1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:02,560 Speaker 1: It is time for medical News with doctor Jim Keeney, 2 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:06,320 Speaker 1: chief medical officer for Dignity Saint Mary Medical Center in 3 00:00:06,559 --> 00:00:11,119 Speaker 1: Long Beach, and good morning Jim, Good morning Bill. Okay, 4 00:00:11,200 --> 00:00:14,480 Speaker 1: here we start now, and I think I've shared this 5 00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:19,560 Speaker 1: with you before the last few years of my mom's life, 6 00:00:20,400 --> 00:00:23,880 Speaker 1: she didn't even recognize me. Now, in my case, that 7 00:00:23,960 --> 00:00:26,040 Speaker 1: was a great thing. I had no problem with her 8 00:00:26,079 --> 00:00:29,840 Speaker 1: not recognizing me. But other people have a problem with that. 9 00:00:29,880 --> 00:00:33,080 Speaker 1: And it's not just old people that's the problem. It's 10 00:00:33,159 --> 00:00:37,240 Speaker 1: moving into young adults with memory problems. Let's talk about that. 11 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:41,600 Speaker 2: Yeah, So what you're referring to is there's an interesting 12 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:44,760 Speaker 2: study because it was a big survey study of four 13 00:00:44,800 --> 00:00:48,800 Speaker 2: point five million people and they've conducted this from twenty 14 00:00:48,840 --> 00:00:51,040 Speaker 2: thirteen to twenty twenty three, so it's a ten year 15 00:00:51,159 --> 00:00:56,440 Speaker 2: study looking at self reported ability to remember things. And 16 00:00:56,760 --> 00:00:58,800 Speaker 2: so it's you know, you're asking people you are you 17 00:00:58,880 --> 00:01:01,720 Speaker 2: how are you doing meming things? And they're telling you 18 00:01:01,760 --> 00:01:05,360 Speaker 2: from their own self reported perspective, oh, I'm remembering more, 19 00:01:05,440 --> 00:01:09,759 Speaker 2: remembering less. And what they're showing is that that, yes, 20 00:01:09,920 --> 00:01:13,720 Speaker 2: young adults are the ones that are complaining most about this. 21 00:01:14,080 --> 00:01:17,840 Speaker 2: So this isn't really like the study is observational, it's 22 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:22,520 Speaker 2: asking a question. It's not like looking at an actual diagnosis. 23 00:01:22,560 --> 00:01:25,240 Speaker 2: This is self reported, so it's not really good for 24 00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:29,880 Speaker 2: saying the incidence of you know, cognitive dysfunction is going up. 25 00:01:29,920 --> 00:01:32,600 Speaker 2: But what it's it's giving us a signal that people 26 00:01:32,640 --> 00:01:35,880 Speaker 2: are not remembering as well as they as they used 27 00:01:35,920 --> 00:01:38,760 Speaker 2: to and they feel like that's accelerating. So people eighteen 28 00:01:38,800 --> 00:01:42,039 Speaker 2: to forty, that's that's the age group that saw almost 29 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:47,440 Speaker 2: doubling of complaints of memory problems, and so we attribute 30 00:01:47,440 --> 00:01:49,760 Speaker 2: it to age. And there is certainly you know, Alzheimer's 31 00:01:49,800 --> 00:01:53,320 Speaker 2: and other age related dementia, but people are there's other 32 00:01:53,440 --> 00:01:57,480 Speaker 2: factors besides age that go into memory, like sleep, you know, 33 00:01:57,600 --> 00:02:01,120 Speaker 2: like your diet and are the medications you take, how 34 00:02:01,200 --> 00:02:04,680 Speaker 2: much exercise you get, and these may be a reduction 35 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:07,160 Speaker 2: and those or alteration and those maybe having an effect 36 00:02:07,160 --> 00:02:08,280 Speaker 2: on the younger generation. 