WEBVTT - Kylie Moore-Gilbert on what Iran’s Revolutionary Guard thinks of Australia 0:00:01.160 --> 0:00:10.320 I'm Ruby Jones and you're listening to seven AM. Australia 0:00:10.360 --> 0:00:14.319 acted against Iran after ASIO found Tehran orchestrated two anti 0:00:14.320 --> 0:00:18.960 Semitic arson attacks on Australian soil, expelling Iran's ambassador and 0:00:19.040 --> 0:00:21.840 moving to lists the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as a 0:00:21.960 --> 0:00:26.160 terrorist organization. For Carlie Moore Gilbert, it's a long time coming. 0:00:26.600 --> 0:00:29.080 She spent eight hundred and four days in prison under 0:00:29.120 --> 0:00:33.520 IRGC control after being arrested in Tehran on charges of espionage. 0:00:34.360 --> 0:00:37.840 Today she explains who the IIGC are, why they would 0:00:37.840 --> 0:00:46.720 attack Australia, and what this listing would actually change. It's Thursday, 0:00:47.040 --> 0:00:55.520 September four So, Kylie, you spent more than two years 0:00:55.560 --> 0:00:58.040 in prison in Iran. Could you tell me a bit 0:00:58.040 --> 0:01:01.000 about your dealings with the iig during that time. 0:01:01.360 --> 0:01:07.280 So, I unfortunately know the intelligence organization of the IIGC 0:01:07.560 --> 0:01:11.040 very well because I lived with them, lived alongside them 0:01:11.160 --> 0:01:14.840 for more than two years of my life. I was 0:01:14.920 --> 0:01:19.959 arrested by IGC at the Tehran airport in September twenty eighteen. 0:01:20.120 --> 0:01:22.759 The Department of Foreign Affairs has confirmed it is providing 0:01:22.800 --> 0:01:25.680 consular assistance to the families of three Australians who have 0:01:25.760 --> 0:01:29.600 been detained in Iran. A British Australian academic is believed 0:01:29.600 --> 0:01:31.760 to have been detained for several months now. 0:01:31.800 --> 0:01:34.480 And they imprisoned me in a facility that was run 0:01:34.560 --> 0:01:38.280 exclusively by them, with prison guards that were members of 0:01:38.319 --> 0:01:39.160 their organization. 0:01:39.520 --> 0:01:42.600 Doctor more Gilbert has spent almost a year in solitary 0:01:42.640 --> 0:01:46.800 confinement in Tehran's notorious Even Prison. It's understood she was 0:01:46.880 --> 0:01:50.279 arrested after traveling to Iran to attend a course about 0:01:50.280 --> 0:01:51.680 two hours from Tehran. 0:01:52.280 --> 0:01:54.400 Nearly the entire two years and three months that I 0:01:54.400 --> 0:01:57.200 spent in prison in Iran was under their direct control. 0:01:57.600 --> 0:02:00.080 So I had many, many conversations with them, with all 0:02:00.160 --> 0:02:03.760 kinds of different factions and individuals within that organization, and 0:02:04.080 --> 0:02:08.160 got a pretty good handle on their frankly quite bonkers 0:02:08.360 --> 0:02:12.160 and crazy at times worldview. And you know they are 0:02:12.160 --> 0:02:16.040 at terror organization. There's no doubt about that. They have 0:02:16.120 --> 0:02:19.280 been for decades. I think it's been a really really 0:02:19.320 --> 0:02:23.680 long time coming to recognize this in Australia, but I 0:02:23.720 --> 0:02:26.280 think it's really warranted and I hope it will enable 0:02:26.280 --> 0:02:28.080 the government to crack down a little bit on some 0:02:28.160 --> 0:02:28.960 of their activities. 0:02:29.000 --> 0:02:32.400 Here, and so during your time in prison, what kinds 0:02:32.400 --> 0:02:35.079 of things did the IGC guards ask you about. 