1 00:00:09,320 --> 00:00:12,799 Speaker 1: Hey, everyone, welcome to another edition of Wisdom Wednesdays and 2 00:00:13,200 --> 00:00:17,640 Speaker 1: to the last of twelve of our series of anti 3 00:00:17,720 --> 00:00:21,320 Speaker 1: aging strategies. And today we are goining to talk about 4 00:00:21,560 --> 00:00:25,640 Speaker 1: mitochondrial dysfunction, and it's basically. 5 00:00:25,239 --> 00:00:27,880 Speaker 2: The power failure behind aging. 6 00:00:27,960 --> 00:00:32,919 Speaker 1: That's power for people who can't understand my accent, and 7 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:40,600 Speaker 1: so mitochondrial dysfunction for me is probably the most important one, 8 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:44,360 Speaker 1: just in my opinion, of those twelve hallmarks of aging, 9 00:00:44,960 --> 00:00:49,920 Speaker 1: because we know that the mitochondria are implicated in almost 10 00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:54,279 Speaker 1: every one of the major causes of death, and they 11 00:00:54,320 --> 00:00:59,000 Speaker 1: are also implicated in pretty much every mental health condition 12 00:00:59,160 --> 00:01:03,920 Speaker 1: that there is. Doctor Chris Palmer, who's a psychiatrist at 13 00:01:04,520 --> 00:01:08,400 Speaker 1: Harvard University, has written a brilliant book called Being Brain Energy, 14 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:11,760 Speaker 1: and basically he shows quotes all of the studies that 15 00:01:11,840 --> 00:01:18,240 Speaker 1: show that damaged mitochondria or suboptimal mitochondria are present in 16 00:01:18,480 --> 00:01:21,759 Speaker 1: every mental health condition that there is. Now, let's get 17 00:01:21,760 --> 00:01:24,600 Speaker 1: back to the mitochondria. They are often known as the 18 00:01:24,800 --> 00:01:30,120 Speaker 1: powerhouses of the cell because they create the energy within 19 00:01:30,160 --> 00:01:34,400 Speaker 1: the cell, but their rules extend far beyond energy production 20 00:01:35,200 --> 00:01:41,040 Speaker 1: and understanding how that influences aging and really provides insights 21 00:01:41,080 --> 00:01:45,360 Speaker 1: into how we can maintain our vitality, increase our health span, 22 00:01:45,520 --> 00:01:49,320 Speaker 1: and prevent chronic diseases. So what are they? They are 23 00:01:49,840 --> 00:01:54,160 Speaker 1: specialized organelles. Organell is just a fancy name for a 24 00:01:54,200 --> 00:01:57,400 Speaker 1: substructure of the cell that has one or more and 25 00:01:57,960 --> 00:02:01,320 Speaker 1: are one and more clear functions. And so these are 26 00:02:01,360 --> 00:02:07,160 Speaker 1: specialized organelles within our cells, and they're responsible for producing ATP. 27 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:12,760 Speaker 1: ATP is the primary energy currency of our cells and 28 00:02:12,840 --> 00:02:17,680 Speaker 1: therefore of us, and they achieve this ATP through something 29 00:02:17,720 --> 00:02:20,080 Speaker 1: called oxidative phosphorolization. 30 00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:22,959 Speaker 2: So there's going to be a few big words. That's 31 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:24,480 Speaker 2: just a little bit of a warning. 32 00:02:24,160 --> 00:02:30,600 Speaker 1: But that's basically how we convert nutrients from food into energy, 33 00:02:31,160 --> 00:02:34,079 Speaker 1: and it's through something called or part of it's through 34 00:02:34,120 --> 00:02:37,880 Speaker 1: something called the CREB cycle. So cells with high energy 35 00:02:37,919 --> 00:02:41,560 Speaker 1: demands think about neurons in the brain and muscle cells, 36 00:02:42,080 --> 00:02:45,680 Speaker 1: they have numerous mitochondria to meet their energy needs. So 37 00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:49,160 Speaker 1: the more energy hungry a cell is, the more mitochondria 38 00:02:49,200 --> 00:02:52,360 Speaker 1: they tend to have. But they don't just the energy production. 