delivering this, he is terrified because

578
00:38:18,920 --> 00:38:22,359
Speaker 1: he is very scared of them. But let's let's take

579
00:38:22,360 --> 00:38:25,240
Speaker 1: a listen to what Blathers has to say about tarantula's.

580
00:38:25,560 --> 00:38:29,399
Speaker 1: It is a fact tarantulas have barbed belly hair. These

581
00:38:29,480 --> 00:38:33,879
Speaker 1: awful erecteds loose their spiky, itchy hairs to protect them

582
00:38:33,880 --> 00:38:38,080
Speaker 1: from predators. But seeing how tarantulas prey on frogs, mice,

583
00:38:38,120 --> 00:38:43,600
Speaker 1: and even birds, one must ask who needs protecting from whom? Who? Who?

584
00:38:43,640 --> 00:38:50,240
Speaker 1: Indeed who? So Blathers is suggesting that tarantula have spiky,

585
00:38:50,360 --> 00:38:54,440
Speaker 1: itchy hair that they can shoot at predators to protect themselves,

586
00:38:54,560 --> 00:38:59,239
Speaker 1: which sounds totally made up, But this is very very true.

587
00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:04,920
Speaker 1: These spiky, itchy, barbed hairs are actually called rdicating hairs,

588
00:39:05,520 --> 00:39:10,280
Speaker 1: and they are found on tarantula's, some species of caterpillars,

589
00:39:10,320 --> 00:39:15,160
Speaker 1: and also even some species of plants. So rdicating hairs

590
00:39:15,280 --> 00:39:19,399
Speaker 1: grow on the tarantula's abdomen and it's usually like a

591
00:39:19,440 --> 00:39:22,720
Speaker 1: patch of distinct hair like you know, tarantulas are fuzzy

592
00:39:22,800 --> 00:39:26,040
Speaker 1: all over. Not all of those hairs are these rdicating hairs.

593
00:39:26,040 --> 00:39:28,439
Speaker 1: There's usually just like a little patch near the back

594
00:39:28,480 --> 00:39:31,399
Speaker 1: of their abdomen kind of looks like it's on their butt.

595
00:39:31,600 --> 00:39:34,399
Speaker 1: It's not their butt, but if it was a butt,

596
00:39:34,719 --> 00:39:38,640
Speaker 1: I guess that's where it would be. Yeah, I mean, yeah,

597
00:39:38,680 --> 00:39:43,040
Speaker 1: I'm fine saying that they're shooting their sharp hairs like

598
00:39:43,080 --> 00:39:46,320
Speaker 1: a blow dart out of theirs. I'm okay, I'm okay

599
00:39:46,320 --> 00:39:49,759
Speaker 1: saying that. Yeah, it's not like it's it's like if

600
00:39:49,760 --> 00:39:52,920
Speaker 1: you had like a hairy but like on the actual cheeks,

601
00:39:53,280 --> 00:39:56,719
Speaker 1: not like from the sorry to get crude, everybody, but

602
00:39:56,800 --> 00:39:59,480
Speaker 1: not from the behole, but like on top of the butt,

603
00:39:59,600 --> 00:40:03,080
Speaker 1: and you have harry Harry butt, and then you shoot

604
00:40:03,120 --> 00:40:07,480
Speaker 1: those hairs off in your enemy's face. Yeah, that that is.

605
00:40:07,680 --> 00:40:11,560
Speaker 1: That is what That is. A dart that you could

606
00:40:11,560 --> 00:40:14,319
Speaker 1: shoot out of the side of your butt cheek right

607
00:40:14,840 --> 00:40:19,520
Speaker 1: exactly like that. So the way they shoot these hairs

608
00:40:19,600 --> 00:40:22,680
Speaker 1: is they actually use their hind legs to kick off

609
00:40:22,840 --> 00:40:25,560
Speaker 1: the hairs, like as if like if you have a

610
00:40:25,600 --> 00:40:27,839
Speaker 1: stack of money and you're doing doing the flip thing

611
00:40:27,840 --> 00:40:30,040
Speaker 1: where you're just like you're just spreading the money out

612
00:40:30,080 --> 00:40:33,440
Speaker 1: with your hand, except instead of money, it's sharp hairs

613
00:40:33,520 --> 00:40:38,600
Speaker 1: that hurt and burn when they touch you. What a

614
00:40:38,760 --> 00:40:44,480
Speaker 1: nightmare creature. And if you guys take a look at

615
00:40:45,320 --> 00:40:48,319
Speaker 1: figure five. I didn't actually label these, but you know

616
00:40:48,680 --> 00:40:52,440
Speaker 1: it's on the document, you can see a trantula. It's

617
00:40:52,440 --> 00:40:56,239
Speaker 1: a conspicuous bald spot on its rear end. And that

618
00:40:56,400 --> 00:40:59,160
Speaker 1: is a bald patch that is a result of it

619
00:40:59,440 --> 00:41:03,160
Speaker 1: kicking off all of its urdicating hairs, which will only

620
00:41:03,200 --> 00:41:06,680
Speaker 1: regraw after it molts. So how many times does it

621
00:41:06,680 --> 00:41:10,719
Speaker 1: get to shoot it's prayer whatever with those dart hairs

622
00:41:10,760 --> 00:41:14,840
Speaker 1: a good number of times because it doesn't go I

623
00:41:14,840 --> 00:41:17,400
Speaker 1: don't think it goes bald like the first on the

624
00:41:17,440 --> 00:41:20,640
Speaker 1: first shot. You've gotta keep shooting it until you really

625
00:41:20,680 --> 00:41:24,640
Speaker 1: wear away that patch, and then when it molts, it'll

626
00:41:24,680 --> 00:41:26,680
Speaker 1: grow a new patch. So it's it's got a good

627
00:41:26,719 --> 00:41:28,680
Speaker 1: supply of butt hairs. So it's like a it's like

628
00:41:28,719 --> 00:41:37,120
Speaker 1: a paintball clip or something pretty much. Yeah, yeah, that

629
00:41:37,280 --> 00:41:41,040
Speaker 1: is the sound that tarantula's make when they are dusting

630
00:41:41,080 --> 00:41:43,919
Speaker 1: off their butt hairs at your face. Another things that

631
00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:48,600
Speaker 1: Blathers asserts is that tarantula's don't need protecting from anything,

632
00:41:48,880 --> 00:41:55,120
Speaker 1: and Blathers that's just anti tarantula bias, because tarantulas have

633
00:41:55,280 --> 00:41:58,640
Speaker 1: a lot to be afraid of, and it's something that

634
00:41:59,080 --> 00:42:03,440
Speaker 1: Blathers should know about, which is wasps. So actually Blathers

635
00:42:03,480 --> 00:42:06,160
Speaker 1: does have a lot to say about wasps. Have you

636
00:42:06,200 --> 00:42:10,439
Speaker 1: guys gotten stung by wasps? Much? I I intentionally got

637
00:42:10,440 --> 00:42:12,880
Speaker 1: stung by one just to keep my aesthetic of the

638
00:42:12,920 --> 00:42:16,600
Speaker 1: conqueror alive when I went to Maggie's Island the first time.

639
00:42:17,560 --> 00:42:19,880
Speaker 1: Oh you did you do that intentionally? I just figured

640
00:42:19,920 --> 00:42:24,920
Speaker 1: that I was having a bad time. Yeah, having a

641
00:42:24,960 --> 00:42:28,160
Speaker 1: bad time. It's fine either way. It added to the

642
00:42:28,200 --> 00:42:32,680
Speaker 1: conqueror asthetic, did it not? Now I caught I caught

643
00:42:32,680 --> 00:42:35,080
Speaker 1: five wasps in a row the other day. So you're

644
00:42:35,080 --> 00:42:38,240
Speaker 1: talking to uh, you're talking to a wasp a wasp

645
00:42:38,360 --> 00:42:40,400
Speaker 1: expert over here. You really are. I'm gonna tell you what.

646
00:42:40,440 --> 00:42:42,680
Speaker 1: The trancelors don't have to fear, and that's me with

647
00:42:42,719 --> 00:42:44,840
Speaker 1: a net because I cannot catch one of them no

648
00:42:44,880 --> 00:42:47,520
Speaker 1: matter what I do. They're they're having a party in

649
00:42:47,560 --> 00:42:50,959
Speaker 1: a parade when they see me coming. So in the game,

650
00:42:51,160 --> 00:42:53,839
Speaker 1: if you are unlucky or lucky. I guess if you're

651
00:42:53,880 --> 00:42:56,320
Speaker 1: at um, if you try to chop down a tree,

652
00:42:56,440 --> 00:43:00,640
Speaker 1: sometimes you accidentally run into a wasp us and the

653
00:43:00,719 --> 00:43:03,399
Speaker 1: wasps will attack you and your face gets all beat

654
00:43:03,480 --> 00:43:06,759
Speaker 1: up and it's a whole thing. This is what Blathers

655
00:43:06,760 --> 00:43:10,920
Speaker 1: has to say if you turn a wasp into his museum.

656
00:43:11,080 --> 00:43:16,319
Speaker 1: Wasps are sometimes called meat bees because they eat meat,

657
00:43:16,480 --> 00:43:20,560
Speaker 1: meat of almost any sort. And then Blathers gets really

658
00:43:20,600 --> 00:43:25,560
Speaker 1: nervous starts sweating aggressive predators with venomous stings. Wasps not

659
00:43:25,640 --> 00:43:29,440
Speaker 1: only hunt and eat other insects, they paralyze their prey.

660
00:43:29,800 --> 00:43:33,399
Speaker 1: Didn't drag their victims home alive, leaving them for their

661
00:43:33,480 --> 00:43:40,520
Speaker 1: larva to feed upon. So this again seems beyond belief,

662
00:43:40,880 --> 00:43:47,400
Speaker 1: and again Blathers is totally correct. So wasps do eat meat,

663
00:43:47,880 --> 00:43:53,239
Speaker 1: and they are I would say, maybe one of the

664
00:43:53,280 --> 00:43:59,280
Speaker 1: most insidious insects out there. They are. They're pretty creepy.

