1 00:00:05,120 --> 00:00:09,200 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. I'm Tom Keane. Along 2 00:00:09,240 --> 00:00:13,080 Speaker 1: with Jonathan Ferroll and Lisa Brownowitz Jay Ley. We bring 3 00:00:13,119 --> 00:00:17,159 Speaker 1: you insight from the best and economics, finance, investment, and 4 00:00:17,280 --> 00:00:23,280 Speaker 1: international relations. Find Bloomberg Surveillance on Apple Podcast, Suncloud, Bloomberg 5 00:00:23,360 --> 00:00:30,240 Speaker 1: dot Com, and of course on the Bloomberg Tournament we 6 00:00:30,440 --> 00:00:34,159 Speaker 1: sharply digressed. David Rubinstein joins us the Carlisle grew up 7 00:00:34,159 --> 00:00:36,479 Speaker 1: on fire with some recent interviews of course peer to 8 00:00:36,600 --> 00:00:39,960 Speaker 1: peer conversations with Mr Rubenstein, and I really want to 9 00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:42,720 Speaker 1: focus on the hockey player from Belmont Hill for those 10 00:00:42,760 --> 00:00:45,080 Speaker 1: of you that are in the know, that is really 11 00:00:45,120 --> 00:00:49,000 Speaker 1: good prep school hockey, and then onto Princeton and r OTC. 12 00:00:49,479 --> 00:00:53,320 Speaker 1: David Rubenstein. The path of General Miley to the top 13 00:00:53,400 --> 00:00:57,200 Speaker 1: of the Pentagon pecking mortar was most original, wasn't it. 14 00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:01,560 Speaker 1: It was We've never had a person service Chairman of 15 00:01:01,560 --> 00:01:04,120 Speaker 1: the Joint Chiefs of Staff who had an undergraduate degree 16 00:01:04,120 --> 00:01:06,640 Speaker 1: from an Ivy League school. Um, he didn't expect to 17 00:01:06,680 --> 00:01:09,080 Speaker 1: spend his entire career in the military, but it worked 18 00:01:09,120 --> 00:01:12,840 Speaker 1: out that way, and he's from a military family. But interestingly, 19 00:01:12,880 --> 00:01:15,160 Speaker 1: his father did not want him to go into the military. 20 00:01:15,440 --> 00:01:18,120 Speaker 1: His father really tried to keep him out of the military. 21 00:01:18,360 --> 00:01:21,880 Speaker 1: How has he colored in his service colored and infantry 22 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:24,480 Speaker 1: by the fact that his father truly was on the 23 00:01:24,560 --> 00:01:29,160 Speaker 1: shores of yo Jima. Well, his father was a real 24 00:01:29,200 --> 00:01:32,319 Speaker 1: combat veteran in the South Pacific in World War Two. 25 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:35,320 Speaker 1: But his father knew the horrors of military combat and 26 00:01:35,400 --> 00:01:38,200 Speaker 1: he tried to keep his son from going to West Point. Uh. 27 00:01:38,280 --> 00:01:42,800 Speaker 1: He went to Princeton on a Hockey scholarship effectively hockey scholarship, 28 00:01:43,319 --> 00:01:46,160 Speaker 1: and but he got into r OTC and ultimately say 29 00:01:46,360 --> 00:01:49,560 Speaker 1: stayed in the military. It's an unusual story. And he's 30 00:01:49,600 --> 00:01:52,360 Speaker 1: obviously become one of the most visible of all the 31 00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:54,320 Speaker 1: chairmans of Joint Chiefs of Staff because of things that 32 00:01:54,400 --> 00:01:57,360 Speaker 1: happened during the Trump administration. David China was very much 33 00:01:57,360 --> 00:01:59,680 Speaker 1: front and center with his interview, as it rightly should 34 00:01:59,720 --> 00:02:02,080 Speaker 1: be a ringing too many people out there. What is 35 00:02:02,080 --> 00:02:05,840 Speaker 1: the different nature of this rivalry, of this potential cold 36 00:02:05,880 --> 00:02:10,000 Speaker 1: war given the fact that the strategic nature is China 37 00:02:10,040 --> 00:02:13,280 Speaker 1: frankly provides so much the United States by way of goods. 38 00:02:14,680 --> 00:02:17,400 Speaker 1: General Milly said that the biggest security threat to this 39 00:02:17,440 --> 00:02:20,120 Speaker 1: country is China now Historically, when I was growing up, 40 00:02:20,120 --> 00:02:22,400 Speaker 1: it was Russia, and Russia is still a threat, he said, 41 00:02:22,400 --> 00:02:24,680 Speaker 1: In the course, there's North Korea. But in the end, 42 00:02:24,800 --> 00:02:28,840 Speaker 1: China has the the money and the manpower and the 43 00:02:28,880 --> 00:02:31,720 Speaker 1: technology skills to really be a complete rival to us. 44 00:02:31,720 --> 00:02:34,799 Speaker 1: And he was very worried about the hypersonic missile, for 45 00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:37,400 Speaker 1: which there was a test not long ago. Now we 46 00:02:37,440 --> 00:02:40,440 Speaker 1: probably presumably are developing our own hypersonic sonic missile. It's 47 00:02:40,440 --> 00:02:43,119 Speaker 1: not been discussed publicly, but this is a missile which 48 00:02:43,160 --> 00:02:46,239 Speaker 1: could um launch a nuclear weapon on us without any 49 00:02:46,280 --> 00:02:49,680 Speaker 1: real defense that we currently have. So how separate are 50 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:52,560 Speaker 1: the military concerns that the United States has with respect 51 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:55,440 Speaker 1: to China from the business concerns, especially as a growing 52 00:02:55,520 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: number of corporations in America are trying to increase their 53 00:02:59,040 --> 00:03:03,760 Speaker 1: footprints in Beijing in the mainland. While the business community, 54 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:06,320 Speaker 1: I think is interested in getting all those customers and 55 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:09,320 Speaker 1: developing relationships in China. But we have to be very 56 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:12,160 Speaker 1: careful in the business community because we recognize that China 57 00:03:12,320 --> 00:03:15,440 Speaker 1: is now making more difficult for American companies to invest 58 00:03:15,480 --> 00:03:18,400 Speaker 1: there or operate there, certainly more difficult than it was 59 00:03:18,440 --> 00:03:20,960 Speaker 1: a couple of years ago. The military is more concerned 60 00:03:20,960 --> 00:03:24,040 Speaker 1: about China as a threat and less interested in getting 61 00:03:24,080 --> 00:03:26,720 Speaker 1: into China than making certain that China doesn't get into 62 00:03:26,760 --> 00:03:29,880 Speaker 1: the United States. David, and talking to the general and 63 00:03:29,919 --> 00:03:33,919 Speaker 1: also within your own international view, one of the great 64 00:03:34,080 --> 00:03:37,200 Speaker 1: mis calls that you and I and everyone else had 65 00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:41,440 Speaker 1: was our dearth of intelligence on Russia when the Soviet 66 00:03:41,560 --> 00:03:46,360 Speaker 1: Union collapsed. Do we actually have good intelligence on the 67 00:03:46,440 --> 00:03:51,600 Speaker 1: Chinese military? I think our intelligence is probably not as 68 00:03:51,640 --> 00:03:54,120 Speaker 1: good as people would like it to be. I don't 69 00:03:54,120 --> 00:03:57,720 Speaker 1: really know the intelligence communities assessment. I think our ability 70 00:03:57,720 --> 00:04:00,000 Speaker 1: didn't know what's going on North Korea is very very limited. 71 00:04:00,360 --> 00:04:01,760 Speaker 1: I think our ability to know what's going on in 72 00:04:01,840 --> 00:04:05,640 Speaker 1: China is probably better, but not necessarily with the Chinese military, 73 00:04:05,680 --> 00:04:08,040 Speaker 1: because it's difficult to infiltrate, and so you have to 74 00:04:08,080 --> 00:04:11,840 Speaker 1: rely on on technology and things like that, and sometimes 75 00:04:11,920 --> 00:04:14,120 Speaker 1: it's hard to get technology that's going to pick up 76 00:04:14,120 --> 00:04:16,320 Speaker 1: exactly what's going on in China. As you point out, 77 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:20,080 Speaker 1: we underestimated exactly some things that were happening in Russia, 78 00:04:20,120 --> 00:04:22,520 Speaker 1: and we overestimated other things are happening in Russia. And 79 00:04:22,520 --> 00:04:25,360 Speaker 1: we've had a lot of technology failures in in in 80 00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:28,000 Speaker 1: the Middle East, with the are in ability to know 81 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:30,440 Speaker 1: what was really going on in Iraq for example. And David, 82 00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:32,960 Speaker 1: it's so important that Tom asked that question because it 83 00:04:33,040 --> 00:04:35,839 Speaker 1: really dovetails the two issues of the business