39 00:02:53,240 --> 00:02:58,120 Speaker 1: They're also involved in critical processes like calcium signaling, which 40 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:02,680 Speaker 1: is really important for keeping us alive, apoptosis, which is 41 00:03:02,680 --> 00:03:06,240 Speaker 1: that programmed sale death that we talked about in previous episodes, 42 00:03:06,639 --> 00:03:10,799 Speaker 1: and also the generation of reactive oxygen species. And their 43 00:03:10,919 --> 00:03:16,480 Speaker 1: unique feature is that they actually possess their own DNA 44 00:03:16,960 --> 00:03:22,480 Speaker 1: called mitochondrial DNA, and it's inherited maternally, so it comes 45 00:03:22,520 --> 00:03:28,040 Speaker 1: from the mum and that encodes essential components. 46 00:03:27,080 --> 00:03:27,880 Speaker 2: For their function. 47 00:03:28,480 --> 00:03:33,080 Speaker 1: And this really sets your mitochondria out from everything else, 48 00:03:33,160 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: the fact that they have their own DNA which you 49 00:03:37,160 --> 00:03:41,320 Speaker 1: actually get from the mother. And let's talk about mitochondrial 50 00:03:41,400 --> 00:03:45,880 Speaker 1: dysfunction and why it's important in aging. So as we 51 00:03:45,920 --> 00:03:50,960 Speaker 1: age this, the efficiency of our mitochondria actually declines, and 52 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:54,880 Speaker 1: that leads to reduce the AT production atp sorry production 53 00:03:55,480 --> 00:03:59,960 Speaker 1: and increased reactive oxygen species generation. If you remember reaction 54 00:04:00,120 --> 00:04:04,560 Speaker 1: of oxygen species, they can create inflammation and all sorts 55 00:04:04,560 --> 00:04:08,640 Speaker 1: of nasty things. They basically cause oxidative damage to cellular 56 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:14,040 Speaker 1: components including lipids, proteins in DNA within the cell and 57 00:04:14,080 --> 00:04:17,880 Speaker 1: that contributes to cellular senescence and tissue dysfunction. So if 58 00:04:17,880 --> 00:04:21,560 Speaker 1: you remember back cellular sinescence, that's like the zombie cells. 59 00:04:21,560 --> 00:04:26,159 Speaker 1: So basically, when your mitochondria loser efficiency, we get more 60 00:04:26,240 --> 00:04:29,680 Speaker 1: damage inside the cell and the cell turns into zombie cells, 61 00:04:30,160 --> 00:04:33,760 Speaker 1: and this decline in mitochondrial function is associated with a 62 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:38,440 Speaker 1: whole host of age related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, 63 00:04:39,440 --> 00:04:44,239 Speaker 1: and metabolic syndrome basically increases your risk for a huge 64 00:04:44,240 --> 00:04:48,600 Speaker 1: amount of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, the biggest killer, and 65 00:04:48,640 --> 00:04:52,920 Speaker 1: we know that in powered mitochondrial function, it disrupts energy metabolism, 66 00:04:53,080 --> 00:04:57,159 Speaker 1: contributes to insulin resistance and obesity, which are hallmarks of 67 00:04:57,279 --> 00:05:03,080 Speaker 1: metabolic syndrome, but also kind of mitochondrial function and contributes 68 00:05:03,120 --> 00:05:09,039 Speaker 1: to neurodegenerative diseases because are neurons, because they're so energy hungry, 69 00:05:09,560 --> 00:05:15,520 Speaker 1: they are particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction. And we know 70 00:05:15,720 --> 00:05:21,200 Speaker 1: now that defective mitochondria can lead to synaptic failure and 71 00:05:21,240 --> 00:05:24,800 Speaker 1: the death of neurons, as we see in Alzheimer's