665
00:43:59,400 --> 00:44:03,719
Speaker 1: They're they're like the serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer's of the

666
00:44:03,800 --> 00:44:12,040
Speaker 1: insect world. Yeah, yeah, something about them, the kind of

667
00:44:12,080 --> 00:44:15,400
Speaker 1: their jib, just something about it. So, wasps are a

668
00:44:15,440 --> 00:44:20,320
Speaker 1: group of insects within the Hymenoptera order, which includes bees, ants,

669
00:44:20,400 --> 00:44:25,360
Speaker 1: and soft flies. There are both solitary wasps and social

670
00:44:25,400 --> 00:44:30,040
Speaker 1: wasps who form group nests. So in animal crossing, because

671
00:44:30,080 --> 00:44:33,040
Speaker 1: you get into a swarm of wasps that I'll attack you,

672
00:44:33,120 --> 00:44:36,200
Speaker 1: those would be the social wasps. Whereas if you come

673
00:44:36,239 --> 00:44:40,320
Speaker 1: across like one solitary wasp with its own little din,

674
00:44:40,480 --> 00:44:43,120
Speaker 1: that is, you know, going to be a solitary wasp.

675
00:44:43,800 --> 00:44:48,240
Speaker 1: Some species of wasps do indeed paralyze their prey, drag

676
00:44:48,320 --> 00:44:51,920
Speaker 1: them into their dens for their larva to slowly consume,

677
00:44:52,360 --> 00:44:58,279
Speaker 1: sometimes over many weeks. So just when they paralyze their prey,

678
00:44:58,800 --> 00:45:00,960
Speaker 1: when are they dead? At what point is the prey

679
00:45:01,000 --> 00:45:04,600
Speaker 1: actually dead? I mean that's a hard question to answer

680
00:45:04,760 --> 00:45:07,399
Speaker 1: because they get eaten up over a long period of time.

681
00:45:07,440 --> 00:45:09,600
Speaker 1: I mean, like, how would you like if you have

682
00:45:09,719 --> 00:45:13,719
Speaker 1: leftovers at one point? Are the leftovers dead? Uh, they're

683
00:45:13,760 --> 00:45:16,920
Speaker 1: dead at the point in which I cooked them. But

684
00:45:16,920 --> 00:45:20,080
Speaker 1: but but like, is this like Starlac again? Is this

685
00:45:20,160 --> 00:45:24,200
Speaker 1: Starlac rules where it's like they're slowly subjected to pain

686
00:45:24,320 --> 00:45:27,560
Speaker 1: and torture over a thousand years? Is it like that? Basically?

687
00:45:27,680 --> 00:45:32,120
Speaker 1: But usually only up to around a month? Only a month,

688
00:45:32,800 --> 00:45:34,680
Speaker 1: but in bug time, that's a millennia. You know what

689
00:45:34,719 --> 00:45:37,440
Speaker 1: I mean, that's true. That is true. It's like a

690
00:45:37,719 --> 00:45:41,440
Speaker 1: billion years in bug time. So the spider wasp and

691
00:45:41,520 --> 00:45:46,120
Speaker 1: tarantula hawk wasp are pros at this. So Blathers was

692
00:45:46,440 --> 00:45:49,600
Speaker 1: just saying that tarantulas have nothing to fear, but he

693
00:45:49,640 --> 00:45:54,279
Speaker 1: knows about wasps and wasps. Wasps can subject tarantulas to

694
00:45:54,480 --> 00:46:00,359
Speaker 1: the most horrific fate imaginable, imaginable for any creature. So

695
00:46:01,400 --> 00:46:05,880
Speaker 1: wasps who lay their larva on or in a victim

696
00:46:06,160 --> 00:46:10,719
Speaker 1: to be slowly eaten are called parasitoid wasps because their

697
00:46:10,800 --> 00:46:15,480
Speaker 1: larva live as parasites on their victims. Some species of

698
00:46:15,600 --> 00:46:20,840
Speaker 1: parasitoid wasp larva saved the spider's vital organs for the

699
00:46:21,120 --> 00:46:26,120
Speaker 1: very last so their food lives and stays fresher longer. Maggie,

700
00:46:26,160 --> 00:46:31,040
Speaker 1: you've sounded weirdly interested in that. Yeah, I mean, that's

701
00:46:31,440 --> 00:46:33,399
Speaker 1: that's what I do with my lucky charms. I leave

702
00:46:33,440 --> 00:46:36,200
Speaker 1: all the marshmallows to the end, and I just feel

703
00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:41,480
Speaker 1: like I get it. Just imagine the luxy charms are

704
00:46:41,360 --> 00:46:46,839
Speaker 1: actual lives. Then you realize how maniacal that is. In

705
00:46:46,840 --> 00:46:51,040
Speaker 1: this case, the lucky charms are the tarantula's lungs, another

706
00:46:51,200 --> 00:46:57,560
Speaker 1: vital organs. Yeah. Whatever, however, you can empathize with these wasps,

707
00:46:58,080 --> 00:47:03,959
Speaker 1: I guess. So. Some harrisitoid wasps even control their praise brains.

708
00:47:04,400 --> 00:47:08,680
Speaker 1: They will lay their larva on or in orb weaver spiders.

709
00:47:09,160 --> 00:47:11,880
Speaker 1: So orb weavers are a group of spiders that we

710
00:47:11,920 --> 00:47:16,160
Speaker 1: have these beautiful, elaborate webs. But when the wasp lays

711
00:47:16,239 --> 00:47:20,759
Speaker 1: her eggs in the orb spider, either like inside them

712
00:47:20,840 --> 00:47:23,440
Speaker 1: or on top of them, the wasp larva actually starts

713
00:47:23,440 --> 00:47:27,720
Speaker 1: to interfere with the spider's brain functioning, and it makes

714
00:47:27,760 --> 00:47:32,320
Speaker 1: them weave these little cocoons that keep the larva safe,

715
00:47:32,440 --> 00:47:35,680
Speaker 1: and then as thanks, I guess for weaving it a

716
00:47:35,719 --> 00:47:39,000
Speaker 1: little crib, the larva feed on the poor spider and

717
00:47:39,040 --> 00:47:42,520
Speaker 1: then eventually just kind of like chucks its dead body

718
00:47:42,680 --> 00:47:53,840
Speaker 1: out of the crib. Truly truly dark, dark dark in

719
00:47:53,880 --> 00:47:59,080
Speaker 1: a profound way. I feel like I'm just making Blathers

720
00:47:59,160 --> 00:48:02,960
Speaker 1: case more for why he hates he hates bugs. But

721
00:48:03,480 --> 00:48:08,840
Speaker 1: I think it's I think it's cool they kill their babysitters.

722
00:48:09,920 --> 00:48:13,279
Speaker 1: I'll say that on the record. Put me down in

723
00:48:13,360 --> 00:48:17,160
Speaker 1: the pro column on that issue. Next, I want to

724
00:48:17,160 --> 00:48:21,040
Speaker 1: talk about mantis is because Blathers has a lot to

725
00:48:21,120 --> 00:48:25,360
Speaker 1: say about mantis is So if you turn a mantis

726
00:48:25,480 --> 00:48:29,279
Speaker 1: into Blathers, this is what he has to say. And

727
00:48:29,360 --> 00:48:33,600
Speaker 1: though mantises tend to eat bugs and spiders, mantises have

728
00:48:33,719 --> 00:48:37,160
Speaker 1: been known to dine on small animals too. And those

729
00:48:37,200 --> 00:48:40,560
Speaker 1: eerie eyes, Oh my, did you know it has five

730
00:48:40,640 --> 00:48:44,000
Speaker 1: of them? Two big ones and three small. I shall

731
00:48:44,040 --> 00:48:48,640
Speaker 1: faint if I think of it further. So again Blathers

732
00:48:48,800 --> 00:48:53,480
Speaker 1: is correct about this. So mantises are adept killers, and

733
00:48:53,719 --> 00:48:59,160
Speaker 1: larger species are able to feed on small vertebrates like frogs, lizards, snake,

734
00:48:59,360 --> 00:49:04,160
Speaker 1: mice and even hummingbirds. It's one of those shocking things

735
00:49:04,200 --> 00:49:08,080
Speaker 1: to see this insect just grab a hummingbird out of

736
00:49:08,120 --> 00:49:12,040
Speaker 1: midair and start snacking on it. Yeah, I've never seen that?

737
00:49:12,280 --> 00:49:14,040
Speaker 1: Is this? Am I just missing? Am I watching the

738
00:49:14,040 --> 00:49:18,880
Speaker 1: wrong planet? Earth? Is there like a dark one planet?

739
00:49:19,400 --> 00:49:21,880
Speaker 1: Is it like Planet Earth Nights or something like? Just

740
00:49:22,080 --> 00:49:29,480
Speaker 1: like a dark planet Earth? Vice after dark? David Attenborough

741
00:49:29,520 --> 00:49:32,520
Speaker 1: just really let's loose. He's like, he's like got a

742
00:49:32,560 --> 00:49:37,520
Speaker 1: giant bong. He's like, check out these montases. Three fists

743
00:49:37,520 --> 00:49:40,960
Speaker 1: the jack to start, but I was ready to go.

744
00:49:41,400 --> 00:49:45,120
Speaker 1: I think they have a real intimidating aura, real cursed

745
00:49:45,120 --> 00:49:50,680
Speaker 1: oura going on, because they have those long, scythe like arms,

746
00:49:50,920 --> 00:49:53,759
Speaker 1: they are really quick when they strike, and they have

747
00:49:53,920 --> 00:49:58,000
Speaker 1: these big, creepy eyes that seem to follow you everywhere.

