WEBVTT - Selects: How Bats Work 0:00:00.720 --> 0:00:05.920 Hello friends, it's your friendly neighborhood podcaster here, Charles W. 0:00:06.040 --> 0:00:11.600 Chuck Chuckers, Chuck Tran Bryant, picking from our past July thirtieth, 0:00:11.640 --> 0:00:16.720 twenty fifteen. How bats work on baseball bats? Oh no, no, no, 0:00:17.239 --> 0:00:22.160 These are the little fuzzy winged, rodent looking things that 0:00:22.520 --> 0:00:24.040 a lot of people are scared of, but I think 0:00:24.040 --> 0:00:27.360 are super cool and super cute. Listen to how bats 0:00:27.360 --> 0:00:28.040 work right now. 0:00:32.200 --> 0:00:40.040 Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of iHeartRadio. 0:00:43.400 --> 0:00:47.400 Welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 0:00:47.560 --> 0:00:48.120 Chuck Bryant. 0:00:48.200 --> 0:00:49.960 I didn't know we were podcasting about dolphin. 0:00:51.440 --> 0:00:52.720 That was my bat. 0:00:53.000 --> 0:00:54.840 Oh I thought it was a dolphin. 0:00:55.080 --> 0:00:56.760 No, no, I was a bat. 0:00:57.000 --> 0:00:59.000 Well, then why are you wearing your dolphin running shorts? 0:01:00.080 --> 0:01:03.600 Has nothing to do with bats and everything to do 0:01:03.680 --> 0:01:07.360 with Dan Marino. They probably still have those dolphin running shorts. 0:01:07.360 --> 0:01:08.160 What are you talking about? 0:01:08.280 --> 0:01:11.840 Yeah, I remember the little uh like real runners. They 0:01:11.880 --> 0:01:14.840 still wear those shorts, or maybe it's all spandex now 0:01:14.880 --> 0:01:15.560 like super tight. 0:01:15.720 --> 0:01:16.399 Okay, but they. 0:01:16.400 --> 0:01:19.039 Used to be just like a little wispy piece of 0:01:20.240 --> 0:01:22.320 but they were called dolphins. Well, I think that was 0:01:22.360 --> 0:01:26.200 the brand I wasn't familiar I remember, but you know, 0:01:26.319 --> 0:01:28.880 things were you know, the right gust of wind could 0:01:28.920 --> 0:01:30.199 reveal sure, lots of things. 0:01:30.240 --> 0:01:33.640 I know what you're talking about. Uh, like short shorts, Yeah, 0:01:33.680 --> 0:01:35.040 run real flimsy one. 0:01:34.880 --> 0:01:38.759 Real satiny, flimsy, wispy, and I think, uh, I think 0:01:38.760 --> 0:01:41.760 they were dolphin running shorts. And by the way, this 0:01:41.760 --> 0:01:44.120 this podcast is not sponsored by dolphin running shorts. 0:01:44.240 --> 0:01:49.200 No, it's a sponsored by the Bats of America. 0:01:48.840 --> 0:01:53.400 That's right. Which I always have liked bats, but after 0:01:53.440 --> 0:01:57.120 reading this, I'm so much more in love with bats. 0:01:57.360 --> 0:01:58.720 Oh yeah, they need animals. 0:01:58.760 --> 0:02:01.840 It's amazing and not just like I learned a lot 0:02:01.840 --> 0:02:03.680 of stuff. I kind of knew about the echo location 0:02:03.760 --> 0:02:06.760 and stuff like that. Yeah. 0:02:06.800 --> 0:02:09.679 Actually, here's here's my impression of a bat echo locating 0:02:11.800 --> 0:02:14.519 pretty good, huh because humans can't hear it. That's right, 0:02:14.840 --> 0:02:18.119 I just did it. Really great, very nice, Chuck. If 0:02:18.160 --> 0:02:20.480 you are on the fence, well not you, because you've 0:02:20.520 --> 0:02:23.040 just stated that you're over the fence clearly in the 0:02:23.040 --> 0:02:28.320 bat yard. Pro bat pro bats me too. They never 0:02:28.360 --> 0:02:31.240 did anything to anybody on purpose, aside from some of 0:02:31.280 --> 0:02:33.799 them sucking your blood while you sleep. Aside from that, 0:02:33.840 --> 0:02:37.840 it's super rare. Bats seem to be pretty great animals. 0:02:37.840 --> 0:02:40.200 And if you're on the fence about bats and you 0:02:40.240 --> 0:02:42.120 want to go over to the pro bat side, go 0:02:42.160 --> 0:02:44.840 onto YouTube and type in bat eating a banana. 