WEBVTT - Chapter 9: The Last Two Words 0:00:00.080 --> 0:00:02.760 For a show about a bunch of religious people. There's 0:00:02.800 --> 0:00:06.640 been very little Bible talk thus far. I have to 0:00:06.680 --> 0:00:10.119 admit I've never actually read the Bible, so there's a 0:00:10.200 --> 0:00:15.040 huge chunk of modern culture I'm missing. Anytime someone says 0:00:15.040 --> 0:00:17.320 a fly in the ointment, a drop in the bucket, 0:00:17.480 --> 0:00:20.239 a man after my own heart, setting your teeth on edge, 0:00:20.440 --> 0:00:22.759 bite the dust, apple of my eye, or at my 0:00:22.800 --> 0:00:26.480 wits end, they are knowingly or not quoting the Bible, 0:00:27.840 --> 0:00:30.240 and it makes language that much richer when you're hip 0:00:30.280 --> 0:00:34.760 to biblical references like this. One of these phrases is 0:00:34.840 --> 0:00:39.920 thirty pieces of silver. It comes from the story of 0:00:40.040 --> 0:00:49.000 Judas Is Scariot. So Jesus was, contrary to popular assumption, 0:00:49.320 --> 0:00:53.040 intensely political, so much so that by passover of his 0:00:53.120 --> 0:00:57.319 thirty third year, he was on borrowed time, and one 0:00:57.320 --> 0:01:00.800 of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, was seeking working with the 0:01:00.840 --> 0:01:04.920 high priests who had it out for Jesus. So shortly 0:01:04.959 --> 0:01:08.040 after the last supper, Judas went off and found a mob, 0:01:08.680 --> 0:01:11.200 brought them back to a garden where Jesus was praying, 0:01:11.640 --> 0:01:14.520 and told them the man I kiss is Jesus. He's 0:01:14.560 --> 0:01:19.200 the one you should seize Jesus was somehow hip to 0:01:19.240 --> 0:01:21.280 this and let it happen because it was all part 0:01:21.319 --> 0:01:26.120 of a prophecy. And for his betrayal, Judas was paid 0:01:26.200 --> 0:01:32.320 thirty pieces of silver. Betrayal, it turns out, is an 0:01:32.360 --> 0:01:35.160 inevitable byproduct of human passion. 0:01:36.880 --> 0:01:40.199 The ultimate cutting point is what happens when you discover an. 0:01:40.080 --> 0:01:42.880 Informer Catholic Left historian Charles Meconis. 0:01:42.920 --> 0:01:45.959 Because there will be informers sooner or later, you know, 0:01:46.040 --> 0:01:48.080 I mean, the government gets to have a vote in 0:01:48.120 --> 0:01:49.000 this kind of stuff. 0:01:49.400 --> 0:01:53.880 When humans get together, all believing passionately in something, there 0:01:53.920 --> 0:01:55.640 will always be conflict. 0:01:56.080 --> 0:01:58.680 And that's where the rubber hits the road. 0:01:58.880 --> 0:02:10.240 In a movement, there will always be betrayal. I'm Brendan 0:02:10.280 --> 0:02:15.800 Patrick Hughes, and this is Divine intervention, Chapter nine, the 0:02:15.880 --> 0:02:39.240 last two words. In Camden, New Jersey, twenty eight people 0:02:39.280 --> 0:02:41.960 had staged the last stand with a government that had 0:02:42.040 --> 0:02:45.919 learned how to crush dissent. Their raid was supposed to 0:02:46.040 --> 0:02:50.160 prove that the American people would always have a voice. Instead, 0:02:51.160 --> 0:02:55.080 the morning after the raid, after hours of interrogation in 0:02:55.160 --> 0:02:58.400 rooms that had been pre labeled with their names, the 0:02:58.480 --> 0:03:01.239 Camden twenty eight went off to jail. 0:03:01.480 --> 0:03:03.960 The women all went to a women's jail, and the 0:03:04.000 --> 0:03:05.840 men were all went to Atlanta County Jail. 0:03:06.240 --> 0:03:09.200 I think it was the very day after they ambushed 0:03:09.520 --> 0:03:13.440 the Camden twenty eight, Hoover puts out this big public announcement, 0:03:13.440 --> 0:03:15.800 we have broken the back of the Catholic left. 0:03:16.680 --> 0:03:19.959 The morning after the arrest, j Edgar Hoover and US 0:03:20.040 --> 0:03:23.680 Attorney General John Mitchell held a triumphant press conference in 0:03:23.720 --> 0:03:28.160 which they distributed pre assembled biographical information on each raider. 0:03:28.880 --> 0:03:31.640 Hoover said, I guess I want these people to go 0:03:31.639 --> 0:03:34.360 to jail for forty six years. Bob Knane he was 0:03:34.400 --> 0:03:38.000 going to take all his vengeance out on the Camden people. 0:03:38.240 --> 0:03:42.160 The FBI was convinced that in arresting the Camden twenty. 0:03:41.920 --> 0:03:44.120 Eight Bob Weed X Williamson, they. 0:03:44.040 --> 0:03:47.800 Had caught at least some of the media burglars. 0:03:48.040 --> 0:03:50.560 He had them in his clutches and he would see 0:03:50.600 --> 0:03:53.040 to it they were locked up for as many years 0:03:53.120 --> 0:03:53.840 as possible. 0:03:54.040 --> 0:03:55.760 So what was the Camden twenty eight? But all twenty 0:03:55.800 --> 0:03:57.120 eight of us were not even in Camden. 0:03:57.200 --> 0:03:59.680 Leanne Mosha was a driver on the night of the raid. 0:04:00.040 --> 0:04:02.280 Some people were arrested as co conspirators who were not 0:04:02.320 --> 0:04:04.640 even there that night, but they were charged with having 0:04:04.720 --> 0:04:06.880 been part of the planning or charged with part of 0:04:06.920 --> 0:04:09.200 the previous activities that led to the arrest. 0:04:09.360 --> 0:04:11.840 The newspaper is a constant horror story. 0:04:11.600 --> 0:04:13.960 Sarahtosi wrote to Patrick and Mary Anne. 0:04:14.080 --> 0:04:15.240 But things are stirring. 0:04:15.760 --> 0:04:18.120 The story was front page news in the New York 0:04:18.160 --> 0:04:22.640 Times and had features in Newsweek and Time Magazine. As 0:04:22.680 --> 0:04:26.360 the press rolled into Camden, Bob Hardy, the informer who 0:04:26.440 --> 0:04:31.840 betrayed them, all spent hours testifying before a grand jury. 0:04:32.240 --> 0:04:36.359 The informer was a complicated, complicated man. He went immediately 0:04:36.400 --> 0:04:38.320 to the FBI to tell us what we were doing, 0:04:38.360 --> 0:04:41.880 and they said, great, hang in there. He was the 0:04:41.880 --> 0:04:43.280 start witness for the prosecution. 0:04:43.920 --> 0:04:47.479 The following day, an indictment was handed down, charging twenty 0:04:47.520 --> 0:04:52.240 eight people with seven counts describing forty four over illegal acts. 0:04:53.520 --> 0:04:56.760 They faced over six hundred thousand dollars in bail and 0:04:56.800 --> 0:05:01.000 a maximum penalty of forty seven years in prison. 0:05:00.760 --> 0:05:03.280 Forty seven years and one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 0:05:03.080 --> 0:05:06.360 In fines, which in nineteen seventy one meant they would 0:05:06.360 --> 0:05:11.320 be released in the unfathomably science fiction year of twenty eighteen, 0:05:13.640 --> 0:05:17.800 Hoover was now riding high on his law enforcement triumph 0:05:17.839 --> 0:05:21.040 and he had, shall we say, taken notice of those 0:05:21.160 --> 0:05:23.799 raising money on behalf of the Camden defendants. 0:05:23.880 --> 0:05:26.920 Patrick and I. We were getting a lot of bail money, 0:05:27.279 --> 0:05:30.760 Jim Carroll and Ann Walsh, everyone was getting as much 0:05:30.800 --> 0:05:32.320 bail money together as we can. 0:05:32.520 --> 0:05:35.200 Patrick and Mary Anne were spending all their time together 0:05:35.680 --> 0:05:38.880 and gathering bail for Camden was the perfect cover to 0:05:38.960 --> 0:05:40.000 travel together. 0:05:39.839 --> 0:05:43.839 And Patrick and I took one quick trip down to 0:05:44.120 --> 0:05:48.040 Camden to bring the money down. The whole way we 0:05:48.040 --> 0:05:51.320 were being followed by the FBI, and we knew it. 0:05:51.400 --> 0:05:53.279 I mean you could see them. We'd get out of 0:05:53.320 --> 0:05:54.760 the car, they'd get out of the car. It was 0:05:55.279 --> 0:05:59.120 so obvious. So after Camden there was a Jane Doe 0:05:59.160 --> 0:06:02.919 warrant for my rest. The description, as I understand it 0:06:03.160 --> 0:06:06.680 was Paul Kooming's best friend who has long dark hare 0:06:07.040 --> 0:06:09.359 and that would only be one person, which would be me. 0:06:09.960 --> 0:06:13.479 Everybody I lived with had been arrested. They were all 0:06:13.520 --> 0:06:15.240 on the front page of the Boston Globe. 0:06:15.360 --> 0:06:18.440 Because of her kids, Marianne had to be careful, but 0:06:18.520 --> 0:06:21.400 she was also harboring a scandalous secret. 0:06:21.040 --> 0:06:25.599 And Miriam was bringing the money to Camden, right Ann Walsh. 0:06:25.720 --> 0:06:28.320 Simultaneously she was falling in love with Patrick. I mean 0:06:28.320 --> 0:06:33.239 they were about to actually Actually, what I'm talking about 0:06:33.320 --> 0:06:36.400 is like so many levels of motivation and stuff like 0:06:36.440 --> 0:06:39.839 that going on, and basically it's a big love story. 0:06:41.920 --> 0:06:43.800 If they might stay in a motel for the night 0:06:44.320 --> 0:06:47.520 somewhere between Camden and Boston, they would emerge the next 0:06:47.520 --> 0:06:50.640 morning and wave at their FBI tails, who would grumpily 0:06:50.680 --> 0:06:54.600 hoist their coffee cups and climb into a car. For 0:06:54.640 --> 0:06:58.440 a while, these two FBI agents were the only people 0:06:58.440 --> 0:07:01.160 in the world who knew of about Patrick and Marianne. 0:07:02.520 --> 0:07:05.200 It is horrifying if you think about being investigated by 0:07:05.279 --> 0:07:09.080 the FII. You know, most reasonable people would say it's 0:07:09.120 --> 0:07:10.360 pretty frightening experience. 0:07:10.880 --> 0:07:14.440 Hoover had hired a thousand agents just to intimidate the 0:07:14.440 --> 0:07:15.080 Catholic left. 0:07:15.160 --> 0:07:16.880 Patrick was very nervous that they were going to go 0:07:16.920 --> 0:07:18.920 to his parents, who were you know, they were well 0:07:18.960 --> 0:07:20.600 into their seventies at that time. 0:07:20.800 --> 0:07:24.080 And don't forget, these agents had something on Marianne. 