1 00:00:00,160 --> 00:00:04,360 Speaker 1: It is The Jesse Kelly Show. Another hour of The 2 00:00:04,480 --> 00:00:08,920 Speaker 1: Jesse Kelly Show. On an amazing Tuesday. We had a 3 00:00:09,080 --> 00:00:11,600 Speaker 1: rip roar in first hour. If you missed any of that, 4 00:00:11,680 --> 00:00:14,600 Speaker 1: including the Crappiest Country in the World Championship, you gotta 5 00:00:14,640 --> 00:00:18,040 Speaker 1: go download the podcast. iHeart Spotify iTunes. We don't have 6 00:00:18,079 --> 00:00:20,239 Speaker 1: any time for anymore of that right now. In fact, 7 00:00:20,239 --> 00:00:22,880 Speaker 1: we don't even have any time for politics. Now. I 8 00:00:23,760 --> 00:00:27,720 Speaker 1: should remember I have to keep this in mind. This 9 00:00:27,800 --> 00:00:32,360 Speaker 1: is something that's easy to forget. Not everybody has been 10 00:00:32,440 --> 00:00:35,400 Speaker 1: listening for the seven years we've been on the air. 11 00:00:35,479 --> 00:00:39,280 Speaker 1: In fact, most have not. People come along relatively recently. 12 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:42,320 Speaker 1: So I need to explain something about me before I 13 00:00:42,479 --> 00:00:49,720 Speaker 1: derail the show. I love history, to be honest with you. 14 00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:55,680 Speaker 1: It's my favorite thing in the world. I love it. 15 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:58,440 Speaker 1: It is what I do in my spare time. I 16 00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:02,040 Speaker 1: read history books. I gobble up all the history information 17 00:01:02,160 --> 00:01:04,480 Speaker 1: I can. You want to hear the biggest old Man 18 00:01:04,560 --> 00:01:08,520 Speaker 1: Jesse thing in the world. I love museums. I'm don't 19 00:01:08,600 --> 00:01:13,759 Speaker 1: roll your eyes, Chris, I'm a museum guy. And occasionally 20 00:01:14,160 --> 00:01:16,319 Speaker 1: on The Jesse Kelly Show, I try to do it 21 00:01:16,360 --> 00:01:20,679 Speaker 1: every three or four weeks I would say, we take 22 00:01:20,800 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: time and I tell a history story about some sort 23 00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:32,720 Speaker 1: of historical event, battle, expedition of some kind, whatever happens 24 00:01:32,720 --> 00:01:35,080 Speaker 1: to interest me. And yeah, we take requests for them 25 00:01:35,160 --> 00:01:39,200 Speaker 1: and things like that. But I love it. I enjoy it. 26 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:42,319 Speaker 1: If we if you and me, if we could right 27 00:01:42,360 --> 00:01:44,759 Speaker 1: all the wrongs in this country, get rid of all 28 00:01:44,760 --> 00:01:47,800 Speaker 1: these dirty comies, I'd probably do history every single day. 29 00:01:48,360 --> 00:01:51,320 Speaker 1: That's how much. That's how much I genuinely enjoyed it. 30 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:53,640 Speaker 1: I'd quit and go just start a history podcast. But 31 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:57,840 Speaker 1: we got work to do now. Again. This is just 32 00:01:57,880 --> 00:02:01,720 Speaker 1: in case you are new. I do not always fit 33 00:02:01,800 --> 00:02:05,240 Speaker 1: it all in one show. This show is three hours long. 34 00:02:05,840 --> 00:02:08,080 Speaker 1: It depends on the history tale. I've had these things 35 00:02:08,120 --> 00:02:11,720 Speaker 1: stretch out three or four days. I'm just gonna go 36 00:02:11,760 --> 00:02:14,799 Speaker 1: in and tell you right now, the chances I'm able 37 00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:19,919 Speaker 1: to finish this entire thing tonight are It's almost zero. 38 00:02:20,040 --> 00:02:22,399 Speaker 1: It's probably zero. We'll come back and do some more 39 00:02:22,440 --> 00:02:27,720 Speaker 1: politics next hour. There's just so much background I want 40 00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:30,840 Speaker 1: to go into, and then the siege itself. It's a 41 00:02:30,840 --> 00:02:33,639 Speaker 1: little more complicated than some other things we've done. I 42 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:37,320 Speaker 1: have a lot a lot of reasons, but it's gonna 43 00:02:37,360 --> 00:02:40,160 Speaker 1: take a little bit and I'm gonna talk history. If 44 00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:42,400 Speaker 1: you don't like it, change the channel. I'll see you 45 00:02:42,400 --> 00:02:47,960 Speaker 1: next hour or tomorrow. I love it. Now, I want 46 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:54,600 Speaker 1: you to imagine something. I want you to imagine that 47 00:02:54,760 --> 00:03:01,720 Speaker 1: you are manning a cannon and obviously you are firing 48 00:03:01,919 --> 00:03:06,080 Speaker 1: cannon balls at the other side, and the other side 49 00:03:06,160 --> 00:03:12,080 Speaker 1: is firing cannon balls back at you. Not an ideal situation, 50 00:03:12,320 --> 00:03:18,799 Speaker 1: obviously a little bit frightening. Only you see their cannons 51 00:03:18,880 --> 00:03:24,679 Speaker 1: go off one day and you're thinking, uh, oh, I 52 00:03:24,840 --> 00:03:28,239 Speaker 1: better take cover. There's a cannonball come in my way. 53 00:03:29,520 --> 00:03:36,200 Speaker 1: Only after you duck down, you hear the cannon ball 54 00:03:36,320 --> 00:03:40,160 Speaker 1: land and it doesn't sound like the other cannon balls 55 00:03:40,200 --> 00:03:44,480 Speaker 1: at all. In fact, it made a kind of funny splat. 