disease 72 00:05:24,880 --> 00:05:28,080 Speaker 1: and Parkinson's disease. And the other big thing that it 73 00:05:28,120 --> 00:05:33,160 Speaker 1: contributes to is cardiovascular diseases. So mitochondal dysfunction in cardiac 74 00:05:33,279 --> 00:05:39,200 Speaker 1: cells impers your heart function and contributes to hypertension, atherosclerosis, 75 00:05:39,760 --> 00:05:43,320 Speaker 1: and overall cardiovascular disease. And if you take those collectively, 76 00:05:43,720 --> 00:05:47,800 Speaker 1: cardiovascular disease neurodegenerate disease and metabolic syndrome, and in the 77 00:05:47,839 --> 00:05:51,839 Speaker 1: knock on effects of metabolic syndrome, that actually. 78 00:05:51,880 --> 00:05:54,640 Speaker 2: Accounts for a huge portion of death. 79 00:05:55,000 --> 00:05:59,119 Speaker 1: And that's why I think mitochondrial dysfunction is the most 80 00:05:59,120 --> 00:06:03,880 Speaker 1: important hallmark of aging. And we have this theory called 81 00:06:03,920 --> 00:06:08,280 Speaker 1: the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging, and that suggests 82 00:06:08,279 --> 00:06:12,200 Speaker 1: that a cumulative oxidative damage from these reactive oxygen species 83 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:16,039 Speaker 1: over time leads to the functional decline of our mitochondria 84 00:06:16,480 --> 00:06:20,599 Speaker 1: and that drives the aging process. So let's talk about 85 00:06:20,640 --> 00:06:23,880 Speaker 1: the stuff that we can actually do. And first up, 86 00:06:24,040 --> 00:06:28,520 Speaker 1: of course, is regular physical activity. There is probably nothing 87 00:06:28,560 --> 00:06:32,800 Speaker 1: that you can do better for your mitochondria than regular 88 00:06:32,839 --> 00:06:33,800 Speaker 1: physical activity. 89 00:06:34,160 --> 00:06:35,719 Speaker 2: Engaging in in. 90 00:06:35,720 --> 00:06:42,200 Speaker 1: Regular exercise is a cornerstone for bolstering mitochondrial health. Physical 91 00:06:42,200 --> 00:06:47,360 Speaker 1: activity has been shown over and over again to improve 92 00:06:47,480 --> 00:06:53,440 Speaker 1: mitochondrial function and induce mitochondrial biogenesis, which is the creation 93 00:06:53,600 --> 00:06:55,080 Speaker 1: of new mitochondria. 94 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:57,240 Speaker 2: And so it has two things. 95 00:06:57,279 --> 00:07:02,120 Speaker 1: It enhances the efficiency of your existence mitochondria and it 96 00:07:02,160 --> 00:07:07,440 Speaker 1: creates new mitochondria. And this adaptation is crucial for meeting 97 00:07:07,480 --> 00:07:10,360 Speaker 1: increased energy demands and improving our metabolic health. 98 00:07:10,840 --> 00:07:12,440 Speaker 2: And we know that. 99 00:07:12,360 --> 00:07:17,400 Speaker 1: Both aerobic training, particularly zone two, which is that's that 100 00:07:17,680 --> 00:07:20,880 Speaker 1: heart rate of sixty to seventy percent of your max. 101 00:07:20,920 --> 00:07:26,160 Speaker 1: But from a non technical perspective, you're exercising, you can talk, 102 00:07:26,720 --> 00:07:30,240 Speaker 1: but you can't sing, So you can talk in sentences, 103 00:07:30,280 --> 00:07:33,440 Speaker 1: but you're kind of breathing heavily and you can't sing. 104 00:07:33,440 --> 00:07:36,120 Speaker 1: If you can sing, you're in zone one. If you 105 00:07:36,240 --> 00:07:39,040 Speaker 1: can't talk in sentences, you're in zone three. 