1 00:00:01,840 --> 00:00:04,320 Speaker 1: The only way to bag a classy lady is to 2 00:00:04,360 --> 00:00:06,400 Speaker 1: give her two tickets to the gun show. 3 00:00:06,480 --> 00:00:10,160 Speaker 2: This Monday Gun Day with the gun Guy. Swatch up 4 00:00:10,200 --> 00:00:10,760 Speaker 2: with the guns. 5 00:00:11,280 --> 00:00:12,040 Speaker 1: They'll get the. 6 00:00:12,200 --> 00:00:14,760 Speaker 2: Guy stop calling your arms. 7 00:00:14,840 --> 00:00:22,000 Speaker 1: Gunn Show. Jason Hammer right over there with a very 8 00:00:22,040 --> 00:00:26,479 Speaker 1: special guest on the hot line to a instructor, to 9 00:00:27,000 --> 00:00:30,080 Speaker 1: a attorney, and a damn fine American. 10 00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:33,120 Speaker 3: He's the host of the Gun Guys Show. He is 11 00:00:33,360 --> 00:00:35,239 Speaker 3: Guy Ralford. Guy, how are you? 12 00:00:35,520 --> 00:00:37,640 Speaker 2: I am great and thanks as always to our sponsor 13 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:40,680 Speaker 2: for Monday Gunday. That's Premiere Arms in Brownsburg with the 14 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:44,040 Speaker 2: largest selection of new use and historic firearms in the Midwest. 15 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:47,000 Speaker 2: And pH lud is located in the farmhouse right out front. 16 00:00:47,200 --> 00:00:49,120 Speaker 2: Check them out at thirty seven and fifty four South 17 00:00:49,159 --> 00:00:52,400 Speaker 2: Green Street in Brownsburg or Premiere Arms dot com. 18 00:00:52,840 --> 00:00:56,520 Speaker 3: Guy, We're still seeing lots of protests taking place after 19 00:00:56,680 --> 00:01:01,319 Speaker 3: Alex Pretty's shooting up in Minneso. So I think it's 20 00:01:01,320 --> 00:01:04,919 Speaker 3: a good time to maybe remind everybody what the rules 21 00:01:04,920 --> 00:01:10,200 Speaker 3: are in Indiana when it comes to firearms protests and 22 00:01:10,520 --> 00:01:11,960 Speaker 3: encountering law enforcement. 23 00:01:13,400 --> 00:01:16,720 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a great question. First of all, you know, 24 00:01:16,880 --> 00:01:20,800 Speaker 2: we obviously respect the Second Amendment, here in Indiana unlike 25 00:01:20,800 --> 00:01:24,040 Speaker 2: a lot of other states, and we have very few 26 00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:27,679 Speaker 2: restrictions on the ability for law abiding people to carry 27 00:01:27,680 --> 00:01:30,839 Speaker 2: their firearms. There is no law in Indiana that says 28 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:34,000 Speaker 2: you can't carry a gun at a protest. I saw 29 00:01:34,200 --> 00:01:37,720 Speaker 2: Senator Rabbit or excuse me, Governor Arabbit in Texas just 30 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:40,040 Speaker 2: came out late last week and said, hey, I want 31 00:01:40,080 --> 00:01:42,160 Speaker 2: to make it very clear there's a Second Amendment right 32 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:45,600 Speaker 2: to carry your gun at a protest or otherwise in Texas. 33 00:01:46,280 --> 00:01:48,880 Speaker 2: The key though, and you guys and I have discussed 34 00:01:48,880 --> 00:01:51,280 Speaker 2: this a little bit, is you don't at any time, 35 00:01:51,440 --> 00:01:54,960 Speaker 2: especially any kind of a confrontation with law enforcement, you 36 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:58,400 Speaker 2: don't want to do anything that creates the impression that 37 00:01:58,440 --> 00:02:01,320 Speaker 2: you're a threat to that officer. So can you lawfully 38 00:02:01,360 --> 00:02:03,520 Speaker 2: carry a gun? You bet? Do you want to touch 39 00:02:03,560 --> 00:02:05,040 Speaker 2: the gun, put your hand on the gun, do you 40 00:02:05,240 --> 00:02:08,200 