0:02:35.360 --> 0:02:39.280 Well, they interrogated me. So I was thrown in prison, 0:02:39.320 --> 0:02:43.160 thrown into solitary confinement, and much later down the track, 0:02:43.240 --> 0:02:48.200 let's say, six months later, accused of espionage. But after 0:02:48.880 --> 0:02:52.240 I had been given a ten year prison sentence, I 0:02:52.280 --> 0:02:55.120 spent quite a bit of time just waiting for something 0:02:55.120 --> 0:02:57.560 to happen. I guess, you know, like hanging out, for 0:02:57.639 --> 0:03:01.240 want of a better term, in this interrogation facility, talking 0:03:01.240 --> 0:03:04.120 to my captors, talking to my interrogators, but also the 0:03:04.400 --> 0:03:07.640 regular prison guards, the administrators of the prison, the people 0:03:07.639 --> 0:03:10.560 who run the system, judiciary officials, all kinds of people 0:03:10.600 --> 0:03:14.600 within the IOGC apparatus. And you know, we would talk politics, 0:03:14.639 --> 0:03:17.760 we would talk history, They would want my views on 0:03:17.840 --> 0:03:21.920 certain world events and the conspiracy theory mindset that the 0:03:21.960 --> 0:03:25.840 IGC have is just incomprehensible to most of us living 0:03:25.840 --> 0:03:29.960 here in Australia. But my impression overall was that they 0:03:30.000 --> 0:03:35.520 weren't particularly negative toward Australia. They obviously don't have positive 0:03:35.560 --> 0:03:38.680 relations with the United States and Israel and to a 0:03:38.680 --> 0:03:43.200 certain extent, the UK. They also really hated Saudi Arabia 0:03:43.240 --> 0:03:44.960 at the time I was there, and so they would 0:03:44.960 --> 0:03:47.800 often rant and rave about them as well. But they 0:03:47.880 --> 0:03:49.880 saw us as a bit of a lackey of the US. 0:03:50.480 --> 0:03:54.840 But they didn't have particularly negative ideas about Australia. 0:03:55.360 --> 0:03:57.200 And just to take a little step back, could you 0:03:57.240 --> 0:04:00.520 tell me a bit more just about the io DC 0:04:00.840 --> 0:04:02.960 and the power that they have in Iran, the way 0:04:02.960 --> 0:04:03.480 they operate. 0:04:03.760 --> 0:04:06.240 So the IGC are essentially a state within a state 0:04:06.400 --> 0:04:09.680 within Iran right now. They started off as an armed 0:04:09.920 --> 0:04:13.840 militant group, particularly following the seventy nine revolution. 0:04:14.360 --> 0:04:17.720 The end of Iran's monarchy came early today when Harmonia's 0:04:17.760 --> 0:04:20.560 followers took control of the Palace of the Shah. 0:04:20.600 --> 0:04:25.200 They basically are charged with ensuring the success of the revolution, 0:04:25.440 --> 0:04:29.159 protecting the Supreme Leader, protecting all the revolutionary institutions that 0:04:29.200 --> 0:04:31.599 were set up in the wake of the fall of 0:04:31.640 --> 0:04:33.680 the Shah that the previous ruler of Iran. 0:04:33.960 --> 0:04:37.840 Relations between Iran and Iraq worsened when the Iotolas took over. 0:04:38.240 --> 0:04:41.080 The Iraqis claimed that the Iranians were refusing to implement 0:04:41.120 --> 0:04:43.919 border agreements, and the first skirmishes broke out. 0:04:44.120 --> 0:04:46.320 Then you know you had eight years of war with 0:04:46.360 --> 0:04:49.960 Saddam Hussein's Iraq shortly afterwards, and they were a prominent 0:04:49.960 --> 0:04:51.479 military force in that war. 0:04:51.520 --> 0:04:55.680 Deep in Iranian territory. Iraqi Arma chalks out fresh successes 0:04:55.720 --> 0:04:59.120 on the battlefield. For once, an Arab army is inflicting 0:04:59.240 --> 0:05:02.960 territorial laws on the enemy. The enmity here between Arab 0:05:03.000 --> 0:05:06.120 and Persian as old as that between Arab and Jews. 0:05:06.160 --> 0:05:09.599 So they got all kinds of weapons and real world 0:05:09.600 --> 0:05:12.760 battle experience from that. And so when the war came 0:05:12.800 --> 0:05:16.080 to an end in nineteen eighty nine, they were kind 0:05:16.080 --> 0:05:18.800 of an unstoppable force. You couldn't put the genie back 0:05:18.800 --> 0:05:21.000 in the bottle. At that point you had this rival 0:05:21.120 --> 0:05:25.000 armed organization to the Uranian military that answered only to 0:05:25.040 --> 0:05:28.640 the Supreme Leader and still does. I mean, the Uranian 0:05:28.720 --> 0:05:32.200 government has no control over the IGC. They do what 0:05:32.240 --> 0:05:34.440 they want, They have their own policies, they have their 0:05:34.440 --> 0:05:38.560 own interests. They run parallel systems to the government. So 0:05:38.640 --> 0:05:41.880 they have their own court system, their own prison system. 