1 00:00:07,133 --> 00:00:10,453 Speaker 1: You're listening to the Saturday Morning with Jack team podcast 2 00:00:10,573 --> 00:00:11,453 Speaker 1: from News Talks. 3 00:00:11,453 --> 00:00:14,213 Speaker 2: That'd be well, it has been a bit of a 4 00:00:14,253 --> 00:00:16,733 Speaker 2: tough few weeks for the Vatican, but the Pope hospitalized 5 00:00:16,733 --> 00:00:19,373 Speaker 2: with suspected pneumonia, so we thought we'd better get doctor 6 00:00:19,373 --> 00:00:20,813 Speaker 2: Brian Betty and just to give us a bit of 7 00:00:20,853 --> 00:00:23,653 Speaker 2: a pneumonia. One oh one. He's with us this morning. 8 00:00:23,693 --> 00:00:26,213 Speaker 3: Held a good morning, Oh cure, Jack. Nice to be here. 9 00:00:26,333 --> 00:00:28,173 Speaker 2: Yeah, nice to be chatting with you. Let's just start 10 00:00:28,213 --> 00:00:32,053 Speaker 2: with the absolute most basic question. What is pneumonia? 11 00:00:33,213 --> 00:00:38,573 Speaker 3: Look? Pneumonia? Yeah, Look, it's a very serious lung infection. Now, 12 00:00:38,613 --> 00:00:42,493 Speaker 3: it's caused by a bacterial virus or occasionally a fungus, 13 00:00:42,533 --> 00:00:46,133 Speaker 3: and the bacteria virus lodges itself down in the lungs 14 00:00:46,453 --> 00:00:49,573 Speaker 3: and causes an infection on the lungs. Now, this can 15 00:00:49,613 --> 00:00:51,973 Speaker 3: be either often we see at the base of both 16 00:00:52,053 --> 00:00:54,613 Speaker 3: lungs and we call that bilateral, or it can be 17 00:00:54,653 --> 00:00:56,253 Speaker 3: in one of what we call the lobes of the 18 00:00:56,293 --> 00:00:59,413 Speaker 3: lungs are a certain segment. Now, the problem with the 19 00:00:59,453 --> 00:01:02,933 Speaker 3: bacteria of virus getting down there is the body can 20 00:01:02,973 --> 00:01:04,533 Speaker 3: react to it, so it tries to get rid of 21 00:01:04,573 --> 00:01:06,933 Speaker 3: the infection, So you start to get a ten. Because 22 00:01:06,933 --> 00:01:10,693 Speaker 3: temperature tries to kill the virus or the bacteria, the 23 00:01:10,813 --> 00:01:14,893 Speaker 3: lung becomes inflamed and often it fills up with secretions 24 00:01:14,933 --> 00:01:18,653 Speaker 3: of fluid or even in very severe cases puss. And 25 00:01:18,693 --> 00:01:23,293 Speaker 3: these are very very serious infection. So, yeah, pneumonia's pnumonia 26 00:01:23,333 --> 00:01:25,173 Speaker 3: is generally not a good thing to get. 27 00:01:25,373 --> 00:01:31,333 Speaker 2: No, well, I think even more than generally never never. 28 00:01:29,053 --> 00:01:31,093 Speaker 3: Never, Yeah, probably to be stronger. 29 00:01:32,253 --> 00:01:34,293 Speaker 2: So what are the causes and how do you actually 30 00:01:34,373 --> 00:01:35,253 Speaker 2: know you have pneumonia? 31 00:01:35,733 --> 00:01:39,893 Speaker 3: Yeah, Look, there's two basic types. One we call community acquired, 32 00:01:40,013 --> 00:01:42,493 Speaker 3: so you get it in the community and can develop. 