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Speaker 1: Hey, this is Annie and Samantha and welcome to stuff.

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Speaker 1: When they were told you protection of I Heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: And July, as we've mentioned, is Disability Pride Month, and

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Speaker 1: while it's not recognized on a federal level, it is

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Speaker 1: celebrated across the United States and has been since nineteen nine,

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Speaker 1: in part as a celebration of the passing of the

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Speaker 1: a d A Americans with Disabilities Act. On July nine,

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Speaker 1: the first Disability Pride Parade was held in Boston and

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Speaker 1: the Disability Pride flag was designed by Ann McGill, who

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Speaker 1: herself as a woman with a disability. And so if

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Speaker 1: you've seen it, it's a flag that's got like a

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Speaker 1: black background in multi colored stripes on it um and

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Speaker 1: from Stony Brook University. This is what the flag represents.

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Speaker 1: The colors the black field represents the disabled people who

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Speaker 1: have lost their lives due to not only their illness,

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Speaker 1: but also to negligence, suicide, and eugenics. Each color on

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Speaker 1: the slag represents a different aspect of disability or impairment.

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Speaker 1: Red physical disabilities, yellow cognitive and intellectual disabilities, White invisible

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Speaker 1: and undiagnosed disabilities, blue mental illness, and green sensory perception disabilities.

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Speaker 1: So for this episode, which is going to be a

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Speaker 1: bit of a shorter episode, and it is related to

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Speaker 1: a project where working on this mysterious project we keep

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Speaker 1: so so you know, we love to be mysterious. But

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Speaker 1: we did want to talk about it because the A

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Speaker 1: d A largely came came to be because of women

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Speaker 1: and largely women of color who were active in the

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Speaker 1: disability movement and the feminist movement. And yeah, they were

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Speaker 1: just huge and getting getting this done. Uh. And so

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Speaker 1: in this month, while we're celebrating the passing of that,

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Speaker 1: we wanted to highlight some of the people and the

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Speaker 1: movement and some of their accomplishments. But for sure, there

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Speaker 1: are a lot of um different paths we could go

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Speaker 1: down in future episodes, and a lot of amazing people

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Speaker 1: we could talk about, and a lot of amazing things

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Speaker 1: that have been accomplished. So just put that out there, right,

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Speaker 1: And of course there's a lot of things that needs

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Speaker 1: to be addressed, uh, but we won't talk about that

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Speaker 1: because we're gonna talk about the history, not negativity. So

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Speaker 1: the women have long been foundational to the disability movement.

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Speaker 1: We're going to start in the nineteen seventies, which is

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Speaker 1: when we see a lot of women really coming together

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Speaker 1: around disability rights. And this was the time of a

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Speaker 1: lot of social uh turmoil and change, like the civil

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Speaker 1: rights movement and the Women's liberation movement, but a lot

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Speaker 1: of it was siloed. A lot of the people involved

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Speaker 1: in these movements weren't quite intersectional yet, and a lot

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Speaker 1: of these movements weren't accessible and very exclusionary, which is

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Speaker 1: something we're still talking about today. As part of this,

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Speaker 1: early women's disability rights often focus stopped taking feminist resources

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Speaker 1: and activities and increasing accessibility, like recording feminist materials for

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Speaker 1: the blind or visually impaired and making feminism more inclusive.

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Speaker 1: Yes um. Also around this time, Maryland Hamilton's invented the

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Speaker 1: first lightweight adjustable wheelchair called the Quickie UH. Compared to

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Speaker 1: previous models, it was highly adjustable and maneuverable, and this

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Speaker 1: improved the lives of numerous wheelchair users and changed the

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Speaker 1: world of wheelchair sports. But now it is time to

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Speaker 1: discuss Judith Judy Human, one of the most significant and

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Speaker 1: impactful of these nineteen seventies disability rights activists. Human contracted

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Speaker 1: polio when she was a baby as a child growing

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Speaker 1: up in Brooklyn, she was forbidden from going to a

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Speaker 1: local public school because officials declared her use of a

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Speaker 1: wheelchair made her a quote fire hazard, and this wasn't

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Speaker 1: the first time she heard that excuse either. Um It

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Speaker 1: was also used to prevent her from obtaining a teaching

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Speaker 1: license in nineteen seventy so she sued the Board of

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Speaker 1: Education of the City of New York and one she

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Speaker 1: became the first wheelchair using teacher in the city, and

