WEBVTT - On the horizon: Using drones in agriculture with Adam Mitchell 0:00:00.350 --> 0:00:04.610 BCG acknowledges the traditional custodians of country throughout Australia and 0:00:04.610 --> 0:00:07.970 their connections to land, sea and community. We pay our 0:00:07.970 --> 0:00:10.670 respects to their elders, past and present. 0:00:14.060 --> 0:00:16.370 So it's essentially a drone in a box and it 0:00:16.370 --> 0:00:19.610 is automated, but it's only just been released, so it 0:00:19.610 --> 0:00:22.729 will basically open up at a predetermined time, do its 0:00:22.730 --> 0:00:25.130 map and come back and park up and close up 0:00:25.130 --> 0:00:27.260 for the night. And people are sending them out every 0:00:27.290 --> 0:00:30.350 day to collect data. It's in a weatherproof station that 0:00:30.350 --> 0:00:32.750 sits outside a shed. As long as it's got internet 0:00:32.750 --> 0:00:36.290 and power, you can then plan flights at any time 0:00:36.290 --> 0:00:38.510 of the day so it will open up. It's got 0:00:38.510 --> 0:00:41.059 its own little weather station inbuilt, so if it is 0:00:41.060 --> 0:00:43.729 too windy it won't take off. So there are some 0:00:43.729 --> 0:00:45.410 safety measures in place as well. 0:00:49.220 --> 0:00:52.610 Hello and welcome back to Shared Solutions by BCG. I'm 0:00:52.610 --> 0:00:55.580 Janine Batters and in the last episode of our series 0:00:55.580 --> 0:00:59.090 on the Horizon Farm Tech sponsored by GE silos, we're 0:00:59.090 --> 0:01:01.960 speaking with Adam Mitchell from Drone Land, and he's going 0:01:01.990 --> 0:01:04.240 to be talking to us about how drones are being 0:01:04.240 --> 0:01:06.010 used in agriculture. Welcome, Adam. 0:01:06.040 --> 0:01:07.840 Afternoon, Janine. Thanks for having me. 0:01:07.870 --> 0:01:11.259 So very excited to have you on the show today, Adam, 0:01:11.260 --> 0:01:15.130 because drones are getting pretty big in agriculture. So looking 0:01:15.130 --> 0:01:18.220 forward to having this conversation with you, Adam. Just for 0:01:18.220 --> 0:01:20.080 a start, can you give our listeners a bit of 0:01:20.080 --> 0:01:22.930 a background on who you are and why you're so 0:01:22.930 --> 0:01:24.369 passionate about drones? 0:01:24.400 --> 0:01:28.030 Sure thing. So our business is Drone Land Australia, so 0:01:28.030 --> 0:01:32.350 we are end to end solution providers for training, sales 0:01:32.350 --> 0:01:35.560 and basically anything to do with drones. So that's that's 0:01:35.560 --> 0:01:39.370 our business model. Um, we got into business. Our family 0:01:39.370 --> 0:01:42.220 owns cattle farms and have been involved in cattle farming 0:01:42.220 --> 0:01:44.530 for a little while. We've got a family property up 0:01:44.530 --> 0:01:47.229 in Gympie in Queensland, and where it really came about 0:01:47.230 --> 0:01:49.900 was pretty organic by nature. There was a neighbor up 0:01:49.900 --> 0:01:52.060 there a couple of years ago that was using a 0:01:52.060 --> 0:01:55.120 drone to create more fertility amongst his land that he 0:01:55.120 --> 0:01:58.330 couldn't access by foot or by vehicle. And it was 0:01:58.330 --> 0:02:00.950 the first time I'd really been exposed to drones in agriculture. 0:02:00.950 --> 0:02:04.040 And it really fascinated myself and my two business partners, 0:02:04.040 --> 0:02:06.350 who are also my brother in law. So from there, 0:02:06.350 --> 0:02:09.410 we began a real six month period of flat out 0:02:09.410 --> 0:02:11.900 research on how they were used and some of the 0:02:11.900 --> 0:02:14.809 synergies and impacts it could have. And like you said, 0:02:14.810 --> 0:02:17.420 even from your research, it just opened up our eyes 0:02:17.419 --> 0:02:20.000 as to the possibilities that we could achieve together. And 0:02:20.000 --> 0:02:22.790 we also like that it was Australian. We could impact 0:02:22.790 --> 0:02:25.010 the very things in our own backyard, and it was 0:02:25.010 --> 0:02:27.860 technology that was designed for a really good purpose, not 0:02:27.860 --> 0:02:30.200 just changing things for the sake of changing. There's real 0:02:30.200 --> 0:02:33.650 value in what drone technology can add in agriculture. So 0:02:33.770 --> 0:02:35.600 that was sort of how it came about. And we 0:02:35.600 --> 0:02:37.610 decided to launch into business together. 0:02:37.610 --> 0:02:40.160 So just for a start, for our listeners, can you 0:02:40.160 --> 0:02:44.060 tell me more about what type of drones they are 0:02:44.090 --> 0:02:47.060 there are available on the market? What do they do 0:02:47.060 --> 0:02:48.470 and how much do they cost? 0:02:48.500 --> 0:02:51.110 Okay, so the simplest way to probably explain it is 0:02:51.139 --> 0:02:53.870 that there's a variety of different models and makes. At 0:02:53.870 --> 0:02:57.730 drone land, we sell specifically DJI products. We just find 0:02:57.730 --> 0:03:02.110 their workflows are seamless and very user intuitive. So from 0:03:02.110 --> 0:03:04.840 a first time user all the way to a seasoned professional, 0:03:04.840 --> 0:03:07.480 they've just got a really diverse and comprehensive range of 0:03:07.480 --> 0:03:09.850 products that are very easy to use. We tend to 0:03:09.850 --> 0:03:12.519 split them up into two categories. You've got your smaller 0:03:12.550 --> 0:03:15.790 sort of mapping drones and then your larger spraying, spreading, 0:03:15.820 --> 0:03:19.480 applying drones, particularly in agriculture. So with the enterprise series, 0:03:19.480 --> 0:03:22.180 which is your smaller mapping drones, it's a drone that's 0:03:22.180 --> 0:03:24.010 probably the size of the palm of your hand, maybe 0:03:24.010 --> 0:03:26.320 a little bit bigger. And they're equipped with different sensors 0:03:26.320 --> 0:03:29.500 and payloads. Some might have thermal capabilities so you can 0:03:29.500 --> 0:03:32.590 see animals at night. Some have lidar, which is good 0:03:32.590 --> 0:03:35.710 for surveying and topography. They're all equipped with pretty high 0:03:35.710 --> 0:03:39.490 end cameras. So any form of photography very good. And 0:03:39.490 --> 0:03:42.670 then obviously 3D models and rendering and also variable rate 0:03:42.670 --> 0:03:44.650 applications for those farmers that want to be a bit 0:03:44.650 --> 0:03:47.590 more specific with what they spray and where they spray it. 0:03:47.590 --> 0:03:50.290 That's where that workflow comes into the application of the 0:03:50.290 --> 0:03:53.320 spraying and spreading drones. So the agri series, which is 0:03:53.320 --> 0:03:56.320 the DJI Agras T50, which is the hallmark drone at 0:03:56.320 --> 0:03:59.460 the moment, it's a 50 litre drone. It can spray 0:03:59.460 --> 0:04:03.059 and spread and map, so quite a large piece of equipment, 0:04:03.060 --> 0:04:06.150 but very versatile in its offering. So the enterprise drones, 0:04:06.150 --> 0:04:08.970 depending on the payload, they vary from anywhere from around 0:04:09.000 --> 0:04:12.930 sort of the $5,000 mark to the $15,000 mark, depending 0:04:12.930 --> 0:04:15.390 on what application you're after. And then the agro series. 0:04:15.390 --> 0:04:18.690 Drones start at around 25,000 and can go up to 0:04:18.720 --> 0:04:21.570 60 to 70,000, depending on the package that you want 0:04:21.570 --> 0:04:23.940 to build around them. But that's a ballpark of where 0:04:23.940 --> 0:04:24.479 they sit. 0:04:24.480 --> 0:04:27.450 So the little ones, they're about the size of your 0:04:27.450 --> 0:04:29.910 palm of your hand. That's quite small. So what kind 0:04:29.940 --> 0:04:31.349 of things are they mapping Adam? 0:04:31.380 --> 0:04:34.800 Typically, our most popular form of mapping at the moment 0:04:34.800 --> 0:04:38.130 is boundary mapping. So customers may want to go and 0:04:38.130 --> 0:04:41.100 fly their farm and create paddock boundaries that can then 0:04:41.130 --> 0:04:43.980 be uploaded into the larger spreading drone. So they'll go 0:04:43.980 --> 0:04:46.140 and do a very quick map. They might map half 0:04:46.170 --> 0:04:48.510 a dozen paddocks, they'll create a boundary file or a 0:04:48.510 --> 0:04:52.380 shapefile that will then be super accurate sort of centimeter accuracy, 0:04:52.380 --> 0:04:54.570 and then upload it into the larger spraying drone. That's 0:04:54.570 --> 0:04:56.620 a plug and play scenario where they just swipe to 0:04:56.650 --> 0:04:58.600 execute the mission, and the drone will go off and 0:04:58.600 --> 0:05:01.240 start spraying at a predetermined rate. One of the other 0:05:01.240 --> 0:05:04.240 benefits that the smaller ones can offer is the variable 0:05:04.240 --> 0:05:08.020 rate application. For example, a multi-spectral drone, which will have 0:05:08.020 --> 0:05:11.200 different sensors on the top, will be able to determine 0:05:11.200 --> 0:05:13.930 variations in crop health. Or there might be an area 0:05:13.930 --> 0:05:17.320 of deficiency that needs further attention. So you can then 0:05:17.320 --> 0:05:20.380 create a map that's specific to your paddock. So there 0:05:20.380 --> 0:05:22.510 may be an area where 50% of the yield is 0:05:22.510 --> 0:05:24.340 really high. And you think, I don't need a blanket 0:05:24.339 --> 0:05:26.890 approach and blanket spray this entire paddock. I only need 0:05:26.890 --> 0:05:29.859 to focus my efforts on the 20% or the 25% 0:05:29.860 --> 0:05:32.170 that really requires it, and we might just back that 0:05:32.170 --> 0:05:33.940 off on the other. So at the end of the day, 0:05:33.940 --> 0:05:36.340 it's about saving a lot of chemical and just being 0:05:36.339 --> 0:05:38.320 a bit more targeted in your approach. 