1 00:00:00,070 --> 00:00:02,690 Speaker 1: Dr. William Lane Craig is the leading defender of the 2 00:00:02,730 --> 00:00:07,090 Speaker 1: Christian faith today. He's debated leading atheists, Muslims, and other 3 00:00:07,160 --> 00:00:11,039 Speaker 1: non-Christian scholars. And yet today, he may be facing his 4 00:00:11,119 --> 00:00:17,050 Speaker 1: greatest challenge yet. answering questions from junior high students about God, heaven, 5 00:00:17,130 --> 00:00:20,310 Speaker 1: and the Bible in a way that junior high students 6 00:00:20,750 --> 00:00:23,630 Speaker 1: will track. What was Jesus like as a kid, and 7 00:00:23,670 --> 00:00:25,550 Speaker 1: did he need to be potty trained? 8 00:00:26,510 --> 00:00:27,660 Speaker 2: This is unbelievable. 9 00:00:28,090 --> 00:00:31,300 Speaker 3: How can there be one God, but then also three 10 00:00:31,360 --> 00:00:32,339 Speaker 3: gods at the same time? 11 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:36,740 Speaker 2: There cannot be one God and three gods, but that's 12 00:00:36,780 --> 00:00:38,880 Speaker 2: not what we as Christians believe. 13 00:00:39,890 --> 00:00:41,490 Speaker 4: Now, many people don't know this about you, Dr. 14 00:00:41,510 --> 00:00:45,440 Speaker 1: Craig, that you've actually written children's books, multiple ones that 15 00:00:45,490 --> 00:00:47,800 Speaker 1: I used to read at the dinner table with my 16 00:00:47,820 --> 00:00:52,540 Speaker 1: 22-year-old son, Scotty, who's joining us. So just for the record, 17 00:00:52,580 --> 00:00:54,740 Speaker 1: we have full confidence in you. But thanks for being 18 00:00:54,780 --> 00:00:56,000 Speaker 1: willing to do this fun show. 19 00:00:56,040 --> 00:00:56,740 Speaker 4: Are you ready to go? 20 00:00:57,340 --> 00:00:59,260 Speaker 2: I'm ready. Let's go. All right. 21 00:00:59,280 --> 00:01:02,380 Speaker 1: So first question a 13-year-old asked is, why are you 22 00:01:02,400 --> 00:01:02,740 Speaker 1: a Christian? 23 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:07,660 Speaker 2: I think that this question can be answered in many 24 00:01:07,720 --> 00:01:12,700 Speaker 2: different ways. For example, on a very personal level, I'm 25 00:01:12,740 --> 00:01:16,699 Speaker 2: a Christian because as a junior in high school, 16 26 00:01:16,700 --> 00:01:19,580 Speaker 2: years old, a girl who sat in front of me 27 00:01:19,620 --> 00:01:23,330 Speaker 2: in my German class shared with me the love of 28 00:01:23,410 --> 00:01:30,550 Speaker 2: God through Jesus Christ, and as a non-Christian hopeless, seeing 29 00:01:30,630 --> 00:01:36,600 Speaker 2: no meaning to my life, the gospel was so tremendously attractive. 30 00:01:37,080 --> 00:01:43,410 Speaker 2: And after six months of real soul-searching, I responded and 31 00:01:43,440 --> 00:01:48,950 Speaker 2: gave my life to Christ and experienced that life-changing power 32 00:01:49,430 --> 00:01:53,450 Speaker 2: on a personal level. On the other hand, I could 33 00:01:53,490 --> 00:01:58,150 Speaker 2: give a more intellectual answer to this question. I'm a 34 00:01:58,190 --> 00:02:03,610 Speaker 2: Christian because I think that Christianity is true. If Christianity 35 00:02:04,030 --> 00:02:08,140 Speaker 2: is true, then of course you should believe in it. 36 00:02:08,780 --> 00:02:12,120 Speaker 2: And I think that Christianity is true, and therefore I 37 00:02:12,300 --> 00:02:14,360 Speaker 2: am a Christian. I love it. 38 00:02:14,400 --> 00:02:15,760 Speaker 4: We're going to get into some of those evidences. 39 00:02:15,800 --> 00:02:17,360 Speaker 3: We're kicking it up a notch here. Here we go. 40 00:02:17,380 --> 00:02:18,660 Speaker 2: You ready? Okay. 41 00:02:18,740 --> 00:02:22,339 Speaker 3: Let's do it. Since Satan already existed when God created 42 00:02:22,560 --> 00:02:24,970 Speaker 3: Adam and Eve, where did he come from? Was there 43 00:02:25,000 --> 00:02:26,310 Speaker 3: another earth before ours? 44 00:02:27,620 --> 00:02:30,850 Speaker 2: Well, I don't think we really know from the Bible 45 00:02:31,370 --> 00:02:38,350 Speaker 2: when Satan was created. The figure of the serpent in 46 00:02:38,410 --> 00:02:42,490 Speaker 2: the garden has later been interpreted to be Satan, but 47 00:02:42,590 --> 00:02:46,889 Speaker 2: that's not the way he's presented in the Genesis narrative. 48 00:02:46,970 --> 00:02:51,630 Speaker 2: The serpent is presented simply as the craftiest of the 49 00:02:51,690 --> 00:02:56,440 Speaker 2: wild beasts that the Lord God had made. So we're 50 00:02:56,480 --> 00:03:01,540 Speaker 2: not really sure when Satan was created, but in terms 51 00:03:01,620 --> 00:03:07,620 Speaker 2: of where he came from, Since God is an all-good being, 52 00:03:07,720 --> 00:03:12,670 Speaker 2: he cannot be the author of evil. God cannot create evil. 53 00:03:13,310 --> 00:03:19,930 Speaker 2: So that implies that Satan must have originally been good, 54 00:03:20,669 --> 00:03:26,730 Speaker 2: and therefore most theologians think that Satan was probably a 55 00:03:26,889 --> 00:03:32,530 Speaker 2: fallen angel, that he was created good as a powerful 56 00:03:32,690 --> 00:03:38,010 Speaker 2: angelic being, but then rebelled against God and fell away 57 00:03:38,070 --> 00:03:43,050 Speaker 2: and became evil. And that is a plausible account of 58 00:03:43,110 --> 00:03:47,300 Speaker 2: the origin of Satan. Now, that doesn't mean that there 59 00:03:47,340 --> 00:03:52,820 Speaker 2: was another earth before ours, not at all. The Bible 60 00:03:53,040 --> 00:03:58,420 Speaker 2: says in Genesis 1-1 that in the beginning, God created 61 00:03:58,460 --> 00:04:02,760 Speaker 2: the heavens and the earth. and the expression, the heavens 62 00:04:03,040 --> 00:04:08,640 Speaker 2: and the earth, means all of physical reality. The Hebrew 63 00:04:08,700 --> 00:04:12,730 Speaker 2: language didn't have a word for the universe, so they 64 00:04:12,770 --> 00:04:16,150 Speaker 2: would describe it by saying the heavens and the earth. 65 00:04:16,730 --> 00:04:22,370 Speaker 2: And so in the beginning, God created the universe. And 66 00:04:22,450 --> 00:04:27,130 Speaker 2: so there wasn't any sort of earth prior to the beginning. 67 00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:31,180 Speaker 2: If Satan did exist prior to the creation of the universe, 68 00:04:31,779 --> 00:04:34,940 Speaker 2: then he would have existed in a sort of spiritual, 69 00:04:34,960 --> 00:04:37,219 Speaker 2: a non-physical realm. 70 00:04:38,540 --> 00:04:39,120 Speaker 4: Great answer. 71 00:04:39,140 --> 00:04:41,080 Speaker 1: Now, I've got a question for you that perhaps in 72 00:04:41,140 --> 00:04:44,200 Speaker 1: my 20-some years working with students, is one of the 73 00:04:44,260 --> 00:04:46,320 Speaker 1: top two or three questions I get asked. 74 00:04:46,460 --> 00:04:47,120 Speaker 4: So here we go. 75 00:04:47,720 --> 00:04:51,800 Speaker 1: Did dinosaurs actually live? And if so, how do they 76 00:04:51,880 --> 00:04:53,440 Speaker 1: fit into the Bible? 77 00:04:54,380 --> 00:04:57,850 Speaker 2: Yes, I think dinosaurs did actually live. In fact, I 78 00:04:58,010 --> 00:05:02,430 Speaker 2: have been a dinosaur enthusiast ever since I was a 79 00:05:02,490 --> 00:05:06,070 Speaker 2: little boy. Here is a book that my parents bought 80 00:05:06,110 --> 00:05:11,040 Speaker 2: for me when I was a young child called Prehistoric Animals. 81 00:05:11,630 --> 00:05:14,850 Speaker 2: And you see the stegosaurus on the cover. And this 82 00:05:14,950 --> 00:05:21,020 Speaker 2: book features beautiful paintings by an artist named Borean of 83 00:05:21,080 --> 00:05:27,619 Speaker 2: various prehistoric animals like Tyrannosaurus and Trachodon in this picture. 84 00:05:27,640 --> 00:05:31,510 Speaker 2: And I used to study this book, looking at these 85 00:05:31,570 --> 00:05:36,050 Speaker 2: different animals, learning their names. Even on my desk today, 86 00:05:36,190 --> 00:05:41,080 Speaker 2: Sean and Scotty, I have these little lead dinosaurs from 87 00:05:41,120 --> 00:05:45,240 Speaker 2: when I was a boy. Here's Triceratops. Here's Stegosaurus. I 88 00:05:45,260 --> 00:05:50,590 Speaker 2: got Tyrannosaurus next to them. So I love dinosaurs. I 89 00:05:50,610 --> 00:05:54,830 Speaker 2: think they're some of the most interesting creatures that God 90 00:05:54,870 --> 00:05:59,270 Speaker 2: has ever created. Where do they fit in to the Bible? Well, 91 00:05:59,630 --> 00:06:04,150 Speaker 2: the Bible says in Genesis chapter 1, God created the 92 00:06:04,250 --> 00:06:09,900 Speaker 2: great sea monsters and every living creature that moves. And 93 00:06:09,960 --> 00:06:14,570 Speaker 2: God said, let the earth bring forth living creatures according 94 00:06:14,610 --> 00:06:18,490 Speaker 2: to their kinds, cattle and creeping things and beasts of 95 00:06:18,550 --> 00:06:23,490 Speaker 2: the earth according to their kinds. So dinosaurs are part 96 00:06:23,529 --> 00:06:30,370 Speaker 2: of that animal kingdom that God created when he created 97 00:06:30,470 --> 00:06:31,870 Speaker 2: the life on earth. 