Speaker 2: refer to the guns, running with the gun, do anything 41 00:02:08,200 --> 00:02:10,799 Speaker 2: that looks like you're presenting a risk to an officer 42 00:02:10,919 --> 00:02:14,040 Speaker 2: or otherwise to anyone else. Of course not. Those are 43 00:02:14,240 --> 00:02:17,920 Speaker 2: things that responsible gun owners are going to know and 44 00:02:18,040 --> 00:02:21,800 Speaker 2: understand and have no problem complying with. But it starts 45 00:02:21,840 --> 00:02:24,720 Speaker 2: with you know, there's a lot of internet bs out 46 00:02:24,760 --> 00:02:26,600 Speaker 2: there saying, well, it's illegal to carry a gun at 47 00:02:26,600 --> 00:02:29,960 Speaker 2: a protest. Well, it's certainly not an Indiana Okay. 48 00:02:30,040 --> 00:02:32,720 Speaker 3: So here's a question on behalf of those people that 49 00:02:32,800 --> 00:02:37,880 Speaker 3: say that, is it illegal to use a weapon against 50 00:02:38,320 --> 00:02:42,040 Speaker 3: law enforcement to defend yourself? Right, Let's say that I'm 51 00:02:42,080 --> 00:02:46,000 Speaker 3: some sort of left wing blue hair protester, I'm mister 52 00:02:46,120 --> 00:02:50,000 Speaker 3: anti Ice, and I'm out on Monument Circle and I've 53 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:52,880 Speaker 3: got a police officer coming up, and I fear for 54 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:56,000 Speaker 3: my life. Can I use at any point if I 55 00:02:56,040 --> 00:02:58,960 Speaker 3: fear for my life my legal firearm. 56 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:03,120 Speaker 2: It's really interesting because Indiana, a number of years back, 57 00:03:03,280 --> 00:03:05,720 Speaker 2: we had an Indiana Supreme Court case that came out 58 00:03:05,760 --> 00:03:08,760 Speaker 2: and said, you know, even if a police officer is 59 00:03:08,880 --> 00:03:12,720 Speaker 2: unlawfully entering your home, that was the context of this case, 60 00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:15,840 Speaker 2: in this case, entering a home without a warrant, And 61 00:03:15,840 --> 00:03:18,360 Speaker 2: the Supreme Court of Indiana said, even if even if 62 00:03:18,400 --> 00:03:21,880 Speaker 2: an officer is entering your home illegally, you can't put 63 00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:23,560 Speaker 2: your hands on them. You can't use any kind of 64 00:03:23,680 --> 00:03:26,160 Speaker 2: force against a police officer. And a lot of people 65 00:03:26,160 --> 00:03:28,440 Speaker 2: got really upset about that ruin, and in fact, the 66 00:03:28,440 --> 00:03:31,959 Speaker 2: Attorney General's Office even asked for the Indiana Supreme Court 67 00:03:32,080 --> 00:03:35,200 Speaker 2: to review that on what's called rehearing and decide whether 68 00:03:35,200 --> 00:03:37,840 Speaker 2: they really intended to go that far. And Supreme Court 69 00:03:37,880 --> 00:03:40,120 Speaker 2: came out again and said, yep, we said what we said. 70 00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:43,080 Speaker 2: We don't want force being used against police officers even 71 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:46,760 Speaker 2: when they're acting unlawfully, and if the legislature doesn't like that, 72 00:03:46,760 --> 00:03:49,320 Speaker 2: they can change the self defense Statute. Well, the very 73 00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:52,000 Speaker 2: next session of the Indiana General Assembly, what did the 74 00:03:52,080 --> 00:03:55,600 Speaker 2: legislature do? They changed the self Defense Statute and in 75 00:03:55,600 --> 00:03:58,640 Speaker 2: there now are two whole sections of the self Defense 76 00:03:58,640 --> 00:04:01,520 Speaker 2: Statute that referred to the use of force in self 77 00:04:01,560 --> 00:04:07,000 Speaker 2: defense against law