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Speaker 1: From The Australian. Here's what's on the front. I'm Christinamio.

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Speaker 1: It's Tuesday, December tenth. The former Israeli Foreign Minister Sippylivney

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Speaker 1: says strong leadership is the antidote to antisemitism. Her comments

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Speaker 1: followed the establishment of an antisemitism task Force by Prime

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Speaker 1: Minister Anthony Albanesi. He capitulated to three days of demands

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Speaker 1: to take decisive action after Melbourne's Great Synagogue was firebomb plus.

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Speaker 1: Peter Dutton declared the Coalition will deport migrants who are

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Speaker 1: deemed antisemitic if the Opposition gets up at the next election.

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Speaker 1: That exclusive interview with Sippylivney is live right now at

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Speaker 1: the Australian dot com dot au. It took Syrian rebels

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Speaker 1: just twenty four hours to bring half a century of

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Speaker 1: tyranny to a stunning conclusion. The world watches and waits

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Speaker 1: to see who feels the massive political vacuum created by

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Speaker 1: the end of the Assad regime. That's today's story. On

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Speaker 1: Sunday evening, the streets of Southwest Sydney, the city's Syrian

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Speaker 1: communities lit up. They were celebrating the fall of a

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Speaker 1: ruthless regime. And the demise of a dictator who ruled

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Speaker 1: Syria for more than five decades. For some residents who

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Speaker 1: spoke to the Australians reporters Lea Mendez and Joanna Panagopolis,

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Speaker 1: it was a moment of jubilation because the Catufrinda not

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Speaker 1: in jail, because twenty four million people.

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Speaker 2: Actually the.

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Speaker 1: Mohammed el Humwi says he plans to return to his

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Speaker 1: home country for the first time in four decades. But

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Speaker 1: for others like Assyrian refugee Simon Shaheen, it's a time

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Speaker 1: of fear, interrepidation.

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Speaker 3: So when there's no government, no system in place to

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Speaker 3: protect the innocent, it becomes like wilderness. It's a huge

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Speaker 3: political vacuum. Who was going to fill it? It's going

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Speaker 3: to be insurgents and rebels who are radical and extremist

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Speaker 3: mentality and agendas, and they are armed to the teeth.

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Speaker 2: Well Christian. It really means a new balance of power

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Speaker 2: in the Middle East because Syria has been a stalwart

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Speaker 2: companion ally of the so called Actus of Evil, which

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Speaker 2: is between Hezbollah, Iran and Russia, who have been its

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Speaker 2: three major allies.

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Speaker 1: Karon Stewart is the Australian's Chief International correspondent.

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Speaker 2: So, in other words, by Syria collapsing in a spectacular way,

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Speaker 2: it has a Syrian regime. It's really robbed those three

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Speaker 2: entities of their power in the Middle East, and that's

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Speaker 2: a huge shift in the balance of power.

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Speaker 1: If you tuned into Syria's state television station in the

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Speaker 1: early hours of Sunday morning, you'd have heard a familiar tune.

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Speaker 1: It was Tchaikowsky's Swan Lake playing on loop. The office

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Speaker 1: of President Bashah al Assad said he was tied up

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Speaker 1: with constitutional tasks. In reality, he was on the lamb

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Speaker 1: his wife and children in tow as the regime his

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Speaker 1: family spent fifty three years building crumbled.

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Speaker 4: Syria's government has collapsed after a lightning offensive by rebel

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Speaker 4: forces over the past week. People are celebrating the end

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Speaker 4: to the fifty year a sad rule in the streets.

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Speaker 4: After the capital Damascus fell.

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Speaker 1: Rebel fighters took up officers in the Syrian capital's lavish

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Speaker 1: presidential palace and gleefully looted a fleet of luxury cars

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Speaker 1: from Assad's private collection. No they unlocked dungeon prisons, freeing

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Speaker 1: those held captive for years under the regime. Civilians poured

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Speaker 1: into the streets of Damascus waving flags and chanting in victory,

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Speaker 1: and a week after rebel forces first swept into Aleppo,

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Speaker 1: the leaders who toppled this brutal regime in less than

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Speaker 1: twenty four hours joined in the celebrations. The ousted president

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Speaker 1: re emerged in Russia on morning, having been granted political

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Speaker 1: asylum by the Kremlin.

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Speaker 2: He really was a truly brutal dictator. He didn't start

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Speaker 2: out necessarily being like that. He was actually an eye doctor,

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Speaker 2: but of course he got canapulted into that position, succeeding

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Speaker 2: his father after his elder brother died, and he became

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Speaker 2: harder and harder and harder as a dictator as the

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Speaker 2: years went on, and the big threat to him of was,

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Speaker 2: of course, the Arab Spring in twenty eleven, where pro

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Speaker 2: democracy protesters looked like they might topple him, and he

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Speaker 2: came back very very hard, got his allies Russia and

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Speaker 2: Iran and Hezbollah to crush the resistance movement, but he

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Speaker 2: used chemical weapons on his own people. Some three hundred

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Speaker 2: thousand people arrestimated to have died during that conflict between

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Speaker 2: twenty eleven and twenty eight, and he was one of

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Speaker 2: the most dictators in the world, and even though there's

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Speaker 2: a lot of uncertainty about what happens now in Syria,

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Speaker 2: and you know, what are these rebels going to actually be? Like?

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Speaker 2: I think there's general celebration in the West and certainly

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Speaker 2: in Syria that this despot has been toppled.