0:07:24.360 --> 0:07:26.840 The FBI had gone to my father, and they had 0:07:26.840 --> 0:07:31.960 gone to my brother, and they had gone with photos. 0:07:31.400 --> 0:07:33.400 Not only was she helping a bunch of criminals in 0:07:33.440 --> 0:07:36.160 South Jersey, she was also in and out of motel 0:07:36.280 --> 0:07:38.320 rooms with the Roman Catholic priests. 0:07:38.480 --> 0:07:41.480 I think they threatened my brother with a subpoena, for instance, 0:07:41.800 --> 0:07:43.960 like that if he didn't tell them everything he knew 0:07:43.960 --> 0:07:47.080 about what I was doing, they would subpoena him. It 0:07:47.160 --> 0:07:52.640 shook his world. It shook his world. That probably wasn't 0:07:52.640 --> 0:07:54.360 the best way in the world for him to have 0:07:54.480 --> 0:07:55.760 learned that news. 0:07:57.800 --> 0:08:00.200 Her father then cut her out of his life. 0:08:00.360 --> 0:08:02.720 My father disowned me. 0:08:03.560 --> 0:08:06.920 And he and her brother left her on her own 0:08:07.480 --> 0:08:12.120 with her scandalous romantic relationship, her criminal friends, and her children. 0:08:16.200 --> 0:08:20.200 There's a joke about Irish Alzheimer's that you forget everything 0:08:20.240 --> 0:08:24.640 but the grudges. But Marianne, fifty years hence, was the 0:08:24.640 --> 0:08:27.800 opposite of that and could now see this situation from 0:08:27.880 --> 0:08:28.560 their side. 0:08:28.760 --> 0:08:32.600 Now I really appreciate how awful that had to be 0:08:32.640 --> 0:08:35.680 for them and for us. It was almost like a 0:08:35.720 --> 0:08:41.280 badge of honor, because at that point there was such 0:08:41.600 --> 0:08:45.439 a commitment to ending the war, and this was if 0:08:45.440 --> 0:08:49.079 these were the consequences, These were the consequences, and it 0:08:49.360 --> 0:08:55.480 was what cleaved the generations. It was those times. 0:08:55.679 --> 0:08:58.880 So Patrick and Marianne wore their badge of honor and 0:08:58.960 --> 0:09:01.920 along with Jim Carroll and Walsh and many others, they 0:09:01.960 --> 0:09:04.439 pressed on bailing out the Camden twenty eight. 0:09:04.520 --> 0:09:06.640 We were all bailed out because people all across the 0:09:06.640 --> 0:09:07.920 country put up their houses. 0:09:08.040 --> 0:09:11.439 They got people to take out second mortgages on their homes. 0:09:11.240 --> 0:09:13.280 And risk their houses just to get us all out 0:09:13.320 --> 0:09:13.640 of jail. 0:09:13.840 --> 0:09:17.360 And miraculously they managed to scrounge up the staggering sum 0:09:17.400 --> 0:09:24.600 of money needed to get everybody out of jail in Camden. 0:09:24.679 --> 0:09:27.679 Everyone was eventually freed and they began their trial prep 0:09:27.800 --> 0:09:28.400 in earnest. 0:09:28.720 --> 0:09:31.680 We were caught red handed cookie, so nobody even thought 0:09:31.679 --> 0:09:34.280 about trying to comp with the defense that would somehow say, 0:09:34.480 --> 0:09:38.080 oh you just misidentification or something. No defense right, So 0:09:38.160 --> 0:09:40.679 there was we were there. I put my odds to 0:09:40.760 --> 0:09:45.040 success at zero. Because there had never been an acquittal 0:09:45.120 --> 0:09:47.439 before any of the Draft Board rate cases. 0:09:47.440 --> 0:09:49.800 People had been convicted and sent to prison. 0:09:50.800 --> 0:09:55.120 They were doomed from the start, but nevertheless they persisted. 0:09:57.600 --> 0:10:01.760 Soon the Camden twenty eight case was a signed a judge, 0:10:02.200 --> 0:10:05.760 Judge Clarkson Fisher. He was a Catholic World War two 0:10:05.840 --> 0:10:09.720 that appointed by Nixon to the federal bench. Some of 0:10:09.760 --> 0:10:14.760 the defendants thought his assignment was intentionally provocative. A trial 0:10:14.880 --> 0:10:19.760 date was set from Monday, February fifth, nineteen seventy three. 0:10:20.679 --> 0:10:25.320 Mary Anne Patrick, the storm bruise on the horizon visible now, 0:10:26.120 --> 0:10:28.840 I mean the trial, yes, but so much more than 0:10:29.040 --> 0:10:32.920 just that word or reality, but every single level of 0:10:32.960 --> 0:10:34.800 my existence and beyond that. 0:10:35.120 --> 0:10:38.160 Lawyers had flocked to Camden in the hopes of representing 0:10:38.200 --> 0:10:41.640 the twenty eight defendants. They impressed on the twenty eight 0:10:41.760 --> 0:10:45.000 the deep shit they were in, the complex legal doctrines, 0:10:45.040 --> 0:10:48.440 and the byzantine government maneuvering that would need their expertise. 0:10:50.320 --> 0:10:53.320 But the defendants knew this was their only chance to 0:10:53.520 --> 0:10:57.920 talk about Vietnam as a context for their motivation, and 0:10:57.960 --> 0:11:01.640 because so many judges in previous trial had prevented such testimony, 0:11:02.120 --> 0:11:04.360 they realized their only shot at being able to speak 0:11:04.400 --> 0:11:09.640 freely was to represent themselves and go pro say so, 0:11:09.679 --> 0:11:11.640 they dismissed the hotshot lawyers. 0:11:13.040 --> 0:11:16.319 People made a decision to defend themselves without an attorney, 0:11:16.360 --> 0:11:18.160 so it was a bit of a mayhem scenario. 0:11:18.280 --> 0:11:21.360 At the end of the argument, twenty three went pro say, 0:11:21.679 --> 0:11:26.040 while five opted for co consul, they would represent themselves. 0:11:26.480 --> 0:11:28.960 They would go out with a bang, and they would 0:11:29.000 --> 0:11:34.480 attempt to put the Vietnam War itself on the stand. 0:11:35.120 --> 0:11:39.559 But two hours west on I seventy six in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 0:11:40.000 --> 0:11:42.960 Hoover's pet grand jury project and massive indictment of the 0:11:43.000 --> 0:11:46.800 movement had finally evolved into a trial accusing seven Catholic 0:11:46.920 --> 0:11:52.040 Left movement people, including Phil Brigan, of conspiracy. Some of 0:11:52.080 --> 0:11:55.679 the defendants in the government's conspiracy case were furious at 0:11:55.679 --> 0:11:59.760 the Camden people. One Harrisburg defendant described the Camden action 0:12:00.160 --> 0:12:06.360 as an activist expression of American individualism and obsession with heroism. 0:12:06.679 --> 0:12:09.719 But the Harrisburg defendants had not chosen to use their 0:12:09.760 --> 0:12:12.959 trial as a continuation of an action, and had instead 0:12:13.000 --> 0:12:17.520 gone into damage control and hired famous lawyers. The trial 0:12:17.679 --> 0:12:22.040 of the Harrisburg seven lasted six weeks. The government's star 0:12:22.160 --> 0:12:26.440 witness was Boyd Douglas, Phil Berigan's fellow inmate and confidante. 0:12:26.600 --> 0:12:30.000 So finally the Gotholic Left figures out that Boyd Douglas 0:12:30.679 --> 0:12:33.719 was the trader in the Harrisburg stuff. The letters which 0:12:33.800 --> 0:12:37.199 Boyd Douglas had been carrying out, photocopying, and handing straight 0:12:37.280 --> 0:12:40.480 to the FBI. Those were just awful to listen to 0:12:40.559 --> 0:12:42.439 in the court room because almost all of us that 0:12:42.520 --> 0:12:44.800 was the first time we ever became aware of them 0:12:45.160 --> 0:12:45.960 or heard them. 0:12:46.000 --> 0:12:48.480 And it was these letters that had revealed not only 0:12:48.559 --> 0:12:52.040 Dan Berrigan's whereabouts on Block Island which led to his arrest, 0:12:52.600 --> 0:12:56.440 but also the Kissinger kidnapping plot, which was what allowed 0:12:56.480 --> 0:12:59.960 Hoover to put millions of dollars behind crushing the cap 0:13:00.000 --> 0:13:05.800 Flick left. When the prosecution rested, the Harrisburg Seven's lawyer 0:13:05.840 --> 0:13:08.760 stood up and, to the astonishment of everyone in the courtroom, 0:13:09.080 --> 0:13:14.320 gave a sixteen word defense, your honor. He said, these 0:13:14.360 --> 0:13:18.000 defendants shall always seek peace, and they proclaim their innocence 0:13:18.040 --> 0:13:24.920 of these charges. The defense rests. The jury deliberated for 0:13:25.000 --> 0:13:29.680 seven days. At the verdict, the defendants began emptying their pockets. 0:13:29.800 --> 0:13:33.160 Everybody, including the defendants themselves, are expecting that they're gone. 0:13:33.400 --> 0:13:38.120 And the vote comes intent to too for acquittal, and 0:13:38.360 --> 0:13:39.240 we couldn't believe it. 0:13:40.760 --> 0:13:44.400 The Harrisburg Seven were free, but it was a pyrrhic victory. 0:13:45.679 --> 0:13:49.080 The Catholic Left movement was all but destroyed, decimated, by 0:13:49.160 --> 0:13:52.680 legal fees and infighting, with the war winding down and 0:13:52.800 --> 0:13:57.920 only the Camden trial left, and one month after the 0:13:58.000 --> 0:14:03.040 Harrisburg verdict, Jay Hoover, sworn enemy of the American Left, 0:14:03.600 --> 0:14:07.120 died of a heart attack on May twi nineteen seventy two. 0:14:07.559 --> 0:14:12.160 I definitely believe that that defeat ted Glick in that 0:14:12.280 --> 0:14:15.400 trial had something to do with him dying so quickly 0:14:15.640 --> 0:14:20.120 after that verdict. I'm sure he was really apoplectic about 0:14:20.120 --> 0:14:22.200 the fact that everybody got off from that. 0:14:25.520 --> 0:14:29.320 On February fifth, nineteen seventy three, the trial of the 0:14:29.400 --> 0:14:32.080 Candon twenty eight finally began. 0:14:34.240 --> 0:14:38.160 Yes s Zach same building. That courtroom is on the 0:14:38.200 --> 0:14:40.400 third floor, their draft boards on the fifth floor. 