WEBVTT - Why are French troops cracking down on riots in the Pacific? 0:00:01.480 --> 0:00:04.559 Soldiers from Europe around the streets of one of Australia's 0:00:04.559 --> 0:00:06.000 closest neighbors. 0:00:07.160 --> 0:00:09.640 We can see there's a look if you're still on 0:00:09.920 --> 0:00:13.360 from six pm to six am. But into the night 0:00:13.440 --> 0:00:16.000 you can still hear gunshots and you know, clash beating 0:00:16.079 --> 0:00:18.360 police and the youth and the road blobs. 0:00:18.640 --> 0:00:21.840 This is Jimmy Nahouna speaking to us from New Caledonia. 0:00:22.440 --> 0:00:25.880 The police go through, clear the roads, but the next 0:00:25.960 --> 0:00:28.120 minute the youth put the road blocks back on, the 0:00:28.200 --> 0:00:31.320 barricades back on, and things will start all over again. 0:00:33.360 --> 0:00:36.159 Back in the nineteen eighties he manned roadblocks for the 0:00:36.200 --> 0:00:40.800 country's biggest indigenous independence movement, and now he's the spokesperson. 0:00:42.520 --> 0:00:49.120 We have always been marginalized in the society here. I 0:00:49.159 --> 0:00:52.320 was kicked out of college basically was because I was, 0:00:52.479 --> 0:00:57.680 you know, part of that youth awakening to the connector struggle. 0:00:59.160 --> 0:01:02.560 But this year seeing roadblocks and straight battles resumed, and 0:01:02.640 --> 0:01:05.240 Jimmy says they're still happening every night. 0:01:06.000 --> 0:01:08.039 Even up to to last night. We can still hear 0:01:08.840 --> 0:01:13.399 con shorts and clash between even this morning. Some parts 0:01:13.400 --> 0:01:18.080 of them are still not accessible, you know by roads. 0:01:19.520 --> 0:01:23.520 I think media did not look to the road causes 0:01:23.600 --> 0:01:26.959 or what you know, what makes this violence, you know, 0:01:27.120 --> 0:01:30.080 erupt and like I'm saying, this goes back, you know, 0:01:30.400 --> 0:01:34.400 many years and you know even generation. It is a 0:01:34.400 --> 0:01:37.480 political situation, needs a political issue, and it needs a 0:01:37.520 --> 0:01:39.120 political solution to itself. 0:01:43.120 --> 0:01:52.360 From Schwartz Media, I'm Ashland McGee. This is seven am. 0:01:52.480 --> 0:01:56.200 Many Australians have an idea of New Caledonia two hours 0:01:56.280 --> 0:02:01.240 way by playing luxurious, sprawling, hotel complexes, crystal clear beaches, 0:02:01.600 --> 0:02:04.760 you get the drill. But riots in the capitol, a 0:02:04.800 --> 0:02:08.000 state of emergency and the intervention of the French military 0:02:08.040 --> 0:02:10.680 have been remind us that the future of New Caledonia 0:02:10.960 --> 0:02:14.760 is a fraud political question sitting on our doorstep. So 0:02:15.200 --> 0:02:16.680 what's unleashed the unrest? 0:02:17.000 --> 0:02:18.160 How are we involved? 0:02:18.520 --> 0:02:21.080 And why are the French trying to still hold on 0:02:21.200 --> 0:02:25.560 to a Pacific nation? Today journalist Nick McClellan, who's covered 0:02:25.560 --> 0:02:28.920 the Pacific for decades, on the tension that's been brewing 0:02:29.400 --> 0:02:44.040 and the French president's pr stumble. It's Tuesday, June four, Neick, 0:02:44.080 --> 0:02:45.920 How are things right now in New Caledonia. 0:02:47.000 --> 0:02:49.680 Things are a bit quieter than the last two or 0:02:49.680 --> 0:02:54.400 three weeks. Starting on the thirteenth of May. Young people 0:02:54.520 --> 0:02:58.000 and they were especially young, Many teenagers were out on 0:02:58.040 --> 0:03:03.519 the streets at night rioting. There's been major damage to businesses, 0:03:03.639 --> 0:03:08.240 to public buildings, to infrastructure, a terrible blow to the economy. 0:03:08.280 --> 0:03:12.799 You know, supermarkets looted, many buildings burnt down. As we speak, 0:03:12.880 --> 0:03:17.359 seven people have been killed, and it's an enormous trauma 0:03:17.840 --> 0:03:21.480 for people living in the capitol. But they're still underlying tensions. 