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Speaker 1: Hey, welcome to the short Stuff. I'm Josh, there's Chuck

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Speaker 1: and Jerry's here for Dave. So this is an official

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Speaker 1: short stuff boom. I just stamped it with the official seal.

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Speaker 2: That's right, big thanks to thought Co, Gizmoto, slate signs,

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Speaker 2: American University of Michigan, Go Wolverines, University of Houston, Houston,

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Speaker 2: University of Houston, Go Cowgers.

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Speaker 1: Is it? Are they the cougars?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I'm pretty sure.

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Speaker 1: Huh. Are there a lot of cougars roaming around Houston?

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Speaker 2: You kidding me? They love they love those young guys.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, good to those kind of cougars. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

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Speaker 1: Those are places where I found some pretty good resources

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Speaker 1: on the history of the paper clip, which when I

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Speaker 1: started on this I expected to be pretty straightforward. It

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Speaker 1: is not at all. I was thrilled and delighted to

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Speaker 1: find that the history of the paper clip is pretty convoluted.

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Speaker 1: There's a lot of bad information out there. We're going

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Speaker 1: to shuffle it all into place into a coherent, fact based,

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Speaker 1: conceptually amazing short stuff.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I thought this is a really good one. This

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Speaker 2: is classic short stuff stuff. So before the paper clip,

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Speaker 2: and hey, I love a paper clip, but there ain't

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Speaker 2: nothing classier than making a slit in the top right

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Speaker 2: corner of a page and running some ribbon through there

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Speaker 2: to keep some paper together.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. The choices between ribbon are limitless.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and it just it looks so good.

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Speaker 1: For sure, And that's why people did that for centuries

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Speaker 1: and centuries and centuries. I don't remember exactly when that started,

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Speaker 1: but it was probably early medieval if I remember correctly.

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Speaker 1: And it wasn't until the late nineteenth century that paper

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Speaker 1: clips started to come along, and they weren't something that

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Speaker 1: was invented quite out of the gate, but not too

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Speaker 1: long after people started tinkering with this, did we arrive

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Speaker 1: at the paper clip as we understand it today.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, And it was one of those weird things that

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Speaker 2: a few different people just you know, not working together,

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Speaker 2: created a very similar thing at the same time or

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Speaker 2: around the same time. And the reason this happened seems

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Speaker 2: to be because making like needles and metal wire became

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Speaker 2: you know, they had the machinery to do this kind

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Speaker 2: of thing at this time, and people are like, hey,

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Speaker 2: what all can we do with little needles and little

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Speaker 2: pieces of wire besides using them for sewing?

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Speaker 1: Yeah, we're poking your eye up, Yeah, exactly. So. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So apparently several men around the world in the last

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Speaker 1: couple decades of the nineteenth century saw a really good

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Speaker 1: use for mass produced wire was paper clips, or a

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Speaker 1: way to bind paper, I think is a better way

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Speaker 1: to put it. Some people really didn't. They just kind

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Speaker 1: of phoned it in. They're like, here, just chop it

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Speaker 1: off and jam this through the paper. And most people said,

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Speaker 1: we prefer the ribbon technique over that.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 1: But the guy who who really came the closest out

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Speaker 1: of the gate to inventing what we understand as the

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Speaker 1: paper clip, it's called the Jim paper clip. It was

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Speaker 1: a Norwegian man named Johann Vohler. I've also seen it

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Speaker 1: spelled v l e R so voler yeh.

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Speaker 2: Sure, and that's Jim capital g E M. And we'll

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Speaker 2: get to the naming of that in a second. But yeah,

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Speaker 2: he made a paper clip that didn't have the second

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Speaker 2: smaller oval inside the larger oval. It was just the

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Speaker 2: one larger outer oval. But he's credited. I mean, I

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Speaker 2: think there was a German newspaper in the nineteen twenties

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Speaker 2: that kind of misreported like him being the sole inventor

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Speaker 2: of the paper clip, and everyone now looks at him

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Speaker 2: as the inventor.

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Speaker 1: Of the paper clip, like around the world.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, for sure, he couldn't get a patent in Norway,

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Speaker 2: so we got them in Germany and the United States,

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Speaker 2: And this was in eighteen ninety nine and nineteen oh one.

