WEBVTT - Is it time for Ukraine to cut a deal? 0:00:00.960 --> 0:00:04.360 Tonight to ten. We're live in Ukraine, a country at 0:00:04.519 --> 0:00:09.040 war after a huge Russian military offensive by land, sea 0:00:09.080 --> 0:00:09.680 and air. 0:00:09.880 --> 0:00:13.280 When Russia struck Ukraine four years ago, it kicked off 0:00:13.320 --> 0:00:16.800 the first full scale war in Europe since World War Two. 0:00:17.440 --> 0:00:20.919 The onslaught began just before dawn with a barrage of 0:00:20.960 --> 0:00:25.080 missiles on multiple targets right across the country. 0:00:26.040 --> 0:00:33.800 Against all odds and doom and gloom scenarios, Ukraine didn't fall. 0:00:34.040 --> 0:00:36.720 Ukraine is alive and kigging. 0:00:38.159 --> 0:00:41.760 You're and my cousin served in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. 0:00:41.960 --> 0:00:45.280 He was a combat medic and he went to serve 0:00:45.400 --> 0:00:48.639 since the very first days of Russia's full scale invasion. 0:00:49.080 --> 0:00:52.760 Katarina Arjuru lives in Sydney, but she's originally from Ukraine. 0:00:53.159 --> 0:00:55.920 He was targeted by an enemy drone and a Russian 0:00:56.000 --> 0:01:00.880 drone hit him and killed him on the spot, something 0:01:00.880 --> 0:01:06.080 that was completely unexpected and completely tore our parts apart 0:01:06.080 --> 0:01:07.440 and our family apart. 0:01:07.680 --> 0:01:11.120 With no sign of a peace still coming, Ukrainian families 0:01:11.200 --> 0:01:14.840 are bracing for even more loss. They're also freezing through 0:01:14.880 --> 0:01:17.880 winter because Russia has knocked out large parts of the 0:01:17.920 --> 0:01:18.880 electricity grid. 0:01:19.160 --> 0:01:22.640 The heavy borrowers have left Ukraine's grids and power stations 0:01:22.640 --> 0:01:26.080 in their worst states since the war begun. And it's 0:01:26.120 --> 0:01:29.679 a vicious cycle because as soon as CRUs restore hitting, 0:01:30.120 --> 0:01:31.200 Russia strikes again. 0:01:35.440 --> 0:01:39.440 I'm Nicole Johnston and you're listening to seven AM today 0:01:39.680 --> 0:01:44.520 Katerina Arjaru, chair of the Australian Federation of Ukrainian Organizations, 0:01:44.840 --> 0:01:47.640 on traveling through a war torn country and is it 0:01:47.760 --> 0:01:54.440 time for Ukraine to cut a deal? It's Wednesday, February 0:01:54.440 --> 0:02:02.680 twenty five. Katerina. I know you as an advocate for 0:02:02.720 --> 0:02:06.520 your community here in Australia, but you're also deeply connected 0:02:06.520 --> 0:02:09.960 to your country back home, and your mom still lives there. 0:02:10.440 --> 0:02:13.519 You just returned from seeing her. How is she surviving 0:02:13.520 --> 0:02:13.919 the wall? 0:02:14.400 --> 0:02:18.639 My mom is recovering from an injury that she sustained 0:02:18.639 --> 0:02:22.320 as a result of a Russian missile attack. The missile 0:02:22.560 --> 0:02:25.800 hit the building right next to hers. As a result, 0:02:25.919 --> 0:02:29.640 all the windows in her apartment blew out, her bedroom 0:02:29.720 --> 0:02:32.440 door blew out. She was thrown across the room. She 0:02:32.520 --> 0:02:34.920 hit her head on the wall. She had a major 0:02:35.639 --> 0:02:38.680 head injury, which resulted in her going to hospital. She 0:02:38.760 --> 0:02:43.480 was hospitalized number of brain scans later. She's still suffering 0:02:43.520 --> 0:02:48.080 and recovering from that injury. This happened back in August. 0:02:48.600 --> 0:02:51.600 I received a photo from my mom and the photo 0:02:51.919 --> 0:02:55.400 was of her bedroom. All the windows shattered, and there 0:02:55.600 --> 0:02:58.320 was a photo on the ground of my sister and 0:02:58.360 --> 0:03:00.720 I when we were children, And right away I realized 0:03:00.720 --> 0:03:02.919 that that was my mom's apartment. I realized that was 0:03:02.960 --> 0:03:06.280 my mom's bedroom because I remember exactly where that photo stood. 