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Speaker 1: It's in with all the questions that you need to

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Speaker 1: know about coronavirus.

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Speaker 2: And we love this man, Doctor Carl joins us. Have

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Speaker 2: we got him on the line? Dot Carl? Are you

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Speaker 2: there all right?

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Speaker 3: Dang by really dropping you are?

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Speaker 1: And can I just say to Carl before we kick

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Speaker 1: it off about all our COVID nineteen questions with your

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Speaker 1: doctor Carl. For any kids out there and mums and

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Speaker 1: dads homeschooling, you're doing your head in a little bit.

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Speaker 1: We're actually doing a little bit of science at home

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Speaker 1: at the moment.

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Speaker 2: But if you want to get.

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Speaker 1: Creative with your kids in isolation, the Australian Museum has

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Speaker 1: got the Australian Museum sleek geeks science you recurprise. There's

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Speaker 1: a lot of money up for grabs and if you

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Speaker 1: want to go check out a bit more, go to.

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Speaker 2: Australian Museum dot net dot au.

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Speaker 1: But the kids can earn a little bit of money

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Speaker 1: on the side, doctor Carl if they come up with

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Speaker 1: some great ideas.

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Speaker 3: Taking out a bag good money. There's a couple of

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Speaker 3: thousand dollars for primary school kids and a couple of

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Speaker 3: thousand dollars for high school I'm has to do is

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Speaker 3: make a ninety second video about water. And I'll give

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Speaker 3: a big fat clue, which is make it in three parts.

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Speaker 3: The first part started with something that really is eye

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Speaker 3: catching and grabs people's attention, then go into a bit

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Speaker 3: of an explanation, and then finally finish off with a joke.

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Speaker 3: And then you'll have won thousands of dollars for you

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Speaker 3: personally in your school Primary.

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Speaker 4: School sounds easy from high school.

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Speaker 3: And then maybe he has set you up as a

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Speaker 3: future career as a social influencer on Instagram. And so

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Speaker 3: if you guys end up coming out with sixty Whippa

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Speaker 3: and Sarah Sparkling Tea, they can come to you and say, yeah,

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Speaker 3: give me five thousand dollars and I will say that

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Speaker 3: I drank a cup.

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Speaker 4: Oh yeah, doctor Carl, that's awesome. That initiative, what a

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Speaker 4: great drive. I need to ask about Corona because there's

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Speaker 4: been a lot of rumors, and I suppose it was

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Speaker 4: hard to understand whether reports are accurate. But can we

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Speaker 4: start with the one that Corona the virus dies in

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Speaker 4: temperatures over thirty plus.

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Speaker 3: If it dies in temperatures over thirty plus, because the

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Speaker 3: inside of your body is the temperatures over thirty plus.

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Speaker 3: That is what we technically call a lie.

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Speaker 5: Yeah right, well, hang on with you stop because there

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Speaker 5: was that period. I get where you're going rips because

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Speaker 5: people were saying if they drink hot drinks and things

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Speaker 5: that would help protect them.

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Speaker 4: But's a great point because it's not going to come

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Speaker 4: out of your body. If it's already thirty six degrees

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Speaker 4: in your body, it can't get out of lite.

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Speaker 3: That was a lie to try and pick up who

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Speaker 3: was really gullible high of from Nigeria and I've got

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Speaker 3: four hundred Marry me, Yeah, marry me and you get

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Speaker 3: the money. So it to kill the virus. If you're

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Speaker 3: take it up to ninety two degrees c for fifteen minutes,

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Speaker 3: you'll kill it or okay, So this virus, we're very lucky.

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Speaker 3: We are so lucky with the virus. The coronavirus does

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Speaker 3: have a fatty coating, a layer of fat around it

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Speaker 3: which is disrupted by both alcohol and soap.

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Speaker 4: And the Richard.

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Speaker 5: Woman's history is solved around the alcohol.

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Speaker 3: So that story about the virus dies at temperatures over

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Speaker 3: thirty degree CEA, it's a lie.

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Speaker 1: Ninety two degrees okay, doctor Carl, can we please, can

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Speaker 1: you give us a timeline of the vaccine. People get

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Speaker 1: excited thinking it's going to be out in months, but

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Speaker 1: then we have to test it on animals, We have

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Speaker 1: to test it on humans. Well, when is the likelihood

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Speaker 1: of us getting the recipe here in Australia and then

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Speaker 1: this is going to be distributed to everybody in Australia

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Speaker 1: and we get the vaccine.

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Speaker 3: The timeline we're looking at anything from a minimum of

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Speaker 3: six months, which is really unlikely, up to several years.

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Speaker 3: As an example, in three years ago they tried to

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Speaker 3: come up a vaccine against the A's virus. Yes, it

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Speaker 3: succeeded in making a vaccine one and a half years ago,

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Speaker 3: they've tested it for the remaining three years, and now

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Speaker 3: after three years, what they've got is a vaccine that

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Speaker 3: doesn't work, so they have to start again. So we're

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Speaker 3: coming up with a vaccine against the coronavirus. You need

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Speaker 3: to try any different ways and one of them will work?