0:03:22.360 --> 0:03:27.320 The core problems that have been dividing supporters and opponents 0:03:27.360 --> 0:03:32.320 of independence are still unresolved, and President Macron's flying visit 0:03:32.400 --> 0:03:37.160 to New Caledonia hasn't really addressed core issues raised by 0:03:37.200 --> 0:03:39.160 the Kannak independence movement. 0:03:40.120 --> 0:03:42.360 It's pretty incredible scenes, Ryan. 0:03:43.000 --> 0:03:47.600 Many people were surprised by the explosion of conflict. Frankly, 0:03:47.680 --> 0:03:50.640 I wasn't. I've been visited in New Caledonia for some 0:03:50.720 --> 0:03:55.000 forty years. 0:03:56.520 --> 0:03:56.720 You know. 0:03:56.800 --> 0:04:00.520 In many ways, the colonial history of New Caledonia parallels 0:04:00.520 --> 0:04:02.080 that of Australia. 0:04:01.840 --> 0:04:04.520 Down there, south of the Solomon's by some nine hundred 0:04:04.560 --> 0:04:08.560 miles and about one thousand miles east of Sydney, Australia lies. 0:04:08.600 --> 0:04:13.560 New Caledonia was originally a penal colony, later there was settlement. 0:04:13.720 --> 0:04:16.960 Kannak Land, the land of indigenous Melanesian people, was taken. 0:04:17.240 --> 0:04:20.280 They were driven up into the hills and the west 0:04:20.360 --> 0:04:22.839 coast of the main island was used for cattle farming 0:04:23.360 --> 0:04:23.960 for years. 0:04:23.960 --> 0:04:27.359 The French colonial government enjoyed New Caledonia's rich export. 0:04:27.520 --> 0:04:31.839 Then people discovered nickel. New Caledonia has an estimated twenty 0:04:31.839 --> 0:04:34.600 percent of the world's reserves of nickel. To the whole 0:04:34.600 --> 0:04:37.240 mountain chain on the main island is really full of 0:04:37.240 --> 0:04:41.240 strategic metals and minerals, and so indentured laborers were brought 0:04:41.800 --> 0:04:45.800 so that long history of settlement and migration of colonial 0:04:45.839 --> 0:04:50.599 policy really disadvantaged indigenous Kannak. They were pushed into tribal reserves. 0:04:51.240 --> 0:04:54.839 Kannak and indeed women and indentured laborers didn't get the 0:04:54.920 --> 0:04:57.560 vote till after the Second World War. So there's been 0:04:57.600 --> 0:05:02.920 a long campaign by indigenous peoples, including revolts, saying that 0:05:03.000 --> 0:05:08.400 they wanted to control their own land. 0:05:09.080 --> 0:05:09.520 She didn't do. 0:05:10.000 --> 0:05:11.520 The Kanak people decided to fight. 0:05:11.839 --> 0:05:13.440 We had been exploited for too long. 0:05:13.839 --> 0:05:14.719 We wanted to get. 0:05:14.560 --> 0:05:15.200 Our land back. 0:05:15.440 --> 0:05:17.839 We decided to occupy our land and force the French 0:05:17.880 --> 0:05:19.560 government to talk about independence. 0:05:20.200 --> 0:05:23.599 In the nineteen eighties, there were armed clashes between the 0:05:23.640 --> 0:05:31.920 French military, independence activists right wing militias referred to obliquely 0:05:32.000 --> 0:05:35.640 as les Animore. The events the Independence Uprising lasted on 0:05:35.680 --> 0:05:38.719 and off for four years and cost at least sixty lives. 0:05:39.040 --> 0:05:42.080 There was a series of peace negotiations and talks in 0:05:42.200 --> 0:05:45.240 nineteen eighty eight nineteen ninety eight, and the agreement in 0:05:45.320 --> 0:05:48.320 ninety eight called the numer Courts set out a twenty 0:05:48.360 --> 0:05:52.760 five year transition towards a decision on political status. The 0:05:52.839 --> 0:05:55.799 three referendums were held at the end of this twenty 0:05:55.800 --> 0:05:59.560 five year transition. The first two showed very strong support 0:05:59.760 --> 0:06:03.960 for independence. Forty three percent of people voted yes for independence. 