748
00:49:58,520 --> 00:50:02,440
Speaker 1: So they're are multiple species of mantis is who can

749
00:50:02,560 --> 00:50:07,040
Speaker 1: feed on hummingbirds. And these are females that can grow

750
00:50:07,200 --> 00:50:11,279
Speaker 1: around two to three inches long. And these females were

751
00:50:11,320 --> 00:50:15,880
Speaker 1: observed mating and snatching hummingbirds out of midair like a

752
00:50:15,960 --> 00:50:22,560
Speaker 1: real boss martch like doing them simultaneously. Yeah. Yeah, it

753
00:50:22,640 --> 00:50:26,240
Speaker 1: sounds like that episode of Seinfeld where George like combines

754
00:50:26,320 --> 00:50:30,399
Speaker 1: all of his passions into one strange super passion. That's

755
00:50:31,800 --> 00:50:36,399
Speaker 1: exactly that is that. Yep, they are the George Seinfeld's wait,

756
00:50:36,560 --> 00:50:40,720
Speaker 1: his name is not George Steinfeld, the George will Stands

757
00:50:40,920 --> 00:50:43,920
Speaker 1: of the natural world. Yeah, it's like a real Caligula

758
00:50:43,960 --> 00:50:49,240
Speaker 1: opulation operation over there in Mantisville. So, like Blathers said,

759
00:50:49,520 --> 00:50:53,719
Speaker 1: mantises do indeed have five eyes, even though if you've

760
00:50:53,719 --> 00:50:56,480
Speaker 1: ever seen a mantis, it looks like they only have two.

761
00:50:57,080 --> 00:51:01,000
Speaker 1: So the two eyes you've probably noticed are their large

762
00:51:01,120 --> 00:51:05,080
Speaker 1: compound eyes. But in addition, they have three tiny eyes

763
00:51:05,120 --> 00:51:08,319
Speaker 1: on the top of their heads used for detecting light

764
00:51:08,440 --> 00:51:11,759
Speaker 1: and dark, while those big compound eyes are able to

765
00:51:11,800 --> 00:51:15,320
Speaker 1: see depth and movement, which allows them to snatch hummingbirds

766
00:51:15,360 --> 00:51:18,719
Speaker 1: out of the freaking air. And so it's it's it's

767
00:51:18,760 --> 00:51:21,719
Speaker 1: just kind of one of those things where I've when

768
00:51:21,760 --> 00:51:25,040
Speaker 1: I think of a mantis, I think, yeah, two eyed mantis.

769
00:51:25,200 --> 00:51:27,640
Speaker 1: Then they just have a bunch of secret extra eyes

770
00:51:27,960 --> 00:51:32,240
Speaker 1: that apparently a dedicated to grabbing hummingbirds. They're like bilbill

771
00:51:32,239 --> 00:51:36,080
Speaker 1: trying to get the ring back right, hummingbirds out of

772
00:51:36,080 --> 00:51:40,040
Speaker 1: the air. I just love I love a secret eye.

773
00:51:40,080 --> 00:51:42,600
Speaker 1: Like you thought I only had two eyes. I got

774
00:51:42,640 --> 00:51:48,759
Speaker 1: a secret eye. Where is it? So many eyes? It's

775
00:51:48,800 --> 00:51:51,800
Speaker 1: like under my under my hairline, part my hair, and

776
00:51:51,840 --> 00:51:54,520
Speaker 1: there's an eyeball right next to the throat toeth there's

777
00:51:54,560 --> 00:51:59,160
Speaker 1: some there, got secret teeth. I got secret eyes. What

778
00:51:59,280 --> 00:52:01,760
Speaker 1: else do I have a secret thing of? That's really

779
00:52:01,800 --> 00:52:04,360
Speaker 1: That's really it. It's I kind of want all these things.

780
00:52:04,400 --> 00:52:06,759
Speaker 1: I just want all these parts added, you know, I

781
00:52:06,840 --> 00:52:08,960
Speaker 1: want to get a souped up package. I got a

782
00:52:09,040 --> 00:52:16,400
Speaker 1: secret finger somewhere. Yeah. The mantis is compound eyes are

783
00:52:16,400 --> 00:52:21,000
Speaker 1: actually really interesting too. When you've if you've seen a mantis.

784
00:52:21,080 --> 00:52:24,120
Speaker 1: It looks like they have pupils, right. Have you guys

785
00:52:24,160 --> 00:52:27,760
Speaker 1: noticed that just right in the center. Yeah, yeah, always

786
00:52:27,840 --> 00:52:31,839
Speaker 1: kind of following you around. Yeah yeah, I feel well.

787
00:52:31,920 --> 00:52:36,360
Speaker 1: So these are actually pseudo pupils. So light is absorbed

788
00:52:36,440 --> 00:52:40,000
Speaker 1: into the compound eye due to the angle of you know,

789
00:52:40,080 --> 00:52:42,200
Speaker 1: like what a compound is eye is you have like

790
00:52:42,440 --> 00:52:46,319
Speaker 1: this bunch of facets all over this eye, and so

791
00:52:46,400 --> 00:52:49,400
Speaker 1: when light goes in, it's entering it at this angle

792
00:52:49,960 --> 00:52:53,680
Speaker 1: and it absorbs the light in. So there's a dark

793
00:52:53,760 --> 00:52:56,640
Speaker 1: spot that is actually kind of an optical illusion that

794
00:52:56,719 --> 00:53:00,480
Speaker 1: looks like a pupil, but really it's where the is

795
00:53:00,640 --> 00:53:03,959
Speaker 1: getting absorbed by the compound I So there's a lack

796
00:53:04,000 --> 00:53:05,719
Speaker 1: of light there. It's kind of like you know how

797
00:53:05,760 --> 00:53:08,200
Speaker 1: a shiny ball will have that highlight on it that

798
00:53:08,239 --> 00:53:10,640
Speaker 1: seems to follow you around when you move the ball.

799
00:53:11,360 --> 00:53:14,279
Speaker 1: It's like that, except instead of reflecting the light back

800
00:53:14,320 --> 00:53:17,600
Speaker 1: at you, it's absorbing all the lightning like a black hole.

801
00:53:18,440 --> 00:53:20,640
Speaker 1: It's stealing the light from the world, is what's what

802
00:53:20,680 --> 00:53:24,400
Speaker 1: you're telling me? Yes, this is true. Their eyes are

803
00:53:24,480 --> 00:53:28,600
Speaker 1: drinking light. So what a what a cool creature sucking

804
00:53:28,640 --> 00:53:32,080
Speaker 1: the light out of the world. The magnificent mantis a

805
00:53:32,160 --> 00:53:40,840
Speaker 1: noble creature. How do compound eyes work? Arthur pods, insects

806
00:53:40,920 --> 00:53:45,279
Speaker 1: and crustaceans have compound eyes, and I made of a

807
00:53:45,320 --> 00:53:49,120
Speaker 1: bunch of tiny light sensing units. Each facet of a

808
00:53:49,160 --> 00:53:53,760
Speaker 1: compound eye consists of a cornia lens and photoreceptor cells.

809
00:53:54,440 --> 00:53:57,839
Speaker 1: These facets are called ama titia. There can be as

810
00:53:57,920 --> 00:54:01,120
Speaker 1: few as five alma titia to up to thirty thousand,

811
00:54:01,320 --> 00:54:05,759
Speaker 1: depending on the animal. Mantises have about ten thousand amatidia.

812
00:54:06,280 --> 00:54:09,640
Speaker 1: Each of these photoreceptive units send a little piece of

813
00:54:09,680 --> 00:54:13,360
Speaker 1: a visual puzzle to the brain, which the brain assembles

814
00:54:13,360 --> 00:54:17,520
Speaker 1: into a whole image. The resulting image will have bad resolution,

815
00:54:17,920 --> 00:54:20,319
Speaker 1: but the benefit is that it gives the insect a

816
00:54:20,480 --> 00:54:24,480
Speaker 1: huge view angle, allowing them to detect danger or prey

817
00:54:24,600 --> 00:54:27,319
Speaker 1: all around them. Think of how hard it is to

818
00:54:27,320 --> 00:54:29,680
Speaker 1: sneak up on a fly and swatt it. They have

819
00:54:29,800 --> 00:54:33,040
Speaker 1: an imax panoramic view around them, and they can see

820
00:54:33,040 --> 00:54:36,280
Speaker 1: you trying to be slick with your swater. When we return,

821
00:54:36,400 --> 00:54:40,720
Speaker 1: I promise you'll understand this stupid joke. What's a fly's

822
00:54:40,760 --> 00:54:46,880
Speaker 1: favorite fossil? A cobra lighte. This paleontology humor everyone's favorite

823
00:54:46,960 --> 00:54:58,439
Speaker 1: kind will be right back. How are fossils formed? There

824
00:54:58,440 --> 00:55:01,279
Speaker 1: are actually a few ways that organic matter can be

825
00:55:01,320 --> 00:55:05,480
Speaker 1: preserved into a fossil. There's cast fossils, where a specimen

826
00:55:05,520 --> 00:55:09,040
Speaker 1: gets trapped in sediment and their bodies dissolve, leaving an

827
00:55:09,040 --> 00:55:12,920
Speaker 1: impression in the rock that forms around them, or the inverse,

828
00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:16,160
Speaker 1: where a sediment gets trapped in a skull shell or

829
00:55:16,200 --> 00:55:20,480
Speaker 1: other hollow part of an organism and forms an internal mold.

830
00:55:21,000 --> 00:55:25,440
Speaker 1: There's also per mineralization, when an organism gets varied in

831
00:55:25,520 --> 00:55:30,399
Speaker 1: sediment before it decays, groundwater can fill their empty body cavities.

832
00:55:30,800 --> 00:55:34,360
Speaker 1: This groundwater is full of minerals, which then fills the

833
00:55:34,440 --> 00:55:38,759
Speaker 1: empty space, forming a fossil. Pair mineralization can be so

834
00:55:38,880 --> 00:55:43,560
Speaker 1: precise it can preserve the cellular structure of plants. Pair

835
00:55:43,640 --> 00:55:47,720
Speaker 1: mineralization is one of the processes that results in petrification,

836
00:55:48,120 --> 00:55:54,000
Speaker 1: the transformation of organic material into minerals. Sometimes surprising types

837
00:55:54,080 --> 00:55:57,879
Speaker 1: of organic material can be turned into stone. And that's

838
00:55:57,920 --> 00:56:01,680
Speaker 1: why I've got you round trip ticket to defecation station

839
00:56:02,080 --> 00:56:07,799
Speaker 1: to all aboard the excrement Express. You guys find many

840
00:56:07,840 --> 00:56:12,719
Speaker 1: fossils in animal crossing at least four a day, sometimes

841
00:56:12,760 --> 00:56:15,360
Speaker 1: five is there a fifth one. Sometimes I thought it

842
00:56:15,400 --> 00:56:19,120
Speaker 1: was always four. I don't know. I think I find five,

843
00:56:19,200 --> 00:56:22,320
Speaker 1: but maybe I'm wrong, or maybe in a better island,

844
00:56:22,320 --> 00:56:27,160
Speaker 1: I knew your island conquer I gotta conquer it, your

845
00:56:27,200 --> 00:56:30,759
Speaker 1: fossil rich island. I see, I see why Adams trying

846
00:56:30,800 --> 00:56:32,600
Speaker 1: to conquer your island. Now, as soon as I get

847
00:56:32,640 --> 00:56:39,040
Speaker 1: a switch, Katie's coming for your fossils, especially your copper lights.