community and 84 00:04:35,880 --> 00:04:38,720 Speaker 1: the military community. How do you get visibility? Well, there 85 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:41,320 Speaker 1: are people who are represent the United States in some way, 86 00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:44,320 Speaker 1: shape or form on the ground there. How much is 87 00:04:44,320 --> 00:04:46,920 Speaker 1: this a concern for business executives you speak with in 88 00:04:47,040 --> 00:04:50,560 Speaker 1: terms of how much surveillance they're under, what type of 89 00:04:50,880 --> 00:04:53,640 Speaker 1: regulation there might be from the United States government because 90 00:04:53,680 --> 00:04:56,440 Speaker 1: of that suspicion that they are the note of information 91 00:04:56,520 --> 00:04:59,880 Speaker 1: one way or another. While the business community has been 92 00:05:00,040 --> 00:05:03,159 Speaker 1: warned that it as it operates in China, everything could 93 00:05:03,200 --> 00:05:06,080 Speaker 1: be bugged and everything could be stolen away in terms 94 00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:09,520 Speaker 1: of intellectual property, the Business Committee is wary about dealing 95 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:11,560 Speaker 1: in things in China. But on the other hand, there 96 00:05:11,560 --> 00:05:12,960 Speaker 1: are a lot of customers there and there's a lot 97 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:15,800 Speaker 1: of businesses there, So people are warned. They try to 98 00:05:15,839 --> 00:05:18,200 Speaker 1: be careful, but nobody can be perfect in terms of 99 00:05:18,279 --> 00:05:22,200 Speaker 1: our ability to protect certain information. David, with your success 100 00:05:22,400 --> 00:05:24,840 Speaker 1: and I and I mentioned this, folks, because this peer 101 00:05:24,880 --> 00:05:28,320 Speaker 1: to peer conversation occurs in front of our three most 102 00:05:28,400 --> 00:05:32,560 Speaker 1: important documents at the National Archive. David, you brought the 103 00:05:32,640 --> 00:05:37,599 Speaker 1: Magna Carta to America, the twelve nineties seven document itself. 104 00:05:38,080 --> 00:05:40,919 Speaker 1: Tell us a little bit about that quickly, What was 105 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:45,719 Speaker 1: it like to give to America the Magna Carta. While 106 00:05:45,760 --> 00:05:48,600 Speaker 1: they're seventeen extant copies of the Magna Carta fifteen in 107 00:05:48,640 --> 00:05:51,599 Speaker 1: British institutions, one of the Australian Parliament, this was the 108 00:05:51,680 --> 00:05:54,680 Speaker 1: only one in private hands, and I put it there 109 00:05:54,760 --> 00:05:58,919 Speaker 1: on permanent display and permanent loan. And essentially it's a 110 00:05:59,000 --> 00:06:01,880 Speaker 1: document that was a warm runner of the Declaration of Independence, 111 00:06:02,080 --> 00:06:04,279 Speaker 1: so it really in many ways had more impact in 112 00:06:04,320 --> 00:06:07,160 Speaker 1: this country than ironically it did in England. That's why 113 00:06:07,160 --> 00:06:09,560 Speaker 1: I thought it should stay here. Unbelievable to see that 114 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:11,720 Speaker 1: at the National Archive, and of course, folks, you can 115 00:06:11,760 --> 00:06:14,240 Speaker 1: see it at the British Library. John, I know you've 116 00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:18,679 Speaker 1: done that, the British Library Museum. Just extraord wonderful. Love it, David, 117 00:06:18,720 --> 00:06:21,600 Speaker 1: Thank you, Thank you so much, David Rubinstein. That catch 118 00:06:21,680 --> 00:06:24,920 Speaker 1: the full interview, A fascinating interview with the General Milly 119 00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:33,520 Speaker 1: on the David Rumistice Show, Pit to pit conversations. But 120 00:06:33,640 --> 00:06:36,440 Speaker 1: the Democrat a Republican. One thing I know for certain 121 00:06:36,680 --> 00:06:40,680 Speaker 1: is later in the Trump administration all agreed that the gentleman, 122 00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:43,920 Speaker 1: the movie producer from Goldman Sex rose to the occasion. 123 00:06:44,240 --> 00:06:46,480 Speaker 1: He is the former Chancellor of the Exchequer of the 124 00:06:46,560 --> 00:06:49,800 Speaker 1: United States and he is in Rio. Yusuf Kamal l 125 00:06:49,880 --> 00:06:54,279 Speaker 1: Dean joins us now with a conversation with Chancellor Minution 126 00:06:54,600 --> 00:06:57,120 Speaker 1: usef good morning, Hey Tom. I mean, for once, it's 127 00:06:57,120 --> 00:06:59,840 Speaker 1: not all happening in New York. People all around the 128 00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:02,520 Speaker 1: old CEOs and government officials come out here to read. 129 00:07:03,160 --> 00:07:05,320 Speaker 1: And one of them, of course is Steven Newts, and 130 00:07:05,400 --> 00:07:09,040 Speaker 1: he's the founder at Liberty Strategic Capital. Thank you very 131 00:07:09,080 --> 00:07:11,000 Speaker 1: much for joining us. It's a secretary. Give me a 132 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:13,080 Speaker 1: bit of an overview then, all the kind of meetings 133 00:07:13,120 --> 00:07:14,960 Speaker 1: you've been having and what have you been able to 134 00:07:14,960 --> 00:07:17,760 Speaker 1: secure any new deals. Well, first of all, it's great 135 00:07:17,840 --> 00:07:19,600 Speaker 1: to be with you, and it's great to be back 136 00:07:19,600 --> 00:07:22,880 Speaker 1: in the region. Uh. My focus here is really to 137 00:07:22,960 --> 00:07:27,400 Speaker 1: be supportive to the economic transformation in the region. Uh. 138 00:07:27,600 --> 00:07:31,320 Speaker 1: It's it's very important, I think for economic stability that 139 00:07:31,400 --> 00:07:35,760 Speaker 1: all these countries transform their economies and expand them away 140 00:07:35,760 --> 00:07:39,000 Speaker 1: from just energy. You raised two point five billion dollars 141 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:42,560 Speaker 1: in private equity investments. Did some of it come from 142 00:07:42,600 --> 00:07:45,920 Speaker 1: the likes of the public Investment Fund? Well, I can't 143 00:07:45,920 --> 00:07:50,080 Speaker 1: really comment on our raising of funds. What I can 144 00:07:50,200 --> 00:07:53,160 Speaker 1: comment on is what we're focused in doing. So our 145 00:07:53,200 --> 00:07:56,680 Speaker 1: real focus is right now on technology, with a big 146 00:07:56,720 --> 00:08:00,320 Speaker 1: emphasis on cybersecurity, national security, and data priv to see, 147 00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:02,920 Speaker 1: which was an area I focused on when I was 148 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:06,760 Speaker 1: Treasury Secretary. I was responsible for cyber for all the 149 00:08:06,760 --> 00:08:09,440 Speaker 1: financial services, and it's a very big risk. So we 150 00:08:09,480 --> 00:08:12,600 Speaker 1: want to make sure that companies and governments are are 151 00:08:12,720 --> 00:08:15,320 Speaker 1: taken care of and protected. Let's get to the macro 152 00:08:15,480 --> 00:08:19,720 Speaker 1: story for a moment, because the last time you discussed inflation, 153 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:22,840 Speaker 1: you said you were worried. Now quite a bit more 154 00:08:22,920 --> 00:08:26,880 Speaker 1: data has come through. How has that view evolved since? Well, 155 00:08:26,920 --> 00:08:29,840 Speaker 1: I was worried because I thought we'd see inflation. We 156 00:08:29,960 --> 00:08:32,640 Speaker 1: have seen it. I think you know, we're we're running 157 00:08:32,679 --> 00:08:35,640 Speaker 1: probably in the four to five percent inflation. My guesses 158 00:08:35,679 --> 00:08:38,880 Speaker 1: will stabilize closer to three and a half, but that's 159 00:08:38,920 --> 00:08:42,520 Speaker 1: that's still a significant issue. For a long time, the 160 00:08:42,520 --> 00:08:45,960 Speaker 1: Federal Reserve was concerned that we couldn't get inflation up 161 00:08:45,960 --> 00:08:49,240 Speaker 1: to two percent, but now, just given the enormous amount 162 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:53,400 Speaker 1: of fiscal and monetary support, I am very concerned that 163 00:08:53,440 --> 00:08:55,640 Speaker 1: we're going to see higher interest rates and the impact 164 00:08:55,679 --> 00:08:59,560 Speaker 1: on consumers and antenue it treasury yields those still go 165 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:01,400 Speaker 1: to three point five because that's what you said last 166 00:09:01,440 --> 00:09:05,320 Speaker 1: That's that's