106 00:07:38,880 --> 00:07:40,240 Speaker 2: A higher heart rate zone. 107 00:07:40,320 --> 00:07:43,200 Speaker 1: And we know that this zone two, you it's basically 108 00:07:43,280 --> 00:07:48,600 Speaker 1: where aerobic metabolism is dominant, and that has been shown 109 00:07:48,640 --> 00:07:52,880 Speaker 1: to improve our mitochondrial health, can contribute a little bit 110 00:07:52,920 --> 00:07:58,720 Speaker 1: to mitochondria biogenesis. And interestingly, I read a study recently 111 00:07:58,760 --> 00:08:01,600 Speaker 1: where they took a bunch of people who weren't fit, 112 00:08:02,040 --> 00:08:05,840 Speaker 1: and they put half of them straight into resistance training, 113 00:08:06,200 --> 00:08:08,880 Speaker 1: and half of them they did eight weeks of aerobic 114 00:08:08,920 --> 00:08:13,080 Speaker 1: training in zone two before they went into resistance training. 115 00:08:13,280 --> 00:08:15,360 Speaker 2: And then they looked at their. 116 00:08:15,080 --> 00:08:19,200 Speaker 1: Strength training gains and muscle sized gains, and it turns 117 00:08:19,200 --> 00:08:21,840 Speaker 1: out that the people who'd done the aerobic training first 118 00:08:22,520 --> 00:08:26,560 Speaker 1: actually increased their strength and muscle maths quicker than the 119 00:08:26,560 --> 00:08:29,320 Speaker 1: people who went straight into the resistance training. And the 120 00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:34,720 Speaker 1: thinking is the aerobic training gave them a better functioning 121 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:40,640 Speaker 1: mitochondria and some more mitochondria, and then that translated to 122 00:08:41,080 --> 00:08:44,320 Speaker 1: quicker benefits from the strength training. So let's talk about 123 00:08:44,440 --> 00:08:48,000 Speaker 1: high physical activity. Actually, oh sorry before we do that. 124 00:08:48,400 --> 00:08:52,000 Speaker 1: And high intensity interval training has shown to be very 125 00:08:52,160 --> 00:08:56,480 Speaker 1: very potent in stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis of the creation of 126 00:08:56,640 --> 00:09:03,160 Speaker 1: new mitochondria. So let's talk about the mechanism. One is AMPK, 127 00:09:04,360 --> 00:09:14,079 Speaker 1: and so basically AMPK stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and enhances oxidative metabolism. 128 00:09:14,640 --> 00:09:17,200 Speaker 1: And the other thing, again we're getting a bit giky. 129 00:09:17,240 --> 00:09:20,920 Speaker 1: Here is PGC one alpha upregulation and PGC one alpha 130 00:09:22,120 --> 00:09:24,520 Speaker 1: If you really want to know what it is, it's 131 00:09:24,679 --> 00:09:32,000 Speaker 1: perioxysome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator one alpha, and this 132 00:09:32,679 --> 00:09:37,560 Speaker 1: is a master regulator of mitochondrial genesis. And this PGC 133 00:09:37,720 --> 00:09:42,720 Speaker 1: one alpha pathway is hugely important in our health and 134 00:09:42,800 --> 00:09:46,120 Speaker 1: studies have shown as I said, that both aerobic training 135 00:09:46,559 --> 00:09:51,280 Speaker 1: and high intensity interval training and resistance training improves our 136 00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:55,880 Speaker 1: mitochondrial content and function in our muscle, leading to improved 137 00:09:55,920 --> 00:09:58,480 Speaker 1: intinal insensitivity and reduce. 138 00:09:58,240 --> 00:10:00,120 Speaker 2: Risk of metabolic disorder. 139 00:10:00,720 --> 00:10:06,120 Speaker 1: And we also know that fasting and exercise both stimulate 140 00:10:06,240 --> 00:10:12,120 Speaker 1: mitochondria biogenesis and stress resistance in muscle cells and through 141 00:10:12,280 --> 00:10:14,760 Speaker 1: calcium signaling an AMPK activation. 142 00:10:14,960 --> 00:10:16,800 Speaker 2: Right, that's geeky enough for the minute. 