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Speaker 2: But everybody around the world calls him the inventor, even

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Speaker 2: though there were at least a couple of people a

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Speaker 2: couple of few decades before that invented a paper clip.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, both Americans. One guy was Samuel B. Fay. He

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Speaker 1: seems to be the first one to've invented a bent

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Speaker 1: wire paper clip, or at least he was the first

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Speaker 1: to patent it back in eighteen sixty seven. Okay, there's

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Speaker 1: a guy named Earlman J. Wright. In eighteen seventy seven,

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Speaker 1: he got a patent for an improvement on Fay's bent

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Speaker 1: wire paper clip and Samuel Fay's paper clip. You know

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Speaker 1: those awareness lapel pins that people wear for all sorts

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Speaker 1: of different stuff. Yeah, that's what his paper clip looked like.

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Speaker 1: And I think they're still kind of around today. So

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Speaker 1: you would call that a Fay paper clip, I would

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Speaker 1: or Sam B.

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Speaker 2: Hey, tust me a Sam bn, I need to get

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Speaker 2: these papers clips exactly.

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Speaker 1: I want to poke my eye out.

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Speaker 2: So have you what does the deal with that? Have

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Speaker 2: you ever poked your eye out with a paper clip?

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Speaker 1: Anytime I think of So, there's a couple of things.

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Speaker 1: Anytime I think of like a just a sharp, pointy something, okay,

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Speaker 1: cry out okay. And then anytime I see like a

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Speaker 1: hearth made of stone or brick, I always imagine some

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Speaker 1: poor kid just stumbling and cracking their head open on

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Speaker 1: that car. Also anything with a really sharp corner too,

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Speaker 1: I don't like that at all.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, but you don't have like a compulsion like if

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Speaker 2: you have a pointy thing, you're not like, don't do it.

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Speaker 1: Josh, No, no, I don't. I don't feel the call

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Speaker 1: of the void forshing my head into the edge of

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Speaker 1: a coffee table.

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Speaker 2: It's opposite. You're cautious.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. Have you ever seen those those bumper pads that

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Speaker 1: people put on the corner of coffee tables when they

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Speaker 1: have kids.

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Speaker 2: I had a kid, so yeah, we had plenty of those.

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Speaker 1: Okay, that's the reason why, because it's possible. It's not

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Speaker 1: just me being crazy, like that's possible.

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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, yeah, yeah, I don't think that's an unusual fear.

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Speaker 1: All right, Well that's where my paper clip thing comes from.

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Speaker 2: Okay, gotcha. So back to the gym paper clip Capital

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Speaker 2: J I'm sorry, I just did it. Capital Gem. It's

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Speaker 2: named that because they were made on the behalf of

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Speaker 2: the gym manufacturing company that was in the UK, and

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Speaker 2: this was an eighteen ninety nine and a Connecticut man

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Speaker 2: named William Middlebrook came up with this was it? With

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Speaker 2: the design or the machine?

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Speaker 1: The machine to make them?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, because the long and short of it is, no

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Speaker 2: one like Middlebrook didn't and the gym company didn't pat

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Speaker 2: in the actual paper clip. They patented the machine that

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Speaker 2: made him. So anybody that's making a GEM style paper

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Speaker 2: clip from that point on could just do it if

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Speaker 2: they had the resources.

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Speaker 1: Right, which is one reason why when we think of

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Speaker 1: paper clips today, we think of Gem paper clips because

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Speaker 1: they are worldwide, they're made everywhere. You don't have to

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Speaker 1: pay any royalties. You never had to pay any royalties

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Speaker 1: with them. So the paper clip, we think of the

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Speaker 1: two ovals, one inside of the other. That's the GEM

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Speaker 1: paper clip. And I'm glad you keep spelling it out

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Speaker 1: because I'm sure people would be confused and think that

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Speaker 1: you were talking about the truly, truly, truly outrageous rocker

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Speaker 1: girl Jim her paper clip. I think people would be

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Speaker 1: very misled had you not set them straight.

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Speaker 2: Oh gooy, Since you mentioned that, I think we need

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Speaker 2: to shout out Britta Phillips.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, how so what?

