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Speaker 1: Everything you need to start your day. We all have

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Speaker 1: a voice, use yours call OH to one double four

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Speaker 1: six oh five six seven, join the conversation. I k talk,

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Speaker 1: but let me go now to Professor Linder Gelbecker, CEO

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Speaker 1: of the DESM to Do Health Foundation, and what's been

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Speaker 1: held as one of the greatest breakthroughs in the fight

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Speaker 1: against HIV and AIDS. In fact, Lena Kappover has been

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Speaker 1: described as the new benchmark in the science of HIV prevention.

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Speaker 1: Now the Department of Health announcing the arrival of South

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Speaker 1: Africa's first batch of what is being described as a

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Speaker 1: groundbreaking HIV prevention medication. It's an injectable drug that's administered

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Speaker 1: every six months and it demonstrates up to ninety nine

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Speaker 1: point nine percent efficacy in preventing HIV infections. Professor Linde

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Speaker 1: Gelbecker joins me. Now, good morningland Go really appreciate your

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Speaker 1: time talking to me about the efficacy. What does the

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Speaker 1: research tell us how far does this go to reducing

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Speaker 1: possibly new HIV in vecterans, particularly in South Africa.

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Speaker 2: Hi lester, Yeah, our country participated in both registrational trials

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Speaker 2: that were meant to teach us how Lenna kappavia as

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Speaker 2: a pre exposure prophylactic would work both in women who

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Speaker 2: have sex with men and other populations, and particularly in

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Speaker 2: the woman's study. We had twenty five out of twenty

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Speaker 2: eight of the sites here in South Africa, we showed

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Speaker 2: one hundred percent efficacy of lenna kapavia in these women

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Speaker 2: age sixteen to twenty five, So really extraordinary results we've

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Speaker 2: never seen before.

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Speaker 1: And that is very important. But also how do we

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Speaker 1: ensure if we have the preventative medication now quite a

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Speaker 1: positive pre exposure prophylactic, how do we get people to

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Speaker 1: public health facilities? The recent reports late twenty four late

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Speaker 1: early twenty five confirming a measurable decline in several areas

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Speaker 1: of reproductive health fertilization. The medication is here, now, how

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Speaker 1: do we ensure that people make positive reproductive health choices?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, so we still have I mean, people need to

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Speaker 2: know that HIV is still very much in our lives.

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Speaker 2: So we had one hundred and eighty thousand new infections

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Speaker 2: last year alone, and this medication is to prevent HIV.

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Speaker 2: So you're right, les, do we want people to come

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Speaker 2: in seeking sexual reproductive health services and to consider pre

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Speaker 2: exposure prophylaxis as one of the components of that. And

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Speaker 2: it really is up to particularly young people who are

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Speaker 2: sick active to think about whether they could benefit from

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Speaker 2: this and then make their way into our public sector clinics.

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Speaker 1: Where has our reproductive health education advocacy being over the

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Speaker 1: last one The campaign that is that sticks in my

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Speaker 1: mind over the last ten years is the trial of

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Speaker 1: male late stage male circumcision to decrease the prevalence of

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Speaker 1: transition for for for men. I do remember plenty of

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Speaker 1: discussion even public health PSAs on television and radio, but

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Speaker 1: broadly on what is available, whether it is prep for

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Speaker 1: men who have sex with men or whether it is

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Speaker 1: Lena Kapevia. Where is the public health messaging saying the

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Speaker 1: options are year to love a positive, repriductive health lifestyle.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, so, you know, I think we have to keep

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Speaker 2: those conversations up and also you know, make them modern

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Speaker 2: and pleasurable. I suppose, because people do get tired and

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Speaker 2: fatigued and think HIV and sdis are over and that's

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Speaker 2: not the case. Also, we know that this needs to

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Speaker 2: fit into people's lifestyles and that's why having these multiple

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Speaker 2: options for prevention is so important. So you know, an

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Speaker 2: injection might work for somebody, but male circumcision may work

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Speaker 2: for somebody else, Condoms may work for somebody else, And

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Speaker 2: it's important that we really make sure that everybody has

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Speaker 2: a prevention method that is going to work best for

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Speaker 2: them until we have a vaccine, and obviously that day

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Speaker 2: hasn't arrived. It's been difficult to discover an HIV vaccine

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Speaker 2: that is effective. But in the meantime, these prevent methods

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Speaker 2: can save somebody from becoming infected.

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Speaker 1: And with a ninety nine point nine percent efficacy for

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Speaker 1: Lena Kappavis, that's the closest we're getting to some or

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Speaker 1: what we would call a vaccine. It's not a vaccine,

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Speaker 1: it's a prophylaxis, but is the closest we're getting for

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Speaker 1: the time being. This is our best shot for particularly

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Speaker 1: with women, to lower our numbers when it comes to

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Speaker 1: new infections.

