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Speaker 1: You're listening to the Saturday Morning with Jack team podcast

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Speaker 1: from News Talks.

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Speaker 2: That'd be Yeah, measles numbers in New Zealand have been

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Speaker 2: increasing a little bit lately, but in the US things

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Speaker 2: have been a whole lot worse. Doctor Brian Betty is

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Speaker 2: here with us this morning.

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Speaker 3: Calder Brian, Oh, cure Jack, Nice to be here.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So, you know, you look at this case. I

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Speaker 2: think it was the last week right where someone was

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Speaker 2: traveling on a theory from Wayhiki and had measles and

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Speaker 2: then all of a sudden, you can, you know, do

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Speaker 2: the contact tracing thing, and there are potentially hundreds of people,

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Speaker 2: if not thousands if you leave it a little bit,

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Speaker 2: who have been exposed. But it is incredibly infectious, right ah.

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Speaker 3: Look, and yeah, the side of things I think we

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Speaker 3: need to talk about because it's the basic fact that

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Speaker 3: that measles is one of the most contagious infectious diseases

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Speaker 3: nine to man now, which means that that someone with

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Speaker 3: mes was going into a public space, spreads the disease

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Speaker 3: through the air and a for great so there's something

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Speaker 3: called a reproduction number, and for measles, that one infectious

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Speaker 3: person if they walk into a room can spread it

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Speaker 3: to up to twelve to eighteen people, different people, so

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Speaker 3: incredibly infectious. So just in comparison, COVID had a reproduction

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Speaker 3: number of two to three. Influenza is one point three.

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Speaker 3: So measles sitting at twelve to eighteen is completely off

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Speaker 3: the scale, which is why we get so concerned about

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Speaker 3: someone with measles on a very in and Wayhik, you're

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Speaker 3: walking into a supermarket. Now. The other thing about it,

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Speaker 3: which which is really important, that four days before the

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Speaker 3: symptoms come on, you're infectious, so you don't know you've

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Speaker 3: got it and infectious and that's probably what happened in

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Speaker 3: this case. And dang, way you go.

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Speaker 2: It's like perfect, perfect stormy when you have something incredibly

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Speaker 2: infectious and you don't know you have it because it

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Speaker 2: takes your infectious before all of the symptoms start to

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Speaker 2: rear the ugly heads. I think people will remember the

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Speaker 2: you know, the our value from the good old COVID

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Speaker 2: days right to get the other man you under one, Yes,

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Speaker 2: that's right, but I mean this is you know, twelve

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Speaker 2: to eighteen is just as crazy. So why is it

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Speaker 2: such a particular concern in New Zealand?

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Speaker 3: Well, look, I mean, you know, you know, it is

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Speaker 3: true that for the majority of children or cases for measles,

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Speaker 3: it'll be a relatively mild, mild to severe disease. Most

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Speaker 3: will get better of better. Proud However, people consider a

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Speaker 3: lot of people consider it a benign disease. But it's

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Speaker 3: not benign. This is the thing about it. So if

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Speaker 3: we go back to twenty nineteen when there was the

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Speaker 3: last big outbreak, you know, seven hundred children under the

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Speaker 3: age of five ended up in hospital in New Zealand, Okay,

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Speaker 3: one hundred of them under the age of one where

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Speaker 3: they have no protection whatsoever, and eighty died in Samoa.

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Speaker 3: We were very, very lucky not to have deaths in

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Speaker 3: New Zealand because there can be serious complications. So that

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Speaker 3: includes dehydration, pneumonia and actually brain swelling. So this is

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Speaker 3: a real, real worry with measles. That's why we get

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Speaker 3: so concerned. It's infectious and you can get these serious events.

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Speaker 3: But in New Zealand we have this low immunization rate.

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Speaker 3: It's been a problem since COVID. We're sitting down around

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Speaker 3: eighty percent. Maori children are sitting around sixty nine percent,

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Speaker 3: So a large number of our tamaiki are not protected

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Speaker 3: against measles at the moment. We need a rate of

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Speaker 3: about ninety five percent to have what we call herd

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Speaker 3: immunity where we protect the community against measles. We're a

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Speaker 3: long way off. This type of outbreak causes real concern.

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Speaker 2: How do you actually recognize it?

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Speaker 3: Yeah, Look, I mean the symptoms usually occur about one

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Speaker 3: to week two weeks after exposure, and often what you

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Speaker 3: start to see is suddenly a high fever, running nose, red,

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Speaker 3: watery eyes in particular, so this sort of conjunctivirus type

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Speaker 3: thing and a rash. Now, the rash is very typical.

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Speaker 3: It starts around the face or behind the years and

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Speaker 3: then starts to spread down over the body, and it's

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Speaker 3: red and very very distinctive in terms of what it does.

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Speaker 3: You may get also tiny white spots in the mouth.

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Speaker 3: We call those complex spots now, so that's how you

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Speaker 3: start to notice it. So if you suspect measles, the

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Speaker 3: big thing is don't go to your medical center, ring

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Speaker 3: up and get medical advice, because you don't want walk

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Speaker 3: into the waiting room spread it really really important. You

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Speaker 3: don't want to go to an emergency department and spread

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Speaker 3: it so important to bring ahead and get advice on

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Speaker 3: what to do. And that's incredibly important. And they're not

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Speaker 3: respect measles.

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Speaker 2: If you do have measles, there's no rights of treatment

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Speaker 2: as us right, you just have to try and treat

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Speaker 2: the symptoms.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, look, you've got to treat the symptoms. There is

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Speaker 3: no treatment, so you treat the symptoms. And again, as

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Speaker 3: I said, in the majority of cases, look rest fluids,

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Speaker 3: staying at home so you don't spread it. Paracetamol you know,

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Speaker 3: we'll do the job if it gets more severe in

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Speaker 3: terms of dehydration, not being able to drink, you've got

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Speaker 3: concerns about cough or what's going on or your child,

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Speaker 3: you do need to drink and get advice. That's what's

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Speaker 3: really really important. So stay in touch with medical help

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Speaker 3: if you are concerned. But the only real way of

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Speaker 3: protecting against beatles, because we can't treat it, is immunization.

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Speaker 3: So immunization the MMR is actually really really critically important,

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Speaker 3: and especially if we've got an outbreak like this.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, no, that's such good advice. I don't think it's

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Speaker 2: quite your mema yet. He's not at that stage. But

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Speaker 2: my son turns three months old. Today. So we have

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Speaker 2: on Monday the second round of jabs. It's such.

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Speaker 3: Isn't it.

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Speaker 2: So you've got to go along and you know, like

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Speaker 2: as mum feeds him as he gets his jabs.

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Speaker 3: But yeah, yeah, poor little thing, but I mean looks

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Speaker 3: so so important. Yeah, I hear what you're saying. Jack.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a tough I mean, obviously, you know we

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Speaker 2: don't need to do it, of course, you know, we

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Speaker 2: we want to keep him as safe as possible. But yeah,

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Speaker 2: still it's not an occasion that I'm looking forward to this. Yeah, hey,

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Speaker 2: thank you so much, Brian. We really appreciate it and

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Speaker 2: such an import message arouandom minization. So you take care

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Speaker 2: and we will catch you again very soon.

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