0:06:04.120 --> 0:06:07.279 The next vote, in twenty twenty, forty seven percent nearly 0:06:07.640 --> 0:06:10.919 voted in favor of independence. Obviously not a majority, but 0:06:10.960 --> 0:06:14.640 you can see the trend people were moving towards a change. 0:06:16.960 --> 0:06:20.000 The Pacific island of New Caledonia has voted in a 0:06:20.040 --> 0:06:23.000 third and final referendum on independence from France. 0:06:23.720 --> 0:06:25.800 The third referendum was rushed through in the middle of 0:06:25.839 --> 0:06:29.240 the COVID pandemic. It was botched by the French authorities, 0:06:29.640 --> 0:06:33.279 so the vote dropped from forty seven percent in favor 0:06:33.320 --> 0:06:35.600 of independence to three point five percent. 0:06:36.240 --> 0:06:40.000 The French President Emmanuel McCrone welcomed the results in a 0:06:40.040 --> 0:06:40.919 televised address. 0:06:40.920 --> 0:06:44.400 He said, tonight France is more beautiful because New Caledonia 0:06:44.440 --> 0:06:45.840 has decided to stay here. 0:06:46.240 --> 0:06:49.040 And since that time, the independence movement has been very 0:06:49.040 --> 0:06:52.679 critical about the lack of impartiality by the French state. 0:06:53.320 --> 0:06:59.279 Doctor referendum for us is illegitimate. It's politically illegitimate because 0:07:00.120 --> 0:07:05.000 indigenous people, indigenous people, as the colonized people of this 0:07:05.080 --> 0:07:08.960 country not take part in data referendum on Chefely demolition. 0:07:09.520 --> 0:07:14.200 They see President Macron and key ministers as biased against 0:07:14.840 --> 0:07:17.760 the call for decolonization, the call for independence. 0:07:18.720 --> 0:07:22.440 So then fast forward to May thirteen. What was it 0:07:22.480 --> 0:07:25.240 on that particular day that sparked the unrest. 0:07:26.200 --> 0:07:30.080 The French government has been preparing a constitutional amendment to 0:07:30.280 --> 0:07:34.600 change key provisions of the nemir Acord, particularly around voting rights. 0:07:34.880 --> 0:07:39.160 The nemir coord created this notion that indigenous can act 0:07:39.320 --> 0:07:43.800 long term residents. The descendants of the convicts, the indentured 0:07:43.840 --> 0:07:47.000 laborers and others born and bred in New Caledonia should 0:07:47.000 --> 0:07:49.840 determine the future of the country. They should have priority 0:07:49.880 --> 0:07:52.760 over local employment and they should be the ones to 0:07:52.840 --> 0:07:57.120 vote for the local political institutions. Now, France basically wants 0:07:57.160 --> 0:08:00.600 to change the rules. They want to expand the number 0:08:00.640 --> 0:08:03.400 of people who would qualify to be new Caledonian citizens 0:08:03.960 --> 0:08:06.400 and therefore were to be able to vote in local elections, 0:08:07.160 --> 0:08:10.840 and their talk is under President Marcrol's proposal to add 0:08:10.880 --> 0:08:14.440 twenty five thousand people to the voting roles. Now, it's 0:08:14.480 --> 0:08:16.520 a country of only two hundred and seventy thousand people, 0:08:16.760 --> 0:08:20.120 that's about fourteen point five percent of the electorate. Most 0:08:20.160 --> 0:08:22.840 of those people are French Nationals who are resident there 0:08:23.240 --> 0:08:27.040 but can't currently vote. Most of them hard to tell, 0:08:27.080 --> 0:08:29.920 but most of them, I would say, vote against independence. 0:08:30.600 --> 0:08:36.000 So not surprisingly, the Independence Coalition feels that France is 0:08:36.080 --> 0:08:38.720 rigging the rules, just like they did during the twenty 0:08:38.800 --> 0:08:43.160 twenty one referendum, and the vote that went to the 0:08:43.360 --> 0:08:46.520 French National Assembly in Paris was on the thirteenth of May. 0:08:49.800 --> 0:08:54.280 We've been holding peaceful marches and protests around the country 0:08:55.400 --> 0:08:58.240 calling on the French government on Macron government to withdraw 0:08:58.320 --> 0:08:59.959 this electloriform bill. 0:09:00.240 --> 0:09:04.560 Kanak protesters have been protesting peacefully for months on the 0:09:04.600 --> 0:09:06.880 thirteenth of April, there was a rally of more than 0:09:06.960 --> 0:09:10.679 thirty thousand independent supporters, as I say, in a country 0:09:10.679 --> 0:09:12.359 of two hundred and seventy thousand people. 