1 00:00:03,810 --> 00:00:06,720 Sean Aylmer: Welcome to the Fear & Greed Daily Interview. I'm Sean Aylmer. 2 00:00:07,020 --> 00:00:09,270 Sean Aylmer: I reckon this could be one of the most futuristic 3 00:00:09,270 --> 00:00:11,580 Sean Aylmer: interviews we have ever done on this podcast. And it's 4 00:00:11,580 --> 00:00:13,830 Sean Aylmer: not just talking about where we're going, it's about a 5 00:00:13,830 --> 00:00:18,239 Sean Aylmer: company that's already doing remarkable things with technology. While electric 6 00:00:18,239 --> 00:00:21,900 Sean Aylmer: vehicles are booming, one part of the industry still seems 7 00:00:21,900 --> 00:00:27,059 Sean Aylmer: a little problematic. The promise of driverless, autonomous vehicles. We're 8 00:00:27,059 --> 00:00:30,719 Sean Aylmer: a long way from having true self-driving cars. But Australian company, 9 00:00:30,719 --> 00:00:34,170 Sean Aylmer: Applied EV, is coming at it from a different perspective. 10 00:00:34,170 --> 00:00:37,890 Sean Aylmer: Instead of trying to get driverless cars delivering passengers, they're 11 00:00:37,890 --> 00:00:42,060 Sean Aylmer: focusing on self-driving vehicles that do dangerous, dirty, or dull jobs. 12 00:00:42,390 --> 00:00:45,330 Sean Aylmer: Not quite as glamorous, but pretty amazing. Julian Broadbent is 13 00:00:45,330 --> 00:00:49,499 Sean Aylmer: the founder and CEO of Applied EV. Julian, welcome to Fear & Greed. 14 00:00:49,860 --> 00:00:52,709 Julian Broadbent: Great to be here, Sean. Thank you for the very 15 00:00:52,709 --> 00:00:54,449 Julian Broadbent: positive introduction. Loved it. 16 00:00:55,230 --> 00:00:58,260 Sean Aylmer: Julian, you worked for General Motors in Detroit and Melbourne 17 00:00:58,260 --> 00:01:01,890 Sean Aylmer: for nearly 20 years. Much of your role during that 18 00:01:01,890 --> 00:01:07,020 Sean Aylmer: period was identifying trends. At what point did it click 19 00:01:07,110 --> 00:01:09,390 Sean Aylmer: with you that EVs are the future? 20 00:01:10,619 --> 00:01:14,819 Julian Broadbent: The tipping point was really when GM in particular, and 21 00:01:14,819 --> 00:01:18,240 Julian Broadbent: this was the same for any automaker really, General Motors 22 00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:21,599 Julian Broadbent: is just my company that I worked with, but every OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) 23 00:01:21,599 --> 00:01:25,949 Julian Broadbent: was starting to celebrate 100-year birthdays. There's probably been a 24 00:01:25,950 --> 00:01:31,410 Julian Broadbent: plethora of them, and what that implies is the process 25 00:01:31,410 --> 00:01:37,350 Julian Broadbent: of building a particular product is approaching full optimisation in 26 00:01:37,350 --> 00:01:40,169 Julian Broadbent: terms of how things are built and how they're done. So, 27 00:01:40,980 --> 00:01:46,770 Julian Broadbent: what was very interesting was the advent of technology companies 28 00:01:46,770 --> 00:01:50,970 Julian Broadbent: in a completely different lane, starting to embrace themes like, 29 00:01:50,970 --> 00:01:55,680 Julian Broadbent: "Software eats the world." A great Marc Andreessen comment. Starting 30 00:01:55,680 --> 00:02:01,320 Julian Broadbent: to see technology emerging in other industries, which weren't just software, 31 00:02:01,500 --> 00:02:06,629 Julian Broadbent: in mining industries, some beginnings around technology and self- driving vehicles, 32 00:02:06,629 --> 00:02:10,410 Julian Broadbent: et cetera. So, if you imagine that you're sitting inside 33 00:02:10,410 --> 00:02:12,690 Julian Broadbent: a giant OEM ... And there was lots of people doing this, 34 00:02:12,900 --> 00:02:15,419 Julian Broadbent: of course, I wasn't the only one. Looking out the 35 00:02:15,419 --> 00:02:19,829 Julian Broadbent: window it was like, "Wow, is it actually possible that 36 00:02:19,830 --> 00:02:23,579 Julian Broadbent: Windows could actually drive a vehicle?" Because it was a 37 00:02:23,579 --> 00:02:26,460 Julian Broadbent: bit of a joke, right? In the late '90s when 38 00:02:26,820 --> 00:02:29,669 Julian Broadbent: we had Office or Microsoft Windows, or it could have 39 00:02:29,669 --> 00:02:33,690 Julian Broadbent: been a Mac as well, the system would crash. You'd 40 00:02:33,690 --> 00:02:37,290 Julian Broadbent: get a blue screen and Microsoft would say, "Sorry." So, 41 00:02:37,290 --> 00:02:42,749 Julian Broadbent: the whole idea of Windows running a vehicle was quite unfathomable. 