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Speaker 2: That's exactly it. The wonderful thing about this, of course,

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Speaker 2: is that it's an injection. You don't have to leave

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Speaker 2: with pills, and it lasts for six months. You do

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Speaker 2: have to come back. Lester, I think it's really important

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Speaker 2: to say this is an anti viral agent, so you've

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Speaker 2: got to come and top it up every six months

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Speaker 2: with another injection, and so that's what makes it a

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Speaker 2: bit different to a vaccine. But this only having to

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Speaker 2: do it twice a year is absolutely a groundbreaking difference.

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Speaker 1: Where's the balance in what is really remarkable breakthroughs when

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Speaker 1: it comes to HIV and AIDS transmission, But where does

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Speaker 1: this also leave the conversation in other SDI transmission? What

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Speaker 1: we're what we're reading some of the research coming out

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Speaker 1: of the City of Cape Town's Health department that fewer

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Speaker 1: and fewer younger people are presenting for the choices, but

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Speaker 1: also more presenting with SDI infections. Where's the conversation saying, yes,

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Speaker 1: we have this remarkable breakthrough when it comes to HIV,

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Speaker 1: but HIV is not the only SDI.

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Speaker 2: Correct, absolutely right. We still have really a global epidemic

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Speaker 2: of sexually transmitted infections. Do you know almost a million

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Speaker 2: people become infected every single day with some kind of

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Speaker 2: SDI in the world. So this is extraordinary, you know,

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Speaker 2: prevalent and very much again in the South African public

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Speaker 2: health space. And you know, the way that we can

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Speaker 2: be sure about this is know your partner who you know,

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Speaker 2: be sure about your sexual well being yourself, and of

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Speaker 2: course latex condoms are still the best way to prevent

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Speaker 2: any sexually transmitted infections. Lena Kapavia prevents HIV and that

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Speaker 2: is really really important. But we have to also be

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Speaker 2: thinking about contraception if we're worried about conceiving and of

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Speaker 2: course sexually transmitted infection. So this becomes a sexual reproductive

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Speaker 2: health package, and we need to make sure that young

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Speaker 2: people in South Africa know what is out there, what

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Speaker 2: their options are and how they can best, you know,

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Speaker 2: look after themselves.

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Speaker 1: Sam, I'm a progressive parent who has spoke about reproductive

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Speaker 1: health choses with what may be a a sexually active

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Speaker 1: young person in my home. I talk about the options

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Speaker 1: around all sorts of contraceptive I assist in the information

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Speaker 1: of being on the pull or the injection or some

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Speaker 1: sort of of of of prophylaxis. Should parents be having

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Speaker 1: a conversation not just about the prevention of pregnancy, but

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Speaker 1: the prevention of HIV having the conversation if I know

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Speaker 1: that my particularly my daughter is HIV not HIV is

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Speaker 1: sexually active, then I say, well, let's let's let's approach

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Speaker 1: our doctor and let's talk about the contraceptive options, but

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Speaker 1: then let's also preemptively take a once every six month injection.

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Speaker 1: What's your thoughts on that.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, I think I'm also a parent, and

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Speaker 2: I know it's very scary as they get older and

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Speaker 2: one thinks about, you know, all the harms and dangers

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Speaker 2: out there, but it is also normal and natural that

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Speaker 2: people start to discover their sexuality and their sexual beings.

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Speaker 2: And as parents, we obviously want the best for our children.

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Speaker 2: So I think this is a harm reduction approach where

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Speaker 2: we say, how do we make sure that this can

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Speaker 2: be done safely, that they can do it in a

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Speaker 2: healthy way. And I think if those conversations are being

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Speaker 2: had honestly, we can also introduce things like, you know,

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Speaker 2: sex should be also within a setting where we have

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Speaker 2: feelings for somebody we you know, and those conversations then

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Speaker 2: open up where relationship building, et cetera can come into

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Speaker 2: the conversation. But really, I think once we've got the

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Speaker 2: safety and the protection taken care of, then other conversations

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Speaker 2: around what is a healthy relationship, how do we navigate

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Speaker 2: healthy relationships can also come into the conversation, So, you know,

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Speaker 2: encourage parents to think about that. It's difficult. Those conversations

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Speaker 2: are hard, but I think it is, you know, the

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Speaker 2: new era that we need to be going into.

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Speaker 1: Professor Linda Gelberka CIO of the Desmonduta Health Foundation also

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Speaker 1: part of this research study in Lena, Kapevia showing a

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Speaker 1: ninety nine point nine percent efficacy in the prevention of

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Speaker 1: a new HIV infection