0:02:45.280 --> 0:02:46.040 It's very cute. 0:02:46.080 --> 0:02:50.760 It's adorable. Yeah, there's also baby bat burrito videos. Yeah, 0:02:50.840 --> 0:02:53.560 they're wrapped up in a blanket, not a tortilla. Yeah, 0:02:53.600 --> 0:02:55.760 there's a lot of cute bat videos out there, because 0:02:55.760 --> 0:02:58.320 there's a lot of cute bats there. Sure are, my friend, 0:02:58.880 --> 0:03:01.680 And you might say, no, no, no, I've seen bats. 0:03:02.000 --> 0:03:07.040 They are as ugly as pure evil gets. Yeah, you're 0:03:07.080 --> 0:03:09.760 talking about what are called micro bats, the ones with 0:03:09.800 --> 0:03:12.440 the crazy nostrils that actually make you me gag. 0:03:13.160 --> 0:03:16.400 Oh really? Oh yeah, I think they're cute too. I mean, 0:03:16.400 --> 0:03:22.080 I get it because they definitely look like literary ghules 0:03:22.080 --> 0:03:22.800 and fiends. 0:03:23.280 --> 0:03:26.360 But which makes you wonder. I wonder if fiends and 0:03:26.400 --> 0:03:28.800 ghules were modeled after those types of bats. 0:03:29.520 --> 0:03:30.200 Oh I'm sure. 0:03:30.360 --> 0:03:33.320 Oh okay, I didn't realize it was so obvious. 0:03:33.400 --> 0:03:34.800 Well no, I mean it would have to, because that's 0:03:34.800 --> 0:03:37.320 a real thing, and they look so much alike. 0:03:37.440 --> 0:03:39.840 Maybe no one had seen a bat and then they 0:03:39.920 --> 0:03:42.640 made gargoles and like what a coincidence. 0:03:42.240 --> 0:03:44.000 Or maybe a bat just died at the feet of 0:03:44.040 --> 0:03:45.720 an artist one day and he's like, oh, man, I 0:03:45.720 --> 0:03:49.040 gotta cast this in clay and put it on my 0:03:49.080 --> 0:03:49.920 front doorstep. 0:03:50.200 --> 0:03:52.080 I know what you were driving at. Though. They are 0:03:53.000 --> 0:03:55.960 cute in their own really weird uncanny way. 0:03:56.080 --> 0:03:59.800 Sure, yeah so, but but nothing like the flying fox 0:04:00.120 --> 0:04:01.280 are legit cute? 0:04:01.480 --> 0:04:04.080 No, and actually this article needs to be updated. Man, 0:04:04.680 --> 0:04:08.080 So bats are there's actually, beats are the only flying mammals. 0:04:08.080 --> 0:04:11.920 We should say they're very unique animals. Only flying mammals. Wait, 0:04:11.960 --> 0:04:15.880 what about the penguin non flying and a bird? Oh 0:04:16.000 --> 0:04:18.960 it didn't even come close, gotcha. Bats are mammals, Yeah, 0:04:19.839 --> 0:04:22.400 and they're more closely related to humans than say, like 0:04:22.800 --> 0:04:27.479 the fox or the rat or whatever that they're frequently 0:04:27.520 --> 0:04:32.200 described as being the flying version of Sure, and there's 0:04:32.240 --> 0:04:34.880 I think something like twelve hundred species of bats. 0:04:35.040 --> 0:04:36.799 It's a lot of bat species. 0:04:36.360 --> 0:04:41.360 And they all belong to the order chirop Terra, which 0:04:41.400 --> 0:04:42.800 means hand wing, which we'll get to. 0:04:43.080 --> 0:04:43.359 Yeah. 0:04:43.400 --> 0:04:47.280 And then bats typically are subdivided into two suborders. And 0:04:47.320 --> 0:04:50.680 it used to be mega chirop Terra and micro chirop terra. 0:04:50.800 --> 0:04:51.599 Is that not right anymore? 0:04:51.680 --> 0:04:56.960 No, because science is specifically, like taxonomy used to be 0:04:57.080 --> 0:05:00.680 kind of dumb. It was just based on appearance, and 0:05:00.720 --> 0:05:03.800 then once the field of genetics came along, they started 0:05:03.800 --> 0:05:06.800 like genetically testing things and realizing that that's not a 0:05:06.800 --> 0:05:09.040 really good way to categorize things. 0:05:08.760 --> 0:05:11.000 Like this skunk looks like a raccoon, but they're not 0:05:11.040 --> 0:05:11.799 the same thing. 