37 00:02:08,880 --> 00:02:12,400 Speaker 1: So we're not talking about changing treatment at all of 38 00:02:12,960 --> 00:02:15,960 Speaker 1: memory problems. It's just they're discovering a new group of 39 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:19,040 Speaker 1: people that there is an increase or at least evidence 40 00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:22,239 Speaker 1: that there's an increase of these problems occurring. Do I 41 00:02:22,280 --> 00:02:22,720 Speaker 1: have that right? 42 00:02:23,240 --> 00:02:26,360 Speaker 2: Yeah, exactly. And the other group besides the age group 43 00:02:26,480 --> 00:02:29,480 Speaker 2: was socioeconomics, so people with an income less than thirty 44 00:02:29,480 --> 00:02:32,000 Speaker 2: five thousand a year it went up by about fifty 45 00:02:32,040 --> 00:02:35,720 Speaker 2: percent compared to you know, people who are college graduates. 46 00:02:35,760 --> 00:02:38,919 Speaker 2: It went up very very minimally. And then same thing 47 00:02:38,960 --> 00:02:42,360 Speaker 2: with the race prevalence, that some minorities went up more 48 00:02:42,720 --> 00:02:45,600 Speaker 2: and others. So there's definitely this is just a signal 49 00:02:45,720 --> 00:02:48,639 Speaker 2: kind of study, and it's signaling that Wow, Okay, so 50 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:52,919 Speaker 2: in our lower socioeconomic work group, we may have problems 51 00:02:52,919 --> 00:02:56,919 Speaker 2: with memory, you know, with and we need to look 52 00:02:56,960 --> 00:02:57,200 Speaker 2: at that. 53 00:02:57,760 --> 00:03:02,920 Speaker 1: Yeah, Kono under thirty five thousand dollars a year income 54 00:03:03,040 --> 00:03:05,919 Speaker 1: memory problems, don't forget to come in tomorrow morning. Okay, 55 00:03:06,160 --> 00:03:10,000 Speaker 1: I already forgot. Oh he's already forgotten. He says. A 56 00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:15,960 Speaker 1: key biological difference between psychopaths and normal people. That is 57 00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:17,600 Speaker 1: a fun one. Please explain. 58 00:03:18,840 --> 00:03:22,359 Speaker 2: Yeah, So, you know, so the ted Bundies of the world, 59 00:03:22,440 --> 00:03:24,800 Speaker 2: the hannibal Lecters of the world, that type of thing. 60 00:03:26,440 --> 00:03:28,440 Speaker 2: And you've got to be careful with this kind of stuff, right, 61 00:03:28,480 --> 00:03:32,880 Speaker 2: because what we're showing is that there isn't just this 62 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:37,920 Speaker 2: isn't just choices, This also may have some physiologic you know, 63 00:03:38,320 --> 00:03:43,040 Speaker 2: basis for why people have a predisposition for psychopathy. Now, 64 00:03:43,080 --> 00:03:46,480 Speaker 2: remember being a psychopath, it's not like a diagnosis. There's 65 00:03:46,560 --> 00:03:49,000 Speaker 2: not there's not one thing that you get a test 66 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:53,520 Speaker 2: and it shows up. These people have a constellation of symptoms, 67 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:56,360 Speaker 2: some have more, some have less, and so you have 68 00:03:56,480 --> 00:04:02,040 Speaker 2: there's people that have degrees of psychopathy and so but 69 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:05,119 Speaker 2: what we're showing here is that it's not just choices. 70 00:04:05,320 --> 00:04:10,280 Speaker 2: It may actually also be physiologic. And that doesn't take 71 00:04:10,280 --> 00:04:12,800 Speaker 2: away accountability for people. And that's that's I think where 72 00:04:12,840 --> 00:04:14,880 Speaker 2: people go with this. Sometimes when you can show a 73 00:04:14,960 --> 00:04:17,760 Speaker 2: physical reason for something, for traits like. 74 00:04:17,760 --> 00:04:20,600 Speaker 1: This, Yeah, but showing a predisposition, I don't know what 75 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:25,719 Speaker 1: good that does. But do you find this out? Would 76 00:04:25,760 --> 00:04:28,000 Speaker 1: you find this out in a simple blood test? And 77 00:04:28,160 --> 00:04:32,040 Speaker 1: you look at the various genes that combine together, and 78 00:04:32,120 --> 00:04:36,279 Speaker 1: we know a lot of combination of genes cause predispositions. 