0:05:41.920 --> 0:05:46.239 There are an intelligence organization, for example, and get away 0:05:46.240 --> 0:05:47.920 with terrorism and all kinds. 0:05:47.640 --> 0:05:51.240 Of other nefarious behaviors as a result. And so after 0:05:51.279 --> 0:05:54.200 you were released and you returned to Australia. Did you 0:05:54.360 --> 0:05:59.040 have conversations with the Australian government about the IIGC. 0:05:59.440 --> 0:06:00.000 Absolutely. 0:06:00.760 --> 0:06:03.640 I was obviously wrongfully detained by them, and so when 0:06:03.680 --> 0:06:05.520 I came back from my time in Iran, I was 0:06:05.600 --> 0:06:10.000 vocal about calling out this behavior, and particularly following the 0:06:10.040 --> 0:06:14.320 twenty twenty two Masamini Woman Life Freedom Uprising in Iran, 0:06:14.839 --> 0:06:18.520 which saw you know, hundreds of thousands of Iranians take 0:06:18.560 --> 0:06:22.200 to the streets to call for freedoms and women's rights, 0:06:22.279 --> 0:06:25.719 gender equality and ultimately the removal of the regime altogether. 0:06:26.360 --> 0:06:31.480 And the IOGC was very instrumental in putting down violently 0:06:31.560 --> 0:06:33.040 these protests. 0:06:33.800 --> 0:06:36.680 Iran's government has cracked down in the streets with force 0:06:37.120 --> 0:06:40.520 because the numbers have wounded, arrested, and even dad mount. 0:06:40.920 --> 0:06:43.560 You know, they killed more than five hundred people, shooting 0:06:43.560 --> 0:06:47.520 them in the streets, including children, imprisoned more than twenty thousand, 0:06:47.960 --> 0:06:53.960 committing horrific atrocities basically, and the Australian government was watching 0:06:54.000 --> 0:06:56.880 this and was being lobbied quite actively by the Iranian 0:06:56.920 --> 0:07:01.680 Australian community, particularly over theo GC and its reach into 0:07:01.720 --> 0:07:04.640 Australia and its ability to surveil and threaten and harass 0:07:04.680 --> 0:07:08.680 Iranian Australian community members, for example. And there was a 0:07:08.720 --> 0:07:14.080 Senate inquiry into Irounds human rights abuses in twenty two 0:07:14.160 --> 0:07:17.400 twenty twenty three, and I contributed to that inquiry, and 0:07:17.840 --> 0:07:21.960 ultimately the inquiry's adopted recommendation was to prescribe the IOGC 0:07:22.040 --> 0:07:25.840 as a terror organization and to limit the ability of 0:07:25.960 --> 0:07:28.720 people within Australia to support it and to work on 0:07:28.800 --> 0:07:29.360 its behalf. 0:07:29.920 --> 0:07:31.840 Can you tell me a bit more about that, about 0:07:31.880 --> 0:07:35.680 the impact of the IGC on Iranians in Australia or 0:07:35.720 --> 0:07:36.600 Rani in Australians. 0:07:36.800 --> 0:07:39.080 So you know, they've been present on the ground here 0:07:39.120 --> 0:07:43.000 for a while. They openly admitted as such to me 0:07:43.080 --> 0:07:45.760 when I was in prison in Iran. They said, you know, 0:07:45.880 --> 0:07:47.840 they would threaten me and say that they could target 0:07:47.920 --> 0:07:50.360 me back here on Australian soil if I came home 0:07:50.400 --> 0:07:53.040 and didn't do what they said or what they wanted. 0:07:53.480 --> 0:07:56.920 They have operatives and sympathizers and informers here in Australia. 