0:05:11.880 --> 0:05:14.120 Right, so maybe they shouldn't be in the same order 0:05:14.120 --> 0:05:16.400 any longer. Yeah, this is the case with bats. So 0:05:17.120 --> 0:05:19.520 it used to be based on their size megabats and 0:05:19.600 --> 0:05:24.800 micro bats or mega chirop terra and micro chirop terra. Now, 0:05:25.000 --> 0:05:28.680 because of genetic testing, some of the very small bats 0:05:28.760 --> 0:05:32.040 are now in the megabat order sub order and vice versa. 0:05:32.160 --> 0:05:35.200 But those are still suborders they are, but. 0:05:35.600 --> 0:05:38.360 They've renamed them to megabats and micro bats. 0:05:38.400 --> 0:05:39.120 Oh, I gotcha. 0:05:39.160 --> 0:05:42.320 But so, for example, the long tongued fruit bat is 0:05:42.360 --> 0:05:46.719 considered a megabat, but its wingspan is only about ten inches, right, 0:05:46.920 --> 0:05:47.680 it's a little thing. 0:05:47.720 --> 0:05:49.840 Whereas if you look at the flying fox or the 0:05:49.880 --> 0:05:55.080 fruit bat Asia African and Australia, those things are adorable 0:05:55.480 --> 0:05:59.279 and they are huge, Yeah, like six foot wingspans on 0:05:59.279 --> 0:06:01.919 some of these bats. Boys. Yeah, and I mean, I 0:06:01.920 --> 0:06:04.720 think they're gorgeous. I know. I think it's the wing 0:06:04.880 --> 0:06:07.800 just terrifies people. Yeah, because it looks like a cute, 0:06:07.800 --> 0:06:09.440 little fuzzy fox and then he goes. 0:06:10.520 --> 0:06:15.400 Right, it envelops you and take you to hell with. 0:06:15.560 --> 0:06:18.760 Well, that's what evokes. I think is is a cape 0:06:18.800 --> 0:06:22.440 that something would wrap around you and suck your blood. Yeah, 0:06:22.920 --> 0:06:23.600 like a vampire. 0:06:24.600 --> 0:06:28.599 Oh, I wonder if vampires were invented independently of bats. 0:06:30.440 --> 0:06:35.280 Uh, the what is the the cute little guy that Yeah, 0:06:35.400 --> 0:06:39.560 I posted a picture that fella on Facebook today just 0:06:39.600 --> 0:06:42.080 as a teaser. People didn't know that we're going to 0:06:42.160 --> 0:06:44.839 do an episode on it, just to get reactions, and 0:06:44.880 --> 0:06:46.880 most people are like, oh, that's super cute, and a 0:06:46.920 --> 0:06:49.240 lot of people are like, I still wouldn't touch that thing. 0:06:49.640 --> 0:06:53.200 Well, that's a really good, sensible thing. Like bats might 0:06:53.240 --> 0:06:56.680 be cute and all that, but they're also enormous reservoirs 0:06:56.720 --> 0:07:00.919 for diseases. They're like, yeah, top notch disease reservoirs for 0:07:00.880 --> 0:07:03.159 the diseases that you and I can catch, like ebola 0:07:03.240 --> 0:07:03.880 and rabies. 0:07:03.960 --> 0:07:06.000 Sure, and they think one of the reasons is because 0:07:06.040 --> 0:07:08.520 they and we'll talk about this later, but they're so 0:07:09.200 --> 0:07:11.800 comfortable with each other, they just huddle together, right, spreading 0:07:11.840 --> 0:07:13.200 disease on one another exactly. 0:07:13.240 --> 0:07:16.560 I mean like epidemic disease didn't take hold among humans 0:07:16.880 --> 0:07:19.960 until we moved into cities, and even in cities, like, 0:07:20.000 --> 0:07:24.120 we're still not elbow to elbow. Yeah, figuratively we are, 0:07:24.160 --> 0:07:28.840 but not in reality. Bats are literally elbow to elbow 0:07:28.880 --> 0:07:32.640 in their colonies, so disease just spreads anywhere at once 0:07:32.720 --> 0:07:33.200 among them. 0:07:33.320 --> 0:07:37.040 Yeah, however, about the raby scare, they are carriers of rabies, 0:07:37.080 --> 0:07:41.040 but not like people think. I think less than one 0:07:41.120 --> 0:07:46.560 half of one percent of bats are rabid, one