848
00:56:39,520 --> 00:56:42,600
Speaker 1: So I'm going to talk a little bit about copper lights.

849
00:56:43,160 --> 00:56:47,200
Speaker 1: So when you bring a copper light to Blathers, this

850
00:56:47,280 --> 00:56:50,960
Speaker 1: is what he says. Copper lights are, in fact, bits

851
00:56:50,960 --> 00:56:55,800
Speaker 1: of fossilized feces. Who you The copper light from certain

852
00:56:55,840 --> 00:56:59,800
Speaker 1: plant eating dinosaurs has been found to contain small pebble.

853
00:57:00,520 --> 00:57:04,280
Speaker 1: This tells us that these dinosaurs, like many modern birds,

854
00:57:04,719 --> 00:57:08,280
Speaker 1: ate rocks to help grind their greens in their bellies.

855
00:57:08,480 --> 00:57:13,880
Speaker 1: Who knew? Who? Who? Who? Indeed, you're really taken, You

856
00:57:13,960 --> 00:57:16,560
Speaker 1: really taken to the character. I think. Thank you. This

857
00:57:16,640 --> 00:57:21,000
Speaker 1: is also my audition audition tape for Animal Crossing, the

858
00:57:21,120 --> 00:57:24,800
Speaker 1: live action motion capture film movie. If you think that

859
00:57:26,560 --> 00:57:31,120
Speaker 1: you're you're mistaken, it's happening. Just trust me. Directed by

860
00:57:31,160 --> 00:57:35,720
Speaker 1: Tom Hooper. Oh yeah, oh, it's a musical. I just

861
00:57:35,760 --> 00:57:39,720
Speaker 1: hope it's like human faces on animals is my dream. Yeah,

862
00:57:40,160 --> 00:57:43,760
Speaker 1: it's it's it's very cats the musical. But I actually

863
00:57:43,840 --> 00:57:47,919
Speaker 1: I still hope that they talk in animal crossing. That's

864
00:57:47,920 --> 00:57:56,160
Speaker 1: sort of like weird weird speech that probably yeah, speak faces.

865
00:57:56,440 --> 00:57:59,640
Speaker 1: I want my my human face on an owl. And

866
00:58:00,000 --> 00:58:04,640
Speaker 1: I'm just going like that's a that's a movie. It's

867
00:58:04,640 --> 00:58:10,840
Speaker 1: like it's like it's like Koyana Scottsie. So, copper lights

868
00:58:10,920 --> 00:58:15,440
Speaker 1: are indeed fossilized poop. Don't be too afraid to touch

869
00:58:15,520 --> 00:58:19,640
Speaker 1: copper lights. Like most fossils, most of the poop has

870
00:58:19,680 --> 00:58:22,920
Speaker 1: been replaced by minerals over hundreds of millions of years,

871
00:58:23,320 --> 00:58:27,720
Speaker 1: but they do hilariously keep their poop shape like good

872
00:58:28,000 --> 00:58:32,080
Speaker 1: fossils really look just like, you know, a turd. I

873
00:58:32,080 --> 00:58:34,360
Speaker 1: got a couple of pictures of those in the notes

874
00:58:34,400 --> 00:58:36,440
Speaker 1: if you want to check them out. Yeah, I saw that.

875
00:58:36,560 --> 00:58:39,880
Speaker 1: Thank you to help me visualize it. Yeah, if you

876
00:58:39,920 --> 00:58:42,360
Speaker 1: want to know what ancient poop looks like, there it is.

877
00:58:42,680 --> 00:58:45,080
Speaker 1: You know, I'm gonna include links to these ancient poops

878
00:58:45,080 --> 00:58:47,720
Speaker 1: in the show notes. You know it. I did know that, Yeah,

879
00:58:48,120 --> 00:58:51,160
Speaker 1: I knew it instinctively, so they had some fiber in

880
00:58:51,200 --> 00:58:56,120
Speaker 1: their diet. These these dinosaurs, they did, and they also

881
00:58:56,280 --> 00:58:59,840
Speaker 1: had rocks in their diet. And I want to talk

882
00:59:00,000 --> 00:59:02,720
Speaker 1: a little bit, actually, Maggie, I think you talked about

883
00:59:02,720 --> 00:59:08,600
Speaker 1: this earlier about how birds have little rocks in and this. Yeah,

884
00:59:08,720 --> 00:59:13,680
Speaker 1: we're gonna talk about bird digestion. Bird digestion, Bird digestion.

885
00:59:13,760 --> 00:59:21,960
Speaker 1: It's bird digestion coca. It's my new my new segment

886
00:59:22,040 --> 00:59:26,040
Speaker 1: in the show called Bird Digestion Corner, which I'm sure

887
00:59:26,080 --> 00:59:30,880
Speaker 1: I'll do every week probably maybe. So birds do indeed

888
00:59:30,920 --> 00:59:34,880
Speaker 1: eat rocks to help them digest food. So birds hate

889
00:59:34,880 --> 00:59:37,680
Speaker 1: to break it to you guys, they don't really have teeth,

890
00:59:38,280 --> 00:59:42,440
Speaker 1: and their beaks are good for pecking, ripping and cracking,

891
00:59:42,560 --> 00:59:45,760
Speaker 1: and sometimes they have spines in their beaks that help

892
00:59:45,800 --> 00:59:48,960
Speaker 1: them catch fish. But they don't have teeth and they

893
00:59:49,000 --> 00:59:53,560
Speaker 1: can't really grind food up, so they will pick small,

894
00:59:53,720 --> 00:59:57,800
Speaker 1: sharp rocks or really gritty sand and swallow it up.

895
00:59:57,880 --> 01:00:01,160
Speaker 1: And then once a rock has been swallowed by an

896
01:00:01,200 --> 01:00:04,960
Speaker 1: animal for digestion purposes, it is then known as a

897
01:00:05,040 --> 01:00:09,840
Speaker 1: gastro lith So these sand or rocks will go into

898
01:00:09,880 --> 01:00:14,200
Speaker 1: a specialized muscular part of the stomach called the gizzard,

899
01:00:15,120 --> 01:00:19,600
Speaker 1: and birds who eat food that requires grinding, like grain,

900
01:00:19,880 --> 01:00:23,920
Speaker 1: seeds and vegetation, the tiny rocks and the gizzard grinds

901
01:00:24,040 --> 01:00:28,120
Speaker 1: up this food. In fact, when I had parakeets, I

902
01:00:28,200 --> 01:00:30,440
Speaker 1: had to give them this special It was like this

903
01:00:30,960 --> 01:00:35,440
Speaker 1: kind of sandy little tiny grains of rock and just

904
01:00:35,600 --> 01:00:38,200
Speaker 1: a little tray of that so they could swallow it,

905
01:00:38,560 --> 01:00:41,880
Speaker 1: so they could eat the seeds that they ate. Oh

906
01:00:42,760 --> 01:00:46,080
Speaker 1: and what happens when they're finished, when they've smoothed out

907
01:00:46,120 --> 01:00:48,560
Speaker 1: those stones. I mean I think that it just kind

908
01:00:48,560 --> 01:00:51,720
Speaker 1: of gets expelled like once. It's a once. It's sort

909
01:00:51,720 --> 01:00:55,200
Speaker 1: of a fine enough powder to go through their digestive system.

910
01:00:55,240 --> 01:00:57,600
Speaker 1: It just like passes through them, you know, like when

911
01:00:57,680 --> 01:01:03,080
Speaker 1: you eat rocks picked up by smaller creatures. Yeah. Usually

912
01:01:03,120 --> 01:01:04,960
Speaker 1: when I passed them, I then use them to skip

913
01:01:04,960 --> 01:01:07,720
Speaker 1: across a lake because they're all now. It just kind

914
01:01:07,720 --> 01:01:10,640
Speaker 1: of aim aimed towards the lake. See see how much

915
01:01:10,720 --> 01:01:13,240
Speaker 1: velocity you can get on that thing. Yet you gotta

916
01:01:13,280 --> 01:01:15,480
Speaker 1: get a good spin on it too. Yeah, you'll get

917
01:01:15,520 --> 01:01:22,520
Speaker 1: four or five skips, Maggie if you got so what's

918
01:01:22,560 --> 01:01:27,000
Speaker 1: interesting and a fact that blather is kind of glosses over.

919
01:01:27,080 --> 01:01:30,200
Speaker 1: Maybe because it's too personal. Is he doesn't talk about

920
01:01:30,360 --> 01:01:38,200
Speaker 1: owl digestion suspiciously suspiciously, which is interesting because again I'm wondering,

921
01:01:38,280 --> 01:01:41,520
Speaker 1: like you guys keep in good track of those rodent villagers.

922
01:01:41,560 --> 01:01:45,480
Speaker 1: You haven't noticed any missing mice or anything, because owls

923
01:01:45,520 --> 01:01:49,160
Speaker 1: poop out pellets. Yeah yeah, yeah, well they don't poop

924
01:01:49,160 --> 01:01:52,720
Speaker 1: them out, They actually hork them out. They thrown't They regurgitate.

925
01:01:52,800 --> 01:01:54,800
Speaker 1: That's it. That's it. If they if they ever let

926
01:01:54,840 --> 01:01:58,000
Speaker 1: you build a p I center or a cop a

927
01:01:58,000 --> 01:02:03,400
Speaker 1: cop station of your crossing island, we'll get to the bottom, promise.