56 00:03:45,360 --> 00:03:49,120 Speaker 1: So you poke your head up to see what the 57 00:03:49,160 --> 00:03:54,600 Speaker 1: problem is, and you find out they didn't fire a 58 00:03:54,680 --> 00:03:59,800 Speaker 1: cannon ball this time, they fired your best friend's head. 59 00:04:00,200 --> 00:04:04,640 Speaker 1: You we are about to talk about one of the 60 00:04:04,760 --> 00:04:12,080 Speaker 1: nastiest sieges and most important sieges in human history. Honestly, 61 00:04:12,600 --> 00:04:17,000 Speaker 1: you can say this siege probably affects the world we 62 00:04:17,080 --> 00:04:20,880 Speaker 1: live in today, and the world we live in today 63 00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:25,280 Speaker 1: possibly would have been radically different What time period are 64 00:04:25,320 --> 00:04:29,359 Speaker 1: we in now? The Siege of Malta is in the 65 00:04:29,440 --> 00:04:31,320 Speaker 1: fifteen hundreds, and I'm about to give a bunch of 66 00:04:31,360 --> 00:04:33,800 Speaker 1: background on the two different sides. So just hang with 67 00:04:33,880 --> 00:04:36,919 Speaker 1: me for a moment. But it's important to understand just 68 00:04:37,120 --> 00:04:40,120 Speaker 1: some basics about the technology and the world we live 69 00:04:40,120 --> 00:04:43,240 Speaker 1: in in the fifteen hundreds, right, So this is post 70 00:04:43,279 --> 00:04:46,480 Speaker 1: Christopher Columbus. You got that fourteen ninety two and all that. 71 00:04:48,000 --> 00:04:52,120 Speaker 1: This is the era where there still have sailing ships. 72 00:04:52,360 --> 00:04:54,960 Speaker 1: Ships still have sales in them. So there's no engines 73 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:59,039 Speaker 1: and things like that. But it's not all bows and 74 00:04:59,160 --> 00:05:05,960 Speaker 1: arrows and sores words. However, there are crossbows, bows and 75 00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:10,800 Speaker 1: arrows and swords and they are employed a lot on 76 00:05:10,880 --> 00:05:14,320 Speaker 1: the battlefield. There are cannons, As I just pointed out, 77 00:05:15,240 --> 00:05:19,599 Speaker 1: each every major country will have cannons at their disposal, 78 00:05:20,080 --> 00:05:25,760 Speaker 1: and they have I'm gonna call them guns, muskets, you know, 79 00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:31,200 Speaker 1: old single shot things that they are the most basic 80 00:05:31,360 --> 00:05:38,280 Speaker 1: thing you have ever seen, gigantic, heavy, cumbersome, not very 81 00:05:38,400 --> 00:05:42,240 Speaker 1: accurate at all. We're look, you're not going to square 82 00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:46,000 Speaker 1: up against a guy who's two hundred yards away and 83 00:05:46,120 --> 00:05:50,240 Speaker 1: have a snowballs chance in you nowhere of hitting him 84 00:05:50,240 --> 00:05:52,960 Speaker 1: with these things. So yes, gunpowder and shot and those 85 00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:56,400 Speaker 1: things they do matter. It is important. But I wanted 86 00:05:56,400 --> 00:06:00,960 Speaker 1: you to understand we're still talking swords here, okay, lords, cannons, 87 00:06:01,440 --> 00:06:05,799 Speaker 1: old old old guns. Now, before we get to Malta, 88 00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:11,440 Speaker 1: I'm going to talk about two different sides Jerusalem. We're 89 00:06:11,480 --> 00:06:14,960 Speaker 1: gonna go way way, way, way way back. This is 90 00:06:15,040 --> 00:06:19,279 Speaker 1: about the year one thousand, and in fact, very close 91 00:06:19,320 --> 00:06:25,760 Speaker 1: to being exactly a thousand years ago. Jerusalem. You are 92 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:31,200 Speaker 1: well aware Jerusalem is considered a holy land for the 93 00:06:31,279 --> 00:06:36,799 Speaker 1: three largest religions on the planet, Christianity, Judaism and Islam. 94 00:06:37,160 --> 00:06:40,560 Speaker 1: That is the case today. If you go to Jerusalem today, 95 00:06:41,120 --> 00:06:44,960 Speaker 1: you will see all three represented there, and it was 96 00:06:45,200 --> 00:06:49,120 Speaker 1: very much the case back in this era. And the 97 00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:54,200 Speaker 1: Muslims and the Christians both have laid claim to it. 98 00:06:54,839 --> 00:06:59,080 Speaker 1: They want it to be theirs, and they're fighting over it. 99 00:06:59,240 --> 00:07:03,080 Speaker 1: This is the era of what is known as the Crusades. 100 00:07:03,120 --> 00:07:05,760 Speaker 1: I'm not going to do a bunch of Crusades history. 101 00:07:06,360 --> 00:07:10,200 Speaker 1: But you've heard of a pilgrimage, right you at least 102 00:07:10,280 --> 00:07:16,040 Speaker 1: understand what a pilgrimage is. Christians at this time will 103 00:07:16,040 --> 00:07:19,080 Speaker 1: make pilgrimages and the same way you would do today. 104 00:07:19,240 --> 00:07:20,920 Speaker 1: I guess you could argue what we did as a 105 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:23,720 Speaker 1: show a couple of years ago was a pilgrimage. You 106 00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:28,680 Speaker 1: are going to visit the holy sites of what you believe. 107 00:07:29,160 --> 00:07:34,560 Speaker 1: Muslims make pilgrimages there as well. Christians would make pilgrimages 108 00:07:34,960 --> 00:07:39,240 Speaker 1: to Jerusalem. While there, and remember there's all kinds of 109 00:07:39,240 --> 00:07:45,000 Speaker 1: fighting going on and ugly things. An order has been started. 110 00:07:45,040 --> 00:07:48,080 Speaker 1: What is an order exactly? I want you to think 111 00:07:48,120 --> 00:07:50,720 Speaker 1: of the Knights of Columbus. You've heard of the Knights 112 00:07:50,720 --> 00:07:53,360 Speaker 1: of Columbus. My father in law is a member of 113 00:07:53,360 --> 00:07:58,000 Speaker 1: the Knights of Columbus. What do they do well. They 114 00:07:58,120 --> 00:08:01,880 Speaker 1: serve the community in various ways. They'll give back, they 115 00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:08,400 Speaker 1: do fish fries. It's an order. Orders were a little 116 00:08:08,440 --> 00:08:10,120 Speaker 1: different back then. Now they did a lot of that 117 00:08:10,200 --> 00:08:12,520 Speaker 1: as well. But they could be they could be orders 118 00:08:12,560 --> 00:08:17,880 Speaker 1: of service, they could be military orders. An order begins 119 00:08:18,440 --> 00:08:23,200 Speaker 1: in Jerusalem in the year one thousand and It is 120 00:08:23,360 --> 00:08:28,960 Speaker 1: known as the Knights