enforcement officers. And to answer your question, 78 00:04:07,120 --> 00:04:09,640 Speaker 2: there's a very very limited as it should be, obviously, 79 00:04:09,720 --> 00:04:12,760 Speaker 2: and we're not advocating, right and would never advocate for 80 00:04:12,800 --> 00:04:14,800 Speaker 2: the use of force against police officers. And you and 81 00:04:14,840 --> 00:04:18,960 Speaker 2: I you guys, and I see IDI completely on that, obviously, 82 00:04:19,360 --> 00:04:23,200 Speaker 2: But there's a very narrow sliver of situations where you 83 00:04:23,240 --> 00:04:27,440 Speaker 2: can't actually use or including deadly force against a police officer. 84 00:04:27,440 --> 00:04:29,800 Speaker 2: And that's where first you have to reasonably believe that 85 00:04:29,839 --> 00:04:34,719 Speaker 2: officer is acting either unlawfully or outside of their official duties. 86 00:04:35,080 --> 00:04:38,200 Speaker 2: That's very important. Unlawfully or outside of their official duties. 87 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:40,880 Speaker 2: So if it's an officer acting lawfully and he's doing 88 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:44,120 Speaker 2: his job or her job, then then all bets are 89 00:04:44,160 --> 00:04:46,040 Speaker 2: off no force against that police officer. 90 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:47,920 Speaker 3: Right if i'mna jump in here real quick, God, let 91 00:04:47,920 --> 00:04:50,360 Speaker 3: me jump in here real quick. That means, even if 92 00:04:50,400 --> 00:04:54,400 Speaker 3: you don't like ICE, ICE is the law right. ICE 93 00:04:54,480 --> 00:04:57,000 Speaker 3: has a right to be there. You might not like them, 94 00:04:57,240 --> 00:05:00,400 Speaker 3: So that means that because you don't like an officer 95 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:03,320 Speaker 3: that's an ICE agent, that becomes irrelevant if they have 96 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:04,680 Speaker 3: a legal right to be there. 97 00:05:04,720 --> 00:05:05,400 Speaker 1: Is that correct. 98 00:05:05,880 --> 00:05:08,000 Speaker 2: That's a great point and a scenario of what you're 99 00:05:08,000 --> 00:05:10,600 Speaker 2: talking about, Jason, because you're hundred percent right, is they 100 00:05:10,640 --> 00:05:13,360 Speaker 2: have a warrant, and they have a warrant, They kick 101 00:05:13,440 --> 00:05:15,400 Speaker 2: in your door, they come in at night. They're clearly 102 00:05:15,560 --> 00:05:18,800 Speaker 2: ICE officers that they identified as such. You don't like 103 00:05:18,839 --> 00:05:20,520 Speaker 2: any of that, but hey, they have a warrant that 104 00:05:20,800 --> 00:05:24,200 Speaker 2: justifies and authorizes what they're doing. You got to let 105 00:05:24,240 --> 00:05:27,000 Speaker 2: them do their job. But in this situation where they're 106 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:30,240 Speaker 2: acting either unlawfully or outside of their official duties, and 107 00:05:31,480 --> 00:05:35,000 Speaker 2: force is necessary to prevent serious bodily injury to you 108 00:05:35,160 --> 00:05:38,880 Speaker 2: or another person then and only then under Indiana's statute. 109 00:05:38,960 --> 00:05:41,080 Speaker 2: And this is all under Indiana Code thirty five DASH 110 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:44,000 Speaker 2: forty one, DESK three, DESH two and a couple of subsections. 