0:05:38.320 --> 0:05:41.620 So are you talking ndVi maps, Adam, or are you 0:05:41.650 --> 0:05:44.980 talking ndVi and other maps to determine how you're going 0:05:45.010 --> 0:05:46.839 to treat those different areas in the paddock? 0:05:46.870 --> 0:05:49.570 It can be a combination of both, really. A boundary 0:05:49.600 --> 0:05:52.420 map essentially is just mapping the perimeter of the boundary 0:05:52.420 --> 0:05:55.380 to create a geo zone for the larger drone to 0:05:55.410 --> 0:05:59.940 stay within its limits. Variable rate application can use ndVi data, 0:05:59.940 --> 0:06:01.950 which can be captured on the smaller drone as well. 0:06:01.950 --> 0:06:04.050 And that's the benefit. So one drone can do all 0:06:04.080 --> 0:06:06.150 of these things that we're talking about. And then it's 0:06:06.150 --> 0:06:09.210 just essentially plugged in and uploaded into the larger drone 0:06:09.210 --> 0:06:12.300 to go out and apply whether it's spray or spread. 0:06:12.630 --> 0:06:14.640 If I was to say, yep, I want to map 0:06:14.640 --> 0:06:18.480 my whole farm. Adam, how long can these drones go 0:06:18.480 --> 0:06:22.260 before they need to go back and charge? Do they charge? 0:06:22.290 --> 0:06:26.099 They do. So they're all battery. And the smaller drones. 0:06:26.100 --> 0:06:29.970 The enterprise series can fly around 45 minutes and they 0:06:29.970 --> 0:06:32.520 cover quite a bit of area, particularly if you're at 0:06:32.520 --> 0:06:36.000 an elevation of around 100 or 120m, quite an area 0:06:36.000 --> 0:06:37.620 it can cover in a short amount of time. 0:06:37.650 --> 0:06:40.020 They go 45 minutes and then they come back to 0:06:40.050 --> 0:06:42.570 their docking station. Do I have to be there? 0:06:42.900 --> 0:06:44.549 You don't have to be. Depending on the type of 0:06:44.550 --> 0:06:46.800 drone you got, there's new ones coming out all the time. 0:06:46.800 --> 0:06:49.890 But essentially, yeah, the pilot would send it up, they 0:06:49.890 --> 0:06:52.530 would stay there because you're supposed to maintain line of sight, 0:06:52.529 --> 0:06:54.910 and they would stay there for the duration of the flight. 0:06:54.940 --> 0:06:58.390 I see. So these aren't autonomous drones. They're being flown. 0:06:58.420 --> 0:07:01.000 Particular ones we're talking about are, but there are products 0:07:01.000 --> 0:07:03.670 that have just been brought out that are docking stations 0:07:03.670 --> 0:07:05.710 that are automated flight. But we'll get into that a 0:07:05.710 --> 0:07:06.400 bit later. 0:07:06.430 --> 0:07:08.380 Cool. That sounds good because I mean, if I don't 0:07:08.380 --> 0:07:10.960 have to be there, I'm happy. So they've got a 0:07:10.960 --> 0:07:14.140 50 litre tank, these big ones. Um, what kind of 0:07:14.140 --> 0:07:17.950 spraying are they doing? Are you using these to spray 0:07:17.950 --> 0:07:20.410 the paddock, or are you using these to sort of 0:07:20.440 --> 0:07:23.110 be more like, you know, going to go check paddocks 0:07:23.110 --> 0:07:24.910 and you're going to check that one for what I 0:07:24.910 --> 0:07:28.240 would like is for a drone to go, well, I've 0:07:28.240 --> 0:07:29.680 got to check these paddocks, I've got a bit of 0:07:29.680 --> 0:07:31.720 spraying to do. Can you check and see how many 0:07:31.750 --> 0:07:33.910 weeds there are? Can you check and see if any 0:07:33.910 --> 0:07:36.430 of the paddocks are, if they're a bit poor in 0:07:36.430 --> 0:07:37.990 some of the areas, whether they need a bit more 0:07:37.990 --> 0:07:40.870 nitrogen or something like that, can you check and see 0:07:40.870 --> 0:07:43.870 if there's any disease, and can you tell me is 0:07:43.870 --> 0:07:45.880 there any insects or something? And then can you report 0:07:45.880 --> 0:07:48.369 back to me? Because I'm pretty busy and this is 0:07:48.370 --> 0:07:51.010 what I'm paying you for. Drone. Can they do that? 0:07:51.430 --> 0:07:54.630 Essentially, yeah, there's a few different offerings at the moment, 0:07:54.630 --> 0:07:57.270 and it largely depends on the software that goes on 0:07:57.270 --> 0:08:00.270 the back end behind the scenes that you don't often see. 0:08:00.300 --> 0:08:03.000 And that's where we'd encourage everyone just to come in 0:08:03.000 --> 0:08:05.190 or pick up the phone and have a chat before 0:08:05.190 --> 0:08:06.870 you go in to make a purchase, just to make 0:08:06.900 --> 0:08:09.900 sure that you're across it. Because, yeah, as you know, 0:08:09.900 --> 0:08:12.900 the space is evolving so quickly and there are always 0:08:12.900 --> 0:08:15.600 different offerings on the market. So some of the softwares 0:08:15.600 --> 0:08:17.970 can be quite expensive too. So again, we just want 0:08:18.000 --> 0:08:20.280 to make sure that you're getting exactly what you've asked for. 0:08:20.280 --> 0:08:22.950 So if you wanted to go and pick a specific 0:08:22.950 --> 0:08:25.920 weed out, there are probably better software products than others, 0:08:25.920 --> 0:08:28.290 depending on the weed that you're trying to determine. 0:08:28.320 --> 0:08:33.180 Okay, so you could use algorithms to search out depending on, 0:08:33.210 --> 0:08:36.209 but that's a product that you would put on that drone. 0:08:36.360 --> 0:08:40.200 Correct. So there are some aftermarket products. So typically we 0:08:40.200 --> 0:08:42.150 would go and fly the paddock or the farmer might 0:08:42.150 --> 0:08:44.700 fly the paddock. And there are other options. So if 0:08:44.700 --> 0:08:47.280 you didn't want to necessarily spend the thousands of dollars 0:08:47.280 --> 0:08:49.560 for a software program to do that because it might 0:08:49.559 --> 0:08:51.949 be a once off, that's something you might just send 0:08:51.950 --> 0:08:53.630 to us and say, hey guys, can you analyze it 0:08:53.630 --> 0:08:56.300 for me? I don't have time. We can do that. 0:08:56.300 --> 0:08:58.760 If it is a regular occurrence, we'd probably suggest you 0:08:58.760 --> 0:09:01.430 start to look at it in-house just to save on costs. 0:09:01.429 --> 0:09:04.490 But there are programs that you can send online as well, 0:09:04.490 --> 0:09:06.770 so you can send them away for analysis. Go about 0:09:06.770 --> 0:09:08.540 your normal job and by the end of the day 0:09:08.570 --> 0:09:11.210 or early the next morning, the results should be there 0:09:11.210 --> 0:09:11.870 for you. 0:09:12.500 --> 0:09:15.350 That sounds good. So I could say, could I say 0:09:15.350 --> 0:09:18.230 check for all of those things? Is there an app 0:09:18.230 --> 0:09:21.980 or a plugin or software that would check for each 0:09:21.980 --> 0:09:23.839 of those things? And then. Because that's what I was thinking. 0:09:23.870 --> 0:09:27.110 It'd be really cool if not only do I not 0:09:27.110 --> 0:09:29.780 have to check the paddocks, I'd like them to be autonomous. 0:09:29.780 --> 0:09:32.870 And then they tell me all these things and but 0:09:32.870 --> 0:09:34.489 I don't want to have to go back and look 0:09:34.490 --> 0:09:36.349 at all these maps myself. They want I want something 0:09:36.350 --> 0:09:39.109 that's going to synthesize it for me and say, these 0:09:39.110 --> 0:09:41.809 are our recommendations. So can it do that? And within 0:09:41.809 --> 0:09:43.520 the day it could. 