1
00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:05,280
Speaker 1: The United States Study Center has conducted a poll and

2
00:00:05,640 --> 00:00:10,639
Speaker 1: it shows a majority of Australians are fearful about a

3
00:00:10,760 --> 00:00:16,480
Speaker 1: second Trump administration. It where are the stats here?

4
00:00:16,480 --> 00:00:16,600
Speaker 2: There?

5
00:00:16,600 --> 00:00:18,360
Speaker 1: Here is somewhere, and I'll get them out to here

6
00:00:18,400 --> 00:00:21,799
Speaker 1: we go. According to the poll, twenty five percent of

7
00:00:21,920 --> 00:00:24,680
Speaker 1: Ozzie's said it would be very bad for the country

8
00:00:24,800 --> 00:00:28,720
Speaker 1: Trump being returned, twenty percent said it would be just bad,

9
00:00:29,160 --> 00:00:32,479
Speaker 1: twenty three percent said it would be good. So the

10
00:00:32,560 --> 00:00:36,320
Speaker 1: majority thinking not a good thing. Jared Monshine is director

11
00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:39,360
Speaker 1: of research at the US Studies Center. Jared, good morning,

12
00:00:40,120 --> 00:00:43,920
Speaker 1: Good morning. This comes as a poll show Donald Trump

13
00:00:44,040 --> 00:00:46,880
Speaker 1: has eaten away at the honeymoon for Kamala Harris, the

14
00:00:46,960 --> 00:00:48,800
Speaker 1: latest poles putting them essentially tied.

15
00:00:50,400 --> 00:00:53,680
Speaker 2: That's right, Yeah, she right now looks like she has

16
00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:58,440
Speaker 2: maybe not continued with the momentum that she has had

17
00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:00,000
Speaker 2: for the past you know, a month and a half

18
00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:02,400
Speaker 2: half or so. And so I think that our polling

19
00:01:02,400 --> 00:01:06,520
Speaker 2: results are therefore all the more timely because from our perspective,

20
00:01:06,520 --> 00:01:11,120
Speaker 2: it shows that Australians maybe don't love Donald Trump, but

21
00:01:11,959 --> 00:01:15,240
Speaker 2: actually have a fairly nuanced understanding of VIEUS alliance. Because

22
00:01:15,280 --> 00:01:18,399
Speaker 2: as much as their views of Donald Trump have stayed

23
00:01:18,400 --> 00:01:20,760
Speaker 2: fairly consistent over the past few years. Their views of

24
00:01:20,800 --> 00:01:23,760
Speaker 2: the Alliance have actually shifted a little bit. And the

25
00:01:24,040 --> 00:01:27,000
Speaker 2: percent of Australians who actually want to abandon the Alliance

26
00:01:27,080 --> 00:01:31,280
Speaker 2: altogether decrease in a single year from thirty seven percent

27
00:01:31,760 --> 00:01:34,559
Speaker 2: last year in twenty twenty three to twenty six percent

28
00:01:34,640 --> 00:01:37,160
Speaker 2: this year in twenty twenty four. So that eleven point

29
00:01:37,520 --> 00:01:40,559
Speaker 2: drop in my view, despite views of Trump saying the same,

30
00:01:40,920 --> 00:01:43,240
Speaker 2: tells me the Australians be the Alliance a bit differently

31
00:01:43,280 --> 00:01:44,319
Speaker 2: than the view Donald Trump.

32
00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:47,640
Speaker 1: Okay, I just wonder who we think will come to

33
00:01:47,720 --> 00:01:51,400
Speaker 1: our aid should we be invaded, say for argument sake,

34
00:01:51,480 --> 00:01:52,040
Speaker 1: by China.

35
00:01:53,320 --> 00:01:55,640
Speaker 2: That's a great question. And I think that's one thing

36
00:01:55,680 --> 00:01:58,120
Speaker 2: that we've talked about a lot at the US Study

37
00:01:58,160 --> 00:02:04,080
Speaker 2: Center is, you know, the view of the US and

38
00:02:04,160 --> 00:02:07,880
Speaker 2: the world has not exactly been all together positive of

39
00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:11,040
Speaker 2: the last few years, the last decade, or even you

40
00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:14,720
Speaker 2: could say the past couple decades since the invasion of Iraq.