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Speaker 1: later that year she started her own disability rights group

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Speaker 1: named Disabled in Action, and soon after that she moved

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Speaker 1: to Brooklyn, California. Alongside other activists like Kitty Cone, Brad Lomax,

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Speaker 1: and one others, Human helped lead a twenty five plus

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Speaker 1: a day sit in at a federal building in San

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Speaker 1: Francisco in nineteen seventy seven, protesting the government's inability to

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Speaker 1: consistently enforce Section five oh four of the Rehabilitation Act. Basically,

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Speaker 1: the Act prohibited federally funded programs from discriminating against people

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Speaker 1: with disabilities, and it was something that Human was instrumental

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Speaker 1: in as well. It was one of the first legislations

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Speaker 1: protecting the rights of people with disabilities. On the federal level,

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Speaker 1: and this was an instance of some intersectionality. For instance,

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Speaker 1: the Black Panther Party made sure protesters had warm food, right,

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Speaker 1: And that wasn't the only reason why this was a

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Speaker 1: huge deal. It was also intersectional in the sense that

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Speaker 1: a united folks with wide spectrum of disabilities, people that

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Speaker 1: may have previously been separated out from each other. On

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Speaker 1: top of that, the sit in was broadcasted nationally, which

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Speaker 1: really raised awareness around disability for others who may have

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Speaker 1: otherwise not known too much about it. When asked about

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Speaker 1: this event, Human would later say it empowered us. Simply put,

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Speaker 1: we were slowly moving from being a ragtag, unorganized group

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Speaker 1: of disabled people to a cross disability movement. We were

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Speaker 1: really recognizing that it was possible for us to envision

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Speaker 1: a day when barriers of discrimination could be torn down.

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Speaker 1: Without the voices of disabled individuals, we would not have

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Speaker 1: gotten five oh four the way it ultimately came out,

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Speaker 1: nor would we have been able to get the a

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Speaker 1: d A. In three. Human co founded the World Institute

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Speaker 1: on Disability, served in both the Clinton and Obama administrations,

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Speaker 1: and was the first Advisor on Disability and Development for

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Speaker 1: the World Bank at the time of the sit in,

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Speaker 1: many companies had an unwritten understanding that they weren't going

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Speaker 1: to hire people with disabilities, and some local governments outright

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Speaker 1: prohibited it. To make things worse, accessible housing and buildings

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Speaker 1: weren't really a thing either, and as we've discussed before,

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Speaker 1: there was a really able list and stantilizing attitude that

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Speaker 1: it wasn't safe for people with disabilities to live alone.

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Speaker 1: Mary lou Breslin, a disability activist with Polio, said that

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Speaker 1: the mindset at the time was and don't ask for accommodation,

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Speaker 1: fall down the stairs. If you need to pretend that

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Speaker 1: you're not disabled, shoe everyone with a disability right. And

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Speaker 1: the sit in prompted the Carter administration to sign A

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Speaker 1: five oh four, but again it wasn't always enforced, and honestly,

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Speaker 1: I don't think it's still enforced completely today. This was

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Speaker 1: a big part of the fight to pass the Americans

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Speaker 1: with Disability Acts or the a d A in nineteen ninety.

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Speaker 1: Like with pretty much everything we talked about, this was

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Speaker 1: the result of the tireless work and efforts of numerous

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Speaker 1: activists and was built off of other legislations. So we're

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Speaker 1: going to talk about a few of them, including Patricia Right,

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Speaker 1: a legally blind woman who was so instrumental in getting

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Speaker 1: the A d A past. She was called the General

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Speaker 1: and she had long been in this movement and served

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Speaker 1: as Hume's assistant at that sit in, and she was

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Speaker 1: fired by her to continue in her legacy and advocacy.

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Speaker 1: I love that. I love that, uh. And this brings

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Speaker 1: us to another huge event in the fight for the

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Speaker 1: A d A, often called one of the biggest turning

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Speaker 1: points in the push to get it past, the so

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Speaker 1: called Capital Crawl. On March twelfth, over one thousand protesters participated,

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Speaker 1: including at least sixty who left their wheelchairs, crutches, and

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Speaker 1: other mobility devices to crop the Capital's A three steps

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Speaker 1: to demonstrate the lack of accessibility. One of the faces

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Speaker 1: of that protest was an eight year old girl and

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Speaker 1: named Jennifer Keelan h Kilan, who had cerebral palsy, told reporters,

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Speaker 1: I'll take all night if I have to love it.