0:14:41.520 --> 0:14:45.560 On that day, Colonel William Noldy, the last combat soldier 0:14:45.600 --> 0:14:48.800 to be killed in Vietnam, was buried at Arlington National 0:14:48.800 --> 0:14:50.800 Cemetery in Washington. 0:14:50.440 --> 0:14:50.680 D c. 0:14:51.800 --> 0:14:55.440 The twenty eight defendants assembled in a packed ceremonial courtroom 0:14:55.760 --> 0:14:58.720 and discovered the prosecutor had put a deal on the. 0:14:58.680 --> 0:15:01.200 Table the day at the trial when we were supposed 0:15:01.200 --> 0:15:04.200 to start the case. They presented us with another offer. 0:15:04.520 --> 0:15:08.560 Number one. He had severed eight defendants, including Keith Forsyth, 0:15:08.840 --> 0:15:10.880 Leanne Mosha and Sarah Tosi, and. 0:15:10.840 --> 0:15:13.160 It seemed that there was no rationale. There were people 0:15:13.160 --> 0:15:15.480 who were kept in the whole group who were way 0:15:15.560 --> 0:15:17.800 less involved than we were. There were people who were 0:15:17.800 --> 0:15:21.080 more involved who were severed unclear how they made the decision. 0:15:21.560 --> 0:15:24.760 Dear Mary Anne, this is it. This is no drill. 0:15:25.600 --> 0:15:29.400 The government offered us a deal today like being in Woolworths. 0:15:30.000 --> 0:15:31.880 For the next half hour, you can get an ice 0:15:31.920 --> 0:15:35.720 cream Sunday for fifty three cents, short interruption in the music, 0:15:36.040 --> 0:15:39.560 and then on a package deal for the twenty eight 0:15:41.680 --> 0:15:43.840 oh leo that tastes as good as the seventy nine 0:15:43.880 --> 0:15:47.640 cent spread. I couldnot possibly scream loud enough. 0:15:49.320 --> 0:15:51.960 Number two a chance for many of them to walk 0:15:52.000 --> 0:15:53.880 away with a slap on the wrist and for the 0:15:53.880 --> 0:15:56.440 big fish to do relatively little prison time. 0:15:56.560 --> 0:15:58.160 We got an offer deal. 0:15:58.080 --> 0:16:02.480 Drop fifteen defendants, thirteen plead guilty to one charge, any 0:16:02.600 --> 0:16:06.360 charge our choice, you see, all must accept or no deal. 0:16:06.560 --> 0:16:09.920 That meant some people would walk, including like people with kids. 0:16:10.000 --> 0:16:12.320 And I mean, it was really a big deal, and 0:16:12.360 --> 0:16:13.920 we had to talk about it. So they gave us 0:16:13.920 --> 0:16:17.000 the courtroom and we had this big Powow all of 0:16:17.120 --> 0:16:20.600 us together and discussed whether we should go through with it. 0:16:21.440 --> 0:16:24.880 They met for nearly two hours, and there were strong 0:16:25.000 --> 0:16:26.680 arguments for taking the Plea deal. 0:16:26.560 --> 0:16:30.200 And it was really amazing conversations. And I mean some people, 0:16:30.280 --> 0:16:32.960 for God's sakes, their lives were everything was in jeopardy. 0:16:33.160 --> 0:16:35.160 Think of yourself now, right, You have kids, you have 0:16:35.200 --> 0:16:38.480 a partner, you have a job. But it didn't take 0:16:38.520 --> 0:16:41.080 long for us all the rehash of conversations we had 0:16:41.120 --> 0:16:44.080 as we were planning this action, which was why are 0:16:44.080 --> 0:16:46.600 we doing this, what do we want to accomplish, We've 0:16:46.640 --> 0:16:48.000 come this far, what should we do? 0:16:49.320 --> 0:16:52.320 Led by the raiders that faced certain jail time, there 0:16:52.360 --> 0:16:55.760 was suddenly a groundswell in their ranks to reject the 0:16:55.800 --> 0:16:57.480 government deal entirely. 0:16:57.960 --> 0:17:00.920 Basically, I was saying, you know, I'm willing to go 0:17:00.960 --> 0:17:01.440 to prison. 0:17:01.840 --> 0:17:04.159 The judge had allowed them to go pro say and 0:17:04.200 --> 0:17:08.560 defend themselves. This was the movement's first opportunity to really 0:17:08.640 --> 0:17:11.040 put the Vietnam War on trial, and. 0:17:11.280 --> 0:17:13.760 We had decided that the trial was as much a 0:17:13.800 --> 0:17:16.399 part of the action as the action itself, because it 0:17:16.440 --> 0:17:19.840 was going to be our opportunity to speak publicly about 0:17:19.920 --> 0:17:20.679 why we did it. 0:17:23.000 --> 0:17:26.280 They argued that they were all serious activists who'd already 0:17:26.320 --> 0:17:28.159 invested a year and a half of their lives and 0:17:28.200 --> 0:17:32.520 careers in facing up to the government, and this was 0:17:32.560 --> 0:17:37.200 their moment did risk the maximum jail penalty and take 0:17:37.240 --> 0:17:38.119 the case to trial. 0:17:39.920 --> 0:17:43.000 And then when we decided we were all in agreement 0:17:43.080 --> 0:17:45.440 that we would go to trial, we would reject their offer. 0:17:46.040 --> 0:17:48.520 Even those who could have walked away from it were 0:17:48.560 --> 0:17:51.640 so empowering. We all all tand in a circle and 0:17:52.040 --> 0:17:54.800 we knocked on the door to call the US marshall 0:17:54.880 --> 0:17:57.000 in to say, tell them we're ready for trial. 0:18:00.720 --> 0:18:02.640 Do you know the prosecutor was right? 0:18:02.720 --> 0:18:02.880 Oh? 0:18:02.920 --> 0:18:04.120 I would love to ask you about that. 0:18:04.280 --> 0:18:06.280 It was Donald Trump's brother in law. 0:18:06.800 --> 0:18:10.280 Are you kidding me? That is boker. 0:18:10.320 --> 0:18:12.800 I'm telling you. The story could write itself. 0:18:15.320 --> 0:18:19.560 That prosecutor John Berry was a formidable opponent and after 0:18:19.560 --> 0:18:22.440 they rejected his deal, he was hell bent for leather. 0:18:22.680 --> 0:18:24.359 So it was a three and a half month trial. 0:18:24.400 --> 0:18:26.640 We would have our trial during the day, and then 0:18:26.720 --> 0:18:29.959 after the trial we would all go and meet for 0:18:30.200 --> 0:18:34.359 a couple hours every friggin every day. I thought to myself, 0:18:34.400 --> 0:18:35.639 I never want to go to another meeting for the 0:18:35.680 --> 0:18:36.639 rest of my life after that. 0:18:36.920 --> 0:18:39.200 So, while twenty one people went to court every day 0:18:39.240 --> 0:18:42.160 for three months, Sarah and I were publishing a newsletter 0:18:42.359 --> 0:18:44.000 updates on what was happening in the trial. 0:18:44.119 --> 0:18:47.600 We paid for copies of transcripts and we reviewed those 0:18:47.640 --> 0:18:50.320 and talked about stuff, and we talked strategy every night. 0:18:50.480 --> 0:18:52.160 You know, what are we doing tomorrow? Who are we calling, 0:18:52.200 --> 0:18:53.280 what are they going to do? How are we going 0:18:53.320 --> 0:18:53.680 to do it? 0:18:53.800 --> 0:18:57.080 The opening statements took two days because there were twenty 0:18:57.119 --> 0:19:01.399 of them. Cookie wrote her as with kipt here. We 0:19:01.480 --> 0:19:04.880 are all here, she said, because a war was waged 0:19:04.920 --> 0:19:08.280 in Indo, China, not because a crime was committed in Camden. 0:19:09.200 --> 0:19:11.520 If we are guilty of anything, then it is our 0:19:11.600 --> 0:19:15.159 eagerness to take seriously the value of human life and 0:19:15.240 --> 0:19:18.119 to ponder in earnest what the destruction of thousands of 0:19:18.160 --> 0:19:26.840 lives must mean. Prosecutor Barry called a string of eleven 0:19:26.880 --> 0:19:31.160 witnesses over eighteen court days, nine of whom were FBI agents, 0:19:32.280 --> 0:19:35.520 and the defendants noticed a peculiar thing. When the FBI 0:19:35.600 --> 0:19:39.840 agents started taking the stand, they were all insisting that 0:19:39.920 --> 0:19:42.359 on the night of the arrest they had not drawn 0:19:42.400 --> 0:19:42.960 their guns. 0:19:43.200 --> 0:19:46.080 The FBI apparently made some kind of statement that their 0:19:46.119 --> 0:19:48.960 weapons were holstered when they arrested the Camden twenty eight. 0:19:49.520 --> 0:19:51.080 That is a complete lot. 0:19:52.240 --> 0:19:54.600 We were constantly raising it, isn't it true you had 0:19:54.600 --> 0:19:57.760 a gun? Though I was cross examining this agent, He's like, no, 0:19:57.920 --> 0:20:00.439 we didn't have guns, and I said, you're telling me 0:20:00.480 --> 0:20:03.000 you didn't. I'm argument, I get an objection, and the 0:20:03.080 --> 0:20:05.359 judge is saying, you know, what's the basis of your objection? 0:20:05.440 --> 0:20:08.480 Talking to the prosecute, the US attorney, And my argument was, Judge, 0:20:08.520 --> 0:20:10.040 I know he had a gun. I was there, I 0:20:10.080 --> 0:20:13.680 saw him. 0:20:12.400 --> 0:20:14.840 So I have not forgotten that, and nor have I 0:20:14.920 --> 0:20:17.680 forgiven that the idea that they came in with other 0:20:17.760 --> 0:20:19.280 guns and their holsters is bullshit. 0:20:19.320 --> 0:20:21.200 They did not want the image that they had pulled 0:20:21.240 --> 0:20:24.480 guns out on us, and they denied one after another. 0:20:24.680 --> 0:20:28.720 Their whole testimony became questionable because it seemed so crazy 0:20:28.800 --> 0:20:31.320 to think that they wouldn't pull out guns while they're 0:20:31.359 --> 0:20:32.199 arresting people. 0:20:32.800 --> 0:20:37.760 The agents were in lockstep on their strategy. Prosecutor Barry 0:20:38.000 --> 0:20:41.120 had an astounding level of details to put into evidence. 0:20:43.600 --> 0:20:47.880 As the prosecution's case was made, John Barry continually tried 0:20:47.920 --> 0:20:51.800 to introduce the defendants prior bad acts, earlier raids they 0:20:51.840 --> 0:20:54.159 might have pulled as a way to paint their guilt 0:20:54.200 --> 0:20:57.200 to the jury, with or without help from Bob Hardy 0:20:57.240 --> 0:21:02.320 in the FBI. But the defendant continually raised objections whenever 0:21:02.359 --> 0:21:05.480 he did this, sometimes all leaping to their feet at once. 0:21:07.480 --> 0:21:10.760 One hilarious irony throughout the proceeding was that the FBI 0:21:10.800 --> 0:21:13.840 had supported this raid, hoping they could catch whoever did media. 