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Speaker 2: I'm pretty sure that Britta Phillips, who is the bass

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Speaker 2: player of one of my favorite all time bands, Luna,

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Speaker 2: and married to Dean Wareham and Dean's brother Anthony, is

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Speaker 2: a listener to the show. Wow, this came full circle. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: so shout out to Anthony and Dean and Britta. Because

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Speaker 2: Britta played Oh no, it wasn't g It was.

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Speaker 1: J E M. Yeah.

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Speaker 2: The cartoon Jim and the Holograms.

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Speaker 1: Who did she play? She played Jim.

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Speaker 2: She played Jim.

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Speaker 1: She voiced Jim oh oh on the actual cartoon. Yes,

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Speaker 1: that was a good cartoon. I actually watched that when

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Speaker 1: I was a kid.

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Speaker 2: I really struggle with that. But anyway, shout out to Dean,

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Speaker 2: Britta and Anthony.

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Speaker 1: Nice. I think we should take a break, man, we

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Speaker 1: haven't yet.

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Speaker 2: No, let's do it.

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Speaker 1: Okay, here we go.

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Speaker 2: All right, So back to the gym paper clip you know,

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Speaker 2: the sort of regular size one, not the tiny one

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Speaker 2: and not the giant ones, is about an inch can

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Speaker 2: hold supposedly about twenty sheets of regular paper, pretty well,

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Speaker 2: about twenty billion or made every year, and Americans apparently

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Speaker 2: use eleven billion of those. And you pointed out very

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Speaker 2: astutely that paper clips are used obviously to bind paper,

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Speaker 2: but those things can be undone and used most often

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Speaker 2: to poke the little reset buttons in a lot of

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Speaker 2: technology hardware. Back in the day, if you wanted to

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Speaker 2: open your CD ROM tray if it was stuck, you

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Speaker 2: would use that. In elementary sco cool. I don't know

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Speaker 2: if you did this, but you could unfold it and

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Speaker 2: make it into something that when you drop it pops

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Speaker 2: up in the air.

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Speaker 1: Oh I was never able to do that, but yeah.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, you would bend it in such a way that

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Speaker 2: it's like a bear trap or something. You know, it's like,

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Speaker 2: I mean, I know there's a word for this, but

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Speaker 2: and we would have contests to see who could make

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Speaker 2: their pop the highest.

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Speaker 1: Nice. You could also shoot them pretty far with a

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Speaker 1: rubber band and particularly take someone's eye out.

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Speaker 2: That's, oh man, your biggest fear.

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Speaker 1: Right, So one of the things about the gem paper

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Speaker 1: clip is it's been around for one hundred and twenty

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Speaker 1: five years. At least, it's been virtually the same for

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Speaker 1: one hundred and twenty five years. So there's probably a

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Speaker 1: lot of people walking around thinking like, well, it's a

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Speaker 1: perfect thing. It is a perfect design, can't be improved on,

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Speaker 1: and that is just so wrong. Shouldn't even say that

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Speaker 1: out loud?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, if you've ever had a tangle boot

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Speaker 2: box of paper clips, you know the frustration that comes

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Speaker 2: with that. If you've ever you know, had one out

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Speaker 2: in moisture, you know that they can rust and rust

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Speaker 2: that paper usually not a big deal, but if it's

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Speaker 2: an important paper, you don't want rust on that thing.

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Speaker 1: No what else? We also chuck the cut end of

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Speaker 1: the wire can poke through the paper. It can poke

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Speaker 1: your eye. It can poke. Is the big problem with

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Speaker 1: that one. Yeah, very poky. And then also like eventually,

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Speaker 1: if you stuck too many sheets of paper in there

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Speaker 1: and they stretch out too wide, or you make a

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Speaker 1: bear trap out of one, it's not going to hold

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Speaker 1: any papers from that point on.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and all of this has culminated, and this is

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Speaker 2: very funny to me that companies that make these, they

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Speaker 2: say they get like, you know, up to ten letters

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Speaker 2: a week still where people are like, you know how

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Speaker 2: you could fix these things?

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Speaker 1: Right? I'm sure. I mean imagine being a person who's like,

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Speaker 1: I got it. I just figured out how to keep

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Speaker 1: people from poking themselves in the eye with a gem

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Speaker 1: paper clip. Of course, you're going to write a letter,

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Speaker 1: and then you'd probably be pretty sad to get the

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Speaker 1: letter back saying like that's a great idea, but what

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Speaker 1: about this problem and that problem that you've just created

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Speaker 1: with your stupid design. That was the standard letter that

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Speaker 1: you would get back from Jim paper Clip company.