928
01:02:04,520 --> 01:02:07,280
Speaker 1: I mean, it would make forensics. It would make root

929
01:02:07,360 --> 01:02:10,200
Speaker 1: forensics really easy, because you know, Blothers is at the

930
01:02:10,240 --> 01:02:13,240
Speaker 1: police station going, I don't know anything about the missing

931
01:02:13,320 --> 01:02:17,240
Speaker 1: Mr Mousey, and then he just like regurgitates a little

932
01:02:17,280 --> 01:02:19,840
Speaker 1: mouse skeleton and like his little hat and the shirt

933
01:02:19,880 --> 01:02:21,840
Speaker 1: he was wearing. Yeah, and he also gives you the

934
01:02:21,880 --> 01:02:24,080
Speaker 1: cute nickname that only the mouse would have given you. Yeah,

935
01:02:24,120 --> 01:02:28,880
Speaker 1: I don't know what you think about it. Squeaker huh oh,

936
01:02:29,040 --> 01:02:32,520
Speaker 1: I didn't know that Squeakers was murdered. Nobody said anything

937
01:02:32,560 --> 01:02:39,320
Speaker 1: about Squeak as being murdered. So in birds of prey

938
01:02:39,560 --> 01:02:44,440
Speaker 1: like owls, the gizzard serves a different function, so it

939
01:02:44,720 --> 01:02:47,800
Speaker 1: is actually a filter for all the inedible parts of

940
01:02:47,840 --> 01:02:52,000
Speaker 1: their prey, like bones and fur. So owls swallow their

941
01:02:52,040 --> 01:02:55,320
Speaker 1: prey hole or ripped them up into edible chunks, real

942
01:02:55,520 --> 01:03:00,640
Speaker 1: cute blathers. But they don't chew, so those saw fleshy

943
01:03:00,640 --> 01:03:03,560
Speaker 1: bits of the prey get ground up by the muscular

944
01:03:03,600 --> 01:03:08,640
Speaker 1: contractions in the gizzard, while the hard, indigestible parts get

945
01:03:08,680 --> 01:03:13,240
Speaker 1: compacted into pellets, which the owl later just kind of barfs.

946
01:03:13,280 --> 01:03:18,760
Speaker 1: Back up, I'm sorry, the cheet says, horks back up.

947
01:03:20,080 --> 01:03:22,919
Speaker 1: In my notes, I did write horks. They do hork

948
01:03:23,000 --> 01:03:27,160
Speaker 1: it back up. I insists on that word being they

949
01:03:27,240 --> 01:03:30,160
Speaker 1: hork it back up. That is the scientific term for it.

950
01:03:32,200 --> 01:03:35,520
Speaker 1: Love that sometimes when I'm writing these notes, I get

951
01:03:35,520 --> 01:03:38,480
Speaker 1: a little creative, just to make, you know, to make

952
01:03:38,520 --> 01:03:41,720
Speaker 1: a little fun for me, just sometimes just one for Katie.

953
01:03:41,840 --> 01:03:43,760
Speaker 1: And it's a little one for Katie, a little bit

954
01:03:43,760 --> 01:03:47,080
Speaker 1: of you know, because like you can only write regurgitate

955
01:03:47,200 --> 01:03:50,320
Speaker 1: so many times, for which I do, I write it

956
01:03:50,360 --> 01:03:54,480
Speaker 1: a lot of times for the show. So cork it up,

957
01:03:54,720 --> 01:03:58,960
Speaker 1: toss your cookies, you know, So another fossil that you

958
01:03:59,000 --> 01:04:03,720
Speaker 1: can turn in two blothers is the dunk Elostius. And

959
01:04:03,920 --> 01:04:06,440
Speaker 1: actually on these gameplay videos, I see a lot of

960
01:04:06,440 --> 01:04:09,800
Speaker 1: people call it the dunkle Saurus, which I understand the

961
01:04:09,920 --> 01:04:13,280
Speaker 1: urge to call it that because most like ancient animals

962
01:04:13,360 --> 01:04:16,040
Speaker 1: do end in some kind of sourus. But this is

963
01:04:16,080 --> 01:04:21,320
Speaker 1: actually the duncle Osteus. So this is what Blathers has

964
01:04:21,400 --> 01:04:24,600
Speaker 1: to say when you turn in a dunk Elstius fossil.

965
01:04:25,720 --> 01:04:29,520
Speaker 1: The duck Colostius flourished long before the dinosaurs, and it

966
01:04:29,640 --> 01:04:33,480
Speaker 1: was so sort of armored fish. Curiously, only fossils for

967
01:04:33,520 --> 01:04:36,600
Speaker 1: the head and shoulders have been found. We must simply

968
01:04:36,640 --> 01:04:40,320
Speaker 1: imagine the rest. While its face was rather frightening, I

969
01:04:40,400 --> 01:04:43,160
Speaker 1: like to picture a cute little tail and perhaps some

970
01:04:43,280 --> 01:04:48,120
Speaker 1: fluffy paws on its fins. Such speculation is not scientific,

971
01:04:48,240 --> 01:04:53,320
Speaker 1: of course, and essentially amounts to paleontological fan fiction. I

972
01:04:53,400 --> 01:05:02,640
Speaker 1: own that what so Bathers run a real island dr

973
01:05:03,680 --> 01:05:08,240
Speaker 1: he's writing. He did just confess that he's writing paleontological face,

974
01:05:09,080 --> 01:05:13,600
Speaker 1: So I can only imagine like it's like the dunk

975
01:05:13,640 --> 01:05:17,840
Speaker 1: Loostius and like Snape getting into some romantic snaphew mine

976
01:05:17,920 --> 01:05:21,280
Speaker 1: just called t sex. You can imagine where it goes

977
01:05:21,320 --> 01:05:30,080
Speaker 1: from there. So, unfortunately for Blathers and whatever weird fan

978
01:05:30,200 --> 01:05:33,360
Speaker 1: base he has for his dunk Lostius fan fiction, the

979
01:05:33,600 --> 01:05:37,440
Speaker 1: Dunkelstius probably did not have fluffy paws on its fins.

980
01:05:38,040 --> 01:05:40,560
Speaker 1: But it is an interesting point he brings up because

981
01:05:40,560 --> 01:05:46,680
Speaker 1: a lot of reimagining fossils is based on guesswork and

982
01:05:46,880 --> 01:05:50,400
Speaker 1: creative license in terms of reconstructing something when like, so,

983
01:05:50,440 --> 01:05:53,520
Speaker 1: if you only have the fossilized remains of the head

984
01:05:53,600 --> 01:05:56,080
Speaker 1: and like kind of neck area, then how do you

985
01:05:56,080 --> 01:05:58,960
Speaker 1: know what the rest of it looks like? So let's

986
01:05:59,000 --> 01:06:01,480
Speaker 1: talk a little bit about the dunk Losties. So it

987
01:06:01,600 --> 01:06:04,760
Speaker 1: was a huge fish with a frightening looking head that

988
01:06:04,880 --> 01:06:08,800
Speaker 1: kind of looked like an evil digimon. There's an image

989
01:06:08,840 --> 01:06:13,959
Speaker 1: there you guys should look at. Yeah, oh yeah, yeah,

990
01:06:14,160 --> 01:06:18,120
Speaker 1: like an evil digimon. Right, I'm gonna say yes to that.

991
01:06:18,760 --> 01:06:22,840
Speaker 1: But you've exposed my my bare tarantula ass. In terms

992
01:06:22,880 --> 01:06:29,200
Speaker 1: of knowledge about Pokemon and Poke Bond are two very

993
01:06:29,240 --> 01:06:37,200
Speaker 1: different I P s. I. Lawyers will be contacting you shortly.

994
01:06:39,520 --> 01:06:43,560
Speaker 1: There's another image in the documentcy of what artists have

995
01:06:43,680 --> 01:06:47,080
Speaker 1: imagined its whole body looks like, so it looks like

996
01:06:47,240 --> 01:06:51,680
Speaker 1: a big, gray, frightening shark like creature. It did in

997
01:06:51,760 --> 01:06:56,960
Speaker 1: fact grow up to what paleontologists think. It grew up

998
01:06:56,960 --> 01:07:00,680
Speaker 1: to about twenty nine feet in length, which would be

999
01:07:00,680 --> 01:07:04,880
Speaker 1: about nine meters, and weighed about a metric ton. It

1000
01:07:05,000 --> 01:07:09,360
Speaker 1: had a tough plated armor exterior, at least on the head,

1001
01:07:09,560 --> 01:07:13,560
Speaker 1: and instead of teeth, it had sharp, bony beak like

1002
01:07:13,960 --> 01:07:19,000
Speaker 1: plates that it used to eviscerate its victims. It went

1003
01:07:19,080 --> 01:07:22,920
Speaker 1: extinct about three d fifty eight million years ago, and

1004
01:07:23,080 --> 01:07:26,120
Speaker 1: there's no fossils of the rest of its body, so

1005
01:07:26,280 --> 01:07:31,520
Speaker 1: reconstruction is based on other extinct fish of its class, Placodermy,

1006
01:07:31,720 --> 01:07:36,040
Speaker 1: who have more extensive fossil records. But one of the

1007
01:07:36,160 --> 01:07:42,160
Speaker 1: problems with reconstructing fossils into animals, as you probably kind

1008
01:07:42,160 --> 01:07:44,160
Speaker 1: of know from the whole thing with like, we didn't

1009
01:07:44,240 --> 01:07:47,040
Speaker 1: used to think dinosaurs had feathers, but now we think

1010
01:07:47,080 --> 01:07:49,360
Speaker 1: a lot of them did. They were big, old, fluffy,

1011
01:07:49,480 --> 01:07:54,440
Speaker 1: chicken like creatures. So I wonder, I mean part of

1012
01:07:54,480 --> 01:07:58,240
Speaker 1: me wonders if the dunkle Ostius, instead of looking like

1013
01:07:58,280 --> 01:08:02,720
Speaker 1: a terrifying zombie, sharp arc with this evil digimon face,

1014
01:08:03,280 --> 01:08:06,479
Speaker 1: could actually have been really colorful with like a long

1015
01:08:06,560 --> 01:08:11,880
Speaker 1: flowing tail and bright vibrant colors to attract females. I mean,

1016
01:08:12,080 --> 01:08:14,520
Speaker 1: I don't. I have no evidence of that either, but

1017
01:08:14,800 --> 01:08:18,519
Speaker 1: it's fun to think about. Yeah, just like two really

1018
01:08:18,520 --> 01:08:22,719
Speaker 1: shiny antenna you know, like a Birds of Paradise style

1019
01:08:22,840 --> 01:08:29,960
Speaker 1: mating swim. Why not just random dongles coming off of it? Yeah? Yeah.