0:07:57.640 --> 0:08:00.560 It's a deliberate strategy for them to place such people here. 0:08:00.640 --> 0:08:05.520 It's not coincidental, and they monitor the Iranian community here. 0:08:05.560 --> 0:08:09.280 They want to know what dissidents and protesters and community 0:08:09.360 --> 0:08:13.480 organizations that are against the regime a doing. They keep 0:08:13.520 --> 0:08:16.280 files and information on these people. They try and blackmail them, 0:08:16.320 --> 0:08:19.840 particularly using family members back in Iran to get them 0:08:20.200 --> 0:08:23.840 to stay silent, not to cease their activities, and they've 0:08:23.880 --> 0:08:27.080 become more aggressive in their tactics, so really harassing people, 0:08:27.120 --> 0:08:31.080 not just monitoring, but threatening to kidnap people from Australia 0:08:31.360 --> 0:08:34.960 and take them back to Iran, threatening to jail and 0:08:35.000 --> 0:08:38.480 imprisoned family members, following people in the streets, even getting 0:08:38.520 --> 0:08:42.600 into physical altercations with them, photographing them against their will, 0:08:43.200 --> 0:08:47.160 using every kind of tactic they can to put pressure 0:08:47.200 --> 0:08:49.520 on people living here in Australia who do have the 0:08:49.600 --> 0:08:52.400 right to freedom of speech and freedom of assembly, but 0:08:52.559 --> 0:08:54.880 letting them know that they're being watched and followed and 0:08:54.880 --> 0:08:57.840 that there are ramifications back home in Iran or even 0:08:57.840 --> 0:09:00.640 here on Australian soil for their political activity. 0:09:03.240 --> 0:09:06.280 Coming up, What impact will listing the IRGC as a 0:09:06.400 --> 0:09:20.520 terror organization actually have? Kylie the Australian government and AZO. 0:09:20.880 --> 0:09:24.080 They say that the intent behind the antisemitic attacks here 0:09:24.080 --> 0:09:28.400 in Australia was to sow social discord. So tell me 0:09:28.480 --> 0:09:31.080 what you make of that motivation. Why would that be 0:09:31.120 --> 0:09:32.679 the goal of the IRGC. 0:09:33.440 --> 0:09:36.880 I think the IGC, you know, they so discord wherever 0:09:36.960 --> 0:09:38.720 they go. I mean, I don't think it's their primary 0:09:38.720 --> 0:09:43.360 goal necessarily, but they care I think more about intimidating 0:09:43.760 --> 0:09:48.040 certain community groups in Australia rather than necessarily every Australian equally. 0:09:48.720 --> 0:09:52.240 Since October seventh, as part of this shadow war with Israel, 0:09:52.480 --> 0:09:55.440 I think they just added the Jewish community to that 0:09:55.559 --> 0:09:59.480 list of targets. You know, anti Semitism is very deeply 0:09:59.520 --> 0:10:04.240 baked in to the igc's ideology, and it's much much 0:10:04.320 --> 0:10:06.480 easier for them to come to Australia, to a place 0:10:06.559 --> 0:10:09.920 like Melbourne where people are living in relative freedom and safety, 0:10:10.520 --> 0:10:13.240 and pay criminal elements to have these attacks than it 0:10:13.320 --> 0:10:15.199 is for them to go to Tel Aviv or Jerusalem 0:10:15.200 --> 0:10:17.000 and do the same thing over there. And I just 0:10:17.000 --> 0:10:20.440 think it's opportunism and it works, and it's relatively cheap 0:10:20.480 --> 0:10:21.520 for them to do as well. 0:10:21.640 --> 0:10:25.200 So why not, Okay, tell me a bit more about 0:10:25.200 --> 0:10:28.760 what we know about the iigc's activities in other countries. 0:10:29.120 --> 0:10:32.240 Sure, it's a really important point actually that this is 0:10:32.240 --> 0:10:34.439 not confined to Australia. You know, Australia is not the 0:10:34.520 --> 0:10:37.600 number one target of the IOGC, but they've been doing here, 0:10:37.679 --> 0:10:41.960 particularly the sponsorship of anti synitic attacks, but using organized 0:10:42.040 --> 0:10:46.920 crime criminal syndicates to conduct attacks. It's a pattern that 0:10:46.960 --> 0:10:51.040 we've seen years earlier in parts of Europe and North America. 