1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,000 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class. It's a production of I 2 00:00:02,080 --> 00:00:07,600 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hi. Everyone, welcome to This Day in History Class, 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:12,959 Speaker 1: where we uncover the remnants of history every day. Today 4 00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:25,560 Speaker 1: is Mayen. The day was made twenty second, nineteen sixty, 5 00:00:27,000 --> 00:00:31,120 Speaker 1: the largest earthquake ever recorded hit Chile, a, leaving two 6 00:00:31,160 --> 00:00:35,400 Speaker 1: million people without homes at least three thousand people injured 7 00:00:35,760 --> 00:00:38,760 Speaker 1: in about one thousand, six hundred and fifty five people 8 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:43,479 Speaker 1: did The previous day, a series of four shocks had 9 00:00:43,560 --> 00:00:47,400 Speaker 1: hit in Chile as people were preparing for the commemoration 10 00:00:47,640 --> 00:00:50,720 Speaker 1: of the Battle of Ikike, a naval battle during the 11 00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:53,800 Speaker 1: War of the Pacific. A quake with a magnitude of 12 00:00:53,880 --> 00:00:57,760 Speaker 1: eight point to caused destruction in the coastal town of Concepcion. 13 00:00:59,120 --> 00:01:02,600 Speaker 1: Tiles President called off the day's events to put together 14 00:01:02,640 --> 00:01:07,520 Speaker 1: an emergency response. A couple more earthquakes occurred the next 15 00:01:07,600 --> 00:01:11,560 Speaker 1: day in Concepcion, with the last happening only fifteen minutes 16 00:01:11,640 --> 00:01:16,440 Speaker 1: before the Baldivia earthquake. The earthquakes traveled south in a 17 00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:20,920 Speaker 1: sequence to the big one. At about three eleven pm 18 00:01:21,080 --> 00:01:25,320 Speaker 1: local time, a nine point five magnitude earthquake hit about 19 00:01:25,319 --> 00:01:27,920 Speaker 1: one hundred miles off the coast of southern til A, 20 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:30,880 Speaker 1: though some estimates have put it at a nine point 21 00:01:30,920 --> 00:01:35,080 Speaker 1: four or a nine point six. The epicenter of the 22 00:01:35,120 --> 00:01:38,759 Speaker 1: earthquake was in the Pacific Ocean near the town of Lumaco, 23 00:01:38,920 --> 00:01:41,800 Speaker 1: though the city most affected by the quake was Baldivia. 24 00:01:43,200 --> 00:01:46,440 Speaker 1: It was a megathrust earthquake, or a large earthquake that 25 00:01:46,480 --> 00:01:50,000 Speaker 1: occurs in a subduction zone where one tectonic plate is 26 00:01:50,040 --> 00:01:54,000 Speaker 1: thrust under another. This quake happened when a six d 27 00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:56,720 Speaker 1: and twenty mile long part of the Nazca Plate, an 28 00:01:56,720 --> 00:01:58,880 Speaker 1: oceanic plate that makes up a big part of the 29 00:01:58,920 --> 00:02:02,559 Speaker 1: Pacific Ocean floor, are plunged under the South American Plate. 30 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:07,920 Speaker 1: It was and still is the largest earthquake ever instrumentally recorded. 31 00:02:09,080 --> 00:02:12,040 Speaker 1: The seismic main shock lowered a quarter of Chile's outer 32 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:15,160 Speaker 1: coast by a few feet, and it expanded the area 33 00:02:15,200 --> 00:02:19,120 Speaker 1: of the country. The earth movement triggered a bunch of 34 00:02:19,160 --> 00:02:24,640 Speaker 1: other natural disasters like tsunamis landslides, a flood of volcanic eruption, 35 00:02:24,840 --> 00:02:29,120 Speaker 1: and a sage or surface oscillation on a lake in Argentina. 36 00:02:30,400 --> 00:02:33,680 Speaker 1: Subsidence or sinking of the ground due to the earthquake 37 00:02:34,040 --> 00:02:38,040 Speaker 1: caused flooding in Chile that changed the impactic shorelines and 38 00:02:38,280 --> 00:02:43,280 Speaker 1: made marine navigational charts obsolete. The tsunami that the earthquake 39 00:02:43,320 --> 00:02:47,400 Speaker 1: triggered caused deaths and damage as far away as Hawaii, Japan, 40 00:02:47,600 --> 00:02:51,560 Speaker 1: and the Philippines. At Hilo Bay, on the main island 41 00:02:51,560 --> 00:02:56,000 Speaker 1: of Hawaii, huge waves killed sixty one people. Waves up 42 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:59,320 Speaker 1: to eighteen feet are five point five meters hit Hanshu, 43 00:03:00,120 --> 00:03:03,120 Speaker 1: Pan's main island, killing a hundred and thirty eight people 44 00:03:03,240 --> 00:03:07,880 Speaker 1: and destroying sixteen hundred homes. The tsunami even caused damage 45 00:03:07,880 --> 00:03:12,440 Speaker 1: in Los Angeles, San Diego and Long Beach, California. In 46 00:03:12,520 --> 00:03:16,320 Speaker 1: the Philippines, the tsunami caused at least twenty one deaths. 47 00:03:17,080 --> 00:03:21,120 Speaker 1: Waves were observed in the Pacific Ocean Basin, the Atlantic Ocean, 48 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:25,400 Speaker 1: and the Indian Ocean, making it the first globally recorded tsunami. 49 00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:30,079 Speaker 1: Some seizmologists have linked the eruption of the cordoned Gallier 50 00:03:30,240 --> 00:03:33,880 Speaker 1: Volcano and Tilas Lake district to the earthquake, as it 51 00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:39,960 Speaker 1: erupted on May after about forty years of inactivity. Other 52 00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:43,320 Speaker 1: earthquakes occurred in the region in the sixteenth, eighteenth, and 53 00:03:43,440 --> 00:03:47,160 Speaker 1: nineteenth centuries, and many after shocks followed in the months 54 00:03:47,200 --> 00:03:51,480 Speaker 1: after the nineteen sixty Valdivia quake. The global impact of 55 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:54,800 Speaker 1: the tsunami led to the creation of the Pacific Tsunami 56 00:03:54,880 --> 00:04:00,800 Speaker 1: Warning System. In nineteen sixty and eight point eight magnitude 57 00:04:00,880 --> 00:04:05,000 Speaker 1: quake occurred off the coast of Central Chile. Scientists suggested 58 00:04:05,080 --> 00:04:08,680 Speaker 1: that earthquake may have been the result of the stress 59 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:13,120 Speaker 1: build up from the nineteen sixty earthquake. I'm Eve step 60 00:04:13,280 --> 00:04:15,880 Speaker 1: Cote and hopefully you know a little more about history 61 00:04:15,880 --> 00:04:19,840 Speaker 1: today than you did yesterday. If there's something that I 62 00:04:19,960 --> 00:04:22,520 Speaker 1: missed in an episode, you can share it with everybody 63 00:04:22,560 --> 00:04:26,800 Speaker 1: else on Twitter, Instagram or Facebook. At t d I 64 00:04:27,320 --> 00:04:43,160 Speaker 1: h C podcast We'll see you tomorrow. For more podcasts 65 00:04:43,160 --> 00:04:46,120 Speaker 1: from I Heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, 66 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:47,880 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.