0:03:06.720 --> 0:03:08.800 And I called her right away and I asked what happened, 0:03:08.840 --> 0:03:10.639 and she said, I still have ringing in my ears. 0:03:10.639 --> 0:03:13.080 I have no idea how this happened. But there are 0:03:13.080 --> 0:03:16.240 no windows, there are no doors, but luckily she survived. 0:03:17.080 --> 0:03:20.200 It is the middle of winter in Ukraine now, and 0:03:20.280 --> 0:03:24.760 for the last few months, Russia has been heavily targeting 0:03:25.040 --> 0:03:30.359 the country's infrastructure. It's electricity grid. There's big blackouts. Could 0:03:30.400 --> 0:03:34.280 you tell us about exactly what's happening, what they're hitting 0:03:34.360 --> 0:03:36.200 and how people are getting through the winter. 0:03:36.480 --> 0:03:40.920 Yeah, Russia is systematically currently during winter targeting the energy grid. 0:03:41.040 --> 0:03:44.400 So every single power plant in Ukraine has been hit. 0:03:44.600 --> 0:03:46.960 There isn't a single power plant in Ukraine that hasn't 0:03:46.960 --> 0:03:49.640 been damaged. A lot of them have been completely destroyed. 0:03:49.880 --> 0:03:54.000 There's no heating, there's no light because there is no electricity, 0:03:54.000 --> 0:03:58.400 there's no pumps to pump water, so you are left 0:03:58.440 --> 0:04:02.720 with millions of people just in Kiva alone, completely without 0:04:02.800 --> 0:04:05.320 any source of power. And at the time that I 0:04:05.360 --> 0:04:07.680 was there, it was minus thirteen. Since that time, the 0:04:07.800 --> 0:04:10.440 temperature has dropped even further. So sometimes there were nights 0:04:10.440 --> 0:04:13.400 where it was minus twenty minus twenty two outside, which 0:04:13.400 --> 0:04:16.880 means that in the apartment it's not as bad, but 0:04:16.920 --> 0:04:18.440 it's still negative temperatures. 0:04:18.680 --> 0:04:21.960 There's been no heating here for more than two weeks, 0:04:21.960 --> 0:04:24.640 and power cuts mean the lifts rarely work. 0:04:25.120 --> 0:04:30.000 Cool cool, cold, cold, It's very cold. I walk around shevering, 0:04:30.160 --> 0:04:32.640 especially in the mornings. I wake up and it's awful. 0:04:33.240 --> 0:04:35.640 Everything is I see. I turn on the oven and 0:04:35.760 --> 0:04:39.039 just tend their warming myself. What else can my mom had, 0:04:39.240 --> 0:04:42.720 you know, plants that were around the apartment, all of 0:04:42.800 --> 0:04:46.240 them frozen. Water and cups that was left in the 0:04:46.320 --> 0:04:51.080 sink completely frozen, even water in the toilet frozen. Luckily, 0:04:51.120 --> 0:04:53.200 my mom had a gas stove, so we tried to 0:04:53.360 --> 0:04:55.760 heat things on the gas stove, but many people don't 0:04:55.800 --> 0:04:58.479 have that, they have electric stoves. So you're completely cut 0:04:58.520 --> 0:05:02.680 off from everything. You're literally in the dark ages. You're 0:05:02.720 --> 0:05:05.280 sitting there shivering, sleeping, and I was sleeping in a 0:05:05.320 --> 0:05:08.600 fur coat with three blankets over me, saying with my mom, 0:05:09.000 --> 0:05:12.679 and you still feel this bone chilling cold. The days 0:05:12.680 --> 0:05:15.159 are very short. We would get live probably in the 0:05:15.160 --> 0:05:18.080 morning at around eight o'clock. By the time four o'clock hit, 0:05:18.120 --> 0:05:20.880 it would already be pitch dark outside, so you're living 0:05:20.920 --> 0:05:25.159 in this darkness constantly. You go outside, everything's covered in eyes. 0:05:25.560 --> 0:05:30.160 Everybody's slipping and falling down. I fell down several times myself. 