1020
01:08:30,000 --> 01:08:31,880
Speaker 1: And then like when it squishes its body together the

1021
01:08:31,960 --> 01:08:35,559
Speaker 1: right way, it makes a different kind of face, right right,

1022
01:08:35,600 --> 01:08:38,520
Speaker 1: It's got or like it's got sort of a accordion,

1023
01:08:38,640 --> 01:08:41,600
Speaker 1: like an accordion body that makes fun noises as it

1024
01:08:41,640 --> 01:08:45,960
Speaker 1: swims along. Now we're sort of an alice in Wonderland territory.

1025
01:08:46,000 --> 01:08:49,400
Speaker 1: But I'm not as if Blathers can write fan fiction

1026
01:08:49,600 --> 01:08:52,519
Speaker 1: about this, this ancient fish. I want to write fan

1027
01:08:52,600 --> 01:08:54,599
Speaker 1: fiction about it. And I say, it was a colorful

1028
01:08:54,640 --> 01:08:57,720
Speaker 1: accordion boy, And I'm not here to dispute it. I'm

1029
01:08:57,720 --> 01:09:00,599
Speaker 1: just here to uh to cop you write it and

1030
01:09:00,640 --> 01:09:05,320
Speaker 1: sell it to someone. So next, I want to talk

1031
01:09:05,400 --> 01:09:09,920
Speaker 1: about the megaseraps. So when you turn in a megaseraps

1032
01:09:10,000 --> 01:09:13,720
Speaker 1: fossil to Blathers, he says, this large fellow was a

1033
01:09:13,760 --> 01:09:17,120
Speaker 1: bit like our modern rhinoceros but with two horns on

1034
01:09:17,200 --> 01:09:20,600
Speaker 1: its nose. Sadly, their small teeth restricted them to a

1035
01:09:20,680 --> 01:09:24,000
Speaker 1: diet of rather soft plants, and eventually they died out.

1036
01:09:24,400 --> 01:09:26,760
Speaker 1: I feel there is a valuable lesson to be had

1037
01:09:26,760 --> 01:09:30,439
Speaker 1: there about learning to enjoy a variety of foods. You

1038
01:09:30,520 --> 01:09:35,639
Speaker 1: know what, Okay blathers, it's a real real SMARMI easy

1039
01:09:35,800 --> 01:09:38,559
Speaker 1: hindsight is twenty twenty, is what I'm saying here. You

1040
01:09:38,600 --> 01:09:42,599
Speaker 1: are not extinct, probably eating all the mice, going like, oh,

1041
01:09:42,800 --> 01:09:46,599
Speaker 1: have a very diet. Right, also like right right, are

1042
01:09:46,600 --> 01:09:49,920
Speaker 1: you gonna lecture history? You should be better past than

1043
01:09:49,960 --> 01:09:56,439
Speaker 1: you were. All right? So the megaseraps, also known as

1044
01:09:56,600 --> 01:10:01,680
Speaker 1: the thunder beast, is indeed an extinct hinoceros like ungulates.

1045
01:10:01,720 --> 01:10:05,519
Speaker 1: So ungulate are hooved animals. Uh So, while they do

1046
01:10:05,600 --> 01:10:09,719
Speaker 1: look a lot like rhinos, they aren't super closely related

1047
01:10:09,760 --> 01:10:13,679
Speaker 1: to rhinos. Actually diverged from the species that evolved into

1048
01:10:13,800 --> 01:10:17,840
Speaker 1: rhinos earlier in the evolutionary tree, so they're actually more

1049
01:10:17,920 --> 01:10:22,719
Speaker 1: closely related to horses, and they're kind of goofy looking.

1050
01:10:22,760 --> 01:10:25,720
Speaker 1: If you guys, take check out that picture I sent you.

1051
01:10:25,800 --> 01:10:30,400
Speaker 1: There's a reconstruction of mega serops next to a guy

1052
01:10:30,560 --> 01:10:32,640
Speaker 1: like it's photoshop next to a guy that's just like

1053
01:10:32,840 --> 01:10:36,439
Speaker 1: casually leaning against it, which I find interesting. It's insane

1054
01:10:36,439 --> 01:10:38,799
Speaker 1: to me that you're that this creature is not more

1055
01:10:38,840 --> 01:10:42,640
Speaker 1: closely related to the rhinoceros, because it looks, according to

1056
01:10:42,680 --> 01:10:47,559
Speaker 1: this rendering, identical except for except for instead of having

1057
01:10:47,600 --> 01:10:50,240
Speaker 1: one point horn, it has the back of a hammer

1058
01:10:50,280 --> 01:10:56,240
Speaker 1: for a nose, you know, a slingshot nose. H yeah, yeah,

1059
01:10:56,320 --> 01:10:59,600
Speaker 1: I mean, to be fair, I think that this rendering

1060
01:10:59,720 --> 01:11:04,639
Speaker 1: probably is making it perhaps more rhinoceros like than it

1061
01:11:04,680 --> 01:11:08,040
Speaker 1: may have been, just because it's like maybe the description

1062
01:11:08,120 --> 01:11:09,880
Speaker 1: was like, I don't know, it's a rhinoceros with a

1063
01:11:09,920 --> 01:11:13,080
Speaker 1: slingshot notes like do it, and then the artist went

1064
01:11:13,120 --> 01:11:16,120
Speaker 1: with that, but it's hard to know, like what they're

1065
01:11:16,280 --> 01:11:19,360
Speaker 1: fleshy body parts actually looked like maybe a little less

1066
01:11:19,439 --> 01:11:24,920
Speaker 1: rhinoceros like, but still it is convergent evolution does happen

1067
01:11:25,040 --> 01:11:30,639
Speaker 1: where you have animals independently evolving extremely similar characteristics, So

1068
01:11:30,920 --> 01:11:34,160
Speaker 1: it's possible it looked very rhinoceros like, even though the

1069
01:11:34,240 --> 01:11:38,559
Speaker 1: rhinoceros didn't directly descend from it. The megasar Ops was

1070
01:11:38,800 --> 01:11:42,200
Speaker 1: about eight feet or two point five meters tall. It

1071
01:11:42,320 --> 01:11:45,760
Speaker 1: was sixteen ft or five ms long and waited about

1072
01:11:45,840 --> 01:11:50,439
Speaker 1: three metric tons, so you know, sizeable heft, a good amount.

1073
01:11:50,560 --> 01:11:53,160
Speaker 1: It's it's a lot, it's a it's a lot of seraps.

1074
01:11:53,240 --> 01:11:55,640
Speaker 1: I would say it looks like a rhinoceros if it

1075
01:11:55,720 --> 01:11:59,080
Speaker 1: was made for Lord of the Rings or something, right, right, exactly,

1076
01:11:59,120 --> 01:12:03,599
Speaker 1: like how they sort of instead of elephants, they're only fants. Yeah,

1077
01:12:03,720 --> 01:12:07,439
Speaker 1: they're extra big with like a separate test. I mean,

1078
01:12:07,760 --> 01:12:10,920
Speaker 1: Jared Tulkien was a very creative guy, but I do

1079
01:12:11,000 --> 01:12:12,679
Speaker 1: like how you just kind of like, I don't know,

1080
01:12:13,080 --> 01:12:16,920
Speaker 1: only fancy, Like who cares, man, it's a book, you'll

1081
01:12:16,920 --> 01:12:22,360
Speaker 1: be bigger. Yeah. So yeah, their horn kind of isn't

1082
01:12:22,439 --> 01:12:25,439
Speaker 1: in a y shape instead of like that conical shape,

1083
01:12:25,439 --> 01:12:28,280
Speaker 1: so it's like a big yse. And why does this

1084
01:12:28,400 --> 01:12:33,760
Speaker 1: thing exist? And the answer is that it is theorized

1085
01:12:33,760 --> 01:12:37,479
Speaker 1: by paleontologists that this face fork was used by males

1086
01:12:37,600 --> 01:12:41,839
Speaker 1: as a battering ram in rivalries based on fossil records

1087
01:12:41,920 --> 01:12:46,960
Speaker 1: of broken ribs. Although you know, like my theory is

1088
01:12:47,000 --> 01:12:49,800
Speaker 1: they strung up like a rubber band on there and

1089
01:12:49,960 --> 01:12:53,120
Speaker 1: used it as a big old slingshot like in the flintstone.

1090
01:12:53,960 --> 01:12:55,880
Speaker 1: It also would make a great It would make a

1091
01:12:55,880 --> 01:12:59,519
Speaker 1: great like a gun sight. So if you're shot bullets

1092
01:13:00,280 --> 01:13:04,840
Speaker 1: rhinoceross mouth, boy, would you be accurate doing that? Natural snipers? Exactly?

1093
01:13:05,320 --> 01:13:09,720
Speaker 1: Nature snipers. Now I want like a sort of want

1094
01:13:09,840 --> 01:13:13,559
Speaker 1: some sort of like historical fiction. Of these are still

1095
01:13:13,600 --> 01:13:18,960
Speaker 1: alive in this cyberpunk dinosaur dinosaurs cyberpunk, and you're using

1096
01:13:18,960 --> 01:13:21,240
Speaker 1: one of these as like your sniper buddy, and you

1097
01:13:21,240 --> 01:13:26,120
Speaker 1: guys are partners, and you're you're assassinating like dinosaur Hitler

1098
01:13:26,240 --> 01:13:29,400
Speaker 1: or something. You're here in Luck. That almost identical game

1099
01:13:29,439 --> 01:13:33,840
Speaker 1: exists and it's called Rock Dinosaur. Un It pretty close.