143 00:10:17,480 --> 00:10:22,760 Speaker 1: Let's talk about calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, So reducing 144 00:10:22,800 --> 00:10:28,120 Speaker 1: your caloric intake without going into malnutrition or doing implement 145 00:10:28,480 --> 00:10:31,640 Speaker 1: intermittent fasting or time restricted feeding as some people call it. 146 00:10:32,160 --> 00:10:33,439 Speaker 2: They have been associated with. 147 00:10:33,559 --> 00:10:38,600 Speaker 1: Enhanced mitochondrial function and increase lifespan in various species, not 148 00:10:38,640 --> 00:10:42,640 Speaker 1: in humans, I hasten to add. But the mechanisms by 149 00:10:42,679 --> 00:10:47,240 Speaker 1: which this happens is that when we fast, we switch 150 00:10:47,880 --> 00:10:51,120 Speaker 1: from burning glucose to burning fat. This what we call 151 00:10:51,280 --> 00:10:55,520 Speaker 1: metabolic flexibility. And when you switch over to burning fat, 152 00:10:55,960 --> 00:10:59,520 Speaker 1: it actually stimulates the production of ketone bodies like beta 153 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:03,920 Speaker 1: hydrox computury it and that actually serves as an energy 154 00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:10,360 Speaker 1: substrate and signaling molecule for the mitochondria. And what fasting 155 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:13,440 Speaker 1: also does is it induces autopogy. I talked about that 156 00:11:13,840 --> 00:11:18,280 Speaker 1: in earlier ones. That's the cellular clean up process by 157 00:11:18,400 --> 00:11:23,559 Speaker 1: which the things inside the sale actually take damage mitochondria. 158 00:11:23,640 --> 00:11:27,400 Speaker 1: This is called mitophagy. And they take that damage mitochondria 159 00:11:27,440 --> 00:11:31,360 Speaker 1: and actually recycle them and create new mitochondria. So this 160 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:36,760 Speaker 1: is that's the cellular recycling plant that's actually going on. 161 00:11:37,200 --> 00:11:41,040 Speaker 1: And this this is called cyclic metabolic switching theory. It 162 00:11:41,160 --> 00:11:45,880 Speaker 1: suggests that health benefits of intermittent fasting may actually be 163 00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:49,080 Speaker 1: better than those of continuous calorie restriction. And I actually 164 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:53,400 Speaker 1: think that's a slam dunk because of that interplay between 165 00:11:53,480 --> 00:11:58,200 Speaker 1: ketone metabolism, mitochondrial adaptations, and autophogy. 166 00:11:58,280 --> 00:11:59,480 Speaker 2: And I know I'm getting very. 167 00:11:59,320 --> 00:12:03,599 Speaker 1: Geeky here, but I think it's important to understand these processes. 168 00:12:04,520 --> 00:12:07,240 Speaker 1: Now I link to this, you'll not be surprised to 169 00:12:07,240 --> 00:12:11,319 Speaker 1: hear that if intermittent fasting does this and through ketones, 170 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:15,280 Speaker 1: going on a ktogenic diet where it's it's high fat, 171 00:12:15,400 --> 00:12:20,360 Speaker 1: low carbohydrate and moderate protein that stimulates beta hydroxy buttyate 172 00:12:20,400 --> 00:12:24,560 Speaker 1: and other ketones which then positively influenced mitochondrial function. And 173 00:12:24,600 --> 00:12:29,320 Speaker 1: we see this a katogenic diet really beneficial for Alzheimer's 174 00:12:29,320 --> 00:12:32,840 Speaker 1: disease in Parkinson's disease, probably because of the impact that 175 00:12:32,880 --> 00:12:36,200 Speaker 1: they have in the mitochondria in brain cells, and the 176 00:12:36,280 --> 00:12:42,000 Speaker 1: mechanisms are very similar. Add to intermittent fasting enhance mitochondrial 177 00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:47,640 Speaker 1: efficiency because the ktone bodies are really an excellent energy source. 