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Speaker 5: Is that because it mutates as well? Because there are

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Speaker 5: there two strains of coronavirus, they're saying now the one

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Speaker 5: overseas being much stronger than the one we've got. Is

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Speaker 5: that correct?

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Speaker 3: No, that's another lie I TV to believe it's hard

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Speaker 3: to make a vaccine is that the old law of

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Speaker 3: Paracelsus five hundred years ago. All drugs are poisons. What

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Speaker 3: matters is the dose and what do you want to

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Speaker 3: do is come up with a vaccine that has visually

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Speaker 3: no side effects or done. And that's the hard part.

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Speaker 3: So they did come up with a vaccine against SARS

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Speaker 3: as soon as they tested it the first stars in

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Speaker 3: two thousand and three, and as soon as they tested

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Speaker 3: it they found it was causing problems with people, and

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Speaker 3: so they immediately did not release their vaccine. So part

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Speaker 3: one is to make the vaccine, but part two is

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Speaker 3: to test it, and only when you've tested it then

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Speaker 3: do you release it.

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Speaker 1: Learning a lot so, Doctor Carl, can we talk about

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Speaker 1: the current situation that Australia is in and we're very

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Speaker 1: proud with the way that we've gone about this in Adelaide.

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Speaker 1: I think it's been eleven days have had zero cases.

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Speaker 1: Can you eradicate the disease from a state completely eradicate it?

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Speaker 3: No, because it has many reservoirs. Think about smallpox we

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Speaker 3: wiped out because it has only one reservoir, which is humans, yes,

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Speaker 3: but the flu and the coronaviruses have got multiple reservoirs

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Speaker 3: like bats and with the flu, pigs and various birds.

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Speaker 3: So if a disease has multiple reservoirs, you can't eradicate it.

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Speaker 3: Order you to do is come up with a vaccine,

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Speaker 3: and then how good the vaccine is depends on how

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Speaker 3: quickly the virus mutates. Now, the measles virus, we're made

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Speaker 3: a vaccine against a certain part of the outside of

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Speaker 3: the vaccine, which is what it uses to get into

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Speaker 3: human cells, and if it changes that, then it can't

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Speaker 3: attack us. So we've been able to have a vaccine

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Speaker 3: against beetles and it's the same vaccine for the last

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Speaker 3: half century. Whereas the flu changes bits on its surface

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Speaker 3: and we can't get to the bid that it uses

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Speaker 3: to get into ourselves. We can't find it yet. We

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Speaker 3: need more research, and so the flu virus comes around

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Speaker 3: every year. By the way, get your flu vaccine, Get

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Speaker 3: your flu vaccine, Get vaccinated.

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Speaker 1: What are some of the things that we won't be

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Speaker 1: able to go back and do until we find a vaccine.

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Speaker 2: Will sporting events be one of those?

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Speaker 3: Social contact will be changed until we get into the vaccine.

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Speaker 3: We're looking at the situation that per immunity is going

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Speaker 3: to be somewhere around fifty or sixty percent of the population,

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Speaker 3: and to get there without a vaccine means that to

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Speaker 3: infect sixty percent of the population, roughly one percent of

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Speaker 3: the population will get it. We're looking at in Australia

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Speaker 3: is about one to a half percent death rates six

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Speaker 3: thousand cases or roughly one hundred deaths. So caving people

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Speaker 3: die is a very bad way to get the community.

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Speaker 3: What you want is a vaccine, and we're heading down

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Speaker 3: that pathway.

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Speaker 1: Okay, what about music festivall Doctor Carr provide you way.

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Speaker 3: Several meters apart and doesn't touch anybody else as fine.

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Speaker 2: More than happy man.

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Speaker 4: That doesn't work, madam in the mosh pet I'm.

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Speaker 2: In, doctor Carl.

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Speaker 1: Are you confident that we'll be able to find a vaccine?

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Speaker 1: Have we got some of the smartest brains in the

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Speaker 1: world working on this?

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Speaker 3: Oh yeah, people are working like crazy, none of them

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Speaker 3: in Australia, hardly anything at all. And I'm pretty sure

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Speaker 3: that we'll have a vaccine within say, four years, but

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Speaker 3: we'll really be wanted within four months. Our four years,

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Speaker 3: we guarantee we'll have a vaccine. But if we're lucky

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Speaker 3: and we work hard, we can get it within maybe

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Speaker 3: six months. If we're lucky. Until then, the only way

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Speaker 3: to build up of Bundy is by people dying. You

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Speaker 3: can avoid people dying by keeping people separate, but then

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Speaker 3: the economy falls over. There's a complicated question.

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Speaker 2: Yeah it is, Doctor Carlin's fascinating.

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Speaker 1: We know how busy you are, Doctor car We appreciate

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Speaker 1: your time. For all those kids out there you canen

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Speaker 1: is one thousands of dollars up for grabs. Go to

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Speaker 1: Australian Museum dot dot au and get involved with the

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Speaker 1: slate Geeks Science. You wreake a prize. Appreciate your time.

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Speaker 1: Thanks for coming on, doctor Carl.

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Speaker 3: Thank you doctor for here.

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Speaker 1: Doctor Sarah, thank you, Doctor cal Sansuy Bye bye Nova.

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