0:05:30.480 --> 0:05:33.520 Then you have this smell of gasoline and diesel in 0:05:33.560 --> 0:05:38.520 the air because every single store, shop, cafe is running 0:05:38.520 --> 0:05:41.440 on a generator. You hear this incredible sound of just 0:05:42.320 --> 0:05:45.479 through the entire street and the entire city, because there's 0:05:45.600 --> 0:05:49.880 generators operating literally every three steps that you take. So 0:05:49.960 --> 0:05:52.840 it's just this incredible feeling of people trying to do 0:05:52.880 --> 0:05:54.839 what they can to survive and live another day. 0:05:59.480 --> 0:06:02.600 Also, on this trip that you just had, you visited 0:06:03.040 --> 0:06:07.159 the really strategically important city of Odessa. Why did you 0:06:07.240 --> 0:06:10.600 decide to go there, what's happening there and why is 0:06:10.640 --> 0:06:13.080 it so important for Ukraine? To hold onto it. 0:06:13.160 --> 0:06:16.960 Odessa, first of all, is a very key strategic city 0:06:17.240 --> 0:06:20.880 in Ukraine. It's on It's located on the Black Sea, 0:06:21.279 --> 0:06:23.960 it is a major port. It is a city where 0:06:24.120 --> 0:06:27.400 a lot of trade goes through. Russia has been targeting 0:06:27.440 --> 0:06:30.000 not only the energy grid and Odessa and Odessa oblist, 0:06:30.040 --> 0:06:32.960 but it's been targeting the port specifically, and that's to 0:06:33.080 --> 0:06:37.160 cripple Ukraine's ability to trade and ability to sustain itself 0:06:37.160 --> 0:06:40.320 in any possible way. But also it's a huge cultural 0:06:40.360 --> 0:06:44.880 center of Ukraine. There is a lot of historically significant 0:06:44.920 --> 0:06:48.000 buildings there that Russia is also destroying, so they are 0:06:48.040 --> 0:06:49.839 attacking on multiple fronts. 0:06:49.960 --> 0:06:53.760 Firefighters battle another night of Russian bombardment in the Ukrainian 0:06:53.839 --> 0:06:55.920 port city of Odessa in the south. 0:06:56.080 --> 0:06:59.640 Toll from Friday's late attack on Odessa has risen it 0:06:59.680 --> 0:07:03.159 to a Some of the twenty seven reported injured. What 0:07:03.279 --> 0:07:05.359 any bus when the attack happened. 0:07:05.760 --> 0:07:09.320 As I was driving to Odessa, I had to cross 0:07:09.360 --> 0:07:14.880 over a bridge that connected Moldova to Ukraine, and it 0:07:15.080 --> 0:07:18.200 was that bridge a week before that was hit by 0:07:18.360 --> 0:07:23.040 Russian drowns. So as I was driving, there was only 0:07:23.080 --> 0:07:25.440 one lane that was open, and there was a lady 0:07:25.440 --> 0:07:27.560 that was driving me, and the lady was saying, if 0:07:27.600 --> 0:07:29.240 you look to the right, you can see where the 0:07:29.240 --> 0:07:31.160 first drone hit and there was a massive hole in 0:07:31.200 --> 0:07:33.120 this bridge. Then if you look further to the right, 0:07:33.160 --> 0:07:35.520 you can see where the second drone hit, again a 0:07:35.560 --> 0:07:38.840 massive hole in the bridge. So Russia was systematically trying 0:07:38.880 --> 0:07:45.480 to cut off that point of transport. And as we 0:07:45.560 --> 0:07:47.880 crossed the bridge, I saw a massive flash of light. 0:07:47.920 --> 0:07:49.640 We were driving at about nine pm, so it was 0:07:49.680 --> 0:07:52.120 pitch black, a massive flash of light on the horizon, 0:07:52.320 --> 0:07:55.000 and that was a missile strike that hit Odessa as 0:07:55.040 --> 0:07:58.960 we were driving in. And because we had the head 0:07:59.040 --> 0:08:03.440 of the Odessa Date Emergency Services here, Colonel Fitkalov, he 0:08:03.600 --> 0:08:05.320 was my point of contact in Odessa, so I called 0:08:05.360 --> 0:08:07.160 him right away and I asked, you know what happened 0:08:07.240 --> 0:08:09.640 and is it safe to go? And he said, look, 0:08:09.680 --> 0:08:12.680 they've just hit an industrial site. It should be okay 0:08:12.720 --> 0:08:15.200 for you to cross, and we will meet you as 0:08:15.240 --> 0:08:18.800 you get to Odessa. But this is just literally minutes 0:08:19.040 --> 0:08:22.520 of what I experienced as I drove into Ukraine. But 0:08:22.640 --> 0:08:26.000 that is what Ukrainians live with on a daily basis. 