0:09:12.440 --> 0:09:16.000 And there was never any ballence. People were just turning 0:09:16.080 --> 0:09:19.240 up and you know, and joining de Martin to demos. 0:09:19.920 --> 0:09:25.400 The families and people are from none communities. 0:09:25.240 --> 0:09:29.040 Saying don't do this, don't do this without a comprehensive 0:09:29.080 --> 0:09:32.520 agreement on the ground. Paris hasn't listened and they are 0:09:32.559 --> 0:09:36.840 reaping the consequences of their failure to engage properly with 0:09:37.000 --> 0:09:38.119 indigenous people. 0:09:41.360 --> 0:09:45.199 After the break. What a small country in eastern Europe 0:09:45.400 --> 0:09:47.760 has to do with this conflict in the South Pacific. 0:10:05.920 --> 0:10:10.959 So Nick explained to me why France and Emmanuel Macron 0:10:11.040 --> 0:10:13.640 as the president, why are they holding on so tight? 0:10:13.679 --> 0:10:16.959 Why are they so determined to keep New Caledonia as 0:10:17.000 --> 0:10:17.880 part of the republic. 0:10:18.480 --> 0:10:22.400 He flew literally halfway around the world sixteen seven hundred 0:10:22.480 --> 0:10:25.920 kilometers and flew back again eighteen hours later to capture 0:10:25.960 --> 0:10:26.679 the headlines. 0:10:28.480 --> 0:10:32.240 I want to dear, my intention and the government's intention, 0:10:32.640 --> 0:10:36.240 is to stand by the population and to bring back peace, 0:10:36.360 --> 0:10:38.720 calm and security as quickly as possible. 0:10:39.040 --> 0:10:42.679 Understandably, he called for calm, he called for an inter conflict, 0:10:42.720 --> 0:10:45.520 he called for dialogue, but he also talked about the 0:10:45.520 --> 0:10:47.800 need to restore Republican order. 0:10:48.679 --> 0:10:51.600 In the coming hours and days, massive new operations will 0:10:51.640 --> 0:10:55.520 be scheduled where necessary, and Republican order in its entirety 0:10:55.559 --> 0:11:02.160 will be re established because there is no other choice now. 0:11:02.760 --> 0:11:10.280 Indigenous Kannak people have very poor educational standards, qualifications, opportunities, 0:11:10.800 --> 0:11:16.640 employment levels in comparison to non Kanak people, particularly European people. 0:11:16.720 --> 0:11:20.240 In New Caledonia compest prison in Nemea, more than ninety 0:11:20.280 --> 0:11:23.680 percent of inmates are Kanak, And so the young people 0:11:23.720 --> 0:11:27.840 who've been out on the streets see the wealthy southern suburbs, 0:11:27.880 --> 0:11:33.160 the yacht harbors, the public servants and obscene salaries and say, 0:11:33.360 --> 0:11:36.240 you know, this is the Republican order that you're protecting. 0:11:36.679 --> 0:11:39.920 So it's a particularly tone deaf comment. But he wasn't 0:11:39.960 --> 0:11:44.720 talking to Kanak. He was talking to settlers the descendants thereof, 0:11:45.360 --> 0:11:49.000 to non Kannak communities who are understandably aggrieved by the 0:11:49.080 --> 0:11:52.320 terrible destruction, the loss of jobs, the damage to the economy. 0:11:52.880 --> 0:11:57.160 But his flowery retric at the meetings really haven't resolved 0:11:57.200 --> 0:12:01.400 the underlying problem and ultimately there can be no solution 0:12:01.559 --> 0:12:04.960 without the Kannak people. France says it's a pacific nation 0:12:05.040 --> 0:12:08.600 because it has three dependencies in the region New Caledonia, 0:12:08.720 --> 0:12:13.840 French Polynesia, Wilson Futuna. It claims sovereignty over seven million 0:12:13.880 --> 0:12:18.880 square kilometers of exclusive economic zone. That's an enormous resource 0:12:19.160 --> 0:12:23.240 that France claims. You know, France's status as a global 0:12:23.320 --> 0:12:26.760 power is based on it maintaining an empire that was 0:12:26.800 --> 0:12:29.360 first created in the nineteenth century. 