98 00:06:33,130 --> 00:06:37,870 Speaker 3: It's awesome. Okay. Are angels dead people? And what do 99 00:06:37,910 --> 00:06:38,830 Speaker 3: they look like? Yeah. 100 00:06:39,350 --> 00:06:44,300 Speaker 2: No, angels are not dead people. This is a cultural 101 00:06:44,900 --> 00:06:48,100 Speaker 2: myth that when people die, they go to heaven and 102 00:06:48,180 --> 00:06:53,120 Speaker 2: get wings. In fact, the descriptions of angels in the 103 00:06:53,180 --> 00:06:59,090 Speaker 2: Bible vary a great deal. Sometimes they are described with wings, 104 00:06:59,730 --> 00:07:03,510 Speaker 2: but in other times they look just like ordinary human beings. 105 00:07:03,589 --> 00:07:07,370 Speaker 2: In fact, sometimes an angel will appear and and the 106 00:07:07,390 --> 00:07:11,600 Speaker 2: people who see this angel don't realize that it is 107 00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:16,140 Speaker 2: an angel. It just looks like an ordinary human person. 108 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:20,380 Speaker 2: In fact, the author of Hebrews, a book in the 109 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:25,400 Speaker 2: New Testament, says that people have actually entertained angels unawares. 110 00:07:26,260 --> 00:07:30,260 Speaker 2: They thought they were just ordinary human beings. So angels 111 00:07:30,560 --> 00:07:37,740 Speaker 2: are spiritual beings, but they can manifest themselves in different 112 00:07:37,810 --> 00:07:42,440 Speaker 2: forms physically. And so they look differently depending on how 113 00:07:42,520 --> 00:07:44,480 Speaker 2: they choose to manifest themselves. 114 00:07:44,900 --> 00:07:47,560 Speaker 1: That's a great point about Hebrews 13, which raised the question, 115 00:07:47,620 --> 00:07:51,790 Speaker 1: have we seen angels and interacted with them without even 116 00:07:51,870 --> 00:07:55,390 Speaker 1: knowing it? That's the fascinating point that I think you're 117 00:07:55,410 --> 00:07:57,770 Speaker 1: bringing up. Well, we actually got a ton of questions 118 00:07:57,890 --> 00:08:01,390 Speaker 1: on angels. So just one more before we move to 119 00:08:01,430 --> 00:08:04,350 Speaker 1: the Garden of Eden and all these other awesome questions 120 00:08:04,390 --> 00:08:05,470 Speaker 1: that 13-year-olds have. 121 00:08:06,070 --> 00:08:08,410 Speaker 4: Can angels see us all the time? 122 00:08:09,490 --> 00:08:14,030 Speaker 2: Well, I don't think that they can because angels are 123 00:08:14,250 --> 00:08:19,470 Speaker 2: finite beings just like you and me. They occupy a 124 00:08:19,930 --> 00:08:26,190 Speaker 2: particular place and a particular time. And so they're not everywhere. 125 00:08:27,170 --> 00:08:31,170 Speaker 2: and they're not every place at once. They can move about, certainly, 126 00:08:31,710 --> 00:08:35,810 Speaker 2: but they will be located in a place and in 127 00:08:35,850 --> 00:08:40,170 Speaker 2: a specific time where they can manifest themselves. So if 128 00:08:40,240 --> 00:08:45,040 Speaker 2: they are located like that at a specific place and time, 129 00:08:45,100 --> 00:08:49,480 Speaker 2: then it would follow that they don't see everything all 130 00:08:49,500 --> 00:08:53,160 Speaker 2: of the time. They would just perceive what's about them 131 00:08:53,260 --> 00:08:53,939 Speaker 2: at that time. 132 00:08:55,030 --> 00:08:57,120 Speaker 3: So when I was framing these questions to my kids, 133 00:08:57,480 --> 00:08:58,840 Speaker 3: I asked them, I said, if you could ask the 134 00:08:59,020 --> 00:09:02,420 Speaker 3: smartest Christian on the planet, the hardest question you have, 135 00:09:02,800 --> 00:09:04,940 Speaker 3: what would it be? And one of my kids, Mav, 136 00:09:04,980 --> 00:09:06,439 Speaker 3: looked at me and he goes, all right, this is 137 00:09:06,480 --> 00:09:08,900 Speaker 3: the stuff I think about all the time. He said, 138 00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:12,140 Speaker 3: is the Garden of Eden still on earth? And is 139 00:09:12,160 --> 00:09:15,380 Speaker 3: there a fire sword still guarding the entrance? And he 140 00:09:15,420 --> 00:09:16,420 Speaker 3: was dead serious. 141 00:09:17,250 --> 00:09:22,430 Speaker 2: Well, I think that the Garden of Eden in Genesis is, 142 00:09:23,340 --> 00:09:26,199 Speaker 2: could have been an actual place, and not just a 143 00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:32,450 Speaker 2: sort of symbolic place or mythical place. It could have 144 00:09:32,490 --> 00:09:38,349 Speaker 2: been an actual geographical location. And if so, it would 145 00:09:38,390 --> 00:09:42,870 Speaker 2: be somewhere near the conjunction of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, 146 00:09:43,550 --> 00:09:47,429 Speaker 2: so that it actually might be at the bottom of 147 00:09:47,470 --> 00:09:50,870 Speaker 2: the Persian Gulf. which has been in the news lately. 148 00:09:50,910 --> 00:09:55,060 Speaker 2: The Strait of Hormuz is the gateway to that great 149 00:09:55,179 --> 00:09:59,810 Speaker 2: Persian Gulf that at one time was landlocked. It was dry. 150 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:04,340 Speaker 2: And then the oceans, as the glaciers melted, the sea rose, 151 00:10:04,860 --> 00:10:09,100 Speaker 2: and the oceans poured through the Strait of Hormuz and 152 00:10:09,220 --> 00:10:12,710 Speaker 2: flooded the Persian Gulf, such as we find it today. 153 00:10:12,809 --> 00:10:15,530 Speaker 2: So it could well be that the Garden of Eden 154 00:10:15,830 --> 00:10:19,340 Speaker 2: lay on the bottom of the Persian Gulf. Now, the 155 00:10:19,440 --> 00:10:23,900 Speaker 2: fiery sword and the cherubim that God placed at its 156 00:10:24,000 --> 00:10:28,000 Speaker 2: entrance to garden, I think, are part of the symbolic 157 00:10:28,250 --> 00:10:33,209 Speaker 2: imagery of the narrative and needn't be taken literally. I 158 00:10:33,270 --> 00:10:36,990 Speaker 2: don't think that it is the case that in years 159 00:10:37,090 --> 00:10:40,750 Speaker 2: to come before the Garden of Eden was completely overgrown 160 00:10:40,850 --> 00:10:45,070 Speaker 2: with weeds and things that there was this literal turning 161 00:10:45,170 --> 00:10:48,309 Speaker 2: fiery sword and cherry of him standing at the entrance. 162 00:10:48,390 --> 00:10:51,130 Speaker 2: I think this is part of the symbolism of the 163 00:10:51,170 --> 00:10:56,740 Speaker 2: narrative of how God cast man and woman out of 164 00:10:56,780 --> 00:10:59,160 Speaker 2: the garden, and they would never be able to come 165 00:10:59,220 --> 00:11:05,980 Speaker 2: back to this primordial, idyllic state where they enjoyed this 166 00:11:06,760 --> 00:11:12,050 Speaker 2: unbroken fellowship with God and immortality of body and soul. 167 00:11:13,480 --> 00:11:13,720 Speaker 2: All right. 168 00:11:13,820 --> 00:11:16,630 Speaker 1: I got one for you that is perhaps one of 169 00:11:16,690 --> 00:11:20,350 Speaker 1: my favorite questions that these junior hires asked, and it's 170 00:11:20,390 --> 00:11:23,050 Speaker 1: got three kind of layers to it. And I'm pretty 171 00:11:23,110 --> 00:11:26,189 Speaker 1: sure that it's maybe half serious, but I think there's 172 00:11:26,210 --> 00:11:28,640 Speaker 1: some real meat to it. And the question is, what 173 00:11:28,679 --> 00:11:31,819 Speaker 1: was Jesus like as a kid? Did he ever lose teeth? 174 00:11:32,520 --> 00:11:34,559 Speaker 1: And did he need to be potty trained? 