111 00:05:44,240 --> 00:05:46,920 Speaker 2: Go look those up and it says, in that narrow 112 00:05:47,560 --> 00:05:51,279 Speaker 2: slivery of situations, then you can actually use force against 113 00:05:51,279 --> 00:05:54,200 Speaker 2: a police officer in Indiana, and that that's been the 114 00:05:54,279 --> 00:05:56,279 Speaker 2: law for I'd say in the last twelve years or so. 115 00:05:56,720 --> 00:05:58,720 Speaker 3: One more thing on this topic and then we'll move on. 116 00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:00,440 Speaker 3: But I think this is really interesting and I think 117 00:06:00,440 --> 00:06:04,520 Speaker 3: it's informative for our listeners. Comment on our YouTube chat 118 00:06:04,600 --> 00:06:08,560 Speaker 3: right now, what if the protest becomes a riot at 119 00:06:08,600 --> 00:06:10,240 Speaker 3: some point, does that change anything? 120 00:06:10,320 --> 00:06:13,960 Speaker 2: Yeah, Well, in a riot police officers, first of all, 121 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:16,560 Speaker 2: they're going to have that much more heightened awareness. They're 122 00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:19,800 Speaker 2: going to be that much more concerned about risks, especially 123 00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:23,000 Speaker 2: where people are already using force against officers. People are 124 00:06:23,040 --> 00:06:26,640 Speaker 2: assaulting officers, throwing stuff at officers. Now all of a sudden, 125 00:06:26,800 --> 00:06:30,400 Speaker 2: you know, their situational awareness is off the charts. They're 126 00:06:30,480 --> 00:06:33,680 Speaker 2: concerned for their own safety is at a heightened level. Now, 127 00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:36,679 Speaker 2: you do anything that presents a risk to those officers, 128 00:06:36,720 --> 00:06:39,960 Speaker 2: they're going to respond that much more quickly when they're 129 00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:43,400 Speaker 2: in a dangerous situation like a riot now is illegal. 130 00:06:43,920 --> 00:06:46,359 Speaker 2: If I'm carrying a gun at a protest and a 131 00:06:46,440 --> 00:06:48,840 Speaker 2: riot breaks out, am I suddenly breaking the law because 132 00:06:48,839 --> 00:06:50,680 Speaker 2: I've got a gun in a holster. No, of course not. 133 00:06:51,120 --> 00:06:55,279 Speaker 2: But that emphasizes and increases the importance of what we 134 00:06:55,320 --> 00:06:58,279 Speaker 2: talked about earlier, which is, don't do anything that presents 135 00:06:58,279 --> 00:07:00,680 Speaker 2: a risk to those officers, because they're going to be 136 00:07:00,760 --> 00:07:04,000 Speaker 2: obviously very very concerned about their own safety, their fellow 137 00:07:04,040 --> 00:07:06,240 Speaker 2: officers safety wants a riot breaks up. 138 00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:09,000 Speaker 1: And guy, what about And this definition that I have 139 00:07:09,120 --> 00:07:11,360 Speaker 1: might be different than the definition of you have, but 140 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:14,720 Speaker 1: I'm going to say this word open carry. So in 141 00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:18,760 Speaker 1: other words, it's not like you have a handgun in 142 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:22,040 Speaker 1: your holster underneath your jacket. It's one of those guys 143 00:07:22,040 --> 00:07:25,200 Speaker 1: that is out protesting with a long gun that is 144 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:28,280 Speaker 1: strapped to his body that he's holding, and he's a demonstrator. 