half 0:07:46.600 --> 0:07:49.840 point five percent. And you're more way more likely to 0:07:49.840 --> 0:07:52.280 get rabies from raccoons and skunks And. 0:07:53.240 --> 0:07:55.520 Oh, okay, well there you go. That puts it in 0:07:55.640 --> 0:07:59.720 perspective because I like any raccoon I see. Maybe I 0:07:59.760 --> 0:08:00.760 should stop doing that. 0:08:00.880 --> 0:08:02.040 You should probably stop doing that. 0:08:02.040 --> 0:08:02.920 They bite me a lot. 0:08:03.040 --> 0:08:04.800 Yeah, she get checked out. 0:08:05.400 --> 0:08:06.080 Maybe I should. 0:08:07.120 --> 0:08:10.600 Uh so, yes, you said how many species about twelve hundred, 0:08:11.760 --> 0:08:15.520 and aside from varying in size like you said that, 0:08:16.240 --> 0:08:18.960 just a look of them, like the flying fox looks 0:08:19.200 --> 0:08:21.120 like we said, like little fox has that long snout, 0:08:21.520 --> 0:08:25.240 looks traditionally, like a mammal has smaller ears, and those 0:08:25.240 --> 0:08:28.680 little scary looking guys have those huge ears and that 0:08:29.240 --> 0:08:30.560 nose that makes you me gag. 0:08:30.840 --> 0:08:34.040 So here's the thing, Like, I believe that even that 0:08:34.200 --> 0:08:35.960 is up in the air now that they've started doing 0:08:36.000 --> 0:08:40.600 genetic testing. What is like that classification based on looks 0:08:40.600 --> 0:08:45.080 as well? Oh yeah, sure, it's it's just bat taxonomy 0:08:45.200 --> 0:08:47.960 is really up for grabs right now. It's really exciting time. 0:08:48.040 --> 0:08:51.240 Let's say, yeah, let's say generally speaking, then. 0:08:51.320 --> 0:08:54.960 Okay, one of the other distinctions too, typically that divides 0:08:55.000 --> 0:09:00.560 these two suborders, chuck, is what they eat. Yeah, the 0:09:00.840 --> 0:09:05.520 micro bats tend to be carnivorous. Yes, so it includes 0:09:05.600 --> 0:09:08.840 vampire bats, but vampire bats are not. Not all bats 0:09:08.840 --> 0:09:12.960 are vampire bats, even if they're carnivorous. No, most bats 0:09:13.000 --> 0:09:18.040 just the insects if they're carnivorous, Yeah, like mosquitoes. But megabats, 0:09:18.440 --> 0:09:21.880 including the big ones with the six foot wingspan. Yeah, 0:09:21.920 --> 0:09:26.640 the flying fox I think you said those are they're 0:09:26.679 --> 0:09:28.480 just hippies. They just eat plants. 0:09:28.600 --> 0:09:33.280 Yeah, that's it, like literally nectar and spread pollen. Yeah, 0:09:33.320 --> 0:09:37.040 it's pretty great, like birds. Why is that funny? 0:09:38.320 --> 0:09:39.120 It's pretty great. 0:09:39.160 --> 0:09:42.280 Yeah, it is all right. Well, let's talk a little 0:09:42.280 --> 0:09:46.360 bit about the wing because this is where my learning 0:09:46.440 --> 0:09:50.760 really started here. Yeah, in researching this, the Geman word 0:09:51.440 --> 0:09:53.959 for bats is frida muse. 0:09:56.160 --> 0:10:00.600 I expected more from you than that, yeah, yeah, really, yeah, 0:10:00.960 --> 0:10:03.160 I expected you to put on like a metal hat 0:10:03.160 --> 0:10:05.359 with like a spike coming out of the top. 0:10:06.679 --> 0:10:09.880 That translates into flying mice. Yes for the curious. 0:10:09.920 --> 0:10:12.760 And people will say that because a bat does look 0:10:12.840 --> 0:10:14.840 kind of like a flying mouse or a flying rodent 0:10:14.960 --> 0:10:18.120 of some sort. But like I said, they're much more 0:10:18.160 --> 0:10:19.600 closely related to humans. 0:10:19.920 --> 0:10:22.760 Yeah, and you also might think they're like birds because 0:10:22.800 --> 0:10:25.719 they fly around. Not so when you look at the 0:10:25.720 --> 0:10:29.520 wing structure of a bat and a bird, very different. 