still my prediction. Okay. What about the ability 167 00:09:05,679 --> 00:09:08,319 Speaker 1: of the United States to grew itself out of three 168 00:09:08,360 --> 00:09:12,480 Speaker 1: and post pandemic debts and the massive amounts of money 169 00:09:12,600 --> 00:09:16,880 Speaker 1: that it's borrowed. Well, look, there's no question that during 170 00:09:16,920 --> 00:09:21,360 Speaker 1: this crisis we needed to have massive support. And I'm 171 00:09:21,400 --> 00:09:23,320 Speaker 1: most proud of the fact that we passed to the 172 00:09:23,320 --> 00:09:27,400 Speaker 1: two Cares bills to zero and a hundred to zero 173 00:09:27,679 --> 00:09:31,439 Speaker 1: in the Senate. That was pretty extraordinary. Uh, we spend 174 00:09:31,480 --> 00:09:34,280 Speaker 1: four trillion dollars. I never thought I'd be saying those 175 00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:37,760 Speaker 1: words four trillion dollars. I think we needed to spend 176 00:09:37,800 --> 00:09:40,839 Speaker 1: that money where we would have had a global depression, 177 00:09:40,960 --> 00:09:45,720 Speaker 1: not recession. But the new administration has continued to spend 178 00:09:45,880 --> 00:09:49,880 Speaker 1: another two trillion dollars, now more money. I'm very concerned 179 00:09:49,920 --> 00:09:53,079 Speaker 1: about the size of the national debt at twenty a 180 00:09:53,080 --> 00:09:55,280 Speaker 1: half trillion today, I worry it could go up to 181 00:09:55,360 --> 00:09:58,439 Speaker 1: thirty two trillion on a twenty three trillion dollar economy. 182 00:09:58,640 --> 00:10:01,040 Speaker 1: It's quite concerning. I want to stay with the fiscal 183 00:10:01,080 --> 00:10:03,840 Speaker 1: sign of things for a moment because the Democratic tax 184 00:10:03,920 --> 00:10:07,959 Speaker 1: plan has been controversial to some. Uh the billionaire taxes, 185 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:11,080 Speaker 1: it's also called. Do you think that the it's a 186 00:10:11,120 --> 00:10:13,840 Speaker 1: good plan with a pass Congress. Well, let me just 187 00:10:13,880 --> 00:10:16,520 Speaker 1: first say, I think now is the wrong time to 188 00:10:16,640 --> 00:10:21,000 Speaker 1: raise taxes on anybody, whether it's billionaires or average consumers 189 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:24,280 Speaker 1: and spend. I think we've done plenty of spending. I 190 00:10:24,320 --> 00:10:27,840 Speaker 1: think the problem with the billionaire taxes one, it probably 191 00:10:27,880 --> 00:10:30,360 Speaker 1: won't raise much money since a lot of this money 192 00:10:30,400 --> 00:10:33,559 Speaker 1: will be given away to foundations. Uh, so it won't 193 00:10:33,559 --> 00:10:37,320 Speaker 1: be taxed. The other issue is it's probably unconstitutional. And 194 00:10:37,360 --> 00:10:41,199 Speaker 1: the third issue is it creates very very bad incentive. 195 00:10:41,800 --> 00:10:45,160 Speaker 1: How do you tax public securities and not private securities? 196 00:10:45,679 --> 00:10:49,400 Speaker 1: Think about this. It's a complete disincentive to grow your business. 197 00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:52,040 Speaker 1: To basically say every year the government will take a 198 00:10:52,080 --> 00:10:55,040 Speaker 1: little bit more of your business away. That's not the 199 00:10:55,120 --> 00:10:58,760 Speaker 1: right incentive for long term investing. A shout out to 200 00:10:58,800 --> 00:11:02,080 Speaker 1: Tom Keene for this quest, and he is looking to 201 00:11:02,120 --> 00:11:04,839 Speaker 1: find an answer on whether there's gonna be an opportunity 202 00:11:04,840 --> 00:11:09,280 Speaker 1: for Republicans in twenty four to reassert a calmer policy 203 00:11:09,600 --> 00:11:15,120 Speaker 1: out of the prison camps, out of what the present chaos. Well, uh, 204 00:11:15,160 --> 00:11:17,960 Speaker 1: you know, well, we'll see. It's uh, it's it's politics, 205 00:11:18,160 --> 00:11:20,080 Speaker 1: you know. My guess is a lot of things will 206 00:11:20,160 --> 00:11:22,720 Speaker 1: change over the next couple of years. Again, my biggest 207 00:11:22,720 --> 00:11:26,280 Speaker 1: concern right now is we need less spending and we 208 00:11:26,320 --> 00:11:29,400 Speaker 1: need to worry about making sure we don't have inflation 209 00:11:29,480 --> 00:11:33,400 Speaker 1: out of control and the national debt is sustainable. We've 210 00:11:33,440 --> 00:11:35,960 Speaker 1: seen a US bend on a on a China telco 211 00:11:37,080 --> 00:11:39,400 Speaker 1: in many ways. One would have thought that some of 212 00:11:39,400 --> 00:11:42,079 Speaker 1: the tension between China and the United States would ease 213 00:11:42,120 --> 00:11:44,280 Speaker 1: a little bit with a new administration and a new 214 00:11:44,280 --> 00:11:47,440 Speaker 1: approach community. That hasn't happened as fast, was not happening 215 00:11:47,440 --> 00:11:51,680 Speaker 1: at all. Have you been surprised about how this is evolved. Well, 216 00:11:51,760 --> 00:11:54,880 Speaker 1: let me just say, Ambassador Leidheiser and I spent a 217 00:11:54,920 --> 00:11:57,120 Speaker 1: lot of time going back and forth to China. I 218 00:11:57,160 --> 00:12:00,960 Speaker 1: think we probably had twenty different meetings with the Vice Premier, 219 00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:02,960 Speaker 1: and I think we're proud of the work we did 220 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:06,080 Speaker 1: on the Phase one trade agreement. My own opinion is 221 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,319 Speaker 1: a lot work, more work needs to be done, that 222 00:12:09,360 --> 00:12:13,240 Speaker 1: there should be more dialogue as it relates to telecom. Look, 223 00:12:13,280 --> 00:12:16,600 Speaker 1: I think there's certain areas that are national security areas 224 00:12:17,320 --> 00:12:20,160 Speaker 1: at least as it relates to certain telecom equipment, and 225 00:12:20,200 --> 00:12:22,880 Speaker 1: I'm not commenting on the specific of this. We want 226 00:12:22,880 --> 00:12:27,280 Speaker 1: to make sure that our data integrity. On the other hand, 227 00:12:27,320 --> 00:12:30,480 Speaker 1: these are two large economies that have to coexist, and 228 00:12:30,520 --> 00:12:33,000 Speaker 1: I think the work work needs to continue to be done. 229 00:12:33,040 --> 00:12:36,960 Speaker 1: On trade. China has always had the opportunity to have 230 00:12:37,040 --> 00:12:39,560 Speaker 1: the US markets open, and we need to make sure 231 00:12:39,600 --> 00:12:42,480 Speaker 1: we have the same reciprocal opportunities. We have to do 232 00:12:42,559 --> 00:12:44,880 Speaker 1: it there. Thank you very much for the time. That's 233 00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:48,600 Speaker 1: Steven Newton is the founder of Liberty Strategic Capital TAM 234 00:12:48,720 --> 00:12:51,560 Speaker 1: and the rest of the team. Thank you, sir, Thank 235 00:12:51,559 --> 00:12:53,560 Speaker 1: you very much as always, catching up with the fulm 236 00:12:53,600 --> 00:13:02,640 Speaker 1: of trenchery. Secretary that step yeah, to find out what 237 00:13:02,720 --> 00:13:07,480 Speaker 1: Industrial America is doing and what is so advantageous here 238 00:13:07,520 --> 00:13:09,440 Speaker 1: is David Weston and I. We didn't look at the 239 00:13:09,480 --> 00:13:13,719 Speaker 1: first generation corvette. We looked at the second generation corvette 240 00:13:14,160 --> 00:13:17,720 Speaker 1: and said someday we'll own one of those. And there's 241 00:13:17,760 --> 00:13:23,480 Speaker 1: a new one to you that I'm sitting at home. 242 00:13:23,720 --> 00:13:25,840 Speaker 1: Thank you so much. To Tom Keane, we're delighted if 243 00:13:25,840 --> 00:13:28,040 Speaker 1: you joined right now. By General Motors chair and CEO, 244 00:13:28,160 --> 00:13:31,360 Speaker 1: Mary Barrow, they had their third quarter earnings out today, Mary, 245 00:13:31,400 --> 00:13:33,839 Speaker 1: thank you for joining us. First of all, congratulations, you 246 00:13:33,880 --> 00:13:35,520 Speaker 1: did a lot better than most people thought you'd do. 247 00:13:35,760 --> 00:13:37,640 Speaker 1: I don't want to take anything away from that, but 248 00:13:37,760 --> 00:13:39,400 Speaker 1: can you give us some sense how much of its 249 00:13:39,400 --> 00:13:42,800 Speaker 1: core operations I don't have some financing because of used 250 00:13:42,800 --> 00:13:45,320 Speaker 1: car sales that really were on a tear, and also 251 00:13:45,600 --> 00:13:49,960 Speaker 1: reimbursement for that bolt recall. Well, I think it was 252 00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:51,840 Speaker 1: it was all of those things. I mean, g MF 253 00:13:51,920 --> 00:13:54,800 