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Speaker 1: Did you ever see any of the clips of the krawl,

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Speaker 1: because it's inspiring, like, oh my god, the level that

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Speaker 1: they went to in order to be heard. UH is

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Speaker 1: said that it has to get to that point and

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Speaker 1: also even now I know, I've seen many activists going

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Speaker 1: to the Capitol, sitting in front of the Capitol asking

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Speaker 1: to be heard, and that was just recent. Okay, I'm okay.

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Speaker 1: So the a d A was signed with bipartisan support

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Speaker 1: on July twenty, making it illegal to discriminate against people

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Speaker 1: with disabilities in areas like school, employment, and transportation. It

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Speaker 1: transformed a public spaces requiring things like automatic doors, rail

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Speaker 1: on signs, entry ramps, lifts on sea buses, and a

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Speaker 1: curb cuts. With its passage of the US became the

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Speaker 1: first country in the world to guarantee by law the

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Speaker 1: protection of civil rights for people with disabilities. And it

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Speaker 1: impact it's something like forty three million people. And again,

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Speaker 1: as we mentioned in our episode on invisible Illness that

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Speaker 1: we did with Ease, a lot of people are unaware

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Speaker 1: of the full extent of the a d A and

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Speaker 1: what it covers. And here's the definition of a person

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Speaker 1: with a disability that they work off of. Quote has

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Speaker 1: a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or

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Speaker 1: more major life activities, has a record of such an impairment,

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Speaker 1: or as regarded as having such an impairment. And this

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Speaker 1: includes invisible disabilities, and as we've often discussed, it's really

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Speaker 1: damaging how our media has historically portrayed disabilities in one

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Speaker 1: way or the other. That has led to toxic, layered

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Speaker 1: prejudices on how we believe someone with a disability should look.

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Speaker 1: And again see our episode with Kate for more discussion

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Speaker 1: on that and our book club with Kia Brown's The

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Speaker 1: Pretty One Yeah m hm um. And there are so

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Speaker 1: many pieces of this conversation. For example, many in the

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Speaker 1: disability activism space argue that everyone is temporarily able bodied

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Speaker 1: or t A B tabs perhaps, which means that the

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Speaker 1: disability community is quite possibly the largest and most diverse

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Speaker 1: minorities in the world. If you are an able bodied

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Speaker 1: person and you fall and you break your leg, you're

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Speaker 1: gonna be really happy for those ramps for instance. It's

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Speaker 1: as with everything we talked about, the A d A

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Speaker 1: is not without its problems. One of the big ones

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Speaker 1: is that it mostly depends on someone filing a complaint

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Speaker 1: if an entity isn't complying with the A D A,

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Speaker 1: and that means time and resources that not everyone has.

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Speaker 1: So essentially like now you could sue, but you have

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Speaker 1: to sue, are like now you have to go through

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Speaker 1: that thing, and you're legally protected to do it, but

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Speaker 1: you still have to take that step while So, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you have to get a lawyer more often than not

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Speaker 1: because the civil suit is really hard to fall without

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Speaker 1: knowing legalise. And we understand that hiring a lawyer can

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Speaker 1: be expensive because not often that whole pro bono thing

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Speaker 1: doesn't all work out like you think it will. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so it's a whole it's a whole process, um for sure.

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Speaker 1: And I know, like in in Atlanta, in my neighborhood,

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Speaker 1: it's an ongoing battle about the sidewalks because there are sidewalks,

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Speaker 1: but they suck, like they're broken, don't work, and I've

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Speaker 1: heard people complaining about like you know, I've had to

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Speaker 1: file for this and nothing gets done. So that is

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Speaker 1: certainly a problem. Um. Some activists think that the ADA

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Speaker 1: shouldn't be the primary focus of the disability rights movement

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Speaker 1: because it reinforces the narrative that the value of a

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Speaker 1: person comes from what they can or can't contribute to

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Speaker 1: a capitalistic system, a system which is already set up

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Speaker 1: to punish those who can't succeed in it, even though

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Speaker 1: it's set up so everyone can't succeed. Others rightfully point

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Speaker 1: out that by focusing on physical accessibility, it potentially leaves

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Speaker 1: out those with severe impairments and chronic illness and visible

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Speaker 1: disability is a part of that as well, Like even