79 00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:38,760 Speaker 1: You know, for example, if we took a blood test 80 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:41,560 Speaker 1: of Jeffrey Dahmer, you know, would we know what he's 81 00:04:41,600 --> 00:04:45,440 Speaker 1: going to have for breakfast? And can they? Can we 82 00:04:45,480 --> 00:04:46,039 Speaker 1: do that yet? 83 00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:50,680 Speaker 2: No, that's we're not at that level for sure. So 84 00:04:51,080 --> 00:04:53,719 Speaker 2: that's the point is that in this we can see 85 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:56,040 Speaker 2: that in this particular study, what they saw was in 86 00:04:56,240 --> 00:05:00,280 Speaker 2: MRIs an area of the brain called the straight is 87 00:05:00,600 --> 00:05:04,280 Speaker 2: much larger than the average person. And that's one area. 88 00:05:04,279 --> 00:05:06,719 Speaker 2: There have been other studies that show other brain areas 89 00:05:06,760 --> 00:05:11,720 Speaker 2: they're also more adapted or developed to be a psychopath 90 00:05:11,839 --> 00:05:15,480 Speaker 2: in these cases. So when you have again, when you're 91 00:05:15,520 --> 00:05:20,160 Speaker 2: scoring someone on a scale of psychopath the people that 92 00:05:20,200 --> 00:05:23,400 Speaker 2: score higher have larger areas like this. So maybe in 93 00:05:23,400 --> 00:05:26,680 Speaker 2: the future you could say you could scan someone and say, look, 94 00:05:26,880 --> 00:05:29,520 Speaker 2: this person is showing some of these traits, they have 95 00:05:29,720 --> 00:05:32,560 Speaker 2: some of the risk factors. They also have these findings 96 00:05:32,560 --> 00:05:35,440 Speaker 2: on MRI. We probably should intervene early and see what 97 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:38,480 Speaker 2: we can do as far as counseling or other things 98 00:05:38,560 --> 00:05:40,039 Speaker 2: to correct this condition. 99 00:05:40,440 --> 00:05:43,680 Speaker 1: Yeah, and I'm just looking at it practically, because you know, 100 00:05:43,680 --> 00:05:47,279 Speaker 1: if you're looking at whatever insert name of disease or 101 00:05:47,279 --> 00:05:51,279 Speaker 1: syndrome here that we know exists, there isn't a or 102 00:05:51,360 --> 00:05:53,839 Speaker 1: several blood tests on the planet that would go across 103 00:05:53,839 --> 00:05:56,480 Speaker 1: the board and show you exactly what the problem is. 104 00:05:56,480 --> 00:05:57,200 Speaker 1: Do I have that right? 105 00:05:58,279 --> 00:06:00,320 Speaker 2: Yeah, you're right. I mean, we tend to be we're 106 00:06:00,400 --> 00:06:03,800 Speaker 2: kind of a reductionist scientists and reductionist society. We want 107 00:06:03,839 --> 00:06:06,640 Speaker 2: to know. You know that you can get a test. 108 00:06:06,680 --> 00:06:09,760 Speaker 2: You know, there's certain diseases, you know, Huntington's Korea. You 109 00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:12,640 Speaker 2: get one test and it shows that you boy, you 110 00:06:12,720 --> 00:06:16,120 Speaker 2: probably have that, right, there's but things like diabetes are 111 00:06:16,200 --> 00:06:19,840 Speaker 2: multi factorial. There's not one test one thing. Now, of 112 00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:23,080 Speaker 2: course we diagnose it with one test of elevated blood sugar, 113 00:06:23,120 --> 00:06:25,680 Speaker 2: but that's the result, right, that's the end point. The 114 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:30,240 Speaker 2: things that lead to that have multiple different factors. 115 00:06:30,279 --> 00:06:34,840 Speaker 1: Involved m okay, finishing up with a new antibiotic that 116 00:06:35,040 --> 00:06:37,599 Speaker 1: was un quoting. You gave me the quote hiding and 117 00:06:37,680 --> 00:06:41,880 Speaker 1: playing site. Okay, what's for decades on my add So 118 00:06:42,160 --> 00:06:42,920 Speaker 1: what are you talking about? 