Speaker 1: is performed very strongly. We also saw, you know, in 254 00:13:54,920 --> 00:13:58,480 Speaker 1: light of the current environment China, our China earning equity 255 00:13:58,520 --> 00:14:00,920 Speaker 1: earnings were strong. But I think what the real story 256 00:14:01,080 --> 00:14:03,880 Speaker 1: is is how how well we perform from trucks and 257 00:14:03,920 --> 00:14:07,040 Speaker 1: full size SUVs. We're selling every vehicle we can make, 258 00:14:07,120 --> 00:14:10,520 Speaker 1: and I think that along with uh uh, you know, 259 00:14:10,559 --> 00:14:13,240 Speaker 1: the overall environment is what allowed us to have a 260 00:14:13,280 --> 00:14:15,520 Speaker 1: beat for the quarter. And you know, I think it 261 00:14:15,600 --> 00:14:19,000 Speaker 1: shows the strength of our underlying business. So I'm really 262 00:14:19,040 --> 00:14:21,320 Speaker 1: proud of the team and everything that they accomplished. So 263 00:14:21,440 --> 00:14:23,880 Speaker 1: the magic words there for me where everyone you can 264 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:26,280 Speaker 1: make because you can't necessarily make all the ones you'd 265 00:14:26,320 --> 00:14:28,360 Speaker 1: like because of the supply chain problems. We've talked about 266 00:14:28,360 --> 00:14:31,240 Speaker 1: it before. I know that it's continuing into next year. 267 00:14:31,520 --> 00:14:33,600 Speaker 1: I guess my key question for you, Mary is is 268 00:14:33,600 --> 00:14:36,280 Speaker 1: there anything at this point that can be done to 269 00:14:36,680 --> 00:14:38,880 Speaker 1: speed up the time that you can get the microchips 270 00:14:38,880 --> 00:14:43,040 Speaker 1: that you need. Well, you know, we're seeing improvements in 271 00:14:43,120 --> 00:14:46,400 Speaker 1: fourth quarter. We had indicated that Q three would be 272 00:14:46,680 --> 00:14:48,920 Speaker 1: the toughest for us, which is and that it was 273 00:14:48,960 --> 00:14:53,480 Speaker 1: further impacted by COVID, But we're seeing strong, stronger performance. 274 00:14:53,520 --> 00:14:55,720 Speaker 1: Now we'll have a Q one will be better than 275 00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:58,440 Speaker 1: Q four. It will linger into next year and we're 276 00:14:58,920 --> 00:15:01,040 Speaker 1: right now are are feeling as will be UH in 277 00:15:01,080 --> 00:15:04,400 Speaker 1: a much better shape in the second half of two. 278 00:15:04,720 --> 00:15:07,760 Speaker 1: And we're also taking steps over the medium term to 279 00:15:07,800 --> 00:15:10,160 Speaker 1: make sure we're never seeing this kind of constraint, not 280 00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:12,320 Speaker 1: only with chips, but with other you know, whether it's 281 00:15:12,320 --> 00:15:15,920 Speaker 1: critical materials or just the overall supply chain. Because we 282 00:15:15,960 --> 00:15:18,280 Speaker 1: have an aggressive growth strategy in front of us, and 283 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:20,120 Speaker 1: we're going to make sure that we can execute it. 284 00:15:20,200 --> 00:15:22,760 Speaker 1: So it's a very it's a near term problem. Um 285 00:15:22,920 --> 00:15:25,040 Speaker 1: that will work through in the meantime, Marerea, are there 286 00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:26,720 Speaker 1: places you can save some costs? Let me give you 287 00:15:26,720 --> 00:15:29,240 Speaker 1: one example advertising. If you can't sell as many vehicles, 288 00:15:29,280 --> 00:15:32,600 Speaker 1: maybe you don't need to advertise as much. Well, you know, David, 289 00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:36,080 Speaker 1: it's a great point. We are saving across the board. Uh. 290 00:15:36,200 --> 00:15:39,480 Speaker 1: You know, we're we're seeing a strong pricing environment. Obviously 291 00:15:39,560 --> 00:15:42,360 Speaker 1: we're adjusting what we're doing to match. Uh, you know 292 00:15:42,400 --> 00:15:44,880 Speaker 1: the fact that we're selling over every vehicle that we can. 293 00:15:45,160 --> 00:15:49,720 Speaker 1: But also through COVID and and through this crisis with semiconductors, 294 00:15:49,920 --> 00:15:52,040 Speaker 1: we have found ways to make the business more efficient. 295 00:15:52,080 --> 00:15:55,240 Speaker 1: We're working with our dealers to uh to drive an 296 00:15:55,240 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: increase in profitability for them as well as improving our costs. 297 00:15:58,480 --> 00:16:01,920 Speaker 1: And so across the word, we are always driving efficiencies 298 00:16:01,920 --> 00:16:05,040 Speaker 1: and that that's an underlying, underlying strength of our organization 299 00:16:05,120 --> 00:16:07,640 Speaker 1: and that supports the strong earnings. Mary, Let's talk about 300 00:16:07,640 --> 00:16:10,800 Speaker 1: the perhaps longer term. That's electric vehicle something you've really embraced. 301 00:16:10,800 --> 00:16:13,600 Speaker 1: You have some very aggressive goals for General Motors going 302 00:16:13,600 --> 00:16:16,520 Speaker 1: out electric vehicles. We had some big news this week 303 00:16:16,560 --> 00:16:19,520 Speaker 1: from arrival starts with a T won't necessarily name it. 304 00:16:19,560 --> 00:16:22,680 Speaker 1: With some big fleet sales, particularly to HURT. I know 305 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:24,640 Speaker 1: in the past you've been I think a little dubious 306 00:16:24,640 --> 00:16:27,720 Speaker 1: about fleet sales because the margins get down. Where are 307 00:16:27,720 --> 00:16:30,360 Speaker 1: you on fleet sales for electric vehicles? Are they different 308 00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:32,760 Speaker 1: because you really want to get broad acceptance? Are you 309 00:16:32,800 --> 00:16:35,960 Speaker 1: looking at fleet sales for electric vehicles? Well, you know, 310 00:16:36,040 --> 00:16:39,400 Speaker 1: if you look at bright Drop, you know the commercial fleet, uh, 311 00:16:39,440 --> 00:16:42,200 Speaker 1: and what we can do from a light commercial vehicle 312 00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:45,840 Speaker 1: perspective with bright Drop and and the whole ecosystem that 313 00:16:45,840 --> 00:16:48,360 Speaker 1: will support I think is a huge opportunity, and that's 314 00:16:48,400 --> 00:16:52,200 Speaker 1: some of the most profitable of fleet sales. We're looking 315 00:16:52,280 --> 00:16:55,480 Speaker 1: at many different opportunities because with electric vehicles you can 316 00:16:55,520 --> 00:17:00,760 Speaker 1: really kind of re reframe how the sales will be, 317 00:17:01,160 --> 00:17:04,119 Speaker 1: and so we're looking at a number of opportunities. But 318 00:17:04,160 --> 00:17:06,880 Speaker 1: I think you know what we've announced is around bright Drop. 319 00:17:06,920 --> 00:17:09,040 Speaker 1: I'm very excited about that because that's just pure growth 320 00:17:09,040 --> 00:17:11,280 Speaker 1: for us. But as I understand, we shouldn't rule out 321 00:17:11,280 --> 00:17:13,280 Speaker 1: the possiblity that down the road, General Motors might have 322 00:17:13,320 --> 00:17:16,359 Speaker 1: a deal similar Hurts deal. Well, you know, in the 323 00:17:16,359 --> 00:17:19,160 Speaker 1: past we have limited our rental cars because that generally 324 00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:23,399 Speaker 1: was the least profitable type of fleet sales. As UM, 325 00:17:23,520 --> 00:17:26,760 Speaker 1: we reimagine how the business will look. We're not ruling 326 00:17:26,800 --> 00:17:29,040 Speaker 1: anything out, okay. And finally, Mary, we've talked a lot 327 00:17:29,080 --> 00:17:31,399 Speaker 1: about back to the office. Since we talked last, there 328 00:17:31,440 --> 00:17:34,359 Speaker 1: have been more and more vaccine mandates. Is that affecting 329 00:17:34,400 --> 00:17:38,280 Speaker 1: General Motors operations? Do you anticipate it will? I don't 330 00:17:38,280 --> 00:17:40,640 Speaker 1: think it will. You know what will work? We continue 331 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:43,360 Speaker 1: to encourage our employees to get the vaccine we encourage, 332 00:17:43,400 --> 00:17:46,080 Speaker 1: We continue to provide them the information, uh you know, 333 00:17:46,160 --> 00:17:50,160 Speaker 1: from CDC and other UM like organizations around the globe. 