0:09:43.550 --> 0:09:45.890 Yes it could. And I suppose not to throw a 0:09:45.890 --> 0:09:48.440 spanner in the works, but probably something just to consider 0:09:48.440 --> 0:09:50.850 is also depending on what you're trying to analyze. So 0:09:50.850 --> 0:09:53.340 some people may want to perform a stand count for 0:09:53.340 --> 0:09:57.599 example on a really small germination. Obviously at 120m that's 0:09:57.600 --> 0:09:59.640 a long way up. So you just want to make 0:09:59.670 --> 0:10:02.670 sure that whatever height we're flying at can capture all 0:10:02.670 --> 0:10:05.699 the things that you're talking about. So it's not always 0:10:05.700 --> 0:10:08.429 a one size fits all. But generally speaking, there's a 0:10:08.429 --> 0:10:10.380 lot of data that can be captured and managed in 0:10:10.380 --> 0:10:11.160 one flight. 0:10:11.190 --> 0:10:13.920 Might take more than one pass. Is what you're saying? 0:10:13.950 --> 0:10:16.350 Not more than one pass, but you can fly a 0:10:16.350 --> 0:10:19.080 bit slower, a bit more high resolution. So the more 0:10:19.080 --> 0:10:21.720 we can zoom in and and capture imagery and the 0:10:21.720 --> 0:10:25.109 greater the GSD, which is ground sampling distance. So every 0:10:25.110 --> 0:10:27.780 pixel of a photo represents a distance on the ground. 0:10:27.780 --> 0:10:30.179 So the the lower and slower you fly the more 0:10:30.179 --> 0:10:31.410 high resolution you get. 0:10:31.410 --> 0:10:35.340 So if I had 150 hectare paddock Adam, how long 0:10:35.340 --> 0:10:39.330 would it take the drone operator to survey that paddock? 0:10:39.330 --> 0:10:40.860 For all the things that I mentioned. 0:10:40.890 --> 0:10:42.840 As a rule of thumb, I would say around an 0:10:42.840 --> 0:10:45.030 hour and a half to give you a rough time frame. 0:10:45.030 --> 0:10:47.400 The good thing about the drone is we can determine 0:10:47.400 --> 0:10:49.280 all of this before we even get to your place. 0:10:49.280 --> 0:10:52.370 Or the drone operator can, the farmer can. So you 0:10:52.370 --> 0:10:54.890 can actually plug this into your controller, sitting it in 0:10:54.890 --> 0:10:57.110 the comfort of your house and do a quick map 0:10:57.140 --> 0:10:59.060 and say, here's the area that I want to fly. 0:10:59.090 --> 0:11:00.949 It will come out with the amount of photos. The 0:11:00.950 --> 0:11:03.290 duration where you're going to take off from all the 0:11:03.290 --> 0:11:05.150 information is in the palm of your hand, so you'll 0:11:05.150 --> 0:11:08.090 know ahead of time, which is also good for quoting purposes, 0:11:08.090 --> 0:11:10.459 because you've got an accurate data set that you're going 0:11:10.490 --> 0:11:12.890 to use. You're not just having a guess, it'll tell 0:11:12.890 --> 0:11:13.940 you ahead of time. 0:11:13.970 --> 0:11:17.540 Okay, but you or I still have to fly the drone. Correct? Okay. 0:11:17.570 --> 0:11:20.540 So the 50 liter tank, is that going to do 0:11:20.570 --> 0:11:23.689 optical spraying for me? Because I don't feel like 50l 0:11:23.690 --> 0:11:25.850 is a big tank. How does that work? Does it 0:11:25.850 --> 0:11:27.679 keep going back and filling up. 0:11:27.710 --> 0:11:30.500 Yes it does. So it's actually I slipped up before. 0:11:30.500 --> 0:11:33.710 It is a 40 liter tank but a 50 kilo spreader. 0:11:33.710 --> 0:11:35.930 So the hopper comes out when you spread and then 0:11:35.929 --> 0:11:38.120 when you spray the tank goes back in. So the 0:11:38.120 --> 0:11:41.510 T 50 has four nozzles on it as opposed to 0:11:41.540 --> 0:11:44.360 the old model which only had two. So it increases 0:11:44.360 --> 0:11:47.120 the liter per minute. But one thing farmers are finding 0:11:47.120 --> 0:11:51.940 is the application rates can be severely and drastically reduced 0:11:51.940 --> 0:11:54.579 using a drone, and a lot of agronomists are starting 0:11:54.610 --> 0:11:57.640 to get really familiar with drones and their application rates. 0:11:57.640 --> 0:12:00.429 So I think you'll find and hopefully over the next 0:12:00.460 --> 0:12:02.890 sort of 6 to 12 months, we'll have a label 0:12:02.890 --> 0:12:05.620 rate specifically for drones on a lot of the chemicals 0:12:05.620 --> 0:12:08.140 or applications that need to go out there, which will 0:12:08.140 --> 0:12:10.089 help everyone in the industry. Okay. 0:12:10.120 --> 0:12:11.830 And you're saying that's going to be less. Why is 0:12:11.830 --> 0:12:12.970 that going to be less? Adam. 0:12:13.000 --> 0:12:16.990 More efficient, greater coverage on the leaf as well. And 0:12:16.990 --> 0:12:19.780 if you ever see a drone go over, say for example, 0:12:19.780 --> 0:12:22.870 a corn crop, you'll see it really the rotors wash 0:12:22.870 --> 0:12:26.500 the foliage and it really penetrates very well and very efficiently. 0:12:26.500 --> 0:12:28.420 And there are other additives that can be added as 0:12:28.420 --> 0:12:30.459 well to make sure that it sticks on the leaf 0:12:30.460 --> 0:12:32.440 at a greater rate. It's just a bit of feedback 0:12:32.440 --> 0:12:35.260 we've had from farmers and agronomists that the rates can 0:12:35.260 --> 0:12:37.300 be dropped. But again, we always refer back to the 0:12:37.300 --> 0:12:38.980 agronomists as they know best. 0:12:39.010 --> 0:12:41.290 What kind of farms and in what kind of situations 0:12:41.290 --> 0:12:44.680 are farmers using these. The bigger drones for spraying or spreading? 0:12:44.679 --> 0:12:44.980 It's a good. 0:12:44.980 --> 0:12:48.710 Question. And look traditionally we started out by spraying blackberries 0:12:48.710 --> 0:12:51.860 more than anything, just on really hilly country. People weren't 0:12:51.890 --> 0:12:54.679 wanting to walk in snake infested areas or they'd be 0:12:54.679 --> 0:12:57.620 really jagged rocks. It was just really undulating terrain and 0:12:57.620 --> 0:12:59.630 they said, we don't want a bar of it. We 0:12:59.630 --> 0:13:01.610 need to use a drone to get in there. So 0:13:01.610 --> 0:13:04.069 a lot of our flying early days was targeted, areas 0:13:04.070 --> 0:13:07.970 like that up on hills and inaccessible areas. But there's 0:13:07.970 --> 0:13:10.700 also a big push for getting on straight after a 0:13:10.700 --> 0:13:13.610 heavy rain or spreading anything where it's just too wet. 0:13:13.640 --> 0:13:16.520 We can't get on, uh, in Victoria. We've had quite 0:13:16.550 --> 0:13:18.709 a bit of rain lately, so we spray quite a 0:13:18.710 --> 0:13:20.480 few turf farms as well where they've got to be 0:13:20.480 --> 0:13:22.699 sprayed regularly, and it's just too wet to get on. 0:13:22.730 --> 0:13:25.160 They don't want tractor marks or any impact or compaction 0:13:25.160 --> 0:13:27.920 on the, on the turf. Essentially anywhere that's being sprayed 0:13:27.920 --> 0:13:30.770 currently can be used by a drone. Obviously, you've got 0:13:30.770 --> 0:13:33.170 to weigh up the pros and cons against, like you said, 0:13:33.200 --> 0:13:36.559 a 40 litre tank versus a 4000 litre boom sprayer. 0:13:36.590 --> 0:13:39.140 There's a bit of difference, but it can be quite 0:13:39.140 --> 0:13:42.140 efficient to take 3 or 4 drones out in one hit. 0:13:42.170 --> 0:13:45.050 As a contractor and blanket spray and just go with 0:13:45.050 --> 0:13:47.679 four different pilots and just move from paddock to paddock. 0:13:47.679 --> 0:13:50.020 If you scaled up to do so, which we are. 0:13:50.050 --> 0:13:52.900 That's really interesting. I didn't really think about using a 0:13:52.900 --> 0:13:55.570 number of them. What do you guys charge? 0:13:55.570 --> 0:13:58.900 So for just as an example, we're around the $40 0:13:58.900 --> 0:14:01.360 mark for a broad acre. I think we're doing canola 0:14:01.390 --> 0:14:04.990 next week and that's around that $40 mark per hectare. 0:14:05.020 --> 0:14:07.600 Again it's a bit of a where is it located. 0:14:07.630 --> 0:14:10.630 Is the access clear? Are there obstacles or is it 0:14:10.660 --> 0:14:12.910 truly broad acre and open? There's a few things that 0:14:12.910 --> 0:14:15.040 we factor in, but we tend to go out and 0:14:15.040 --> 0:14:17.860 map the property first for a small fee, depending on 0:14:17.860 --> 0:14:20.830 where it is. That just gives the client the choice 0:14:20.830 --> 0:14:23.410 ultimately to say, we can say, here it is, here's 0:14:23.410 --> 0:14:24.970 how long it's going to take us. We can present 0:14:24.970 --> 0:14:27.280 all the data in front of them, and then they 0:14:27.280 --> 0:14:29.050 can really see it, rather than just someone on the 0:14:29.050 --> 0:14:31.150 phone saying, yeah, I think it's going to be around 0:14:31.150 --> 0:14:32.860 about this. And then they come out and they say, 0:14:32.860 --> 0:14:34.060 oh no, it's this. 0:14:34.090 --> 0:14:38.050 Can drones crash into things? Say, if the operator wasn't concentrating? 