42 00:02:42,750 --> 00:02:47,250 Julian Broadbent: And I became intrigued with some of the movements around 43 00:02:47,460 --> 00:02:50,579 Julian Broadbent: Google X at the time, it wasn't even Waymo, and we 44 00:02:50,580 --> 00:02:53,610 Julian Broadbent: began some programs where we were shipping some of the 45 00:02:53,610 --> 00:02:57,508 Julian Broadbent: very first electric vehicles in GM to the Mountain View 46 00:02:57,508 --> 00:03:00,630 Julian Broadbent: campus of Google, to do a thing called ride sharing. 47 00:03:01,320 --> 00:03:04,109 Julian Broadbent: They called it ride sharing. We'd never heard of that. 48 00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:06,360 Julian Broadbent: Which was really just like a tap and go, you 49 00:03:06,360 --> 00:03:08,099 Julian Broadbent: could get a vehicle whenever you want, and you just 50 00:03:08,099 --> 00:03:10,649 Julian Broadbent: left it parked a bit like what we would see 51 00:03:10,830 --> 00:03:12,990 Julian Broadbent: e-bikes or e- scooters do today. This was just on 52 00:03:12,990 --> 00:03:15,990 Julian Broadbent: the Google campus. So, it felt that there was this 53 00:03:15,990 --> 00:03:19,500 Julian Broadbent: big shift, there was this big shift in technology. It 54 00:03:19,500 --> 00:03:24,000 Julian Broadbent: was only a matter of time before the incumbent automakers 55 00:03:24,090 --> 00:03:26,250 Julian Broadbent: were going to be threatened. And then, I guess, the 56 00:03:26,250 --> 00:03:29,940 Julian Broadbent: punchline that we're all very well aware of now is that 57 00:03:30,389 --> 00:03:33,330 Julian Broadbent: a South African- born American decided that he would do 58 00:03:33,330 --> 00:03:36,930 Julian Broadbent: an electric car for a market that didn't exist, according 59 00:03:36,930 --> 00:03:40,710 Julian Broadbent: to the OEMs. And of course, the market did exist. So, 60 00:03:40,710 --> 00:03:44,700 Julian Broadbent: at this point of time, I just found this really 61 00:03:44,700 --> 00:03:50,099 Julian Broadbent: interesting given where these very mature companies were, and maybe 62 00:03:50,099 --> 00:03:52,770 Julian Broadbent: we were living at this point in time, inside a 63 00:03:52,770 --> 00:03:55,500 Julian Broadbent: Kodak moment. If you follow me there? Maybe we were 64 00:03:55,500 --> 00:03:58,740 Julian Broadbent: sitting right in the middle of the digital camera disrupting 65 00:03:58,740 --> 00:04:01,560 Julian Broadbent: the emulsion film business. Maybe that's what it was. And 66 00:04:01,560 --> 00:04:02,610 Julian Broadbent: that was intriguing. 67 00:04:03,570 --> 00:04:06,988 Sean Aylmer: So, there's still quite a ways to go from that 68 00:04:07,590 --> 00:04:11,370 Sean Aylmer: to launching your own EV business. What made you do it? 69 00:04:12,090 --> 00:04:15,570 Julian Broadbent: It was really, we're not the youngest startup in the 70 00:04:15,570 --> 00:04:18,720 Julian Broadbent: world in terms of the average age of the individuals. 71 00:04:18,720 --> 00:04:22,440 Julian Broadbent: We're not the cliche. We're probably a bit more old 72 00:04:22,440 --> 00:04:27,359 Julian Broadbent: age and cunning than youth and enthusiasm. We're probably a 73 00:04:27,360 --> 00:04:31,710 Julian Broadbent: little bit wiser. We actually attract a lot of really senior, 74 00:04:32,279 --> 00:04:36,030 Julian Broadbent: not as in age, but senior as in high- level personnel. 