334 00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:53,000 Speaker 1: And we're going to work UM to understand how to 335 00:17:53,080 --> 00:17:56,480 Speaker 1: implement the executive order from the President, but to do 336 00:17:56,600 --> 00:17:59,560 Speaker 1: so in a way that our employees and our unions 337 00:17:59,800 --> 00:18:02,560 Speaker 1: of agree to. So once we know the details, will 338 00:18:02,640 --> 00:18:05,600 Speaker 1: work the execution plan. But I don't foresee it being 339 00:18:05,640 --> 00:18:09,040 Speaker 1: an issue for General Motors as we look at our 340 00:18:09,400 --> 00:18:12,360 Speaker 1: overall labor availability. You do have a obviously a very 341 00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:14,560 Speaker 1: important relationship with the U A w C. I oh, 342 00:18:14,920 --> 00:18:17,200 Speaker 1: as you talk with them, do you see resistance coming 343 00:18:17,200 --> 00:18:21,680 Speaker 1: from the union side to vaccine mandates? Well, I think 344 00:18:21,720 --> 00:18:23,560 Speaker 1: that's a better question to ask a S the U 345 00:18:23,640 --> 00:18:26,520 Speaker 1: A W. We're just working with them to provide information 346 00:18:26,680 --> 00:18:29,919 Speaker 1: and encourage encourage all of our employees to make the 347 00:18:29,960 --> 00:18:33,040 Speaker 1: decision with the right information. And that's what we'll continue 348 00:18:33,040 --> 00:18:35,000 Speaker 1: to do. And then again we'll look at what the 349 00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:37,639 Speaker 1: specifics are of the mandate and figure out how to 350 00:18:37,720 --> 00:18:39,840 Speaker 1: how to implement. At this point, we don't know where 351 00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:41,680 Speaker 1: we are in the pandemic, but it seems like it's 352 00:18:41,680 --> 00:18:43,600 Speaker 1: getting better again in the United States. Is it affecting 353 00:18:43,640 --> 00:18:48,800 Speaker 1: GM operations either on the sales side or the production side. Actually, uh, 354 00:18:48,840 --> 00:18:52,040 Speaker 1: you know we're the biggest impact. That's UH that's gating 355 00:18:52,119 --> 00:18:54,399 Speaker 1: us right now. Is we talked about his semiconductors, but 356 00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:59,000 Speaker 1: we've we've seen recovery from the impact in Q three 357 00:18:59,080 --> 00:19:01,360 Speaker 1: from some of our supply eye base that caused UH 358 00:19:01,600 --> 00:19:06,159 Speaker 1: a little bit deeper impact. So I'm I'm optimistic that 359 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:08,560 Speaker 1: we are through the worst of it. UM. We've shared 360 00:19:08,600 --> 00:19:11,200 Speaker 1: our safety protocols with our supply base around the world, 361 00:19:11,520 --> 00:19:13,800 Speaker 1: So that's what gives me confidence that we're going to 362 00:19:13,880 --> 00:19:16,119 Speaker 1: see a stronger Q four and then a stronger Q 363 00:19:16,320 --> 00:19:19,399 Speaker 1: one and even UH as we get to the second 364 00:19:19,400 --> 00:19:22,639 Speaker 1: half of next year. UH continued improvement as you have 365 00:19:22,680 --> 00:19:24,639 Speaker 1: that gating function as you refer to it, Mary, with 366 00:19:24,680 --> 00:19:28,040 Speaker 1: the semiconductors, are you seeing inflation either in the cost 367 00:19:28,119 --> 00:19:31,560 Speaker 1: you're paying for inputs or costs you can pass along 368 00:19:31,760 --> 00:19:36,480 Speaker 1: the consumers. Well, we definitely are seeing commodity prices increasing 369 00:19:36,520 --> 00:19:38,720 Speaker 1: as well as the cost of logistics, which I think is, 370 00:19:39,000 --> 00:19:42,400 Speaker 1: you know, impacting almost every industry. We're working in managing 371 00:19:42,440 --> 00:19:46,080 Speaker 1: that right now. And again because our product portfolio is 372 00:19:46,119 --> 00:19:49,320 Speaker 1: so strong, I really believe it's the strongest car strucks 373 00:19:49,320 --> 00:19:51,960 Speaker 1: and crossovers we've had in my forty year career here 374 00:19:51,960 --> 00:19:54,399 Speaker 1: at General Motors, and that's that's what is allowing us 375 00:19:54,440 --> 00:19:56,720 Speaker 1: to also have very strong pricing and because we have 376 00:19:56,720 --> 00:19:59,920 Speaker 1: strong receptivity from the customers. Okay, very really appreciate you 377 00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:02,280 Speaker 1: spend time and say that's Mary bar She's the General 378 00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:12,000 Speaker 1: Motors chair and CEO. David thinks so much. We are 379 00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:17,920 Speaker 1: looking at advanced goods trade balances that we've never imagined. 380 00:20:18,040 --> 00:20:21,879 Speaker 1: We're out to a nineties six negative nineties six billion 381 00:20:21,920 --> 00:20:26,520 Speaker 1: dollar statistic which I would respectively suggest Diane Swonker myself 382 00:20:26,560 --> 00:20:31,200 Speaker 1: have never framed. Let's begin there. She is with Grant Thornton, Diane, 383 00:20:31,280 --> 00:20:36,639 Speaker 1: we have not talked about net exports, exports, imports, but 384 00:20:36,760 --> 00:20:44,720 Speaker 1: we have a goods trade balance unimaginable. What does that signal, Well, 385 00:20:44,760 --> 00:20:47,399 Speaker 1: it's really strong demand in the United States relative to 386 00:20:47,440 --> 00:20:49,240 Speaker 1: the rest of the world. That's just where we're at. 387 00:20:49,320 --> 00:20:51,679 Speaker 1: And I think one of the interesting things is, of 388 00:20:51,720 --> 00:20:54,200 Speaker 1: course that will subtract from growth in the third quarter, 389 00:20:54,359 --> 00:20:57,440 Speaker 1: even as durable goods add to growth. In her investment 390 00:20:57,760 --> 00:21:00,080 Speaker 1: that we're seeing out there is really the strongest and 391 00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:04,159 Speaker 1: technology intellectual property that we've seen since the nineteen So 392 00:21:04,160 --> 00:21:06,679 Speaker 1: we'll get some productivity growth, but it really is going 393 00:21:06,720 --> 00:21:08,640 Speaker 1: to be the weakest growth of the quarter, which we'll 394 00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:11,760 Speaker 1: get out tomorrow, will be the third quarter, the weakest 395 00:21:11,800 --> 00:21:14,960 Speaker 1: growth since the onset of the pandemic recovery. But of 396 00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:18,240 Speaker 1: course we're now starting to gain more traction again as 397 00:21:18,320 --> 00:21:21,199 Speaker 1: the delta wave fades, and we're seeing that already in 398 00:21:21,240 --> 00:21:23,080 Speaker 1: some of the credit card data coming in for the 399 00:21:23,119 --> 00:21:25,960 Speaker 1: month of October and as we go into November. Of course, 400 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:28,040 Speaker 1: the biggest constraint we're going to face out there is 401 00:21:28,040 --> 00:21:32,040 Speaker 1: shortages and price heights. Rebecca Patterson was on earlier and 402 00:21:32,119 --> 00:21:35,360 Speaker 1: she would demand that we asked the economist Diane Swank, 403 00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:39,080 Speaker 1: Are we in a demand shock or a supply sack? 404 00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:43,200 Speaker 1: Rebecca Patterson of Bridgewater says, this is a demand shock. 405 00:21:46,040 --> 00:21:48,119 Speaker 1: It's all of the above. I mean, there's no question 406 00:21:48,160 --> 00:21:50,840 Speaker 1: there's a demand shock out there, and we've used at 407 00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:53,640 Speaker 1: Jamaan chock with the last round of stimulus checks. We've 408 00:21:53,640 --> 00:21:56,720 Speaker 1: got a lot of excess savings that's being drained down. 409 00:21:57,119 --> 00:22:00,399 Speaker 1: Much depends on how much we get the pride sector 410 00:22:00,440 --> 00:22:03,479 Speaker 1: to pick up the baton from the federal government as 411 00:22:03,560 --> 00:22:06,639 Speaker 1: we get into the fourth quarter and into two and 412 00:22:06,640 --> 00:22:09,600 Speaker 1: see job gains pick up again after the delta wave. 413 00:22:09,720 --> 00:22:12,640 Speaker 1: I think that's going to happen, and that is hard 414 00:22:12,720 --> 00:22:15,879 Speaker 1: for the FED because even as you're on your comparisons 415 00:22:16,119 --> 00:22:19,199 Speaker 1: get to be more difficult, which means the inflation numbers 416 00:22:19,200 --> 00:22:21,920 Speaker 1: should taper off a bit. In two. I think they're 417 00:22:21,960 --> 00:22:24,720 Speaker 1: going to be residually higher than the FED is going 418 00:22:24,800 --> 00:22:26,840 Speaker 1: to be comfortable with, and they're they're going to be 419 00:22:26,840 --> 00:22:29,639 Speaker 1: in the tough position of determining whether or not the 420 00:22:29,680 --> 00:22:33,680 Speaker 1: inflation that we're enduring in two is in fact going 421 00:22:33,760 --> 00:22:38,080 Speaker 1: to be more um intracted get into the economy more. 422 00:22:38,400 --> 00:22:40,359 Speaker 1: And I think that's something that they're going to have 423 00:22:40,480 --> 00:22:43,439 Speaker 1: to act on. And my concern is that we do 424 00:22:43,560 --> 00:22:46,919 Speaker 1: see companies out there doubling up on inventories, doubling up 425 00:22:46,920 --> 00:22:50,520 Speaker 1: on orders to hedge against what are these supply chain shocks. 