41
00:02:15,040 --> 00:02:18,080
Speaker 2: But with that said, I don't think somehow US politics

42
00:02:18,120 --> 00:02:20,840
Speaker 2: have changed that much. The perceptions of the US definitely have,

43
00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:23,640
Speaker 2: And to me, what that tells me is that maybe

44
00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:26,000
Speaker 2: the US hasn't changed that much and our politics are

45
00:02:26,040 --> 00:02:29,760
Speaker 2: still messy, but the alternative, which is China, is really

46
00:02:30,320 --> 00:02:34,680
Speaker 2: not that a learning So as much as the many

47
00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:38,800
Speaker 2: US politicians are alienating and maybe not appreciating allies, a

48
00:02:38,800 --> 00:02:41,640
Speaker 2: lot of countries around the world, especially those who have

49
00:02:41,680 --> 00:02:44,680
Speaker 2: alliances beyond the States, they're seeing, well, there's not really

50
00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:48,639
Speaker 2: a really great alternative. And so you know, Joe Biden

51
00:02:48,680 --> 00:02:51,120
Speaker 2: famous does don't compare me to the almighty, compare me

52
00:02:51,200 --> 00:02:53,600
Speaker 2: to the other guy. And if usls around the world

53
00:02:53,600 --> 00:02:57,160
Speaker 2: are comparing themselves comparing the alternative that's China, I think

54
00:02:57,160 --> 00:03:00,520
Speaker 2: they still appreciate the US. And that's why my view

55
00:03:01,320 --> 00:03:06,399
Speaker 2: views of US alliance in Korea, Japan, Australia, Philippines, even

56
00:03:06,520 --> 00:03:11,079
Speaker 2: even Vietnam and other places across Asia continue to be

57
00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:14,880
Speaker 2: pretty pretty positive in this time. And I don't think

58
00:03:14,919 --> 00:03:17,040
Speaker 2: it's Donald Trump as much as it is Shu Champaign.

59
00:03:17,240 --> 00:03:19,359
Speaker 2: That's what we can really point you more than anything else.

60
00:03:19,520 --> 00:03:21,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, you know, it's interesting, I think to a lot

61
00:03:21,680 --> 00:03:24,519
Speaker 1: of Australians, though, Jared, how a country of three hundred

62
00:03:24,560 --> 00:03:27,560
Speaker 1: and what thirty five million people can come up with

63
00:03:27,639 --> 00:03:30,920
Speaker 1: candidates as bad as Joe Biden and Donald Trump, and yes,

64
00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:34,440
Speaker 1: even Kamala Harris, who is more of an accidental candidate.

65
00:03:34,480 --> 00:03:36,400
Speaker 1: And I know a lot of people in the US saying, well,

66
00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:38,760
Speaker 1: I've won as many primaries as Kamala has to be

67
00:03:38,800 --> 00:03:39,480
Speaker 1: in that position.

68
00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:44,400
Speaker 2: That's right. Yeah, the world's oldest democracy is not always

69
00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:49,600
Speaker 2: the best and most efficient one. It's noisy, it's unwieldy,

70
00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:54,880
Speaker 2: it it doesn't always operate cleanly. But on the whole,

71
00:03:54,920 --> 00:03:58,240
Speaker 2: I still think it's a more sustainable model in the

72
00:03:58,280 --> 00:04:01,360
Speaker 2: long term than anything else right now. And so the

73
00:04:01,440 --> 00:04:04,360
Speaker 2: question about why is the US doing this? I mean,

74
00:04:04,400 --> 00:04:06,160
Speaker 2: you know, as an American I can also point the

75
00:04:06,240 --> 00:04:09,680
Speaker 2: question back to parliamentary systems, like why did Barack Obama

76
00:04:09,720 --> 00:04:13,440
Speaker 2: have to meet with so many Australian prime ministers some twice? Right,

77
00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:16,719
Speaker 2: It's just the function of our democracies is they operated