75 00:04:36,570 --> 00:04:39,480 Julian Broadbent: We attract people that feel like they want to make 76 00:04:39,480 --> 00:04:42,240 Julian Broadbent: a difference, and they want to be able to take 77 00:04:42,240 --> 00:04:49,589 Julian Broadbent: a technology and deliver something remarkable. So, weren't sitting there saying, "Okay, 78 00:04:50,130 --> 00:04:54,330 Julian Broadbent: here's our Harvard business plan and we want to raise 79 00:04:54,660 --> 00:04:57,479 Julian Broadbent: particular money on the back of this business plan that 80 00:04:57,480 --> 00:05:01,440 Julian Broadbent: paints a picture of a really audacious goal and a 81 00:05:01,440 --> 00:05:04,260 Julian Broadbent: big end of the rainbow opportunity that would be incredibly 82 00:05:04,260 --> 00:05:07,770 Julian Broadbent: hard to solve." We were probably more, "Why don't we 83 00:05:07,770 --> 00:05:10,260 Julian Broadbent: try and understand what people haven't understood yet? Why don't 84 00:05:10,260 --> 00:05:13,529 Julian Broadbent: we try and understand what the gap is here? What 85 00:05:13,529 --> 00:05:17,010 Julian Broadbent: is the gap between Silicon Valley and Detroit? What is 86 00:05:17,010 --> 00:05:21,719 Julian Broadbent: the gap between Silicon Valley and the German automakers? Why 87 00:05:21,719 --> 00:05:26,640 Julian Broadbent: isn't software technology moving across into more automotive? Why isn't 88 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:30,690 Julian Broadbent: that technology been able to be commercialized?" Even though very, 89 00:05:30,690 --> 00:05:35,190 Julian Broadbent: very quickly, $100 billion-plus had been pumped into that. And so, 90 00:05:35,190 --> 00:05:38,160 Julian Broadbent: we just became intrigued. We kind of had automotive experience. 91 00:05:38,279 --> 00:05:42,839 Julian Broadbent: We kind of knew about technology. We weren't locked into 92 00:05:42,839 --> 00:05:47,610 Julian Broadbent: one ecosystem or the other. So, AEV has built itself 93 00:05:47,610 --> 00:05:51,089 Julian Broadbent: up to be able to create products that are essentially 94 00:05:51,178 --> 00:05:56,399 Julian Broadbent: gluing technology into the established automotive sector. 95 00:05:57,210 --> 00:06:02,370 Sean Aylmer: Okay. I mean, we hear about driverless cars and trucks 96 00:06:02,370 --> 00:06:07,410 Sean Aylmer: and things like that. Is that the headline act for 97 00:06:07,800 --> 00:06:10,498 Sean Aylmer: AEV, as you put it, or is it primarily what 98 00:06:10,500 --> 00:06:10,950 Sean Aylmer: you're doing? 99 00:06:11,460 --> 00:06:14,250 Julian Broadbent: So, what we do is what the industry is now 100 00:06:14,250 --> 00:06:20,789 Julian Broadbent: calling X-by-wire, which is like fly-by-wire, drive-by-wire, control-by-wire. In other words, 101 00:06:20,790 --> 00:06:24,868 Julian Broadbent: it's controlling an entire machine and all the functions of 102 00:06:24,870 --> 00:06:28,859 Julian Broadbent: a machine with software. And one aspect of control is 103 00:06:28,860 --> 00:06:31,830 Julian Broadbent: driving the vehicle, but then there's other aspects of control 104 00:06:31,830 --> 00:06:35,519 Julian Broadbent: like the applications that might run on that vehicle, opening 105 00:06:35,520 --> 00:06:39,630 Julian Broadbent: the doors for a delivery vehicle, operating the system via 106 00:06:39,630 --> 00:06:44,370 Julian Broadbent: remote control, the tele-operations. All of these things need to 107 00:06:44,370 --> 00:06:48,990 Julian Broadbent: be synthesised together to create a product that is truly 108 00:06:48,990 --> 00:06:53,250 Julian Broadbent: running on software. Because the ultimate goal for everyone in 109 00:06:53,250 --> 00:06:56,820 Julian Broadbent: the entire value chain, the people that make the vehicle, 110 00:06:56,820 --> 00:07:02,789 Julian Broadbent: the autonomous technology partners, the sensor companies, our company, and 111 00:07:02,790 --> 00:07:06,359 Julian Broadbent: then the end user, the customer who's trying to provide 112 00:07:06,360 --> 00:07:09,659 Julian Broadbent: a service to the consumer. We're all trying to extract 113 00:07:09,660 --> 00:07:13,530 Julian Broadbent: value that we couldn't get before, by taking the driver 114 00:07:13,530 --> 00:07:17,850 Julian Broadbent: out or removing mechanical components that can be replaced with software. 