426 00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:53,200 Speaker 1: But that won't abate inflation until we get well into 427 00:22:54,040 --> 00:22:55,679 Speaker 1: three and that's just too long for the FED to 428 00:22:55,720 --> 00:22:59,360 Speaker 1: wake Dan. Let's get into the politics of the economics, 429 00:22:59,400 --> 00:23:01,720 Speaker 1: because that's where it's going in Washington, d C. The 430 00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:05,320 Speaker 1: idea of the demand side shock versus the supply side 431 00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:08,280 Speaker 1: shock is frankly squarely in the Republican talking points where 432 00:23:08,280 --> 00:23:11,440 Speaker 1: they're saying it is because we passed these bills earlier 433 00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:14,240 Speaker 1: in the year and last year that basically gave people 434 00:23:14,320 --> 00:23:17,199 Speaker 1: checks that we're seeing the demand shock that we are seeing. 435 00:23:17,440 --> 00:23:21,439 Speaker 1: How much is that really the issue versus just the 436 00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:25,280 Speaker 1: difficulties and turning off an entire economy, turning it back 437 00:23:25,359 --> 00:23:30,399 Speaker 1: on and expecting it to happen without friction. Well, I 438 00:23:30,440 --> 00:23:32,280 Speaker 1: think you know it really is. This is you know, 439 00:23:32,600 --> 00:23:34,560 Speaker 1: friction upon re entry as I call it, as a 440 00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:36,840 Speaker 1: spaceship comes back in and you hope it doesn't bring 441 00:23:37,200 --> 00:23:40,080 Speaker 1: um burn up and the heat shields hold. It really 442 00:23:40,160 --> 00:23:42,240 Speaker 1: is a lot of frictions, frictions in the labor market. 443 00:23:42,280 --> 00:23:44,080 Speaker 1: We've seen that. I think we're going to see more 444 00:23:44,119 --> 00:23:47,240 Speaker 1: workers come back into the labor force in the fourth quarter. 445 00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:50,640 Speaker 1: But the bottom line is you can't expect to turn 446 00:23:50,680 --> 00:23:53,720 Speaker 1: off a global economy and then just ramp it back 447 00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:57,119 Speaker 1: up overnight. And in fact, many producers expected when we 448 00:23:57,160 --> 00:24:01,119 Speaker 1: turn the lights off back in March in the US 449 00:24:01,200 --> 00:24:04,160 Speaker 1: at least some accompany countries before that, that it would 450 00:24:04,160 --> 00:24:06,720 Speaker 1: take quite a while for us to ramp back up. 451 00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:10,000 Speaker 1: And because we supported spending as we needed to, as 452 00:24:10,000 --> 00:24:13,120 Speaker 1: we paid people to go home from work, that ended 453 00:24:13,200 --> 00:24:16,680 Speaker 1: up creating in very unusual dynamic out there. And it's 454 00:24:16,720 --> 00:24:19,520 Speaker 1: just not not to be surprised that we're going through this. 455 00:24:19,920 --> 00:24:23,240 Speaker 1: That said, it's really hard to disentangle the politics from 456 00:24:23,240 --> 00:24:26,600 Speaker 1: the economics. Economics are really all of the above. We 457 00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:29,800 Speaker 1: are having a demand shock because consumers couldn't spend on 458 00:24:29,920 --> 00:24:32,000 Speaker 1: certain things, and then when they can, they're all trying 459 00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:33,679 Speaker 1: to run through the door. At the same time, you 460 00:24:33,720 --> 00:24:37,760 Speaker 1: see searge pricing on hotels and airfares a minute consumers 461 00:24:37,960 --> 00:24:40,680 Speaker 1: come back. We've had a lot of disruptions out there 462 00:24:40,880 --> 00:24:44,159 Speaker 1: in addition to climate change and extreme weather events. Everyone 463 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:48,000 Speaker 1: forgets Hurricane Ida exacerbated the rise in prices at the 464 00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:50,640 Speaker 1: pump in October and adding to all of this confusion. 465 00:24:50,680 --> 00:24:53,400 Speaker 1: Day and you're talking about friction upon re entry. When 466 00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:55,080 Speaker 1: do we know that we've entered right? When do we 467 00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:58,600 Speaker 1: know what signals economic signals do you look at to 468 00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:00,560 Speaker 1: know that we have reached some sort of new normal 469 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:07,080 Speaker 1: rather than just the waiting period for everything to equalize. Well, 470 00:25:07,119 --> 00:25:09,760 Speaker 1: that's you know, the million dollar or a billion trillion 471 00:25:09,760 --> 00:25:11,919 Speaker 1: dollar question. We have to keep going up on our numbers. 472 00:25:12,000 --> 00:25:14,200 Speaker 1: I think quadrillion is the next one after this one. 473 00:25:14,200 --> 00:25:16,719 Speaker 1: I actually had to look it up. But there's no 474 00:25:16,840 --> 00:25:20,040 Speaker 1: question that what we're looking for is some kind of 475 00:25:20,080 --> 00:25:24,640 Speaker 1: a sort of stabilizing in underlying inflation pressures um not 476 00:25:24,800 --> 00:25:28,040 Speaker 1: as broad based inflation increases. I think one of the 477 00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:31,080 Speaker 1: things we're gonna have to be dealing with two is 478 00:25:31,119 --> 00:25:33,600 Speaker 1: the lags on shelter and that could add a half 479 00:25:33,640 --> 00:25:36,760 Speaker 1: percent to underlying inflation measures alone. So even as some 480 00:25:36,800 --> 00:25:39,480 Speaker 1: of the energy price and the surge pricing that we're 481 00:25:39,520 --> 00:25:42,119 Speaker 1: seeing right now, as we get that friction going and 482 00:25:42,160 --> 00:25:44,919 Speaker 1: the real heat that singes, that will cool down, but 483 00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:47,680 Speaker 1: not enough to sort of leave the FED on the sidelines. 484 00:25:47,720 --> 00:25:49,919 Speaker 1: I really don't think we're gonna see anything about what 485 00:25:49,960 --> 00:25:53,159 Speaker 1: this economy really is like outside of a pandemic and 486 00:25:53,280 --> 00:25:56,920 Speaker 1: into an endemic until we get into three because we're 487 00:25:56,920 --> 00:25:59,680 Speaker 1: talking about not even being able to vaccinate the world, 488 00:25:59,760 --> 00:26:03,920 Speaker 1: which is key here until well into Dane. What's so 489 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:07,640 Speaker 1: important here? And you've been you've really had truly national 490 00:26:07,720 --> 00:26:10,680 Speaker 1: leadership on this is don't forget the Third coast. It's 491 00:26:10,680 --> 00:26:13,359 Speaker 1: all about the East coast, the West coast, and there's 492 00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:18,280 Speaker 1: one big flyover including Frankly O'Hara in Chicago, Dan Swak, 493 00:26:18,320 --> 00:26:22,040 Speaker 1: that's a bunch of Bologny. What is the tech revolution 494 00:26:22,200 --> 00:26:26,320 Speaker 1: right now in the third coast of America? Away from Amazon, 495 00:26:26,680 --> 00:26:31,240 Speaker 1: away from Microsoft? What's the tech revolution? Look across the 496 00:26:31,359 --> 00:26:36,720 Speaker 1: four time zones? You know, actually we are seeing a 497 00:26:36,840 --> 00:26:39,639 Speaker 1: major tech spread out across the country. And this is 498 00:26:39,680 --> 00:26:42,440 Speaker 1: really interesting to see what's going on. You're seeing tech 499 00:26:42,520 --> 00:26:45,840 Speaker 1: hubs in places like Boise, you know, really real places 500 00:26:45,880 --> 00:26:48,960 Speaker 1: to see it, Charlotte, Austin obviously, but we also have 501 00:26:49,040 --> 00:26:51,640 Speaker 1: some in Chicago. It's really been stunning to see what's 502 00:26:51,640 --> 00:26:55,280 Speaker 1: going on here and where the real high end building 503 00:26:55,359 --> 00:26:58,159 Speaker 1: and high end housing is going up, and high end 504 00:26:58,160 --> 00:27:01,480 Speaker 