of Saint John, or the Knights 121 00:08:29,160 --> 00:08:33,480 Speaker 1: Hospitaller or the Knights Hospitaler, depending on how you want 122 00:08:33,520 --> 00:08:35,160 Speaker 1: to pronounce it. I'm going to tell you right now, 123 00:08:35,280 --> 00:08:37,760 Speaker 1: I picked the one that I thought was the coolest sounding, 124 00:08:37,960 --> 00:08:40,640 Speaker 1: and so it's the what I'm sticking with. The Knights 125 00:08:40,679 --> 00:08:43,480 Speaker 1: of Saint John is the one I'm sticking with. But knights, 126 00:08:43,520 --> 00:08:47,319 Speaker 1: hospital or hospitalery is a very very common way. It's 127 00:08:47,360 --> 00:08:52,280 Speaker 1: an order. It was not a military order. When it began, 128 00:08:53,280 --> 00:08:55,920 Speaker 1: you know the name hospital or hospital er, depending on 129 00:08:55,960 --> 00:09:00,760 Speaker 1: your accent. It was a hospital. They started a hospital 130 00:09:00,880 --> 00:09:06,000 Speaker 1: in Jerusalem. They did not only treat Christians or Jews 131 00:09:06,240 --> 00:09:12,120 Speaker 1: or Muslims. All were welcome. They started a hospital there. Hospitals. 132 00:09:12,520 --> 00:09:15,760 Speaker 1: We are used to hospitals being everywhere today, even if 133 00:09:15,800 --> 00:09:18,880 Speaker 1: you're in a rural area, there are hospitals twenty thirty 134 00:09:18,920 --> 00:09:20,959 Speaker 1: minutes from you. If you're in an urban area, you're 135 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:23,960 Speaker 1: probably ten minutes from a hospital. That is not the 136 00:09:24,040 --> 00:09:28,400 Speaker 1: case in the ancient world. They started a hospital to 137 00:09:28,679 --> 00:09:33,760 Speaker 1: care for the sick. But like I said, this was 138 00:09:33,800 --> 00:09:35,280 Speaker 1: an era where there was quite a bit of com 139 00:09:35,679 --> 00:09:37,480 Speaker 1: It still is, but there was quite a bit of 140 00:09:37,559 --> 00:09:42,559 Speaker 1: controversy over this chunk of ground. Wholly to the Muslims, 141 00:09:42,800 --> 00:09:45,920 Speaker 1: holy to the Christians. The Jews are not gonna they're 142 00:09:45,960 --> 00:09:47,560 Speaker 1: not going to play a major role in our story here. 143 00:09:47,600 --> 00:09:49,679 Speaker 1: So we're gonna set them aside right now. And they 144 00:09:49,720 --> 00:09:51,760 Speaker 1: were fighting over it, the Christians and the Muslims were 145 00:09:51,760 --> 00:09:56,240 Speaker 1: fighting over it. And if you were a Christian making 146 00:09:56,280 --> 00:10:02,400 Speaker 1: a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, remember flying in on United you 147 00:10:02,559 --> 00:10:06,400 Speaker 1: have to walk, ride a horse, ride a camel, and 148 00:10:06,480 --> 00:10:10,000 Speaker 1: it was a dangerous affair. We'll continue in a moment. 149 00:10:10,240 --> 00:10:14,760 Speaker 1: It is the Jesse Kelly Show on a wonderful Tuesday, 150 00:10:14,840 --> 00:10:17,520 Speaker 1: doing some history right now on the Siege of Malta. 151 00:10:17,559 --> 00:10:19,760 Speaker 1: If you're just joining us, don't worry. You just missed 152 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:23,840 Speaker 1: a touch of background on one of our two sides. 153 00:10:24,520 --> 00:10:28,600 Speaker 1: The Knights of Saint John or Nice Knights Hospitaller. They 154 00:10:28,679 --> 00:10:32,079 Speaker 1: start a hospital in Jerusalem around the year one thousand. 155 00:10:32,559 --> 00:10:37,160 Speaker 1: But Christians making the pilgrimage to Jerusalem at this time 156 00:10:37,600 --> 00:10:41,600 Speaker 1: they kept getting attacked, attacked by robbers, attacked by Muslims. 157 00:10:41,640 --> 00:10:44,640 Speaker 1: It was a problem. So the Knights and I should 158 00:10:44,640 --> 00:10:48,000 Speaker 1: pause real quick. Jewish producer Chris said something during the 159 00:10:48,040 --> 00:10:52,559 Speaker 1: break about the Knights Templar. There's a very famous this 160 00:10:52,600 --> 00:10:55,079 Speaker 1: is not them, this is not them. It's a no. 161 00:10:55,480 --> 00:10:57,520 Speaker 1: I wasn't insulting you, Chris, but a lot of people 162 00:10:57,520 --> 00:11:00,199 Speaker 1: would think are these the same nights. The Knights of 163 00:11:00,280 --> 00:11:04,600 Speaker 1: Saint John were a Catholic order very similar to the 164 00:11:04,640 --> 00:11:06,959 Speaker 1: Knights Templar. These are not them. This is a separate group, 165 00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:11,959 Speaker 1: all right. So they expand and they go from being 166 00:11:12,320 --> 00:11:17,120 Speaker 1: just a hospital just giving medical care to a military order. 167 00:11:18,080 --> 00:11:21,800 Speaker 1: Now they are a strict military order. They are funded 168 00:11:22,040 --> 00:11:25,719 Speaker 1: by various sources, and they are well trained, very very 169 00:11:25,720 --> 00:11:32,440 Speaker 1: good fighters. Eventually, during those crusades, the Muslims are led 170 00:11:32,480 --> 00:11:36,280 Speaker 1: by a man named Saladin. If you are ever, if 171 00:11:36,280 --> 00:11:40,880 Speaker 1: you are a history buffet, all know anything about the crusade, 172 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:44,480 Speaker 1: you will have heard of the name Saladein. Saladein was 173 00:11:44,520 --> 00:11:48,840 Speaker 1: a famous Muslim general, very very talented, and he won. 174 00:11:49,040 --> 00:11:53,240 Speaker 1: It became his And after he won, he took this 175 00:11:53,480 --> 00:11:57,280 Speaker 1: military order of knights and he kicked them out. He 176 00:11:57,440 --> 00:12:01,920 Speaker 1: kicked them out to a place called roads. Now we're 177 00:12:01,920 --> 00:12:05,080 Speaker 1: going to pause for just a moment. The Knights of 178 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:07,920 Speaker 1: Saint John are on a place called Roads. In case 179 00:12:07,960 --> 00:12:11,360 Speaker 1: you're wondering where this is. This is important for our story. 