0:10:29.559 --> 0:10:32.120 It Actually, if you look at a human if you 0:10:32.200 --> 0:10:34.680 held your arms out to your side with your elbows 0:10:34.679 --> 0:10:39.040 bent and your fingers spread, and then basically shook your hand, yeah, 0:10:39.040 --> 0:10:41.160 like you were going to do jazz hands exactly, and 0:10:41.200 --> 0:10:45.360 then imagine that there was a webbed membrane called a 0:10:46.440 --> 0:10:51.520 How would you pronounce that pattagym, patti gyum, patagium. 0:10:51.720 --> 0:10:52.960 I don't have one of those too. 0:10:53.040 --> 0:10:55.679 Those are the wings, tagium, the flesh. Yeah, there you go. 0:10:55.960 --> 0:10:57.959 The flesh of the wing if you held your hands 0:10:58.000 --> 0:11:00.600 out into jazz hands, but it was all webbed connected. 0:11:01.000 --> 0:11:03.679 That is way more what a bat's wing that looks 0:11:03.679 --> 0:11:05.480 like in functions like than a bird's wing. Right. 0:11:05.520 --> 0:11:08.920 So a bird's wing has rigid bones in it, right, Yes, 0:11:09.240 --> 0:11:12.360 And the muscles that control the wings are located basically 0:11:12.440 --> 0:11:14.800 at what would amount to your armpits. 0:11:14.840 --> 0:11:15.800 Yeah, like a socket. 0:11:15.880 --> 0:11:17.800 So like just do the chicken dance real quick and 0:11:17.840 --> 0:11:21.280 think about what you're doing. Yes, right, you're you're not. 0:11:21.559 --> 0:11:24.360 There's not really any movement in the actual arm. It's 0:11:24.400 --> 0:11:28.360 all at the shoulder joint. Same with birds. With bats, 0:11:28.360 --> 0:11:32.240 that is not the case because they're basically like winged hands, 0:11:32.360 --> 0:11:35.800 which is the reason their order is named that. Right. Yes, 0:11:36.720 --> 0:11:41.240 they can basically swim through the air, which allows them 0:11:41.280 --> 0:11:44.640 to dive, bomb and turn and twist and go up 0:11:44.720 --> 0:11:47.600 and down and go after these insects that can fly 0:11:47.679 --> 0:11:51.920 really fast, which constitute most of their prey, much more easily. 0:11:51.960 --> 0:11:56.240 And they're much more depth at maneuvering mid air than 0:11:56.280 --> 0:11:57.400 your average bird is. 0:11:57.800 --> 0:12:01.800 Yes, absolutely, like a thousand times. There's no science behind that. 0:12:01.880 --> 0:12:04.920 I would say even like fifteen hundred times. Okay, well, 0:12:04.960 --> 0:12:06.880 I mean, if there's if we're going without science, let's 0:12:06.920 --> 0:12:08.440 just say like a million times more. 0:12:08.360 --> 0:12:11.719 Yeah, a gazillion. They have little thumbs that extend out 0:12:11.760 --> 0:12:13.160 of the wing as a in the form of a 0:12:13.200 --> 0:12:15.840 little small claw, and this is what they use to 0:12:16.200 --> 0:12:20.760 climb trees. It's really neat how they fly. I guess 0:12:20.800 --> 0:12:22.360 we'll go ahead and let the cat out of the bag. 0:12:22.880 --> 0:12:26.680 They don't have enough lift with their wings to take 0:12:26.720 --> 0:12:28.920 off like sitting on a branch like a bird. 0:12:29.160 --> 0:12:29.400 Right. 0:12:29.720 --> 0:12:33.280 They don't have like strong enough legs to run, run, run, run, 0:12:33.400 --> 0:12:36.600 run down a runway and take off, so they hang 0:12:36.679 --> 0:12:39.400 upside down and drop and then start flying. 0:12:39.760 --> 0:12:43.679 Right. They have like small, withered little legs that they 0:12:43.760 --> 0:12:45.800 basically drag behind them as they crawl. 0:12:46.200 --> 0:12:48.320 Yeah, and so that's the why they climb trees. They 0:12:48.400 --> 0:12:50.720 climb up to a high launch point, right, and we'll 0:12:50.720 --> 0:12:53.160 get to the hangings meter because that's super cool too, 0:12:53.200 --> 0:12:55.640 and then just fall and start flying, right. 