78
00:04:17,200 --> 00:04:19,760
Speaker 2: a bit differently. Donald Trump would never be, in my view,

79
00:04:20,200 --> 00:04:23,400
Speaker 2: a prime minister of a country like Australia or Donald

80
00:04:23,440 --> 00:04:26,039
Speaker 2: Trump type personality, because you meet someone who has the

81
00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:29,840
Speaker 2: backing of their party. And as much as publicly Republicans

82
00:04:30,400 --> 00:04:33,920
Speaker 2: may support Trump, I think probably they don't like living

83
00:04:33,960 --> 00:04:35,599
Speaker 2: in this Trump ara because they never know when they're

84
00:04:35,600 --> 00:04:37,200
Speaker 2: going to be caught on the wrong side of him,

85
00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:42,479
Speaker 2: and he doesn't really always stay consistent and on his

86
00:04:43,160 --> 00:04:46,880
Speaker 2: direction of his policies. So yeah, the US and Australia,

87
00:04:46,920 --> 00:04:51,880
Speaker 2: we all have our peculiar quirks, but again, on the whole,

88
00:04:51,920 --> 00:04:54,640
Speaker 2: it's a sustainable model, not always a clean one.

89
00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:58,200
Speaker 1: It's interesting what you say about Republicans publicly and privately,

90
00:04:58,240 --> 00:05:01,360
Speaker 1: and some have been very public. Both Bushes, the late

91
00:05:02,080 --> 00:05:07,599
Speaker 1: George W. H. Bush and George W. Bush have both

92
00:05:08,600 --> 00:05:12,080
Speaker 1: shied away from Trump, as has today Dick Cheney, a

93
00:05:12,240 --> 00:05:18,040
Speaker 1: former vice president to W. Bush. So there's there is

94
00:05:18,279 --> 00:05:21,800
Speaker 1: even open hostility in the Republicans towards him.

95
00:05:22,200 --> 00:05:26,600
Speaker 2: Yeah, that's right. I think there's a difference between the

96
00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:29,560
Speaker 2: Republican elite and versus the Republican voters that you mentioned before.

97
00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:32,640
Speaker 2: Why did the Why did out of a country of

98
00:05:32,920 --> 00:05:35,240
Speaker 2: over three hundred and thirty million, how did Donald Trump?

99
00:05:35,240 --> 00:05:38,520
Speaker 2: Once again for the third time? Now I'm the Republican nominee.

100
00:05:38,760 --> 00:05:42,480
Speaker 2: And that's because the way that the Republican Party does

101
00:05:42,520 --> 00:05:46,880
Speaker 2: its primary system not the same way from the Democratic Party. Basically,

102
00:05:47,040 --> 00:05:50,400
Speaker 2: they it's because Donal Trump had the voters. You know,

103
00:05:50,440 --> 00:05:53,200
Speaker 2: there are other candidates who are well funded, including Ron

104
00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:56,279
Speaker 2: de Santis. There are other candidates who had more support

105
00:05:56,440 --> 00:06:00,000
Speaker 2: in Washington, like Nikki Haley. But at the end of

106
00:06:00,160 --> 00:06:03,320
Speaker 2: the dates, the US primary system is more democratic than

107
00:06:03,360 --> 00:06:08,240
Speaker 2: the preselection system in Australia. And so I think there's

108
00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:12,440
Speaker 2: a number of media outlets right now publishing or talking

109
00:06:12,440 --> 00:06:15,240
Speaker 2: about how a lot of Republicans, even though publicly they

110
00:06:15,279 --> 00:06:19,640
Speaker 2: will they will pledge their allegiance to Donald Trump, privately

111
00:06:19,920 --> 00:06:21,080
Speaker 2: really can't wait for him to go.

112
00:06:21,360 --> 00:06:25,159
Speaker 1: Yeah, have you done research on the likelihood of Orcust

113
00:06:25,200 --> 00:06:28,760
Speaker 1: being delivered? Because that is certainly a topic of contention,

114
00:06:28,920 --> 00:06:31,800
Speaker 1: isn't it that it's so far off the first subs

115
00:06:31,839 --> 00:06:36,440
Speaker 1: here in Australia in what fifteen or so years, and

116
00:06:36,640 --> 00:06:39,159
Speaker 1: who knows if that'll even ever happen.

