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Speaker 1: From the Australian. Here's what's on the front. I'm Claire Harvey.

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Speaker 1: It's Monday, October seventh. Commemorations Today mark the one year

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Speaker 1: anniversary of a terrorist attack on Israel that launched a

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Speaker 1: new phase of conflict and set the Middle East on

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Speaker 1: the brink of wider war. Anthony Alberanese's government has shifted

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Speaker 1: its language on Israel's right to defend itself, condemning anti

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Speaker 1: Semitism and declaring Israel has a right to defend itself

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Speaker 1: by responding to missile attacks on its soil. Today a

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Speaker 1: special episode of the Front with our correspondent on the

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Speaker 1: ground in Israel, Jonni Vashanh. Sixteen years ago, a little

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Speaker 1: boy named Tull Grushka appeared on Israel's Channel twelve TV station,

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Speaker 1: talking proudly about his upcoming performance in a major piano competition.

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Speaker 2: Much long hato.

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Speaker 1: By twenty eighteen, that little boy was twenty years old,

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Speaker 1: A tall, muscular young soldier still in love with the piano.

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Speaker 1: He posted a video on YouTube, where he had fourteen subscribers,

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Speaker 1: of himself playing Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata Part three. In the video,

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Speaker 1: teal Grushka is wearing ripped denim shorts and a T shirt.

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Speaker 1: Sitting at an upright piano. He's concentrating hard, playing on

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Speaker 1: through a few tiny mistakes. He's not looking at any

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Speaker 1: sheet music. He's learned this piece by heart and a

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Speaker 1: year ago today, Talgrushka was a twenty five year old

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Speaker 1: major with the Israeli Army's Nahull Brigade nine hundred and

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Speaker 1: thirty first Battalion, based in the West Bank, just south

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Speaker 1: of Bethlehem. Early in the morning, they were called to

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Speaker 1: respond to a major terrorist attack unfolding to the south,

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Speaker 1: Hamas fighters flooding over the border from Gaza into rural

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Speaker 1: villages including Kafar Azar. Grushka and his men were racing

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Speaker 1: to kafa Azar to defend the civilians from what would

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Speaker 1: be one of the day's worst massacres, but Grushka never

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Speaker 1: made it. Their convoy was ambushed by Hamas fighters a

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Speaker 1: few hundred meters from Kafar Azar, and when Grushka opened

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Speaker 1: the door of his armored vehicle, he was shot dead.

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Speaker 3: Stunning developments in Israel, as Palestinian militants fired thousands of rockets.

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Speaker 2: The mass today launched a major surprise attack on Israel

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Speaker 2: bi Airs reporter cowded an idea of Commander who mentioned

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Speaker 2: the discovery of approximately forty BB's who had been subjected

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Speaker 2: to horrifying violence, some beheaded. There is the mazazazas in

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Speaker 2: the bedrooms in theos and how the toy excuse them.

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Speaker 2: It's not at all, It's not a butterfit.

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Speaker 1: And on October ten, as Israel reeled from the twelve

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Speaker 1: hundred deaths and hundreds of hostages taken in the attacks,

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Speaker 1: Talgushka was buried.

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Speaker 3: It's a military cemetery in an area called Kas Sabah,

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Speaker 3: and it was quite late at night and packed with people.

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Speaker 3: This was three days after October seven, at a time

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Speaker 3: when Israel was overrun with burials.

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Speaker 1: Johnny Bishan is the Australian's journalist and he'd scrambled to

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Speaker 1: get to Israel. Just hours after landing in Tel Aviv,

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Speaker 1: Johnny found himself among the mourners at Talgrushka's funeral.

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Speaker 2: There was actually four soldiers buried that evening.

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Speaker 3: Tal was the first and his funeral was held at

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Speaker 3: approximately ten pm inside that cemetery because similar services were

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Speaker 3: is taking place all over the country and at all hours,

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Speaker 3: so I just got off the plane, I'd just put

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Speaker 3: my bags and I had never attended a military funeral

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Speaker 3: in Israel before, but I found myself standing at this

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Speaker 3: event with Tult's family, who I knew through my own family,

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Speaker 3: but I'd actually never met.