0:21:14.160 --> 0:21:16.399 But the Camden twenty eight were able to use the 0:21:16.440 --> 0:21:19.240 media documents as a basis for their cross examination. 0:21:20.200 --> 0:21:23.760 My favorite thing was cross examining FBI agents after they'd 0:21:23.760 --> 0:21:27.480 given their testimony and reading them from the files that 0:21:27.520 --> 0:21:30.240 we'd stolen in the media burglary, and ask them what 0:21:30.280 --> 0:21:30.760 they thought. 0:21:33.160 --> 0:21:36.600 And that's the best part of all. Unbeknownst to everyone 0:21:36.640 --> 0:21:40.639 in the courtroom, including his own co defendants, wed X 0:21:41.000 --> 0:21:44.200 was one of the media burglars, and brazenly he put 0:21:44.280 --> 0:21:46.960 himself forward as the foremost expert in the group on 0:21:47.040 --> 0:21:51.280 those particular documents. He argued that if the government wanted 0:21:51.320 --> 0:21:54.480 to introduce their prior bad acts, why couldn't he introduce 0:21:54.520 --> 0:21:58.800 the governments with the media papers. The judge denied his motion. 0:22:01.000 --> 0:22:04.200 During one of Cookie Ridolfi's crosses, she and a co 0:22:04.200 --> 0:22:06.440 consul came up with a way to illustrate just how 0:22:06.520 --> 0:22:10.200 much the FBI, through Bob Hardy, had in fact donated 0:22:10.240 --> 0:22:11.360 to the cause of this race. 0:22:11.480 --> 0:22:14.959 FBI provided a lot of supplies, you know, tools and 0:22:15.080 --> 0:22:16.040 money and this and that. 0:22:16.200 --> 0:22:19.240 So she used those tools as illustrations in open core. 0:22:19.400 --> 0:22:21.840 Let's pick up everything that he provided and should give 0:22:21.880 --> 0:22:23.639 them to the FBI agents one at a time and 0:22:23.680 --> 0:22:25.800 say where dis come from? Where disc come from? 0:22:25.880 --> 0:22:27.840 On the floor in front of the jury, she made 0:22:27.880 --> 0:22:30.760 one pile of evidence exhibits the FBI had paid for 0:22:30.920 --> 0:22:36.280 through Bob Hardy. It had ropes, wrenches, hammers, pliers, probars, tape, 0:22:36.480 --> 0:22:40.600 glass cutters, walkie talkies, binoculars, and the pile became very large. 0:22:41.840 --> 0:22:43.800 And then she made another pile of tools that the 0:22:43.840 --> 0:22:46.439 Cannon twenty eight had provided, and it consisted of some 0:22:46.560 --> 0:22:51.679 drill bits and a can of VH juice. Cookie pointed 0:22:51.720 --> 0:22:55.159 out how similarly the defendants and the FBI had operated 0:22:55.359 --> 0:22:58.399 leading up to the raid. And then she turned the 0:22:58.440 --> 0:23:01.679 tables on the FBI agent on the stand. Would it 0:23:01.680 --> 0:23:04.440 be fair to say? She asked that the FBI, for 0:23:04.480 --> 0:23:07.960 different reasons, was interested in seeing those draft files destroyed. 0:23:11.080 --> 0:23:13.320 The government rested its case on Friday. 0:23:15.200 --> 0:23:19.639 Now it's all getting close, verdict consequences. It clutches in 0:23:19.720 --> 0:23:26.399 my guts sometimes working hard overworking. But okay, as you know, 0:23:27.560 --> 0:23:31.760 loving empowers us to do things that seems so damn impossible. 0:23:36.400 --> 0:23:41.080 But what about Bob Hardy. Ever since the arrest and 0:23:41.160 --> 0:23:43.679 his grand jury testimony a year and a half prior, 0:23:44.240 --> 0:23:48.440 Bob Hardy had been going through hell. News that he 0:23:48.480 --> 0:23:51.560 had snitched to the FBI lost him friends and clients, 0:23:51.840 --> 0:23:55.800 and got his tires slashed. People called him names on 0:23:55.840 --> 0:23:56.919 the street, and. 0:23:56.960 --> 0:23:59.080 We didn't know to later that he was actually being 0:23:59.080 --> 0:24:00.440 paid for information. 0:24:00.880 --> 0:24:04.000 He received a letter from j Edgar Hoover saying, dear 0:24:04.040 --> 0:24:07.240 mister Hardy, I want to thank you for what you've done. 0:24:07.600 --> 0:24:09.640 You've done in ten weeks what it would have taken 0:24:09.680 --> 0:24:13.720 two hundred agents a year to accomplish. Our country is 0:24:13.800 --> 0:24:21.320 very grateful. And the envelope included fifty one hundred dollars bills. 0:24:22.320 --> 0:24:28.960 This was Bob Hardy's thirty pieces of silver. But then 0:24:29.800 --> 0:24:32.600 a month after the arrest, there was a knock at 0:24:32.600 --> 0:24:32.960 the door. 0:24:33.119 --> 0:24:35.639 He was on his way out. He was taking his 0:24:35.720 --> 0:24:37.680 kids out to go get some shoes. 0:24:37.920 --> 0:24:40.080 The Hoover money had loosened things up a bit for 0:24:40.160 --> 0:24:41.200 his family, and. 0:24:41.400 --> 0:24:43.320 When he got to the front door, somebody was there, 0:24:43.520 --> 0:24:46.280 was a reporter from the Inquirer, and he said, okay, 0:24:46.280 --> 0:24:48.040 come on in, and he told the kids to go play. 0:24:48.080 --> 0:24:49.960 He would be with them. Shortly, his nine year. 0:24:49.880 --> 0:24:52.560 Old son, Billy, began climbing a tree and when a 0:24:52.600 --> 0:24:54.760 neighbor yelled at him, in his haste to get down, 0:24:55.240 --> 0:24:55.840 he slipped. 0:24:56.240 --> 0:24:58.920 His son fell out of the tree, was a pale 0:24:58.960 --> 0:24:59.520 on the fence. 0:25:00.920 --> 0:25:04.080 Three spikes went into his son's stomach and he had 0:25:04.119 --> 0:25:08.520 to be rushed to the hospital. Father Mike Doyle went 0:25:08.560 --> 0:25:09.680 immediately to be with. 0:25:09.680 --> 0:25:13.359 Him, and Michael Doyle went to the hospital to pray 0:25:13.440 --> 0:25:16.840 with the child. I mean, Michael just has so much goodness. 0:25:16.960 --> 0:25:18.840 You know that he would not let that stop him 0:25:18.840 --> 0:25:20.760 from supporting party's family. 0:25:21.040 --> 0:25:24.800 And knowing that he had been the informer, all the people, 0:25:24.800 --> 0:25:27.640 all the Canon twenty eight People's supporters, everybody else showed 0:25:27.720 --> 0:25:30.960 up in support of Bob Hardy Stanley. I mean that time. 0:25:32.800 --> 0:25:36.320 Billy Hardy held on for three weeks before succumbing to 0:25:36.440 --> 0:25:37.680 his injuries. 0:25:39.119 --> 0:25:41.639 So he lost I think he was nine. 0:25:41.800 --> 0:25:43.560 His little boy, Mary Anne. 0:25:43.320 --> 0:25:48.280 And of course everyone from the community went to the 0:25:48.320 --> 0:25:51.399 funeral and went to the wake and were heartbroken for 0:25:51.480 --> 0:25:56.160 him about having lost his child, and he was so 0:25:56.240 --> 0:26:00.000 overcome with grief and so overcome. The people obviously completely 0:26:00.119 --> 0:26:02.840 forgave him for whatever he did and came and had 0:26:03.000 --> 0:26:08.240 enormous sympathy and real condolence for him. 0:26:08.240 --> 0:26:11.840 Despite their differences. Bob Hardy asked Father Mike Doyle to 0:26:11.920 --> 0:26:14.040 officiate his son's funeral mass. 0:26:14.040 --> 0:26:15.840 Many members of the kim in twenty eight who were 0:26:15.840 --> 0:26:18.199 in town at the time went to the funeral offered 0:26:18.200 --> 0:26:21.639 support and sympathy to Bob and his wife, which I 0:26:21.680 --> 0:26:23.720 think he was aghast at, because I mean, he just 0:26:23.840 --> 0:26:25.240 sold everybody down the river. 0:26:25.720 --> 0:26:28.200 When that happened. We went and we went in to 0:26:28.320 --> 0:26:30.560 the church and was so bizarre. There was like, you know, 0:26:30.640 --> 0:26:33.159 a wedding and have the grooves side and the brideside. 0:26:33.480 --> 0:26:36.400 Well there was the FBI Asian side and our side, 0:26:36.760 --> 0:26:38.160 and it was quite a scene. 0:26:38.920 --> 0:26:42.639 But he apparently began to think it was a punishment 0:26:43.560 --> 0:26:51.600 for what he had done. 0:26:53.359 --> 0:26:56.399 There is new scholarship about the story of Judas Iscariot. 0:26:57.800 --> 0:27:00.440 A Gospel of Judas was discovered in e in the 0:27:00.520 --> 0:27:05.679 nineteen seventies. New translations suggests the word betrayer may have 0:27:05.720 --> 0:27:08.919 been a bridge too far, and in fact Judas may 0:27:08.960 --> 0:27:11.600 simply have been attempting to hand over Jesus to the 0:27:11.640 --> 0:27:14.120 High Priest so that they could broke or some sort 0:27:14.160 --> 0:27:20.399 of peace. But after Jesus's capture, Judas quickly became aware 0:27:20.440 --> 0:27:23.879 of the High Priest's intentions and tried to return the silver. 0:27:26.320 --> 0:27:30.240 This messy version feels more human, and Judas was, above 0:27:30.280 --> 0:27:35.600 all a human being. Bob Hardy, you may remember, was 0:27:35.680 --> 0:27:38.480 upset after they did the dry run because he had 0:27:38.520 --> 0:27:42.119 carefully arranged for his Camden friends like father Mike Doyle, 0:27:42.520 --> 0:27:44.840 not to be part of the dry run so they 0:27:44.880 --> 0:27:48.200 wouldn't be there when the FBI swooped in to arrest everybody. 0:27:49.520 --> 0:27:52.320 He maintained he wanted to protect his local friends from 0:27:52.359 --> 0:27:55.560 the out of town interlopers and that the FBI had 0:27:55.560 --> 0:27:59.000 agreed to let his people walk. But on the night 0:27:59.040 --> 0:28:02.119 of the arrest, the FBI agent stood down for two 0:28:02.200 --> 0:28:06.359 hours while all the raiders, including the local candidates, racked 0:28:06.440 --> 0:28:11.800 up more and more charges. Bob Hardy, who believed in 0:28:11.840 --> 0:28:14.320 what he had done in the name of justice, now 0:28:14.359 --> 0:28:17.960 saw that perhaps he picked the wrong side and began 0:28:18.000 --> 0:28:18.399 to waver. 