117
00:06:40,240 --> 00:06:43,479
Speaker 2: Yeah, So the one thing to keep in mind about

118
00:06:43,480 --> 00:06:47,039
Speaker 2: pulling is that you want to only pull on things

119
00:06:47,360 --> 00:06:51,920
Speaker 2: that people can say something about, right, and so getting

120
00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:54,360
Speaker 2: into the details of what you mean by do you

121
00:06:54,400 --> 00:06:56,560
Speaker 2: expect Ucus to deliver it? That would be a hard

122
00:06:56,560 --> 00:06:59,960
Speaker 2: one for me to put out into the field because

123
00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:03,479
Speaker 2: as people would question what aspect of August or even

124
00:07:03,520 --> 00:07:07,880
Speaker 2: sometimes what even is August? I mean as much as

125
00:07:07,680 --> 00:07:10,440
Speaker 2: the news readers and the journalists of the world are

126
00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:14,320
Speaker 2: very familiar with August, you're late person might have heard

127
00:07:14,320 --> 00:07:17,160
Speaker 2: it once or twice, but may not know that much

128
00:07:17,200 --> 00:07:19,920
Speaker 2: about it. So, but in terms of views of August,

129
00:07:19,960 --> 00:07:23,360
Speaker 2: there's probably a few questions that we get more than

130
00:07:23,640 --> 00:07:26,600
Speaker 2: you know, what does August look like in the Trumpet administration?

131
00:07:27,040 --> 00:07:28,960
Speaker 2: And in my view, I think there's every reason to

132
00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:31,560
Speaker 2: believe that he continues it as much as there's a

133
00:07:31,600 --> 00:07:33,880
Speaker 2: lot of noise in the US vocal system, and as

134
00:07:33,920 --> 00:07:36,960
Speaker 2: much as Australia's love to analyze the US politics. You know,

135
00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:39,840
Speaker 2: back in twenty sixteen, they consumed Australia's consume twice as

136
00:07:39,880 --> 00:07:42,040
Speaker 2: much information about the US selection as they did their

137
00:07:42,080 --> 00:07:44,640
Speaker 2: own that year. And at the end of the day,

138
00:07:44,720 --> 00:07:47,360
Speaker 2: my view, it doesn't really matter substively all that much

139
00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:51,640
Speaker 2: to Australia because I can't see Harris or Trump administration

140
00:07:51,800 --> 00:07:57,000
Speaker 2: drastically altering August all that much myself. Now. The reason

141
00:07:57,040 --> 00:07:59,440
Speaker 2: for that is because I think what August does is

142
00:07:59,560 --> 00:08:03,240
Speaker 2: it is Australia paying the United States to become to

143
00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:06,120
Speaker 2: take on more of the burden sharing in the region,

144
00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:09,680
Speaker 2: to increase its defense spending, to be more of the

145
00:08:09,720 --> 00:08:13,119
Speaker 2: model allied that the United States wish is Europeans Uh,

146
00:08:13,200 --> 00:08:17,520
Speaker 2: European allies would would would replicates, because let's not forget

147
00:08:17,560 --> 00:08:19,520
Speaker 2: that there's a land war in Europe for the first

148
00:08:19,520 --> 00:08:21,920
Speaker 2: time since World War Two. The Germans are still spending

149
00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:24,120
Speaker 2: less than two percent their military now. In terms of

150
00:08:24,160 --> 00:08:26,560
Speaker 2: the public though, what we found is that the majority

151
00:08:26,560 --> 00:08:30,240
Speaker 2: of Australians either we're not sure or don't know what

152
00:08:30,280 --> 00:08:33,040
Speaker 2: they think Donald Trump, what Donald Trump will do if

153
00:08:33,080 --> 00:08:36,040
Speaker 2: he about August, if he wins a second term, And

154
00:08:36,080 --> 00:08:40,520
Speaker 2: I think that's a that's an appropriate option to choose thing.