175 00:11:35,480 --> 00:11:41,650 Speaker 2: This is unbelievable. But the funny thing is, as you say, John, 176 00:11:41,690 --> 00:11:48,309 Speaker 2: this actually raises serious doctrinal points. When we ask what 177 00:11:48,390 --> 00:11:54,030 Speaker 2: Jesus was like as a child, first of all, physically speaking, 178 00:11:54,510 --> 00:12:00,209 Speaker 2: he would be like any ordinary human boy. That's important 179 00:12:00,270 --> 00:12:07,410 Speaker 2: because part of Christian orthodoxy or biblical Christianity is that 180 00:12:07,550 --> 00:12:12,850 Speaker 2: Jesus had a complete human nature, just as you and 181 00:12:13,010 --> 00:12:16,890 Speaker 2: I do. and therefore of course he lost his baby teeth. 182 00:12:17,550 --> 00:12:21,130 Speaker 2: It would be awful if the adult Jesus still had 183 00:12:21,150 --> 00:12:24,970 Speaker 2: his baby teeth. Did he need to be potty trained? 184 00:12:25,030 --> 00:12:28,630 Speaker 2: Of course Mary and Joseph would have to take care 185 00:12:28,670 --> 00:12:32,189 Speaker 2: of that as he grew up. He was an ordinary 186 00:12:32,710 --> 00:12:37,329 Speaker 2: boy in every way physically. So the more interesting question 187 00:12:37,390 --> 00:12:43,380 Speaker 2: was what was he like mentally or spiritually? And here 188 00:12:43,480 --> 00:12:46,340 Speaker 2: I think we have to say that as a boy, 189 00:12:46,460 --> 00:12:50,870 Speaker 2: Jesus had a kind of dawning of this God consciousness 190 00:12:50,950 --> 00:12:55,290 Speaker 2: that he was someone special. We don't have stories of 191 00:12:55,330 --> 00:12:57,550 Speaker 2: the childhood of Jesus, but we know that by the 192 00:12:57,590 --> 00:13:00,710 Speaker 2: time he was 12 years old and he went to 193 00:13:00,890 --> 00:13:06,500 Speaker 2: Jerusalem with his parents, he stayed afterwards lingering in the temple, 194 00:13:07,080 --> 00:13:11,420 Speaker 2: debating with the priests and the scribes about the matters 195 00:13:11,500 --> 00:13:16,380 Speaker 2: of doctrine. And when they finally realized he was missing 196 00:13:16,420 --> 00:13:18,760 Speaker 2: and came back and said, what are you doing to us? 197 00:13:18,780 --> 00:13:21,750 Speaker 2: Don't you care about us as your parents? And he said, 198 00:13:21,780 --> 00:13:24,650 Speaker 2: didn't you know that I had to be about the 199 00:13:24,710 --> 00:13:29,410 Speaker 2: business of my father? He already had this sense of 200 00:13:29,470 --> 00:13:35,550 Speaker 2: divine sonship by the age of 12. So although he 201 00:13:35,590 --> 00:13:39,600 Speaker 2: was not unusual physically, I think that mentally and spiritually 202 00:13:39,660 --> 00:13:40,579 Speaker 2: he was unusual. 203 00:13:41,160 --> 00:13:43,880 Speaker 3: Why do you think we don't have more stories about 204 00:13:43,900 --> 00:13:45,220 Speaker 3: when Jesus was a kid? Like, why is it the 205 00:13:45,340 --> 00:13:46,800 Speaker 3: only one in Luke chapter two? 206 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:51,710 Speaker 2: I don't know the answer to that question, Sean, except 207 00:13:51,750 --> 00:13:56,570 Speaker 2: to say that the purpose of the gospels is to 208 00:13:56,650 --> 00:14:01,050 Speaker 2: tell the story of redemption. And the focus of that 209 00:14:01,830 --> 00:14:07,520 Speaker 2: is Jesus ministry culminating in his passion, death, and resurrection. 210 00:14:08,120 --> 00:14:13,220 Speaker 2: So about 25 percent of the Gospels is devoted to 211 00:14:13,280 --> 00:14:18,329 Speaker 2: the last week of Jesus' life. Think of that. It's disproportionate. 212 00:14:18,870 --> 00:14:22,850 Speaker 2: So the childhood would only be a matter of curiosity, 213 00:14:23,470 --> 00:14:26,870 Speaker 2: but it's that Passion Week, Jesus' death on the cross 214 00:14:26,930 --> 00:14:30,570 Speaker 2: and resurrection, that is so central to Christian belief, and 215 00:14:30,610 --> 00:14:33,100 Speaker 2: therefore that's where the center of gravity is. 216 00:14:34,030 --> 00:14:36,530 Speaker 3: So why was it God's plan for Jesus to be 217 00:14:36,630 --> 00:14:39,170 Speaker 3: born in a manger and not some fancy place like 218 00:14:39,190 --> 00:14:39,670 Speaker 3: a hospital? 219 00:14:41,080 --> 00:14:45,700 Speaker 2: Well, Jesus actually wasn't born in a manger. I know 220 00:14:45,740 --> 00:14:49,880 Speaker 2: that's often said. He was born in a stable, but 221 00:14:49,940 --> 00:14:53,890 Speaker 2: a stable isn't a manger. Your students need to understand 222 00:14:53,950 --> 00:14:56,870 Speaker 2: what a manger is. A manger is a feed trough. 223 00:14:59,050 --> 00:15:01,960 Speaker 2: So you would take the feed for the animals, like 224 00:15:02,100 --> 00:15:05,420 Speaker 2: the cows and the donkey, and you'd dump it into 225 00:15:05,460 --> 00:15:08,320 Speaker 2: this trough, and then they'd eat out of it. And 226 00:15:08,840 --> 00:15:12,380 Speaker 2: this is part of the amusing feature of the story. 227 00:15:12,420 --> 00:15:14,820 Speaker 2: Mary and Joseph are in a stable because there was 228 00:15:14,880 --> 00:15:17,060 Speaker 2: no room in the inn, and so Jesus is born 229 00:15:17,080 --> 00:15:20,100 Speaker 2: in the stable. So what do they do with this 230 00:15:20,160 --> 00:15:23,540 Speaker 2: little newborn? Where do you put him? Well, Mary makes 231 00:15:23,620 --> 00:15:26,360 Speaker 2: a little bed for him in the feed trough, and 232 00:15:26,400 --> 00:15:30,960 Speaker 2: she lays Jesus in the manger. It's so charming. You know, 233 00:15:31,060 --> 00:15:33,720 Speaker 2: and Jan and I have had a similar experience. When 234 00:15:33,780 --> 00:15:36,880 Speaker 2: we traveled in Europe with our daughter, Charity, when she 235 00:15:36,920 --> 00:15:40,160 Speaker 2: was about six weeks old, we would be in an 236 00:15:40,260 --> 00:15:44,250 Speaker 2: apartment or something. hotel room, and we had to find 237 00:15:44,310 --> 00:15:46,109 Speaker 2: a place for her to sleep. So what we'd do 238 00:15:46,250 --> 00:15:49,790 Speaker 2: is we'd pull a drawer out of the dresser and 239 00:15:49,830 --> 00:15:52,770 Speaker 2: make a little bed, and Charity would sleep in the drawer. 240 00:15:53,350 --> 00:15:57,380 Speaker 2: So we kind of identify with that aspect of the 241 00:15:57,440 --> 00:16:00,560 Speaker 2: narrative of placing Jesus in the manger. But I don't 242 00:16:00,600 --> 00:16:03,880 Speaker 2: think there were any fancy places like hospitals at that 243 00:16:03,980 --> 00:16:09,160 Speaker 2: time if he were incarnate and born today, would he 244 00:16:09,250 --> 00:16:11,830 Speaker 2: be born in a hospital? I don't know. But at 245 00:16:11,870 --> 00:16:16,230 Speaker 2: least at that time, the stable was as good a 246 00:16:16,310 --> 00:16:17,070 Speaker 2: place as any. 247 00:16:18,150 --> 00:16:19,770 Speaker 1: Do you think, just as a quick follow-up on that, 248 00:16:19,790 --> 00:16:22,050 Speaker 1: do you think any piece of it is just God 249 00:16:22,210 --> 00:16:26,610 Speaker 1: showing kind of his humility and the normality of Jesus 250 00:16:26,650 --> 00:16:29,710 Speaker 1: and that he's a different kind of king than they 251 00:16:29,750 --> 00:16:32,130 Speaker 1: were expecting and that starts with his birth? 252 00:16:32,150 --> 00:16:33,570 Speaker 4: Do you think maybe that's a piece of it? 253 00:16:34,230 --> 00:16:37,590 Speaker 2: That could be. As I say, I just don't know. 254 00:16:39,100 --> 00:16:42,560 Speaker 2: There isn't anything in the narrative itself that kind of 255 00:16:42,680 --> 00:16:46,880 Speaker 2: draws that lesson. But very often as we meditate on 256 00:16:46,920 --> 00:16:49,920 Speaker 2: the birth of Christ, we think here is this Messianic 257 00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:54,320 Speaker 2: king who didn't come with the royal robes and born 258 00:16:54,360 --> 00:16:59,340 Speaker 2: in a palace, but born in these humble conditions where 259 00:16:59,380 --> 00:17:02,850 Speaker 2: he identified with everyday people. And that could certainly be 260 00:17:02,900 --> 00:17:03,970 Speaker 2: part of it, couldn't it? 261 00:17:05,020 --> 00:17:06,460 Speaker 4: Fair enough. Well, you're doing awesome. 262 00:17:06,480 --> 00:17:09,280 Speaker 1: Here's another one from a junior hire. It says, what 263 00:17:09,359 --> 00:17:12,140 Speaker 1: does God look like and where does he live? 264 00:17:14,359 --> 00:17:19,770 Speaker 2: God is not a physical being. He does not have 265 00:17:19,930 --> 00:17:26,510 Speaker 2: a physical body. He is a spiritual being. And therefore, 266 00:17:26,830 --> 00:17:31,800 Speaker 2: he doesn't look like anything. because not having a physical 267 00:17:31,859 --> 00:17:36,179 Speaker 2: body doesn't reflect light rays that could bounce off of 268 00:17:36,240 --> 00:17:38,979 Speaker 2: him into our eyes so that we could see him. 269 00:17:39,060 --> 00:17:42,460 Speaker 2: So God doesn't look like anything. God is like a 270 00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:49,050 Speaker 2: consciousness without a body, a self-consciousness or mind without a body, 271 00:17:49,109 --> 00:17:54,109 Speaker 2: and so he doesn't look like anything. Where does he live? Well, 272 00:17:54,530 --> 00:17:58,469 Speaker 2: in the Bible, God is typically described as being in heaven. 