0:28:19.240 --> 0:28:20.920 And so then I think the government didn't know what 0:28:21.000 --> 0:28:23.200 the hell to do with him, because he was flopping. 0:28:23.480 --> 0:28:28.159 You know, who am my friend? Where do my sympathies lie? 0:28:28.200 --> 0:28:30.760 Hardy met with his FBI handler and told him of 0:28:30.800 --> 0:28:34.720 his discontent. The agent told him to keep it to 0:28:34.800 --> 0:28:37.560 himself or he might end up hit by a truck 0:28:37.600 --> 0:28:38.040 one day. 0:28:39.000 --> 0:28:41.479 And that's the point at which she said, I'm not 0:28:41.680 --> 0:28:43.840 doing this. I can't inform on these people. 0:28:44.600 --> 0:28:46.360 And he then turned on the FBI. 0:28:49.320 --> 0:28:54.520 And then the betrayer betrayed those who had betrayed him. 0:28:54.760 --> 0:28:57.280 He told Father Mike Doyle he wanted to write down 0:28:57.280 --> 0:28:59.760 what he knew in order to protect himself and his family. 0:29:00.720 --> 0:29:03.600 And a key piece of the puzzle now became clear 0:29:03.680 --> 0:29:09.560 to the defendants. Without Hardy, without the FBI, this raid 0:29:09.920 --> 0:29:10.960 never would have happened. 0:29:12.160 --> 0:29:14.160 They were not going to do this. They had decided 0:29:14.200 --> 0:29:16.800 to quit. I was a provocateur in effect. 0:29:17.800 --> 0:29:20.479 The Canden Crew, you'll remember, had all but given up 0:29:20.480 --> 0:29:23.360 when Hardy first entered the action and cajoled them to 0:29:23.440 --> 0:29:31.160 keep going. So during the trial. After the prosecution rested 0:29:31.160 --> 0:29:35.440 their case, the first outside witness called by the defense 0:29:36.560 --> 0:29:41.600 was Bob Hardy. 0:29:40.240 --> 0:29:44.840 So he in the trial testified on behalf of the defendants. 0:29:46.080 --> 0:29:50.520 Mary Anne Patrick. Bob Hardy walked down the street today, 0:29:51.080 --> 0:29:56.760 What a dizzy, spiraling crunch, the stench of gas, eerie 0:29:56.800 --> 0:30:03.000 street's triumph of tattered files, shot buckles, chains bars. He 0:30:03.080 --> 0:30:08.320 takes the stand Tuesday, Robert W. Hardy informer. 0:30:10.240 --> 0:30:12.560 It was the first time in the history of the 0:30:12.680 --> 0:30:16.320 United States that a government informer had been called as 0:30:16.320 --> 0:30:19.120 a witness by the defense rather than the prosecution. 0:30:19.800 --> 0:30:21.880 You just said, these were the most wonderful people I've 0:30:21.920 --> 0:30:26.160 ever known, courageous and gentle and non violent and committed. 0:30:26.200 --> 0:30:28.480 He said, Well, when it came to knowing how to 0:30:28.520 --> 0:30:34.280 do a burglary, they were really, really hopeless. There you 0:30:34.360 --> 0:30:38.400 have it, kind of an epitaph of the Catholic Left. Wonderful, beautiful, moral, 0:30:38.440 --> 0:30:41.840 serious people, but really third rate burglars. 0:30:43.360 --> 0:30:46.400 He testified that when he had offered Keith Forsyth the 0:30:46.480 --> 0:30:49.600 gun in his van, it was because the FBI wanted 0:30:49.600 --> 0:30:52.600 to find out if they were violent. He testified to 0:30:52.640 --> 0:30:55.800 how encouraging the FBI was in his involvement, and how 0:30:55.800 --> 0:30:58.040 they reimbursed him and paid him for his trouble. 0:30:58.800 --> 0:31:01.640 Bob Hardy bought me a strawberry milkshake in the White 0:31:01.720 --> 0:31:05.520 Tower Tuesday after court, trying to look someone in the eye, 0:31:05.560 --> 0:31:07.520 and everything is slightly out of focus. 0:31:08.760 --> 0:31:12.320 Such was the ballad of Bob Hardy, not a friend 0:31:12.360 --> 0:31:18.360 in the world, a betrayer, betrayed, silver pieces scattered across 0:31:18.360 --> 0:31:22.680 the temple floor, with only his intentions and best laid 0:31:22.720 --> 0:31:33.160 plans and a strawberry milkshake to keep him company. For 0:31:33.240 --> 0:31:35.920 the rest of the Camden twenty eighth defense case, they 0:31:35.960 --> 0:31:38.960 turned the courtroom into a symposium on the war. 0:31:39.280 --> 0:31:41.920 It was really quite a spectacle and wonderful. A lot 0:31:41.920 --> 0:31:44.600 of good testimony, a lot of people came forward. The 0:31:44.680 --> 0:31:46.080 judge was incredibly lenient. 0:31:46.600 --> 0:31:50.600 Prosecutor Barry vigorously objected to everything that wasn't about the 0:31:50.640 --> 0:31:56.400 specific case in Camden, But the judge astoundingly decided he 0:31:56.480 --> 0:31:59.160 did not want the jury to be weighing the defendants' 0:31:59.160 --> 0:32:00.760 fates in a vacuum. 0:32:01.240 --> 0:32:04.120 He gave them as much leeway as you could possibly 0:32:04.160 --> 0:32:07.320 have hoped for. After year after year after year after year, 0:32:07.360 --> 0:32:10.760 you know, objection, your honor sustain. Objection, your honor, sustain, 0:32:11.080 --> 0:32:13.360 this is not about the war in Vietnam. It's about 0:32:13.400 --> 0:32:17.240 a criminal act. Objection, your honor. The judge said, well, 0:32:17.880 --> 0:32:22.360 I'm going to deny your motion, mister prosecutor. I think 0:32:22.440 --> 0:32:25.360 we need to hear the context that these people were 0:32:25.400 --> 0:32:27.960 doing these things in or it'll be incomprehensible. 0:32:28.040 --> 0:32:31.000 He started to let more and more testimony in, and 0:32:31.080 --> 0:32:34.240 sometimes he would let testimony said, but he'd have the 0:32:34.320 --> 0:32:39.480 jury excused. Other times he just got so fascinated himself 0:32:39.640 --> 0:32:42.840 by the stories that were being told that he was 0:32:42.960 --> 0:32:45.680 riveted by what was gone on in the court room. 0:32:45.800 --> 0:32:49.240 This gave them the opening they needed to finally make 0:32:49.280 --> 0:32:52.120 the movement's case on behalf of all the raids that 0:32:52.160 --> 0:32:52.960 had come before. 0:32:53.240 --> 0:32:55.360 So we were guilty on all charges, and we were 0:32:55.400 --> 0:32:58.240 saying we were guilty on all charges by law. But 0:32:58.360 --> 0:33:02.040 we presented the argument like a fire department breaking into 0:33:02.080 --> 0:33:05.680 a burning building to save people. This building of the 0:33:05.760 --> 0:33:08.920 United States was burning, and we were breaking into save 0:33:09.000 --> 0:33:12.040 lives in Vietnam, to save our own soldiers' lives. 0:33:12.400 --> 0:33:14.520 One of the defendants felt that the best way for 0:33:14.560 --> 0:33:17.440 her to testify to her motives was to ask Sarah 0:33:17.480 --> 0:33:20.240 Tosi to sing a song on the witness stand by Peter, 0:33:20.320 --> 0:33:25.840 Paul and Mary called the Great Mandela. Singing together was 0:33:25.880 --> 0:33:28.800 a major part of the Camden twenty eight culture, and 0:33:28.880 --> 0:33:31.880 the song summed up perfectly their objections to the war 0:33:32.080 --> 0:33:32.760 and the draft. 0:33:34.560 --> 0:33:39.920 Sarah was extremely smart, very thoughtful, cerebral intense. She had 0:33:39.920 --> 0:33:43.680 an intensity about her. We sang a lot of duets 0:33:44.000 --> 0:33:46.440 when she played her guitar, you know, like Jacquearl songs 0:33:46.480 --> 0:33:49.280 and the Great Mandala. I mean we had this like repertoire. 0:33:49.360 --> 0:33:50.080 We would sing. 0:33:50.240 --> 0:33:52.200 People say, oh, Sarah, can you play your guitar? 0:33:52.240 --> 0:33:52.920 Can you guys sing? 0:33:53.680 --> 0:33:56.240 The judge, of course, had never heard such a proposal 0:33:56.320 --> 0:34:00.240 in all his years on the bench, but eventually he 0:34:00.320 --> 0:34:02.920 consented to allow Sarah to sing the song from the 0:34:03.000 --> 0:34:06.520 stand with the jury absent from the courtroom. 0:34:06.520 --> 0:34:11.280 Mary Anne Patrick Thursday, I gave something called an order 0:34:11.320 --> 0:34:14.800 of proof. I walked the witness stand with my guitar 0:34:14.920 --> 0:34:18.480 on my shoulder, and I sang the Great Mandela. The 0:34:18.560 --> 0:34:22.000 judge sat to the right, creaking in his chair. The 0:34:22.040 --> 0:34:26.440 prosecutors sat in front of me. I sang into their faces. 0:34:27.239 --> 0:34:31.319 I sang till those damn walls echoed till the typewriters 0:34:31.400 --> 0:34:35.080 stopped in the clerk's office, till heads bowed over the 0:34:35.120 --> 0:34:35.960 defense table. 0:34:37.040 --> 0:34:38.439 The prosecutor rose up. 0:34:38.840 --> 0:34:42.759 This is a travesty, he said, Yeah, I sang my 0:34:42.920 --> 0:34:44.560 guts out to federal ears. 0:34:49.320 --> 0:34:52.600 The following day, in open court, the judge said that 0:34:52.640 --> 0:34:55.160 the performance was respectful and reverential. 0:35:02.640 --> 0:35:05.480 I can't begin to speculate where it's all headed, but 0:35:05.560 --> 0:35:11.240 it's spring again, quiet, rainy evening, and courage revered. Hoping 0:35:11.440 --> 0:35:14.760 flows not easily, but it flows. 0:35:16.400 --> 0:35:20.760 Then Paul Koming took the stand. Six of the raiders 0:35:20.760 --> 0:35:24.040 had met at his sanctuary at the Paulice Center. The 0:35:24.080 --> 0:35:27.520 prosecutor did everything he could in his cross examination to 0:35:27.600 --> 0:35:30.600 get Paul to admit to prior bad acts and fill 0:35:30.680 --> 0:35:34.200 the government's gaps and knowledge about the Catholic less previous activity. 0:35:35.480 --> 0:35:38.400 The defendants then accused Prosecutor Barry of being on a 0:35:38.400 --> 0:35:42.759 fishing expedition for incriminating testimony. When he would ask Paul 0:35:42.880 --> 0:35:46.680 questions like did you participate in the Boston raid? At once, 0:35:46.719 --> 0:35:50.280 the defendants would all leap to their feet. Paul replied, 0:35:50.360 --> 0:35:52.840 as far as giving any more information to indict myself 0:35:52.920 --> 0:35:55.200 on any other charges. I don't think it is right. 