0:08:26.800 --> 0:08:29.960 There are, you know, just so many buildings as I 0:08:30.240 --> 0:08:32.040 during the day, as I was driving around, that are 0:08:32.080 --> 0:08:36.719 absolutely in rumble, just residential buildings. So not only is 0:08:36.800 --> 0:08:41.600 Russia striking critical infrastructure and striking the power grid, they're 0:08:41.640 --> 0:08:46.280 targeting regular civilians, regular residential buildings that have absolutely no 0:08:46.920 --> 0:08:52.240 military significance or strategic value, just to terrorize the local population. 0:08:54.360 --> 0:09:07.160 Coming up, is it time for Ukraine to cut a deal, Katerina, 0:09:07.200 --> 0:09:10.080 We know that since Trump became president, he says that 0:09:10.160 --> 0:09:12.680 he wants to end the war in Ukraine. The Ukraine 0:09:12.720 --> 0:09:15.720 War has to end, and it's a ridiculous war and 0:09:15.760 --> 0:09:16.280 it has to end. 0:09:16.280 --> 0:09:16.960 We had a good time. 0:09:17.200 --> 0:09:22.800 Now he humiliated Zelenski in the White House. You're gambling 0:09:22.800 --> 0:09:24.640 with the lives or millions of people. 0:09:24.720 --> 0:09:27.000 See, you're gambling with World War three. 0:09:27.720 --> 0:09:31.000 And then we had the summit between Putin and Trump 0:09:31.040 --> 0:09:33.560 that doesn't seem to have gotten anywhere there. We didn't 0:09:33.600 --> 0:09:35.360 get there, but we have a very good chance of 0:09:35.400 --> 0:09:38.480 getting there. I would like to thank President Putin as 0:09:38.520 --> 0:09:42.160 his entire team. Could you tell us what is happening 0:09:42.200 --> 0:09:45.000 on the front line four years on and how the 0:09:45.120 --> 0:09:47.600 nature of the war has also changed. 0:09:47.920 --> 0:09:51.800 So we will be marking four years of a full 0:09:51.840 --> 0:09:55.679 scale invasion that Russia has been waging against Ukraine. If 0:09:55.720 --> 0:09:58.360 we look at the losses that the Russian Federation has sustained, 0:09:58.400 --> 0:10:01.760 it's over one point two million people that they have 0:10:02.120 --> 0:10:07.120 lost or are injured in some shipwere or form one 0:10:07.160 --> 0:10:11.920 point two million casualties. That is the largest number that 0:10:12.559 --> 0:10:15.760 we have seen since World War Two. Despite the fact 0:10:15.800 --> 0:10:20.679 that they have such high casualties and their accomplishments on 0:10:20.720 --> 0:10:24.680 the battlefield are minimal, they still keep pressing. They still 0:10:24.760 --> 0:10:28.440 keep sending their people to die. It's an absolute meat grinder. 0:10:28.480 --> 0:10:32.360 They're considering the Russian Federation's advantage in terms of people 0:10:32.480 --> 0:10:36.280 power and the fact that Ukrainians are not only outnumbered, 0:10:36.320 --> 0:10:41.480 they are also outgunned. Ukraine has managed to show incredible resilience, 0:10:41.640 --> 0:10:44.719 not only as a country but specifically on the battlefield. 0:10:45.000 --> 0:10:47.600 And if we look at what has happened last week, 0:10:48.559 --> 0:10:54.040 Ukraine had regained over two hundred square kilometers of Ukrainian 0:10:54.160 --> 0:10:58.800 land in just five days. That is the biggest amount 0:10:58.840 --> 0:11:02.360 of land that Ukraine has managed to take back since 0:11:02.520 --> 0:11:05.280 the beginning of the full scale invasion in terms of territory. 0:11:05.360 --> 0:11:07.920 Could you tell us about that change on the battlefield though, 0:11:07.960 --> 0:11:11.400 how it has really completely switched over to a type 0:11:11.400 --> 0:11:13.240 of drone warfare. 0:11:13.840 --> 0:11:16.600 Yes, so if we would look at the front line, before, 0:11:16.679 --> 0:11:22.559 there would be a clear front line where military activity 0:11:22.559 --> 0:11:25.480 would be taking place, battles would be taking place. Now, 0:11:25.520 --> 0:11:28.280 because of the evolution of drone warfare and the extensive 0:11:28.400 --> 0:11:31.680 use of drones and different types of drones, that battlefield 0:11:31.720 --> 0:11:34.840 has stretched out to anywhere from thirty to forty kilometers 0:11:34.880 --> 0:11:41.199 from that line dividing the Russian occupied territory from Ukrainian territory. 