155
00:08:40,880 --> 00:08:42,960
Speaker 2: I don't know what docal Trump is going to do.

156
00:08:43,040 --> 00:08:45,840
Speaker 2: I think you're going to have a lot less egg

157
00:08:45,880 --> 00:08:47,079
Speaker 2: on your face if you choose that off.

158
00:08:47,360 --> 00:08:51,559
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, interesting. You started off saying that one reason

159
00:08:51,720 --> 00:08:54,839
Speaker 1: for people feeling this way about a potential second Trump

160
00:08:54,880 --> 00:08:59,720
Speaker 1: administration is the local issues in our region here in

161
00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:04,520
Speaker 1: this Southeast Asia region. Were other reasons given? I mean economically,

162
00:09:04,679 --> 00:09:09,000
Speaker 1: for instance, Trump in his first term had the economy

163
00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:12,400
Speaker 1: coming along magnificently over there in the US, and you

164
00:09:12,480 --> 00:09:15,640
Speaker 1: think that flows through the world. The old adage of

165
00:09:16,040 --> 00:09:21,199
Speaker 1: the US sneezers the world catches are cold. Is there

166
00:09:21,200 --> 00:09:25,160
Speaker 1: any indication about how we feel economically in terms of

167
00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:26,360
Speaker 1: policies in the US.

168
00:09:27,720 --> 00:09:30,199
Speaker 2: So one thing that you ask in the US, in

169
00:09:30,280 --> 00:09:32,920
Speaker 2: particular Americans are often how who do you think is

170
00:09:32,960 --> 00:09:36,720
Speaker 2: stronger on the economy? Yeah, and on the whole Trump

171
00:09:36,760 --> 00:09:40,920
Speaker 2: has led that has been ahead of Harris on that,

172
00:09:41,080 --> 00:09:44,600
Speaker 2: and by then on that Harris has actually closed that

173
00:09:44,760 --> 00:09:47,719
Speaker 2: gap a little bit and in some some polls she's

174
00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:50,240
Speaker 2: actually been Trump on that to a certain time. But

175
00:09:51,440 --> 00:09:56,319
Speaker 2: we have not asked Australian that question. And also like, again,

176
00:09:56,360 --> 00:09:59,400
Speaker 2: how do you define better for the currenty? Is it

177
00:09:59,480 --> 00:10:01,920
Speaker 2: the longer short run? Because you know, in a short

178
00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:07,040
Speaker 2: run you can say that the tax cuts really juiced

179
00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:09,880
Speaker 2: up and already coming economy. In the long run you

180
00:10:09,880 --> 00:10:12,199
Speaker 2: can say, well, actually, it puts US in teconomic danger

181
00:10:12,280 --> 00:10:16,320
Speaker 2: because the deficit, the budget deficit in the US just

182
00:10:16,360 --> 00:10:19,480
Speaker 2: continues to increase every year. You know, right now at

183
00:10:19,480 --> 00:10:22,199
Speaker 2: this point Harris and Trump are not having an argument

184
00:10:22,240 --> 00:10:25,400
Speaker 2: about the size of governments. They're just having an argument

185
00:10:25,400 --> 00:10:28,960
Speaker 2: about where they expand the size of governments. And so

186
00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:32,839
Speaker 2: the question is what's sustainable? And so yeah, it's it's

187
00:10:32,880 --> 00:10:35,160
Speaker 2: a tough it's a tough not to crack. But I

188
00:10:35,160 --> 00:10:40,079
Speaker 2: think on the whole, I would imagine that Australians probably

189
00:10:40,360 --> 00:10:43,960
Speaker 2: won't wouldn't look too favorably to all the talk of tariffs,

190
00:10:44,320 --> 00:10:46,880
Speaker 2: and it may not. There may not be tariffs on Australia.