0:35:55.520 --> 0:35:58.080 If the Constitution agrees with me, then so be it, 0:35:59.239 --> 0:36:01.440 to which the judge said, I take it you are 0:36:01.440 --> 0:36:03.759 invoking the Fifth Amendment in not replying to the question. 0:36:03.880 --> 0:36:07.800 Is that right? And Kooming responded if the Fifth Amendment 0:36:07.880 --> 0:36:14.240 says what I said? Okay. Weed X, once again throwing 0:36:14.280 --> 0:36:16.880 caution to the wind, then stood up and reminded the 0:36:16.960 --> 0:36:20.040 judge that he had been prohibited from asking about the 0:36:20.160 --> 0:36:23.200 FBI's prior bad acts as revealed by the media papers. 0:36:24.680 --> 0:36:26.919 If mister Barry is going to be permitted to ask 0:36:27.040 --> 0:36:30.000 specific questions which could lead to indictment of any of 0:36:30.040 --> 0:36:32.680 my brothers or sisters, he said, that, to me would 0:36:32.719 --> 0:36:36.080 represent a travesty of justice. It will indicate, at least 0:36:36.080 --> 0:36:38.640 to my own mind, that the American system of justice 0:36:38.680 --> 0:36:42.600 is directed only against little people and not against representatives 0:36:42.640 --> 0:36:47.040 of the government itself. The Kendon twenty eight then called 0:36:47.120 --> 0:36:49.759 Dan Berrigan and Phil Berrigan to the stand, as they 0:36:49.800 --> 0:36:52.560 were both finally out of jail, and when Dan was 0:36:52.600 --> 0:36:57.320 asked about informers, he responded as follows, even though Judas 0:36:57.400 --> 0:37:00.840 was in our midst we weren't allowed to destroy or 0:37:00.880 --> 0:37:05.680 harm him. By late April, the defense had two more 0:37:05.719 --> 0:37:10.759 witnesses to go. The first was Howard Zen. 0:37:11.200 --> 0:37:14.800 I testified during the Vietnam War and a bunch of trials. 0:37:15.520 --> 0:37:17.840 You know, there were all these trials of the you know, 0:37:17.880 --> 0:37:22.640 the Baltimore four, the Catonsville nine, the Milwaukee fourteen, the 0:37:22.680 --> 0:37:27.520 Camden twenty eighth. I testified as a so called expert witness. 0:37:28.040 --> 0:37:30.360 Previous trials had taken place in the midst of the war. 0:37:30.760 --> 0:37:34.600 By this time, the war was reaching its end. The 0:37:34.680 --> 0:37:39.279 anti war movement had become huge, the country had turned 0:37:39.320 --> 0:37:42.760 against the war, and I believe that in this atmosphere 0:37:43.120 --> 0:37:48.640 the judge was more open to an anti war protest 0:37:49.160 --> 0:37:50.040 by the defenders. 0:37:50.080 --> 0:37:52.719 So that made it possible for Howard Zen to get 0:37:52.760 --> 0:37:55.040 up there and give his lengthy testimony, which he had 0:37:55.080 --> 0:37:56.920 never been allowed to give, at least in front of 0:37:56.920 --> 0:38:00.760 a jury before, and every trial he had been asked 0:38:00.760 --> 0:38:04.040 to testify in about what the war in Vietnam was 0:38:04.040 --> 0:38:04.600 really about. 0:38:04.680 --> 0:38:08.040 They'd not committed in just a crime that wasn't simply 0:38:08.080 --> 0:38:11.600 breaking an entry. They weren't criminals. They were committing acts 0:38:11.640 --> 0:38:15.560 of civil disobedience, and civil disobedience was an honorable tradition 0:38:16.000 --> 0:38:20.120 in American history. So that was my job to talk 0:38:20.160 --> 0:38:23.440 about the history of civil disobedience. I started with a 0:38:23.440 --> 0:38:26.839 Declaration of Independence, which, after all, is you might say, 0:38:26.880 --> 0:38:29.120 a manifesto for civil disobedience. 0:38:30.120 --> 0:38:32.520 Howard's first point to the jury was that we are 0:38:32.600 --> 0:38:36.160 all taught that the law is holy, but this misses 0:38:36.160 --> 0:38:40.319 the distinction between law and justice. Law and justice don't 0:38:40.320 --> 0:38:44.560 coincide very often, he said, and when a law perpetuates injustice, 0:38:45.239 --> 0:38:46.560 it must not be obeyed. 0:38:46.680 --> 0:38:49.680 He testified for at least a day. I mean, it 0:38:49.760 --> 0:38:51.080 was long testimony. 0:38:51.239 --> 0:38:51.840 The jurors. 0:38:51.920 --> 0:38:53.360 You could hear a pin drop in that room the 0:38:53.400 --> 0:38:53.920 whole time. 0:38:54.160 --> 0:38:56.400 Zin then laid out for the jury what had recently 0:38:56.400 --> 0:38:59.880 been revealed in the leaked Pentagon Papers. The papers contained 0:38:59.880 --> 0:39:03.600 the astonishing revelation that the government had been lying to 0:39:03.640 --> 0:39:06.799 the American people for years about this war. 0:39:07.200 --> 0:39:11.840 I spoke to the jury for about five hours telling 0:39:11.880 --> 0:39:13.880 them what was in the Pentagon Papers. 0:39:14.600 --> 0:39:17.640 Among the more shocking elements of the Pentagon Papers was 0:39:17.680 --> 0:39:21.799 this sentence. We must note that South Vietnam, unlike any 0:39:21.840 --> 0:39:24.759 of the other countries in Southeast Asia, was essentially the 0:39:24.840 --> 0:39:29.560 creation of the United States. Remember how I told you 0:39:29.600 --> 0:39:33.680 the US government had installed Cardinal Spelman's handpicked Catholic mystic 0:39:33.719 --> 0:39:37.480 friend in Vietnam. This had finally been revealed by the 0:39:37.480 --> 0:39:41.239 Pentagon Papers, and Howard Zinn spent the day informing the 0:39:41.320 --> 0:39:45.120 jury about it. But in fact, the US interest in 0:39:45.239 --> 0:39:49.400 Vietnam's resources had actually begun in the post war nineteen forties, 0:39:50.080 --> 0:39:50.800 and it came. 0:39:50.640 --> 0:39:54.960 Down to be in about ten, rubber, and oil, and 0:39:55.040 --> 0:39:58.280 that those were three commodities that they had in Vietnam. 0:39:58.440 --> 0:40:01.960 The ten could be mine there, the rubber was grown there, 0:40:02.080 --> 0:40:05.680 and the oil was already known to exist in the 0:40:05.760 --> 0:40:07.800 China Sea off the Vietnamese coast. 0:40:08.640 --> 0:40:11.840 Fifty eight thousand young American soldiers had now died in 0:40:11.960 --> 0:40:15.840 Vietnam for tin, rubber, and oil. 0:40:16.160 --> 0:40:20.319 And then in the middle of Howard's end's testimony, the 0:40:20.520 --> 0:40:26.239 key element happened was that this loud, loud sobbing at 0:40:26.239 --> 0:40:30.480 the top of her voice was Bobby Good's mother was 0:40:30.520 --> 0:40:32.040 in the audience listening to him. 0:40:32.239 --> 0:40:35.040 Bob Good was one of the Camden twenty eight defendants. 0:40:35.160 --> 0:40:39.840 Well, Bobby's Goods brother Paul Good, had been killed in Vietnam. 0:40:40.760 --> 0:40:44.040 Her mother was in the audience listening to Howard's Inn 0:40:44.560 --> 0:40:49.000 and hearing all the faint little threads of hope she 0:40:49.040 --> 0:40:52.320 had that her son had died in Vietnam for something 0:40:52.400 --> 0:40:58.759 worthwhile totally taken away, and that her son had died 0:40:58.960 --> 0:41:02.840 not for the people Vietnam, not for freedom in the world, 0:41:03.080 --> 0:41:06.759 but it died because of corporate greed and ten and 0:41:06.840 --> 0:41:15.600 oil and rubber. She just sobbed this incredibly powerful sobbing. 0:41:15.680 --> 0:41:19.520 It just stunned the whole court. And it wasn't anything 0:41:19.560 --> 0:41:23.000 the judge could overrule, you know. It came from the audience. 0:41:23.640 --> 0:41:26.759 But she solved for just for a minute or two, 0:41:27.680 --> 0:41:31.080 but it stunned everybody, and nobody dared to say anything 0:41:31.120 --> 0:41:32.839 to her or to stop her. 0:41:36.239 --> 0:41:40.520 And then Bob Good's mother, Betty Good, took the stand herself. 0:41:40.800 --> 0:41:43.680 She said, I can't testify. I'm too upset, Bhlah about 0:41:43.760 --> 0:41:46.440 did you have to testify? So she gets on the 0:41:46.440 --> 0:41:49.200 witness stand, and that was I think truly the highest 0:41:49.280 --> 0:41:50.520 moment of the entire tribe. 0:41:50.600 --> 0:41:53.280 She gets on the stand and tells the story about 0:41:53.320 --> 0:41:56.319 how what she had just gone through and why she 0:41:56.520 --> 0:41:59.919 was crying out loud, and then such agony was because 0:41:59.920 --> 0:42:03.520 she realized her son had died in vain, that her 0:42:03.560 --> 0:42:08.320 son had died without purpose, without any good purpose. 0:42:08.600 --> 0:42:11.160 And now I find out, after listening to professors in 0:42:11.760 --> 0:42:14.319 that my boy he went over there not for any 0:42:14.400 --> 0:42:17.600 good reason or moral reason or justified reason, but he 0:42:17.640 --> 0:42:20.080 went over there for rubber tin and oil. And I 0:42:20.120 --> 0:42:22.359 am so angry that I was ever proud to put 0:42:22.400 --> 0:42:23.240 him on that plane. 0:42:23.280 --> 0:42:25.799 And then she turned immediately to the jury and said, 0:42:25.840 --> 0:42:30.680 and it's these people that are doing the good. They're 0:42:30.719 --> 0:42:33.440 doing what we failed to do. She's talking to the 0:42:33.520 --> 0:42:38.799 jury is up here saying we failed. My son Paul 0:42:39.040 --> 0:42:42.840 died because I failed to recognize and to stand up earlier. 0:42:43.280 --> 0:42:46.120 These people today and that are we're putting on trial 0:42:46.480 --> 0:42:49.880 had no choice but to do what they did, and 0:42:49.920 --> 0:42:51.719 we should be thankful for what they did. 0:42:53.560 --> 0:42:56.239 We should get out of this, she closed. But not 0:42:56.400 --> 0:42:59.480 one of us, not one of us, raised our hands 0:42:59.480 --> 0:43:03.520 to do anything about it. We left it up to 0:43:03.560 --> 0:43:06.080 these people for them to do it, and now we 0:43:06.120 --> 0:43:07.560 are prosecuting them for it. 0:43:07.800 --> 0:43:12.200 That testimony just blew everyone away. It blew the judge away, 0:43:12.480 --> 0:43:14.160 It blewed the jury away. 0:43:16.120 --> 0:43:19.160 One defendant noticed a tear in Judge Fisher's eye when 0:43:19.200 --> 0:43:26.480 Betty Good's testimony was done. By the time it came 0:43:26.520 --> 0:43:30.120 to closing arguments. The marshals and the stenographers had all 0:43:30.160 --> 0:43:32.239 fallen in love with the Camden twenty eight. 