180 00:12:11,480 --> 00:12:12,960 Speaker 1: Like I said, there's going to be a lot more 181 00:12:13,360 --> 00:12:16,880 Speaker 1: background in location here to try to explain who's who 182 00:12:16,880 --> 00:12:19,040 Speaker 1: and what's what and where we are and I know 183 00:12:19,080 --> 00:12:23,240 Speaker 1: you're listening, not looking at it. So the Mediterranean. You 184 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:25,800 Speaker 1: know about the Mediterranean, you're at least aware of it. 185 00:12:25,840 --> 00:12:28,360 Speaker 1: That's where Greece and Italy and all the southern France, 186 00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:32,920 Speaker 1: southern Spain, that's where all those things are. But Italy, 187 00:12:34,080 --> 00:12:40,120 Speaker 1: Southern Spain, Southern France. That is the Western Mediterranean. The 188 00:12:40,320 --> 00:12:46,079 Speaker 1: Eastern Mediterranean is Greece, and this is where Turkey is located, 189 00:12:46,120 --> 00:12:50,760 Speaker 1: all right, So that's the Eastern Mediterranean. The Mediterranean has 190 00:12:51,080 --> 00:12:55,760 Speaker 1: always since boats have gotten onto the water, the Mediterranean 191 00:12:55,880 --> 00:13:01,680 Speaker 1: has been prized choice territory. You want the Mediterranean to 192 00:13:01,760 --> 00:13:04,720 Speaker 1: ship goods and men, and you want to be able 193 00:13:04,760 --> 00:13:08,559 Speaker 1: to ship things to and fro. The Mediterranean is prime 194 00:13:08,600 --> 00:13:11,120 Speaker 1: real estate, and it is still prime real estate to 195 00:13:11,160 --> 00:13:13,680 Speaker 1: this day. You want to be able to own the waves, 196 00:13:13,920 --> 00:13:15,800 Speaker 1: own the shores on those waves. By the way, I 197 00:13:15,800 --> 00:13:20,000 Speaker 1: should note northern Africa. This is all part of the Mediterranean. 198 00:13:20,679 --> 00:13:23,560 Speaker 1: Now that brings us to the Ottoman Empire. I'm not 199 00:13:23,559 --> 00:13:25,840 Speaker 1: going to go into the whole background on the Ottoman Empire. 200 00:13:26,040 --> 00:13:28,520 Speaker 1: We've done a bit of them before and we'll probably 201 00:13:28,559 --> 00:13:30,520 Speaker 1: do a bit of them again because they're a fascinating, 202 00:13:30,559 --> 00:13:35,120 Speaker 1: powerful empire. They rose up and they began to conquer 203 00:13:35,200 --> 00:13:40,319 Speaker 1: the world around them. Very very powerful, very very smart, 204 00:13:40,960 --> 00:13:46,280 Speaker 1: science heavy, really sharp empire that was run in a 205 00:13:46,320 --> 00:13:52,240 Speaker 1: really sharp way. And they're Muslim. What was Europe? Europe 206 00:13:52,440 --> 00:13:57,480 Speaker 1: was Catholic slash Christian. Honestly during the era we're in, 207 00:13:58,040 --> 00:14:01,959 Speaker 1: that's when Protestantism and the Catholics were starting to kill 208 00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:03,280 Speaker 1: each other. We're not going to go in any of that. 209 00:14:03,720 --> 00:14:06,200 Speaker 1: I'm going to dumb this down and just say Europe 210 00:14:06,240 --> 00:14:10,920 Speaker 1: was Catholic at this time. Okay, Europe's Catholic, Europe's Christian 211 00:14:11,040 --> 00:14:16,400 Speaker 1: or whatever. The Ottomans are Muslim. That may mean nothing 212 00:14:16,440 --> 00:14:18,679 Speaker 1: to you, maybe you have no belief system or whatever, 213 00:14:18,760 --> 00:14:21,440 Speaker 1: but that is not at all important to our story. 214 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:26,360 Speaker 1: What is important to our story is it meant everything 215 00:14:26,800 --> 00:14:30,840 Speaker 1: to both sides. For the Ottomans as they rose up 216 00:14:30,880 --> 00:14:33,240 Speaker 1: and they began to conquer really the Muslim world. They 217 00:14:33,240 --> 00:14:37,160 Speaker 1: were conquering much of the Muslim world, pulling them under 218 00:14:37,200 --> 00:14:43,320 Speaker 1: the Ottoman umbrella. They were selling themselves and viewed themselves 219 00:14:43,520 --> 00:14:47,320 Speaker 1: as we are the protectors of Islam. We are the 220 00:14:47,320 --> 00:14:50,920 Speaker 1: ones who will spread Islam, we will protect the people 221 00:14:51,000 --> 00:14:54,200 Speaker 1: of Islam. And for a very very very long time. 222 00:14:54,480 --> 00:14:56,840 Speaker 1: The Ottomans saw themselves that way, and many people in 223 00:14:56,880 --> 00:15:01,320 Speaker 1: the Islamic world saw themselves that way. Now, as the 224 00:15:01,360 --> 00:15:07,240 Speaker 1: Ottoman Empire, this Islamic Empire was rising, Christian Europe, Catholic 225 00:15:07,360 --> 00:15:13,320 Speaker 1: Europe was afraid, and understandably so. It wasn't an ungrounded fear. 226 00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:17,400 Speaker 1: The Ottoman Empire was spreading and conquering and spreading and conquering. 227 00:15:17,680 --> 00:15:19,400 Speaker 1: And there was an event which we've done before. I'm 228 00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:23,920 Speaker 1: not going to go into it. The Byzantine Empire or 229 00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:27,560 Speaker 1: the Eastern Roman Empire, depending they would have called themselves Roman. 230 00:15:28,120 --> 00:15:33,600 Speaker 1: They had Constantinople. It was really the center of Christianity 231 00:15:33,640 --> 00:15:37,880 Speaker 1: at the time, and in the fourteen hundreds, the Ottoman 232 00:15:37,960 --> 00:15:42,800 Speaker 1: Empire took the center of Christianity at this time. Whatever 233 00:15:42,880 --> 00:15:46,080 Speaker 1: your belief system is, I want you to picture what 234 00:15:46,120 --> 00:15:50,760 Speaker 1: you consider to be maybe your most holy or cherished place. 235 00:15:52,040 --> 00:15:55,960 Speaker 1: Imagine it falling to what you consider to be your 236 00:15:56,040 --> 00:16:03,680 Speaker 1: religious mortal enemy. The fall of constant Antinople rocked and 237 00:16:04,080 --> 00:16:08,040 Speaker 1: brought a whole lot of fear into Christian Europe. These Muslims, 238 00:16:08,240 --> 00:16:10,680 Speaker 1: are they gonna come kill us all? Are they gonna? 