119 00:06:42,960 --> 00:06:46,360 Speaker 2: Yeah, So this is interesting because what we do. So, 120 00:06:46,440 --> 00:06:49,320 Speaker 2: first of all, bacteria make antibiotics, and they do it 121 00:06:50,000 --> 00:06:52,880 Speaker 2: so that they can wipe out other bacteria and control 122 00:06:52,960 --> 00:06:55,839 Speaker 2: the environment. Right, it's it's a survival thing. So they're 123 00:06:55,920 --> 00:06:58,800 Speaker 2: resistant to it, but other bacteria may not be. So 124 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:01,320 Speaker 2: that's a source for us to get antibiotics. We look 125 00:07:01,320 --> 00:07:04,880 Speaker 2: at bacteria and we see what antibiotics they're using, and 126 00:07:04,920 --> 00:07:08,760 Speaker 2: then we combat bacteria with those antibiotics. So what we 127 00:07:08,880 --> 00:07:12,239 Speaker 2: usually though, look at is that final antibiotic that they produce. 128 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:15,760 Speaker 2: In this case, this was this is like making the 129 00:07:15,760 --> 00:07:18,120 Speaker 2: antibiotic is kind of like you know, baking a cake. 130 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:22,080 Speaker 2: There's there's there's levels too as you develop the chemical 131 00:07:22,240 --> 00:07:26,160 Speaker 2: within the organism, and we always look at the final product. 132 00:07:26,280 --> 00:07:29,080 Speaker 2: But imagine if you like, whip the eggs and whip 133 00:07:29,120 --> 00:07:33,320 Speaker 2: the whip the sugar together, and then you stop there 134 00:07:33,400 --> 00:07:37,240 Speaker 2: and now analyzed does that kill bacteria before we get 135 00:07:37,280 --> 00:07:40,640 Speaker 2: to the actual finished product of the cake? Right? And 136 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:43,200 Speaker 2: that's what they've done in this situation is they took 137 00:07:43,280 --> 00:07:46,040 Speaker 2: an intermediate and said, hey, wait a second, let's see 138 00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:48,120 Speaker 2: if this kills bacteria, and it kills it ten one 139 00:07:48,160 --> 00:07:51,320 Speaker 2: hundred times more powerfully than the final product did. 140 00:07:51,400 --> 00:07:51,760 Speaker 1: Wow. 141 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:54,920 Speaker 2: So this is almost a whole new area of research. 142 00:07:55,080 --> 00:07:57,280 Speaker 2: We now look at intermediates. 143 00:07:57,040 --> 00:08:00,800 Speaker 1: That sounds terrific. And are we talking about a bacteria 144 00:08:01,080 --> 00:08:05,240 Speaker 1: that is across the board, because I know certain bacteria 145 00:08:05,480 --> 00:08:10,280 Speaker 1: or certain antibiotics are limited to whatever disease is out there. 146 00:08:11,440 --> 00:08:15,560 Speaker 2: Right, Yeah, these are bacteria that are called Gram positive bacteria, 147 00:08:15,600 --> 00:08:18,840 Speaker 2: which is a whole category of serious bacteria that cause 148 00:08:18,880 --> 00:08:23,520 Speaker 2: serious infections. And do have resistance at times to bacteria, 149 00:08:23,600 --> 00:08:27,160 Speaker 2: and in this particular intermediate they exposed bacteria to it 150 00:08:27,240 --> 00:08:30,360 Speaker 2: over over a month and it still did not seem 151 00:08:30,400 --> 00:08:33,720 Speaker 2: to produce resistance at that point. So that's a good sign, 152 00:08:33,960 --> 00:08:36,959 Speaker 2: and you know, it just points to a potential future 153 00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:39,200 Speaker 2: source for new antibiotics. 154 00:08:39,400 --> 00:08:42,920 Speaker 1: All right, Jim, thank you. It's always great news. Actually 155 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:46,000 Speaker 1: sometimes you bring horrible news which I really like. We 156 00:08:46,040 --> 00:08:49,079 Speaker 1: will catch you next week at eight thirty with medical news. 157 00:08:49,400 --> 00:08:50,680 Speaker 2: Take care, all right, take care