178 00:12:48,600 --> 00:12:52,560 Speaker 1: An increase our at B production reduced oxidative stress. But 179 00:12:53,080 --> 00:12:56,680 Speaker 1: beta hydroxy butty in itself has actually been shown to 180 00:12:57,000 --> 00:13:02,719 Speaker 1: stimulate antioxidant defenses, which is really really important. And a 181 00:13:02,800 --> 00:13:07,160 Speaker 1: study combining a ketogenic diet with exercise actually showed that 182 00:13:07,160 --> 00:13:13,560 Speaker 1: there were alterations in mitochondrial function, including increased respiratory what's 183 00:13:13,600 --> 00:13:18,440 Speaker 1: called respiratory control ratio and ATP production in skeletal muscle, 184 00:13:18,600 --> 00:13:20,560 Speaker 1: as well as improvements. 185 00:13:20,000 --> 00:13:21,480 Speaker 2: In metabolic health markers. 186 00:13:22,200 --> 00:13:26,000 Speaker 1: So together with exercise and a ketogenic diet or intermittent 187 00:13:26,040 --> 00:13:30,280 Speaker 1: fasting can be very powerful double wami for your mitochondria. 188 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:38,559 Speaker 1: Let's talk about pharmacological or supplement interventions. So NAD precursors 189 00:13:39,240 --> 00:13:43,559 Speaker 1: theoretically are good for the mitrochondry because we know NAD 190 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:48,000 Speaker 1: plus is really important. So compounds that you'll see like 191 00:13:48,760 --> 00:13:53,240 Speaker 1: NMN plastered all over the internet and NR they are 192 00:13:53,280 --> 00:13:55,960 Speaker 1: thought to boost NAD levels. The fact they've been shown 193 00:13:56,000 --> 00:13:59,960 Speaker 1: to actually do that, and that's essential for our mag 194 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:02,000 Speaker 1: to chondrial function. But if you don't want to spend 195 00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:02,959 Speaker 1: a shitload of. 196 00:14:02,920 --> 00:14:04,840 Speaker 2: Money on NMN and NR. 197 00:14:05,360 --> 00:14:09,719 Speaker 1: You can actually just take some B vitamins because NMN 198 00:14:09,840 --> 00:14:15,600 Speaker 1: and NAR are actually converted in the gut to vitamin 199 00:14:15,640 --> 00:14:19,760 Speaker 1: B three, which is nicotinic acid. And so you can 200 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:22,520 Speaker 1: either go out and spend a shitload of money on 201 00:14:22,720 --> 00:14:26,120 Speaker 1: NMN and NR, or you can just take vitamin B three. 202 00:14:26,360 --> 00:14:27,240 Speaker 2: I know what I would do. 203 00:14:28,080 --> 00:14:32,560 Speaker 1: Another supplement that's pretty promising, And actually I have started 204 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:37,560 Speaker 1: playing with this methylne blue because it has been shown 205 00:14:37,920 --> 00:14:41,800 Speaker 1: to actually stimulate the mitochondria through its actions on the 206 00:14:41,800 --> 00:14:47,080 Speaker 1: crab cycle. It actually by cut passes for those who 207 00:14:47,120 --> 00:14:51,520 Speaker 1: are geeky, complexes one in three in the electron transport 208 00:14:51,600 --> 00:14:55,640 Speaker 1: chain and actually stimulates the crab cycle, leading to increased 209 00:14:55,680 --> 00:15:02,040 Speaker 1: ATP production and improves cellular energy metabolism through the mitochondria. Okay, 210 00:15:02,880 --> 00:15:06,360 Speaker 1: now if that's not kiky enough, let's now talk about 211 00:15:07,240 --> 00:15:12,240 Speaker 1: low level light therapy or infrared and near infrared light therapy, 212 00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:19,200 Speaker 1: so near infrared light and that's also known as a photobiomodulation. 