239 00:16:10,760 --> 00:16:14,000 Speaker 1: Are they gonna come bring Islam and force it into 240 00:16:14,040 --> 00:16:17,560 Speaker 1: all of Europe. They're so powerful, how do we stop them? 241 00:16:17,640 --> 00:16:22,520 Speaker 1: So this happened in the fourteen hundreds. Now something else 242 00:16:22,560 --> 00:16:26,800 Speaker 1: had happened then. Remember I said that the Knights of 243 00:16:26,880 --> 00:16:30,760 Speaker 1: Saint John were sent to Rhodes, and we'll get to 244 00:16:30,760 --> 00:16:34,000 Speaker 1: that in a moment. Jesse Calishow dot Com. We're doing 245 00:16:34,040 --> 00:16:36,680 Speaker 1: a little history on the siege of Malta and I 246 00:16:36,760 --> 00:16:38,720 Speaker 1: realize they're a bit a bit a thousand of them. 247 00:16:38,760 --> 00:16:41,520 Speaker 1: So we're talking about the one in fifteen sixty five. Okay, 248 00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:43,720 Speaker 1: just to spoil it, but we're not quite there yet. 249 00:16:43,920 --> 00:16:46,479 Speaker 1: The Knights of Saint John get kicked out of Jerusalem 250 00:16:46,840 --> 00:16:50,080 Speaker 1: when the Muslims conquer it, and they get sent to Rhodes. 251 00:16:50,680 --> 00:16:54,840 Speaker 1: But they don't just sit around on roads. They fortify roads. 252 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:57,560 Speaker 1: Now here's the important part. I just talked about the 253 00:16:57,600 --> 00:17:02,720 Speaker 1: Ottoman Empire expanding and growing, spanning and growing. They are 254 00:17:02,760 --> 00:17:08,280 Speaker 1: in the Eastern Mediterranean at this time. Rhodes is over 255 00:17:08,320 --> 00:17:14,520 Speaker 1: there in Greece in the Eastern Mediterranean. They attack roads, 256 00:17:14,760 --> 00:17:19,640 Speaker 1: the Ottoman Empire does. The Knights of Saint John were 257 00:17:19,680 --> 00:17:22,880 Speaker 1: not chumps, as we will continue to find out. They 258 00:17:22,880 --> 00:17:27,480 Speaker 1: were hard as nails, and for them this was a 259 00:17:27,520 --> 00:17:32,920 Speaker 1: deeply religious conflict. They saw themselves as being the protectors 260 00:17:32,920 --> 00:17:36,359 Speaker 1: of Christenedom, the protectors of the Catholic Church, the protectors 261 00:17:36,400 --> 00:17:38,439 Speaker 1: of people who believe in Jesus. In the same way 262 00:17:38,480 --> 00:17:40,919 Speaker 1: the Autumn saw. Ottomans saw themselves as you know, the 263 00:17:40,960 --> 00:17:44,879 Speaker 1: sword of Islam, all those things they attacked roads. The 264 00:17:45,040 --> 00:17:52,560 Speaker 1: Knights fight so valiantly that the big cheese of the 265 00:17:52,600 --> 00:17:58,560 Speaker 1: Ottoman Empire says, hey, by the way, his name is Suliman. 266 00:17:58,600 --> 00:18:00,280 Speaker 1: I probably should go ahead and name him. I try 267 00:18:00,320 --> 00:18:02,159 Speaker 1: not to give you too many details and names, but 268 00:18:02,320 --> 00:18:07,040 Speaker 1: Suliman the Magnificent, I'm sure he nicknamed himself. Suliman the 269 00:18:07,080 --> 00:18:12,200 Speaker 1: Magnificent is so impressed by how valiant the Knights fight 270 00:18:13,240 --> 00:18:16,880 Speaker 1: he does not wipe them all out. When he defeats 271 00:18:16,920 --> 00:18:20,440 Speaker 1: them at Rhodes, he says, you know, you guys fought 272 00:18:20,520 --> 00:18:25,720 Speaker 1: like lions. I respect that, so you may go. He 273 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:30,240 Speaker 1: grants them clemency and safe passage for their bravery. So 274 00:18:30,280 --> 00:18:33,880 Speaker 1: anyone he hadn't already killed, he says, you can go. Well, 275 00:18:33,920 --> 00:18:38,119 Speaker 1: now you have the Knights of Saint John, this religious order, 276 00:18:38,800 --> 00:18:42,639 Speaker 1: and they don't have a home, so they are given 277 00:18:42,680 --> 00:18:47,240 Speaker 1: a home by Christian Europe. Their home is a place 278 00:18:47,359 --> 00:18:52,760 Speaker 1: known as Malta. Where is Malta. Here's where it is. 279 00:18:53,320 --> 00:18:56,080 Speaker 1: You know, I told you there's an Eastern Mediterranean and 280 00:18:56,119 --> 00:18:59,120 Speaker 1: a Western Mediterranean. Don't worry if you don't have it memorized, 281 00:18:59,160 --> 00:19:01,960 Speaker 1: it's not important. There's an eastern half and there's a 282 00:19:01,960 --> 00:19:06,080 Speaker 1: western half. You know, Italy, that boot that comes down, 283 00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:10,320 Speaker 1: and then there's that huge island, Sicily that's right off 284 00:19:10,359 --> 00:19:12,720 Speaker 1: the toe of that boot. Right to the west of 285 00:19:12,760 --> 00:19:21,480 Speaker 1: that boot. Right below Sicily, there is a frankly, pretty desolate, 286 00:19:22,119 --> 00:19:26,840 Speaker 1: crappy piece of rock called Malta. So when the Knights 287 00:19:26,880 --> 00:19:30,399 Speaker 1: of Saint John were given Malta, you should understand a 288 00:19:30,440 --> 00:19:35,199 Speaker 1: couple things. This was not exactly a luxurious post. But 289 00:19:35,280 --> 00:19:38,000 Speaker 1: they were people without a home at this time, and 290 00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:44,600 Speaker 1: there were Maltese people on Malta who weren't necessarily given 291 00:19:45,119 --> 00:19:48,600 Speaker 1: a choice in this whole thing. The knights were given 292 00:19:48,640 --> 00:19:52,560 Speaker 1: this place, and the knights stepped in and they made 293 00:19:52,600 --> 00:19:56,639 Speaker 1: it their home. Now, I already told you the Ottomans 294 00:19:56,680 --> 00:20:00,840 Speaker 1: were expanding. They were coming. They were coming west towards Europe. 