0:12:56.080 --> 0:12:58.640 And that's what beds do. That's what and that's how 0:12:58.720 --> 0:12:59.360 bads fly. 0:13:02.480 --> 0:13:07.040 Scientifically speaking, they believe that bats used to not fly, 0:13:07.800 --> 0:13:11.000 and thanks to natural selection, the ones who could leap 0:13:11.040 --> 0:13:15.160 further and further from tree to tree were more successful, 0:13:15.200 --> 0:13:19.960 and that eventually led to that patagium being formed. 0:13:20.480 --> 0:13:24.040 Yeah, they can fly kind of like lemurs are flying 0:13:24.040 --> 0:13:26.560 squirrels or something like that. Right, Yeah, So like one 0:13:26.559 --> 0:13:28.640 of them was born with an extra skin flap and 0:13:28.679 --> 0:13:31.480 everyone was like, you freak, and then it flew and 0:13:31.520 --> 0:13:34.160 they were like, wow, who's the freak now exactly look 0:13:34.200 --> 0:13:38.560 at all these insects I got. So they think that 0:13:38.640 --> 0:13:42.559 the bat evolved, like you said, from a tree dwelling mammal, 0:13:43.120 --> 0:13:45.920 which we likely did as well, which is why we're 0:13:46.120 --> 0:13:48.760 related to bats. Most likely we share some sort of 0:13:49.000 --> 0:13:55.040 single common ancestor that dwelt in trees, and probably bats 0:13:55.040 --> 0:13:57.600 evolved somewhere around one hundred million years ago, is what 0:13:57.640 --> 0:14:00.920 they believe. But I think the oldest fossils they found 0:14:00.920 --> 0:14:04.840 are like fifty million in change. Yeah, and these fossils 0:14:04.840 --> 0:14:10.319 that they found in Wyoming show that the wings are there, 0:14:10.679 --> 0:14:13.640 but the ears are not developed, which suggests that flying 0:14:14.240 --> 0:14:18.560 developed among bats before echolocation did, which has been a 0:14:18.600 --> 0:14:22.400 long standing debate. Did they did echo like location come first, 0:14:22.400 --> 0:14:24.680 did flying come first, or did they both evolve at 0:14:24.720 --> 0:14:26.800 the same time? And it turns out flying was first. 0:14:27.440 --> 0:14:31.120 Nice well, right for this break, we will talk about 0:14:31.120 --> 0:14:32.680 that echo location. How about that. 0:14:33.240 --> 0:14:55.200 Let's all right, Josh. 0:14:55.400 --> 0:14:59.600 We talked about the wing structure makes them able to 0:14:59.680 --> 0:15:01.960 hunt really well, but it's really a one two punch 0:15:02.880 --> 0:15:07.720 along with their echolocation or echo locative abilities. 0:15:08.200 --> 0:15:09.120 I think that's a word. 0:15:09.160 --> 0:15:09.680 Is that a word? 0:15:10.000 --> 0:15:13.280 Yeah? Right, So you can maneuver all day long, but 0:15:13.320 --> 0:15:16.400 if you can't find your prey, you're. 0:15:16.040 --> 0:15:17.440 Just doing a weird dance, right. 0:15:17.320 --> 0:15:22.120 Exactly, You're just showing off. And the way that bats 0:15:22.120 --> 0:15:25.320 find their prey. There's a common myth, Chuck that bats 0:15:25.320 --> 0:15:28.920 blind is bata, that bats can't see absolutely untrue. Ye, 0:15:29.600 --> 0:15:32.840 most bats have like perfectly good vision. 0:15:32.680 --> 0:15:34.480 Yeah, like exceptional vision. 0:15:34.520 --> 0:15:34.720 Even. 0:15:34.880 --> 0:15:39.400 Yeah, there was a study at some German study I believe, 0:15:39.400 --> 0:15:42.840 that found that bats have rods and cones, which means 0:15:42.840 --> 0:15:45.920 they can see color in the daylight as well as 0:15:46.680 --> 0:15:49.040 like black and white stuff. 0:15:49.200 --> 0:15:51.000 Sure right, old movies. 0:15:50.760 --> 0:15:53.800 Sure yeah, before Ted Turner got his hands on. 0:15:53.760 --> 0:15:57.200 Them, oh boy, And that never went anywhere, it really didn't. 0:15:57.400 --> 0:16:00.640 But now it's like there, it's done. Now. Wizard of 0:16:00.680 --> 0:16:04.240 Oz is like gaudy as Gaudy is like the terra 0:16:04.320 --> 0:16:06.360 Cotta Army. Originally, well, no, Wizard. 