0:14:38.980 --> 0:14:40.750 Absolutely. At the end of the day, the answer is yes. 0:14:40.750 --> 0:14:43.000 They've got a lot of safety features that are built 0:14:43.000 --> 0:14:46.730 in the obstacle avoidance. Almost every sensor you can picture 0:14:46.730 --> 0:14:49.340 is on a drone. The best way to put it 0:14:49.340 --> 0:14:51.620 is we compare it to driving a car. No one 0:14:51.620 --> 0:14:54.080 relies on lane assist to drive their car for them. 0:14:54.110 --> 0:14:56.810 If you're driving the car, you drive the car. Same 0:14:56.810 --> 0:14:58.730 with the drone. It's got every feature under the sun 0:14:58.730 --> 0:15:00.950 to help you avoid a crash, but if you haven't 0:15:00.950 --> 0:15:02.900 checked it, some of those settings are on. It might 0:15:02.900 --> 0:15:04.729 be as simple as toggling a switch to make sure 0:15:04.730 --> 0:15:07.160 they are on. If you do the right things, it's 0:15:07.160 --> 0:15:09.680 highly unlikely you will ever have an issue. We haven't 0:15:09.680 --> 0:15:12.140 to date, but again, it's just making sure you're thorough 0:15:12.170 --> 0:15:14.840 enough just to go through the checklist before you fly 0:15:14.870 --> 0:15:15.980 and you're good to go. 0:15:16.010 --> 0:15:19.280 Very cool. So what else can they do in the 0:15:19.280 --> 0:15:23.900 cropping space Adam? So you've talked about spreading, spraying, you 0:15:23.900 --> 0:15:27.200 talked about mapping. How do they do insects? 0:15:27.200 --> 0:15:31.100 So I would fly the multi-spectral drone which has a 0:15:31.100 --> 0:15:33.710 variety of different sensors on there. You can scale back 0:15:33.740 --> 0:15:37.610 the various vegetation indices to basically determine that there's an 0:15:37.610 --> 0:15:41.510 issue there. So it won't necessarily detect what type of 0:15:41.510 --> 0:15:44.950 infestation you've got or what issue there is. But from 0:15:44.950 --> 0:15:47.620 that vantage point being straight up above, you will see 0:15:47.620 --> 0:15:50.320 a drastic difference in one area of the crop compared 0:15:50.320 --> 0:15:53.770 to another. And again, using the multi-spectral sensors, you'll be 0:15:53.770 --> 0:15:55.960 able to see it ahead of time. So things you 0:15:55.960 --> 0:15:57.850 might miss if you're on the ground looking with your 0:15:57.850 --> 0:16:00.160 naked eye. The sensors will be able to pick them up. 0:16:00.190 --> 0:16:02.320 It's just about trying to be a bit more proactive 0:16:02.320 --> 0:16:05.110 and manage an outbreak or an issue before it becomes 0:16:05.110 --> 0:16:06.670 a real prominent issue. 0:16:06.850 --> 0:16:10.810 So is that the same technology for disease then? Yes. Okay. 0:16:10.840 --> 0:16:12.850 So what else? Is there anything else that I've missed 0:16:12.850 --> 0:16:13.660 in terms of cropping? 0:16:13.690 --> 0:16:19.030 There is stand count. There's plant figure, chlorophyll content, biomass measurement. 0:16:19.030 --> 0:16:21.640 All these things can be done. Some will use different 0:16:21.640 --> 0:16:24.520 sensors than others, but essentially the software that plugs in 0:16:24.520 --> 0:16:26.739 behind the scenes as well is what will then go 0:16:26.740 --> 0:16:29.770 and run the analysis. And that is ever changing. We're 0:16:29.770 --> 0:16:32.890 currently talking with a pineapple grower that's measuring their stand 0:16:32.890 --> 0:16:36.250 count and flower count. So as an example, they've got 0:16:36.250 --> 0:16:39.670 quite an area of plantation that is measured by just 0:16:39.670 --> 0:16:42.190 ground passes. So they will drive past and see that 0:16:42.190 --> 0:16:45.280 there's a percentage of the field flowering at any given time, 0:16:45.280 --> 0:16:47.229 and one of the tools they're using it for is 0:16:47.230 --> 0:16:51.040 to assess production and yield. So their yield counts are 0:16:51.040 --> 0:16:53.200 way out because of some of the weather conditions that 0:16:53.200 --> 0:16:56.260 they've had and weather events they've had. So by getting 0:16:56.260 --> 0:16:58.360 up over the top of it and giving them a 0:16:58.360 --> 0:17:01.330 real understanding of exactly what the stand count is, one 0:17:01.330 --> 0:17:04.570 area I probably haven't touched on enough is the biomass 0:17:04.570 --> 0:17:08.139 measurements and the vegetation indexes that can be derived. So 0:17:08.140 --> 0:17:10.719 one of the best things about LiDAR technology, which we 0:17:10.720 --> 0:17:14.770 use in the enterprise series drones, is we can lift 0:17:14.770 --> 0:17:17.230 all of the vegetation off the land as well to 0:17:17.260 --> 0:17:20.439 create contour lines to develop flow patterns. So if you 0:17:20.440 --> 0:17:22.389 have a heavy downpour on the farm or where you 0:17:22.390 --> 0:17:24.760 want to potentially build a dam or some sort of 0:17:24.760 --> 0:17:28.480 infrastructure around it, some of these drones can again lift 0:17:28.480 --> 0:17:30.970 the densest of vegetation up and give you a really 0:17:31.000 --> 0:17:34.840 accurate terrain model of your property. Again, just by flying 0:17:34.869 --> 0:17:36.910 a farm, you'd be amazed at what can be captured 0:17:36.910 --> 0:17:38.619 if you were to do just one pass with the 0:17:38.619 --> 0:17:42.010 3D flyover. People using it for insurance purposes as a 0:17:42.010 --> 0:17:44.439 bit of a timestamp on how their property looks at 0:17:44.740 --> 0:17:47.110 any given time, so they can then go through for 0:17:47.109 --> 0:17:49.929 insurance claims. There's all these sort of things that have 0:17:49.930 --> 0:17:52.540 been tabled by various farmers and said, oh, what if 0:17:52.540 --> 0:17:54.879 we do this? What if we do that? And it's 0:17:54.880 --> 0:17:57.940 all encompassing. So it's just the more data you can collect, 0:17:57.940 --> 0:18:00.910 the more informed decision making power you're going to have. 0:18:00.940 --> 0:18:04.030 I think what makes these things stand apart is what 0:18:04.030 --> 0:18:07.510 I'm hearing is that they're not actually just collecting more data, 0:18:07.540 --> 0:18:10.300 as you say. They're synthesising it, which I think is 0:18:10.300 --> 0:18:13.210 really important because there's a lot of data capturing going on, 0:18:13.210 --> 0:18:16.060 but it's actually being able to to pull all those 0:18:16.060 --> 0:18:19.330 figures together and help farmers to make a decision, isn't it? 0:18:19.359 --> 0:18:21.550 100%, absolutely. 0:18:23.859 --> 0:18:26.920 GE silos have been leading the way with their custom 0:18:26.920 --> 0:18:32.920 built grain pellet and fertiliser silos since 1978. Built using 0:18:32.920 --> 0:18:36.070 Australian made steel and offering a large range of high 0:18:36.070 --> 0:18:40.740 quality standard and optional features, the team at GE silos 0:18:40.740 --> 0:18:43.409 can work with you to ensure you find the right 0:18:43.410 --> 0:18:47.940 silo to suit your needs. Contact. GE silos today or 0:18:47.940 --> 0:18:54.240 visit GE silos. Com.au for more information. GE silos the 0:18:54.240 --> 0:18:56.129 right storage solution. 0:18:58.290 --> 0:19:00.450 Are they transported on the back of a trailer? 0:19:00.630 --> 0:19:04.020 We've got trailers that we use. We've got yurts. Tool boxes. 0:19:04.020 --> 0:19:05.550 They fit in the back of a ute if you 0:19:05.550 --> 0:19:07.800 did want to do that. But if you're spraying hundreds 0:19:07.800 --> 0:19:10.080 and hundreds of hectares in a day, then you need 0:19:10.109 --> 0:19:13.350 quite a bit of water supply. Your chemical mixer, your 0:19:13.350 --> 0:19:15.750 batch mixer, things like that. And obviously making sure that 0:19:15.750 --> 0:19:17.340 you've got the system to be able to power up 0:19:17.340 --> 0:19:18.629 your batteries all day long. 0:19:18.660 --> 0:19:20.609 Yeah, that's a good point. So you need the generators 0:19:20.609 --> 0:19:23.580 as well to to power those. So the other thing 0:19:23.580 --> 0:19:27.359 that I was interested in was can you use these 0:19:27.359 --> 0:19:29.190 for seeding. And how do you do that. 0:19:29.220 --> 0:19:31.770 Yes you can. So the Agri series does have a 0:19:31.770 --> 0:19:34.860 spreader and a hopper on there. So again 50 kilos 0:19:34.859 --> 0:19:37.919 of seeds. There are just two opposing discs that spread 0:19:37.920 --> 0:19:42.050 out Oppose each other. Spread the seed quite uniformly across 0:19:42.050 --> 0:19:44.840 a certain area. So typically most people will go and 0:19:44.840 --> 0:19:47.419 plow their field. Go and spray. And then they would 0:19:47.420 --> 0:19:50.899 just irrigate following that event. I have heard and seen 0:19:50.900 --> 0:19:53.960 some other drones overseas that almost fire the seeds into 0:19:53.960 --> 0:19:56.570 the ground in a little enclosure, and they sort of 0:19:56.600 --> 0:19:58.820 they're like an arrow shape. I've seen them. 0:19:58.850 --> 0:20:00.440 That was the one that I saw where it was. Yeah. 0:20:00.470 --> 0:20:02.780 Firing them into the ground. And I was had all 0:20:02.780 --> 0:20:04.520 these questions. I was thinking, how do they know how 0:20:04.520 --> 0:20:06.860 deep they're going and how do they know, like the 0:20:06.859 --> 0:20:09.230 seeding rate. And I just was I thought that was 0:20:09.230 --> 0:20:12.050 really interesting. So that's something that's perhaps around the corner. 