0:11:41.880 --> 0:11:45.120 So that's the first point. The second point is that 0:11:45.240 --> 0:11:49.160 technology that's used on the battlefield has also evolved and 0:11:49.240 --> 0:11:53.600 evolved at lightning speed. We have a military aid fun 0:11:53.679 --> 0:11:56.079 called the Defend Ukraine Appeal and we get different requests 0:11:56.160 --> 0:11:59.040 from different brigades. We currently support over fifty one different 0:11:59.040 --> 0:12:02.319 brigades across the entire frontline. And whereas before we were 0:12:02.320 --> 0:12:06.520 getting requests for evacuation vehicles and drones, now we're getting 0:12:06.520 --> 0:12:12.080 a lot of requests for SYSTEMATREB, which are anti drone jammers. 0:12:12.360 --> 0:12:15.760 So they have these jammers that would stop FPV drones 0:12:15.960 --> 0:12:18.800 from hitting them, whether it's in the trenches or as 0:12:18.840 --> 0:12:21.320 they conduct their military operations. 0:12:21.320 --> 0:12:24.360 On the political front. It's been reported by the Financial 0:12:24.440 --> 0:12:28.640 Times that Ukraine is preparing to hold a presidential election 0:12:29.080 --> 0:12:32.439 and a referendum on a piece deal because of all 0:12:32.440 --> 0:12:35.720 this pressure that is coming from President Trump to have 0:12:35.800 --> 0:12:39.520 a vote by May. What can you tell us about that? 0:12:39.600 --> 0:12:41.079 What are people saying in Ukraine? 0:12:41.280 --> 0:12:45.040 People definitely see the headlines and see the external pressure. 0:12:45.640 --> 0:12:48.120 I go to Ukraine quite often. I obviously have my 0:12:48.160 --> 0:12:51.360 whole family there. I hear their feedback, but I also 0:12:51.400 --> 0:12:54.160 speak to a lot of different Ukrainians and the feedback 0:12:54.200 --> 0:12:58.040 is unanimous that Ukraine must decide when to hold elections 0:12:58.040 --> 0:13:01.000 on Ukraine's terms. It cannot be date that's set by 0:13:01.000 --> 0:13:03.680 an external party, and Ukraine shouldn't be forced into it. 0:13:04.000 --> 0:13:06.839 But the biggest problem that we have about holding elections, 0:13:07.120 --> 0:13:09.320 it's not the fact that we don't want to, it's 0:13:09.400 --> 0:13:14.120 how to physically do it. We have hundreds of thousands 0:13:14.160 --> 0:13:17.240 of Ukrainian citizens that are currently on the front line 0:13:17.360 --> 0:13:20.040 as part of the armed forces of Ukraine. How do 0:13:20.120 --> 0:13:23.240 they take part in elections? We currently have almost twenty 0:13:23.320 --> 0:13:27.800 percent of the country that's under occupied forces. How do 0:13:27.880 --> 0:13:30.720 we make sure that those people can participate in the elections? 0:13:30.960 --> 0:13:33.959 And on top of that, we have daily missile and 0:13:34.080 --> 0:13:37.800 drone strikes that strike any area of where people congregate. 0:13:38.160 --> 0:13:41.600 You have Ukrainians that are displaced not only outside of 0:13:41.600 --> 0:13:43.600 the country, but there are millions of people that are 0:13:43.600 --> 0:13:47.040 internally displaced. So how do you make sure that they 0:13:47.120 --> 0:13:50.120 can vote properly? So a combination of all of that 0:13:50.160 --> 0:13:53.080 makes it extremely difficult to hold fair and open and 0:13:53.240 --> 0:13:55.280 safe elections in Ukraine. 0:13:55.360 --> 0:14:00.360 Right now, Katarina, we're now entering the fifth year of 0:14:00.400 --> 0:14:05.000 this war, and it doesn't really look like either side 0:14:05.120 --> 0:14:06.880 is making huge progress. 0:14:07.040 --> 0:14:08.439 It feels as though it could. 0:14:08.240 --> 0:14:11.720 Just drag on or remain in a stalemate like this 0:14:12.200 --> 0:14:16.440 for another five years. Do you think it's time for 0:14:17.000 --> 0:14:19.440 Ukraine to cut a deal, even if it has to 0:14:19.480 --> 0:14:22.880 give up some territory that it can't beat Russia? And 0:14:22.960 --> 0:14:23.480 it's enough. 