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Speaker 1: Coming up, what this historic defeat means for the Middle East.

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Speaker 1: The demise of the Assad regime isn't a story about

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Speaker 1: good triumphing over evil. There are several groups with a

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Speaker 1: vested interest in what happens in Syria, but no clear winners.

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Speaker 1: Chief among them is Higher to Rear al Sham or HTS,

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Speaker 1: hardest group from northwest Syria with links to the terrorist

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Speaker 1: group Al Qaeda. They're responsible for mounting the stunning resurgence

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Speaker 1: that ultimately led to Assad's downfall. There's Russia, which has

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Speaker 1: air and naval bases dotted along Syria's Mediterranean coast, but

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Speaker 1: was otherwise occupied and failed to send back up as Aleppo,

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Speaker 1: Hammer and Homs fell. In the southwest, Lebanon's proxy militia, Hezbollah,

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Speaker 1: has lost a powerful ally and the land that connection

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Speaker 1: affords it. To the north, Turkey has been given an

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Speaker 1: opening to expand its influence in the region by backing

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Speaker 1: the ascendant rebel groups like HTS in Iraq. There are

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Speaker 1: concerns the Syrian revolt could inspire similar action by Sunni Muslims,

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Speaker 1: and there are the Kurdish and Alouite Syrian factions whose

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Speaker 1: fight for survival is not yet done. Further afield, the

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Speaker 1: United States has already taken steps to prevent the koreation

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Speaker 1: of a new extremist Islamic state, conducting air strikes on

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Speaker 1: ISIS camps in central Syria.

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Speaker 3: We're cleared eyed about the fact that ISIS will try

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Speaker 3: to take advantages of the vacuum to re establish this

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Speaker 3: capabilities to create a safe Hayman. We will not let

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Speaker 3: that happen.

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Speaker 1: And in Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanya, who took credit

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Speaker 1: for the chain of events he says ultimately led to

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Speaker 1: Asad's demise.

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Speaker 2: This is a.

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Speaker 3: Historic day for the Middle East.

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Speaker 1: It's set off a chain reaction of all those who

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Speaker 1: want to free themselves from this tyranny and its oppression.

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Speaker 2: No one knows how this group will govern. This is

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Speaker 2: a massive vacuum of power. I mean they controlled a

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Speaker 2: very small area up in the northwest of the country,

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Speaker 2: very very different to control all of Syria. And what

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Speaker 2: I think is really interesting in the last twenty four

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Speaker 2: hours Christian Is we've seen the nations around Syria really

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Speaker 2: take steps to protect their own interests. We've seen Israel

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Speaker 2: go into the demilitarized zone between Syria and Israel that

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Speaker 2: was created back in nineteen seventy four and move beyond that,

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Speaker 2: moving its troops actually into Syrian soil. And they're saying

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Speaker 2: this is a temporary move, but they are doing it

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Speaker 2: because they don't want to be threatened on their border

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Speaker 2: by a militant group. And then on the other side,

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Speaker 2: we've had the Americans who've got a thousand troops in

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Speaker 2: eastern Syria. They've been bombing Islamic State camps in eastern Syria,

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Speaker 2: and the message they're trying to say there is don't

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Speaker 2: let Islamic State join with this new rebel group that's

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Speaker 2: taken over Syria. And on top of that, the Iraqis

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Speaker 2: have closed their border and the Turkish forces had a

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Speaker 2: skirmish with the Kurdish forces who are up in the

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Speaker 2: northeast of the country. So, if you like, everyone suddenly

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Speaker 2: reacting to this incredible victory by their Eble forces by

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Speaker 2: protecting their own interests. And I think that goes to

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Speaker 2: your original question. No one knows exactly what is going

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Speaker 2: to happen next.

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Speaker 1: And to that point, this is an one of those

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Speaker 1: questions that likely doesn't yet have an answer. But there

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Speaker 1: is a conflict already raging in the Middle East that

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Speaker 1: is primarily Israel and Hamas in Gaza. How does that

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Speaker 1: play into all of this? Is that dynamic likely to

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Speaker 1: shift now or is this likely to become part of

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Speaker 1: a wider conflict.

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Speaker 2: Well, it's interesting because Israel is now conducting some air

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Speaker 2: strikes as well in Syria to destroy some of the

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Speaker 2: military apparatus that the Asarz regim had, and that's to

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Speaker 2: make sure that this new rebel group doesn't get those

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Speaker 2: armaments and if it was inclined to attack Israel, that

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Speaker 2: it can't attack Israel. So Israel is trying to make

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Speaker 2: sure that this new front in Syria doesn't become another

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Speaker 2: front in its own conflicts against Kamas in Gaza and

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Speaker 2: of course Hesbela in Lebanon. And of course the reason

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Speaker 2: why Asad's infall in part was because Hesbellah backed him well.

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Speaker 2: But now Hesbelar is completely and utterly frozen. In Lebanon.

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Speaker 2: It's a ceasefire agreement and so there's not going to

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Speaker 2: be any movement on that front. So I think Israel

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Speaker 2: will now try and shore up Syria and then it

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Speaker 2: will pay attention to Hamasin Gaza, which is really the

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Speaker 2: biggest frat it has at the moment.

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Speaker 1: Camaron Stewart is The Australian's chief international correspondent. This story

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Speaker 1: is developing quickly. You can read our comprehensive reporting and

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Speaker 1: analysis anytime at the Australian dot com dot au