0:10:51.679 --> 0:10:55.679 We have seen, in particular in the UK, targeted campaigns 0:10:55.720 --> 0:11:02.200 by criminal gangs to physically assault journalists, particularly journalists of 0:11:02.240 --> 0:11:06.360 Iran International, which is a dissident or an independent media 0:11:06.440 --> 0:11:09.040 channel that has deep penetration in Iran. It's the number 0:11:09.040 --> 0:11:12.280 one watch satellite channel inside Iran and it's anti regime 0:11:12.880 --> 0:11:16.120 and they had their headquarters in the UK and one 0:11:16.160 --> 0:11:18.880 of their journalists was stabbed multiple times in the street 0:11:18.960 --> 0:11:22.160 by criminal elements that had been paid by the IRGC 0:11:22.360 --> 0:11:23.120 to attack him. 0:11:23.360 --> 0:11:26.320 The Iranian journalist was attacked outside his home in London 0:11:26.360 --> 0:11:29.040 at the end of last month. It's a stark reminder 0:11:29.559 --> 0:11:33.040 of the danger facing many Iranians who choose to criticize 0:11:33.080 --> 0:11:34.480 the regime in Tehran. 0:11:34.880 --> 0:11:38.160 Very prominent, outspoken distance who've been given a refugee vis 0:11:38.240 --> 0:11:41.120 or abroad or they've migrated, and they've become extremely vocal 0:11:41.160 --> 0:11:45.679 since then, have been threatened and attacked by IRGC and 0:11:45.720 --> 0:11:49.040 criminal elements working for them, and there are cases of them, 0:11:49.360 --> 0:11:53.520 particularly in places like Germany, actually killing people that are 0:11:53.520 --> 0:11:56.840 critics of the Iranian regime. So this has a long 0:11:56.960 --> 0:11:59.640 history and it's far more developed in other parts of 0:11:59.640 --> 0:11:59.960 the world. 0:12:00.160 --> 0:12:02.840 In Australia, and what do you think the impact will 0:12:02.840 --> 0:12:07.160 be of listing the IOGC as a terrorist organization, both 0:12:07.160 --> 0:12:11.320 for Iranians in Australia and anyone in Iran with connections 0:12:11.360 --> 0:12:12.280 to Australia. 0:12:12.400 --> 0:12:14.560 I don't think it's going to have a huge impact 0:12:14.640 --> 0:12:18.280 on most Iranians in Australia because most Iranians in Australia 0:12:18.320 --> 0:12:21.040 do not support the IOGC or the regime in Iran, 0:12:21.120 --> 0:12:23.560 and they're happy about this. I mean, I mean, I've 0:12:23.559 --> 0:12:28.920 seen multiple numerous statements by Iranian Australian organizations, politically engaged 0:12:29.000 --> 0:12:31.199 or not. You know, some of them are just cultural organizations, 0:12:31.200 --> 0:12:33.240 but they're in support of this in full. You know, 0:12:33.280 --> 0:12:35.960 they want the IOGC to be listed, they want the 0:12:36.000 --> 0:12:39.200 ambassador to be kicked out. What it might impact in 0:12:39.200 --> 0:12:42.920 a positive way, however, is the ability for the IOGC 0:12:43.120 --> 0:12:47.480 to send people who've been blackmailed or exploited or convinced 0:12:47.520 --> 0:12:51.000 coerced into acting on behalf of the IOGC. Here in Australia, 0:12:51.800 --> 0:12:54.360 it's much harder to do that if this is a 0:12:54.400 --> 0:12:57.840 listed terror organization, and the repercussions for that are greater. 0:12:58.679 --> 0:13:01.520 I think there's only ever been one person charged under 0:13:01.520 --> 0:13:04.520 foreign interference laws in Australia and that case is ongoing 0:13:04.600 --> 0:13:07.920 right now. It's a new area. There hasn't been great 0:13:07.920 --> 0:13:10.720 appetite to go after these people in the past who 0:13:10.800 --> 0:13:14.560 are doing foreign interference and you know, harassment of ethnic communities, etc. 0:13:15.160 --> 0:13:16.120 But if it's a terror. 0:13:16.040 --> 0:13:19.319 Organization, I mean, that's a whole nother ballgame. And if 0:13:19.320 --> 0:13:22.760 you're providing material support to a listed terror organization, that's 0:13:22.800 --> 0:13:24.840 a highly serious charge. 