0:43:32.360 --> 0:43:34.919 The marshals, who in the beginning were putting us through 0:43:34.920 --> 0:43:38.600 metal defectors, started wearing twenty eight buttons under their lapels. 0:43:38.840 --> 0:43:41.759 The trial had gone on for over three months and 0:43:41.840 --> 0:43:44.239 the Canden twenty eight had made the courtroom something of 0:43:44.280 --> 0:43:48.040 a home for the jurors. Father Mike Doyle had the 0:43:48.080 --> 0:43:51.439 final closing statement before Prosecutor Barry would give his own. 0:43:52.160 --> 0:43:55.439 Father Doyle said, now I don't feel comfortable that John 0:43:55.520 --> 0:43:58.520 Barry has the last word. I was thinking about that, 0:43:59.080 --> 0:44:00.880 and I was thinking, but that he doesn't have the 0:44:00.960 --> 0:44:04.440 last word. You have the last word. And then I 0:44:04.480 --> 0:44:08.239 was thinking about that, and I think you have the 0:44:08.320 --> 0:44:15.080 last two words. Then Prosecutor John Barry stood up in 0:44:15.120 --> 0:44:18.759 no uncertain terms. He told the jury the defendants had 0:44:18.800 --> 0:44:23.200 broken the law and that political motivation cannot be used 0:44:23.280 --> 0:44:27.000 as a defense. And when he was done, he thanked 0:44:27.080 --> 0:44:30.440 the jury, to whom the fate of the Camden twenty 0:44:30.480 --> 0:44:35.240 eight would now be entrusted. When you sit on a jury, 0:44:35.360 --> 0:44:38.200 the first thing that happens after both cases rest, before 0:44:38.239 --> 0:44:41.000 you go into deliberation is that the judge gives you 0:44:41.040 --> 0:44:44.040 instructions and advises you on the meaning of the laws 0:44:44.040 --> 0:44:49.279 you are applying. Judge Fisher told the jury regarding the defendants, 0:44:49.719 --> 0:44:53.719 the law does not recognize religious or moral convictions or 0:44:53.719 --> 0:44:57.240 some higher law as justification for the commission of a crime, 0:44:57.719 --> 0:45:02.440 no matter how noble that motive may be. I charge you. 0:45:02.719 --> 0:45:05.840 He said that you may not treat the defendants beliefs 0:45:05.880 --> 0:45:08.880 with respect to the war in Vietnam or other possible 0:45:08.920 --> 0:45:12.360 injustices to which you have heard references as a possible 0:45:12.440 --> 0:45:19.120 negation of criminal intent. The defendant's hearts were gradually sinking 0:45:19.160 --> 0:45:23.720 as he spoke, and then he dealt the decisive blow 0:45:25.520 --> 0:45:28.400 the defendants' motivations in this case, the fact that he 0:45:28.640 --> 0:45:31.200 or she was engaged in a protest and the sincere 0:45:31.239 --> 0:45:33.560 belief that he or she was acting in a good 0:45:33.600 --> 0:45:39.719 cause is not an acceptable legal defense or justification. And 0:45:39.840 --> 0:45:43.200 with that they knew their hopes of a hung jury 0:45:43.680 --> 0:45:48.520 were basically dashed, and they were all going off to prison. 0:45:59.360 --> 0:46:00.680 Things have a way way of happening. 0:46:01.280 --> 0:46:04.360 Strength comes when it is needed most, and paths have 0:46:04.480 --> 0:46:08.920 a way of opening when everything seems lost. If only 0:46:08.960 --> 0:46:11.920 we can stay open to living and all the risks 0:46:11.960 --> 0:46:12.600 it implies. 0:46:13.640 --> 0:46:15.520 Amen, let it be. 0:46:19.320 --> 0:46:24.040 The jurors deliberated all day Thursday all day Friday, and 0:46:24.120 --> 0:46:26.719 were sequestered in a hotel for the weekend because of 0:46:26.760 --> 0:46:31.160 the press attention. Some of the defendants stayed up all 0:46:31.239 --> 0:46:33.880 night on Sunday and drove to the Jersey Shore to 0:46:33.880 --> 0:46:35.600 swim in the ocean for the last time. 0:46:36.280 --> 0:46:39.040 Most of us were had given up waiting and gone 0:46:39.040 --> 0:46:42.000 to Atlantic City to go swimming, which was a couple 0:46:42.040 --> 0:46:46.759 hour drive away. We got a phone call saying that 0:46:46.840 --> 0:46:48.759 the jury was ready to give the verdict and we 0:46:48.800 --> 0:46:50.640 had to be in the courtroom in a couple of hours. 0:46:51.160 --> 0:46:54.080 So we got out of the Atlantic Ocean which we 0:46:54.120 --> 0:46:56.879 had just been swimming in, at sunrise and drove while 0:46:56.880 --> 0:46:59.120 the way back and got into the courtroom just in 0:46:59.200 --> 0:47:00.520 time to hear the call. 0:47:03.000 --> 0:47:06.880 The jury entered the courtroom at two thirty five pm. 0:47:08.560 --> 0:47:11.719 The courtroom was packed with two hundred supporters of the 0:47:11.719 --> 0:47:15.160 Candon twenty eight, and there was overflowed down the corridor 0:47:15.239 --> 0:47:16.760 and spilling out onto the street. 0:47:16.800 --> 0:47:19.200 We didn't know what was going to happen. The deliberation 0:47:19.280 --> 0:47:22.600 went on for quite a while, over a weekend Monday. 0:47:22.640 --> 0:47:23.759 We all shuffled in there. 0:47:25.440 --> 0:47:33.880 The jury roll was called. All were present. The defendants stood, 0:47:34.800 --> 0:47:40.320 linked their arms and bowed their heads. The judge asked 0:47:40.320 --> 0:47:45.640 if they had reached a verdict. They had. The first 0:47:45.640 --> 0:47:48.640 Candon twenty eight defendant in alphabetical order was a man 0:47:48.719 --> 0:47:54.319 named Terry Buckaloo. The foreman would read the verdict on 0:47:54.480 --> 0:47:59.320 every count for every defendant. The judge addressed the foreman, 0:48:00.040 --> 0:48:03.080 how say you, how do you find the defendant Terry 0:48:03.200 --> 0:48:09.239 Edward Buckaloo on count one of the indictment. We find him, 0:48:09.360 --> 0:48:15.399 your honor, not guilty. 0:48:15.600 --> 0:48:19.280 The courtroom goes, whoa, And then the second one not guilty, 0:48:19.560 --> 0:48:22.719 not guilty, not you know, the the judge goes, you know, 0:48:23.200 --> 0:48:25.080 is this going to be not guilty on everything? And 0:48:25.120 --> 0:48:26.800 he goes, yes, you run a lot. 0:48:27.800 --> 0:48:31.400 Everybody, just like all counts, not guilty on all counts, 0:48:31.400 --> 0:48:34.120 for all defendants. And when that became known, it was 0:48:34.239 --> 0:48:38.080 just like mayhem. You know, the moment of the decision 0:48:38.239 --> 0:48:42.600 was spectacular, and one of my most vivid memories of 0:48:42.680 --> 0:48:46.640 Sarah is that she began singing Amazing Grace in the 0:48:46.680 --> 0:48:48.919 courtroom where we're all holding hands. 0:48:50.400 --> 0:48:53.560 And when the verdict of the jury was announced, people 0:48:53.600 --> 0:48:57.200 stood up in the court rope and sang amazing grace. 0:48:59.560 --> 0:49:00.680 They stood up with. 0:49:02.719 --> 0:49:04.120 It was quite a scene and there was. 0:49:04.080 --> 0:49:09.160 A great, great sign of what the anti war movement 0:49:09.200 --> 0:49:14.040 had accomplished over the years, and how this sort of 0:49:14.080 --> 0:49:17.120 came to a kind of climax in the courtroom in Camden, 0:49:17.160 --> 0:49:19.720 New Jersey. 0:49:26.400 --> 0:49:29.799 The judge lingered and the clerks and marshalls joined in 0:49:29.840 --> 0:49:30.680 the singing. 0:49:31.560 --> 0:49:35.640 Because they knew that they had been called to an action. 0:49:36.680 --> 0:49:39.000 They weren't called to make a decision about what that 0:49:39.080 --> 0:49:41.080 we should go to jail or not. They were called 0:49:41.120 --> 0:49:45.359 to join in our action, to legitimize it and say 0:49:45.560 --> 0:49:49.080 this action was a good thing to do under the circumstances. 0:49:49.320 --> 0:49:51.400 This was the best American thing we can do. 0:49:52.760 --> 0:49:56.400 We were dancing in the aisles. It was quite incredible. 0:49:56.400 --> 0:50:00.279 We were crying, you know when the band, oh, it's 0:50:00.280 --> 0:50:03.480 it's farewell party, when the Beatles are breaking up, but 0:50:03.520 --> 0:50:06.840 they got to have one more bash. That's sort of 0:50:06.880 --> 0:50:08.520 what that trial was. 0:50:10.760 --> 0:50:13.799 There was only one restaurant which had a bar in 0:50:13.880 --> 0:50:16.719 all of Camden, and so everybody went there, the prosecution, 0:50:17.480 --> 0:50:19.879 the judge, the defendants, we all went to the same 0:50:19.920 --> 0:50:21.040 place to eat and the drink. 0:50:22.000 --> 0:50:24.760 One of the Catonsville nine raiders had come to Camden 0:50:24.800 --> 0:50:27.520 to support the defendants and saw the judge at the bar. 0:50:28.160 --> 0:50:30.040 He pulled up the chair next to the judge at 0:50:30.120 --> 0:50:33.000 the bar. Judge says to him, you know what, those 0:50:33.040 --> 0:50:35.640 people are not the crooks. The crooks are in Washington. 0:50:36.200 --> 0:50:38.600 These people are the heroes. These people are the cream 0:50:38.640 --> 0:50:40.640 of the crop. That's what he said about us. 0:50:41.080 --> 0:50:44.040 The New York Times declared the verdict was the first 0:50:44.120 --> 0:50:47.400 total legal victory for the anti war movement in five 0:50:47.600 --> 0:50:49.759 years of such draft board incidents. 0:50:51.120 --> 0:50:54.160 The interesting thing about the Camden twenty eighth trial, this 0:50:54.320 --> 0:50:57.279 was his first trial of all these trials in which 0:50:57.280 --> 0:51:01.240 the defendants were quitted. Even though they were caught red handed. 