191
00:10:47,000 --> 00:10:49,320
Speaker 2: Just like before, Let's not forget that Australia, in my view,

192
00:10:49,400 --> 00:10:51,199
Speaker 2: fared better than any other country in the world during

193
00:10:51,240 --> 00:10:54,160
Speaker 2: the Trump administration. That included the fact that they were

194
00:10:54,200 --> 00:10:57,760
Speaker 2: not subject to the stealing the aluminum tariffs. But that

195
00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:00,000
Speaker 2: doesn't mean that, you know, major tariffs on China won't

196
00:11:00,240 --> 00:11:03,520
Speaker 2: be destabilizing to the global trading system.

197
00:11:03,760 --> 00:11:06,360
Speaker 1: Interesting, Jared, just before I let you guy, take off

198
00:11:06,360 --> 00:11:11,800
Speaker 1: your director of research at the US Study Center hat

199
00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:14,960
Speaker 1: and put on your American citizen hat. Who do you

200
00:11:14,960 --> 00:11:15,679
Speaker 1: think is gonna win?

201
00:11:16,920 --> 00:11:18,920
Speaker 2: Oh? Well, fortunately, I have to look at the polls

202
00:11:18,920 --> 00:11:20,679
Speaker 2: for that as well, And so if I had to

203
00:11:20,800 --> 00:11:24,440
Speaker 2: choose anyone to win today, I would actually, I would

204
00:11:24,480 --> 00:11:27,840
Speaker 2: actually think that Trump is the more likely candidate. Let's

205
00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:31,000
Speaker 2: not forget in twenty sixteen the polls are off, but

206
00:11:31,080 --> 00:11:33,079
Speaker 2: in twenty twenty they were off by even more. The

207
00:11:33,440 --> 00:11:37,600
Speaker 2: challenge for Joe Biden then was to overcome how bad

208
00:11:37,640 --> 00:11:39,520
Speaker 2: the polls were and you know, states that he was

209
00:11:39,520 --> 00:11:41,319
Speaker 2: supposed to win by seven to nine points. He ended

210
00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:43,439
Speaker 2: up winning by half a point or even one point.

211
00:11:43,800 --> 00:11:46,800
Speaker 2: And so the question is will those polls be off again?

212
00:11:46,840 --> 00:11:50,440
Speaker 2: And right now Harris is pulling behind where Biden was

213
00:11:50,480 --> 00:11:52,480
Speaker 2: in twenty twenty. So that's why I think, more than

214
00:11:52,480 --> 00:11:55,560
Speaker 2: anything else, we'll probably see once again for the third time,

215
00:11:55,679 --> 00:11:59,720
Speaker 2: Donald Trump lose the popular vote but still win the presidency.

216
00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:04,040
Speaker 2: Because huzzy, that quirky aspect of the US government the

217
00:12:04,120 --> 00:12:06,160
Speaker 2: US constitution, which is the electoral College.

218
00:12:06,600 --> 00:12:09,720
Speaker 1: Interesting, all right, and that's despite and you'd be across

219
00:12:09,760 --> 00:12:13,160
Speaker 1: this Alan Lickman. Now people here in Adelaide might be thinking,

220
00:12:13,200 --> 00:12:17,480
Speaker 1: who's he. He's a US professor who has developed a

221
00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:20,760
Speaker 1: model for predicting US election results, and just the other

222
00:12:20,880 --> 00:12:24,160
Speaker 1: day he reckons Harris has met six of the seven

223
00:12:24,200 --> 00:12:26,480
Speaker 1: I think it is criteria that he sets out for

224
00:12:26,520 --> 00:12:27,680
Speaker 1: winning elections.

225
00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:30,880
Speaker 2: Yeah. Well, let's not forget though, that he's correctly predicted

226
00:12:31,040 --> 00:12:33,439
Speaker 2: nine out of the last ten elections.

227
00:12:33,640 --> 00:12:37,240
Speaker 1: So he's not perfect, No, he's not true. Interesting, all right,

228
00:12:37,320 --> 00:12:39,800
Speaker 1: we'll see where it goes. Jared, really appreciate your time

229
00:12:39,840 --> 00:12:43,320
Speaker 1: this morning. My pleasure Jared monshein there, who is Director

230
00:12:43,520 --> 00:12:46,480
Speaker 1: of Research at the US Studies Center,