295 00:20:01,320 --> 00:20:04,560 Speaker 1: They were moving from the east to the west. They 296 00:20:04,560 --> 00:20:08,879 Speaker 1: were already taking over places like Hungary. Christian Europe is 297 00:20:08,920 --> 00:20:12,879 Speaker 1: not only divided in fighting itself, they are deathly afraid 298 00:20:13,520 --> 00:20:18,960 Speaker 1: of the Ottomans who are coming the Ottomans. The Ottomans 299 00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:22,000 Speaker 1: as they seize more and more control of the Mediterranean, 300 00:20:23,160 --> 00:20:25,760 Speaker 1: they are taking over. I already told you how important 301 00:20:25,760 --> 00:20:29,600 Speaker 1: the Mediterranean is today and was in yesteryear. They are 302 00:20:29,640 --> 00:20:34,600 Speaker 1: taking over valuable sea lanes, and they're now getting stupid 303 00:20:34,640 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: wealthy shipping goods and services back and forth across the Mediterranean. 304 00:20:40,160 --> 00:20:46,720 Speaker 1: So you're a knight, you're in Malta. What do you do? Well, 305 00:20:46,760 --> 00:20:50,679 Speaker 1: you're on an island. You're there to protect Europe. The 306 00:20:50,720 --> 00:20:55,479 Speaker 1: Ottomans are the Muslims are your sworn enemy. You need 307 00:20:55,520 --> 00:20:58,600 Speaker 1: to build up the fortifications of the island and then 308 00:20:58,640 --> 00:21:02,119 Speaker 1: get your butt on a boat and you need to 309 00:21:02,119 --> 00:21:06,639 Speaker 1: go make life very very miserable for the Ottomans. And 310 00:21:06,800 --> 00:21:10,520 Speaker 1: they do. The Knights essentially, they kept calling them, They 311 00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:14,280 Speaker 1: call them corsairs. You've ever heard that term corsair? Corsair? 312 00:21:14,440 --> 00:21:18,800 Speaker 1: You know what a corsair is. It's a pirate's it's 313 00:21:18,800 --> 00:21:20,879 Speaker 1: a pirate. When you don't want to call somebody a pirate, 314 00:21:21,240 --> 00:21:26,680 Speaker 1: The Knights sail forth and they start creating nightmares for 315 00:21:26,760 --> 00:21:34,120 Speaker 1: the Ottomans, raiding ships, raiding goods, kidnapping people. They are stealing, 316 00:21:34,240 --> 00:21:41,040 Speaker 1: essentially stealing now, I already said Suliman, the magnificent big 317 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:45,080 Speaker 1: Cheese of the Ottoman Empire. He had previously let the 318 00:21:45,119 --> 00:21:48,600 Speaker 1: Ottomans go, or let them sorry, he had previously let 319 00:21:48,640 --> 00:21:51,520 Speaker 1: the Knights of Saint John go. He had given them clemency. 320 00:21:52,480 --> 00:21:57,679 Speaker 1: He was displeased, to put it mildly, to find out 321 00:21:57,760 --> 00:22:00,600 Speaker 1: that the Knights of Saint John, who he had let go, 322 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:05,760 Speaker 1: we're now raiding his ships and making his life miserable. 323 00:22:06,280 --> 00:22:08,760 Speaker 1: He thought that was completely out of line. And frankly, 324 00:22:08,760 --> 00:22:12,520 Speaker 1: he probably has a pretty good point, but that's not important. 325 00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:18,600 Speaker 1: What is important is this, Suliman not only goes down 326 00:22:18,640 --> 00:22:22,399 Speaker 1: to Northern Africa and takes over the portion of Northern 327 00:22:22,400 --> 00:22:26,719 Speaker 1: Africa the Knights had. Word gets back to the knights. 328 00:22:26,800 --> 00:22:29,320 Speaker 1: You see, this is every era is an era of 329 00:22:29,359 --> 00:22:34,400 Speaker 1: intelligence gathering and spying. I already said. The Ottoman Empire 330 00:22:34,440 --> 00:22:38,679 Speaker 1: had taken over Constantinople, it's known today as Istanbul. They 331 00:22:38,720 --> 00:22:41,320 Speaker 1: had taken over Constantinople, that was the capital of the 332 00:22:41,320 --> 00:22:45,520 Speaker 1: Ottoman Empire. Word got back to the Knights on Malta 333 00:22:46,200 --> 00:22:53,080 Speaker 1: that Suliman the Magnificent was building a large fleet. The Knights. 334 00:22:53,480 --> 00:22:56,560 Speaker 1: It didn't exactly take a genius to figure out what 335 00:22:56,800 --> 00:23:01,560 Speaker 1: he was planning on doing with that fleet. They figured 336 00:23:01,560 --> 00:23:04,960 Speaker 1: out he was coming, and they knew it was going 337 00:23:05,040 --> 00:23:08,560 Speaker 1: to be large. They knew that he was going to 338 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:14,480 Speaker 1: be coming to take Malta from them. So now I 339 00:23:14,560 --> 00:23:16,680 Speaker 1: have to do something, and I'm probably gonna have to 340 00:23:16,760 --> 00:23:19,119 Speaker 1: do this a couple of times, but I try to 341 00:23:19,160 --> 00:23:21,880 Speaker 1: make sure you can visualize what we're dealing with here, 342 00:23:22,200 --> 00:23:25,560 Speaker 1: and this is probably the most complicated thing I will 343 00:23:25,560 --> 00:23:29,600 Speaker 1: ever have you visualize. So I'm going to simplify it. Okay, 344 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:35,239 Speaker 1: you know what pac Man looks like. Everybody knows what 345 00:23:35,280 --> 00:23:37,639 Speaker 1: pac Man looks like. He got it, pac Man. If 346 00:23:37,680 --> 00:23:39,320 Speaker 1: you don't know what pac Man looks like, I can't 347 00:23:39,359 --> 00:23:43,000 Speaker 1: help you. Okay, pac Man. I want you to picture 348 00:23:43,119 --> 00:23:47,280 Speaker 1: pac Man and his mouth is open to the right, 349 00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:50,080 Speaker 1: all right, His mouth is open to the right. For 350 00:23:50,200 --> 00:23:54,320 Speaker 1: simplicity purposes, this is going to be our Malta. Okay, 351 00:23:54,800 --> 00:23:57,359 Speaker 1: you have your pack pat Man, pac Man pictured in 352 00:23:57,400 --> 00:24:04,679 Speaker 1: your head. Now, pac Man on his lower jaw towards 353 00:24:04,760 --> 00:24:09,480 Speaker 1: the back of his lower jaw. He has two teeth. 