0:14:24.240 --> 0:14:26.440 I can start with the last point that you made. 0:14:26.440 --> 0:14:32.960 It's certainly enough. Ukrainians feel the pressure physically, psychologically, They're exhausted, 0:14:33.720 --> 0:14:37.760 they are tormented every day. They are under immense amount 0:14:37.800 --> 0:14:41.600 of stress. But from what I hear from my family, 0:14:41.760 --> 0:14:45.200 every single person that I've spoken in Ukraine, they will 0:14:45.280 --> 0:14:48.000 never give up. This is not a matter of cutting 0:14:48.040 --> 0:14:50.560 a deal. This is not a matter of you know, 0:14:50.800 --> 0:14:54.000 give Russia whatever they want at this stage and make 0:14:54.080 --> 0:14:56.960 it go away and make it stop. The only way 0:14:57.000 --> 0:15:00.360 we can make it stop is if Russia is brought 0:15:00.440 --> 0:15:03.640 to account, is if Russia is defeated on the battlefield. 0:15:04.520 --> 0:15:09.400 Every single negotiation, every single truce, every single ceasefire that 0:15:09.480 --> 0:15:12.280 has been agreed to by Russia, all of that has 0:15:12.320 --> 0:15:15.400 been violated. So you give twenty percent of Ukraine to 0:15:15.480 --> 0:15:18.360 Russia today, tomorrow they will come back to try and 0:15:18.400 --> 0:15:22.240 take more. It's very difficult to cut a deal with 0:15:22.560 --> 0:15:24.880 a terrorist when you know that they will just come 0:15:24.960 --> 0:15:27.000 back and try to kill you again the next day. 0:15:27.360 --> 0:15:31.440 So that's why Ukrainians are absolutely confident and know that 0:15:31.480 --> 0:15:34.600 there is absolutely no other way than to defeat Russia 0:15:34.640 --> 0:15:37.640 on the battlefield, make sure that Russians go home, have 0:15:37.760 --> 0:15:41.920 some sort of security guarantees and protection from partner countries 0:15:42.280 --> 0:15:45.680 and those that value democracy, that value freedom, and for 0:15:45.840 --> 0:15:48.480 us to not only be in this together, but win 0:15:48.560 --> 0:15:49.120 this together. 0:15:52.040 --> 0:15:54.520 Katerina, thank you so much for coming and talking to 0:15:54.560 --> 0:15:55.040 me today. 0:15:55.680 --> 0:15:59.680 Thank you Nicole for the opportunity. 0:16:05.160 --> 0:16:08.640 Also in the news, police suspect human remains found near 0:16:08.640 --> 0:16:12.520 a golf club in Sydney's Northwest belonged to kidnapped grandfather 0:16:12.640 --> 0:16:16.440 Chris Bagsarian. The eighty five year old was taken hostage 0:16:16.440 --> 0:16:19.280 from his Sydney home almost a fortnight ago in what 0:16:19.320 --> 0:16:23.920 police says a suspected case of mistaken identity. Detectives have 0:16:23.960 --> 0:16:27.640 said that mister Bagsarian's family never received any demand for 0:16:27.760 --> 0:16:33.480 ransom or communication from his captors, and The Royal Commission 0:16:33.480 --> 0:16:37.080 on Anti Semitism and Social Cohesion has started with state 0:16:37.120 --> 0:16:41.239 and federal government agencies issued with notices to produce documents 0:16:41.280 --> 0:16:44.000 as part of the inquiry, called a month after the 0:16:44.000 --> 0:16:47.200 deadly Bondai terror attack. The inquiry will look at anti 0:16:47.240 --> 0:16:50.960 Semitism in Australian society and institutions, as well as the 0:16:51.000 --> 0:16:55.440 circumstances around the mass shooting. In her opening address, Commission 0:16:55.480 --> 0:16:58.480 of Virginia Bell said she's interested in hearing from Jewish 0:16:58.520 --> 0:17:02.640 Australians who vi ex experienced anti Semitism. The Commission had 0:17:02.680 --> 0:17:06.520 been directed to make recommendations on how to strengthen social 0:17:06.560 --> 0:17:12.400 cohesion encounter the spread of ideological and religiously motivated extremism, 0:17:12.520 --> 0:17:16.120 and will deliver its final report by December fourteenth. I'm 0:17:16.200 --> 0:17:19.360 Nicole Johnston. This is seven am catch you tomorrow.