33 00:01:42,853 --> 00:01:44,653 Speaker 3: The other one you can get in hospital, and we 34 00:01:44,693 --> 00:01:47,213 Speaker 3: call that hospital acquired. Now I'll make your point here. 35 00:01:47,293 --> 00:01:50,173 Speaker 3: Hospitals are not great places to be. We have lots 36 00:01:50,173 --> 00:01:52,773 Speaker 3: of sick people and infections often travel around, so they've 37 00:01:52,773 --> 00:01:55,613 Speaker 3: got quite a high infection rate, and pneumonia is one 38 00:01:55,613 --> 00:01:58,373 Speaker 3: of the things that can happen in hospital. Now we 39 00:01:58,533 --> 00:02:01,253 Speaker 3: see it often if your immune system is weakends. Now 40 00:02:01,253 --> 00:02:03,693 Speaker 3: that happens as you get older. If you've got some 41 00:02:03,733 --> 00:02:07,333 Speaker 3: sort of illness such as diabetes or asthma, can increase the risk. 42 00:02:08,373 --> 00:02:11,453 Speaker 3: Smoking is a very very big risk factor. We know 43 00:02:11,573 --> 00:02:14,613 Speaker 3: smoke it's bad, but it can actually produce pneumonia. And 44 00:02:14,653 --> 00:02:17,493 Speaker 3: as I mentioned, actually hospitals are risk fact to for pneumonia. 45 00:02:18,333 --> 00:02:22,693 Speaker 3: Now in some cases as viruses such as influenza or covid, 46 00:02:23,053 --> 00:02:25,973 Speaker 3: and they can cause pneumonia, which is why they are 47 00:02:26,053 --> 00:02:28,453 Speaker 3: so dangerous and we have to be very very careful 48 00:02:28,453 --> 00:02:32,293 Speaker 3: about them. And look, the main symptoms can have very 49 00:02:32,373 --> 00:02:34,533 Speaker 3: rapid onset, So you can be feeling well and you 50 00:02:34,773 --> 00:02:39,093 Speaker 3: feel unwell very quickly. Often there's a very persistent cough. 51 00:02:39,173 --> 00:02:42,613 Speaker 3: You can bring up lots of phlegm and colored sputin. 52 00:02:43,573 --> 00:02:47,133 Speaker 3: Often fever or chills, grigles and feeling very hot is 53 00:02:47,133 --> 00:02:51,293 Speaker 3: a feature. Chest pain and actually feeling shorter breath that's 54 00:02:51,293 --> 00:02:53,573 Speaker 3: a really significant factor. So if you're feeling short of 55 00:02:53,573 --> 00:02:56,613 Speaker 3: breath and struggling to breathe with a temperature, that's a 56 00:02:56,653 --> 00:02:58,613 Speaker 3: signal you really do need to do something. 57 00:02:58,813 --> 00:03:01,013 Speaker 2: So how do you treat pneumonia? 58 00:03:01,213 --> 00:03:04,213 Speaker 3: Look, it depends on the type. So if you see 59 00:03:04,213 --> 00:03:06,813 Speaker 3: your GP because you've got a temperature, breathing is a 60 00:03:06,813 --> 00:03:09,333 Speaker 3: bit difficult and you're cocking up lots of phlem we 61 00:03:09,373 --> 00:03:11,693 Speaker 3: do an examination and often we can pack up the 62 00:03:11,693 --> 00:03:15,933 Speaker 3: pneumonia on the examination. We'll often order us chestticks around 63 00:03:15,933 --> 00:03:19,133 Speaker 3: those situations, but we start you on antibiotics straight away, 64 00:03:19,213 --> 00:03:21,893 Speaker 3: usually for about seven to ten days, plenty of fluids, 65 00:03:21,933 --> 00:03:25,333 Speaker 3: paracetamol and antibotic and look, in most cases, if we 66 00:03:25,373 --> 00:03:28,533 Speaker 3: get in early, it'll shut things down and it'll cure 67 00:03:28,573 --> 00:03:32,013 Speaker 3: the infection. Now, if it gets more severe or if 68 00:03:32,053 --> 00:03:34,453 Speaker 3: you get a viral pneumonia, now, the