1100
01:13:34,760 --> 01:13:43,160
Speaker 1: I love to rock every idea I have. Let's talk

1101
01:13:43,200 --> 01:13:46,080
Speaker 1: about our last fossil and last topic of today, which

1102
01:13:46,160 --> 01:13:50,439
Speaker 1: is the diplodocus. So if you turn in a diplodocus fossil,

1103
01:13:50,640 --> 01:13:54,479
Speaker 1: two blathers, this is what he has to say. Did

1104
01:13:54,520 --> 01:13:57,559
Speaker 1: you know that it's center of gravity was such that

1105
01:13:57,680 --> 01:14:01,840
Speaker 1: sitting up on its hind legs with probably easy What's more,

1106
01:14:02,080 --> 01:14:06,559
Speaker 1: paired with its long neck disability, greatly increased its reach

1107
01:14:06,680 --> 01:14:11,040
Speaker 1: for eating plants. Best of all, Diplodocus probably grew its

1108
01:14:11,240 --> 01:14:15,360
Speaker 1: entire life having no adult size. Wouldn't that we were

1109
01:14:15,400 --> 01:14:22,120
Speaker 1: all so gifted. So the Diplodocus was a very interesting

1110
01:14:22,120 --> 01:14:26,720
Speaker 1: dinosaur with very interesting proportions. It was a sorrow pod,

1111
01:14:26,840 --> 01:14:29,320
Speaker 1: which is a clade of dinosaurs with long necks and

1112
01:14:29,360 --> 01:14:31,960
Speaker 1: long tails. Think about like the long necks in Land

1113
01:14:31,960 --> 01:14:37,960
Speaker 1: before time. Yeah, every day, or you know a good

1114
01:14:38,000 --> 01:14:43,400
Speaker 1: old brontosaurus, same same clade, and it's interesting. So, like

1115
01:14:43,800 --> 01:14:47,680
Speaker 1: when he said Diplodocus probably grew its entire life, we

1116
01:14:47,760 --> 01:14:52,160
Speaker 1: talked about that earlier, where it's an indeterminate grower, not

1117
01:14:52,320 --> 01:14:58,760
Speaker 1: under indeterminate shower. So this is like the prehistoric goldfish,

1118
01:14:58,840 --> 01:15:03,360
Speaker 1: well only in that way. But sure I need to

1119
01:15:03,400 --> 01:15:05,639
Speaker 1: under I can only understand one animal with a different

1120
01:15:05,680 --> 01:15:11,160
Speaker 1: animal as a comparison point. Diplodocus went extinct about a

1121
01:15:11,240 --> 01:15:15,000
Speaker 1: hundred and fifty two million years ago. It is one

1122
01:15:15,040 --> 01:15:19,880
Speaker 1: of the longest dinosaurs, growing around eighty feet long, which

1123
01:15:19,920 --> 01:15:25,800
Speaker 1: is twenty four meters, and they weighed around fourteen metric tons.

1124
01:15:26,800 --> 01:15:32,000
Speaker 1: So that's big, that's perfect. How big is that? How

1125
01:15:32,000 --> 01:15:37,679
Speaker 1: many football fields? How many buses? It is like a

1126
01:15:37,720 --> 01:15:43,240
Speaker 1: medium length passed from from a quarterback. Does that help you? Yeah,

1127
01:15:43,280 --> 01:15:46,240
Speaker 1: that's very hopeful for me. Someone who is good at

1128
01:15:46,320 --> 01:15:55,080
Speaker 1: visualizing sports. So Diplodocus had a teeny tiny head compared

1129
01:15:55,120 --> 01:15:58,559
Speaker 1: to its body size. It's like it's got this really long,

1130
01:15:58,680 --> 01:16:02,200
Speaker 1: meaty neck that kind of in in this like little head.

1131
01:16:02,520 --> 01:16:05,360
Speaker 1: It's actually kind of funny. But if you guys just

1132
01:16:05,520 --> 01:16:10,960
Speaker 1: google Diplodocus, I'm actually familiar with with Mr. Diplodocus or

1133
01:16:11,080 --> 01:16:14,880
Speaker 1: mrs so are you. I read about seven dinosaur books

1134
01:16:14,880 --> 01:16:17,400
Speaker 1: when I was a kid, and I retained three names

1135
01:16:17,400 --> 01:16:22,040
Speaker 1: of dinosaurs and this, yeah, yeah, just briefly, wasn't the Bronosaurus.

1136
01:16:22,200 --> 01:16:24,800
Speaker 1: Doesn't that no longer exist? Am I wrong? I mean

1137
01:16:24,840 --> 01:16:29,519
Speaker 1: that classification It wasn't that. It wasn't the Bronosaurus a

1138
01:16:29,560 --> 01:16:32,640
Speaker 1: thing that was actually in a Patosaurus and they had

1139
01:16:32,640 --> 01:16:34,679
Speaker 1: the wrong head of the body. Well, but then it

1140
01:16:34,760 --> 01:16:38,599
Speaker 1: wasn't so there actually is now the change it back. Yeah,

1141
01:16:38,640 --> 01:16:41,600
Speaker 1: I think they changed it back that there is Bronosaurus

1142
01:16:41,640 --> 01:16:47,240
Speaker 1: and Apodosaurus and Diplodocus. So they're all they're all they're

1143
01:16:46,760 --> 01:16:49,840
Speaker 1: they're all party, they're all the sauropods. But that is

1144
01:16:50,120 --> 01:16:53,120
Speaker 1: that is one of the hard, hard parts of being

1145
01:16:53,160 --> 01:16:57,000
Speaker 1: a paleontologist or a paleo biologist. It's like you just

1146
01:16:57,080 --> 01:16:59,559
Speaker 1: kind of have to symble dinosaurs you get it's like

1147
01:16:59,560 --> 01:17:01,759
Speaker 1: in a key a thing, but it's a bunch of bones,

1148
01:17:01,840 --> 01:17:05,160
Speaker 1: and you're just no instructions, nothing, not even the crappy

1149
01:17:05,160 --> 01:17:07,559
Speaker 1: I kea instructions and it's like, is this a new

1150
01:17:07,600 --> 01:17:09,920
Speaker 1: dinosaur or did I just get the bones mixed up

1151
01:17:09,920 --> 01:17:11,960
Speaker 1: with another time? It's not even an ellen key. That

1152
01:17:12,000 --> 01:17:16,320
Speaker 1: screws it all together either. You get nothing nothing. Because

1153
01:17:16,520 --> 01:17:20,080
Speaker 1: its neck was so long and heavy, it probably couldn't

1154
01:17:20,160 --> 01:17:23,679
Speaker 1: lift its head much higher than being parallel with the ground,

1155
01:17:24,880 --> 01:17:28,680
Speaker 1: So consequently it probably ate a lot of vegetation that

1156
01:17:28,760 --> 01:17:31,880
Speaker 1: was close to the ground, or just pushed over trees

1157
01:17:31,960 --> 01:17:34,360
Speaker 1: when it wanted to eat the leaves on the trees.

1158
01:17:35,200 --> 01:17:38,120
Speaker 1: But it is true that its center of mass was

1159
01:17:38,240 --> 01:17:41,599
Speaker 1: so far back on account of this really long tail,

1160
01:17:41,960 --> 01:17:45,120
Speaker 1: that it could probably sit up on its hind legs

1161
01:17:45,160 --> 01:17:49,000
Speaker 1: like a tripod, using that huge tail as a third leg,

1162
01:17:49,720 --> 01:17:52,360
Speaker 1: and then kind of giving it a little bit of

1163
01:17:52,400 --> 01:17:55,160
Speaker 1: extra heights so it could reach up into a tree.

1164
01:17:55,439 --> 01:17:58,559
Speaker 1: That's really not how I've ever envisioned one of these.

1165
01:18:01,040 --> 01:18:02,880
Speaker 1: You do think of it as just being able to

1166
01:18:02,960 --> 01:18:06,320
Speaker 1: like kind of nimbly lift its head up because it's

1167
01:18:06,320 --> 01:18:09,040
Speaker 1: such a it's a and it was a flexible neck.

1168
01:18:09,400 --> 01:18:12,760
Speaker 1: It just was very heavy, so the muscles required to

1169
01:18:12,840 --> 01:18:16,360
Speaker 1: really lift it high up would be be very difficult

1170
01:18:16,400 --> 01:18:18,519
Speaker 1: to lift that much weight up. So it's more likely

1171
01:18:18,520 --> 01:18:21,120
Speaker 1: it just kind of like tipped over like a see

1172
01:18:21,120 --> 01:18:25,439
Speaker 1: saw to like get it get some elevation. So you're

1173
01:18:25,439 --> 01:18:27,840
Speaker 1: telling me Jurassic Park is a lie. That's what you're

1174
01:18:27,840 --> 01:18:32,000
Speaker 1: telling me the Bracio source. But Braccio source may have

1175
01:18:32,040 --> 01:18:34,679
Speaker 1: been able to lift its head, I'm not I'm not sure,

1176
01:18:34,880 --> 01:18:37,879
Speaker 1: Like it's some of these animals could have lifted their heads.

1177
01:18:37,880 --> 01:18:43,040
Speaker 1: But this guy just a real, real thickle median neck there.

1178
01:18:43,920 --> 01:18:47,599
Speaker 1: And it also had a ridiculously long tail, even by

1179
01:18:47,720 --> 01:18:51,479
Speaker 1: sorrow Pod standards, just like and it gets really it's

1180
01:18:51,479 --> 01:18:54,400
Speaker 1: like it starts off really thick and gets thinner and thinner,

1181
01:18:54,439 --> 01:18:58,040
Speaker 1: and it it looks made up how long it is.

1182
01:18:58,439 --> 01:19:01,200
Speaker 1: In fact, the tail was so big and long the

1183
01:19:01,360 --> 01:19:05,360
Speaker 1: vertebra and the tail had to have quote double beams.

1184
01:19:05,520 --> 01:19:09,320
Speaker 1: So you know how vertebra have those little like protrusions

1185
01:19:09,360 --> 01:19:11,439
Speaker 1: that come out of the back of it or and

1186
01:19:11,600 --> 01:19:15,120
Speaker 1: on the sides, do you know what I'm talking about? Yeah, yeah,

1187
01:19:15,240 --> 01:19:18,760
Speaker 1: So those are called spine us process and they are

1188
01:19:18,920 --> 01:19:23,080
Speaker 1: the bony protrusions. But in addition to those spinus process

1189
01:19:23,200 --> 01:19:25,840
Speaker 1: that like come out on sort of the top of

1190
01:19:25,840 --> 01:19:30,040
Speaker 1: the spine, they had another bony protrusion on the bottom

1191
01:19:30,280 --> 01:19:34,000
Speaker 1: of the vertebrae. So it was like this like support

1192
01:19:34,120 --> 01:19:38,439
Speaker 1: extra support beam that prevented the veins in their tails

1193
01:19:38,520 --> 01:19:42,320
Speaker 1: from getting crushed from the weight of this massive tail.