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Speaker 2: Them before, and so there was an extra layer of poignancy.

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Speaker 1: Johnny has been back and forth to Israel over the

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Speaker 1: past year, and today in The Australian we're publishing his

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Speaker 1: interview with tel Grushka's family.

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Speaker 3: The impression I got listening to Tull's family was that

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Speaker 3: he was a lovely guy, still very much of the

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Speaker 3: ten year old kid who loved the piano and he

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Speaker 3: was actually a piano prodigy at a young age, but

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Speaker 3: that he'd grown into this strong, fearless soldier who just

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Speaker 3: believed in the mission of being a soldier. What was

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Speaker 3: clear to me was that he wasn't in the army

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Speaker 3: and pursuing a career in the army for the sake

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Speaker 3: of carrying a gun and wearing a uniform, which in

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Speaker 3: this country there is a lot of cachet that comes

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Speaker 3: with that, but fetal doing these things was a a

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Speaker 3: matter of security.

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Speaker 2: And safety for the Jewish people.

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Speaker 3: And I know this not just because his family told me,

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Speaker 3: but because I've read some of his writings and some

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Speaker 3: of his poetry which he posted online and which his

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Speaker 3: family had given to me. But one of the other

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Speaker 3: legacies of Tal as a commander was that he was

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Speaker 3: very insistent with his troops that every Friday, just before

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Speaker 3: the Shabbat weekend, they take out their mobile phones.

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Speaker 2: And call their grandparents.

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Speaker 3: And this is partly because he had his own very

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Speaker 3: strong connection with his own grandparents. And possibly the saddest

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Speaker 3: side I could have seen at his funeral was his

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Speaker 3: grandfather standing there at the microphone and saying goodbye to

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Speaker 3: him too. The legacy out of this is that this

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Speaker 3: initiative of tilS has become something of a movement in Israel,

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Speaker 3: not just on social media, but fridge Magnet's been printed,

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Speaker 3: and there's a partnership with one of the telephone companies,

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Speaker 3: and a university here has been.

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Speaker 2: Promoting what Tal was doing with his soldiers.

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Speaker 3: So there's this message that's going out there every Friday,

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Speaker 3: you know, call your grandmother. Even among the people I've

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Speaker 3: encountered on this reporting trip to Israel, I hear about

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Speaker 3: young people making more of an effort to call their

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Speaker 3: elderly relatives, so it's undoubtedly having some sort of.

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Speaker 1: Impact in Israel. As in many societies where military service

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Speaker 1: is a part of life, there's a thread in popular

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Speaker 1: culture of the thoughtful warrior poet. Your dreams of better times, yo,

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Speaker 1: but I'm a soldier, and don't you cry for me? Girl,

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Speaker 1: goes the chorus of this nineteen seventy nine hit by

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Speaker 1: one of Israel's biggest stars, Shlomo Aatzi. Israel has been,

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Speaker 1: by choice and by circumstance a warrior state since it

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Speaker 1: was founded in nineteen forty eight, after centuries of persecution

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Speaker 1: and after six million Jews were murdered in Adolf Hitler's

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Speaker 1: Hole cost the United Nations split a tiny sliver on

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Speaker 1: the eastern shore of the Mediterranean roughly in half and

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Speaker 1: called one slice Palestine and the other slice Israel, an

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Speaker 1: acknowledgment that Jews and Muslims both regard this as their

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Speaker 1: holy land. The idea was to give Jews somewhere safe

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Speaker 1: to live forevermore, but the fighting has gone on ever since.

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Speaker 1: October seven, twenty twenty three, was just the latest iteration

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Speaker 1: har mass fighters swarming into Israel from Gaza and Israel

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Speaker 1: pounding Gaza with a stated aim of returning the hostages,

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Speaker 1: eliminating her Mass and destroying the tunnels under the strip.