0:20:12.080 --> 0:20:15.920 Another thing that I was thinking about is fire. Are 0:20:15.920 --> 0:20:18.260 drones being used to fight fires. 0:20:18.290 --> 0:20:22.520 I have seen cases where they're used commercially, not so much. 0:20:22.520 --> 0:20:24.709 I would say agriculture, just because of the size and 0:20:24.710 --> 0:20:27.409 the scale of it. We have had some experience in 0:20:27.410 --> 0:20:30.980 helping to prepare fire management plans by assessing what sort 0:20:30.980 --> 0:20:33.560 of foliage is there currently on a site. So where 0:20:33.560 --> 0:20:35.899 to put fire breaks, things of that nature. So we 0:20:35.900 --> 0:20:38.399 will go and conduct a lidar flight, which is a 0:20:38.400 --> 0:20:40.680 different type of flight, but essentially it's where we can 0:20:40.680 --> 0:20:43.709 measure the biomass of an area. We can highlight areas 0:20:43.710 --> 0:20:45.959 that may be of concern because there might be higher 0:20:45.960 --> 0:20:48.630 or more dense ladder fuel type systems in place, and 0:20:48.630 --> 0:20:51.750 then as it gets more sparse or canopy heights differ 0:20:51.750 --> 0:20:53.669 and become lower, they may be less of an issue. 0:20:53.700 --> 0:20:55.530 LiDAR is a phenomenal tool. A bit more of a 0:20:55.530 --> 0:20:58.710 commercial application, but we're using it more and more in agriculture. 0:20:58.740 --> 0:20:59.040 What 0:20:59.190 --> 0:20:59.850 What is LIDAR? 0:20:59.880 --> 0:21:04.800 Lidar is a laser point system. So basically no different 0:21:04.800 --> 0:21:07.500 than your laser tape measure that people have at home. 0:21:07.500 --> 0:21:10.350 It's millions and millions of laser measurements that are shot 0:21:10.350 --> 0:21:13.290 out from the drone in any given direction, and then 0:21:13.290 --> 0:21:16.469 all stitched together to make a model. But the benefit 0:21:16.500 --> 0:21:20.850 of lidar is because it can penetrate vegetation. So it 0:21:20.850 --> 0:21:23.670 has five points of return. So basically we can fly 0:21:23.670 --> 0:21:26.880 over a large area using lidar, and it will just 0:21:26.880 --> 0:21:30.330 basically spray the area with millions and millions of measurements 0:21:30.330 --> 0:21:32.910 and points that can then be stitched back together to 0:21:32.940 --> 0:21:35.160 create a 3D render or a 3D model. 0:21:35.190 --> 0:21:38.210 Now, one other question that I had regarding the seating 0:21:38.210 --> 0:21:41.240 was I'd love to be able to plant trees, drop 0:21:41.270 --> 0:21:44.600 trees and vegetation. Go. I want a shelter belt there. 0:21:44.630 --> 0:21:46.370 How effective is it to do that? 0:21:46.400 --> 0:21:49.459 Great question. It's not something we've tackled before. I'd be 0:21:49.460 --> 0:21:52.190 very interested to see how we could do that. I 0:21:52.190 --> 0:21:54.590 would say the spreading system, if it was a tree 0:21:54.590 --> 0:21:57.410 of decent size, that would be an interesting one because 0:21:57.410 --> 0:21:59.540 the spreading couldn't do it. But I dare say there's 0:21:59.540 --> 0:22:02.600 a way that we could incorporate drones into the workflow 0:22:02.750 --> 0:22:04.100 in some way, shape or form. 0:22:04.100 --> 0:22:08.240 So if I was going to think about getting a drone, Adam, 0:22:08.240 --> 0:22:10.910 I'd want to know, what's the return on my investment? 0:22:10.940 --> 0:22:13.190 Can you do you have any statistics on that? 0:22:13.490 --> 0:22:15.410 Not off the top of my head. I dare say 0:22:15.410 --> 0:22:19.490 you would compare it to obviously traditional methodology versus if 0:22:19.490 --> 0:22:22.639 I adopted a drone. So one would be labor costs. 0:22:22.670 --> 0:22:25.910 Labor component is obviously always a big one. One drone 0:22:25.910 --> 0:22:29.540 per pilot is something to consider. Versus depends how many 0:22:29.540 --> 0:22:32.300 people you need for this other role. I suppose the 0:22:32.300 --> 0:22:34.520 other thing to consider is people that have bought drones 0:22:34.520 --> 0:22:37.859 in the past have bought them for one specific purpose, 0:22:37.859 --> 0:22:40.470 and then once they've got more confident in the capability 0:22:40.470 --> 0:22:42.720 of their drone, they've realised, oh, I can actually also 0:22:42.720 --> 0:22:45.030 do it for this application. I've got quite a big 0:22:45.030 --> 0:22:47.520 area to manage myself. It might be a thousand acres 0:22:47.520 --> 0:22:50.490 or a thousand hectares. We've got cases of farmers just 0:22:50.490 --> 0:22:52.740 going to check troughs, flying it out to go and 0:22:52.740 --> 0:22:55.020 check if gates have been left open or find some 0:22:55.020 --> 0:22:59.220 cattle or livestock. So that's quite a basic operation for 0:22:59.250 --> 0:23:01.230 a drone. But then they've also doubled up and said, oh, 0:23:01.260 --> 0:23:03.390 the same drone can also give me a variable rate 0:23:03.390 --> 0:23:05.190 application over here that I want to achieve. 0:23:05.220 --> 0:23:08.280 Would that be your recommendation to start with one? 0:23:08.310 --> 0:23:11.370 I would always go and start with the smaller mapping 0:23:11.369 --> 0:23:14.310 style drone first. Just get your legs, understand what the 0:23:14.310 --> 0:23:17.280 process is about. If you are considering doing it for 0:23:17.310 --> 0:23:20.730 a commercial purpose, you will need a licence, which is 0:23:20.730 --> 0:23:24.060 still relatively straightforward. It's called a ripple, which is it 0:23:24.060 --> 0:23:26.129 allows you to fly up to a 25 kilo weight, 0:23:26.130 --> 0:23:28.560 and that takes generally about five days to achieve. And 0:23:28.560 --> 0:23:31.229 then you can work on someone else's Rioch, which is 0:23:31.230 --> 0:23:34.129 the company business licence. But what you need to know is, 0:23:34.130 --> 0:23:36.139 if you're interested in flying a drone on a property 0:23:36.140 --> 0:23:37.909 that's not yours, you're going to be up for a 0:23:37.910 --> 0:23:39.920 license that takes around five days to get. 0:23:40.310 --> 0:23:41.929 So I don't need a license if I'm flying my 0:23:41.930 --> 0:23:43.250 own drone on my own property. 0:23:43.280 --> 0:23:46.430 Correct. But if it's over 25 kilo, you will. 0:23:46.880 --> 0:23:51.350 Where are drones most being used in Australia and what industries? 0:23:51.380 --> 0:23:54.379 I would say it's around the land topography as well. 0:23:54.380 --> 0:23:58.190 So particularly areas that aren't probably broadacre just yet. A 0:23:58.190 --> 0:24:00.320 lot of people are starting to use fixed wing drones, 0:24:00.320 --> 0:24:02.929 which can fly a lot further, but that's a bit 0:24:02.930 --> 0:24:05.450 of a slower adoption than what we're talking about now, 0:24:05.450 --> 0:24:08.180 which is multi-rotor drones, the traditional drones that you see 0:24:08.180 --> 0:24:11.629 with propellers. So I would say areas that are quite 0:24:11.630 --> 0:24:15.109 heavily prone to being wet, quite often rocky. And in 0:24:15.109 --> 0:24:18.080 terms of areas, I would say it really varies from 0:24:18.080 --> 0:24:21.650 cropping to cattle. Lots of sheep. It's not a specific industry. 0:24:21.650 --> 0:24:25.670 I'd say it's probably more the geographical location of the place. 0:24:25.670 --> 0:24:28.399 I was really interested when you said the flat winged 0:24:28.400 --> 0:24:32.030 drones because, oh, there's a different type. What are they about, Adam? 0:24:32.060 --> 0:24:35.260 So they're called fixed wing. Essentially they take off vertically 0:24:35.260 --> 0:24:38.500 and then they're like a little model airplane. They're quite lightweight, 0:24:38.500 --> 0:24:41.380 but they can't hover like a traditional drone can. They 0:24:41.380 --> 0:24:43.690 have to be moving forward. So they are very good 0:24:43.690 --> 0:24:47.260 for larger applications and broadacre. There are other licenses that 0:24:47.260 --> 0:24:49.300 you can get as well where you don't have to 0:24:49.300 --> 0:24:52.179 be just visual line of sight. You can fly beyond that. 0:24:52.180 --> 0:24:55.570 That's handy for broad acre applications where you can cover 0:24:55.570 --> 0:24:57.250 great distances very quickly. 