0:16:06.080 --> 0:16:09.160 Of Oz always was both because when they get to 0:16:09.240 --> 0:16:10.880 oz it's color Oh. 0:16:10.800 --> 0:16:13.840 Yeah, you're right, yeah what what? Oh? Gone with the wind? 0:16:14.240 --> 0:16:16.400 I think he did colorI he did colorize it. 0:16:16.520 --> 0:16:21.880 Okay, anyway, can you tell it's been a little while 0:16:21.880 --> 0:16:22.560 since we've done this. 0:16:23.040 --> 0:16:24.080 No, I think it's great. 0:16:24.160 --> 0:16:26.840 I can. It's also really hot in here, and it's 0:16:26.840 --> 0:16:29.640 getting hotter by the second. The more I stall, the 0:16:29.680 --> 0:16:34.040 hotter it gets. Allow me to continue. Okay, So bats 0:16:34.040 --> 0:16:37.280 echo locate as well as see. And again I'm not 0:16:37.320 --> 0:16:39.560 quite sure. I couldn't find this chuck, but I think 0:16:40.080 --> 0:16:43.840 microbats might be the only type to echo locate. Oh really, 0:16:43.960 --> 0:16:46.360 I don't think all bats do. The reason why is 0:16:46.400 --> 0:16:51.560 because if you're a hippie pollen eating herbivore bat, sure 0:16:51.960 --> 0:16:54.120 you don't need to echo locate your food. You can 0:16:54.200 --> 0:16:57.040 just fly around until you run into a flower, right, you. 0:16:57.080 --> 0:16:59.400 Know, yeah, and smash it and then just like lean 0:16:59.440 --> 0:17:00.200 over and suck. 0:17:00.960 --> 0:17:05.160 There's some nectar. Yeah, okay. If you are seeking flying 0:17:05.200 --> 0:17:07.600 insects as your prey, then yeah, you better be able 0:17:07.600 --> 0:17:10.840 to echo locate. And we can actually echo locate. There's 0:17:10.840 --> 0:17:14.960 a man who is sightless who can echo locate, and 0:17:15.000 --> 0:17:18.880 he's a human being he is. Yeah, I can't remember what. 0:17:19.119 --> 0:17:22.120 Maybe a Men's Health article on him like this dude 0:17:22.160 --> 0:17:23.600 just taught himself to echo locate. 0:17:23.640 --> 0:17:24.600 Did they call him batman? 0:17:25.520 --> 0:17:27.600 Probably? Yeah, I don't remember that much. 0:17:28.160 --> 0:17:31.800 Well, if you've ever been to a canyon, let's say 0:17:31.800 --> 0:17:35.160 a Grand Canyon. Okay, let's say the Grand Canyon. Sure, 0:17:36.160 --> 0:17:39.280 and you boom your your voice out there, Please don't 0:17:39.280 --> 0:17:43.200 say hello, or does anyone out there those are you know, 0:17:43.480 --> 0:17:44.640 come up with something better than. 0:17:44.520 --> 0:17:46.800 That, better than Pink Floyd lyrics. 0:17:48.080 --> 0:17:51.920 No, if it's in that context, then it passes. 0:17:52.000 --> 0:17:55.560 Okay, Yeah, Wait, what would you recommend for an echo? 0:17:55.840 --> 0:17:56.040 Man? 0:17:56.200 --> 0:17:58.119 That's your go to echo words? 0:17:58.880 --> 0:17:59.800 Definitely not echo. 0:18:00.560 --> 0:18:02.200 I think echo is great, it's hilarious. 0:18:02.200 --> 0:18:04.760 Definitely not hello. You know I would say, I would say, 0:18:05.280 --> 0:18:09.439 now batting for the New York Yankees, manny moto, many moto, 0:18:10.160 --> 0:18:10.840 That's what I would do. 0:18:11.040 --> 0:18:14.680 You could also do cockcock cachaw, see a chicken dance. 0:18:15.240 --> 0:18:18.320 Oh yeah, that'd be good. So whatever you choose to 0:18:18.359 --> 0:18:22.159 go with, at your next visit to the canyons, you 0:18:22.200 --> 0:18:24.840 will hear that echo come back to you. And it's 0:18:24.880 --> 0:18:28.239 basically the same way that bats use, except instead of 0:18:28.280 --> 0:18:31.359 echoing off of a canyon wall. It's echoing off of 0:18:31.400 --> 0:18:34.120 a mosquito, sure, yeah or whatever. 