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Speaker 1: Her Mass, which began as an elected government but which

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Speaker 1: morphed into a totalitarian regime, hasn't allowed Gazans a free

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Speaker 1: vote since two thousand and six. It brought on this

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Speaker 1: conflict with an intention of galvanizing the world against Israel,

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Speaker 1: and paying the price have been Gaza's Sevilians, with Hamas

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Speaker 1: claiming forty thousand have died in this year of bloodshed,

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Speaker 1: and in Israel, a sense of complacency and tranquility, particularly

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Speaker 1: for the post Holocaust generations, have been completely shattered. Israel

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Speaker 1: has quite a remarkable missile defense system called the Iron Dome,

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Speaker 1: which has protected it in a lot of instances from

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Speaker 1: rocket fire coming in from over its borders. But October

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Speaker 1: seven really shattered their sense of safety and their sense

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Speaker 1: of faith in the Israeli state to protect them, didn't it.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, And one of the drawbacks of having an Irondome

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Speaker 3: system is that in Israel's case, it didn't have as

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Speaker 3: much of an urgency to take care of the rockets

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Speaker 3: being fired from Hamas in Gaza. For many, many years,

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Speaker 3: because it had the safety of the Irondome system.

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Speaker 2: So as long as it was working.

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Speaker 3: And as long as missiles weren't landing in Israeli population centers,

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Speaker 3: there's no great need from the Israeli army to mount

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Speaker 3: any kind of incursion into Gaza or what Israeli sometimes

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Speaker 3: call a grass cutting mission, where you go in and

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Speaker 3: mow the lawn to get rid of the problem and

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Speaker 3: wait until it grows back. But because of that circumstance,

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Speaker 3: you've got a situation on October seven where hundreds, even

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Speaker 3: thousands of Hamas fighters and even ordinary Gazans have stormed

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Speaker 3: across the border infiltrated Israel. And what happened was Israel's

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Speaker 3: military was left flat footed by what happened. It was

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Speaker 3: caught off guard. So I guess we're left in a

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Speaker 3: situation where even now one year on, there's approximately one

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Speaker 3: hundred and one Israeli hostages still being held in Gaza.

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Speaker 3: And so the compact between the state and the people,

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Speaker 3: in which a person gives three years of their life

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Speaker 3: to military conscription and in return they're assured of that

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Speaker 3: safety and security, the image of that, or the symbolism

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Speaker 3: of that, seems to have been fractured in part because

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Speaker 3: Israelis are looking at Gaza and seeing their countrymen still

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Speaker 3: holding captivity, and while the army is doing whatever it

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Speaker 3: can to try and get them out, they are being hamstrung.

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Speaker 2: They haven't been.

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Speaker 3: Returned, and so that has had a devastating impact on

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Speaker 3: faith in the army and faith in the security establishment.

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Speaker 3: Although it's not totally broken, there are certainly some people

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Speaker 3: who are asking themselves what it's all for at.

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Speaker 1: This point, coming up after the break, how Tull Grushka's generation,

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Speaker 1: both in Israel and in countries like Australia, is responding

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Speaker 1: to this conflict in real time. The Australian subscribers have

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Speaker 1: been reading the best analysis of this huge story ever

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Speaker 1: since October seventh last year. Join us at the Australian

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Speaker 1: dot Com dou and we'll be back after the break.

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Speaker 1: It's young people who are having to fight this war

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Speaker 1: on Israel's behalf, and yet they are people who for

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Speaker 1: whom the Holocaust and the pogroms of history are just

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Speaker 1: that the history lessons. So how does this generation who's

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Speaker 1: grown up under the Iron Dome, grown up with a

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Speaker 1: sense of Israel being a safe place square this conflict

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Speaker 1: that they now find themselves in this existential fight.

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Speaker 3: This is a situation that Jews the world over may

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Speaker 3: not have had to contend with because they grew up

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Speaker 3: in a post Holocaust generation where Israel's.

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Speaker 2: Existence was always secured.

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Speaker 3: In Israel, however, there have been ongoing wars and ongoing skirmishes.