0:24:57.280 --> 0:24:58.750 Okay, so are they bigger? 0:24:58.780 --> 0:25:01.659 They're slightly bigger. They're actually quite light. A few of them, 0:25:01.660 --> 0:25:04.959 they're just a different technology. But similar sensors can be 0:25:04.960 --> 0:25:06.310 attached to those as well. 0:25:06.430 --> 0:25:10.780 So the Multi-rotor drones we talked about the little drones 0:25:10.780 --> 0:25:13.330 and their battery life. What's the battery life of the 0:25:13.330 --> 0:25:14.170 bigger ones? 0:25:14.200 --> 0:25:17.950 They spray anywhere from around 10 to 15 minute duration, 0:25:17.950 --> 0:25:20.410 and they take about 10 to 12 minutes to recharge. 0:25:20.410 --> 0:25:22.420 So it's almost a like for like swap out. So 0:25:22.420 --> 0:25:24.940 once it's empty with its payload, it comes back in, 0:25:24.970 --> 0:25:26.590 you swap the battery and you're up in the air 0:25:26.590 --> 0:25:29.260 again within a matter of maybe a minute and a half. 0:25:29.710 --> 0:25:33.530 In terms so you're talking about Licenses? What are some 0:25:33.530 --> 0:25:36.350 of the things that you aren't allowed to do? So 0:25:36.350 --> 0:25:38.000 what were the what are some of the things that 0:25:38.000 --> 0:25:39.889 they'll be teaching you in the license? 0:25:39.890 --> 0:25:43.250 So you'll learn straight away? Obviously, the ultimate authority in 0:25:43.250 --> 0:25:47.480 Australia is Casa, the civil aviation safety authority for first 0:25:47.510 --> 0:25:49.879 time users. You'll go through this five day licence and 0:25:49.880 --> 0:25:53.419 they'll educate you largely around aeronautics and some of the 0:25:53.420 --> 0:25:55.070 things you've got to know as a pilot. But then 0:25:55.070 --> 0:25:56.990 more specifically, I guess at the end of the day, 0:25:56.990 --> 0:25:59.990 it's just about making sure your records are up to date, 0:25:59.990 --> 0:26:02.540 that your drone is in good shape before you operate it, 0:26:02.540 --> 0:26:04.940 that you are operating visual line of sight, which means 0:26:04.940 --> 0:26:07.189 you have to be able to determine the orientation of 0:26:07.190 --> 0:26:09.350 your drone at all times. So if you lose sight 0:26:09.380 --> 0:26:11.540 of your drone, not good. You've got to make sure 0:26:11.540 --> 0:26:14.300 you can see it. One pilot per drone. So one 0:26:14.330 --> 0:26:17.060 operator can't take five drones and fly them all at once. 0:26:17.060 --> 0:26:19.340 It's 1 to 1 ratio. And then probably the most 0:26:19.340 --> 0:26:22.400 important one is the 30 metre rule. So in agriculture 0:26:22.400 --> 0:26:24.770 it's great because you tend to not be near anyone. 0:26:24.770 --> 0:26:26.750 But if you were in a built up area, you 0:26:26.750 --> 0:26:30.050 are supposed to maintain a 30 metre clearance from any personnel. 0:26:30.080 --> 0:26:30.619 Do. 0:26:30.640 --> 0:26:33.399 Drones ever go rogue and just fly up into the 0:26:33.400 --> 0:26:35.530 air and you can't see them anymore? 0:26:35.560 --> 0:26:38.740 Wouldn't go rogue unless they've been programmed to do so. 0:26:38.740 --> 0:26:42.190 So again, that's that pre-check that I was talking about. 0:26:42.220 --> 0:26:44.320 Drones have a lot of safety features. What if the 0:26:44.320 --> 0:26:46.929 signal cut out when I was flying my drone? What happens? 0:26:46.930 --> 0:26:49.600 There are settings that you can select. One might be 0:26:49.600 --> 0:26:51.850 return to home. So it will come back. The minute 0:26:51.850 --> 0:26:54.070 it loses signal, it will fly exactly back to where 0:26:54.070 --> 0:26:56.560 it started. But some people might have it on hover 0:26:56.560 --> 0:26:58.449 where it just sits there. If you don't get the 0:26:58.450 --> 0:27:00.460 signal back, it will sit there forever until it runs 0:27:00.460 --> 0:27:02.410 out of battery. So again. 0:27:02.440 --> 0:27:03.310 That's from the sky. 0:27:03.340 --> 0:27:06.699 Then it would eventually, if that's the situation it was in. 0:27:06.730 --> 0:27:09.670 So if I don't need a license on my farm, 0:27:09.700 --> 0:27:12.430 how am I going to keep myself and everybody else safe? 0:27:12.460 --> 0:27:15.070 I would say there's probably two things. One, think about 0:27:15.070 --> 0:27:16.899 your flight before you're going to do it. So if 0:27:16.900 --> 0:27:19.780 you know you're going somewhere where there are transmission towers 0:27:19.780 --> 0:27:23.200 or power lines, just be wary. I wouldn't chance it, 0:27:23.200 --> 0:27:26.679 I never would. Infrastructure costs a lot, so avoid it 0:27:26.680 --> 0:27:28.899 as best you can and then just stay clear of 0:27:28.900 --> 0:27:31.150 any built up areas. So if there was a common 0:27:31.150 --> 0:27:33.340 area that people are sort of loitering at, I would 0:27:33.340 --> 0:27:35.440 avoid that altogether. Just go have a bit of a 0:27:35.440 --> 0:27:38.560 joy flight in an open area. Get the feel for it. 0:27:38.590 --> 0:27:42.100 The drones nowadays are very good and pretty easy to fly. 0:27:42.130 --> 0:27:44.530 I think in your tests you will be asked to 0:27:44.560 --> 0:27:47.410 fly in attitude mode, which basically takes off a lot 0:27:47.410 --> 0:27:49.780 of the guidance for you. So if there's a high wind, 0:27:49.780 --> 0:27:51.640 the drone will drift with the wind to make sure 0:27:51.640 --> 0:27:53.619 that you're skilled enough as a pilot to go and 0:27:53.619 --> 0:27:56.110 then refly it and drop it down. So once it's 0:27:56.109 --> 0:27:58.030 in an automatic sort of mode, it will sit there 0:27:58.030 --> 0:28:00.820 and hover in some pretty high winds. So they are 0:28:00.820 --> 0:28:04.929 very versatile units. So it's getting away from and I 0:28:04.930 --> 0:28:07.600 think getting the mentality of these aren't toys anymore. These 0:28:07.600 --> 0:28:11.080 are real pieces of equipment and machinery, especially in AG 0:28:11.080 --> 0:28:14.260 and the enterprise sector. When you're paying north of 5000 0:28:14.290 --> 0:28:16.780 for a small drone, it's not a toy, so you 0:28:16.780 --> 0:28:18.370 don't want to chance it. Okay. 0:28:18.400 --> 0:28:21.040 And so you talked about power lines and not being 0:28:21.040 --> 0:28:24.430 able to chance it. Would you as a contractor, if 0:28:24.430 --> 0:28:27.250 someone had a transmission line in their paddock, would you 0:28:27.280 --> 0:28:29.590 just say, we're not doing that paddock. Or would you 0:28:29.590 --> 0:28:31.600 just stay well clear of it? 0:28:31.630 --> 0:28:34.090 No, we would still tackle the paddock. There's just different 0:28:34.090 --> 0:28:36.820 measures you can take. So obviously depending on the height, 0:28:36.820 --> 0:28:39.160 you may choose to fly under it again. If they 0:28:39.190 --> 0:28:41.200 are around maybe five metres off the ground and we 0:28:41.200 --> 0:28:44.050 fly at three, that would be too close for us. 0:28:44.050 --> 0:28:46.090 But we can then split up the paddock on the 0:28:46.090 --> 0:28:49.150 controller and have north and south of the paddock, and 0:28:49.150 --> 0:28:51.160 there might just be a small line under the power 0:28:51.190 --> 0:28:53.380 line that you don't target. But the swath on a 0:28:53.380 --> 0:28:56.260 drone at about three metres off the crop height can 0:28:56.260 --> 0:28:58.840 reach 8 to 10m wide. So if you do it 0:28:58.840 --> 0:29:01.780 well enough and again, our pilots do it day in, 0:29:01.780 --> 0:29:04.480 day out, they will know what they can and can't achieve, 0:29:04.480 --> 0:29:07.300 and normally it hasn't been an issue for us. However, 0:29:07.330 --> 0:29:10.450 part of your JSA before you start, which we will 0:29:10.450 --> 0:29:13.450 probably touch on later in in the conversation, but we 0:29:13.450 --> 0:29:15.790 do a lot of preparation ahead of time so we 0:29:15.790 --> 0:29:18.280 can map out all of those obstacles, which is hence 0:29:18.280 --> 0:29:21.220 why we tend to map our jobs. First, send the 0:29:21.220 --> 0:29:23.980 little one up, do its thing, mark out obstacles, and 0:29:23.980 --> 0:29:25.330 we'll just sit there and have a bit of a 0:29:25.330 --> 0:29:27.510 toolbox ahead of the job, and then we go out 0:29:27.510 --> 0:29:28.110 and spray. 