0:12:30.000 --> 0:12:33.760 Nick inspired of what's at stake for France here, Makron 0:12:33.840 --> 0:12:37.160 left New Caledonia with you know, obviously no real progress 0:12:37.200 --> 0:12:41.360 made and instead of addressing the real issues that are 0:12:41.400 --> 0:12:46.720 being raised there. Insteady's government has come out swinging against Azerbaijan. 0:12:47.320 --> 0:12:51.000 Is Azerbaijan trying to take advantage of the political unrest 0:12:51.120 --> 0:12:54.760 in New Caledonia. That's what France's Interior minister alleges. 0:12:54.960 --> 0:12:55.880 What's that about. 0:12:56.480 --> 0:12:59.400 There's a thing in politics called the dead cat. When 0:12:59.400 --> 0:13:02.560 you want to distract attention from something, you throw a 0:13:02.600 --> 0:13:05.000 dead cat on the table. Can I put to you 0:13:05.040 --> 0:13:08.160 that Azerbaijan is France's dead cat? 0:13:08.520 --> 0:13:11.480 And I regret that some of the Caledonian independence leaders 0:13:11.760 --> 0:13:15.520 made a deal with Azerbaijan that is indisputable and it 0:13:15.559 --> 0:13:18.160 gives an idea of what democracy would look like if 0:13:18.160 --> 0:13:20.440 we listen to certain leaders. 0:13:21.480 --> 0:13:24.719 Granted there have been connections between Kannak independence people and 0:13:25.240 --> 0:13:28.680 the Azerbaijan government. I would put to you that the 0:13:28.760 --> 0:13:32.319 discussion around Azerbaijan, while there is a kernel of truth 0:13:32.320 --> 0:13:35.679 in it, is a distraction from the core issue. 0:13:36.120 --> 0:13:40.720 Nick, we are one of New Caledonia's closest neighbors. What's 0:13:40.760 --> 0:13:42.520 the Australian government's response. 0:13:42.160 --> 0:13:45.360 Being, Australia is in a picle at the moment. As 0:13:45.440 --> 0:13:49.199 part of her outreach to all Pacific Island countries, Penny 0:13:49.200 --> 0:14:02.200 Wong has been actively engaging with New CALEDONIAE Saluer. She 0:14:02.360 --> 0:14:05.840 was the first foreign minister from Australia ever to address 0:14:05.920 --> 0:14:08.960 the Congress of New Caledonia in April last year. So 0:14:09.040 --> 0:14:11.640 the government is trying to reach out to integrate New 0:14:11.679 --> 0:14:13.200 Caledonia into regional affairs. 0:14:14.720 --> 0:14:17.800 It is a great honor to be the first Australian 0:14:17.840 --> 0:14:25.000 foreign minister, indeed the first Australian minister to address the 0:14:25.080 --> 0:14:27.239 Congress of New Caledonia. 0:14:28.120 --> 0:14:31.720 But at the same time successive governments, both Coalition and 0:14:31.800 --> 0:14:35.040 Labor in Australia have been backing France's Indo Pacific strategy. 0:14:35.800 --> 0:14:39.320 France is seen as a Western power useful in the 0:14:39.320 --> 0:14:44.080 mobilization against Chinese influence in the region, and Deputy Prime 0:14:44.080 --> 0:14:46.600 Minister and Defense Minister Richard Miles has been at the 0:14:46.640 --> 0:14:50.280 forefront of a series of agreements with the French government 0:14:50.680 --> 0:14:52.120 to work very closely together. 0:14:52.560 --> 0:14:56.280 France matters because they are effectively our closest neighbor, I mean, 0:14:56.280 --> 0:14:58.560 the closest overseas population to where we're all sitting in 0:14:58.640 --> 0:15:02.440 this room today is in France. It's new mea and 0:15:02.600 --> 0:15:05.800 France see us as a critical partner as. 0:15:05.600 --> 0:15:09.240 Well, and this is a sort of tension in Australian policy. 