354 00:24:10,280 --> 00:24:13,359 Speaker 1: They're close to each other. They're both coming out of 355 00:24:13,359 --> 00:24:17,159 Speaker 1: his lower jaw. He has two teeth. You with me. 356 00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:22,119 Speaker 1: There are four locations that are going to matter for 357 00:24:22,160 --> 00:24:24,520 Speaker 1: the siege of Malta. The siege of Malta is not 358 00:24:24,760 --> 00:24:29,960 Speaker 1: one gigantic fortress. It's a big, desolate, crappy island. It 359 00:24:30,080 --> 00:24:34,600 Speaker 1: is four locations. There is one. Don't worry about memorizing 360 00:24:34,600 --> 00:24:37,800 Speaker 1: all this, so I'll keep covering it again. There's one 361 00:24:37,840 --> 00:24:41,680 Speaker 1: on pac Man's nose, up by where his nose would be. 362 00:24:42,880 --> 00:24:46,000 Speaker 1: This is going to be the site of a lot 363 00:24:46,040 --> 00:24:49,359 Speaker 1: of nastiness. This is called the Fort of Saint Elmo. 364 00:24:49,600 --> 00:24:53,080 Speaker 1: Don't worry about memorizing the names the teeth down to 365 00:24:53,160 --> 00:24:55,960 Speaker 1: the teeth. The teeth have names, which we'll get to. 366 00:24:56,080 --> 00:24:58,080 Speaker 1: That's not important. I'll get to those in a little 367 00:24:58,080 --> 00:25:04,800 Speaker 1: bit now. The fourth location is his tonsils, way back 368 00:25:04,840 --> 00:25:06,440 Speaker 1: in the back of his mouth. And again I'm making 369 00:25:06,480 --> 00:25:10,119 Speaker 1: this very simple. M Dina is what it's called. So 370 00:25:10,200 --> 00:25:15,360 Speaker 1: you have his nose, two teeth, and his tonsils. That 371 00:25:15,920 --> 00:25:21,240 Speaker 1: those are the four locations of the four fortifications on 372 00:25:21,440 --> 00:25:26,160 Speaker 1: Malta and the Ottomans are coming and there's a lot 373 00:25:26,200 --> 00:25:29,960 Speaker 1: of them, and the Knights have to get ready. We'll 374 00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:34,440 Speaker 1: continue in a moment. It is the Jesse Kelly's Show 375 00:25:34,640 --> 00:25:38,080 Speaker 1: on a Fantastic Tuesday. Remember you can email the show 376 00:25:38,240 --> 00:25:42,000 Speaker 1: Jesse at Jesse kellyshow dot com. As we as we 377 00:25:42,080 --> 00:25:44,720 Speaker 1: go over the Siege of Malta. So that was a 378 00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:47,879 Speaker 1: little bit of the background. The Knights of Saint John 379 00:25:48,000 --> 00:25:52,080 Speaker 1: are digging in on Malta. They know the Ottoman Empire 380 00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:55,800 Speaker 1: is coming with the massive invasion fleet, and so they 381 00:25:55,840 --> 00:26:00,720 Speaker 1: begin to fortify the island. The four locations I already 382 00:26:00,760 --> 00:26:04,560 Speaker 1: discussed just for your reference in case you're interested, it 383 00:26:04,720 --> 00:26:11,000 Speaker 1: is the Fort Saint Elmo, Seglia, Burgo and m Dina. 384 00:26:11,160 --> 00:26:14,200 Speaker 1: Don't worry about those four locations. Don't worry about the names. 385 00:26:14,280 --> 00:26:17,119 Speaker 1: Just know there are four locations. For now, we're going 386 00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:20,520 Speaker 1: to focus on a couple different things. How are they 387 00:26:20,560 --> 00:26:24,320 Speaker 1: planning on fighting this? What are the Ottomans bringing first? 388 00:26:25,359 --> 00:26:29,000 Speaker 1: The Knights of Saint John on Malta. They understand there's 389 00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:33,280 Speaker 1: very little chance for them to win without help. Now, 390 00:26:33,320 --> 00:26:36,840 Speaker 1: I already said Europe it was not a unified place then, 391 00:26:36,920 --> 00:26:39,679 Speaker 1: it's not a unified place now. But back then it 392 00:26:39,800 --> 00:26:44,200 Speaker 1: was really really not unified. The Knights were sending out 393 00:26:44,359 --> 00:26:48,960 Speaker 1: essentially help wanted letters. They were reaching out to the pope, 394 00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:52,120 Speaker 1: they were reaching out to kings. Hey I need troops, 395 00:26:52,600 --> 00:26:55,480 Speaker 1: I need help, I need boats that the Ottomans are coming, 396 00:26:55,520 --> 00:27:00,280 Speaker 1: the Muslims are coming. Help, please send help. They are 397 00:27:00,359 --> 00:27:05,760 Speaker 1: not getting rejected. I should clarify. But everyone they're asking 398 00:27:05,840 --> 00:27:10,680 Speaker 1: for help from, they're most definitely dragging their feet. Oh hey, 399 00:27:10,680 --> 00:27:13,760 Speaker 1: you need some help. Yeah, well, you know, I got 400 00:27:13,760 --> 00:27:16,440 Speaker 1: to move some things around. We'll get on that at 401 00:27:16,440 --> 00:27:18,679 Speaker 1: some point in time. Keep in mind, they're desperate, they 402 00:27:18,720 --> 00:27:21,720 Speaker 1: need help. Now, what kind of numbers are we talking 403 00:27:21,720 --> 00:27:27,359 Speaker 1: about here? About seven hundred knights. That number will be 404 00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:31,560 Speaker 1: disputed no matter what source you read, but traditionally it's 405 00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:35,159 Speaker 1: thought to be about seven hundred knights. There are some 406 00:27:35,320 --> 00:27:38,159 Speaker 1: civilians on the island, as I pointed out, and there 407 00:27:38,240 --> 00:27:43,120 Speaker 1: are some other troops a few thousand who aren't knights. 408 00:27:44,400 --> 00:27:48,800 Speaker 1: Remember the Siege of Malta is normally it's sold as 409 00:27:49,119 --> 00:27:54,879 Speaker 1: seven hundred Knights versus thirty thousand Ottomans, and the Knights 410 00:27:54,880 --> 00:27:58,919 Speaker 1: had some help, but the Knights were most definitely the biggest, strongest, toughest. 411 00:27:58,960 --> 00:28:00,800 Speaker 1: They were the leaders of this whole thing. So that's 412 00:28:00,840 --> 00:28:02,800 Speaker 1: what they had. Now I gave the game away a 413 00:28:02,880 --> 00:28:07,919 Speaker 1: little thirty thousand ottomans. They're crossing the sea. They have 414 00:28:08,640 --> 00:28:13,240 Speaker 1: these gigantic galleys. Picture this, This is a galley. Is 415 00:28:13,280 --> 00:28:22,080 Speaker 1: a big ship. Eight hundred people on one ship. Even 416 00:28:22,160 --> 00:28:26,960 Speaker 1: if you picture old sailing ships as large, that's amazingly large. 