0:29:28.140 --> 0:29:31.500 What about noise pollution? Adam, how loud are they? 0:29:31.530 --> 0:29:34.200 Some of the larger scale. The aggregates do have a 0:29:34.200 --> 0:29:36.480 bit of noise, but to be perfectly honest, it hasn't 0:29:36.480 --> 0:29:39.360 been an issue for us. We always wear PPE and 0:29:39.390 --> 0:29:42.480 have earmuffs and radios to communicate with one another anyway. 0:29:42.480 --> 0:29:45.360 But the benefit of drones, and something I didn't really 0:29:45.360 --> 0:29:48.840 mention before was the chemicals being taken away from you. 0:29:48.840 --> 0:29:51.210 So it's being applied at a long distance away from 0:29:51.210 --> 0:29:53.550 where you're set up. Whereas opposed to when you're on 0:29:53.550 --> 0:29:56.670 a sprayer, you're right amongst what you're spraying. So that's 0:29:56.670 --> 0:29:59.250 another safety aspect of a spraying drone, is we're taking 0:29:59.250 --> 0:30:01.470 the chemical hundreds of meters away from you, and you're 0:30:01.470 --> 0:30:03.570 applying it at a distance, and then it's coming back 0:30:03.570 --> 0:30:07.080 when it's empty. So we probably park the drones maybe ten, 0:30:07.080 --> 0:30:09.660 15m away from us when we're operating, wait for it 0:30:09.660 --> 0:30:12.330 to shut down, power down, get a battery, go over, 0:30:12.330 --> 0:30:14.790 fill it up, salt the battery, and away it goes again. 0:30:14.790 --> 0:30:17.520 So it hasn't been an issue for us. If you're 0:30:17.520 --> 0:30:20.550 doing maybe more of a commercial or, you know, potentially 0:30:20.550 --> 0:30:23.520 work for councils where you're around people, things of that nature, 0:30:23.550 --> 0:30:25.500 you'd want to be just wary of it. And there 0:30:25.500 --> 0:30:27.700 are times of the day that are better suited to 0:30:27.730 --> 0:30:28.720 operating than others. 0:30:28.750 --> 0:30:31.120 So what are some of the current challenges that farmers 0:30:31.120 --> 0:30:32.590 are facing using a drone? 0:30:32.620 --> 0:30:35.410 I would say one of the biggest challenges and hurdles 0:30:35.440 --> 0:30:38.350 is the fear of change. People are less likely to 0:30:38.350 --> 0:30:40.360 adopt something if no one else around them is doing it. 0:30:40.360 --> 0:30:42.370 Being the first one at it is always a bit 0:30:42.370 --> 0:30:44.500 of a hurdle and a bit of a risk to overcome. 0:30:44.560 --> 0:30:47.050 The technology now has been around for quite a number 0:30:47.050 --> 0:30:49.750 of years and it's getting more and more affordable as well. 0:30:49.750 --> 0:30:52.630 So even as recent as 2 or 3 years ago, 0:30:52.630 --> 0:30:54.940 some of this technology was over twice the price of 0:30:54.940 --> 0:30:57.700 what it is now. So I think it's a bit 0:30:57.700 --> 0:31:00.940 of a combination between the manufacturer also listening to the 0:31:00.940 --> 0:31:03.400 end user and just having a bit of time between 0:31:03.400 --> 0:31:05.890 to really get together. And obviously a lot of the 0:31:05.890 --> 0:31:09.010 feedbacks came back and forth. So early days it was 0:31:09.010 --> 0:31:11.320 maybe the price is too high or it's not viable 0:31:11.320 --> 0:31:14.440 for my business. DJI have obviously listened to that. They're 0:31:14.440 --> 0:31:17.680 creating different product lines and different services and different packages 0:31:17.680 --> 0:31:19.990 and different offerings to be able to support the farmer. 0:31:19.990 --> 0:31:23.050 So for someone to go completely uneducated, never have flown 0:31:23.080 --> 0:31:25.830 a drone within the space of a few weeks, can 0:31:25.830 --> 0:31:28.650 have their drone license their business up and running. My 0:31:28.650 --> 0:31:31.290 only advice to anyone doing that would just be to 0:31:31.320 --> 0:31:33.120 just be a little bit patient. There is a lot 0:31:33.150 --> 0:31:36.030 to learn. We're still learning every day, and just be 0:31:36.030 --> 0:31:39.270 open to suggestions and getting as much feedback from people 0:31:39.270 --> 0:31:41.580 as you can that are in the industry already doing it, 0:31:41.580 --> 0:31:43.380 because it'll save you a lot of headaches, a lot 0:31:43.410 --> 0:31:43.830 of time. 0:31:43.860 --> 0:31:49.020 Good advice Adam. I think now moving into livestock, can 0:31:49.020 --> 0:31:51.750 you tell me how drones are being used by farmers 0:31:51.750 --> 0:31:52.560 with livestock? 0:31:52.590 --> 0:31:55.620 Quite a number of our clients have actually purchased thermal drones, 0:31:55.620 --> 0:31:58.350 because they want to go and count some of their 0:31:58.350 --> 0:32:00.450 stock as well at any time of day or night. 0:32:00.450 --> 0:32:03.060 So they will then fly them up. And obviously some 0:32:03.060 --> 0:32:05.940 of the technology as well that's coming in. As you 0:32:05.940 --> 0:32:07.950 probably have seen, a lot of the cattle now have 0:32:07.950 --> 0:32:10.650 markings on their ears or little chips inserted. So again 0:32:10.680 --> 0:32:13.200 that's got other benefits to it. So if they go 0:32:13.200 --> 0:32:17.040 up to a trough there's certain apparatus now that can weigh. 0:32:17.070 --> 0:32:19.560 See how much the calves drank. See what it's eaten 0:32:19.560 --> 0:32:21.840 that day. And drones are almost the overview where they 0:32:21.840 --> 0:32:24.950 can go and scan the entire premises and basically collate 0:32:24.950 --> 0:32:27.380 all that data in a uniform fashion. Other than that, 0:32:27.380 --> 0:32:30.320 it's very similar to the cropping where you can still 0:32:30.350 --> 0:32:34.850 again spread map spray. All those applications are still relevant 0:32:34.850 --> 0:32:36.350 in livestock. 0:32:36.620 --> 0:32:38.870 So could they deliver feed? 0:32:38.900 --> 0:32:41.660 They could. I haven't seen it done in Australia personally 0:32:41.660 --> 0:32:43.940 just yet. There are drones that can carry quite a 0:32:43.940 --> 0:32:46.370 bit of weight and they're more for transporting. But I 0:32:46.370 --> 0:32:50.120 think traditionally farmers, particularly here in Victoria, have already got 0:32:50.120 --> 0:32:52.550 all the infrastructure that they need to be able to 0:32:52.550 --> 0:32:54.650 do it on a larger scale. So I think the 0:32:54.650 --> 0:32:56.360 weight is always going to be that issue with the 0:32:56.360 --> 0:32:58.790 drones that we've got currently, where they're not going to 0:32:58.790 --> 0:33:01.250 be able to transport, I would say more than 100 0:33:01.280 --> 0:33:02.720 kilos or something like that. 0:33:02.750 --> 0:33:06.080 Okay. So going back to your first story and how 0:33:06.080 --> 0:33:08.840 you were inspired. Can you tell me how were they 0:33:08.840 --> 0:33:11.719 using drones to increase fertility? 0:33:11.750 --> 0:33:14.090 So they had there was a lot of hilly area 0:33:14.090 --> 0:33:17.330 that was just basically unused. And it wasn't a broad 0:33:17.360 --> 0:33:19.640 acre sense. This was quite a small property, a few 0:33:19.670 --> 0:33:23.250 hundred hectare, but there was just very dense scrub and 0:33:23.250 --> 0:33:26.370 lantana and I just needed a real good clean up, 0:33:26.370 --> 0:33:28.170 but there was no real way of accessing it. It 0:33:28.170 --> 0:33:31.020 was so thick and dense, this this scrub that was 0:33:31.020 --> 0:33:34.020 around this place. Again, it was either wait for a helicopter, 0:33:34.020 --> 0:33:36.810 but they didn't want some of the vegetation killed, so 0:33:36.810 --> 0:33:39.810 they didn't want the chopper coming in and just bombing everything. 0:33:39.810 --> 0:33:42.360 They wanted to be a lot more specific and targeted 0:33:42.360 --> 0:33:44.370 in their approach. And that's where the drone came in 0:33:44.400 --> 0:33:47.370 is okay. I can actually hover right over exactly what 0:33:47.370 --> 0:33:49.470 I want to spray, apply the chemical. But I don't 0:33:49.470 --> 0:33:51.630 necessarily want to kill all this. Some of the wattles 0:33:51.630 --> 0:33:53.130 and different trees that are around the place. 0:33:53.130 --> 0:33:55.530 So what about in terms of research. So I know 0:33:55.560 --> 0:34:01.260 BCG has got some nice drones. How are we using 0:34:01.260 --> 0:34:03.270 them in research and how are they being used in 0:34:03.270 --> 0:34:04.560 research in general. 0:34:04.590 --> 0:34:08.310 Yes. So Burchett has purchased the Mavic three multi-spectral that 0:34:08.310 --> 0:34:11.610 I mentioned before basically for their trial plots. So using 0:34:11.610 --> 0:34:15.900 those different vegetation indices to peel back and analyze specific 0:34:15.900 --> 0:34:18.900 crops that they're planting, there is also a pix 4D license, 0:34:18.900 --> 0:34:22.380 which is one type of software that we offer so 0:34:22.380 --> 0:34:25.739 it can go through and determine plant vigor. It can 0:34:25.739 --> 0:34:28.830 do some stand counts, things like that. And you also 0:34:28.830 --> 0:34:32.790 did purchase a T25, which is the T25. So a 0:34:32.790 --> 0:34:34.920 smaller version of the drone I was talking about before. 