0:15:09.560 --> 0:15:13.680 They're engaged with Indo Pacific strategies with France, but they've 0:15:13.720 --> 0:15:16.240 also got a Pacific Island strategy what's often dubbed the 0:15:16.240 --> 0:15:21.400 Blue Pacific agendas around development, around poverty, around climate, climate climate. 0:15:22.160 --> 0:15:25.240 You know, there's a whole lot of practical things that 0:15:25.280 --> 0:15:29.800 could be done to help improve the country. 0:15:33.920 --> 0:15:36.920 So what's our next step when we keep calling on 0:15:37.000 --> 0:15:41.840 this hele chloroform to be withdrawn and for a high 0:15:41.960 --> 0:15:44.720 level independent mission to be sent to New cal dinner 0:15:45.040 --> 0:15:45.720 from Paris. 0:15:46.880 --> 0:15:50.520 The independence movement, the fl and KS has called for 0:15:50.560 --> 0:15:54.920 a high level mediation mission. You know, they're calling for 0:15:55.160 --> 0:15:58.320 high level dignitaries, indeed not just from France, but from 0:15:58.320 --> 0:16:02.520 the region and internationally to participate in this talanoah. As 0:16:02.520 --> 0:16:05.400 they say, in the Pacific there talking through of these tensions, 0:16:05.720 --> 0:16:10.440 trying to calm tensions, create a dialogue that's respectful, that 0:16:10.680 --> 0:16:13.080 takes time. In the Pacific way. 0:16:14.000 --> 0:16:19.400 Now what you can see is regret about ogitation is 0:16:19.440 --> 0:16:24.720 that you know, people already have difficulties emitting. You know, 0:16:24.920 --> 0:16:30.960 their needs are now the most impacted by this situation, 0:16:31.320 --> 0:16:34.320 while on the other side of town, people are still 0:16:34.320 --> 0:16:37.120 living their lives as if nothing's happening in this country. 0:16:37.080 --> 0:16:39.640 I'm going to the beach, going to restaurants, you know, 0:16:40.400 --> 0:16:44.800 having access to basic needs. The other part of this 0:16:45.440 --> 0:16:48.600 town people are struggling to find food. 0:16:51.240 --> 0:16:53.600 I think one of the most important things is that 0:16:53.640 --> 0:16:56.720 we need to listen to people on the ground, regardless 0:16:56.800 --> 0:17:00.600 whether they support independence or opposed it. We need more 0:17:00.640 --> 0:17:06.400 sustained engagement with Kannak voices, with other New Caledonian voices 0:17:06.720 --> 0:17:10.480 to understand what are their priorities, their hopes, their aspirations. 0:17:11.880 --> 0:17:13.399 Nick, thanks so much of your time today. 0:17:13.760 --> 0:17:14.399 Thank you kindly. 0:17:32.800 --> 0:17:35.639 Also in the news today, Australia's minimum wage and award 0:17:35.640 --> 0:17:39.240 wages will increase by three point seventy five percent, according 0:17:39.240 --> 0:17:42.520 to an announcement from the Fair Work Commission. The decision, 0:17:42.520 --> 0:17:44.640 which will come into effect from the first of July, 0:17:44.760 --> 0:17:47.680 will see the national minimum wage increase to twenty four 0:17:47.680 --> 0:17:51.320 dollars and ten cents an hour, and the Immigration Minister 0:17:51.440 --> 0:17:54.080 has admitted he was wrong to claim that surveillance drones 0:17:54.119 --> 0:17:58.359 were monitoring people released from immigration to tention. Andrew Giles 0:17:58.480 --> 0:18:01.520 made that assertion last week while explaining why a cohort 0:18:01.520 --> 0:18:05.280 of people released from indefinite detention that included convicted criminals 0:18:05.400 --> 0:18:08.600 weren't required to wear an electronic ankle monitor or observe 0:18:08.640 --> 0:18:12.159 a curfew. Drones are being used to capture footage of 0:18:12.200 --> 0:18:15.480 their accommodation, but the Minister's now released a statement saying 0:18:15.480 --> 0:18:19.000 that Border Force isn't using drones to track the individuals. 0:18:19.880 --> 0:18:22.840 I'm Ashlin McGhee. That's all from the seven amteam for today. 0:18:22.880 --> 0:18:25.480 Thanks for your company and we'll see you again tomorrow.