213 00:15:20,120 --> 00:15:24,800 Speaker 1: That is basically applying low level red light to near 214 00:15:24,880 --> 00:15:30,040 Speaker 1: infrared light and to stimulate cellular function. And what it 215 00:15:30,160 --> 00:15:35,600 Speaker 1: does is it works on something called cytochrome C oxides 216 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:41,120 Speaker 1: and that is a key enzyme in the mitochondrial electron 217 00:15:41,160 --> 00:15:45,480 Speaker 1: transport chain. And there is a heap of research now 218 00:15:45,560 --> 00:15:50,400 Speaker 1: I that shows that near infrared light actually boosts the 219 00:15:50,440 --> 00:15:53,800 Speaker 1: function of your mitochondria, and that is something I was 220 00:15:53,800 --> 00:15:57,240 Speaker 1: so convinced by the research. And I have a panel 221 00:15:57,720 --> 00:16:00,800 Speaker 1: that does both red light and near in for red light, 222 00:16:01,800 --> 00:16:06,200 Speaker 1: because the research for me is very very compelling about 223 00:16:06,520 --> 00:16:10,640 Speaker 1: improvements in mitochondrial function. And we are now even seeing 224 00:16:11,440 --> 00:16:16,680 Speaker 1: near infrared light helmets of certain way of lengths significantly 225 00:16:16,720 --> 00:16:22,080 Speaker 1: improving symptoms in both Parkin's disease and Alzheimer's disease. And 226 00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:28,720 Speaker 1: basically what happens is that at light passes goes through 227 00:16:29,640 --> 00:16:33,480 Speaker 1: your skeleton and actually stimulates goes it deep inside of 228 00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:38,600 Speaker 1: your body and stimulates your mitochondria and certain parts of 229 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:43,040 Speaker 1: the electron transport chain, and that leads to increased energy 230 00:16:43,120 --> 00:16:47,160 Speaker 1: production and improves cellular energy metabolism. And the other thing 231 00:16:47,560 --> 00:16:51,840 Speaker 1: that near infrared light does is it releases nitric oxide, 232 00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:56,520 Speaker 1: and that actually helps to improve blood flow and reduces 233 00:16:56,520 --> 00:16:57,560 Speaker 1: oxidative stress. 234 00:16:57,960 --> 00:16:58,680 Speaker 2: And studies have. 235 00:16:58,640 --> 00:17:05,360 Speaker 1: Shown that infrared light penetrates human tissues and benefits mitochondrial 236 00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:09,720 Speaker 1: function as I say it, and it can improve things 237 00:17:09,920 --> 00:17:17,639 Speaker 1: like mitochondrial dynamics and quality control following ischemia, stroke, cardiac 238 00:17:17,680 --> 00:17:22,560 Speaker 1: arras so I actually was using it post my heart 239 00:17:22,560 --> 00:17:28,520 Speaker 1: surgery and also for overall brain function, cognitive function. It's 240 00:17:28,520 --> 00:17:31,439 Speaker 1: actually been shown to help people recover from straight stroke 241 00:17:32,040 --> 00:17:39,400 Speaker 1: and neuro degenerative diseases. So hink conclusion, lots of big mouthfuls, 242 00:17:39,440 --> 00:17:45,080 Speaker 1: but basically what we know is our mitochondria are absolutely 243 00:17:45,359 --> 00:17:49,520 Speaker 1: key to cellular health and longevity, and doing things like 244 00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:56,720 Speaker 1: regular exercising, intermittent fasting, low carbon particularly keathogenic diets, some 245 00:17:56,840 --> 00:18:02,400 Speaker 1: potential pharmacology, and near infrared light therapy can all really benefit. 246 00:18:03,000 --> 00:18:06,560 Speaker 1: And while studies haven't been established it because they're really 247 00:18:06,600 --> 00:18:09,320 Speaker 1: hard to do, I actually think that these things are 248 00:18:09,359 --> 00:18:14,840 Speaker 1: additive because they work on slightly different pathways in our mitochondria. 249 00:18:15,560 --> 00:18:16,320 Speaker 2: So I think if. 250 00:18:16,200 --> 00:18:20,320 Speaker 1: You're doing all of them, you're going to get better 251 00:18:20,440 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 1: benefits than if you're just doing one or two. So 252 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:25,800 Speaker 1: that's it for this week, folks, Catch you next time.