0:34:34.950 --> 0:34:37.830 So 25 liter tank, essentially all the other features are 0:34:37.830 --> 0:34:40.799 quite similar. So smaller scale spreading, but again a very 0:34:40.800 --> 0:34:44.220 versatile and nimble drone. So there is just on that. 0:34:44.219 --> 0:34:46.739 There is another product. It's called the dock two. So 0:34:46.739 --> 0:34:49.739 it's essentially a drone in a box and it is automated, 0:34:49.739 --> 0:34:52.680 but it's only just been released. So it will basically 0:34:52.680 --> 0:34:55.920 open up at a predetermined time, do its map and 0:34:55.920 --> 0:34:58.350 come back and park up, close up for the night. 0:34:58.350 --> 0:35:01.200 And people are sending them out every day to collect data. 0:35:01.200 --> 0:35:04.110 It's in a weatherproof station that sits outside a shed. 0:35:04.140 --> 0:35:06.480 As long as it's got internet and power, you can 0:35:06.510 --> 0:35:09.750 then plan flights at any time of the day so 0:35:09.750 --> 0:35:11.910 it will open up. It's got its own little weather 0:35:11.910 --> 0:35:14.640 station inbuilt, so if it is too windy it won't 0:35:14.670 --> 0:35:17.219 take off. So there are some safety measures in place 0:35:17.219 --> 0:35:17.700 as well. 0:35:17.730 --> 0:35:21.340 How do they fit into the licensing regulations, then that's 0:35:21.340 --> 0:35:22.060 a good question. 0:35:22.060 --> 0:35:25.150 And that's one that's involved. So that is beyond visual 0:35:25.150 --> 0:35:28.330 line of sight. So that's another separate license that you need. 0:35:28.360 --> 0:35:31.150 And how reliable are they Adam. Because my robot vacuum 0:35:31.150 --> 0:35:32.470 cleaner isn't very reliable. 0:35:33.280 --> 0:35:35.650 No I would trust this. Absolutely. 0:35:35.650 --> 0:35:38.440 That is good. I'm pleased that you've said that. What 0:35:38.440 --> 0:35:41.350 about irrigation? Can they irrigate crops? 0:35:41.350 --> 0:35:45.040 They can. That model can spray crops depending on what 0:35:45.040 --> 0:35:47.890 you're spraying it with. If it's just water, anything that 0:35:47.890 --> 0:35:50.529 can come out of a nozzle, essentially it can do. 0:35:50.590 --> 0:35:53.020 I haven't heard of them just spraying water only, but 0:35:53.020 --> 0:35:54.280 I'm sure it could do it. 0:35:54.310 --> 0:35:58.570 Okay. What is the lifespan of a drone, particularly the 0:35:58.570 --> 0:36:00.370 big ones? If I'm going to buy a big one? Adam, 0:36:00.370 --> 0:36:01.660 I want it to last a while. 0:36:01.690 --> 0:36:04.029 That's a good question. They've got a couple of years warranty, 0:36:04.030 --> 0:36:07.989 but ultimately I've never seen one perish yet because they 0:36:07.989 --> 0:36:10.150 probably haven't been out long enough. So I would say 0:36:10.150 --> 0:36:12.009 you'd want to get at least ten years out of 0:36:12.010 --> 0:36:14.680 one of these bigger drones. But yeah, the warranty is 0:36:14.680 --> 0:36:18.160 quite comprehensive as well. But batteries go off life cycles, 0:36:18.160 --> 0:36:21.290 so they tend to be I think it's 1500 cycles 0:36:21.290 --> 0:36:24.200 off the top of my head before they become unserviceable. 0:36:24.200 --> 0:36:27.230 They'll still work, but highly recommended to replace them. But 0:36:27.230 --> 0:36:29.960 the general wear and tear and maintenance of these drones, 0:36:29.960 --> 0:36:32.450 they're all quite modular, so they're relatively easy to get 0:36:32.450 --> 0:36:35.300 parts for their plug and play a lot of the time. 0:36:35.330 --> 0:36:37.580 Do you find they break down a bit? 0:36:37.610 --> 0:36:40.729 No. I think the most common item we have go 0:36:40.730 --> 0:36:44.270 is propellers. And sometimes that's clients taking them off from 0:36:44.270 --> 0:36:47.719 potentially rocky areas or gravel roads where stones flick up 0:36:47.750 --> 0:36:50.120 once the rotors start up. That tends to be one 0:36:50.120 --> 0:36:52.100 of the first things that shows signs of wear. So 0:36:52.100 --> 0:36:54.710 we either use a mat, a landing pad, or we 0:36:54.710 --> 0:36:56.660 will fly them off the paddock deck where it's just 0:36:56.660 --> 0:36:59.300 got some grass or something around it, but they are 0:36:59.300 --> 0:37:03.350 pretty reliable and durable. Normally consumables washes a couple of 0:37:03.350 --> 0:37:06.560 little bits and pieces, but no, they are pretty robust. 0:37:06.739 --> 0:37:09.350 Okay, Adam, so once you leave and the next day 0:37:09.350 --> 0:37:11.509 I'm trying to fly it and having some trouble, is 0:37:11.510 --> 0:37:12.770 there support available? 0:37:12.800 --> 0:37:15.890 Absolutely. We definitely won't leave you high and dry or 0:37:15.890 --> 0:37:17.450 drop it at your doorstep. We'll be there to walk 0:37:17.450 --> 0:37:18.969 you through it and hold your hand every step of 0:37:18.969 --> 0:37:19.420 the way. 0:37:19.450 --> 0:37:25.300 And is that included in the cost of the drone? Yes. Yeah. Okay. 0:37:25.330 --> 0:37:28.239 Was there anything else, Adam, that you thought our listeners 0:37:28.239 --> 0:37:29.770 might be interested in? 0:37:30.010 --> 0:37:31.810 One thing to probably mention is a lot of the 0:37:31.810 --> 0:37:33.819 questions that you're probably feeling. If you are a first 0:37:33.850 --> 0:37:36.070 time listener, you want to reach out. And we spoke 0:37:36.070 --> 0:37:38.770 earlier about people potentially being a bit timid and not 0:37:38.800 --> 0:37:40.870 wanting to ask those questions. You do need to, and 0:37:40.870 --> 0:37:42.850 it's the easiest way to get ahead of it and 0:37:42.850 --> 0:37:45.549 leapfrog you forward six months down your journey. Because a 0:37:45.550 --> 0:37:47.440 lot of people have the same issues. We get asked 0:37:47.440 --> 0:37:49.660 a lot of the same questions, so there is no 0:37:49.660 --> 0:37:52.480 stupid question. I still ask them all the time myself. 0:37:52.660 --> 0:37:55.570 So yeah, just don't feel too precious about it. Come 0:37:55.600 --> 0:37:57.939 see us, give us a call, have a chat, talk 0:37:57.940 --> 0:37:59.830 to anyone else that's in the industry as well. Get 0:37:59.830 --> 0:38:02.620 some really valuable advice. And we've actually just released a 0:38:02.620 --> 0:38:04.990 YouTube channel a few months ago, and we've got some 0:38:05.260 --> 0:38:07.780 user friendly content on there that people have been asking for. 0:38:07.930 --> 0:38:10.480 Like a helpful YouTube channel. So that's that's one we 0:38:10.480 --> 0:38:13.420 might put in the show notes. Speaking of advice, that 0:38:13.420 --> 0:38:16.600 might be a nice segue. Adam. What is the best 0:38:16.600 --> 0:38:20.090 advice that you've been given in life or in business. 0:38:20.090 --> 0:38:22.400 I love these ones because I could talk for hours, 0:38:22.400 --> 0:38:25.010 but as funny as it is, the simplest piece of 0:38:25.010 --> 0:38:28.040 advice I ever got given was just be good to people. 0:38:28.040 --> 0:38:30.440 And I know that sounds really basic, but it just 0:38:30.440 --> 0:38:33.380 makes so much sense and not doing it because you're 0:38:33.380 --> 0:38:34.910 told to do it, but do it because you want 0:38:34.940 --> 0:38:37.850 to do it and approach life like that. And it's 0:38:37.850 --> 0:38:39.950 something I instill in my kids quite a bit. Manners 0:38:39.950 --> 0:38:42.920 cost nothing. Just be good to people in general if 0:38:42.920 --> 0:38:45.140 they've got an issue and you can help them, help them. 0:38:45.140 --> 0:38:47.360 Whether that's walking down the street and opening the door 0:38:47.360 --> 0:38:50.300 for someone. Just do right by people and things work 0:38:50.300 --> 0:38:52.129 out pretty well in the end. If you're what goes 0:38:52.130 --> 0:38:53.270 around does come around. 0:38:54.230 --> 0:38:56.630 If you love the podcast and would like to show 0:38:56.630 --> 0:39:00.080 your support, please rate us five stars. Wherever you listen 0:39:00.080 --> 0:39:02.450 to your podcasts and share it with your friends. 0:39:03.080 --> 0:39:07.400 BCG drives the prosperity of Australian farmers, communities and landscapes 0:39:07.400 --> 0:39:11.239 through applied research, innovation and events. To find out more 0:39:11.239 --> 0:39:14.150 about what we're up to, our team and events near you, 0:39:14.180 --> 0:39:16.939 visit BCG website.