115 00:07:18,180 --> 00:07:21,780 Julian Broadbent: But now compared to, say, the early days of the 116 00:07:21,780 --> 00:07:25,410 Julian Broadbent: industry where some of the companies were literally trying to 117 00:07:25,410 --> 00:07:30,029 Julian Broadbent: boil the ocean, they would be fully vertically integrated. Everyone's 118 00:07:30,029 --> 00:07:32,700 Julian Broadbent: now realised this is an incredibly hard thing to do. So, 119 00:07:32,700 --> 00:07:35,280 Julian Broadbent: there's a lot of great partnerships that are forming to 120 00:07:35,280 --> 00:07:37,950 Julian Broadbent: be able to, I guess, share a slice of the pie. 121 00:07:38,610 --> 00:07:40,560 Sean Aylmer: Stay with me, Julian. We'll be back in a minute. 122 00:07:46,949 --> 00:07:50,670 Sean Aylmer: My guest this morning is Julian Broadbent, founder and CEO 123 00:07:50,670 --> 00:07:55,770 Sean Aylmer: of Applied EV. Where are we up to in that 124 00:07:56,070 --> 00:08:00,930 Sean Aylmer: process or journey or whatever it is, towards getting a, 125 00:08:00,960 --> 00:08:03,420 Sean Aylmer: I'm going to say, a driverless car? But it's much broader 126 00:08:03,420 --> 00:08:05,309 Sean Aylmer: than that. That will be my euphemism for what we're 127 00:08:05,309 --> 00:08:08,400 Sean Aylmer: talking about here. And where are the real pain points? 128 00:08:09,300 --> 00:08:12,630 Julian Broadbent: We're a lot closer now. We, the industry, we're a 129 00:08:12,630 --> 00:08:17,000 Julian Broadbent: lot closer. We are seeing that a lot of autonomous 130 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:21,630 Julian Broadbent: vehicle companies are now very much focused on commercialisation, so they're 131 00:08:21,630 --> 00:08:26,220 Julian Broadbent: bringing the horizon forward. Remember, the culture before March '22 was, 132 00:08:26,220 --> 00:08:29,040 Julian Broadbent: "There's endless money we can keep shooting for the stars 133 00:08:29,040 --> 00:08:32,490 Julian Broadbent: and trying to land on the moon." But when the world 134 00:08:32,490 --> 00:08:36,719 Julian Broadbent: of free money disappeared, and we had normalised, again, the 135 00:08:36,719 --> 00:08:39,358 Julian Broadbent: whole industry started to become, "Well, hang on a minute. 136 00:08:39,450 --> 00:08:42,419 Julian Broadbent: We can't do this all by ourselves. We need to 137 00:08:42,450 --> 00:08:46,050 Julian Broadbent: partner and we need to commercialise like yesterday." Right? "Because 138 00:08:46,050 --> 00:08:47,939 Julian Broadbent: we're running out of money. We need to go from 139 00:08:47,940 --> 00:08:51,689 Julian Broadbent: an idea to a real business." And so that's, I guess, 140 00:08:51,719 --> 00:08:54,990 Julian Broadbent: all the new technology elements of what it takes to 141 00:08:54,990 --> 00:08:58,830 Julian Broadbent: bring an autonomous vehicle to market. And I guess also, 142 00:08:58,889 --> 00:09:05,010 Julian Broadbent: maybe serendipitously, the entire automotive side of the equation, the 143 00:09:05,010 --> 00:09:09,179 Julian Broadbent: vehicle side of the equation have been disrupted by someone 144 00:09:09,179 --> 00:09:13,470 Julian Broadbent: like Tesla. And so, the entire automotive side of the 145 00:09:13,920 --> 00:09:16,109 Julian Broadbent: value chain is now saying, "Well, how do we run 146 00:09:16,109 --> 00:09:21,420 Julian Broadbent: vehicles on software, which creates better margin and better business 147 00:09:21,420 --> 00:09:25,110 Julian Broadbent: for the automakers, which again happens to be a hand-in-glove 148 00:09:26,340 --> 00:09:30,569 Julian Broadbent: necessity to run functions, high- level functions like autonomous driving?" 