0:18:34.240 --> 0:18:36.480 Yeah, when you make sound waves and it travels and 0:18:36.520 --> 0:18:39.520 it hits that canyon wall, it comes back to you, 0:18:39.640 --> 0:18:41.879 right yeah, And bats do the same thing. But like 0:18:41.920 --> 0:18:45.240 you said, they're bouncing off of a mosquito or some 0:18:45.400 --> 0:18:50.280 other flighted bug. Sure that it eats, And just from 0:18:50.520 --> 0:18:53.960 standard echo location, the bat can identify, oh, there's a 0:18:54.000 --> 0:18:56.960 mosquito there, Like all this other stuff, all the other 0:18:57.080 --> 0:18:59.439 sound that I just put out there came back at 0:18:59.480 --> 0:19:03.320 a much lower rate than this little spot did, and 0:19:03.359 --> 0:19:06.480 that spot is probably a mosquito. But it gets way 0:19:06.480 --> 0:19:07.480 more detailed than that. 0:19:07.680 --> 0:19:08.600 Oh yeah. 0:19:08.800 --> 0:19:14.120 Basically bat's echo location is picked up, and they're still 0:19:14.119 --> 0:19:17.200 not entirely certain, like what kind of receptors the bat has. 0:19:17.240 --> 0:19:21.520 I mean, it's apparently all oral. But in the bat's 0:19:21.600 --> 0:19:25.760 brain it creates what would be about equivalent to our 0:19:25.880 --> 0:19:29.040 visual field, Like we see light bouncing off of stuff, 0:19:29.080 --> 0:19:31.560 and I can tell roughly how far away you are 0:19:31.640 --> 0:19:33.800 and where you are, and what position you're facing or 0:19:33.840 --> 0:19:36.280 what direction you're going, all through lightwaves. 0:19:36.359 --> 0:19:38.440 Yeah, in an instant, like we don't have to think 0:19:38.480 --> 0:19:40.120 about that like we see it and it's there. 0:19:40.200 --> 0:19:42.280 The bat's not calculating all of this, and it's just 0:19:42.320 --> 0:19:45.679 getting this Information's brain is automatically putting it together. And 0:19:45.760 --> 0:19:50.199 what it amounts again to like a visio of a 0:19:50.320 --> 0:19:52.560 visible visiospatial field. 0:19:52.800 --> 0:19:53.119 Wow. 0:19:53.280 --> 0:19:57.200 Right, And so it knows there's a mosquito. It's about 0:19:57.200 --> 0:19:59.840 this big, it's about yay big. It's traveling at this 0:20:00.160 --> 0:20:02.679 right in this direction, and it's like right below me. 0:20:03.119 --> 0:20:06.440 And it goes and gets the mosquito all from rather 0:20:06.520 --> 0:20:10.760 than picking up light waves, creating a sound wave and 0:20:10.880 --> 0:20:14.360 listening for its echo. Yeah, that's echolocation. 0:20:14.600 --> 0:20:15.280 It's amazing. 0:20:15.359 --> 0:20:18.160 So and also I should say, chuck, it's really good 0:20:18.160 --> 0:20:21.919 that this is ultrasonic, because some of them go up 0:20:21.920 --> 0:20:24.280 to like one hundred and twenty decibels, which is the 0:20:24.320 --> 0:20:28.040 equivalent of having a smoke detector like a couple inches 0:20:28.040 --> 0:20:28.640 from your ear. 0:20:28.920 --> 0:20:29.600 That is not fun. 0:20:29.800 --> 0:20:31.800 No, it shatters your life. 0:20:31.960 --> 0:20:35.000 Yeah, all right, So let's talk about the different parts. 0:20:35.520 --> 0:20:39.320 They will determine the distance of the mosquito by how 0:20:39.320 --> 0:20:41.919 long it takes that noise to return you and I 0:20:41.920 --> 0:20:45.520 could do that with simple math. At a canyon, we 0:20:45.560 --> 0:20:48.800 could actually calculate how far away that other wall is. 0:20:49.160 --> 0:20:51.639 With maths you and the canyons. 0:20:51.280 --> 0:20:55.040 You know, location, they can determine where it is and 0:20:55.040 --> 0:20:57.600 how big it is and what direction is moving by 0:20:58.359 --> 0:21:03.080 literally like if the mosquito sound bounces back and hits 0:21:03.119 --> 0:21:05.280