1: construction for office space is tech related, and so what 505 00:27:01,560 --> 00:27:04,199 Speaker 1: you're seeing is some of that tech being spread across 506 00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:06,600 Speaker 1: the nation. And what we've really seen is the pandemic 507 00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:10,840 Speaker 1: acceleratate the digitization of the US economy. You're seeing that 508 00:27:11,000 --> 00:27:13,919 Speaker 1: in the car industry, the electric cars coming out, not 509 00:27:14,119 --> 00:27:18,040 Speaker 1: just from Tesla, but also from the traditional automakers with 510 00:27:18,119 --> 00:27:20,760 Speaker 1: a lot more options out there, this movement is on. 511 00:27:20,880 --> 00:27:22,879 Speaker 1: In fact, they're worried about how how they're going to 512 00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:26,480 Speaker 1: get um dealers to sell electric vehicles. Well, it's not 513 00:27:26,560 --> 00:27:28,960 Speaker 1: part of the model. The bottom line is demand is 514 00:27:29,080 --> 00:27:32,840 Speaker 1: driving some of the movement on electric vehicles, and dealers 515 00:27:32,880 --> 00:27:36,719 Speaker 1: models are being outdated as we've moved to now buy online, 516 00:27:36,920 --> 00:27:40,280 Speaker 1: even cars and homes. It really is a different world. 517 00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:44,240 Speaker 1: Of course, that digitization also creates big gaps and inequalities. 518 00:27:44,359 --> 00:27:46,800 Speaker 1: People who are trying to apply for jobs aren't used 519 00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:50,040 Speaker 1: to being able to apply having to apply totally online, 520 00:27:50,040 --> 00:27:52,280 Speaker 1: which is where all the jobs are listed now, and 521 00:27:52,320 --> 00:27:55,800 Speaker 1: they're in broadband dead zones. We really need to expand 522 00:27:55,840 --> 00:27:58,320 Speaker 1: broadband to be able to increase the access of those 523 00:27:58,320 --> 00:28:01,040 Speaker 1: people who need jobs and or match them up to 524 00:28:01,080 --> 00:28:03,480 Speaker 1: where people who don't have to people who are looking 525 00:28:03,520 --> 00:28:06,800 Speaker 1: for workers. That's difficult as well, both in urban and 526 00:28:06,920 --> 00:28:10,760 Speaker 1: rural area. So this really is a massive change that 527 00:28:10,880 --> 00:28:13,840 Speaker 1: the pandemic accelerated, and I think it will deliver a 528 00:28:13,840 --> 00:28:17,399 Speaker 1: lot of productivity growth. The problem is it's not evenly distributed. 529 00:28:17,640 --> 00:28:20,800 Speaker 1: The brilliant Dan Swunk of Grand Thornson looking forward to 530 00:28:20,800 --> 00:28:23,680 Speaker 1: catching up again next week, hopefully around that fat decision. Dian, 531 00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:34,159 Speaker 1: thank you joining us now. Without question, our interview of 532 00:28:34,200 --> 00:28:38,000 Speaker 1: the day is a skeptic one. Douglas Cast of Sea 533 00:28:38,040 --> 00:28:41,800 Speaker 1: Breeze Partners and Doug the class act. You are you 534 00:28:41,920 --> 00:28:46,360 Speaker 1: not only quote Thomas Lee, who has nailed this bulmarket surge, 535 00:28:46,760 --> 00:28:49,400 Speaker 1: but you say, look, this is where Tom Lee is, 536 00:28:49,960 --> 00:28:52,800 Speaker 1: this is why Tom Lee's right, and boy have I 537 00:28:52,920 --> 00:28:58,000 Speaker 1: been wrong? Now? What for Doug Cass. You know what 538 00:28:58,040 --> 00:29:01,600 Speaker 1: the dude said in the big lebout sometimes you eat 539 00:29:01,640 --> 00:29:04,880 Speaker 1: the bar, and well sometimes the bar each you. Yeah, 540 00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:06,480 Speaker 1: but you're in the bright, Dug. I'm not going to 541 00:29:06,600 --> 00:29:09,160 Speaker 1: mince words here. Everybody else is out there being quiet. 542 00:29:09,440 --> 00:29:12,880 Speaker 1: You're like a pinata out on social because you've got 543 00:29:12,880 --> 00:29:17,840 Speaker 1: the courage to be vocal invisible about your convictions. Now 544 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:22,480 Speaker 1: what I do. I'm very straightforward. Um, I would say that, 545 00:29:22,640 --> 00:29:25,560 Speaker 1: you know, there's the English translation of a Chinese curse. 546 00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:30,200 Speaker 1: May we live in interesting times? And I do believe 547 00:29:30,240 --> 00:29:34,520 Speaker 1: that we live in the most interesting times of all. Um. 548 00:29:34,560 --> 00:29:36,440 Speaker 1: You know, I embarrassed on the market. I think that 549 00:29:36,560 --> 00:29:39,480 Speaker 1: the conditions that exist in the real economy or on 550 00:29:39,600 --> 00:29:44,320 Speaker 1: Main Street have diverged widely from Wall Street. And it's 551 00:29:44,360 --> 00:29:48,400 Speaker 1: happening at a time in which valuations based upon historical 552 00:29:48,440 --> 00:29:52,560 Speaker 1: metrics such as my friend Robert Schiller's keep ratio or 553 00:29:52,600 --> 00:29:55,240 Speaker 1: the market cap to g d P, which is Warren 554 00:29:55,240 --> 00:30:00,520 Speaker 1: Buffett's favorite valuation metric, are all in the or even decile. 555 00:30:01,040 --> 00:30:04,040 Speaker 1: And at the core of my parish market view is 556 00:30:04,080 --> 00:30:08,239 Speaker 1: a notion that inflation and supply chains disruptions will be 557 00:30:08,280 --> 00:30:11,200 Speaker 1: sustained for a lengthy period of time. Now I'm long 558 00:30:11,240 --> 00:30:14,360 Speaker 1: and I'm buying cannabis stocks, but investors are smoking dope 559 00:30:14,680 --> 00:30:18,800 Speaker 1: if they think the supply chain issues are easily solved, solvable, 560 00:30:18,840 --> 00:30:21,320 Speaker 1: And as I said to John Farrow, a bunch of 561 00:30:21,360 --> 00:30:26,080 Speaker 1: times pull market optimism abounds even though there has really 562 00:30:26,120 --> 00:30:30,040 Speaker 1: been such a wide array of possible economic and market outcomes, 563 00:30:30,280 --> 00:30:33,440 Speaker 1: and many of those outcomes are adverse and market unfriendly. 564 00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:37,320 Speaker 1: But when I talk about interesting times, I'm talking about 565 00:30:37,840 --> 00:30:42,200 Speaker 1: the gamification of the market. UM speculation is hot, hot, hot, 566 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:46,080 Speaker 1: and that is not good good good. UM. I'm sure 567 00:30:46,240 --> 00:30:49,000 Speaker 1: robin Hood which is the premier gamer trading site, but 568 00:30:49,120 --> 00:30:52,120 Speaker 1: when but it really has become a floating crap game 569 00:30:52,160 --> 00:30:56,640 Speaker 1: for speculation and digital currencies, meme stocks and weekly option 570 00:30:57,080 --> 00:31:02,400 Speaker 1: trading investing. It seems to meet us increasingly become hass a. 571 00:31:02,880 --> 00:31:05,440 Speaker 1: Let's get Paul to jump in here with some securities analysis. 572 00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:07,959 Speaker 1: Just wondering here, we're about almost two thirds away through 573 00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:10,920 Speaker 1: the earnings reporting cycle here for the third quarter. What 574 00:31:11,080 --> 00:31:13,840 Speaker 1: have you learned that's kind of reinforced or maybe cause 575 00:31:13,920 --> 00:31:17,840 Speaker 1: you a question your call. I think that there's a 576 00:31:17,840 --> 00:31:23,920 Speaker 1: lot of double ordering. UM. I think um uh rates 577 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:27,800 Speaker 1: are going to be rising. I think that the product 578 00:31:27,880 --> 00:31:31,800 Speaker 1: price increases which are occurring at every single company that 579 00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:38,720 Speaker 1: I interview um UM will lead to demand destruction. UM. 580 00:31:38,920 --> 00:31:43,280 Speaker 1: You know, I find that I use the word slugflation 581 00:31:43,840 --> 00:31:47,400 Speaker 1: sluggish economic growth and sustained inflation, not stay inflation. And 582 00:31:47,440 --> 00:31:52,160 Speaker 1: that's what I think slug flash inflation lies ahead. UM. 583 00:31:52,520 --> 00:31:57,400 Speaker 1: I recognize that I think that the UM expansion of 584 00:31:57,480 --> 00:32:00,360 Speaker 1: negative real interest rates has been at the war of 585 00:32:00,400 --> 00:32:02,440 Speaker 1: a lot of bullish arguments. I think you guys will 586 00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:05,920 Speaker 1: both agree, and I recognize that negative real interest rates 587 00:32:05,920 --> 00:32:08,000 Speaker 1: are a tail went to equities. But the fact is 588 00:32:08,480 --> 00:32:12,320 Speaker 1: that expanding negative real interest rates cripple's main street by 589 00:32:12,360 --> 00:32:15,440 Speaker 1: reducing real incomes. And there have been periods of time 590 00:32:15,960 --> 00:32:19,120 Speaker 1: when negative real interest rates have led to market collapses. 