149 00:09:30,990 --> 00:09:32,730 Julian Broadbent: I hope you can follow that. This is a- 150 00:09:32,910 --> 00:09:36,540 Sean Aylmer: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. My question then is, so with autonomous 151 00:09:36,540 --> 00:09:40,290 Sean Aylmer: vehicles, all these sub- parts are heading in that direction, 152 00:09:40,290 --> 00:09:43,950 Sean Aylmer: and there's a certain fiscal discipline that from March 2022 with 153 00:09:43,950 --> 00:09:48,660 Sean Aylmer: the energy crisis, inflation, higher interest rates, that has probably 154 00:09:48,660 --> 00:09:50,490 Sean Aylmer: a good thing for the sector, in a sense, because 155 00:09:50,490 --> 00:09:54,299 Sean Aylmer: it makes you focus on commerciality of it. The point 156 00:09:54,299 --> 00:09:56,610 Sean Aylmer: is that, I mean, there are autonomous trucks, and I know you 157 00:09:56,610 --> 00:10:00,000 Sean Aylmer: have been involved in autonomous heavy vehicles and things like 158 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:03,630 Sean Aylmer: that. I mean, is it a fair question to say, is it 159 00:10:03,630 --> 00:10:09,029 Sean Aylmer: actually consumers adopting it? Is it Internet of Things that's 160 00:10:09,030 --> 00:10:11,549 Sean Aylmer: the issue? What is it that we really need, the 161 00:10:11,549 --> 00:10:14,340 Sean Aylmer: big hurdle before we get there? Or, is that an 162 00:10:14,340 --> 00:10:15,240 Sean Aylmer: unfair question? 163 00:10:15,480 --> 00:10:19,620 Julian Broadbent: No, no, no. It's absolutely right. The challenges are of 164 00:10:19,620 --> 00:10:23,250 Julian Broadbent: a very high order of magnitude because of the amount 165 00:10:23,250 --> 00:10:26,608 Julian Broadbent: of software involved. And when I use software, it's not 166 00:10:26,610 --> 00:10:29,699 Julian Broadbent: just front end, what you see on a screen. It's 167 00:10:29,699 --> 00:10:34,410 Julian Broadbent: really the middleware, the engine room software. But the entire 168 00:10:34,470 --> 00:10:40,500 Julian Broadbent: product that is now spread across different partners in the industry, automakers, 169 00:10:40,500 --> 00:10:45,719 Julian Broadbent: technology companies like us, autonomous software guys, sensor companies, camera companies, 170 00:10:45,960 --> 00:10:48,660 Julian Broadbent: AI compute, this is what goes into a vehicle. It's 171 00:10:48,690 --> 00:10:55,980 Julian Broadbent: a really, really substantially smart machine, probably bordering on having 172 00:10:55,980 --> 00:11:01,679 Julian Broadbent: to cover more software territory than aerospace. Aerospace is obviously 173 00:11:01,679 --> 00:11:05,489 Julian Broadbent: looks very dramatic, and it obviously is a very significant thing, 174 00:11:05,490 --> 00:11:10,920 Julian Broadbent: but we're talking about essentially that aerospace level of technology 175 00:11:11,190 --> 00:11:16,560 Julian Broadbent: and some. We're talking about interfacing with consumers. Aerospace doesn't 176 00:11:16,590 --> 00:11:20,880 Julian Broadbent: interface with consumers. They're all professionals, it's a well- established industry, 177 00:11:20,880 --> 00:11:24,449 Julian Broadbent: lots of safety processes. We're talking about that level of 178 00:11:24,450 --> 00:11:29,640 Julian Broadbent: software and beyond, because there's all that functionality entering our lives. 