1194
01:19:43,240 --> 01:19:47,880
Speaker 1: Paleontologists speculate that this long tail with over eighty vertebrae

1195
01:19:48,200 --> 01:19:52,400
Speaker 1: made have had a defensive function, being used to create

1196
01:19:52,439 --> 01:19:55,880
Speaker 1: a loud sound by cracking it like a whip. Now

1197
01:19:55,920 --> 01:19:58,760
Speaker 1: I think that this is actually a Blathers fact in

1198
01:19:59,120 --> 01:20:03,320
Speaker 1: a New Leaf. Yeah, I think it is where Blathers

1199
01:20:03,320 --> 01:20:07,559
Speaker 1: talks about how Diplodocus uses its tail as a whip.

1200
01:20:08,160 --> 01:20:12,479
Speaker 1: Computer models of sorrow pod tails show that Diplodocus and

1201
01:20:12,680 --> 01:20:16,400
Speaker 1: their relative Apodosaurus may have been able to crack their

1202
01:20:16,439 --> 01:20:21,519
Speaker 1: tails at supersonic velocities, creating a mini sonic boom like

1203
01:20:21,560 --> 01:20:25,599
Speaker 1: a bowl whip, which could have been as a defensive thing.

1204
01:20:26,160 --> 01:20:29,200
Speaker 1: Or two. I don't know who the ladies with your

1205
01:20:29,280 --> 01:20:33,520
Speaker 1: weird whiptail, or just to like have a great weekend

1206
01:20:33,840 --> 01:20:38,160
Speaker 1: just getting out there whipping your tails around. That sounds red,

1207
01:20:38,520 --> 01:20:42,160
Speaker 1: just cracking your tails, getting funking with it. Yeah, cracking

1208
01:20:42,160 --> 01:20:44,679
Speaker 1: open a diagonal beer and just whipping each other like

1209
01:20:44,800 --> 01:20:47,840
Speaker 1: the boys do. Yeah, these SA pods like the party

1210
01:20:48,240 --> 01:20:57,000
Speaker 1: were like Sara Party part damnit. SA party was better

1211
01:20:57,000 --> 01:21:00,439
Speaker 1: than the joke for me. Like, they can't, they can't

1212
01:21:00,439 --> 01:21:03,280
Speaker 1: all be winners. You know, I'm not. I'm not a

1213
01:21:03,320 --> 01:21:06,360
Speaker 1: blather as. I can't just pump out these great jokes

1214
01:21:06,400 --> 01:21:10,240
Speaker 1: with every with every dinosaur fact. But you you, you

1215
01:21:10,760 --> 01:21:12,719
Speaker 1: do a pretty good job. You're doing a pretty good blathers.

1216
01:21:13,360 --> 01:21:17,439
Speaker 1: Thank you. I'm like a discount blathers, dime store blathers.

1217
01:21:17,479 --> 01:21:23,120
Speaker 1: You're more than a discount thank you. Daughter. Oh I

1218
01:21:23,160 --> 01:21:26,040
Speaker 1: forgot that was happening this whole time. Oh yeah, yeah

1219
01:21:26,160 --> 01:21:29,040
Speaker 1: that I'm I'm Maggie. We did establish that is Cannon.

1220
01:21:29,120 --> 01:21:32,400
Speaker 1: We've established in previous episode where I had Maggie on

1221
01:21:32,560 --> 01:21:35,599
Speaker 1: and I did adopt her for me to be her

1222
01:21:35,680 --> 01:21:40,360
Speaker 1: dad because of the dad jokes and we were discussing

1223
01:21:40,400 --> 01:21:42,680
Speaker 1: Star Wars very you know, it was. It was a

1224
01:21:42,680 --> 01:21:46,160
Speaker 1: whole dad Yeah, the whole dad thing. You would you

1225
01:21:46,160 --> 01:21:49,560
Speaker 1: wouldn't like, you wouldn't get I wouldn't get it. I

1226
01:21:49,560 --> 01:21:56,280
Speaker 1: wouldn't understand that at all. Which connection to it? Well,

1227
01:21:56,280 --> 01:21:59,439
Speaker 1: thank you guys so much for joining me today. Now

1228
01:21:59,680 --> 01:22:02,320
Speaker 1: I usually ask do you have anything to plug? But

1229
01:22:02,479 --> 01:22:05,360
Speaker 1: I know for a fact you do, so get on

1230
01:22:05,520 --> 01:22:08,280
Speaker 1: with it. Plug that, plug that thing. Thank you for

1231
01:22:08,360 --> 01:22:12,120
Speaker 1: having us, uh Max, plug it up, Thank you so

1232
01:22:12,240 --> 01:22:14,320
Speaker 1: much for having us. Yeah, So, Adam and I have

1233
01:22:14,400 --> 01:22:16,920
Speaker 1: a new podcast called I'll Show you Mine If you

1234
01:22:17,000 --> 01:22:21,600
Speaker 1: show me Years on the small Beans Network And yeah,

1235
01:22:21,800 --> 01:22:27,320
Speaker 1: Adam and I answer a very deep philosophical question with

1236
01:22:27,479 --> 01:22:31,200
Speaker 1: a favorite with a movie, U, a an album or

1237
01:22:32,439 --> 01:22:37,160
Speaker 1: a book and then uh maybe a book favor book.

1238
01:22:38,560 --> 01:22:41,599
Speaker 1: But anyways, we see what our favorite pieces of media

1239
01:22:41,720 --> 01:22:45,439
Speaker 1: says about us on a on a deeper level. So yeah,

1240
01:22:45,640 --> 01:22:53,360
Speaker 1: it's uh pop culture or check if you will. Now,

1241
01:22:53,400 --> 01:22:56,200
Speaker 1: where can folks find you? They can find that podcast

1242
01:22:56,240 --> 01:22:59,160
Speaker 1: on the small Beans Network, which is available on any

1243
01:22:59,160 --> 01:23:03,360
Speaker 1: place that podcasts are available. They can find me on

1244
01:23:03,360 --> 01:23:07,759
Speaker 1: Twitter at the Real Games and the same on Twitch

1245
01:23:08,080 --> 01:23:11,120
Speaker 1: if you're into video game streaming. UM and I have

1246
01:23:11,200 --> 01:23:13,280
Speaker 1: a couple of the podcasts you can also find on

1247
01:23:13,360 --> 01:23:16,439
Speaker 1: small beans. If you are really into video games or

1248
01:23:16,560 --> 01:23:22,920
Speaker 1: into films, have two more podcasts there, Meg's Well. You

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Speaker 1: can find me on Twitter at Maggie may Fish dot com. Uh,

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01:23:28,640 --> 01:23:32,800
Speaker 1: and you can also find my video film essays um

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01:23:32,840 --> 01:23:37,080
Speaker 1: a YouTube channel Maggie may Fix just my name and yeah,

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01:23:37,120 --> 01:23:40,519
Speaker 1: you can also follow me on Instagram also my name,

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01:23:40,920 --> 01:23:44,719
Speaker 1: so come find me here and I you can find

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01:23:44,840 --> 01:23:48,200
Speaker 1: us also on the internet. We are on Instagram at

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01:23:48,240 --> 01:23:53,599
Speaker 1: Creature Feature Pod. We are on Twitter at Creature Feet Pod.

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01:23:53,720 --> 01:23:57,360
Speaker 1: That's F eight T, not fet that's something very different.

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01:23:57,840 --> 01:24:00,439
Speaker 1: If you want to hear my Katie thoughts, can find

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01:24:00,479 --> 01:24:04,120
Speaker 1: me at Katie Golden. And as always, I am also

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01:24:04,280 --> 01:24:07,200
Speaker 1: pro bird rights, where I am fighting for the rights

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Speaker 1: of birds to dominate us that. We also have shirts.

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01:24:14,040 --> 01:24:16,120
Speaker 1: I've already talked about the shirts before, but just a

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01:24:16,120 --> 01:24:18,640
Speaker 1: reminder we do got shirts. I'll include a link to

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01:24:18,720 --> 01:24:21,240
Speaker 1: that in the show notes pretty sure if I can

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Speaker 1: remember to do that. Yeah, thank you guys so much

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01:24:24,240 --> 01:24:28,640
Speaker 1: for listening. If you are enjoying The Katie Facts, the

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01:24:29,040 --> 01:24:35,599
Speaker 1: Cather's Cather's Flatter, Kathy blathers, Yeah no, no, now I'm

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01:24:35,680 --> 01:24:38,559
Speaker 1: not doing I'm not going with that one. But if

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01:24:38,560 --> 01:24:42,479
Speaker 1: you're you're enjoying my My the Katie Facts, uh, please

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01:24:42,520 --> 01:24:46,440
Speaker 1: do leave a review or rating, or subscribe or download

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Speaker 1: those things. Actually really really help me. It does something

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01:24:50,160 --> 01:24:54,240
Speaker 1: with the algorithms and aiyes in the podcasts, and it

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01:24:54,439 --> 01:24:57,160
Speaker 1: helps us keep this show going. Every time you do

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01:24:57,200 --> 01:25:00,280
Speaker 1: a rating or review, I feel it in my owns

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01:25:00,320 --> 01:25:03,439
Speaker 1: and it makes me so happy. So thank you so

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01:25:03,520 --> 01:25:07,320
Speaker 1: much for listening, and thanks to the Space Cossacks for

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01:25:07,400 --> 01:25:11,160
Speaker 1: their super awesome song. Ex Alumina Creature features a production

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01:25:11,200 --> 01:25:13,760
Speaker 1: of I Heart Radio. For more podcasts like the one

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01:25:13,800 --> 01:25:16,680
Speaker 1: you just heard, visit the I heart Radio website, I

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01:25:16,800 --> 01:25:20,000
Speaker 1: heart Radio app or Apple podcast or hey, wherever you

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01:25:20,000 --> 01:25:22,520
Speaker 1: get your favorite shows. See you next Wednesday.