273 00:17:59,119 --> 00:18:03,210 Speaker 2: But we shouldn't think of that as a spatial locale. 274 00:18:03,290 --> 00:18:06,869 Speaker 2: It's not a place where if you went off in 275 00:18:06,910 --> 00:18:09,790 Speaker 2: a spaceship far enough in the universe, you would eventually 276 00:18:09,869 --> 00:18:15,040 Speaker 2: reach heaven. It's more like another realm, you know, a 277 00:18:15,080 --> 00:18:19,460 Speaker 2: different dimension or something of reality. It's not a physical 278 00:18:20,160 --> 00:18:24,700 Speaker 2: place because God is not a physical being. So he 279 00:18:25,160 --> 00:18:28,010 Speaker 2: is in heaven in the sense that that would be 280 00:18:29,080 --> 00:18:36,320 Speaker 2: realm of God. And then in Christ, he enters into 281 00:18:37,290 --> 00:18:43,670 Speaker 2: our space-time universe in the person of Jesus Christ to 282 00:18:43,830 --> 00:18:45,050 Speaker 2: reveal himself to us. 283 00:18:46,490 --> 00:18:48,790 Speaker 3: One of my girls asked this question. She said, when 284 00:18:48,830 --> 00:18:51,530 Speaker 3: has it been hard for you to follow God, Dr. Craig? 285 00:18:51,630 --> 00:18:53,470 Speaker 3: Has there ever been a moment that you just said, 286 00:18:53,609 --> 00:18:55,450 Speaker 3: I don't buy this. I don't believe in God. 287 00:18:55,790 --> 00:18:55,909 Speaker 1: Yeah. 288 00:18:56,750 --> 00:19:00,869 Speaker 2: I've never had a moment when I didn't believe in God, Sean. 289 00:19:01,109 --> 00:19:05,320 Speaker 2: Even before I was a Christian, I always had a 290 00:19:05,359 --> 00:19:10,480 Speaker 2: sort of vague sense that God exists. It seemed to 291 00:19:10,540 --> 00:19:14,139 Speaker 2: me that there had to be a creator of the 292 00:19:14,280 --> 00:19:18,350 Speaker 2: universe who brought everything into existence, but he just wasn't 293 00:19:18,440 --> 00:19:21,609 Speaker 2: real to me. He was just a blur, a blur. 294 00:19:22,020 --> 00:19:25,480 Speaker 2: not someone that I could know personally. So the wonderful 295 00:19:25,580 --> 00:19:30,340 Speaker 2: news of the gospel that the classmate in high school 296 00:19:30,420 --> 00:19:32,760 Speaker 2: shared with me was that I could know the love 297 00:19:32,800 --> 00:19:38,070 Speaker 2: of God personally in my life. I think probably one 298 00:19:38,090 --> 00:19:42,209 Speaker 2: of the hardest times for me to follow God came 299 00:19:42,290 --> 00:19:45,830 Speaker 2: when Jan and I were living in Germany, and it 300 00:19:45,910 --> 00:19:49,149 Speaker 2: came time for me to take my doctoral exams in 301 00:19:50,020 --> 00:19:55,820 Speaker 2: in theology. And I tried my best to get advice 302 00:19:56,420 --> 00:20:00,470 Speaker 2: from my supervisor about how to prepare for these exams, 303 00:20:01,030 --> 00:20:03,830 Speaker 2: but he was always too busy for me. He just 304 00:20:03,930 --> 00:20:08,200 Speaker 2: wouldn't meet with me, And so I asked his assistant, well, 305 00:20:08,260 --> 00:20:11,360 Speaker 2: how can I prepare for these exams? And he gave 306 00:20:11,420 --> 00:20:15,980 Speaker 2: me some terrible advice, which I followed. And so I 307 00:20:16,060 --> 00:20:20,290 Speaker 2: went into this examination and it became apparent very quickly 308 00:20:20,369 --> 00:20:23,730 Speaker 2: that I was not prepared. And so as a result, 309 00:20:23,869 --> 00:20:28,990 Speaker 2: I failed those doctoral exams and had to go home. 310 00:20:29,010 --> 00:20:33,359 Speaker 2: I felt in shame. We went back to the United 311 00:20:33,390 --> 00:20:38,639 Speaker 2: States in shame because for having flunked those exams. And 312 00:20:38,859 --> 00:20:41,659 Speaker 2: it was hard for me to understand. I knew we 313 00:20:41,700 --> 00:20:45,500 Speaker 2: were walking in God's will. I knew he had called 314 00:20:45,560 --> 00:20:48,820 Speaker 2: us to do this doctorate in Germany. There were people 315 00:20:48,960 --> 00:20:53,750 Speaker 2: praying for us. I could not understand how God could 316 00:20:53,790 --> 00:20:57,909 Speaker 2: allow me to be falsely advised and to fail. And 317 00:20:58,010 --> 00:21:01,330 Speaker 2: so as a result of that experience, I came to 318 00:21:01,350 --> 00:21:05,580 Speaker 2: a new understanding and deeper understanding of the will of 319 00:21:05,630 --> 00:21:08,580 Speaker 2: God for your life, and that is that God's will 320 00:21:08,740 --> 00:21:14,280 Speaker 2: for your life can include failure, and he can lead 321 00:21:14,340 --> 00:21:19,040 Speaker 2: you into failure. God has things to teach us through 322 00:21:19,200 --> 00:21:24,159 Speaker 2: failure that we could never learn through success, and it 323 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:27,880 Speaker 2: was because of that failure in those exams in Germany 324 00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:32,120 Speaker 2: that for the next year I studied intensively the whole 325 00:21:32,200 --> 00:21:38,260 Speaker 2: body of Christian theology and doctrine, and that laid the 326 00:21:38,340 --> 00:21:43,990 Speaker 2: foundation for the book that 50 years later I just completed, 327 00:21:44,010 --> 00:21:49,469 Speaker 2: The Systematic Philosophical Theology. So even though that was the 328 00:21:49,609 --> 00:21:53,330 Speaker 2: hardest thing I've ever been through and would never want 329 00:21:53,369 --> 00:21:56,470 Speaker 2: to go through it again, I can honestly say I'm 330 00:21:56,609 --> 00:22:01,800 Speaker 2: glad that I failed, because through that failure I I 331 00:22:01,840 --> 00:22:04,419 Speaker 2: was equipped to serve him in a way that I 332 00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:08,180 Speaker 2: never would have been equipped had I passed those exams. 333 00:22:08,720 --> 00:22:10,340 Speaker 1: You know, Bill, I remember when you taught a class 334 00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:12,700 Speaker 1: in the early 2000s when I was in the Talbot 335 00:22:12,720 --> 00:22:17,020 Speaker 1: School of Theology philosophy program here. You were my professor, 336 00:22:17,060 --> 00:22:19,970 Speaker 1: and you'd do a five-minute devotional before we dive into 337 00:22:20,010 --> 00:22:24,710 Speaker 1: the cosmological argument, ontological, whatever. And you talked about failure then. 338 00:22:25,460 --> 00:22:28,000 Speaker 1: And that really stood with me, shared some of the 339 00:22:28,080 --> 00:22:29,879 Speaker 1: similar points. I don't know that I realized that it 340 00:22:29,920 --> 00:22:34,109 Speaker 1: was that level of just shame and hurt in your life, 341 00:22:34,190 --> 00:22:35,389 Speaker 1: but that's powerful. 342 00:22:35,450 --> 00:22:36,870 Speaker 4: Thanks so much for sharing that. 343 00:22:37,570 --> 00:22:41,669 Speaker 1: And this next question actually relates to the philosophical, the 344 00:22:41,730 --> 00:22:45,469 Speaker 1: systematic philosophical theology that you completed. I think it was 345 00:22:45,570 --> 00:22:47,800 Speaker 1: one of the volumes two, so you can correct me 346 00:22:47,820 --> 00:22:50,280 Speaker 1: if I'm wrong about that. But the question is, how 347 00:22:50,340 --> 00:22:53,520 Speaker 1: can God see everyone all at once? 348 00:22:53,540 --> 00:22:54,180 Speaker 3: Mm-hmm. 349 00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:58,300 Speaker 2: I think it's important that we understand that God doesn't 350 00:22:58,420 --> 00:23:03,730 Speaker 2: have eyeballs. He's not a physical being. He doesn't have 351 00:23:03,770 --> 00:23:07,550 Speaker 2: a physical body. So it's not as though light rays 352 00:23:07,650 --> 00:23:11,229 Speaker 2: bounce off of objects and go into God's pupils and 353 00:23:12,250 --> 00:23:17,540 Speaker 2: stimulate his optic nerves so that he sees everything at once. Rather, 354 00:23:18,540 --> 00:23:22,800 Speaker 2: what is meant here is that God knows everything that's happening. 