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Speaker 1: though it's protected, kind of the focus of it, Like

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Speaker 1: I was surprised when Eaves told me that that it

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Speaker 1: was protected under the ADA, because you just don't hear

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Speaker 1: about it um as much. And so some activists believe

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Speaker 1: we should be doing more work to raise more awareness

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Speaker 1: around things like that, and also intersections of disability and

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Speaker 1: sexual oppression and denial of rights when it comes to

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Speaker 1: things like family um. And these are all important and

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Speaker 1: ongoing discussions, and there are some really amazing people that

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Speaker 1: we found doing the research for this one UM and

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Speaker 1: the art worlds especially stood out to me who are

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Speaker 1: really pushing these conversations forward and definitely want to check

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Speaker 1: them out more in the future, right um. Yeah, And

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Speaker 1: I think we need to come back and look at

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Speaker 1: once again what it looked like during the pandemic, because

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Speaker 1: we've talked about it a little bit and we've only

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Speaker 1: like did a blip on the fact that this was

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Speaker 1: such a huge, huge able list conversation for people when

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Speaker 1: it came to COVID and masks and pandemics and accessibility

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Speaker 1: and who does what um and it brought a big

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Speaker 1: spotlight on it, but the reaction wasn't what you would think.

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Speaker 1: It wasn't with empathy. It was literally just a survival

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Speaker 1: of the fittest. And we need to have more of

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Speaker 1: that conversation because we know we're not over these viruses

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Speaker 1: coming through. We know that seasons are going to happen,

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Speaker 1: and we need to take a better look about why

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Speaker 1: we're so quick to say people are expendable instead of

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Speaker 1: truly being for life and advocating for that, as well

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Speaker 1: as remembering that, yes, a lot of these things seems

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Speaker 1: really nice for those able bodies working from home, all

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Speaker 1: these things may not be the greatest for those who

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Speaker 1: have a disability. So yeah, I think I need to

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Speaker 1: come back and we visit and do a spotlight on that.

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Speaker 1: So recently, the a DA has been under attack, as

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Speaker 1: have protections for those with the pre existing conditions here

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Speaker 1: in the US. Again, we talked about this is one

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Speaker 1: of those things that we need to talk about when

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Speaker 1: it comes to things like pre existing conditions and insurance

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Speaker 1: renewed conversations around things like eugenics during the COVID nineteen

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Speaker 1: panic has risen too, as we heard stories of hospital

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Speaker 1: workers instructed to dole out limited numbers of ventilators to

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Speaker 1: able bodied people over people with disabilities. Yeah, there's this

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Speaker 1: whole level of choosing again and who they think is

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Speaker 1: worthy of surviving. And it's kind of this ugly, ugly

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Speaker 1: look and precedent that's just over the top. Um. And

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Speaker 1: then if you have ages, I'm played in, we have

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Speaker 1: racism played in. There's so many things, um, and uh,

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Speaker 1: you know, having this conversation on a bigger level, bigger scale,

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Speaker 1: because it's only getting worse, especially as we look at

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Speaker 1: overturning of things in the Supreme Court. It can't impact

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Speaker 1: accessibility and the right to get compensation and civil suits

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Speaker 1: as it's been under attack recently. Yeah. Yeah, And we've

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Speaker 1: also talked a lot about the you know, sexism inherent

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Speaker 1: of doctors not believing women. And then if you get

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Speaker 1: the able is um on top of that, and the

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Speaker 1: racism on top of that, are even homophobia on top

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Speaker 1: of that, like all of those things. So I feel

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Speaker 1: like during the pandemic we got it was exacerbated like

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Speaker 1: it's always been there, it's not new at all. But

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Speaker 1: it was like really seeing this attitude of like you're

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Speaker 1: just exaggerating, I don't believe you, or like change your diet,

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Speaker 1: like really condescending stuff from professional right. I mean, it

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Speaker 1: seemed this whole like is good for you, but it's

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Speaker 1: not good form me type of mentality. And what I'm

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Speaker 1: talking about specifically as masks this whole idea of like

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Speaker 1: we'll just stay home, which is such an ablest idea

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Speaker 1: and such an ablest privileged, mean comment to anyone who

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Speaker 1: is susceptible or compromised. Um. Again, this goes into every

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Speaker 1: level of anyone. I would say like I was upset

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Speaker 1: for my parents, but that is that same skill of

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Speaker 1: I'm worried because they're going to be compromised, and no

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Speaker 1: one is willing to give a little bit to help others.