591 00:32:19,720 --> 00:32:22,120 Speaker 1: UM the U S stock market in the earlier mid 592 00:32:22,600 --> 00:32:25,880 Speaker 1: seventies UM is a good example, when the nifty fifty 593 00:32:25,920 --> 00:32:29,160 Speaker 1: collapsed and the SMP entered to bear market. Japan is 594 00:32:29,200 --> 00:32:32,280 Speaker 1: another example in which real interest rates have been negative 595 00:32:32,320 --> 00:32:36,320 Speaker 1: for several decades and investment returns have been poor. I've 596 00:32:36,320 --> 00:32:40,440 Speaker 1: been wrong because I've unders understated the herd strength. I've 597 00:32:40,520 --> 00:32:46,320 Speaker 1: understated the strength of FOMO and the inflow of money 598 00:32:46,440 --> 00:32:51,760 Speaker 1: into mutual funds and UH equity mutual funds, as well 599 00:32:51,800 --> 00:32:55,800 Speaker 1: as the changing market structure in which quant strategies that 600 00:32:55,880 --> 00:33:00,680 Speaker 1: know everything about nothing about value. The FED a reserve. 601 00:33:00,760 --> 00:33:04,520 Speaker 1: We've got Chairman Powell, you know, sticking to that inflation 602 00:33:04,640 --> 00:33:06,760 Speaker 1: is transitorious. There's gonna be a problem for him and 603 00:33:06,840 --> 00:33:09,840 Speaker 1: for this FED. I think it's a big problem. I 604 00:33:09,960 --> 00:33:13,520 Speaker 1: think he's um put himself into a box. I think 605 00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:17,120 Speaker 1: Powell's legacy seems to be moving in the wrong direction. 606 00:33:17,800 --> 00:33:19,680 Speaker 1: In the months ahead, I expect him to walk back 607 00:33:19,760 --> 00:33:22,840 Speaker 1: all the views of easing money and wanting high inflationer 608 00:33:22,920 --> 00:33:26,400 Speaker 1: that he's so confidently espoused. And again, I think if 609 00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:28,760 Speaker 1: you look at twos and thirties, there's clear message from 610 00:33:28,800 --> 00:33:31,000 Speaker 1: the bond market. If you look at the five year 611 00:33:31,040 --> 00:33:33,920 Speaker 1: break evans, which hit the highest level since two thousands five, 612 00:33:34,680 --> 00:33:37,680 Speaker 1: the Fed is making a policy mist mistake. Already there 613 00:33:37,720 --> 00:33:41,479 Speaker 1: have been over twenty rate hikes globally in Russia, Brazil, UK, 614 00:33:41,680 --> 00:33:46,280 Speaker 1: New Zealand, Australia, Accounta, Mexico. Nothing from the Fed. UM 615 00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:50,239 Speaker 1: So this is this is a danger dangerous precedent at 616 00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:53,000 Speaker 1: a time in which I believe the rate of growth 617 00:33:53,040 --> 00:33:57,000 Speaker 1: in economic activity is going to be the out of this. 618 00:33:57,080 --> 00:33:59,560 Speaker 1: But this is a really important conversation. It's well known 619 00:33:59,640 --> 00:34:02,840 Speaker 1: that has Cast gets the Robin Hood trade right, he 620 00:34:02,960 --> 00:34:05,480 Speaker 1: will click in to be one of the seven billionaires 621 00:34:06,160 --> 00:34:09,520 Speaker 1: in America. Doug, you live down in one of the 622 00:34:09,640 --> 00:34:12,800 Speaker 1: fanciest parts of the planet. I mean, you know, I 623 00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:15,680 Speaker 1: think you've got the littlest house within six miles, and 624 00:34:15,760 --> 00:34:21,279 Speaker 1: you've got like square feet the shadow of the former presidents. Yeah, 625 00:34:21,320 --> 00:34:24,440 Speaker 1: I mean, I mean literally, you live where we're talking 626 00:34:24,520 --> 00:34:29,280 Speaker 1: about this billionaire's tax you and I know these guys 627 00:34:29,440 --> 00:34:36,960 Speaker 1: are writing, as a generalization, big checks to hospitals, two schools, this, that, 628 00:34:37,280 --> 00:34:39,160 Speaker 1: and the I wish they'd write me a check. But 629 00:34:39,600 --> 00:34:43,360 Speaker 1: the bottom line is, Doug, what's your gut feeling the 630 00:34:43,520 --> 00:34:47,040 Speaker 1: people you hang out with every day? We'll do if 631 00:34:47,080 --> 00:34:52,160 Speaker 1: they're told they're gonna have confiscation of gains not taken, 632 00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:57,160 Speaker 1: how's that going to play out? Well? UM, let's first 633 00:34:57,200 --> 00:34:59,399 Speaker 1: start of the fact, let's look at the Elon Musk. 634 00:34:59,480 --> 00:35:02,040 Speaker 1: I'm gonna ans you a question directly, but let me 635 00:35:02,200 --> 00:35:06,920 Speaker 1: first mentioned that. Um, the speculation in Tesla is an 636 00:35:06,960 --> 00:35:11,480 Speaker 1: example of the problem in this market. Um. To paraphrase 637 00:35:11,560 --> 00:35:15,799 Speaker 1: Hyman Roth what he said in the Godfather movie Leon, 638 00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:19,280 Speaker 1: excuse me, Elon Muskt is far bigger than us steel. 639 00:35:19,719 --> 00:35:22,400 Speaker 1: His net work now exceeds that of Exxon Mobile, and 640 00:35:22,520 --> 00:35:24,239 Speaker 1: as wealth is two and a half times that of 641 00:35:24,320 --> 00:35:28,520 Speaker 1: Jeff Bezos my favorite stock, Amazon, And if Bill Gates 642 00:35:28,600 --> 00:35:31,880 Speaker 1: and Mark Zuckerberg were married, their combined assets will be 643 00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:33,960 Speaker 1: less than Musk's. And now I'm gonna give you an 644 00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:37,279 Speaker 1: amazing stat Muskets made more money in the last nine 645 00:35:37,360 --> 00:35:41,200 Speaker 1: months than Warren Buffett has made in ninety one years. UM. 646 00:35:41,400 --> 00:35:44,120 Speaker 1: I shared now directly in response to your question, I 647 00:35:44,200 --> 00:35:46,880 Speaker 1: shared an anecdote. I hope Lee Cooperman doesn't get piste 648 00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:49,600 Speaker 1: off at me that I mentioned it. UM. I spent 649 00:35:49,640 --> 00:35:51,960 Speaker 1: two and a half hours with Lee um in a 650 00:35:52,080 --> 00:35:55,160 Speaker 1: research meeting of a company that we're both interested, who 651 00:35:55,239 --> 00:35:58,800 Speaker 1: flew in overseas to see us yesterday. Lee lives in 652 00:35:58,880 --> 00:36:03,160 Speaker 1: a very um tony community filled with Rose Royce's Ferraris 653 00:36:03,200 --> 00:36:06,960 Speaker 1: and Bentley's. We move, We go out to get our cars. 654 00:36:07,040 --> 00:36:10,160 Speaker 1: The parking intendant brings Lee's car. It's a six year 655 00:36:10,200 --> 00:36:13,400 Speaker 1: old Nissan. Lee as a person that has just given 656 00:36:13,560 --> 00:36:16,960 Speaker 1: one hundred million dollars to St. Barnabas Hospital in New Jersey, 657 00:36:18,080 --> 00:36:22,280 Speaker 1: Lee justifiably would rather give the money to the charities 658 00:36:22,800 --> 00:36:26,240 Speaker 1: and to the endeavors that he wants visa vi the government, 659 00:36:26,280 --> 00:36:31,279 Speaker 1: which tends to spend uh. The money's poorly. So I'm 660 00:36:31,320 --> 00:36:37,480 Speaker 1: a progressive. I'm a progressive Democrat, but I lean away 661 00:36:37,560 --> 00:36:41,319 Speaker 1: from Elizabeth lawrence suggestion of a wealth taped. We're out 662 00:36:41,360 --> 00:36:43,120 Speaker 1: of time. We could go on on this and of 663 00:36:43,200 --> 00:36:46,160 Speaker 1: course market I want to thank you particularly for your 664 00:36:46,239 --> 00:36:49,520 Speaker 1: comment on the bull Thomas Lee within the dougcast report 665 00:36:49,800 --> 00:36:52,840 Speaker 1: this morning, Let's see Bres partners. This is the Bloomberg 666 00:36:52,920 --> 00:36:57,279 Speaker 1: Surveillance Podcast. Thanks for listening. Join us live weekdays from 667 00:36:57,360 --> 00:37:00,200 Speaker 1: seven to ten a m. Eastern. I'm Bloomberg Ray DEO. 668 00:37:00,440 --> 00:37:04,040 Speaker 1: And on Bloomberg Television each day from six to nine 669 00:37:04,120 --> 00:37:08,520 Speaker 1: am for insight from the best in economics, finance, investment, 670 00:37:08,680 --> 00:37:13,640 Speaker 1: and international relations. And subscribe to the Surveillance podcast on 671 00:37:13,800 --> 00:37:17,600 Speaker 1: Apple podcast, SoundCloud, Bloomberg dot com, and of course on 672 00:37:17,719 --> 00:37:21,840 Speaker 1: the terminal. I'm Tom Keene and this is Bloomberg