355 00:23:23,869 --> 00:23:26,780 Speaker 2: It's not that he has a sort of vantage point 356 00:23:26,840 --> 00:23:31,359 Speaker 2: where he sees everything, but that he knows everything that 357 00:23:31,420 --> 00:23:36,140 Speaker 2: is happening. Now, I think that just as we can 358 00:23:36,270 --> 00:23:42,190 Speaker 2: form mental images in our minds of things without actually 359 00:23:42,310 --> 00:23:46,600 Speaker 2: seeing them, for example, you can probably form a mental 360 00:23:46,700 --> 00:23:50,379 Speaker 2: image of your mother's face, or a mental image of 361 00:23:50,830 --> 00:23:55,250 Speaker 2: President Trump, or of Mount Rushmore, or something of that sort. 362 00:23:55,730 --> 00:23:59,949 Speaker 2: I think God could form mental images of everything in 363 00:23:59,990 --> 00:24:03,750 Speaker 2: the world, and given his infinity, there's no reason that 364 00:24:03,790 --> 00:24:07,629 Speaker 2: he couldn't form multiple mental images of things at the 365 00:24:07,670 --> 00:24:10,629 Speaker 2: same time. So I would say that that would be 366 00:24:10,690 --> 00:24:14,520 Speaker 2: the way in which God can see everyone all at 367 00:24:14,740 --> 00:24:18,600 Speaker 2: once is by forming these mental images of people and things. 368 00:24:18,859 --> 00:24:20,879 Speaker 1: That's a great response. Before you go, Scotty, yes, I 369 00:24:20,900 --> 00:24:23,320 Speaker 1: can have an image of President Trump. Yes, I can 370 00:24:23,359 --> 00:24:26,140 Speaker 1: have one of Mount Rushmore. And as he would like 371 00:24:26,200 --> 00:24:28,180 Speaker 1: me to have, I can have an image of Trump 372 00:24:28,510 --> 00:24:29,810 Speaker 1: on Mount Rushmore. 373 00:24:30,990 --> 00:24:32,790 Speaker 4: But I digress. Back to you, Scotty. 374 00:24:33,810 --> 00:24:36,869 Speaker 3: So if God is outside of time, how can he 375 00:24:37,109 --> 00:24:38,530 Speaker 3: act in a particular moment? 376 00:24:39,450 --> 00:24:45,560 Speaker 2: Now here... I share the skepticism of this student. It 377 00:24:45,630 --> 00:24:49,240 Speaker 2: seems to me that if God is outside of time, 378 00:24:49,260 --> 00:24:53,020 Speaker 2: then he would not be able to act at a 379 00:24:53,060 --> 00:24:59,570 Speaker 2: particular moment in time because doing so would date him. 380 00:24:59,890 --> 00:25:03,609 Speaker 2: He would then have a temporal location. I think the 381 00:25:03,890 --> 00:25:06,629 Speaker 2: only way that he could be outside of time is 382 00:25:07,080 --> 00:25:10,500 Speaker 2: and act at a particular moment of time would be 383 00:25:10,580 --> 00:25:14,990 Speaker 2: if all the moments of time are equally real, that 384 00:25:15,050 --> 00:25:19,730 Speaker 2: the distinction between past, present, and future is an illusion 385 00:25:20,430 --> 00:25:24,830 Speaker 2: of human consciousness, and therefore God can be outside of 386 00:25:24,910 --> 00:25:28,320 Speaker 2: time but act at all of these different moments in 387 00:25:28,380 --> 00:25:32,260 Speaker 2: time because they're all equally real to him. The problem 388 00:25:32,380 --> 00:25:36,899 Speaker 2: is I just cannot bring myself to believe that The 389 00:25:36,940 --> 00:25:42,340 Speaker 2: distinction between past, present, and future is merely an illusion 390 00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:47,820 Speaker 2: of human consciousness. The reality of temporal becoming, of things 391 00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:54,159 Speaker 2: passing in time, is even more fundamental and more real 392 00:25:54,619 --> 00:25:58,610 Speaker 2: than our perception of the external world. When we look 393 00:25:58,650 --> 00:26:01,470 Speaker 2: at the external world around us, we see a world 394 00:26:01,510 --> 00:26:05,590 Speaker 2: of change, a world in time, passing away. But if 395 00:26:05,630 --> 00:26:08,770 Speaker 2: you close your eyes and just think about your own thoughts, 396 00:26:09,630 --> 00:26:13,090 Speaker 2: in the inner life of the mind, there is also 397 00:26:13,170 --> 00:26:17,130 Speaker 2: temporal becoming as you have a succession of thoughts, one 398 00:26:17,800 --> 00:26:24,760 Speaker 2: after another. So this experience of temporal becoming, of temporal passage, 399 00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:28,960 Speaker 2: is even more fundamental and more real than our experience 400 00:26:29,020 --> 00:26:35,760 Speaker 2: of the external world. And so it seems to me just, well, irrational. honestly, 401 00:26:36,300 --> 00:26:41,300 Speaker 2: to think that the difference between past, present, and future 402 00:26:41,460 --> 00:26:45,900 Speaker 2: is just an illusion. So if this is real, then 403 00:26:46,020 --> 00:26:49,220 Speaker 2: it does seem to me that God cannot be acting 404 00:26:49,619 --> 00:26:54,940 Speaker 2: right now to cause an event in 2050 or in 1950. 405 00:26:54,940 --> 00:27:00,219 Speaker 2: If he's causing events, they would be events that are 406 00:27:00,260 --> 00:27:04,460 Speaker 2: happening right now, and so therefore God would exist right now. 407 00:27:06,330 --> 00:27:06,770 Speaker 4: Good stuff. 408 00:27:06,790 --> 00:27:10,169 Speaker 1: We just got into God and time with Dr. Craig 409 00:27:10,230 --> 00:27:11,030 Speaker 1: for 13-year-olds. 410 00:27:12,030 --> 00:27:14,890 Speaker 2: Let me just add, for the sake of the students 411 00:27:14,930 --> 00:27:18,889 Speaker 2: who might be listening, therefore, I do think that since 412 00:27:18,950 --> 00:27:23,939 Speaker 2: the moment of creation, that God is in time. Now, 413 00:27:23,960 --> 00:27:27,480 Speaker 2: I don't think that God is susceptible to decay or, 414 00:27:28,140 --> 00:27:31,520 Speaker 2: you know, getting old and decrepit. But I would say 415 00:27:31,580 --> 00:27:36,000 Speaker 2: that he does experience one moment after another in the 416 00:27:36,040 --> 00:27:37,359 Speaker 2: way that we do. 417 00:27:38,119 --> 00:27:39,820 Speaker 1: That makes sense, especially when you think about stuff like 418 00:27:39,859 --> 00:27:45,340 Speaker 1: the incarnation, God entering time and matter roughly 2,000 years ago. 419 00:27:45,380 --> 00:27:47,640 Speaker 4: I don't know how somebody would escape that. 420 00:27:47,660 --> 00:27:49,110 Speaker 3: Yeah. All right. 421 00:27:49,130 --> 00:27:51,970 Speaker 1: So this next question, you could probably talk for three 422 00:27:52,010 --> 00:27:54,330 Speaker 1: days or three weeks straight, but I want to imagine 423 00:27:54,369 --> 00:27:55,109 Speaker 1: we're sitting down. 424 00:27:55,170 --> 00:27:57,450 Speaker 4: I'm 13 years old, and I say, Dr. 425 00:27:57,490 --> 00:28:00,050 Speaker 1: Craig, why should I believe in God? 426 00:28:00,650 --> 00:28:01,290 Speaker 4: What would you say? 427 00:28:01,930 --> 00:28:04,330 Speaker 2: I would say, again, this is a question that can 428 00:28:04,369 --> 00:28:08,290 Speaker 2: be answered in different ways. On the one hand, I 429 00:28:08,369 --> 00:28:12,990 Speaker 2: think that God bears witness to his own reality by 430 00:28:13,770 --> 00:28:18,169 Speaker 2: spiritually speaking to our own hearts. When we hear the 431 00:28:18,190 --> 00:28:23,900 Speaker 2: gospel or read the New Testament, we sense God convicting 432 00:28:23,960 --> 00:28:28,290 Speaker 2: us of our sin, of his love for us, and 433 00:28:28,330 --> 00:28:32,570 Speaker 2: of our need to repent and turn to him for forgiveness. 434 00:28:33,430 --> 00:28:37,060 Speaker 2: And I think that fundamentally the way in which we 435 00:28:37,150 --> 00:28:44,100 Speaker 2: know that God exists is through this testimony that God 436 00:28:44,160 --> 00:28:48,320 Speaker 2: bears spiritually to his own reality. Now that would be 437 00:28:48,360 --> 00:28:52,920 Speaker 2: a sort of interior spiritual way of knowing that God exists. 438 00:28:53,660 --> 00:28:55,820 Speaker 2: But then in addition to that, I do think that 439 00:28:55,860 --> 00:29:00,470 Speaker 2: there's evidence for God's existence, and in my work I've 440 00:29:00,510 --> 00:29:07,010 Speaker 2: defended something like six different arguments for God's existence that 441 00:29:07,110 --> 00:29:12,980 Speaker 2: I think constitute a powerful cumulative case that God exists. 