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Speaker 1: And it's this whole idea of like, well they can't

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Speaker 1: they can't take it, oh well until it actually affects them,

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Speaker 1: And it's just a whole level like that was a

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Speaker 1: whole level of privilege that you didn't understand that was

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Speaker 1: already existent, especially in the world in the disabled community.

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Speaker 1: Who's been screaming this is a problem, right, Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: And I couldn't find any like really good numbers. But

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Speaker 1: based on what we know about women and mental health

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Speaker 1: and diagnoses in that area, and that's complicated. We've had

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Speaker 1: that conversation before, but women are more likely to I

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Speaker 1: think I have something under that would be projected under

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Speaker 1: the A D A. So it is. It is a

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Speaker 1: big conversation. It is complicated because we've also talked about

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Speaker 1: part of that is maybe men don't go in to

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Speaker 1: get things diagnosed, but women also have a harder time

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Speaker 1: getting things diagnosed a lot of times. So it's yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's a mess. And then when we look at numbers

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Speaker 1: around race and disability, the numbers don't paint a good

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Speaker 1: picture either. Several studies indicate that of Black Americans killed

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Speaker 1: by police, somewhere between one third to one half have

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Speaker 1: a disability and or are experiencing a mental illness episode. UM.

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Speaker 1: This is one of the reasons behind the disabled Black

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Speaker 1: Lives Matter March that took place, And if we look

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Speaker 1: at the women's March, it fell short in terms of

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Speaker 1: being inclusive and accessible in a lot of ways. UM

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Speaker 1: and Sonia Huber and A few others organized the Disability

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Speaker 1: March that same year and over three thousand attended. H

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Speaker 1: it still had some limitations for those who could attend.

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Speaker 1: And this is part of an ongoing conversation too in

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Speaker 1: the activism space of making activism an advocacy more accessible.

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Speaker 1: So all of this is very important to keep in mind. Historically,

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Speaker 1: a disability activism has touched people of all experiences, and

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Speaker 1: disability activists have been extremely significant in a wide range

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Speaker 1: of issues from women's higher education access, sexuality, motherhood, equal opportunity,

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Speaker 1: and political representation. Um So, I think this seeing what

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Speaker 1: these activists um some some that we mentioned, some that

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Speaker 1: we saw in research, what they've done, and how intersectional

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Speaker 1: and all the ways it's touched all these different myths

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Speaker 1: is very powerful. And we just don't hear about it enough,

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Speaker 1: Like we don't worry about it at all. Yeah, And

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Speaker 1: I know, like as more and more advocates and activists

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Speaker 1: in the disabled communities come out that getting so much

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Speaker 1: backlash as well. It's just a sad result of so

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Speaker 1: many conspiracy theories about who's saying what and coming after what.

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Speaker 1: And it's an intersectional level because many of the disabled

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Speaker 1: activists that I follow our intersectional level. They are queer,

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Speaker 1: they are marginalized for people of color, black women, and

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Speaker 1: they are attacked in fold. So it's not just one,

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Speaker 1: it's three things. And then it's it's so disheartening that

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Speaker 1: they have to put so much fight and just to

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Speaker 1: be heard, um and just to be able to say

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Speaker 1: I want to be treated as human point like, and

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Speaker 1: that that my disabilities is not a downfall, is a

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Speaker 1: part of who I am, and this is who I am.

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Speaker 1: And that's been a whole conversation in changing that look

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Speaker 1: because as we were tal talking about earlier, the media

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Speaker 1: has never painted a pretty picture. Has always been a sad,

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Speaker 1: tragic case and or something that is to be mourned

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Speaker 1: or hated or like wanting to change. And so many

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Speaker 1: of these people are like no, I love who I am.