145 00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:32,280 Speaker 1: He's a protester, maybe even an agitator does And I'm 146 00:07:32,360 --> 00:07:34,440 Speaker 1: sure the laws are different from state to state, but 147 00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:38,040 Speaker 1: here in Indiana, I'm much more concerned when I see that. 148 00:07:38,160 --> 00:07:40,240 Speaker 1: I don't know why, I just like you know, there 149 00:07:40,240 --> 00:07:42,320 Speaker 1: are those guys as sometimes you refer to him his 150 00:07:42,400 --> 00:07:45,120 Speaker 1: knuckle heads, that had the legal right to open carry 151 00:07:45,160 --> 00:07:47,920 Speaker 1: with the long gun across their chest. But is it 152 00:07:48,080 --> 00:07:51,960 Speaker 1: necessarily beneficial to anybody? Does that change a perspective at all? 153 00:07:53,240 --> 00:07:56,440 Speaker 2: Well, it changes it in the sense that a lot 154 00:07:56,480 --> 00:07:59,280 Speaker 2: of folks And then what you're describing is people especially 155 00:07:59,320 --> 00:08:01,280 Speaker 2: have a long gun like an ar on what we 156 00:08:01,320 --> 00:08:05,360 Speaker 2: call it taxling and or you know, a sling that 157 00:08:05,640 --> 00:08:08,960 Speaker 2: basically holds the gun in the low ready position. And 158 00:08:09,080 --> 00:08:10,880 Speaker 2: a lot of times people carry those and they've already 159 00:08:10,880 --> 00:08:13,040 Speaker 2: got one hand on the pistol grip of the gun 160 00:08:13,040 --> 00:08:15,360 Speaker 2: and their other hand on the fore end four end 161 00:08:15,400 --> 00:08:18,320 Speaker 2: of the gun, the handguard of the gun, and so 162 00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:21,440 Speaker 2: they're they're very very close to a firing position. They're 163 00:08:21,440 --> 00:08:23,440 Speaker 2: not pointing the gun at anybody. It's still pointing at 164 00:08:23,440 --> 00:08:26,880 Speaker 2: the ground, but it's that sort of the low ready 165 00:08:26,920 --> 00:08:30,040 Speaker 2: and it's very very easy to very quickly take that 166 00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:32,520 Speaker 2: gun from that position. You don't have to take it 167 00:08:32,559 --> 00:08:34,480 Speaker 2: off the sling. You don't have to take the sling 168 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:37,560 Speaker 2: you off from around your neck. You can just pivot 169 00:08:37,600 --> 00:08:40,480 Speaker 2: the gun up to a firing position very very quickly. 170 00:08:40,520 --> 00:08:42,200 Speaker 2: That's why they make slings that hold the gun in 171 00:08:42,240 --> 00:08:46,360 Speaker 2: that position. That increases that I think that the risk 172 00:08:46,440 --> 00:08:48,600 Speaker 2: that someone's going to see you as a potential threat 173 00:08:48,920 --> 00:08:50,920 Speaker 2: where you already have your hands on the gun, the 174 00:08:50,920 --> 00:08:53,599 Speaker 2: gun's very close to a firing position. That to me, 175 00:08:53,800 --> 00:08:56,880 Speaker 2: increases the risks for everybody involved. It increases the risk 176 00:08:56,920 --> 00:09:00,360 Speaker 2: of police officers to that individual who may be perceived 177 00:09:00,400 --> 00:09:02,800 Speaker 2: as a threat. And that's where you got to You 178 00:09:02,880 --> 00:09:06,320 Speaker 2: got to mix in. And I know this is your point, notige. 179 00:09:06,720 --> 00:09:08,400 Speaker 2: You got to mix in not only what's your legal 180 00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:11,600 Speaker 2: right to do, but what's smarter to the circumstances, especially 181 00:09:11,679 --> 00:09:14,199 Speaker 2: when violence has been breaking out of a lot of 182 00:09:14,240 --> 00:09:15,120 Speaker 2: these protests. 183 00:09:15,440 --> 00:09:19,720 Speaker 3: Guy, thank god we live in Indiana and not New York. 184 00:09:20,040 --> 00:09:23,600 Speaker 3: We've got our problems. We've got some wishy washy lay 185 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:26,880 Speaker 3: Mass Republicans. I get it, But you look at New 186 00:09:26,960 --> 00:09:31,160 Speaker 3: York lunatic governor. The biggest city is a socialist mayor. 187 00:09:31,480 --> 00:09:33,640 Speaker 3: So needless to say, they're not going to be real 188 00:09:33,920 --> 00:09:38,320 Speaker 3: to a friendly con brings us to what happened at 189 00:09:38,440 --> 00:09:41,720 Speaker 3: Laguardi Airport with a former NFL player. 