442 00:29:13,820 --> 00:29:17,180 Speaker 2: Now let me add one more wrinkle to this. I 443 00:29:17,240 --> 00:29:21,920 Speaker 2: interpreted the question, why should we believe in God, to 444 00:29:21,980 --> 00:29:28,250 Speaker 2: mean why should we believe that God exists? But That's 445 00:29:28,350 --> 00:29:30,750 Speaker 2: not the depth of the question. Even if you come 446 00:29:30,790 --> 00:29:35,420 Speaker 2: to believe that God exists, you still face the question, 447 00:29:35,900 --> 00:29:39,870 Speaker 2: are you going to believe in God? That is to say, 448 00:29:40,450 --> 00:29:44,440 Speaker 2: are you going to trust him, commit your life to him? 449 00:29:45,400 --> 00:29:49,900 Speaker 2: And that's what salvation is. That's what's really important, not 450 00:29:49,940 --> 00:29:54,380 Speaker 2: just adding another item to your inventory of what exists, 451 00:29:54,960 --> 00:29:59,170 Speaker 2: but whether or not you have that personal trust and 452 00:29:59,300 --> 00:30:03,740 Speaker 2: commitment to God. So I think that we can know 453 00:30:03,800 --> 00:30:07,340 Speaker 2: that God exists both through his own testimony and through 454 00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:11,350 Speaker 2: the evidence, and then we should believe in him because, 455 00:30:11,400 --> 00:30:14,590 Speaker 2: as I say, if he does exist, if it's true, 456 00:30:15,210 --> 00:30:18,350 Speaker 2: then this is the greatest news ever announced, that we 457 00:30:18,410 --> 00:30:26,640 Speaker 2: can know God forever, eternally, fellowship with him. It is 458 00:30:26,680 --> 00:30:28,580 Speaker 2: the fulfillment of human existence. 459 00:30:29,980 --> 00:30:31,940 Speaker 3: So this next question I get asked a lot, but 460 00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:33,500 Speaker 3: also like this is not just a junior high question. 461 00:30:33,520 --> 00:30:35,400 Speaker 3: I know a lot of high school people ask this 462 00:30:35,440 --> 00:30:38,720 Speaker 3: question as well is how can there be one God, 463 00:30:38,940 --> 00:30:41,640 Speaker 3: but then also three gods at the same time? 464 00:30:42,800 --> 00:30:47,340 Speaker 2: There cannot be one God and three gods at the 465 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:51,190 Speaker 2: same time, but that's not what we as Christians believe. 466 00:30:51,790 --> 00:30:56,250 Speaker 2: We believe that there is one God who is three person's. 467 00:30:56,890 --> 00:31:01,640 Speaker 2: In other words, God is a tri-personal being. So I 468 00:31:01,700 --> 00:31:08,520 Speaker 2: think that God is a spiritual being who has three 469 00:31:08,640 --> 00:31:13,890 Speaker 2: centers of self-consciousness, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, 470 00:31:14,990 --> 00:31:20,130 Speaker 2: and each of these is a divine person. So there 471 00:31:20,170 --> 00:31:25,070 Speaker 2: can be one God and three persons in But we 472 00:31:25,110 --> 00:31:28,790 Speaker 2: should not think that there is therefore three gods. 473 00:31:30,070 --> 00:31:32,850 Speaker 1: That's important because sometimes people think the Trinity is one 474 00:31:32,910 --> 00:31:38,170 Speaker 1: person and three persons nonsense, one God and three gods nonsense. 475 00:31:38,890 --> 00:31:42,880 Speaker 1: One God and three persons stretches our ability to fully 476 00:31:42,920 --> 00:31:45,980 Speaker 1: understand and grasp, but we're talking about God's character here, 477 00:31:46,380 --> 00:31:49,880 Speaker 1: but not logically inconsistent and matches on to what the 478 00:31:49,920 --> 00:31:53,700 Speaker 1: Bible teaches. So that's a great, great answer. All right, 479 00:31:53,760 --> 00:31:56,860 Speaker 1: so here's one that came through. The student said, why 480 00:31:56,900 --> 00:31:59,630 Speaker 1: would God select David as his king if he knew 481 00:31:59,730 --> 00:32:03,730 Speaker 1: he would do bad things like commit murder and adultery? 482 00:32:04,350 --> 00:32:08,870 Speaker 2: Well, of course, I don't know God's motives, but I 483 00:32:09,050 --> 00:32:12,260 Speaker 2: would say the answer would be something to the effect 484 00:32:12,800 --> 00:32:17,780 Speaker 2: that God knew that David's murder and adultery would not 485 00:32:18,180 --> 00:32:25,060 Speaker 2: derail God's plans. to bring out of the lineage of 486 00:32:25,140 --> 00:32:31,900 Speaker 2: David the Messiah, Jesus of Nazareth. It was God's plan 487 00:32:31,960 --> 00:32:38,210 Speaker 2: that from David's line, the Messiah would be born, who 488 00:32:38,250 --> 00:32:42,610 Speaker 2: was Jesus. And God knew that even though David was 489 00:32:42,670 --> 00:32:46,210 Speaker 2: a sinful man who committed murder and adultery, this wasn't 490 00:32:46,250 --> 00:32:52,060 Speaker 2: going to derail things. Despite that, God's plan would go forward, 491 00:32:52,450 --> 00:32:55,180 Speaker 2: and so it seems to me that the selection of 492 00:32:55,240 --> 00:32:59,720 Speaker 2: David was not a bad choice in light of God's 493 00:32:59,800 --> 00:33:02,600 Speaker 2: overall purpose. So, Dr. 494 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:04,900 Speaker 3: Craig, how did God get his powers? 495 00:33:06,440 --> 00:33:10,840 Speaker 2: Well, I don't think God got his powers from any place. 496 00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:17,940 Speaker 2: It is simply that God has certain powers essentially. He 497 00:33:18,100 --> 00:33:30,780 Speaker 2: is omnipotent, omniscient, all-good, eternal, necessary. These so-called attributes of 498 00:33:30,860 --> 00:33:38,010 Speaker 2: God are essential to God. Sometimes theologians like to talk 499 00:33:38,070 --> 00:33:44,490 Speaker 2: about God as a maximally great being or a perfect being, 500 00:33:45,130 --> 00:33:49,090 Speaker 2: and when you analyze what would it mean to be 501 00:33:49,350 --> 00:33:54,730 Speaker 2: maximally great, to be perfect, well, then you get attributes 502 00:33:54,840 --> 00:34:00,940 Speaker 2: like all-powerful, all-knowing, all-good, eternal, necessary. And so these are 503 00:34:01,500 --> 00:34:06,460 Speaker 2: the essential properties of a being such as God is. 504 00:34:07,380 --> 00:34:09,180 Speaker 1: Really quickly, to be fair to say the same thing, 505 00:34:09,200 --> 00:34:11,759 Speaker 1: like somebody said, how did the number two get its 506 00:34:12,010 --> 00:34:13,629 Speaker 1: evenness instead of oddness? 507 00:34:14,190 --> 00:34:15,750 Speaker 4: Does that map onto the point? 508 00:34:16,469 --> 00:34:21,319 Speaker 2: That number two... is essentially divisible by two. It is 509 00:34:21,400 --> 00:34:26,859 Speaker 2: essentially an even number. And so it didn't get its 510 00:34:27,420 --> 00:34:29,390 Speaker 2: divisibility by two from anything. 511 00:34:29,410 --> 00:34:30,610 Speaker 4: All right. 512 00:34:30,640 --> 00:34:33,089 Speaker 1: This student has a question that I'm really curious your 513 00:34:33,150 --> 00:34:36,350 Speaker 1: answer on says, do we get to meet biblical characters 514 00:34:36,410 --> 00:34:38,190 Speaker 1: in heaven like King David? 515 00:34:39,210 --> 00:34:44,110 Speaker 2: Well, I think so. Um, because, um, you remember Jesus 516 00:34:44,800 --> 00:34:52,860 Speaker 2: said that, uh, before Abraham was, I am, and indicating 517 00:34:52,880 --> 00:34:56,910 Speaker 2: that he is the God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob. 518 00:34:57,430 --> 00:35:00,270 Speaker 2: And so it seems to me that when we die, 519 00:35:00,290 --> 00:35:05,770 Speaker 2: if we believe in God or in Christ, that we 520 00:35:05,810 --> 00:35:09,649 Speaker 2: don't cease to exist, that we will go to this 521 00:35:09,730 --> 00:35:14,180 Speaker 2: heavenly realm, and there we will be able to meet 522 00:35:14,239 --> 00:35:18,730 Speaker 2: biblical characters like David and even Jesus. 523 00:35:20,489 --> 00:35:24,410 Speaker 3: When we die, do animals go to heaven or hell? 524 00:35:25,680 --> 00:35:30,140 Speaker 2: They certainly don't go to hell. To go to hell, 525 00:35:30,719 --> 00:35:33,460 Speaker 2: you would need to have sinned. You would have to 526 00:35:33,500 --> 00:35:38,450 Speaker 2: do something morally wrong, and animals are not moral agents, 527 00:35:38,860 --> 00:35:43,189 Speaker 2: and therefore they are not evil, and therefore they wouldn't 528 00:35:43,230 --> 00:35:46,739 Speaker 2: go to hell. Do they go to heaven? I know 529 00:35:46,800 --> 00:35:49,680 Speaker 2: a lot of people who think that they will. I 530 00:35:49,760 --> 00:35:55,080 Speaker 2: don't know, honestly. The Bible, I think, doesn't reveal to 531 00:35:55,200 --> 00:35:57,819 Speaker 2: us what heaven is going to be like. I would 532 00:35:57,910 --> 00:36:02,150 Speaker 2: say that we have almost no understanding of what it 533 00:36:02,190 --> 00:36:05,690 Speaker 2: will be like in the new heavens and the new earth. 