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Speaker 1: Kia Brown was a beautiful story in what she was

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Speaker 1: saying and being too confident in who she is because

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Speaker 1: she's we're told so long, told that she needs to

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Speaker 1: think that there's something wrong with her when actuality that

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Speaker 1: is not the case. This whole shaming has lasted so

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Speaker 1: long and it's still there even with people's languages that

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Speaker 1: need to be changed significantly for us to make any steps,

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Speaker 1: and it's so sad that we have to just say

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Speaker 1: language alone, she can make an impact. That's where we

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Speaker 1: are in twenty two. Yeah, yeah, yeah again, it's just

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Speaker 1: very condescending in a lot of ways. And also, UM,

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Speaker 1: when I was researching this, I was researching UM journal

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Speaker 1: entries from people in the disability community about the a

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Speaker 1: d A and why it mattered, And some of the

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Speaker 1: big threads I saw were like, it was nice to

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Speaker 1: know I would generally be able to get into a

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Speaker 1: building or get out of a building, which wasn't the

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Speaker 1: case before, and that they couldn't legally be fired or

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Speaker 1: not considered due to their disability, And those are things

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Speaker 1: that yeah, this should be basic rights, like uh so

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Speaker 1: is sing again? There are problems with the a DA absolutely,

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Speaker 1: but it was a massive accomplishment. It was a huge deal.

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Speaker 1: It was historic, and a lot of it was due

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Speaker 1: to women and a lot of women of color UM

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Speaker 1: who are still working, who are still doing this work

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Speaker 1: UM and still trying to be heard but also inspiring

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Speaker 1: UM like a new generation. So that's happy. I'm glad

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Speaker 1: to see that. And there are certainly there's so many

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Speaker 1: great UM activists. You can follow online and Kia Brown

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Speaker 1: is that book like if you haven't read if you

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Speaker 1: didn't do our book club one, Garrita's excellent, right, And yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think we need to make sure that we're not

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Speaker 1: shying away from these conversations, even though again we want

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Speaker 1: to make sure that we are talking about these in

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Speaker 1: the way that the activists have framed it. We need

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Speaker 1: to make sure that we are following their lead and

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Speaker 1: listening to how they go and things change. Things have

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Speaker 1: changed over time, and we need to accept that and

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Speaker 1: change them. And that's what I think is one of

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Speaker 1: the biggest keys, is to listen to the activists and

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Speaker 1: make sure we're understanding what's happening, because they are the

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Speaker 1: same one that says, yeah, the a DA looks good,

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Speaker 1: but here are the reasons this is not working, and

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Speaker 1: we need to make sure we understand why it's not

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Speaker 1: working and come to that point and create correcting it.

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Speaker 1: Because honestly, even though it was such a big impact,

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Speaker 1: it's not being enforced in a lot of areas, and

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Speaker 1: we see it. We see oftentimes, thank god to social media,

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Speaker 1: how often that falls through, whether it's at UH clubs

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Speaker 1: or airplanes or restaurants. How little they do to actually

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Speaker 1: say they are a part of it, other than just

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Speaker 1: to put it on their site to follow the law,

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Speaker 1: but not actually following the law. And so we have

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Speaker 1: to be on our toes to make sure that we

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Speaker 1: are following and listening to the right leaders. And also

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Speaker 1: I do want to I'm not seeing this film and

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Speaker 1: I do want to see it because I know Judith

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Speaker 1: Human had a big impact with the crypt camp. Have

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Speaker 1: you seen this? Okay, I feel like we need to

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Speaker 1: bring it out as an extra huh feminist movie for

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Speaker 1: day soon because I definitely need to be I spent

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Speaker 1: all my lesson, I haven't gotten to it, but it's

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Speaker 1: something to see and celebrate as well. Yes, absolutely I

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Speaker 1: would be behind that. Yeah. So this was just our

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Speaker 1: quick rundown of the A d A and the women involved.

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Speaker 1: And as we said, there's a bunch of other stuff,

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Speaker 1: um we could pursue based on this and we would

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Speaker 1: love to. But also, yeah, if there are people you

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00:22:23,320 --> 00:22:26,520
Speaker 1: want us to shout out um movements, whatever it is

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Speaker 1: related to this, please let us know. You can emails

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00:22:30,320 --> 00:22:31,800
Speaker 1: at stuff Me, your mom stuff and I hurt me

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00:22:31,800 --> 00:22:33,359
Speaker 1: at dot com. You can find us on Twitter at

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00:22:33,359 --> 00:22:35,280
Speaker 1: mom Stuff Podcast or on Instagram at stuff I Never

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Speaker 1: Told You. Thanks as always, you're a super producer. Christina,

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Speaker 1: thank you and thanks to you for listening stuff when

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Speaker 1: never to the protection of I Heart Radio. For more

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Speaker 1: podcast for my heart Radio, you can visit the iHeartRadio app,

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Speaker 1: Apple podcast or where you listen to your favorite shows,