0:13:25.160 --> 0:13:29.520 And critics of the Iranian regime have been calling for 0:13:29.559 --> 0:13:32.680 the IRGC to be listed as a terrorist organization for 0:13:32.720 --> 0:13:35.880 a long time, but for years the government opted to 0:13:35.920 --> 0:13:39.200 try and I guess keep lines of diplomacy open. But 0:13:39.600 --> 0:13:42.199 given that they have now cut ties and kicked out 0:13:42.200 --> 0:13:45.080 the ambassador, what does that say to you about the 0:13:45.160 --> 0:13:49.360 limits of diplomacy when you're dealing with a regime like this. 0:13:49.360 --> 0:13:52.800 This is a regime that doesn't respect diplomacy and probably 0:13:52.800 --> 0:13:57.200 doesn't even understand diplomacy, you know, the premise of open 0:13:57.640 --> 0:14:03.400 discussion and cooperation and respect for mutually agreed laws and 0:14:03.440 --> 0:14:08.359 norms that diplomacy is predicated upon. This is not respected 0:14:08.360 --> 0:14:11.839 by the IOGC and probably by the Iranian regime or 0:14:11.880 --> 0:14:16.640 broadly either. They've shown themselves on multiple occasions to not 0:14:16.679 --> 0:14:20.440 give a damn soever about fundamentals of international law that 0:14:20.480 --> 0:14:24.160 they themselves have signed up to. The particular concern I 0:14:24.240 --> 0:14:27.200 have is that we do have at least one Australian 0:14:27.240 --> 0:14:30.400 citizen in prison in Iran right now who's been there 0:14:30.440 --> 0:14:34.040 for three years plus, and the lack of an embassy, 0:14:34.080 --> 0:14:37.640 the lack of consular assistance there now for this individual, 0:14:37.720 --> 0:14:40.600 and also the lack of that channel of communication around 0:14:40.600 --> 0:14:44.160 negotiating his release, It really concerns me. Is this going 0:14:44.200 --> 0:14:48.520 to set back any efforts that were underway? So we 0:14:48.560 --> 0:14:51.880 do need some communication with the Ranians over such issues. 0:14:52.120 --> 0:14:55.760 I do hope that it won't implode entirely, and we 0:14:55.840 --> 0:14:59.600 are keeping three junior officials in the embassy. In camera 0:15:00.160 --> 0:15:03.880 kicked all Iranian diplomats out of Australia, so hopefully that's 0:15:03.920 --> 0:15:05.800 a sign that it might be more of a low 0:15:05.920 --> 0:15:10.200 level relationship, but that some channel of communication will remain 0:15:10.280 --> 0:15:12.320 open for these important mutual interests. 0:15:15.400 --> 0:15:18.080 Kylie, thank you so much. Fatian, thanks so much for 0:15:18.120 --> 0:15:35.840 having me. Also in the news today, China's president Shi 0:15:35.960 --> 0:15:39.840 Jinping has hosted the country's largest ever military parade, flanked 0:15:39.880 --> 0:15:43.040 by North Koreas Kim Jong Un and Russia's Vladimir Putin. 0:15:43.520 --> 0:15:46.480 In a post on truth social US President Donald Trump 0:15:46.520 --> 0:15:49.240 asked China's leader to give mister Putin and mister Kim 0:15:49.360 --> 0:15:52.960 his rule most regards as they conspire against the United 0:15:53.000 --> 0:15:57.600 States of America. Former Victorian Premier Daniel Andrews was among 0:15:57.640 --> 0:16:01.480 those who attended, and the federal government will immediately fund 0:16:01.600 --> 0:16:05.040 twenty thousand more home care packages to support older Australians 0:16:05.040 --> 0:16:08.120 living at home. Cave in too pressure from across the parliament. 0:16:08.520 --> 0:16:11.440 The Coalition Greens and Independence teamed up to demand the 0:16:11.440 --> 0:16:15.239 government fund more packages after new packages were delayed alongside 0:16:15.280 --> 0:16:19.400 broader reforms. From July to November. The government had promised 0:16:19.440 --> 0:16:22.640 eighty three thousand new packages as part of its broader reforms, 0:16:22.920 --> 0:16:25.760 but following the delay, none were released, adding pressure to 0:16:25.800 --> 0:16:28.080 a wait list that had grown from eighty seven thousand 0:16:28.120 --> 0:16:30.720 in March to one hundred and eight thousand in July. 0:16:31.720 --> 0:16:33.440 I'm Ruby Jones. Thanks for listening.