534 00:36:06,190 --> 00:36:11,840 Speaker 2: But if they do, I sure hope that dinosaurs. 535 00:36:11,410 --> 00:36:15,240 Speaker 4: Are going to be there. Way to bring a full circle. 536 00:36:15,280 --> 00:36:15,739 Speaker 4: I love that. 537 00:36:16,180 --> 00:36:19,140 Speaker 1: All right, we've got three more for you. Does God 538 00:36:19,219 --> 00:36:21,629 Speaker 1: still do miracles today that we can see? 539 00:36:23,030 --> 00:36:31,790 Speaker 2: Well, again, I'm not sure. I have friends who believe 540 00:36:32,110 --> 00:36:37,230 Speaker 2: that miracles of healing and other sorts of miracles that 541 00:36:37,290 --> 00:36:42,590 Speaker 2: are visible and palpable and verifiable do take place today. 542 00:36:43,530 --> 00:36:45,799 Speaker 2: On the other hand, I have other friends who are 543 00:36:45,960 --> 00:36:50,420 Speaker 2: skeptical of many of these claims and have debunked many 544 00:36:50,460 --> 00:36:55,200 Speaker 2: of these and shown that, in fact, these miracles were spurious. 545 00:36:57,140 --> 00:37:01,420 Speaker 2: I've never really studied it in any depth. So I 546 00:37:01,480 --> 00:37:05,620 Speaker 2: think it's an open question. Some Christians believe that God 547 00:37:05,780 --> 00:37:10,339 Speaker 2: no longer does these sort of palpable, visible miracles. Others 548 00:37:10,380 --> 00:37:14,469 Speaker 2: think that he still does. I don't think that we 549 00:37:14,510 --> 00:37:18,379 Speaker 2: can say that God does not do them. I think 550 00:37:18,440 --> 00:37:21,739 Speaker 2: we have to be open to saying that he does them. 551 00:37:21,800 --> 00:37:25,400 Speaker 2: I mean, who are we to bind the hands of 552 00:37:25,460 --> 00:37:28,040 Speaker 2: God and say what he can and cannot do? So 553 00:37:28,739 --> 00:37:34,919 Speaker 2: even if I haven't seen a miracle myself, I would 554 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:39,009 Speaker 2: never rule out the idea that God may do visible 555 00:37:39,070 --> 00:37:40,089 Speaker 2: miracles today. 556 00:37:41,260 --> 00:37:45,259 Speaker 3: So when it comes to abortion, my generation, we have 557 00:37:45,280 --> 00:37:48,239 Speaker 3: lost a third of us. It's a third, and it's 558 00:37:48,280 --> 00:37:51,299 Speaker 3: such a polarizing question in our society. But babies who 559 00:37:51,380 --> 00:37:54,840 Speaker 3: are aborted or babies who are born and they suffer leukemia, 560 00:37:54,880 --> 00:37:57,520 Speaker 3: they die, do those babies go to heaven? 561 00:37:58,890 --> 00:38:04,750 Speaker 2: I think that they do, Sean. Now, Christians disagree on 562 00:38:04,810 --> 00:38:09,180 Speaker 2: this issue. For example— The traditional Roman Catholic view is 563 00:38:09,239 --> 00:38:12,180 Speaker 2: that babies that die do not go to heaven, at 564 00:38:12,200 --> 00:38:16,130 Speaker 2: least unbaptized babies. I'm sorry, I should have qualified that. 565 00:38:16,750 --> 00:38:18,790 Speaker 2: They would say that in order to go to heaven, 566 00:38:19,950 --> 00:38:22,290 Speaker 2: the baby needs to be baptized. But if the baby 567 00:38:22,330 --> 00:38:25,050 Speaker 2: dies and is unbaptized, he does not go to heaven, 568 00:38:25,580 --> 00:38:27,980 Speaker 2: neither does he go to hell because he's not done 569 00:38:28,040 --> 00:38:31,500 Speaker 2: anything wrong. He goes to a kind of intermediate state 570 00:38:31,600 --> 00:38:37,210 Speaker 2: called limbo. Well, I don't find that in the New Testament. Instead, 571 00:38:37,290 --> 00:38:41,469 Speaker 2: what I find is Jesus rebuking his disciples when they 572 00:38:41,510 --> 00:38:44,649 Speaker 2: try to shoo away the little children, and he says, 573 00:38:44,810 --> 00:38:47,350 Speaker 2: let the little children come to me, for such is 574 00:38:47,430 --> 00:38:51,150 Speaker 2: the kingdom of heaven. So I think that gives us 575 00:38:51,250 --> 00:38:58,950 Speaker 2: great hope for those who die in infancy having done 576 00:38:59,030 --> 00:39:03,310 Speaker 2: something neither right nor wrong. I would say that the 577 00:39:03,670 --> 00:39:09,710 Speaker 2: atoning death of Christ is can cover them as well 578 00:39:10,650 --> 00:39:13,089 Speaker 2: to fit them for heaven as he does us. 579 00:39:13,469 --> 00:39:16,000 Speaker 1: I got to tell you, we got through 20 of these. 580 00:39:16,100 --> 00:39:18,600 Speaker 1: We have one more question for you. I wasn't sure 581 00:39:18,620 --> 00:39:20,060 Speaker 1: we were going to get through this in an hour, 582 00:39:20,100 --> 00:39:22,580 Speaker 1: but you are so on point and kept it at 583 00:39:22,640 --> 00:39:24,049 Speaker 1: the level that we asked you to. 584 00:39:24,070 --> 00:39:25,430 Speaker 2: Oh, I hope so. 585 00:39:25,910 --> 00:39:26,469 Speaker 3: Oh, you did. 586 00:39:26,750 --> 00:39:29,589 Speaker 1: Well, we'll get some feedback from junior hires and let 587 00:39:29,630 --> 00:39:29,950 Speaker 1: them be there. 588 00:39:30,290 --> 00:39:31,690 Speaker 4: Judge when it's all said and done. 589 00:39:31,969 --> 00:39:32,569 Speaker 2: Let me know. 590 00:39:32,590 --> 00:39:33,920 Speaker 3: Okay, you got it. 591 00:39:34,750 --> 00:39:36,530 Speaker 1: Here's this last one. I thought it was just interesting. 592 00:39:36,570 --> 00:39:38,989 Speaker 1: I'm just fascinated to see where you take this. They said, 593 00:39:39,030 --> 00:39:42,319 Speaker 1: why did God make us with our body shapes? Why 594 00:39:42,360 --> 00:39:44,279 Speaker 1: did he make us as we are? 595 00:39:45,660 --> 00:39:51,480 Speaker 2: Now, again, we can only speculate about this. But I've 596 00:39:51,560 --> 00:39:56,960 Speaker 2: read a little bit on biology and human anatomy, and 597 00:39:57,500 --> 00:40:02,500 Speaker 2: it is remarkable, Sean, the degree to which the human 598 00:40:02,840 --> 00:40:10,739 Speaker 2: hand shapes our intelligence and culture and everything that we're 599 00:40:10,800 --> 00:40:16,370 Speaker 2: able to accomplish intellectually. We have an opposable thumb. to 600 00:40:16,450 --> 00:40:20,170 Speaker 2: our fingers that makes us able to grasp things and 601 00:40:20,190 --> 00:40:23,629 Speaker 2: to do things and manipulate things in a way that, say, 602 00:40:23,670 --> 00:40:31,280 Speaker 2: a chimpanzee cannot. And having this sort of bodily shape 603 00:40:31,960 --> 00:40:38,859 Speaker 2: is essential to our intellectual and cultural development. So we 604 00:40:38,980 --> 00:40:41,910 Speaker 2: could not have been made, say, with tentacles like an 605 00:40:42,070 --> 00:40:47,339 Speaker 2: octopus or with claws and paws like a bear or 606 00:40:47,360 --> 00:40:53,009 Speaker 2: a cat. We needed to have a bodily shape that 607 00:40:53,090 --> 00:40:58,570 Speaker 2: would enable us to develop intellectually and culturally as we have. 608 00:40:58,650 --> 00:41:01,529 Speaker 2: So we could have been somewhat different. I mean, even 609 00:41:01,630 --> 00:41:08,510 Speaker 2: primitive human beings looked different. Neanderthals had somewhat different features 610 00:41:08,550 --> 00:41:14,540 Speaker 2: than we do. And we could imagine extraterrestrials like Klingons 611 00:41:15,020 --> 00:41:18,440 Speaker 2: that also have arms and legs and fingers and so forth, 612 00:41:18,900 --> 00:41:21,920 Speaker 2: and so could be culturally and intellectually advanced. They could 613 00:41:21,940 --> 00:41:26,839 Speaker 2: look different than us. But this fundamental kind of shape 614 00:41:27,300 --> 00:41:33,850 Speaker 2: seems to be necessary for our intellectual and cultural and 615 00:41:33,910 --> 00:41:34,830 Speaker 2: moral development. 616 00:41:35,969 --> 00:41:36,870 Speaker 4: That is a great response. 