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Speaker 2: I love it. Shout out a couple of other kinds

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Speaker 2: of paper clips that for me, I don't want to

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Speaker 2: yuck someone' jump, but if you hand me these, I'm

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Speaker 2: just going to throw this paper back in your face.

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Speaker 2: Oh wow, if you have the nerve to walk up

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Speaker 2: with one of those spiral paper clips in the corner,

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Speaker 2: the round ones, uh huh no, thank you, okay, or

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Speaker 2: I don't know if this is the official name, but

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Speaker 2: I saw them called regal paper clips. They're the ones

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Speaker 2: that are they're rectangles and then dangling down in the center,

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Speaker 2: which is the binder is it looks like a couple

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Speaker 2: of pool cube balls on a string. Okay, that's the

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Speaker 2: non crude way to describe it. Oh, I see, you

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Speaker 2: know what I'm talking about. But I'll text you a

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Speaker 2: picture of the regal paper clip and you'd be like, oh, yeah, those.

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Speaker 1: Things oh weird. Yeah, well, there are some that are

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Speaker 1: improved versions, right, they just haven't caught on, Like the

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Speaker 1: gem clip. There's one called the gothic clip, and it

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Speaker 1: inverts its angles inward so that when you slide it

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Speaker 1: onto the paper, there's no way to poke through the paper.

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Speaker 1: And it's so good that typically it's used by archivists.

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Speaker 1: If you're going to bind paper together and you're an archivist,

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Speaker 1: you're probably going to use a gothic clip, although I

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Speaker 1: would think also in that industry you do not want

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Speaker 1: to use a paper clip at all.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, you want to tie classy ribbon through that thing.

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Speaker 1: They'd be like, you just carved a hole in the

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Speaker 1: Declaration of Independence.

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Speaker 2: I looked up gothic clip, and I mean, you type

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Speaker 2: those two words together, you're gonna end up with a

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Speaker 2: lot of weird results on the images because of goths

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Speaker 2: and stuff like. There were a lot of gothic hair

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Speaker 2: clips and things like that. But was it the one

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Speaker 2: that kind of is shaped like a coffin or with

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Speaker 2: those just.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, okay, no, it has like inverted angles, yes, yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: the gothic clip. I don't know. Maybe that's why they

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Speaker 1: call it that, I mean, I assume. So well, let's

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Speaker 1: talk a little bit more about Johann Vuhler in Norway,

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Speaker 1: because we should say, if you're a Norwegian listener, you're

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Speaker 1: probably kind of mad at us right now for saying

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Speaker 1: that he didn't invent the paper clip. It seems to

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Speaker 1: be true. We're very sorry for saying that. But the

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Speaker 1: reason that our Norwegian listeners are mad everybody is that

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Speaker 1: he is a national hero in Norway for inventing the

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Speaker 1: paper clip.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, didn't know paper clips were such a big deal there,

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Speaker 2: but apparently, and this is super kind of fun fact,

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Speaker 2: during the Nazi occupation there in World War Two, Norwegian

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Speaker 2: citizens wore paper clips as sort of a sign of

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Speaker 2: unity and resistance.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, one of the few fun facts that involved Nazis.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, agreed.

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Speaker 1: There's also a twenty three foot statue seven meters for

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Speaker 1: our friends outside of the US and Liberia of a

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Speaker 1: paper clip in honor of Alor. It's at the BI

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Speaker 1: Business School in Oslo. The thing is, it's not a

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Speaker 1: Volor paper clip. It's a gem clip with a squared

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Speaker 1: off bottom.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, which is very strange. And that was the same

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Speaker 2: one they used on the postage stamp that they commemorated

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Speaker 2: for him in Norway in nineteen ninety nine.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, so I guess everybody just kind of dusted the

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Speaker 1: original version under their rug and they're like, it's a

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Speaker 1: Voler clip.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. Well, thanks a lot everybody for joining us. We

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Speaker 1: don't have anything more to say about paper clips, which

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Speaker 1: means that short stuff is.

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Speaker 2: At Stuff you should Know is a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 2: For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app,

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Speaker 2: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.