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Speaker 3: And when you're a young person growing up here, you

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Speaker 3: see your friends being drafted, You see your older siblings

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Speaker 3: enlisting in the army and being sent at times into

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Speaker 3: volatile and hostile parts of the region. And this war,

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Speaker 3: or these wars, first in Gaza and now in Lebanon,

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Speaker 3: don't appear to be all that different. And what I'm

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Speaker 3: certainly seeing from the young people is that no one

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Speaker 3: is reflecting on the events of October seven and asking

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Speaker 3: themselves what this is all for. Actually, they're heading in

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Speaker 3: quite the opposite direction. They've been galvanized by what's occurred

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Speaker 3: on October seven. They see the impending threat of doom

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Speaker 3: that's bearing down upon them, especially now from the world's

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Speaker 3: largest non state military actor in Hesbolah, and they're very

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Speaker 3: much energized to defeat this threat and do the work

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Speaker 3: that's required of them.

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Speaker 1: You Andi We've seen big protests on the streets of

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Speaker 1: Sydney and Melbourne on Sunday. There are increasing reports over

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Speaker 1: the year of antisemitism and of Jewish people who once

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Speaker 1: might have had mixed feelings about Israel, or who might

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Speaker 1: have deplored Israel's military actions against its neighbors, but who

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Speaker 1: now have different feelings. They've got a different sense of

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Speaker 1: why Israel exists and what it means for the Jewish

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Speaker 1: diasper all over the world. And then we've got Tael

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Speaker 1: Grushka's generation here in places like Australia, who are in

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Speaker 1: large part extremely concerned about Israel's actions in Gaza, and

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Speaker 1: many of whom believe that Israel has gone too far.

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Speaker 1: How is that perceived in Israel? The sense that in

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Speaker 1: the West Israel is being judged very harshly.

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Speaker 3: I think within Israel there's a great deal of confusion

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Speaker 3: about how it's being perceived in Western capitals and elsewhere,

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Speaker 3: because in Israel they see what they're doing in Gaza

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Speaker 3: as removing the threat of terrorism. I mean, for the

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Speaker 3: people here, it's very simple. There's a famous video of

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Speaker 3: a young hostage named Nama Lev who's being driven in

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Speaker 3: a youth to Gaza. Her pants have been soiled, she's

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Speaker 3: been grabbed by the hair by a Hamas terrorist. Her

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Speaker 3: achilles heel appears to have been cut so she can't

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Speaker 3: run away. You've got an image of this beautiful young

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Speaker 3: woman being dragged into Gaza, and you've got an Islamic

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Speaker 3: she had us dragging her by the hair to go

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Speaker 3: along with him. I mean, this is a very simple

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Speaker 3: fight for the people of Israel. I mean they're asking

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Speaker 3: people in the western capitals who side are you on?

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Speaker 3: Are you with the girl or are you with the

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Speaker 3: guy dragging her by the hair? That is the very

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Speaker 3: simple equation here. It's a fight against Islamic she Hadism.

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Speaker 3: It's a fight against terrorism, whether it's happening in Gaza,

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Speaker 3: or whether it's happening in southern Lebanon with Jsblah, or

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Speaker 3: whether it's coming via a long range threat from Iran,

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Speaker 3: or from the Huthi rebels in Yemen, or from the

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Speaker 3: other fronts in Iraq and Syria.

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Speaker 2: So that's the confusion here.

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Speaker 3: Israelis feel like they're doing the work of the West

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Speaker 3: combat a threat that they would face two And it's

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Speaker 3: for that reason that they can't really understand why there

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Speaker 3: are very high numbers of protesters gathering in Sydney, in

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Speaker 3: Melbourne and elsewhere, demanding that Israel call on an immediate

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Speaker 3: cease fire, stop the war, stop the fight and allow

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Speaker 3: this problem in the Middle East to proliferate.

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Speaker 1: Yonni Bishan is in Israel for The Australian. He'll be

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Speaker 1: reporting live from the ground with our journalist Lea Mendez

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Speaker 1: on commemorations and the very real thread of ground war

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Speaker 1: on the border with Lebanon. Join us at the Australian

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Speaker 1: dot com dot au