617 00:41:37,010 --> 00:41:38,710 Speaker 1: I'm not even sure what I thought you were going 618 00:41:38,750 --> 00:41:40,250 Speaker 1: to say, but I didn't think we were going to 619 00:41:40,310 --> 00:41:43,550 Speaker 1: opposable thumbs, but it makes sense that God has matched 620 00:41:43,690 --> 00:41:47,149 Speaker 1: our brains with our bodies to be able to do 621 00:41:47,230 --> 00:41:50,200 Speaker 1: things for a purpose to live out, of course, his 622 00:41:50,360 --> 00:41:51,420 Speaker 1: image through us. 623 00:41:52,219 --> 00:41:54,220 Speaker 4: So I, I love that. Do you have one more? 624 00:41:54,280 --> 00:41:56,700 Speaker 3: I have two questions that I'd like to ask. If you, 625 00:41:56,800 --> 00:41:59,279 Speaker 3: what would you tell a 13 year old who's just 626 00:41:59,460 --> 00:42:02,319 Speaker 3: working through their faith? They're showing up to church. What 627 00:42:02,340 --> 00:42:05,049 Speaker 3: would you tell them? What next steps would you tell them? 628 00:42:05,090 --> 00:42:07,580 Speaker 3: They're just trying to figure out who Jesus is. Yeah. 629 00:42:08,500 --> 00:42:12,390 Speaker 2: I would tell that person to really be careful of 630 00:42:12,469 --> 00:42:18,410 Speaker 2: his spiritual life, not to succumb to temptation, not to 631 00:42:18,450 --> 00:42:22,380 Speaker 2: give in to sin, because that will create a rift 632 00:42:22,900 --> 00:42:28,320 Speaker 2: between you and God. He will seem increasingly distant and unreal. 633 00:42:28,880 --> 00:42:33,020 Speaker 2: And therefore, you need to keep really short accounts with God. 634 00:42:33,080 --> 00:42:36,740 Speaker 2: When you sense that you sinned, confess it right away, 635 00:42:37,239 --> 00:42:40,719 Speaker 2: and ask God to cleanse you and restore you. I 636 00:42:40,760 --> 00:42:45,940 Speaker 2: think maintaining that spiritual walk is the most important thing 637 00:42:45,960 --> 00:42:49,640 Speaker 2: that this young person can do. And then I suppose 638 00:42:49,900 --> 00:42:52,779 Speaker 2: after that would be to find some sort of mentor 639 00:42:52,860 --> 00:42:59,160 Speaker 2: like yourself, whom he trusts, whom he admires, who models 640 00:42:59,760 --> 00:43:03,589 Speaker 2: what it's like to be an intellectually engaged Christian and 641 00:43:03,670 --> 00:43:05,210 Speaker 2: to learn from that person. 642 00:43:06,070 --> 00:43:08,330 Speaker 3: The last question that I have is what advice would 643 00:43:08,350 --> 00:43:11,390 Speaker 3: you give to the next generation of apologists? Like myself, 644 00:43:11,430 --> 00:43:13,290 Speaker 3: we just had a girl named Belle Lou on our show. 645 00:43:13,350 --> 00:43:16,470 Speaker 3: Who's who's up and coming. Someone like Bryce Crawford. What are, 646 00:43:16,520 --> 00:43:19,180 Speaker 3: what advice would you give to the next generation of apologists? 647 00:43:21,120 --> 00:43:25,080 Speaker 2: Well, I think first of all, as I've said before, 648 00:43:25,140 --> 00:43:30,719 Speaker 2: you need to put in a store of logic. You, 649 00:43:31,219 --> 00:43:35,520 Speaker 2: It's absolutely essential that you learn the basic rules of logic. 650 00:43:35,980 --> 00:43:39,560 Speaker 2: This will enable you to formulate valid arguments and to 651 00:43:39,640 --> 00:43:48,130 Speaker 2: detect invalidities in bad arguments. So learn some logic. And 652 00:43:48,170 --> 00:43:50,450 Speaker 2: then I think my other piece of advice would be 653 00:43:51,130 --> 00:43:56,750 Speaker 2: select a field or an area to specialize in that 654 00:43:57,070 --> 00:44:01,680 Speaker 2: really excites you. Don't choose an area because you think 655 00:44:01,760 --> 00:44:06,120 Speaker 2: it's important in our culture or important to the cause 656 00:44:06,160 --> 00:44:09,950 Speaker 2: of Christ. That won't give you the sustaining power that 657 00:44:09,989 --> 00:44:13,109 Speaker 2: you need. What you should do is choose something that 658 00:44:13,150 --> 00:44:19,569 Speaker 2: you're passionate about, really care about, and then specialize in 659 00:44:19,650 --> 00:44:24,379 Speaker 2: that area of apologetics and go deeper there. So your 660 00:44:24,420 --> 00:44:27,960 Speaker 2: knowledge can be kind of like a broad pond that 661 00:44:28,580 --> 00:44:32,400 Speaker 2: that is not very deep everywhere, but then there'll be 662 00:44:32,440 --> 00:44:34,940 Speaker 2: a pit right in the center of it where your 663 00:44:34,980 --> 00:44:38,319 Speaker 2: knowledge is very deep. And you can speak to that 664 00:44:38,380 --> 00:44:42,050 Speaker 2: with authority because you've studied it more than others. 665 00:44:42,739 --> 00:44:43,280 Speaker 4: You know, Dr. 666 00:44:43,310 --> 00:44:45,310 Speaker 1: Craig, you probably wouldn't remember this, but back to when 667 00:44:45,330 --> 00:44:47,750 Speaker 1: you were teaching a class at Talbot School of Theology, 668 00:44:47,770 --> 00:44:50,489 Speaker 1: I was doing the MA field program of which we 669 00:44:50,670 --> 00:44:53,770 Speaker 1: offer logic here. And I asked you, I was like, 670 00:44:53,830 --> 00:44:56,390 Speaker 1: I'm not sure if I should do another master's in theology. 671 00:44:56,410 --> 00:44:58,529 Speaker 4: And you just said, well, do you love it? And 672 00:44:58,570 --> 00:45:00,080 Speaker 4: I was like, yeah. He said, well, then do it. 673 00:45:01,630 --> 00:45:03,340 Speaker 4: And similar advice my dad gave me. 674 00:45:03,370 --> 00:45:06,630 Speaker 1: So I did a double master's in theology and in philosophy. 675 00:45:07,250 --> 00:45:10,009 Speaker 1: And so learning logic, which I learned in the MA 676 00:45:10,110 --> 00:45:12,779 Speaker 1: Phil program, has just served me well. 677 00:45:13,300 --> 00:45:14,000 Speaker 4: I've told you this. 678 00:45:14,100 --> 00:45:16,580 Speaker 1: I mean that program was– it's not an overstatement to 679 00:45:16,620 --> 00:45:20,200 Speaker 1: say it was life-changing for me, my clarity and my confidence. 680 00:45:20,260 --> 00:45:23,060 Speaker 1: And that's one reason I'm still here at Biola at 681 00:45:23,120 --> 00:45:24,219 Speaker 1: Talbot School of Theology. 682 00:45:24,600 --> 00:45:25,600 Speaker 4: But I also love it. 683 00:45:25,739 --> 00:45:28,850 Speaker 1: I mean I just wake up every day– except grading days, 684 00:45:28,950 --> 00:45:32,230 Speaker 1: but every other day excited about what I get to do. 685 00:45:32,710 --> 00:45:36,290 Speaker 1: And so that advice you just gave serve, I think, 686 00:45:36,610 --> 00:45:37,510 Speaker 1: is wonderful advice. 687 00:45:37,610 --> 00:45:41,279 Speaker 2: That is great. And what a powerful combination, Sean, to 688 00:45:41,320 --> 00:45:44,560 Speaker 2: have philosophy and theology together. 689 00:45:45,120 --> 00:45:46,160 Speaker 4: Maybe sometime we'll have you back. 690 00:45:46,200 --> 00:45:47,500 Speaker 1: We don't want to wear out our welcome to just 691 00:45:47,560 --> 00:45:51,700 Speaker 1: talk about really practical advice for the next generation of apologists. 692 00:45:51,760 --> 00:45:53,850 Speaker 1: I think there's a lot of people that would love 693 00:45:53,890 --> 00:45:56,850 Speaker 1: that wisdom from you. So maybe we'll circle back to that. 694 00:45:57,390 --> 00:45:59,609 Speaker 1: In due time. All right, friends, tell us what you 695 00:45:59,630 --> 00:46:01,930 Speaker 1: think about this. This is a unique show. We've never 696 00:46:01,969 --> 00:46:04,390 Speaker 1: done anything like this before. Scott and I are trying 697 00:46:04,410 --> 00:46:06,110 Speaker 1: to think of, like, what are some fun shows we 698 00:46:06,130 --> 00:46:06,750 Speaker 1: could do together? 699 00:46:07,210 --> 00:46:07,570 Speaker 4: Dr. 700 00:46:07,610 --> 00:46:11,600 Speaker 1: Craig was willing to take questions on angels, dinosaurs, fire 701 00:46:11,620 --> 00:46:14,100 Speaker 1: swords in Genesis. 702 00:46:14,140 --> 00:46:14,960 Speaker 2: Potty training. 703 00:46:16,840 --> 00:46:17,680 Speaker 4: Potty training. 704 00:46:18,060 --> 00:46:20,040 Speaker 1: This is one of the most fun interviews I've done 705 00:46:20,200 --> 00:46:23,549 Speaker 1: in a long time. So, folks, make sure you hit subscribe. 706 00:46:23,590 --> 00:46:25,549 Speaker 1: You don't want to miss other programs we have coming up. 707 00:46:25,890 --> 00:46:27,529 Speaker 1: And we'd love to have you come study with us 708 00:46:27,610 --> 00:46:31,450 Speaker 1: at Talbot School of Theology, either in philosophy or in apologetics. 709 00:46:31,530 --> 00:46:33,049 Speaker 1: If you're not ready to quite do that, we have 710 00:46:33,070 --> 00:46:36,580 Speaker 1: a certificate below with a significant discount. We'd love to 711 00:46:36,640 --> 00:46:39,520 Speaker 1: help start training you in the world of apologetics. 712 00:46:39,940 --> 00:46:40,220 Speaker 2: Dr. 713 00:46:40,260 --> 00:46:42,759 Speaker 4: Craig, so much fun. Thanks for being willing to do this. 714 00:46:42,800 --> 00:46:43,540 Speaker 4: You did a great job. 715 00:46:44,160 --> 00:46:44,700 Speaker 2: My pleasure.