417 00:28:27,440 --> 00:28:32,960 Speaker 1: They not only have sails, they have oars. Who mans 418 00:28:33,040 --> 00:28:38,120 Speaker 1: the oars slaves? Remember slavery. I know your history professor 419 00:28:38,240 --> 00:28:41,000 Speaker 1: told you that America was the only person, the only 420 00:28:41,040 --> 00:28:44,360 Speaker 1: country that ever participated in it. No, it has always existed, 421 00:28:44,800 --> 00:28:48,080 Speaker 1: will always exist, exists to this day as well. And 422 00:28:48,240 --> 00:28:51,680 Speaker 1: some of the worst slavery I've ever read about are 423 00:28:51,920 --> 00:28:55,920 Speaker 1: galley slaves. You are down in the bows of a ship. 424 00:28:56,360 --> 00:29:00,400 Speaker 1: It is nasty, it is smelly, Disease is every where. 425 00:29:00,680 --> 00:29:04,320 Speaker 1: The work is absolutely brutal. So anyway, these huge ships 426 00:29:04,600 --> 00:29:09,520 Speaker 1: are coming across the ocean. There are two different commanders 427 00:29:09,600 --> 00:29:14,320 Speaker 1: on this ship. Before they even get to Malta, they 428 00:29:14,360 --> 00:29:17,800 Speaker 1: are fighting with each other. They end up in a 429 00:29:17,920 --> 00:29:22,600 Speaker 1: nice little squabble. Generals have egos too, so that's already 430 00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:26,080 Speaker 1: a problem. But shouldn't be a big issue, right because 431 00:29:26,120 --> 00:29:30,080 Speaker 1: they obviously outnumber the Knights. There aren't that many of them. 432 00:29:30,360 --> 00:29:33,440 Speaker 1: In case you're wondering, pause, what were they arguing about. 433 00:29:33,480 --> 00:29:36,000 Speaker 1: Where They argued about a lot, but one of the 434 00:29:36,040 --> 00:29:38,640 Speaker 1: main things they were arguing about is, Okay, we have 435 00:29:38,720 --> 00:29:42,920 Speaker 1: these four locations on Malta. We have pac Man's nose, 436 00:29:43,920 --> 00:29:47,480 Speaker 1: his tonsils and the two teeth, and his bottom jaw. 437 00:29:48,600 --> 00:29:52,720 Speaker 1: What do we attack first? The guy who was in charge, 438 00:29:53,640 --> 00:29:57,440 Speaker 1: the guy who won the argument, he wanted to attacks 439 00:29:57,480 --> 00:30:03,560 Speaker 1: Fort Saint Elmo to attack pac Man's nose. So they 440 00:30:03,640 --> 00:30:09,600 Speaker 1: show up, they land their ships on there, and they 441 00:30:09,640 --> 00:30:14,680 Speaker 1: start bombarding this fort. Now, maybe you think this fort 442 00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:19,840 Speaker 1: is completely impregnable. Nothing could be further from the truth. 443 00:30:20,280 --> 00:30:24,040 Speaker 1: This fort is not impressive at all. It is not. 444 00:30:24,200 --> 00:30:26,920 Speaker 1: It is a fort, and the Knights have known they 445 00:30:26,920 --> 00:30:30,280 Speaker 1: are coming, so they're building it up. But this is 446 00:30:30,400 --> 00:30:37,280 Speaker 1: not some gigantic, impregnable fortress. The Ottoman's land right around 447 00:30:37,400 --> 00:30:40,720 Speaker 1: pac Mans i'd say, his forehead. They land their boats, 448 00:30:40,920 --> 00:30:44,000 Speaker 1: they land their troops, they put all their cannons out there, 449 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:48,440 Speaker 1: and they start firing their cannons at Fort Saint Elmo 450 00:30:49,080 --> 00:30:55,240 Speaker 1: while the cannons are firing. They are digging trenches. In 451 00:30:55,360 --> 00:30:59,800 Speaker 1: case you're wondering, historically this is one of the most 452 00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:06,480 Speaker 1: ways to take a fortified city, not just tunnels, but trenches. 453 00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:10,200 Speaker 1: How does this work. Here's an example of how trenches work. 454 00:31:11,120 --> 00:31:14,280 Speaker 1: You obviously cannot just get in the ground with a 455 00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:18,280 Speaker 1: shovel and start digging in a straight line towards a 456 00:31:18,360 --> 00:31:21,440 Speaker 1: fort because then they're going to take their cannons and 457 00:31:21,560 --> 00:31:23,880 Speaker 1: their guns and they're just gonna shoot it down the 458 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:28,480 Speaker 1: trench and murder everybody. So you instead you have to 459 00:31:28,640 --> 00:31:33,520 Speaker 1: zigzag back and forth, back and forth, essentially keeping the 460 00:31:33,640 --> 00:31:39,120 Speaker 1: trench always as a wall between you and the guns 461 00:31:39,120 --> 00:31:44,360 Speaker 1: that are on the fortification. Well, right away we are 462 00:31:44,440 --> 00:31:48,280 Speaker 1: seeing a problem the Ottomans are going to have. I 463 00:31:48,320 --> 00:31:52,920 Speaker 1: already pointed out that Malta is crappy, it's wind swept, 464 00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:55,640 Speaker 1: it's a rock. We're not talking about a lush place 465 00:31:57,480 --> 00:32:01,040 Speaker 1: before the Ottomans got there. The man in charge of 466 00:32:01,080 --> 00:32:03,080 Speaker 1: the Knights, it's the last name I'm gonna give you, 467 00:32:03,680 --> 00:32:08,040 Speaker 1: dave Lette is his name. He is the top knight, Davallette. Yes, 468 00:32:08,120 --> 00:32:10,200 Speaker 1: in case you're wondering, he is French. Don't hold that 469 00:32:10,240 --> 00:32:13,719 Speaker 1: against him, dave Lette, the man in charge of the knights. 470 00:32:14,760 --> 00:32:18,719 Speaker 1: He goes and he finds all the houses, all the food, 471 00:32:19,160 --> 00:32:23,560 Speaker 1: all the live stock around Malta, and he burns down 472 00:32:23,600 --> 00:32:28,200 Speaker 1: the houses, takes down everything, takes the food, and brings 473 00:32:28,520 --> 00:32:34,280 Speaker 1: all the stuff inside of the fortifications. A thirty thousand 474 00:32:34,400 --> 00:32:39,160 Speaker 1: man army from the Ottoman's lands, and there's nothing for 475 00:32:39,240 --> 00:32:41,440 Speaker 1: them to find to eat. They have to bring it 476 00:32:41,480 --> 00:32:46,680 Speaker 1: all with them. Now we will pause right there, and 477 00:32:46,720 --> 00:32:48,080 Speaker 1: we'll continue again tomorrow