0:51:01.719 --> 0:51:04.840 There they were no question about what they had done. 0:51:05.080 --> 0:51:07.680 Despite the fact that we were caught right handed, despite 0:51:07.680 --> 0:51:09.360 the fact that we all admitted we did it, and 0:51:09.400 --> 0:51:11.160 we all wanted to do it and would do it again, 0:51:12.000 --> 0:51:15.920 that jury stood with us and said not guilty because 0:51:15.960 --> 0:51:19.319 they had solidarity with what we had done. That was 0:51:19.360 --> 0:51:25.240 when the peace movement won in Camden. We finally didn't 0:51:25.280 --> 0:51:28.120 just win a case, We won the heart of America 0:51:28.400 --> 0:51:31.279 over to the fact that the war had got on 0:51:31.360 --> 0:51:33.600 too long and was too wrong to continue. 0:51:34.719 --> 0:51:39.040 The American public became aware of the atrocities we were 0:51:39.080 --> 0:51:43.240 committing of Vietnam, and after all, American people, like all people, 0:51:43.520 --> 0:51:47.600 fundamentally decent when they learned the truth. However, they've been 0:51:47.600 --> 0:51:50.799 deceived by the government, by the authorities. When they learned 0:51:50.800 --> 0:51:54.760 the truth, they're perfectly willing to change their minds. 0:51:58.000 --> 0:52:02.120 Since that May twentieth, nineteen seventy three, have had that 0:52:02.760 --> 0:52:05.200 in my head that if the people know what the 0:52:05.280 --> 0:52:09.200 truth is, the people make good decisions. That's what it's 0:52:09.200 --> 0:52:09.640 all about. 0:52:17.360 --> 0:52:20.560 If a law is unjust, it must not be obeyed, 0:52:21.920 --> 0:52:32.120 whether it be federal law or canonical. Patrick and mary 0:52:32.160 --> 0:52:36.959 Anne were deeply in love. They had been inseparable since 0:52:36.960 --> 0:52:40.000 the night they kissed. He performed his duties as a 0:52:40.080 --> 0:52:43.120 Roman Catholic priest during the day and would sneak off 0:52:43.120 --> 0:52:45.600 to Dorchester at night to be with Mary Anne and 0:52:45.680 --> 0:52:49.360 Chrissy and Jojo. He could get himself to forget for 0:52:49.440 --> 0:52:52.320 long stretches of time that he was betraying his vows 0:52:52.360 --> 0:52:56.920 and everyone who attended his liturgies betrayal. It seems when 0:52:56.960 --> 0:53:00.560 you're dealing in passionate feelings. Is as human to love. 0:53:01.680 --> 0:53:08.759 Betrayers become betrayed. Patrick knew somewhere in his mind that 0:53:08.840 --> 0:53:11.720 this situation could not go on forever. 0:53:13.920 --> 0:53:15.840 I remember there was this moment. 0:53:16.600 --> 0:53:20.800 Patrick went on a trip to I think the Dominican Republic, 0:53:21.200 --> 0:53:23.360 and it was the longest way have been apart. I 0:53:23.360 --> 0:53:28.279 think we were apart for three weeks, and when we 0:53:28.400 --> 0:53:35.960 came back together, it was the first time he hesitated. 0:53:38.239 --> 0:53:40.120 It was probably the first time he'd had a moment 0:53:40.160 --> 0:53:43.319 to step out of it, first of all where he 0:53:43.360 --> 0:53:51.239 could think, like Holy God, because for him it was 0:53:51.520 --> 0:53:53.800 the complete end of a way of life. 0:53:53.840 --> 0:54:04.120 I mean, it was over that way of life. 0:54:04.360 --> 0:54:09.719 We had the conversation and it was really painful, but 0:54:09.800 --> 0:54:17.200 I remember saying to him that honestly, what I really 0:54:17.239 --> 0:54:21.799 wanted for him was for him to be happy and 0:54:22.280 --> 0:54:27.560 free and liberated, you know, to be who he's really 0:54:27.600 --> 0:54:34.239 meant to be. And if that didn't involve me, I 0:54:34.239 --> 0:54:39.920 would be heartbroken, but that would have to be the 0:54:39.960 --> 0:54:45.280 way it is or was. And he told me later 0:54:45.640 --> 0:54:49.359 that for him that was almost one of the most 0:54:49.360 --> 0:54:53.799 extraordinary things that's ever happened to him, Like his experience 0:54:53.840 --> 0:54:59.680 of that was that I loved him that unconditionally, which 0:54:59.680 --> 0:55:08.920 I did. I did. I wanted him to be who 0:55:09.080 --> 0:55:13.640 was meant to be, and I knew I couldn't fathom 0:55:14.120 --> 0:55:16.720 life without him. I couldn't fathom. I mean, I cannot 0:55:16.719 --> 0:55:20.200 imagine had actually had well, I can because he died, 0:55:20.960 --> 0:55:27.760 so I can't imagine. I would have been devastated, absolutely 0:55:27.800 --> 0:55:31.120 devastated because I loved him like with my whole I 0:55:31.160 --> 0:55:34.080 loved him unconditionally. I loved him with my whole heart. 0:55:37.120 --> 0:55:39.560 And for him, I think that was a momentary, it 0:55:39.600 --> 0:55:42.759 was like a panic attack because he was about to 0:55:42.800 --> 0:55:45.239 give up everything he had just built over the last 0:55:45.320 --> 0:55:48.680 ten years of his life, from the seminary through the 0:55:48.719 --> 0:55:53.560 police fathers to this moment of walking away from all 0:55:53.560 --> 0:55:53.759 of that. 0:55:59.360 --> 0:56:02.960 After that conversation, Patrick knew what he had to do. 0:56:05.160 --> 0:56:10.640 Patrick would leave the priesthood and marry Mary Anne. He 0:56:10.680 --> 0:56:13.560 would do what was right in his heart, canonical law 0:56:13.640 --> 0:56:18.240 be damned. But first he had to tell the people 0:56:18.280 --> 0:56:22.640 closest to him, his parents, his seminary brother Jim Carroll, 0:56:23.560 --> 0:56:26.920 and the thousand people that came to his liturgy extravaganzas 0:56:26.960 --> 0:56:27.600 every Sunday. 0:56:28.480 --> 0:56:31.719 Because the implications were enormous. I mean, I don't mean 0:56:31.719 --> 0:56:33.799 to overblow that, but they were enormous for the people 0:56:33.800 --> 0:56:34.960 who were impacted. 0:56:34.719 --> 0:56:37.400 And not really knowing how else to do it, Patrick 0:56:37.440 --> 0:56:40.120 waited until the end of Mass, where typically there would 0:56:40.120 --> 0:56:44.080 be announcements, so he told them that he too had 0:56:44.120 --> 0:56:47.880 an announcement, and that he had fallen in love and 0:56:47.880 --> 0:56:50.520 that he would be getting married to Mary Anne Woodward. 0:56:53.640 --> 0:57:00.680 At first, gasps were followed by a stunned silence, and then. 0:57:01.600 --> 0:57:04.560 And I thought the roof was going to come off 0:57:04.600 --> 0:57:05.040 the building. 0:57:06.000 --> 0:57:12.359 People were clapping and shouting and screaming, and it was 0:57:12.600 --> 0:57:17.760 I mean, I know, many hundreds of people were really surprised, 0:57:17.840 --> 0:57:21.440 and obviously certain people weren't surprised. 0:57:22.560 --> 0:57:23.600 But it was a surprise. 0:57:23.640 --> 0:57:27.400 It was a surprise to most and the place went wild. 0:57:27.440 --> 0:57:29.840 But they were so joyful, I mean, they were clearly 0:57:29.920 --> 0:57:33.440 so happy for him, even though it had huge implications 0:57:34.120 --> 0:57:38.160 for the community. I was in the church. It was 0:57:38.160 --> 0:57:41.040 in the church, and I remember leaning against like a pillar, 0:57:42.240 --> 0:57:45.160 and this woman came over to me and she said, oh, 0:57:45.200 --> 0:57:46.840 there's going to be a lot of wet pillows in 0:57:46.880 --> 0:57:52.160 the city of Boston tonight. 0:57:54.280 --> 0:57:56.800 So I told you early on that I wouldn't insert 0:57:56.800 --> 0:58:01.360 myself much in this story, but it's here that it 0:58:01.360 --> 0:58:08.640 becomes unavoidable. As your host, I have betrayed you. I 0:58:08.720 --> 0:58:10.480 just could never figure out the right time to tell 0:58:10.520 --> 0:58:16.480 you this. Marianne and Patrick are my mother and father. 0:58:23.320 --> 0:58:27.840 Divine Intervention is a production of iHeart Podcasts. It's produced 0:58:27.920 --> 0:58:31.520 by Wondermedia Network. It was created and written by me, 0:58:31.880 --> 0:58:36.480 your host, Brendan Patrick Hughes. Our robustly proficient producers are 0:58:36.560 --> 0:58:41.800 Carmen Borca Carreo, Abby Delk, Paloma Moreno, Jimenez, Grace Lynch, 0:58:42.120 --> 0:58:46.400 and myself. Our editor is Creator of Worlds Grace Lynch 0:58:47.000 --> 0:58:50.400 for Wonder Media Network. Our executive producers are Emily Rudder 0:58:50.520 --> 0:58:54.600 and Jenny Kaplan for iHeart Podcasts. Our executive producer is 0:58:54.680 --> 0:58:59.560 Christina Everett. This episode was developed using archival material from 0:58:59.600 --> 0:59:02.440 the ante in the Jacchino Canden twenty eight Motion picture 0:59:02.480 --> 0:59:05.880 collection at the Swarthmore College Peace Collection. You can check 0:59:05.920 --> 0:59:09.520 out Anthony Giacchino's documentary The Canden twenty eight for more 0:59:09.560 --> 0:59:13.160 information on this slice of history. The late Saratosi was 0:59:13.240 --> 0:59:17.160 voiced by Carly Pope. Amazing Grace and other music was 0:59:17.280 --> 0:59:20.919 arranged and performed by the incredible Morris Smiley, Kai Fukuda 0:59:20.960 --> 0:59:25.080 and friends. The chorus singing La Cromosa from Mozart's Requiem 0:59:25.200 --> 0:59:28.360 was crowdsourced from my friends on social media, arranged by 0:59:28.440 --> 0:59:32.200 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and produced by me. Thank you to 0:59:32.280 --> 0:59:35.240 all the contributors. Our theme in end credit music was 0:59:35.280 --> 0:59:38.360 composed and performed by Down to Earth rock goddess Tanya 0:59:38.440 --> 0:59:42.760 Donnelly and mastered by Ben Aerons. Masterer to the Stars, 0:59:43.600 --> 0:59:47.800 This is Brendan Patrick Hughes. Thank you for listening to 0:59:47.920 --> 0:59:49.000 Divine Intervention.