179 00:11:30,540 --> 00:11:35,610 Julian Broadbent: And so, to be able to not have any, I guess, failure points 180 00:11:35,610 --> 00:11:39,479 Julian Broadbent: or any blue screens is incredibly difficult. That's what the industry's, 181 00:11:39,540 --> 00:11:42,240 Julian Broadbent: I guess, thinking about at the moment. And if I could 182 00:11:42,240 --> 00:11:46,140 Julian Broadbent: share an example with you, everyone gets a new car 183 00:11:46,140 --> 00:11:49,588 Julian Broadbent: every now and again, and we've had a few new 184 00:11:49,590 --> 00:11:52,468 Julian Broadbent: cars in our family over the last few years, and 185 00:11:53,370 --> 00:11:58,920 Julian Broadbent: nearly every one of them, brand new, 2022, 2023, have had 186 00:11:58,920 --> 00:12:02,100 Julian Broadbent: a problem with software. And when you think about that 187 00:12:02,100 --> 00:12:04,620 Julian Broadbent: in the context of a vehicle that might be self-driving, 188 00:12:04,620 --> 00:12:06,390 Julian Broadbent: that's diabolical, right? 189 00:12:06,390 --> 00:12:09,000 Sean Aylmer: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. No room for error. 190 00:12:09,300 --> 00:12:11,400 Julian Broadbent: I'm just talking about the way your phone might connect. 191 00:12:11,670 --> 00:12:12,000 Sean Aylmer: Yeah. Yeah. 192 00:12:12,330 --> 00:12:16,440 Julian Broadbent: So, the ability to be able to tolerate a failure 193 00:12:16,440 --> 00:12:20,580 Julian Broadbent: point in the software, which is now not become the 194 00:12:20,580 --> 00:12:24,120 Julian Broadbent: second order level of control, because us as drivers would 195 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:27,330 Julian Broadbent: be the first level of order. The software is now 196 00:12:27,330 --> 00:12:31,710 Julian Broadbent: the first order control of the machine. So, now it 197 00:12:31,710 --> 00:12:35,069 Julian Broadbent: needs to be perfect. And so, getting really specific about 198 00:12:35,070 --> 00:12:38,670 Julian Broadbent: your question, the safety and the robustness of that software, 199 00:12:38,670 --> 00:12:41,370 Julian Broadbent: the ability to do error checking, the ability for the 200 00:12:41,370 --> 00:12:45,150 Julian Broadbent: software to correct itself, to be able to manage different 201 00:12:45,150 --> 00:12:49,349 Julian Broadbent: modes when something hasn't worked, and being able to protect 202 00:12:49,349 --> 00:12:53,399 Julian Broadbent: almost completely against it, is now the challenge. But the 203 00:12:53,400 --> 00:12:57,420 Julian Broadbent: good news is that horizon is now in our sights. 204 00:12:57,630 --> 00:12:58,590 Sean Aylmer: And we will get there? 205 00:12:59,670 --> 00:13:02,940 Julian Broadbent: Yeah, definitely we will. It won't be a slam dunk 206 00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:07,590 Julian Broadbent: arrival of autonomous cars from the George Jetson kind of ... 207 00:13:09,059 --> 00:13:11,789 Julian Broadbent: It's going to happen like a lot of these fairly 208 00:13:11,789 --> 00:13:16,470 Julian Broadbent: sophisticated technologies in our lives, it's going to appear in 209 00:13:16,470 --> 00:13:20,070 Julian Broadbent: other industries. It's going to be proven out. It's going 210 00:13:20,070 --> 00:13:23,670 Julian Broadbent: to be developed in safe, what we call operating domains. 211 00:13:24,059 --> 00:13:26,549 Julian Broadbent: There's going to be real commercial opportunities in these operating 212 00:13:26,549 --> 00:13:29,609 Julian Broadbent: domains, and that's going to fuel the industry to mature 213 00:13:29,609 --> 00:13:33,630 Julian Broadbent: that technology to bring it to a consumer level. 214 00:13:34,260 --> 00:13:36,180 Sean Aylmer: Julian, thank you for talking to Fear & Greed. 215 00:13:36,840 --> 00:13:38,968 Julian Broadbent: Oh, really appreciate the time. Thank you so much. 216 00:13:39,450 --> 00:13:42,930 Sean Aylmer: That was Julian Broadbent, founder and CEO of Applied EV. 217 00:13:43,290 --> 00:13:45,630 Sean Aylmer: This is the Fear & Greed Daily Interview. Join us every 218 00:13:45,630 --> 00:13:48,388 Sean Aylmer: morning for the full episode of Fear & Greed, Australia's most 219 00:13:48,389 --> 00:13:51,720 Sean Aylmer: popular business podcast. I'm Sean Aylmer. Enjoy your day.