190 00:09:41,800 --> 00:09:45,880 Speaker 2: Yeah, no, current off lineman for the Green Bay Packers, 191 00:09:45,960 --> 00:09:49,240 Speaker 2: Rush he'd walker started at left tackle this year for 192 00:09:49,320 --> 00:09:52,360 Speaker 2: the packers. You know, no indication this guy's ever been 193 00:09:52,400 --> 00:09:56,880 Speaker 2: a problem for anybody. Upstanding citizen, owns a firearm in Wisconsin, 194 00:09:57,040 --> 00:10:01,000 Speaker 2: has a license to carry a handgun in Wisconsin. But 195 00:10:01,080 --> 00:10:04,280 Speaker 2: he's in New York. He's getting on an airplane at LaGuardia. 196 00:10:04,840 --> 00:10:08,400 Speaker 2: He declares an unloaded firearm in a locked box in 197 00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:11,960 Speaker 2: his luggage, which TSA says, you can carry with an 198 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:15,560 Speaker 2: unloaded firearm in a locked box in your in your 199 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:18,280 Speaker 2: check in your checked bags. And so he does what 200 00:10:18,320 --> 00:10:21,160 Speaker 2: he believes he's supposed to do, declares the gun. They're 201 00:10:21,200 --> 00:10:25,400 Speaker 2: at the ticket counter and a Laguardian police officer steps 202 00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:28,760 Speaker 2: up and wants to see his New York license to carry. 203 00:10:28,960 --> 00:10:30,240 Speaker 2: He goes, well, I don't have one. I just have 204 00:10:30,360 --> 00:10:32,960 Speaker 2: one in Wisconsin. They put him in handcuffs and arrest 205 00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:36,440 Speaker 2: him on felony charges. And this guy's looking at he 206 00:10:36,440 --> 00:10:40,960 Speaker 2: gets present having a handgun in New York. 207 00:10:41,600 --> 00:10:44,640 Speaker 1: That is so re damned deculously, what do you think's 208 00:10:44,640 --> 00:10:47,679 Speaker 1: gonna happen here? Within a sixty second? I mean, like, realistically, 209 00:10:47,720 --> 00:10:48,400 Speaker 1: what's gonna happen? 210 00:10:48,559 --> 00:10:51,360 Speaker 2: Guy? You know, it's tough to say because New York 211 00:10:51,400 --> 00:10:54,520 Speaker 2: is unapologetic about this man, I mean in New Jersey 212 00:10:54,640 --> 00:10:56,520 Speaker 2: is the same way. There have been people that have 213 00:10:56,559 --> 00:10:59,599 Speaker 2: been diverted into New Jersey or New York because of 214 00:10:59,720 --> 00:11:02,520 Speaker 2: bad whether they get stuck there overnight and the exact 215 00:11:02,520 --> 00:11:05,760 Speaker 2: same thing happens. They come back and go to recheck 216 00:11:05,800 --> 00:11:08,200 Speaker 2: their bags, right, they take get taken to jail. They go, 217 00:11:08,320 --> 00:11:10,079 Speaker 2: I didn't even want to come to New York and 218 00:11:10,400 --> 00:11:15,120 Speaker 2: I got diverted here, and so no, they'll they'll, if 219 00:11:15,200 --> 00:11:17,640 Speaker 2: history holds true, they'll go after him and try to 220 00:11:17,679 --> 00:11:19,040 Speaker 2: tag him with felony charges. 221 00:11:19,440 --> 00:11:21,719 Speaker 3: Guy, if somebody wants to reach out to you, how 222 00:11:21,720 --> 00:11:22,440 Speaker 3: can they find you. 223 00:11:22,679 --> 00:11:25,920 Speaker 2: Their website is Relfordlaw dot com. In contracts to the website, 224 00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:27,959 Speaker 2: or reach out on Twitter or x give me a 225 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:30,560 Speaker 2: follow on there as well. I'm just at Guy Relford 226 00:11:30,600 --> 00:11:32,280 Speaker 2: on X got You're the best. 227 00:11:32,280 --> 00:11:33,160 Speaker 3: We appreciate you. 228 00:11:33,320 --> 00:11:33,880 Speaker 2: Thanks, guys,