problem with viral 69 00:03:34,453 --> 00:03:37,653 Speaker 3: pneumonia is we don't have adequate treatments often, so the 70 00:03:37,733 --> 00:03:40,493 Speaker 3: pneumonia is just time for the body to get rid 71 00:03:40,533 --> 00:03:42,653 Speaker 3: of it, and we'll treat it with parasital moil and 72 00:03:42,693 --> 00:03:45,773 Speaker 3: fluids and time. But if it gets more severe with 73 00:03:45,893 --> 00:03:49,533 Speaker 3: your breathing or what's actually happening, Look, you may need 74 00:03:49,573 --> 00:03:51,733 Speaker 3: to go into hospital and you need what we call 75 00:03:51,813 --> 00:03:54,693 Speaker 3: oxygen support, or in very severe cases you have to 76 00:03:54,733 --> 00:03:57,933 Speaker 3: go on a ventilator to actually help the lungs breathe, 77 00:03:58,133 --> 00:04:02,133 Speaker 3: and that can lead to a very very poor outcome. 78 00:04:02,253 --> 00:04:05,013 Speaker 3: So here we get really concerned of things progressing and 79 00:04:05,173 --> 00:04:06,293 Speaker 3: not responding to treatment. 80 00:04:06,493 --> 00:04:12,253 Speaker 2: Yes, and of course prevention is always preferable to them. 81 00:04:13,093 --> 00:04:14,453 Speaker 2: So how do you prevent pneumonia? 82 00:04:15,053 --> 00:04:18,053 Speaker 3: Look? Really important, Look, vaccination's got a role to play. So, 83 00:04:18,093 --> 00:04:23,053 Speaker 3: as I said, flue covid can lead to pneumonia, So 84 00:04:23,253 --> 00:04:26,413 Speaker 3: getting those vaccinations and keeping them up to data is important. 85 00:04:26,853 --> 00:04:30,573 Speaker 3: There is another specific vaccination called new macccle, So if 86 00:04:30,573 --> 00:04:33,053 Speaker 3: you're over the age of sixty five, it's not funded. 87 00:04:33,133 --> 00:04:36,053 Speaker 3: It's worth talking to your doctor about that because that 88 00:04:36,133 --> 00:04:38,693 Speaker 3: stops one of the common causes of pneumonia, which is 89 00:04:38,733 --> 00:04:43,053 Speaker 3: striped pneumonia. Stop smoking. Look, we're always going to say that, 90 00:04:43,413 --> 00:04:45,453 Speaker 3: but if you want to reduce the chances of something 91 00:04:45,493 --> 00:04:49,013 Speaker 3: like that happening, smoking is not a good idea and 92 00:04:49,093 --> 00:04:53,373 Speaker 3: looks staying healthy. I suppose balanced diet, exercise, managing diabetes 93 00:04:53,373 --> 00:04:57,613 Speaker 3: and asthma is really important. So those those basic things 94 00:04:57,613 --> 00:05:00,333 Speaker 3: that we always advise to do I think are important, 95 00:05:00,613 --> 00:05:05,053 Speaker 3: immune system healthy and but look baseline, if you are 96 00:05:05,213 --> 00:05:07,653 Speaker 3: short of breath and you do you have a temperature, 97 00:05:08,093 --> 00:05:10,773 Speaker 3: please please see your doctor and get desisted. 98 00:05:11,093 --> 00:05:13,733 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's great advice. We really appreciate it. Brian, thank 99 00:05:13,773 --> 00:05:14,333 Speaker 2: you so much. 100 00:05:15,333 --> 00:05:16,893 Speaker 3: Thank you for. 101 00:05:16,933 --> 00:05:20,013 Speaker 1: More from Saturday Morning with Jack Tame. 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